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<meta name="keywords" content="C0410529, disease or syndrome, fgfr3, hch, hypochondrodysplasia, hypochondroplasia, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Hypochondroplasia is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by short stature; stocky build; disproportionately short arms and legs; broad, short hands and feet; mild joint laxity; and macrocephaly. Radiologic features include shortening of long bones with mild metaphyseal flare; narrowing of the inferior lumbar interpedicular distances; short, broad femoral neck; and squared, shortened ilia. The skeletal features are very similar to those seen in achondroplasia but tend to be milder. Medical complications common to achondroplasia (e.g., spinal stenosis, tibial bowing, obstructive apnea) occur less frequently in hypochondroplasia but intellectual disability and epilepsy may be more prevalent. Children usually present as toddlers or at early school age with decreased growth velocity leading to short stature and limb disproportion. Other features also become more prominent over time." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=98376
ConceptID=C0410529
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Hypochondroplasia<span class="h1sub">(HCH)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>98376</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0410529</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>HCH</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Hypochondroplasia (205468002); Hypochondrodysplasia (205468002)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Modes of inheritance:</td>
<td>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="moi_141047"><div><strong>Autosomal dominant inheritance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>141047</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0443147</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Intellectual Product</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Source: Orphanet</div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele.</div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#moi_141047" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal dominant inheritance</a><span> (Orphanet)</span></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="FGFR3 - ID: 2261 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/2261" class="medgenPMinfo">FGFR3</a> (4p16.3)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007793" target="_blank">MONDO:0007793</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/146000" target="_blank">146000</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&amp;Expert=429">ORPHA429</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_101">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Disease_characteristics">Disease characteristics</h1><a sid="101" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="excerpt">Excerpted from the <i>GeneReview: </i><a href="/books/NBK1477" target="_blank">Hypochondroplasia</a></div><div>Hypochondroplasia is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by short stature; stocky build; disproportionately short arms and legs; broad, short hands and feet; mild joint laxity; and macrocephaly. Radiologic features include shortening of long bones with mild metaphyseal flare; narrowing of the inferior lumbar interpedicular distances; short, broad femoral neck; and squared, shortened ilia. The skeletal features are very similar to those seen in achondroplasia but tend to be milder. Medical complications common to achondroplasia (e.g., spinal stenosis, tibial bowing, obstructive apnea) occur less frequently in hypochondroplasia but intellectual disability and epilepsy may be more prevalent. Children usually present as toddlers or at early school age with decreased growth velocity leading to short stature and limb disproportion. Other features also become more prominent over time. [from <a title="GeneReviews" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116" class="defSource" target="_blank">GeneReviews</a>]</div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Full text of <i>GeneReview</i> (by section):</strong><br /><a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1477#hypochondroplasia.Summary" target="NBK1477">Summary</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1477#hypochondroplasia.Diagnosis" target="NBK1477">Diagnosis</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1477#hypochondroplasia.Clinical_Characteristi" target="NBK1477">Clinical Characteristics</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1477#hypochondroplasia.Genetically_Related_Al" target="NBK1477">Genetically Related (Allelic) Disorders</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1477#hypochondroplasia.Differential_Diagnosis" target="NBK1477">Differential Diagnosis</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1477#hypochondroplasia.Management" target="NBK1477">Management</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1477#hypochondroplasia.Genetic_Counseling" target="NBK1477">Genetic Counseling</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1477#hypochondroplasia.Resources" target="NBK1477">Resources</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1477#hypochondroplasia.Molecular_Genetics" target="NBK1477">Molecular Genetics</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1477#hypochondroplasia.Chapter_Notes" target="NBK1477">Chapter Notes</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1477#hypochondroplasia.References" target="NBK1477">References</a></div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Authors:</strong><br />
Michael B Bober  |  Gary A Bellus  |  Sarah M Nikkel<i>, et. al.</i>   <a href="/books/NBK1477" target="NBK1477" title="NCBI Bookshelf: Hypochondroplasia">view full author information</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_117">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Additional_descriptions">Additional descriptions</h1><a sid="117" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="mgSection"><strong>From OMIM</strong><br />Hypochondroplasia (HCH) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by short-limbed dwarfism, lumbar lordosis, short and broad bones, and caudad narrowing of the interpediculate distance of the lumbar spine. It shows some resemblance to achondroplasia, but is much milder and can be distinguished on clinical and radiographic grounds (Walker et al., 1971).  <a target="_blank" href="http://www.omim.org/entry/146000">http://www.omim.org/entry/146000</a></div><div class="mgSection"><strong>From MedlinePlus Genetics</strong><br />Hypochondroplasia is a form of short-limbed dwarfism. This condition affects the conversion of cartilage into bone (a process called ossification), particularly in the long bones of the arms and legs. Hypochondroplasia is similar to another skeletal disorder called achondroplasia, but the features tend to be milder.<br /><br />All people with hypochondroplasia have short stature. The adult height for men with this condition ranges from 138 centimeters to 165 centimeters (4 feet, 6 inches to 5 feet, 5 inches). The height range for adult women is 128 centimeters to 151 centimeters (4 feet, 2 inches to 4 feet, 11 inches).<br /><br />People with hypochondroplasia have short arms and legs and broad, short hands and feet. Other characteristic features include a a large head (macrocephaly), limited range of motion at the elbows, a sway of the lower back (lordosis), and bowed legs. These signs are generally less pronounced than those seen in people with achondroplasia and may not be noticeable until early or middle childhood. Affected individuals have a small increased risk of a seizure disorder known as temporal lobe epilepsy. Some studies have reported that a small percentage of people with hypochondroplasia have mild to moderate intellectual disability or learning problems, but other studies have produced conflicting results.   <a target="_blank" href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hypochondroplasia">https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hypochondroplasia</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_67454"><div><strong>Brachydactyly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>67454</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0221357</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/67454">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Brachydactyly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2067454%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_98430"><div><strong>Trident hand</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>98430</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0426874</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A hand in which the fingers are of nearly equal length and deflected at the first interphalangeal joint, so as to give a forklike shape consisting of separation of the first and second as well as the third and fourth digits.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/98430">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Trident%20hand%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2098430%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_154257"><div><strong>Genu varum</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>154257</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0544755</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A positional abnormality marked by outward bowing of the legs in which the knees stay wide apart when a person stands with the feet and ankles together.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/154257">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Genu%20varum%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20154257%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_401158"><div><strong>Limited elbow extension</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>401158</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1867103</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Limited ability to straighten the arm at the elbow joint.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/401158">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Limited%20elbow%20extension%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20401158%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1635318"><div><strong>Aplasia/hypoplasia of the extremities</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1635318</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551464</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Absence (due to failure to form) or underdevelopment of the extremities.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1635318">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Aplasia%2Fhypoplasia%20of%20the%20extremities%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201635318%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_342370"><div><strong>Disproportionate short-limb short stature</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>342370</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1849937</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of disproportionate short stature characterized by a short limbs but an average-sized trunk.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/342370">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Disproportionate%20short-limb%20short%20stature%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20342370%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_811461"><div><strong>Intellectual disability</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>811461</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3714756</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/811461">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20811461%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1163"><div><strong>Craniosynostosis syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1163</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0010278</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Craniosynostosis refers to the premature closure of the cranial sutures. Primary craniosynostosis refers to the closure of one or more sutures due to abnormalities in skull development, and secondary craniosynostosis results from failure of brain growth.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1163">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Craniosynostosis%20syndrome%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201163%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_67453"><div><strong>Frontal bossing</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>67453</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0221354</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Bilateral bulging of the lateral frontal bone prominences with relative sparing of the midline.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/67453">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Frontal%20bossing%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2067453%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_263149"><div><strong>Lumbar hyperlordosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>263149</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1184923</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal accentuation of the inward curvature of the spine in the lumbar region.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/263149">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Lumbar%20hyperlordosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20263149%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_373033"><div><strong>Short femoral neck</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>373033</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1836184</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally short femoral neck (which is the process of bone, connecting the femoral head with the femoral shaft).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/373033">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20femoral%20neck%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20373033%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_337976"><div><strong>Flared metaphysis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>337976</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1850135</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of a splayed (i.e.,flared) metaphyseal segment of one or more long bones.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/337976">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Flared%20metaphysis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20337976%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_344385"><div><strong>Short long bone</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>344385</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1854912</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">One or more abnormally short long bone.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/344385">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20long%20bone%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20344385%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_347616"><div><strong>Malar flattening</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>347616</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1858085</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Underdevelopment of the malar prominence of the jugal bone (zygomatic bone in mammals), appreciated in profile, frontal view, and/or by palpation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/347616">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Malar%20flattening%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20347616%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_745757"><div><strong>Macrocephaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>745757</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2243051</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Occipitofrontal (head) circumference greater than 97th centile compared to appropriate, age matched, sex-matched normal standards. Alternatively, a apparently increased size of the cranium.