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<meta name="keywords" content="C0746102, chronic lung disease, chronic lung disorder, disease or syndrome, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="According to the definitions of the American and British Thoracic Societies, including pulmonary functional tests, X-rays, and CT scans for items such as fibrosis, bronchiectasis, bullae, emphysema, nodular or lymphomatous abnormalities." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=196656
ConceptID=C0746102
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Chronic lung disease</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>196656</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0746102</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>Chronic Lung Disease; Chronic Lung Disorder</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Chronic lung disease (413839001)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0006528">HP:0006528</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">According to the definitions of the American and British Thoracic Societies, including pulmonary functional tests, X-rays, and CT scans for items such as fibrosis, bronchiectasis, bullae, emphysema, nodular or lymphomatous abnormalities. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0746102[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=196656">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=196656" ref="ncbi_uid=196656">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Chronic lung disease</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866322" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the respiratory system">Abnormality of the respiratory system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/220360" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal respiratory system physiology">Abnormal respiratory system physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Chronic lung disease</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/2109" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Asthma">Asthma</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/230819" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Aspirin-induced asthma">Aspirin-induced asthma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871595" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome">Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/57842" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Chronic Obstructive Asthma">Chronic Obstructive Asthma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/437" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Exercise-induced asthma">Exercise-induced asthma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/452342" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen 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Silicotuberculosis">Silicotuberculosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/83300" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Slate pneumoconiosis">Slate pneumoconiosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/11028" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pulmonary fibrosis">Pulmonary fibrosis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1778266" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bilateral apical pulmonary fibrosis">Bilateral apical pulmonary fibrosis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/573414" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bilateral basilar pulmonary fibrosis">Bilateral basilar pulmonary fibrosis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/167847" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Diffuse pulmonary fibrosis">Diffuse pulmonary fibrosis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/321462" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis">Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/39340" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acute interstitial pneumonia">Acute interstitial pneumonia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/389939" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia">Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/137936" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Localized pulmonary fibrosis">Localized pulmonary fibrosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/19873" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pulmonary sarcoidosis">Pulmonary sarcoidosis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/11197" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Respiratory insufficiency">Respiratory insufficiency</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1387" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Airway obstruction">Airway obstruction</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1787242" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Irreversible airflow obstruction">Irreversible airflow obstruction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/10266" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Nasal obstruction present">Nasal obstruction present</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/65143" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Obstruction of bronchus">Obstruction of bronchus</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/83303" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Obstruction of trachea">Obstruction of trachea</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1779583" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Reversible airflow obstruction">Reversible airflow obstruction</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/149266" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Upper airway obstruction">Upper airway obstruction</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/929412" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Brief resolved unexplained event">Brief resolved unexplained event</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/66205" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome">Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/469022" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypoventilation">Hypoventilation</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/812169" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Central hypoventilation">Central hypoventilation</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/375548" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Episodic hypoventilation">Episodic hypoventilation</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/18472" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Extreme obesity with alveolar hypoventilation">Extreme obesity with alveolar hypoventilation</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/375246" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Nocturnal hypoventilation">Nocturnal hypoventilation</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/786098" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intercostal muscle weakness">Intercostal muscle weakness</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/6674" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Laryngeal granuloma">Laryngeal granuloma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/924182" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Neonatal respiratory distress">Neonatal respiratory distress</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/2469" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Neonatal asphyxia">Neonatal asphyxia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/69231" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Positive-Pressure Respiration, Intrinsic">Positive-Pressure Respiration, Intrinsic</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/91" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Respiratory acidosis">Respiratory acidosis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/541159" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acute