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{"id":29473,"date":"2024-08-15T11:00:47","date_gmt":"2024-08-15T15:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/?p=29473"},"modified":"2024-09-19T11:04:29","modified_gmt":"2024-09-19T15:04:29","slug":"unveiling-the-manuscript-ms-a78-at-nlm-the-new-chemical-medicine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/08\/15\/unveiling-the-manuscript-ms-a78-at-nlm-the-new-chemical-medicine\/","title":{"rendered":"Unveiling the Manuscript MS A78 at NLM: The New Chemical Medicine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>By Ayman Yasin Atat ~<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29636\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29636\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78-1b_9404694.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"29636\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/08\/15\/unveiling-the-manuscript-ms-a78-at-nlm-the-new-chemical-medicine\/ms-a-78-1b_9404694\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78-1b_9404694.jpg?fit=818%2C1200&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"818,1200\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1"}\" data-image-title=\"MS-A-78-1b_9404694\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"<p>Kit\u0101b al-\u1e6cibb al-jad\u012bd al-k\u012bm\u012by\u0101\u2019\u012b (The New Chemical Medicine), ca 1700s<br \/>\nNational Library of Medicine #9404694<\/p>\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78-1b_9404694.jpg?fit=205%2C300&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78-1b_9404694.jpg?fit=698%2C1024&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-29636\" title=\"MS A 78\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78-1b_9404694.jpg?resize=400%2C587&ssl=1\" alt=\"A page of handwritten Arabic\" width=\"400\" height=\"587\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78-1b_9404694.jpg?resize=698%2C1024&ssl=1 698w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78-1b_9404694.jpg?resize=205%2C300&ssl=1 205w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78-1b_9404694.jpg?resize=768%2C1127&ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78-1b_9404694.jpg?w=818&ssl=1 818w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29636\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Kit\u0101b al-\u1e6cibb al-jad\u012bd al-k\u012bm\u012by\u0101\u2019\u012b<\/em> (<em>The New Chemical Medicine<\/em>), ca. 1700s<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.nlm.nih.gov\/permalink\/01NLM_INST\/1o1phhn\/alma997488193406676\"><em>National Library of Medicine #9404694<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>During a recent visit to the National Library of Medicine (NLM), I had the opportunity to delve into a remarkable manuscript: MS A 78, titled <a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.nlm.nih.gov\/permalink\/01NLM_INST\/1o1phhn\/alma997488193406676\"><em>Kit\u0101b al-\u1e6cibb al-jad\u012bd al-k\u012bm\u012by\u0101\u2019\u012b<\/em> <\/a>(translated as The New Chemical Medicine). Authored by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/hmd\/arabic\/bioI.html#sallum\">Ibn Sall\u016bm al-\u1e24alab\u012b<\/a>, this manuscript, created in the 1700s, has often been erroneously regarded by historians as a translation of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/hmd\/arabic\/bioP.html#paracelsus\">Paracelsus’s<\/a> work on chemical medicine. In this review, we aim to uncover the true essence of this manuscript, shedding light on its unique characteristics and significant points. Furthermore, while this manuscript is often encountered as a standalone text, it is in fact an integral part of Ibn Sall\u016bm’s larger medical compendium, <em>Gh\u0101yat al-Itq\u0101n f\u012b tadb\u012br badan al-ins\u0101n<\/em> (translated as The Culmination of Perfection in the Treatment of the Human Body). This connection is explicitly stated in the Gh\u0101yat al-Itq\u0101n manuscript, also housed at the NLM under the number <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/hmd\/arabic\/chemical_medicine2.html\">MS A 13<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Ibn Sall\u016bm al-\u1e24alab\u012b is renowned for his pivotal role in integrating new medical knowledge from Europe into Ottoman and Arabic medical traditions. Through his extensive quoting of European authors and incorporation of their thoughts into works like <a href=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/06\/13\/ghayat-al-bayan-a-master-storyteller-of-medical-knowledge-transmission\/\"><em>Gh\u0101yat al-Bay\u0101n<\/em><\/a> and <em>Gh\u0101yat al-Itq\u0101n<\/em>, Ibn Sall\u016bm facilitated a dynamic exchange of medical ideas between civilizations, achieving a harmonious blend between the classical medical tradition and the new European ones. In doing so, he emerged as a key figure in the transmission of medical knowledge from west to east.