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</div><div><span>Molluscum contagiosum</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Molluscum contagiosum</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection that causes raised, pearl-like <a test="test" href="./003233.htm">papules</a> or <a test="test" href="./003230.htm">nodules</a> on the skin.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Molluscum contagiosum is caused by a virus that is a member of the poxvirus family. You can get the infection in different ways.</p><p>This is a common infection in children and occurs when a child comes into direct contact with a skin lesion or an object that has the virus on it. (A skin lesion is an abnormal area of skin.) The infection is most often seen on the face, neck, armpit, arms, and hands. However, it can occur anywhere on the body, except it is rarely seen on the palms and soles.</p><p>The virus can spread through contact with contaminated objects, such as towels, clothing, or toys.</p><p>The virus also spreads by sexual contact. Early lesions on the genitals may be mistaken for <a test="test" href="./000857.htm">herpes</a> or <a test="test" href="./000886.htm">warts</a>. Unlike herpes, these lesions are painless.</p><p>People with a weakened immune system (due to conditions such as <a test="test" href="./000594.htm">HIV/AIDS</a>) or severe eczema may have a rapidly spreading case of molluscum contagiosum.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>The infection on the skin begins as a small, painless papule, or bump. It may become raised to a pearly, flesh-colored nodule. The papule often has a dimple in the center. Scratching or other irritation causes the virus to spread in a line or in groups, called crops.</p><p>The papules are about 2 to 5 millimeters wide. Usually, there is no inflammation (swelling and redness) and no redness unless they have been irritated by rubbing or scratching.</p><p>In adults, the lesions are commonly seen on the genitals, abdomen, and inner thigh.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your health care provider will examine your skin and ask about your symptoms. Diagnosis is based on the appearance of the lesion.</p><p>If needed, the diagnosis can be confirmed by removing one of the lesions to check for the virus under a microscope.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>In people with a healthy immune system, the disorder usually goes away on its own over months to years. But the lesions can spread before they go away. Although it's not necessary for a child to be treated, schools or daycare centers may ask parents that the child be treated to prevent spread to other children.</p><p>Individual lesions may be removed with minor surgery. This is done by scraping, de-coring, freezing, or through needle electrosurgery. Laser treatment may also be used. Surgical removal of individual lesions may sometimes result in scarring.</p><p>Medicines, such as salicylic acid preparations used to remove warts, may be helpful. Cantharidin is the most common solution used to treat the lesions in the provider's office. Tretinoin cream or imiquimod cream may also be prescribed.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Molluscum contagiosum lesions may persist from a few months to a few years. They eventually disappear without scarring, unless there has been excessive scratching, which may leave scars or discoloration.</p><p>The disorder may persist in people with a <a test="test" href="./000818.htm">weakened immune system</a>.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Possible Complications</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Problems that can occur include any of the following:</p><ul><li>Persistence, spread, or recurrence of lesions</li><li>Secondary bacterial skin infections (rare)</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Call for an appointment with your provider if:</p><ul><li>You have a skin problem that looks like molluscum contagiosum</li><li>Molluscum contagiosum lesions persist or spread, or if new symptoms appear
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</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Prevention</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-8" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-8"><p>Avoid direct contact with the skin lesions of people who have molluscum contagiosum. Do not share towels or other personal items, such as razors and make-up, with other people.</p><p>Male and female condoms can't fully protect you from getting molluscum contagiosum from a partner, as the virus can be on areas not covered by the condom. Even so, condoms should still be used every time the disease status of a sexual partner is unknown. Condoms reduce your chances of getting or spreading molluscum contagiosum and other STDs.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1379t.jpg" alt="Molluscum contagiosum - close-up" title="Molluscum contagiosum - close-up" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1379.htm">Molluscum contagiosum - close-up</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1380t.jpg" alt="Molluscum contagiosum - close-up of the chest" title="Molluscum contagiosum - close-up of the chest" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1380.htm">Molluscum contagiosum - close-up of the chest</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2441t.jpg" alt="Molluscum on the chest" title="Molluscum on the chest" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2441.htm">Molluscum on the chest</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2442t.jpg" alt="Molluscum - microscopic appearance" title="Molluscum - microscopic appearance" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2442.htm">Molluscum - microscopic appearance</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2885t.jpg" alt="Molluscum contagiosum on the face" title="Molluscum contagiosum on the face" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2885.htm">Molluscum contagiosum on the face</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Guzman AK, Cohen SR. Molluscum contagiosum. In: Lebwohl MG, Heymann WR, Coulson IH, Murrell DF, eds.<em> Treatment of Skin Disease: Comprehensive Therapeutic Strategies</em>. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 156.</p><p>James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM. Viral diseases. In: James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM, eds. <em>Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology</em>. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 19.</p><p>Patterson JW. Viral diseases. In: Patterson JW, ed. <em>Weedon's Skin Pathology</em>. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Limited; 2021:chap 27.</p></div></div></section>
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