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/745757">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Macrocephaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20745757%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_868390"><div><strong>Widened interpedicular distance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>868390</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4022784</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An increase in the distance between vertebral pedicles, which are the two short, thick processes, which project backward, one on either side, from the upper part of the vertebral body, at the junction of its posterior and lateral surfaces.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/868390">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Widened%20interpedicular%20distance%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20868390%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_373112"><div><strong>Depressed nasal bridge</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>373112</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1836542</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/373112">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Depressed%20nasal%20bridge%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20373112%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_373291"><div><strong>Prominent forehead</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>373291</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1837260</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/373291">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Prominent%20forehead%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20373291%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_54"><div><strong>Acanthosis nigricans</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>54</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0000889</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A dermatosis characterized by thickened, hyperpigmented plaques, typically on the intertriginous surfaces and neck.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/54">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Acanthosis%20nigricans%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2054%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of head or neck</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_373112" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Depressed nasal bridge</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_373291" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Prominent forehead</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of limbs</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1635318" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Aplasia/hypoplasia of the extremities</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_67454" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Brachydactyly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_154257" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Genu varum</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_401158" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Limited elbow extension</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_98430" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Trident hand</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the integument</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_54" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Acanthosis nigricans</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1163" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Craniosynostosis syndrome</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_337976" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Flared metaphysis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_67453" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Frontal bossing</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_263149" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lumbar hyperlordosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_745757" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Macrocephaly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_347616" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Malar flattening</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_373033" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short femoral neck</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_344385" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short long bone</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_868390" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Widened interpedicular distance</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_811461" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_342370" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Disproportionate short-limb short stature</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li><li><a href="#tabORDO">Orphanet</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0410529[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=98376">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=98376" target="_blank" href="/omim/134934">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1477/" ref="ncbi_uid=98376">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=98376" ref="ncbi_uid=98376">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Hypochondroplasia</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1842866" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for FGFR3-related chondrodysplasia">FGFR3-related chondrodysplasia</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Hypochondroplasia</span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div id="tabORDO">Follow <a target="_blank" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/Disease_Classif.php?lng=EN&amp;data_id=156&amp;PatId=161&amp;search=Disease_Classif_Simple&amp;new=1" class="ital bold">this link</a> to review classifications for <span class="ital">Hypochondroplasia</span> in Orphanet.</div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32780956">Use of Growth Hormone Treatment in Skeletal Dysplasia - A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kochar IS,
Chugh R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Endocrinol Rev</span>
2020 Aug;17(4):327-330.
doi: 10.17458/per.vol17.2020.kc.ghtreatmentskeletaldysplasia.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32780956" target="_blank">32780956</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25531227">Growth hormone treatment in patients with hypochondroplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Regelmann MO,
Rapaport R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Horm Res Paediatr</span>
2014;82(6):353-4.
Epub 2014 Dec 16
doi: 10.1159/000369169.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25531227" target="_blank">25531227</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3240246">Hypochondroplasia: radiological diagnosis and differential diagnosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fasanelli S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Basic Life Sci</span>
1988;48:163-6.
doi: 10.1007/978-1-4684-8712-1_22.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3240246" target="_blank">3240246</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22hypochondroplasia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (14)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24650027">The etiology of short stature affects the clinical outcome of lower limb lengthening using external fixation. A systematic review of 18 trials involving 547 patients.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kim SJ,
Pierce W,
Sabharwal S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Orthop</span>
2014 Apr;85(2):181-6.
doi: 10.3109/17453674.2014.899856.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24650027" target="_blank">24650027</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3967262" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23165795">Neuroimaging and neurological findings in patients with hypochondroplasia and FGFR3 N540K mutation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Linnankivi T,
Mäkitie O,
Valanne L,
Toiviainen-Salo S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2012 Dec;158A(12):3119-25.