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29760\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29760\" style=\"width: 782px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-13.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"29760\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/08\/15\/unveiling-the-manuscript-ms-a78-at-nlm-the-new-chemical-medicine\/ms-a-13\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-13.jpg?fit=916%2C1200&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"916,1200\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"1.85","credit":"","camera":"Pixel 7 Pro","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1721843708","copyright":"","focal_length":"6.81","iso":"92","shutter_speed":"0.016668","title":"","orientation":"1"}\" data-image-title=\"MS A 13\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"<p>Gh\u0101yat al-Itq\u0101n, 1749<br \/>\nNational Library of Medicine #9404698<\/p>\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-13.jpg?fit=229%2C300&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-13.jpg?fit=782%2C1024&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-29760 size-large\" title=\"MA A 13\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-13.jpg?resize=782%2C1024&ssl=1\" alt=\"An open bound manuscript in Arabic.\" width=\"782\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-13.jpg?resize=782%2C1024&ssl=1 782w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-13.jpg?resize=229%2C300&ssl=1 229w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-13.jpg?resize=768%2C1006&ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-13.jpg?resize=840%2C1100&ssl=1 840w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-13.jpg?w=916&ssl=1 916w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 782px) 100vw, 782px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29760\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Gh\u0101yat al-Itq\u0101n<\/em>, 1749<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.nlm.nih.gov\/permalink\/01NLM_INST\/1o1phhn\/alma997488233406676\"><em>National Library of Medicine #9404698<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>The New Chemical Medicine Manuscript: A Revealing Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The manuscript opens with an introduction authored by Ibn Sall\u016bm, wherein he discusses the historical roots and significance of chemistry, framing it not as a novel branch of science but as an integral part of the medical tradition. Following this introduction, Ibn Sall\u016bm presents four treatises, each addressing distinct aspects of chemical medicine. The first treatise delves into the theoretical framework underlying natural conditions, while the second focuses on fundamental principles of chemical medicine. In the third treatise, Ibn Sall\u016bm explores the administration and analysis of drugs, providing insights into their practical application. Finally, the fourth treatise delves into practical procedures such as burning and distillation. These treatises are further subdivided into chapters, offering a detailed exploration of what was commonly known at the time as the new chemical medicine.<\/p>\n<p>As one delves into this manuscript, it becomes apparent that it transcends the bounds of a mere translation of Paracelsus’s work, embracing a broader array of influences. While Paracelsus’s imprint is indeed discernible, evidenced by quotations from works such as <a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.nlm.nih.gov\/permalink\/01NLM_INST\/1o1phhn\/alma992309903406676\">Opus Paragranum<\/a> and Iliaster, Ibn Sall\u016bm’s exploration extends beyond the confines of Paracelsian doctrine. Notably, he incorporates insights from other European authors who followed in Paracelsus’s footsteps, including <a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.nlm.nih.gov\/discovery\/search?query=creator,equals,Sennert,%20Daniel,AND&tab=LibraryCatalog&search_scope=MyInstitution&vid=01NLM_INST:01NLM_INST&mode=advanced&offset=0\">Daniel Sennert<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/hmd\/arabic\/b_d.html#croll\">Oswald Croll<\/a>, and<a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.nlm.nih.gov\/discovery\/search?query=creator,equals,Wecker,%20Johann%20Jacob,AND&tab=LibraryCatalog&search_scope=MyInstitution&vid=01NLM_INST:01NLM_INST&mode=advanced&offset=0\"> Johannes Jacob Wecker<\/a>. By weaving together these diverse perspectives, Ibn Sall\u016bm enriches the discourse on chemical medicine, offering a comprehensive synthesis of European medical thought rather than a simple translation of Paracelsian texts.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29762\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29762\" style=\"width: 840px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-240-P221-1565_UI-2273024R.