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<!--
UID=10807
ConceptID=C0032231
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Pleuritis</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10807</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0032231</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>Pleurisy</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Pleurisy (196075003); Pleuritis (196075003)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002102">HP:0002102</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0000986" target="_blank">MONDO:0000986</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Inflammation of the pleura. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline">Pleuritis</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866322" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the respiratory system">Abnormality of the respiratory system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/220360" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal respiratory system physiology">Abnormal respiratory system physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868593" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal respiratory system morphology">Abnormal respiratory system morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/892303" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the lung">Abnormality of the lung</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871243" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal pleura morphology">Abnormal pleura morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Pleuritis</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/22517" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pleural tuberculosis">Pleural tuberculosis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/4929" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tuberculous empyema">Tuberculous empyema</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/18524" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pleuropneumonia">Pleuropneumonia</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_6146"><div><strong>Systemic lupus erythematosus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6146</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0024141</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by production of autoantibodies against nuclear, cytoplasmic, and cell surface molecules that transcend organ-specific boundaries. Tissue deposition of antibodies or immune complexes induces inflammation and subsequent injury of multiple organs and finally results in clinical manifestations of SLE, including glomerulonephritis, dermatitis, thrombosis, vasculitis, seizures, and arthritis. Evidence strongly suggests the involvement of genetic components in SLE susceptibility (summary by Oishi et al., 2008).&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus&#13; An autosomal recessive form of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLEB16; 614420) is caused by mutation in the DNASE1L3 gene (602244) on chromosome 3p14.3. An X-linked dominant form of SLE (SLEB17; 301080) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the TLR7 gene (300365) on chromosome Xp22.&#13; See MAPPING and MOLECULAR GENETICS sections for a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of susceptibility to SLE.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6146">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_45811"><div><strong>Familial Mediterranean fever</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>45811</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0031069</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is divided into two phenotypes: type 1 and type 2. FMF type 1 is characterized by recurrent short episodes of inflammation and serositis including fever, peritonitis, synovitis, pleuritis, and, rarely, pericarditis and meningitis. The symptoms and severity vary among affected individuals, sometimes even among members of the same family. Amyloidosis, which can lead to kidney failure, is the most severe complication, if untreated. FMF type 2 is characterized by amyloidosis as the first clinical manifestation of FMF in an otherwise asymptomatic individual.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/45811">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_226899"><div><strong>TNF receptor-associated periodic fever syndrome (TRAPS)</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>226899</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1275126</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">TNF receptor-associated periodic fever syndrome (TRAPS) is characterized by episodes of inflammation typically occurring every four to six weeks and lasting between five and 25 days. Flares may be prompted by stress, infection, trauma, hormonal changes, and vaccination. Symptoms may include fever, abdominal pain, arthralgia, myalgia, migratory rash, and eye inflammation, with variable severity. Symptoms often begin in early childhood (median age 4.3 years), though symptom onset can occur later in life. During a flare, acute-phase reactants such as C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and serum amyloid A are typically elevated. Generally, acute-phase reactants stabilize between flares but may remain somewhat elevated even in the absence of clinical symptoms. AA amyloidosis, the most severe sequela of TRAPS, can largely be avoided with adequate treatment. Proteinuria and kidney failure occur in 80%-90% of affected individuals with amyloidosis, while intestinal, thyroid, myocardium, liver, and spleen deposits are less common.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/226899">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_332086"><div><strong>Systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 6</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>332086</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1835919</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">SLE may first appear as extreme tiredness (fatigue), a vague feeling of discomfort or illness (malaise), fever, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Most affected individuals also have joint pain, typically affecting the same joints on both sides of the body, and muscle pain and weakness. Skin problems are common in SLE. A characteristic feature is a flat red rash across the cheeks and bridge of the nose, called a "butterfly rash" because of its shape. The rash, which generally does not hurt or itch, often appears or becomes more pronounced when exposed to sunlight. Other skin problems that may occur in SLE include calcium deposits under the skin (calcinosis), damaged blood vessels (vasculitis) in the skin, and tiny red spots called petechiae. Petechiae are caused by a shortage of cells involved in clotting (platelets), which leads to bleeding under the skin. Affected individuals may also have hair loss (alopecia) and open sores (ulcerations) in the moist lining (mucosae) of the mouth, nose, or, less commonly, the genitals.