respiratory acidosis">Acute respiratory acidosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/57878" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Respiratory arrest">Respiratory arrest</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/154664" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cardiorespiratory arrest">Cardiorespiratory arrest</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/257837" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Respiratory failure">Respiratory failure</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/75540" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acute respiratory failure">Acute respiratory failure</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/20539" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Congenital alveolar dysplasia">Congenital alveolar dysplasia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/768730" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Respiratory Failure Related to Central Nervous System Disorder">Respiratory Failure Related to Central Nervous System Disorder</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/768729" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Respiratory Failure Related to Neuromuscular Disorder">Respiratory Failure Related to Neuromuscular Disorder</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870821" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Respiratory failure requiring assisted ventilation">Respiratory failure requiring assisted ventilation</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1812214" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acute respiratory distress syndrome">Acute respiratory distress syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870643" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ventilator dependence with inability to wean">Ventilator dependence with inability to wean</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/19748" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Respiratory paralysis">Respiratory paralysis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/43209" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Restrictive lung disease">Restrictive lung disease</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1649262" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Sickle Cell Chronic Lung Disease">Sickle Cell Chronic Lung Disease</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/90935" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Somatoform autonomic dysfunction - respiratory tract">Somatoform autonomic dysfunction - respiratory tract</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_2685"><div><strong>Bloom syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>2685</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0005859</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Bloom syndrome (BSyn) is characterized by severe pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, immune abnormalities, sensitivity to sunlight, insulin resistance, and a high risk for many cancers that occur at an early age. Despite their very small head circumference, most affected individuals have normal intellectual ability. Women may be fertile but often have early menopause, and men tend to be infertile, with only one confirmed case of paternity. Serious medical complications that are more common than in the general population and that also appear at unusually early ages include cancer of a wide variety of types and anatomic sites, diabetes mellitus as a result of insulin resistance, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and hypothyroidism.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/2685">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_41393"><div><strong>Cystic fibrosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>41393</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0010674</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disease affecting epithelia of the respiratory tract, exocrine pancreas, intestine, hepatobiliary system, and exocrine sweat glands. Morbidities include recurrent sinusitis and bronchitis, progressive obstructive pulmonary disease with bronchiectasis, exocrine pancreatic deficiency and malnutrition, pancreatitis, gastrointestinal manifestations (meconium ileus, rectal prolapse, distal intestinal obstructive syndrome), liver disease, diabetes, male infertility due to hypoplasia or aplasia of the vas deferens, and reduced fertility or infertility in some women. Pulmonary disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in CF.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/41393">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_120647"><div><strong>Prolidase deficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>120647</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0268532</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Prolidase deficiency is characterized by skin lesions (typically severe, chronic, recalcitrant, and painful skin ulcers of the lower extremities and telangiectasias of the face and hands), recurrent infections (particularly of the skin and respiratory tract), dysmorphic facial features, variable intellectual disability, and organomegaly (typically splenomegaly but occasionally associated with hepatomegaly) with elevated liver enzymes. Skeletal anomalies, chronic pulmonary disease, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and hypocomplementemia are observed in a minority of affected individuals. An association between prolidase deficiency and autoimmune conditions particularly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been described.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/120647">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_461999"><div><strong>Syndromic multisystem autoimmune disease due to ITCH deficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>461999</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3150649</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Syndromic multisystem autoimmune disease due to Itch deficiency is a rare, genetic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by failure to thrive, global developmental delay, distinctive craniofacial dysmorphism (relative macrocephaly, dolichocephaly, frontal bossing, orbital proptosis, flattened midface with a prominent occiput, low, posteriorly rotated ears, micrognatia), hepato- and/or splenomegaly, and multisystemic autoimmune disease involving the lungs, liver, gut and/or thyroid gland.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/461999">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_462561"><div><strong>Osteogenesis imperfecta type 10</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>462561</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3151211</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) comprises a group of connective tissue disorders characterized by bone fragility and low bone mass. The disorder is clinically and genetically heterogeneous. OI type X is an autosomal recessive form characterized by multiple bone deformities and fractures, generalized osteopenia, dentinogenesis imperfecta, and blue sclera (Christiansen et al., 2010).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/462561">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_766426"><div><strong>Combined immunodeficiency due to LRBA deficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>766426</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3553512</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Common variable immunodeficiency-8 with autoimmunity is an autosomal recessive disorder of immune dysregulation. Affected individuals have early childhood onset of recurrent infections, particularly respiratory infections, and also develop variable autoimmune disorders, including idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and inflammatory bowel disease. The presentation and phenotype are highly variable, even within families (summary by Lopez-Herrera et al., 2012 and Alangari et al., 2012). Immunologic findings are also variable and may include decreased B cells, hypogammaglobulinemia, and deficiency of CD4+ T regulatory (Treg) cells (Charbonnier et al., 2015).