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"29762\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/08\/15\/unveiling-the-manuscript-ms-a78-at-nlm-the-new-chemical-medicine\/wz-240-p221-1565_ui-2273024r\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-240-P221-1565_UI-2273024R.jpg?fit=989%2C1200&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"989,1200\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"1.85","credit":"","camera":"Pixel 7 Pro","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1721844306","copyright":"","focal_length":"6.81","iso":"96","shutter_speed":"0.025001","title":"","orientation":"1"}\" data-image-title=\"German translation of Opus Paragum by Paracelsus\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"<p>Das Bu\u030ach Paragranum, 1565<br \/>\nNatonal Library of Medicine #2273024R<\/p>\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-240-P221-1565_UI-2273024R.jpg?fit=247%2C300&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-240-P221-1565_UI-2273024R.jpg?fit=840%2C1019&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-29762 size-large\" title=\"Paracelsus Translated to German\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-240-P221-1565_UI-2273024R.jpg?resize=840%2C1019&ssl=1\" alt=\"A printed text in German open to the title page in black and red ink.\" width=\"840\" height=\"1019\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-240-P221-1565_UI-2273024R.jpg?resize=844%2C1024&ssl=1 844w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-240-P221-1565_UI-2273024R.jpg?resize=247%2C300&ssl=1 247w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-240-P221-1565_UI-2273024R.jpg?resize=768%2C932&ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-240-P221-1565_UI-2273024R.jpg?resize=840%2C1019&ssl=1 840w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-240-P221-1565_UI-2273024R.jpg?w=989&ssl=1 989w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29762\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Das Bu\u030ach Paragranum<\/em>, 1565<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.nlm.nih.gov\/permalink\/01NLM_INST\/1o1phhn\/alma992309903406676\"><em>Natonal Library of Medicine #2273024R<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>It’s noteworthy that while Ibn Sall\u016bm was deeply influenced by the works of Paracelsus and other European authors, he approached their ideas with a discerning eye. Throughout the manuscript, Ibn Sall\u016bm interjects his own reflections, demonstrating a thoughtful and critical engagement with the material. At times, he even expresses skepticism or disagreement with certain aspects of Paracelsus’s teachings, referring to them as ‘strange and wondrous’. This nuanced approach underscores Ibn Sall\u016bm’s commitment to evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the new chemical medicine, rather than blindly accepting it. Additionally, Ibn Sall\u016bm’s focus in this text is primarily on the European chemical aspect of the new medicine, rather than engaging in eclectic comparisons with classical medical knowledge. This deliberate emphasis sheds light on his intention to thoroughly explore the emerging field of chemical medicine while maintaining a critical perspective.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Unveiling the Truth: Ibn Sall\u016bm’s Declaration on Folio 42<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Folio 42 of this manuscript holds a pivotal declaration by Ibn Sall\u016bm, unveiling the truth about this book. Here, Ibn Sall\u016bm explicitly states that the text draws mainly from the works of Daniel Sennert, along with references to Johannes Jacob Wecker. This revelation dispels any misconception that the manuscript is a translation of Paracelsus’s work. Ibn Sall\u016bm’s declaration clarifies the nature of this book, highlighting its reliance on Sennert and Wecker rather than Paracelsus. This provides a unique perspective and underscores the significant influence of Sennert, suggesting that his works may have played a more central role in shaping the transmission of new Paracelsian medical knowledge from west to east during that period, more so than Paracelsus himself.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29764\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29764\" style=\"width: 771px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78_42b.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"29764\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/08\/15\/unveiling-the-manuscript-ms-a78-at-nlm-the-new-chemical-medicine\/ms-a-78_42b\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78_42b.jpg?fit=904%2C1200&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"904,1200\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"1.85","credit":"","camera":"Pixel 7 Pro","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1721844168","copyright":"","focal_length":"6.81","iso":"123","shutter_speed":"0.016668","title":"","orientation":"1"}\" data-image-title=\"MS A 78_42b\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"<p>Folio 42 of Kit\u0101b al-\u1e6cibb al-jad\u012bd al-k\u012bm\u012by\u0101\u2019\u012b, ca 1700s<br \/>\nNational Library of Medicine #9404694<\/p>\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78_42b.jpg?fit=226%2C300&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78_42b.jpg?fit=771%2C1024&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-29764 size-large\" title=\"MS A 78\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78_42b.jpg?resize=771%2C1024&ssl=1\" alt=\"A bound manuscript in Arabic open to a page with indented lines and red ink.