\n\nSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic disease that causes inflammation in connective tissues, such as cartilage and the lining of blood vessels, which provide strength and flexibility to structures throughout the body. The signs and symptoms of SLE vary among affected individuals, and can involve many organs and systems, including the skin, joints, kidneys, lungs, central nervous system, and blood-forming (hematopoietic) system. SLE is one of a large group of conditions called autoimmune disorders that occur when the immune system attacks the body's own tissues and organs.\n\nAbout a third of people with SLE develop kidney disease (nephritis). Heart problems may also occur in SLE, including inflammation of the sac-like membrane around the heart (pericarditis) and abnormalities of the heart valves, which control blood flow in the heart. Heart disease caused by fatty buildup in the blood vessels (atherosclerosis), which is very common in the general population, is even more common in people with SLE. The inflammation characteristic of SLE can also damage the nervous system, and may result in abnormal sensation and weakness in the limbs (peripheral neuropathy); seizures; stroke; and difficulty processing, learning, and remembering information (cognitive impairment). Anxiety and depression are also common in SLE.\n\nPeople with SLE have episodes in which the condition gets worse (exacerbations) and other times when it gets better (remissions). Overall, SLE gradually gets worse over time, and damage to the major organs of the body can be life-threatening.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/332086">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_341987"><div><strong>Familial Mediterranean fever, autosomal dominant</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341987</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C1851347</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is divided into two phenotypes: type 1 and type 2. FMF type 1 is characterized by recurrent short episodes of inflammation and serositis including fever, peritonitis, synovitis, pleuritis, and, rarely, pericarditis and meningitis. The symptoms and severity vary among affected individuals, sometimes even among members of the same family. Amyloidosis, which can lead to kidney failure, is the most severe complication, if untreated. FMF type 2 is characterized by amyloidosis as the first clinical manifestation of FMF in an otherwise asymptomatic individual.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341987">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_811223"><div><strong>Granulomatosis with polyangiitis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>811223</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3495801</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, formerly termed Wegener granulomatosis, is a systemic disease with a complex genetic background. It is characterized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation of the upper and lower respiratory tract, glomerulonephritis, vasculitis, and the presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmatic autoantibodies (ANCAs) in patient sera. These ANCAs are antibodies to a defined target antigen, proteinase-3 (PR3, PRTN3; 177020), which is present within primary azurophil granules of neutrophils (PMNs) and lysozymes of monocytes. On cytokine priming of PMNs, PR3 translocates to the cell surface, where PR3-ANCAs can interact with their antigens and activate PMNs. PMNs from patients with active GPA express PR3 on their surface, produce respiratory burst, and release proteolytic enzymes after activation with PR3-ANCAs. The consequence is a self-sustaining inflammatory process (Jagiello et al., 2004).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/811223">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_934587"><div><strong>Yao syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>934587</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4310620</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Yao syndrome (YAOS) is an autoinflammatory disease characterized by periodic fever, dermatitis, arthritis, and swelling of the distal extremities, as well as gastrointestinal and sicca-like symptoms. The disorder is associated with specific NOD2 variants (and Shen, 2017).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/934587">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_45811" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Familial Mediterranean fever</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_341987" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Familial Mediterranean fever, autosomal dominant</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_811223" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Granulomatosis with polyangiitis</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_6146" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Systemic lupus erythematosus</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_332086" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 6</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_226899" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">TNF receptor-associated periodic fever syndrome (TRAPS)</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_934587" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Yao syndrome</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39060018">ERS statement on benign pleural effusions in adults.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sundaralingam A,
Grabczak EM,
Burra P,
Costa MI,
George V,
Harriss E,
Jankowska EA,
Janssen JP,
Karpathiou G,
Laursen CB,
Maceviciute K,
Maskell N,
Mei F,
Nagavci B,
Panou V,
Pinelli V,
Porcel JM,
Ricciardi S,
Shojaee S,
Welch H,
Zanetto A,
Udayaraj UP,
Cardillo G,
Rahman NM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Respir J</span>
2024 Dec;64(6)
Epub 2024 Jul 26
doi: 10.1183/13993003.02307-2023.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39060018" target="_blank">39060018</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30278876">Broadening the Differential Diagnosis of IgG4-Related Pleuritis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jolobe OMP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Sci</span>
2019 Jan;357(1):81-82.
Epub 2018 Aug 6
doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2018.08.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30278876" target="_blank">30278876</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23062091">Acute kidney injury: a guide to diagnosis and management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rahman M,
Shad F,
Smith MC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am Fam Physician</span>
2012 Oct 1;86(7):631-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23062091" target="_blank">23062091</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22pleuritis%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (71)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28675998">Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tselios K,
Urowitz MB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Rheumatol Rev</span>
2017;13(3):206-218.