&#13; For a general description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of common variable immunodeficiency, see CVID1 (607594).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/766426">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_894554"><div><strong>Cognitive impairment - coarse facies - heart defects - obesity - pulmonary involvement - short stature - skeletal dysplasia syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>894554</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4085597</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">CHOPS syndrome is a disorder involving multiple abnormalities that are present from birth (congenital). The name "CHOPS" is an abbreviation for a list of features of the disorder including cognitive impairment, coarse facial features, heart defects, obesity, lung (pulmonary) involvement, short stature, and skeletal abnormalities.\n\nChildren with CHOPS syndrome have intellectual disability and delayed development of skills such as sitting and walking. Characteristic facial features include a round face; thick hair; thick eyebrows that grow together in the middle (synophrys); wide-set, bulging eyes with long eyelashes; a short nose; and down-turned corners of the mouth.\n\nMost affected individuals are born with a heart defect called patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The ductus arteriosus is a connection between two major arteries, the aorta and the pulmonary artery. This connection is open during fetal development and normally closes shortly after birth. However, the ductus arteriosus remains open, or patent, in babies with PDA. If untreated, this heart defect causes infants to breathe rapidly, feed poorly, and gain weight slowly; in severe cases, it can lead to heart failure. Multiple heart abnormalities have sometimes been found in children with CHOPS syndrome. In addition to PDA, affected individuals may have ventricular septal defect, which is a defect in the muscular wall (septum) that separates the right and left sides of the heart's lower chamber.\n\nPeople with CHOPS syndrome have abnormalities of the throat and airways that cause momentary cessation of breathing while asleep (obstructive sleep apnea). These abnormalities can also cause affected individuals to breathe food or fluids into the lungs accidentally, which can lead to a potentially life-threatening bacterial lung infection (aspiration pneumonia) and chronic lung disease. Affected individuals are shorter than more than 97 percent of their peers and are overweight for their height. They also have skeletal differences including unusually short fingers and toes (brachydactyly) and abnormally-shaped spinal bones (vertebrae).\n\nOther features that can occur in CHOPS syndrome include a small head size (microcephaly); hearing loss; clouding of the lens of the eye (cataract); a single, horseshoe-shaped kidney; and, in affected males, undescended testes (cryptorchidism).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/894554">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_906509"><div><strong>Hyperphosphatasia with intellectual disability syndrome 6</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>906509</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4225201</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hyperphosphatasia with impaired intellectual development syndrome-6 (HPMRS6) is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder characterized by global developmental delay, dysmorphic features, seizures, and congenital cataracts. Severity is variable, and the disorder may show a range of phenotypic and biochemical abnormalities, including increased serum alkaline phosphatase levels (summary by Ilkovski et al., 2015). The disorder is caused by a defect in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthesis.&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of HPMRS, see HPMRS1 (239300).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of GPI biosynthesis defects, see GPIBD1 (610293).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/906509">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1384124"><div><strong>Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LAT deficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1384124</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4479588</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">IMD52 is an autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency with variable manifestations, including severe combined immunodeficiency, hematologic autoimmune disorders, progressive lymphopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia, and lymphoproliferation with splenomegaly. Patients develop severe recurrent infections from infancy, and most die without bone marrow transplantation. The variable clinical features result from a defect in T-cell receptor signaling (summary by Keller et al., 2016 and Bacchelli et al., 2017).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1384124">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1648306"><div><strong>Immunodeficiency 57</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1648306</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4748212</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1648306">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1648363"><div><strong>Ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 39</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1648363</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4748841</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Primary ciliary dyskinesia-39 (CILD39) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by chronic sinopulmonary infections beginning soon after birth and laterality defects in about 50% of patients. Although patient nasal ciliary samples have normal structure, detailed studies may show ciliary kinetic defects in some patients (summary by Bonnefoy et al., 2018).&#13; For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of primary ciliary dyskinesia, see 244400.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1648363">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1794177"><div><strong>DEGCAGS syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1794177</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5561967</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">DEGCAGS syndrome is an autosomal recessive syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay, coarse and dysmorphic facial features, and poor growth and feeding apparent from infancy. Affected individuals have variable systemic manifestations often with significant structural defects of the cardiovascular, genitourinary, gastrointestinal, and/or skeletal systems. Additional features may include sensorineural hearing loss, hypotonia, anemia or pancytopenia, and immunodeficiency with recurrent infections. Death in childhood may occur (summary by Bertoli-Avella et al., 2021).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1794177">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1823971"><div><strong>Primordial dwarfism-immunodeficiency-lipodystrophy syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1823971</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5774198</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Primordial dwarfism-immunodeficiency-lipodystrophy syndrome (PDIL) is characterized by pre- and postnatal growth restriction, with extreme microcephaly, short stature, and absence of subcutaneous fat. There is also significant hematologic/immune dysfunction, with hypo- or agammaglobulinemia, as well as lymphopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia, and most affected individuals succumb to infection in early childhood (Parry et al., 2020).