\" width=\"771\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78_42b.jpg?resize=771%2C1024&ssl=1 771w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78_42b.jpg?resize=226%2C300&ssl=1 226w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78_42b.jpg?resize=768%2C1019&ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78_42b.jpg?resize=840%2C1115&ssl=1 840w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78_42b.jpg?w=904&ssl=1 904w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 771px) 100vw, 771px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29764\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Folio 42 of <em>Kit\u0101b al-\u1e6cibb al-jad\u012bd al-k\u012bm\u012by\u0101\u2019\u012b<\/em>, ca. 1700s<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.nlm.nih.gov\/permalink\/01NLM_INST\/1o1phhn\/alma997488193406676\"><em>National Library of Medicine #9404694<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Furthermore, on the same Folio 42, Ibn Sall\u016bm reveals his translation of Oswald Croll’s seminal work, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.nlm.nih.gov\/permalink\/01NLM_INST\/1o1phhn\/alma992361333406676\">Basilica Chymica<\/a><\/em> (or Royal Chemistry). Published in Frankfurt in 1609, this treatise swiftly became a cornerstone in chemical medicine, offering comprehensive methods for chemical preparation and compound remedies. Ibn Sall\u016bm’s decision to translate it from Latin into Arabic confirms his proficiency in Latin, dispelling doubts about his ability to access European sources independently. Additionally, Ibn Sall\u016bm’s endeavor to translate <em>Basilica Chymica<\/em> reflects his commitment to enriching readers’ understanding of chemical medicine, providing diverse perspectives on this new medical field.<\/p>\n<p>Afterward, Ibn Sall\u016bm undertook the translation of Oswald Croll’s work, <em>Basilica Chymica<\/em>. This translation comprises two treatises: the first addresses general treatments for diseases, including recipes for drugs to induce vomiting, alleviate diarrhea, act as diuretics, and more. The second treatise focuses on treatments for specific diseases affecting the lungs, heart, eyes, and other organs. These treatises contain recipes formulated based on the principles of the new chemical medicine. However, a comparative analysis between the Latin text of <em>Basilica Chymica<\/em> and this Arabic translation may be warranted to determine whether Ibn Sall\u016bm provided a full translation or opted to summarize key elements deemed essential for integration into Ottoman medical traditions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In concluding our exploration of manuscript MS A 78, we’ve uncovered a narrative far richer and more nuanced than previously assumed. This manuscript unequivocally establishes its true nature, highlighting that it was not a translation of any works by Paracelsus. Instead, Ibn Sall\u016bm quoted and translated from the works of Daniel Sennert and Johannes Jacob Wecker, while maintaining a critical perspective. Furthermore, the translation of Oswald Croll’s <em>Basilica Chymica<\/em> into Arabic stands as an additional achievement. Ibn Sall\u016bm’s decision to translate this work not only demonstrates his proficiency in Latin but also reflects his dedication to providing Ottoman physicians access to valuable resources, contributing to advancing their understanding of the principles of this new chemical medicine.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_29766\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29766\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-250-C944b-1609a_UI-2328045R.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"29766\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/08\/15\/unveiling-the-manuscript-ms-a78-at-nlm-the-new-chemical-medicine\/wz-250-c944b-1609a_ui-2328045r\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-250-C944b-1609a_UI-2328045R.jpg?fit=937%2C1200&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"937,1200\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"1.85","credit":"","camera":"Pixel 7 Pro","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1721844435","copyright":"","focal_length":"6.81","iso":"277","shutter_speed":"0.008334","title":"","orientation":"1"}\" data-image-title=\"WZ 250 C944b 1609a_UI 2328045R\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"<p>Basilica chymica, 1609<br \/>\nNational Library of Medicine #2328045R<\/p>\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-250-C944b-1609a_UI-2328045R.jpg?fit=234%2C300&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-250-C944b-1609a_UI-2328045R.jpg?fit=800%2C1024&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-29766 size-large\" title=\"Oswald Croll's Basilica Chymica\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-250-C944b-1609a_UI-2328045R.jpg?resize=800%2C1024&ssl=1\" alt=\"Title page of a printed text in Latin decorated with portraits and symbols of nature, science, and divinity.