Epub 2012 Nov 19
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35642.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23165795" target="_blank">23165795</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12357475">Some chondrodysplasias with short limbs: molecular perspectives.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cohen MM Jr</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet</span>
2002 Oct 15;112(3):304-13.
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.10780.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12357475" target="_blank">12357475</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10102069">Growth hormone therapy in hypochondroplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ramaswami U,
Hindmarsh PC,
Brook CG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Paediatr Suppl</span>
1999 Feb;88(428):116-7.
doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1999.tb14368.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10102069" target="_blank">10102069</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3911194">Prenatal diagnosis of hypochondroplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Stoll C,
Manini P,
Bloch J,
Roth MP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Prenat Diagn</span>
1985 Nov-Dec;5(6):423-6.
doi: 10.1002/pd.1970050609.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3911194" target="_blank">3911194</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypochondroplasia%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (66)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29681095">Further delineation of achondroplasia-hypochondroplasia complex with long-term survival.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">González-Del Angel A,
Rius R,
Alcántara-Ortigoza MA,
Spector E,
Del Castillo V,
Mata-García LE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2018 May;176(5):1225-1231.
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38660.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29681095" target="_blank">29681095</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23165795">Neuroimaging and neurological findings in patients with hypochondroplasia and FGFR3 N540K mutation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Linnankivi T,
Mäkitie O,
Valanne L,
Toiviainen-Salo S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2012 Dec;158A(12):3119-25.
Epub 2012 Nov 19
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35642.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23165795" target="_blank">23165795</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20453470">FGFR3 mutations and the skin: report of a patient with a FGFR3 gene mutation, acanthosis nigricans, hypochondroplasia and hyperinsulinemia and review of the literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Blomberg M,
Jeppesen EM,
Skovby F,
Benfeldt E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatology</span>
2010;220(4):297-305.
Epub 2010 May 4
doi: 10.1159/000297575.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20453470" target="_blank">20453470</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19243295">FGFR2 as a molecular target in endometrial cancer.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Byron SA,
Pollock PM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Future Oncol</span>
2009 Feb;5(1):27-32.
doi: 10.2217/14796694.5.1.27.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19243295" target="_blank">19243295</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/5564166">Hypochondroplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Walker BA,
Murdoch JL,
McKusick VA,
Langer LO,
Beals RK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Dis Child</span>
1971 Aug;122(2):95-104.
doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1971.02110020029001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/5564166" target="_blank">5564166</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypochondroplasia%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (130)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32780956">Use of Growth Hormone Treatment in Skeletal Dysplasia - A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kochar IS,
Chugh R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Endocrinol Rev</span>
2020 Aug;17(4):327-330.
doi: 10.17458/per.vol17.2020.kc.ghtreatmentskeletaldysplasia.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32780956" target="_blank">32780956</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20453470">FGFR3 mutations and the skin: report of a patient with a FGFR3 gene mutation, acanthosis nigricans, hypochondroplasia and hyperinsulinemia and review of the literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Blomberg M,
Jeppesen EM,
Skovby F,
Benfeldt E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatology</span>
2010;220(4):297-305.
Epub 2010 May 4
doi: 10.1159/000297575.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20453470" target="_blank">20453470</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19243295">FGFR2 as a molecular target in endometrial cancer.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Byron SA,
Pollock PM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Future Oncol</span>
2009 Feb;5(1):27-32.
doi: 10.2217/14796694.5.1.27.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19243295" target="_blank">19243295</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7868078">Progress report: growth hormone in skeletal dysplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bridges NA,
Brook CG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Horm Res</span>
1994;42(4-5):231-4.
doi: 10.1159/000184198.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7868078" target="_blank">7868078</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2924457">The callotasis method of limb lengthening.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Aldegheri R,
Renzi-Brivio L,
Agostini S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Orthop Relat Res</span>
1989 Apr;(241):137-45.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2924457" target="_blank">2924457</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypochondroplasia%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (35)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29681095">Further delineation of achondroplasia-hypochondroplasia complex with long-term survival.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">González-Del Angel A,
Rius R,
Alcántara-Ortigoza MA,
Spector E,
Del Castillo V,
Mata-García LE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2018 May;176(5):1225-1231.