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1823971">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1840915"><div><strong>Lymphatic malformation 13</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1840915</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5830279</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Lymphatic malformation-13 (LMPHM13) is characterized by the presence of nonimmune hydrops fetalis which often resolves with age. Capillary or cavernous hemangiomas are present in most patients, as are cardiac defects, often mild (Abdelrahman et al., 2018).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of lymphatic malformation, see 153100.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1840915">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_2685" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Bloom syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1648363" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 39</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_894554" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cognitive impairment - coarse facies - heart defects - obesity - pulmonary involvement - short stature - skeletal dysplasia syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_766426" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Combined immunodeficiency due to LRBA deficiency</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_41393" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cystic fibrosis</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (14)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1794177" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">DEGCAGS syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_906509" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyperphosphatasia with intellectual disability syndrome 6</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1648306" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Immunodeficiency 57</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1840915" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lymphatic malformation 13</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_462561" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Osteogenesis imperfecta type 10</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1823971" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Primordial dwarfism-immunodeficiency-lipodystrophy syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_120647" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Prolidase deficiency</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1384124" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Severe combined immunodeficiency due to LAT deficiency</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_461999" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Syndromic multisystem autoimmune disease due to ITCH deficiency</a></div></span></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37591300">Pulmonary hypertension associated with lung disease: new insights into pathomechanisms, diagnosis, and management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Olsson KM,
Corte TJ,
Kamp JC,
Montani D,
Nathan SD,
Neubert L,
Price LC,
Kiely DG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Respir Med</span>
2023 Sep;11(9):820-835.
Epub 2023 Aug 14
doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00259-X.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37591300" target="_blank">37591300</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36863329">European Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Respiratory Distress Syndrome: 2022 Update.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sweet DG,
Carnielli VP,
Greisen G,
Hallman M,
Klebermass-Schrehof K,
Ozek E,
Te Pas A,
Plavka R,
Roehr CC,
Saugstad OD,
Simeoni U,
Speer CP,
Vento M,
Visser GHA,
Halliday HL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neonatology</span>
2023;120(1):3-23.
Epub 2023 Feb 15
doi: 10.1159/000528914.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36863329" target="_blank">36863329</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10064400" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34670756">Diagnosis and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gilfillan M,
Bhandari A,
Bhandari V</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ</span>
2021 Oct 20;375:n1974.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.n1974.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34670756" target="_blank">34670756</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22chronic%20lung%20disease%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (426)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37085227">COVID-19 in Patients with Chronic Lung Disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Calver JF,
Fabbri L,
May J,
Jenkins RG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Chest Med</span>
2023 Jun;44(2):385-393.
Epub 2022 Nov 22
doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2022.11.013.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37085227" target="_blank">37085227</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9678841" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35197267">Neutrophil extracellular traps in chronic lung disease: implications for pathogenesis and therapy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Keir HR,
Chalmers JD</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Respir Rev</span>
2022 Mar 31;31(163)
Epub 2022 Feb 22
doi: 10.1183/16000617.0241-2021.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35197267" target="_blank">35197267</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9488971" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33494885">Pediatric Hemovigilance and Adverse Transfusion Reactions.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sostin N,
Hendrickson JE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Lab Med</span>
2021 Mar;41(1):51-67.
Epub 2020 Dec 23
doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2020.10.004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33494885" target="_blank">33494885</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24639412">Epidemiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jensen EA,
Schmidt B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol</span>
2014 Mar;100(3):145-57.
Epub 2014 Mar 17
doi: 10.1002/bdra.23235.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24639412" target="_blank">24639412</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8604158" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9443183">Epidemiology and classification of chronic lung disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ogawa Y,
Takasaki J,
Itakura Y,
Shimizu H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Pulmonol Suppl</span>
1997;16:25-6.
doi: 10.1002/ppul.1950230814.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9443183" target="_blank">9443183</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chronic%20lung%20disease%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (4153)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37982177">Multidisciplinary bronchopulmonary dysplasia care.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Miller AN,
Shepherd EG,
El-Ferzli G,
Nelin LD</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Expert Rev Respir Med</span>
2023 Jul-Dec;17(11):989-1002.
Epub 2023 Dec 26
doi: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2283120.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37982177" target="_blank">37982177</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37556670">Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: current diagnosis and treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Amaral AF,
Colares PFB,
Kairalla RA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Bras Pneumol</span>
2023;49(4):e20230085.
