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{"id":39622,"date":"2024-10-15T13:16:20","date_gmt":"2024-10-15T17:16:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/?p=39622"},"modified":"2024-12-12T13:39:02","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T18:39:02","slug":"profiles-in-science-risk-factors-measuring-and-rating-health-illness-and-mortality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/10\/15\/profiles-in-science-risk-factors-measuring-and-rating-health-illness-and-mortality\/","title":{"rendered":"Profiles in Science: Risk Factors: Measuring and Rating Health, Illness, and Mortality"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>By Christie Moffatt and Susan Speaker ~<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_39628\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-39628\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Dublin-e1729015714716.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"39628\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/10\/15\/profiles-in-science-risk-factors-measuring-and-rating-health-illness-and-mortality\/dublin\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Dublin-e1729015714716.jpg?fit=635%2C836&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"635,836\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}\" data-image-title=\"Dublin\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"<p>Dublin commented on the initial results of the public health department survey report funded by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, and noted other ways the collected data could be used.<\/p>\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Dublin-e1729015714716.jpg?fit=228%2C300&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Dublin-e1729015714716.jpg?fit=635%2C836&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-39628\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Dublin-e1729015714716.jpg?resize=400%2C527&ssl=1\" alt=\"Letter from Louis Dublin November 19, 1921\" width=\"400\" height=\"527\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Dublin-e1729015714716.jpg?w=635&ssl=1 635w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Dublin-e1729015714716.jpg?resize=228%2C300&ssl=1 228w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-39628\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Letter from Louis Dublin to Haley Fiske, November 19, 1921 <br \/>Dublin commented on the initial results of the public health department survey report funded by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, and noted other ways the collected data could be used. <br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/profiles.nlm.nih.gov\/spotlight\/risk-factors\/catalog\/nlm:nlmuid-9918573882206676X105-doc\"><em>Profiles in Science<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The National Library of Medicine recently launched a new thematic <em>Profiles in Science<\/em> site \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/profiles.nlm.nih.gov\/spotlight\/risk-factors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Risk Factors: Measuring and Rating Health, Illness, and Mortality<\/a>,\u201d which now joins 40+ existing <em>Profiles<\/em> collections exploring the stories of scientific discovery. \u00a0\u00a0This new collection presents a curated selection of historical materials from NLM\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/collections.nlm.nih.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Digital Collections<\/a>, including the <a href=\"https:\/\/findingaids.nlm.nih.gov\/repositories\/ammp\/resources\/dublin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Louis I. Dublin Papers<\/a>, aiming to introduce researchers, students, and educators to the development of health-related risk assessment beginning in the early 1800s through the 1950s. The collection includes a narrative \u201cStory,\u201d including a brief background on public health risk assessment followed by sections on the development of this field of health data collection and analysis, and a link to further resources, including <a href=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2016\/02\/23\/pubmed-central-visualizing-a-historical-treasure-trove\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">historical materials in NLM\u2019s PubMed Central (PMC)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Risk assessment whether formal or informal, is inherent in many individual and collective human activities. Seeking to identify potential hazards and vulnerabilities that could cause our endeavors to fail, we gather data and analyze it by applying our experience, knowledge, and in many cases, statistical tools. People then use the results to make decisions about all sorts of things: for example, investing or loaning money, setting life insurance premiums, accepting or rejecting applications for certain jobs, or changing public health and welfare policies. Formal risk assessment tools and practices, including medical statistics, evolved rapidly between the 1860s and the mid-twentieth century; a variety of individuals and institutions used and also modified such tools for a range of different purposes.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_39630\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-39630\" style=\"width: 840px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Hernia.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"39630\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/10\/15\/profiles-in-science-risk-factors-measuring-and-rating-health-illness-and-mortality\/hernia\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Hernia.jpg?fit=1034%2C719&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1034,719\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}\" data-image-title=\"Hernia\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"<p>The Provost-Marshal-General’s Office managed recruiting for the Union forces during the last two years of the Civil War (1863-1865), standardizing the medical exams and making other improvements to ensure better fitness in new troops. This process generated over a million detailed medical records, which after the war were compiled and analyzed to provide a valuable statistical profile of the physical and medical condition of American men. The published report included this map showing the prevalence of hernia in the various U.S. regions, based on exams of drafted men.