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38660.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29681095" target="_blank">29681095</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24650027">The etiology of short stature affects the clinical outcome of lower limb lengthening using external fixation. A systematic review of 18 trials involving 547 patients.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kim SJ,
Pierce W,
Sabharwal S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Orthop</span>
2014 Apr;85(2):181-6.
doi: 10.3109/17453674.2014.899856.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24650027" target="_blank">24650027</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3967262" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10102069">Growth hormone therapy in hypochondroplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ramaswami U,
Hindmarsh PC,
Brook CG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Paediatr Suppl</span>
1999 Feb;88(428):116-7.
doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1999.tb14368.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10102069" target="_blank">10102069</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8627462">Response to growth hormone in children with chondrodysplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Key LL Jr,
Gross AJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr</span>
1996 May;128(5 Pt 2):S14-7.
doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(96)70004-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8627462" target="_blank">8627462</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1261109">Achondroplastic and hypochondroplastic dwarfism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Scott CI Jr</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Orthop Relat Res</span>
1976 Jan-Feb;(114):18-30.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1261109" target="_blank">1261109</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypochondroplasia%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (30)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33099783">Topical rapamycin for acanthosis nigricans in the Fitzpatrick IV/V adolescent population.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Coerdt KM,
Todd SP,
DeKlotz CMC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Dermatol</span>
2021 Jan;38(1):296-298.
Epub 2020 Oct 24
doi: 10.1111/pde.14404.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33099783" target="_blank">33099783</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29739731">Evaluation of Efficacy of Long-term Growth Hormone Therapy in Patients with Hypochondroplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Çetin T,
Şıklar Z,
Kocaay P,
Berberoğlu M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol</span>
2018 Nov 29;10(4):373-376.
Epub 2018 May 9
doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.0043.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29739731" target="_blank">29739731</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6280321" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24295726">The paradox of FGFR3 signaling in skeletal dysplasia: why chondrocytes growth arrest while other cells over proliferate.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Krejci P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res</span>
2014 Jan-Mar;759:40-8.
Epub 2013 Dec 1
doi: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2013.11.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24295726" target="_blank">24295726</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10102069">Growth hormone therapy in hypochondroplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ramaswami U,
Hindmarsh PC,
Brook CG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Paediatr Suppl</span>
1999 Feb;88(428):116-7.
doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1999.tb14368.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10102069" target="_blank">10102069</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8627462">Response to growth hormone in children with chondrodysplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Key LL Jr,
Gross AJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr</span>
1996 May;128(5 Pt 2):S14-7.
doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(96)70004-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8627462" target="_blank">8627462</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypochondroplasia%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (70)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33051983">Earlier detection of hypochondroplasia: A large single-center UK case series and systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sabir AH,
Sheikh J,
Singh A,
Morley E,
Cocca A,
Cheung MS,
Irving M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2021 Jan;185(1):73-82.
Epub 2020 Oct 14
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61912.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33051983" target="_blank">33051983</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24650027">The etiology of short stature affects the clinical outcome of lower limb lengthening using external fixation. A systematic review of 18 trials involving 547 patients.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kim SJ,
Pierce W,
Sabharwal S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Orthop</span>
2014 Apr;85(2):181-6.
doi: 10.3109/17453674.2014.899856.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24650027" target="_blank">24650027</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3967262" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Hypochondroplasia%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2)</a></div></div>
</div>
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<!-- MedGen supplemental column starts here -->
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_106">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Genetic_Testing_Registry">Genetic Testing Registry</h1><a sid="106" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0410529%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (46)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0410529%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F18" target="_blank">Mutation scanning of select exons (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0410529%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F17" target="_blank">Mutation scanning of the entire coding region (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0410529%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F9" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of select exons (3)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0410529%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (61)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0410529%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (27)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0410529%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (73)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=146000" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=429" target="_blank">Orphanet</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Hypochondroplasia" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22hypochondroplasia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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