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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Tabes dorsalis</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Tabes dorsalis is a complication of untreated <a test="test" href="./000861.htm">syphilis</a> that involves muscle weakness and abnormal sensations.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Tabes dorsalis is a form of <a test="test" href="./000703.htm">neurosyphilis</a>, which is a complication of late stage syphilis infection. Syphilis is a bacterial infection that is spread sexually.</p><p>When syphilis is untreated, the bacteria may damage the spinal cord and <a test="test" href="./002273.htm">peripheral</a> nervous tissue. This leads to the symptoms of tabes dorsalis.</p><p>Tabes dorsalis is now very rare because syphilis is usually treated early in the disease.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Symptoms of tabes dorsalis are caused by damage to the nervous system. Symptoms include any of the following:</p><ul><li>Abnormal sensations (<a test="test" href="./003206.htm">paresthesia</a>), often called "lightning pains"</li><li>Problems walking due to nerve damage causing the person to walk with the legs far apart and feet slapping the ground</li><li>Loss of coordination and reflexes</li><li>Joint damage, especially of the knees</li><li>Muscle weakness</li><li>Vision changes</li><li>Bladder control problems</li><li>Sexual function problems</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>The health care provider will perform a <a test="test" href="./002274.htm">physical exam</a>, focusing on the nervous system.</p><p>If syphilis infection is suspected, tests may include the following:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./003623.htm">Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./003786.htm">Head CT</a>, <a test="test" href="./003787.htm">spine CT</a>, or <a test="test" href="./003335.htm">MRI</a> scans of the brain and spinal cord to rule out other diseases</li><li><a test="test" href="./003515.htm">Serum VDRL</a> or serum <a test="test" href="./003533.htm">RPR</a> (used as a screening test for syphilis infection)</li></ul><p>If the serum VDRL or serum RPR test is positive, more tests are done to confirm the diagnosis.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>The goals of treatment are to cure the infection and slow the disease. Treating the infection helps prevent new nerve damage and may reduce symptoms. Treatment does not reverse existing nerve damage.</p><p>Medicines likely to be given include:</p><ul><li>Penicillin or other antibiotics for a long time to make sure the infection goes away</li><li>Painkillers to control pain</li></ul><p>Symptoms of existing nervous system damage need to be treated. People who are unable to eat, dress themselves, or take care of themselves may need help. Rehabilitation, physical therapy, and occupational therapy may help with muscle weakness.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Left untreated, tabes dorsalis may lead to disability.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Possible Complications</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Complications may include:</p><ul><li>Blindness</li><li>Paralysis </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Contact your provider if you have: </p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./003198.htm">Loss of coordination</a></li><li>Loss of muscle strength</li><li><a test="test" href="./003206.htm">Loss of sensation</a></li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Prevention</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-8" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-8"><p>Proper treatment and follow-up of syphilis infections reduces the risk of developing tabes dorsalis.</p><p>If you are sexually active, <a test="test" href="./001949.htm">practice safer sex</a> and always use a condom.</p><p>All pregnant women should be screened for syphilis.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Locomotor ataxia; Syphilitic myelopathy; Syphilitic myeloneuropathy; Myelopathy - syphilitic; Tabetic neurosyphilis</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/9678t.jpg" alt="Superficial anterior muscles" title="Superficial anterior muscles" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/9678.htm">Superficial anterior muscles</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/17266t.jpg" alt="Primary syphilis" title="Primary syphilis" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/17266.htm">Primary syphilis</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/8955t.jpg" alt="Late-stage syphilis" title="Late-stage syphilis" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/8955.htm">Late-stage syphilis</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Ghanem KG, Hook EW. Syphilis. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. <em>Goldman-Cecil Medicine</em>. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 303.</p><p>Radolf JD, Tramont EC, Salazar JC. Syphilis (<em>Treponema pallidum</em>). In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. <em>Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases</em>. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 237.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 9/10/2022</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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