<\/p>\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Hernia.jpg?fit=300%2C209&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Hernia.jpg?fit=840%2C584&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-39630 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Hernia.jpg?resize=840%2C584&ssl=1\" alt=\"Map illustrating prevalence of Hernia\" width=\"840\" height=\"584\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Hernia.jpg?resize=1024%2C712&ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Hernia.jpg?resize=300%2C209&ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Hernia.jpg?resize=768%2C534&ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Hernia.jpg?resize=840%2C584&ssl=1 840w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Hernia.jpg?w=1034&ssl=1 1034w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-39630\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maps-Plate XI in<em> Statistics, medical and anthropological, of the Provost-Marshal-General’s Bureau, derived from records of the examination for military service in the armies of the United States during the late war of the rebellion,<\/em> Vol 1, Part 2<br \/>The Provost-Marshal-General’s Office managed recruiting for the Union forces during the last two years of the Civil War (1863-1865), standardizing the medical exams and making other improvements to ensure better fitness in new troops. This process generated over a million detailed medical records, which after the war were compiled and analyzed to provide a valuable statistical profile of the physical and medical condition of American men. The published report included this map showing the prevalence of hernia in the various U.S. regions, based on exams of drafted men. <br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/profiles.nlm.nih.gov\/spotlight\/risk-factors\/catalog\/nlm:nlmuid-9918573882206676X15-doc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Profiles in Science<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The concept of medical \u201crisk factors\u201d came into more common use in the 1960s, after the first reports from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.framinghamheartstudy.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Framingham Heart Study<\/a> were published. The term referred to (and is currently understood as) various characteristics, conditions, or behaviors that can increase an individual\u2019s chances of suffering injury, illness, or death. But the term itself dates back to the late 1800s; and the development of health-related risk assessment began in the early 1800s, carried out by social reformers, early public health advocates, military doctors, and life insurance companies.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_39627\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-39627\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/StatisticalPerforatedCards.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"39627\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/10\/15\/profiles-in-science-risk-factors-measuring-and-rating-health-illness-and-mortality\/statisticalperforatedcards\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/StatisticalPerforatedCards.jpg?fit=527%2C840&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"527,840\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}\" data-image-title=\"StatisticalPerforatedCards\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"<p>An example of the Hollerith punch cards to which the Army’s anthropological data were entered for processing during and after World War I. <\/p>\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/StatisticalPerforatedCards.jpg?fit=188%2C300&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/StatisticalPerforatedCards.jpg?fit=527%2C840&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-39627\" title=\"Statistical Perforated Cards\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/StatisticalPerforatedCards.jpg?resize=400%2C638&ssl=1\" alt=\"Statistical Perforated Cards\" width=\"400\" height=\"638\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/StatisticalPerforatedCards.jpg?w=527&ssl=1 527w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/StatisticalPerforatedCards.jpg?resize=188%2C300&ssl=1 188w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-39627\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Page 63 of <em>The Medical Department of the United States Army in the World War,<\/em> Vol. 15 (Statistics), part 1 (Army Anthropology), Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1921-1929 <br \/>An example of the Hollerith punch cards to which the Army’s anthropological data were entered for processing during and after World War I. <br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/profiles.nlm.nih.gov\/spotlight\/risk-factors\/catalog\/nlm:nlmuid-9918573882206676X45-doc\"><em>Profiles in Science<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Historical exploration of the records of collection and analysis of health data can reveal stories that go beyond the statistics. Who was collecting the data, and for what purpose? What kinds of data were collected: How was the data analyzed, and how were conclusions drawn? How does this process reflect the sociocultural or political context of the time? What kinds of data were not collected, and what biases might their absence indicate?\u00a0 These questions are useful in understanding the past and endure as important questions about the health data we record, gather, and analyze today.<\/p>\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/profiles.nlm.nih.gov\/spotlight\/risk-factors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Risk Factors: Measuring and Rating Health, Illness, and Mortality<\/a>, visitors can learn about the history of health data gathering and analysis through exploration of a wide range of primary historical documents.\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/profiles.nlm.nih.gov\/spotlight\/risk-factors\/browse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Collection items<\/a> include instructions and forms to be used for gathering and recording data, geographic visualizations of data documenting the physical and medical condition of soldiers, reports synthesizing data gathered from sanitary inspections, images of tools and instruments for tabulating data, and correspondence of Louis Dublin, chief statistician for the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, showing the behind-the-scenes advocacy for the development and funding of public health initiatives by life insurance companies.<\/p>\n<div class=\"tiled-gallery type-rectangular tiled-gallery-unresized\" data-original-width=\"840\" data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":1,"permalink":"https:\\\/\\\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/15\\\/profiles-in-science-risk-factors-measuring-and-rating-health-illness-and-mortality\\\/","likes_blog_id":"52242398"}' itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageGallery\" > <div class=\"gallery-row\" style=\"width: 840px; height: 387px;\" data-original-width=\"840\" data-original-height=\"387\" > <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 387px; height: 387px;\" data-original-width=\"387\" data-original-height=\"387\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/10\/15\/profiles-in-science-risk-factors-measuring-and-rating-health-illness-and-mortality\/circular2\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"383\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"383\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"39631\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Circular2.