doi: 10.2174/1573397113666170704102444.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28675998" target="_blank">28675998</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24924605">The impact of familial Mediterranean fever on reproductive system.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yanmaz MN,
Özcan AJ,
Savan K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Rheumatol</span>
2014;33(10):1385-8.
Epub 2014 Jun 14
doi: 10.1007/s10067-014-2709-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24924605" target="_blank">24924605</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23062091">Acute kidney injury: a guide to diagnosis and management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rahman M,
Shad F,
Smith MC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am Fam Physician</span>
2012 Oct 1;86(7):631-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23062091" target="_blank">23062091</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21547384">Coexistence of vasculitides with familial Mediterranean fever.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Aksu K,
Keser G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Rheumatol Int</span>
2011 Oct;31(10):1263-74.
Epub 2011 Mar 10
doi: 10.1007/s00296-011-1840-z.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21547384" target="_blank">21547384</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8990621">Pyothorax-associated lymphoma.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Aozasa K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Hematol</span>
1996 Dec;65(1):9-16.
doi: 10.1016/s0925-5710(96)00532-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8990621" target="_blank">8990621</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pleuritis%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (475)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34774172">Pleural Tuberculosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shaw JA,
Koegelenberg CFN</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Chest Med</span>
2021 Dec;42(4):649-666.
doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2021.08.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34774172" target="_blank">34774172</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28675998">Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tselios K,
Urowitz MB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Rheumatol Rev</span>
2017;13(3):206-218.
doi: 10.2174/1573397113666170704102444.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28675998" target="_blank">28675998</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27514601">Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease and the Lung.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ryu JH,
Yi ES</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Chest Med</span>
2016 Sep;37(3):569-78.
Epub 2016 Jun 10
doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2016.04.017.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27514601" target="_blank">27514601</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2200144">Rheumatoid pleuritis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Graham WR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">South Med J</span>
1990 Aug;83(8):973-5.
doi: 10.1097/00007611-199008000-00030.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2200144" target="_blank">2200144</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/49743">Drug-induced pseudolupus.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Grob PJ,
Müller-Schoop JW,
Häcki MA,
Joller-Jemelka HI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet</span>
1975 Jul 26;2(7926):144-8.
doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)90055-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/49743" target="_blank">49743</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pleuritis%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (778)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38547917">Pleural Diseases in Connective Tissue Diseases.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Guo H,
Iqbal B,
Rahman NM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Semin Respir Crit Care Med</span>
2024 Jun;45(3):305-315.
Epub 2024 Mar 28
doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1782612.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38547917" target="_blank">38547917</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27514601">Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease and the Lung.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ryu JH,
Yi ES</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Chest Med</span>
2016 Sep;37(3):569-78.
Epub 2016 Jun 10
doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2016.04.017.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27514601" target="_blank">27514601</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8990621">Pyothorax-associated lymphoma.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Aozasa K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Hematol</span>
1996 Dec;65(1):9-16.
doi: 10.1016/s0925-5710(96)00532-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8990621" target="_blank">8990621</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2200144">Rheumatoid pleuritis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Graham WR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">South Med J</span>
1990 Aug;83(8):973-5.
doi: 10.1097/00007611-199008000-00030.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2200144" target="_blank">2200144</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/49743">Drug-induced pseudolupus.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Grob PJ,