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-250-C944b-1609a_UI-2328045R.jpg?resize=800%2C1024&ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-250-C944b-1609a_UI-2328045R.jpg?resize=234%2C300&ssl=1 234w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-250-C944b-1609a_UI-2328045R.jpg?resize=768%2C984&ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-250-C944b-1609a_UI-2328045R.jpg?resize=840%2C1076&ssl=1 840w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WZ-250-C944b-1609a_UI-2328045R.jpg?w=937&ssl=1 937w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29766\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Basilica Chymica<\/em>, 1609<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.nlm.nih.gov\/permalink\/01NLM_INST\/1o1phhn\/alma992361303406676\"><em>National Library of Medicine #2328045R<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In summary, manuscript MS A 78 provides valuable insights into the discourse of what was known as the new chemical medicine. Serving as an essential resource for Ottoman physicians, it highlights the practical contributions of Ibn Sall\u016bm and the relevance of his work to the medical landscape during the 17th century Ottoman civilization.<\/p>\n<p><em>It has been a great pleasure to access numerous manuscripts housed at the National Library of Medicine, particularly in the field of the history of pharmacy, made possible through the funding I received from The NLM Michael E. DeBakey Fellowship in the History of Medicine. I extend my sincere gratitude to the staff at the NLM for their invaluable assistance and support.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Atat.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"29401\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2024\/06\/13\/ghayat-al-bayan-a-master-storyteller-of-medical-knowledge-transmission\/atat\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Atat.jpg?fit=500%2C375&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"500,375\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}\" data-image-title=\"Ayman Yasin Atat\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Atat.jpg?fit=300%2C225&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Atat.jpg?fit=500%2C375&ssl=1\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-29401\" title=\"Ayman Yasin Atat\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Atat.jpg?resize=100%2C75&ssl=1\" alt=\"Informal portrait of a man in front of library shelves.\" width=\"100\" height=\"75\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Atat.jpg?w=500&ssl=1 500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Atat.jpg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Atat.jpg?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Atat.jpg?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/><\/a>Ayman Yasin Atat is a pharmacist with a PhD in the history of pharmacy and a 2024 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/hmd\/get-involved\/debakey-fellowship.html\">NLM Michael E. DeBakey Fellow in the History of Medicine<\/a>. He currently serves as a principal investigator on a project at the Department for the History of Pharmacy at TU Braunschweig in Germany funded by the Fritz Thyssen Foundation.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Ayman Yasin Atat ~ During a recent visit to the National Library of Medicine (NLM), I had the opportunity<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19605840,"featured_media":29769,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[12763,51014,347145303],"tags":[411245,21106,678875940,6200,517998,58980,1747077,668],"class_list":["post-29473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-collections","category-guests","category-rare-books-journals","tag-1700s","tag-arabic","tag-chemistry","tag-drugs","tag-manuscript","tag-fellowship","tag-paracelsus","tag-research"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/MS-A-78_42b_feature.jpg?fit=900%2C400&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3xcDk-7Fn","jetpack-related-posts":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19605840"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29473"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29473\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29815,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29473\/revisions\/29815"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29769"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}} |