Epub 2023 Aug 7
doi: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20230085.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37556670" target="_blank">37556670</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10578906" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30548423">Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Colom AJ,
Teper AM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Pulmonol</span>
2019 Feb;54(2):212-219.
Epub 2018 Dec 12
doi: 10.1002/ppul.24221.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30548423" target="_blank">30548423</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27929206">Acute Bronchitis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kinkade S,
Long NA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am Fam Physician</span>
2016 Oct 1;94(7):560-565.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27929206" target="_blank">27929206</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24639412">Epidemiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jensen EA,
Schmidt B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol</span>
2014 Mar;100(3):145-57.
Epub 2014 Mar 17
doi: 10.1002/bdra.23235.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24639412" target="_blank">24639412</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8604158" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chronic%20lung%20disease%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1993)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39209478">Pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Maron BA,
Bortman G,
De Marco T,
Huston JH,
Lang IM,
Rosenkranz SH,
Vachiéry JL,
Tedford RJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Respir J</span>
2024 Oct;64(4)
Epub 2024 Oct 31
doi: 10.1183/13993003.01344-2024.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39209478" target="_blank">39209478</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11525340" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39209469">Pulmonary hypertension associated with lung diseases.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shlobin OA,
Adir Y,
Barbera JA,
Cottin V,
Harari S,
Jutant EM,
Pepke-Zaba J,
Ghofrani HA,
Channick R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Respir J</span>
2024 Oct;64(4)
Epub 2024 Oct 31
doi: 10.1183/13993003.01200-2024.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39209469" target="_blank">39209469</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11525344" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36634694">Efficacy of nirsevimab against respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections in preterm and term infants, and pharmacokinetic extrapolation to infants with congenital heart disease and chronic lung disease: a pooled analysis of randomised controlled trials.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Simões EAF,
Madhi SA,
Muller WJ,
Atanasova V,
Bosheva M,
Cabañas F,
Baca Cots M,
Domachowske JB,
Garcia-Garcia ML,
Grantina I,
Nguyen KA,
Zar HJ,
Berglind A,
Cummings C,
Griffin MP,
Takas T,
Yuan Y,
Wählby Hamrén U,
Leach A,
Villafana T</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Child Adolesc Health</span>
2023 Mar;7(3):180-189.
Epub 2023 Jan 9
doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(22)00321-2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36634694" target="_blank">36634694</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9940918" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34724174">Regdanvimab: First Approval.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Syed YY</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Drugs</span>
2021 Dec;81(18):2133-2137.
doi: 10.1007/s40265-021-01626-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34724174" target="_blank">34724174</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8558754" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9748190">Oxygen therapy in chronic lung disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rees PJ,
Dudley F</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ</span>
1998 Sep 26;317(7162):871-4.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.317.7162.871.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9748190" target="_blank">9748190</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1113951" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chronic%20lung%20disease%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2638)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38367641">Global disease burden of and risk factors for acute lower respiratory infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus in preterm infants and young children in 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated and individual participant data.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wang X,
Li Y,
Shi T,
Bont LJ,
Chu HY,
Zar HJ,
Wahi-Singh B,
Ma Y,
Cong B,
Sharland E,
Riley RD,
Deng J,
Figueras-Aloy J,
Heikkinen T,
Jones MH,
Liese JG,
Markić J,
Mejias A,
Nunes MC,
Resch B,
Satav A,
Yeo KT,
Simões EAF,
Nair H;
Respiratory Virus Global Epidemiology Network;
RESCEU investigators</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet</span>
2024 Mar 30;403(10433):1241-1253.
Epub 2024 Feb 14
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00138-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38367641" target="_blank">38367641</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28329897">Maternal, Labor, Delivery, and Perinatal Outcomes Associated with Placental Abruption: A Systematic Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Downes KL,
Grantz KL,
Shenassa ED</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Perinatol</span>
2017 Aug;34(10):935-957.
Epub 2017 Mar 22
doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1599149.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28329897" target="_blank">28329897</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5683164" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24639412">Epidemiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jensen EA,
Schmidt B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol</span>
2014 Mar;100(3):145-57.
Epub 2014 Mar 17
doi: 10.1002/bdra.23235.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24639412" target="_blank">24639412</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8604158" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21462844">Neonatal hypertension.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Flynn JT</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Med Liban</span>
2010 Jul-Sep;58(3):149-55.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21462844" target="_blank">21462844</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9443183">Epidemiology and classification of chronic lung disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ogawa Y,
Takasaki J,
Itakura Y,
Shimizu H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Pulmonol Suppl</span>
1997;16:25-6.