Müller-Schoop JW,
Häcki MA,
Joller-Jemelka HI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet</span>
1975 Jul 26;2(7926):144-8.
doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)90055-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/49743" target="_blank">49743</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pleuritis%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (385)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39060018">ERS statement on benign pleural effusions in adults.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sundaralingam A,
Grabczak EM,
Burra P,
Costa MI,
George V,
Harriss E,
Jankowska EA,
Janssen JP,
Karpathiou G,
Laursen CB,
Maceviciute K,
Maskell N,
Mei F,
Nagavci B,
Panou V,
Pinelli V,
Porcel JM,
Ricciardi S,
Shojaee S,
Welch H,
Zanetto A,
Udayaraj UP,
Cardillo G,
Rahman NM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Respir J</span>
2024 Dec;64(6)
Epub 2024 Jul 26
doi: 10.1183/13993003.02307-2023.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39060018" target="_blank">39060018</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34774172">Pleural Tuberculosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shaw JA,
Koegelenberg CFN</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Chest Med</span>
2021 Dec;42(4):649-666.
doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2021.08.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34774172" target="_blank">34774172</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28675998">Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tselios K,
Urowitz MB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Rheumatol Rev</span>
2017;13(3):206-218.
doi: 10.2174/1573397113666170704102444.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28675998" target="_blank">28675998</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23062091">Acute kidney injury: a guide to diagnosis and management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rahman M,
Shad F,
Smith MC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am Fam Physician</span>
2012 Oct 1;86(7):631-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23062091" target="_blank">23062091</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17764063">Sjögren's Syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Papiris SA,
Tsonis IA,
Moutsopoulos HM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Semin Respir Crit Care Med</span>
2007 Aug;28(4):459-71.
doi: 10.1055/s-2007-985667.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17764063" target="_blank">17764063</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pleuritis%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (378)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38548942">Ocular and orbital manifestations in VEXAS syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Abumanhal M,
Leibovitch I,
Zisapel M,
Eviatar T,
Edel Y,
Ben Cnaan R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eye (Lond)</span>
2024 Jun;38(9):1748-1754.
Epub 2024 Mar 28
doi: 10.1038/s41433-024-03014-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38548942" target="_blank">38548942</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11156927" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30511549">Polyarteritis nodosa in case of familial Mediterranean fever.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gökçe İ,
Altuntaş Ü,
Filinte D,
Alpay H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Turk J Pediatr</span>
2018;60(3):326-330.
doi: 10.24953/turkjped.2018.03.016.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30511549" target="_blank">30511549</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30004629">What is the significance of non-specific pleuritis? A trick question.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Janssen J,
Maldonado F,
Metintas M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Respir J</span>
2018 Sep;12(9):2407-2410.
doi: 10.1111/crj.12940.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30004629" target="_blank">30004629</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29021638">Real-time PCR assay for the diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Casallas-Rivera MA,
Cárdenas Bernal AM,
Giraldo-Cadavid LF,
Prieto Diago E,
Santander SP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Colomb Med (Cali)</span>
2017 Jun 30;48(2):47-52.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29021638" target="_blank">29021638</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5625560" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27983684">Lung Involvement in Children with Hereditary Autoinflammatory Disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tarantino G,
Esposito S,
Andreozzi L,
Bracci B,
D'Errico F,
Rigante D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
2016 Dec 15;17(12)
doi: 10.3390/ijms17122111.
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<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pleuritis%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (316)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gong X,
He Y,
Zhou K,
Hua Y,
Li Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Cell Infect Microbiol</span>
2023;13:1149741.
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doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1149741.
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36335889">Nontuberculous mycobacteria infections of the pleura: A systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bachar K,
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Segel MJ</span><br />
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2022 Dec;205:107036.
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35392755">Spontaneous bacterial empyema: a tertiary care center experience and a systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Osman KT,
Mehta N,
Spencer C,
Qamar AA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol</span>
2022 May;16(5):487-492.
Epub 2022 Apr 18
doi: 10.1080/17474124.2022.2064274.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35392755" target="_blank">35392755</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34818238">Differences in the Clinical Manifestations and Mortality of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Onset in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Huang X,
Jia N,
Xiao F,
Sun C,
Zhu J,
Lai J,
Cui X</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int Arch Allergy Immunol</span>
2022;183(1):116-126.
Epub 2021 Sep 27
doi: 10.1159/000518321.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34818238" target="_blank">34818238</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15102325">Nucleic acid amplification tests in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pai M,
Flores LL,
Hubbard A,
Riley LW,
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMC Infect Dis</span>
2004 Feb 23;4:6.
doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-4-6.
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