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1000,1000\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}\" data-image-title=\"Circular 2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Circular2.jpg?fit=300%2C300&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Circular2.jpg?fit=840%2C840&ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Circular2.jpg?w=383&h=383&crop=1&ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Circular2.jpg?w=1000&ssl=1 1000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Circular2.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Circular2.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Circular2.jpg?resize=768%2C768&ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Circular2.jpg?resize=840%2C840&ssl=1 840w\" width=\"383\" height=\"383\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"383\" data-original-height=\"383\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Circular 2\" alt=\"Circular Number 2\" style=\"width: 383px; height: 383px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Under the direction of William Hammond, Army Surgeon General from 1862 through 1863, medical data gathering became an integral part of every medical officer\u2019s job, and helped commanders understand the relative strength of their forces and possible threats to their health. In Circular #2 Surgeon General William Hammond advised Union army physicians of new requirements for the weekly reports of sick and wounded troops. Circular. No. 2, May 21, 1862. Profiles in Science <a href=\"https:\/\/profiles.nlm.nih.gov\/9918573882206676X105\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/profiles.nlm.nih.gov\/9918573882206676X105<\/a> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 453px; height: 387px;\" data-original-width=\"453\" data-original-height=\"387\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/10\/15\/profiles-in-science-risk-factors-measuring-and-rating-health-illness-and-mortality\/ussc\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"449\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"383\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"39629\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/USSC.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"942,802\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}\" data-image-title=\"USSC\" data-image-description=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/USSC.jpg?fit=300%2C255&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/USSC.jpg?fit=840%2C715&ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/USSC.jpg?w=449&h=383&ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/USSC.jpg?w=942&ssl=1 942w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/USSC.jpg?resize=300%2C255&ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/USSC.jpg?resize=768%2C654&ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/USSC.jpg?resize=840%2C715&ssl=1 840w\" width=\"449\" height=\"383\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"449\" data-original-height=\"383\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"USSC\" alt=\"Sanitary Inspection Survey Map\" style=\"width: 449px; height: 383px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> In 1864, the New York Citizens Association, a coalition of civic and sanitary reformers, organized a sanitary survey of New York City. The data collected by 31 medical inspectors were condensed into a report published in 1865, including this account of the fourth district inspection. Maps-Plate XI of J. H. Baxter, Comp., Statistics, medical and anthropological, of the Provost-Marshal-General’s Bureau, derived from records of the examination for military service in the armies of the United States during the late war of the rebellion. Vol 1. Part 2, Charts and Maps. Profiles in Science <a href=\"https:\/\/profiles.nlm.nih.gov\/9918573882206676X105\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/profiles.nlm.nih.gov\/9918573882206676X105<\/a> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <\/div> <!-- close row --> <\/div>\n<p>We invite you to explore this history through the documents and visuals provided on the new <a href=\"https:\/\/profiles.nlm.nih.gov\/spotlight\/risk-factors\/\">Risk Factors: Measuring and Rating Health, Illness, and Mortality<\/a> <em>Profiles in Science<\/em> site.<\/p>\n<p><em>Profiles in Science\u00a0presents the lives and work of innovators in science, medicine, and public health through in-depth research, curation, and digitization of archival collection materials. National Library of Medicine (NLM) historians and archivists review, study, and select documents from the NLM\u2019s Archives and Modern Manuscript collections and collaborating institutions to bring the public biographical stories and direct access to supporting primary sources.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>In September 2023 NLM celebrated the 25<sup>th<\/sup> anniversary of <\/em><em>Profiles in Science<\/em><em>.\u00a0 Read more about the digital stewardship of this early an ongoing curation and digitization effort in <\/em><em>The American Archivist<\/em><em> \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17723\/2327-9702-86.2.617\">Innovation and Collaboration at the National Library of Medicine: Migrating Profiles in Science to a New Digital Platform for Development, Preservation, and Public Access<\/a>\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Christie Moffatt is an archivist in the Collection Branch, User Services and Collection Division of the National Library of Medicine and Chair of NLM\u2019s Web Collecting and Archiving Working Group.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Susan Speaker, PhD, is a historian recently retired from the User Services and Collection Division at the National Library of Medicine.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Christie Moffatt and Susan Speaker ~ The National Library of Medicine recently launched a new thematic Profiles in Science<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53041628,"featured_media":39805,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[12763],"tags":[12080,22379,5535849],"class_list":["post-39622","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-collections","tag-archives","tag-data","tag-profiles-in-science"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/StatisticalPerforatedCards_feature.jpg?fit=900%2C400&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3xcDk-aj4","jetpack-related-posts":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39622","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/53041628"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39622"}],"version-history":[{"count":50,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39622\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51355,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39622\/revisions\/51355"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39805"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39622"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39622"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39622"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}} |