doi: 10.1002/ppul.1950230814.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9443183" target="_blank">9443183</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chronic%20lung%20disease%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2210)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38875260">Improving early diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sikdar O,
Harris C,
Greenough A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Expert Rev Respir Med</span>
2024 May;18(5):283-294.
Epub 2024 Jun 14
doi: 10.1080/17476348.2024.2367584.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38875260" target="_blank">38875260</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36732083">Air pollution associated with incidence and progression trajectory of chronic lung diseases: a population-based cohort study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wang X,
Chen L,
Cai M,
Tian F,
Zou H,
Qian ZM,
Zhang Z,
Li H,
Wang C,
Howard SW,
Peng Y,
Zhang L,
Bingheim E,
Lin H,
Zou Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Thorax</span>
2023 Jul;78(7):698-705.
Epub 2023 Feb 2
doi: 10.1136/thorax-2022-219489.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36732083" target="_blank">36732083</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35195025">Digital habits of pulmonary rehabilitation service-users following the COVID-19 pandemic.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Polgar O,
Patel S,
Walsh JA,
Barker RE,
Ingram KA,
Kon SS,
Man WD,
Nolan CM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Chron Respir Dis</span>
2022 Jan-Dec;19:14799731221075647.
doi: 10.1177/14799731221075647.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35195025" target="_blank">35195025</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8872816" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30720481">Understanding the Pathophysiology, Implications, and Treatment Options of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in the Neonatal Population.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Conrad C,
Newberry D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Adv Neonatal Care</span>
2019 Jun;19(3):179-187.
doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000590.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30720481" target="_blank">30720481</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21881144">Pulmonary aspergillosis: a clinical review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kousha M,
Tadi R,
Soubani AO</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Respir Rev</span>
2011 Sep 1;20(121):156-74.
doi: 10.1183/09059180.00001011.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21881144" target="_blank">21881144</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9584108" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chronic%20lung%20disease%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2101)</a></div></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38367641">Global disease burden of and risk factors for acute lower respiratory infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus in preterm infants and young children in 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated and individual participant data.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wang X,
Li Y,
Shi T,
Bont LJ,
Chu HY,
Zar HJ,
Wahi-Singh B,
Ma Y,
Cong B,
Sharland E,
Riley RD,
Deng J,
Figueras-Aloy J,
Heikkinen T,
Jones MH,
Liese JG,
Markić J,
Mejias A,
Nunes MC,
Resch B,
Satav A,
Yeo KT,
Simões EAF,
Nair H;
Respiratory Virus Global Epidemiology Network;
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet</span>
2024 Mar 30;403(10433):1241-1253.
Epub 2024 Feb 14
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00138-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38367641" target="_blank">38367641</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37329765">The effect of digital interventions on related health literacy and skills for individuals living with chronic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Verweel L,
Newman A,
Michaelchuk W,
Packham T,
Goldstein R,
Brooks D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Med Inform</span>
2023 Sep;177:105114.
Epub 2023 Jun 8
doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2023.105114.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37329765" target="_blank">37329765</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36244600">Global trends of pulmonary infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria: a systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dahl VN,
Mølhave M,
Fløe A,
van Ingen J,
Schön T,
Lillebaek T,
Andersen AB,
Wejse C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Infect Dis</span>
2022 Dec;125:120-131.
Epub 2022 Oct 13
doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.10.013.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36244600" target="_blank">36244600</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28329897">Maternal, Labor, Delivery, and Perinatal Outcomes Associated with Placental Abruption: A Systematic Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Downes KL,
Grantz KL,
Shenassa ED</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Perinatol</span>
2017 Aug;34(10):935-957.
Epub 2017 Mar 22
doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1599149.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28329897" target="_blank">28329897</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5683164" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28321847">Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Roberts D,
Brown J,
Medley N,
Dalziel SR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cochrane Database Syst Rev</span>
2017 Mar 21;3(3):CD004454.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004454.pub3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28321847" target="_blank">28321847</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6464568" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Chronic%20lung%20disease%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (328)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0746102%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (8)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0746102%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (8)</a></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22chronic%20lung%20disease%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Chronic%20lung%20disease%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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