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{"id":13458,"date":"2018-01-11T11:00:37","date_gmt":"2018-01-11T16:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/?p=13458"},"modified":"2022-11-13T22:12:06","modified_gmt":"2022-11-14T03:12:06","slug":"the-falls-of-1972-john-b-calhoun-and-urban-pessimism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2018\/01\/11\/the-falls-of-1972-john-b-calhoun-and-urban-pessimism\/","title":{"rendered":"The Falls of 1972: John B Calhoun and Urban Pessimism"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Circulating Now<em> welcomes guest bloggers Jon Adams and Edmund Ramsden. Adams, of the London School of Economics, and Ramsden, of the University of London, share insights on the work of renowned National Institute of Mental Health researcher John B. Calhoun, as captured in a film featuring interviews with Calhoun and footage of the \u201cmouse universes\u201d he maintained for study. The film is one of several in the Library\u2019s manuscript collections documenting Calhoun\u2019s work and is currently highlighted in our <a href=\"https:\/\/medicineonscreen.nlm.nih.gov\/2017\/12\/22\/john-b-calhoun-film-7-1\/\">Medicine on Screen<\/a> project.<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13519\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13519\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/scan-03.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"13519\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2018\/01\/11\/the-falls-of-1972-john-b-calhoun-and-urban-pessimism\/scan-03\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/scan-03.jpg?fit=1600%2C1285&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1600,1285\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1"}\" data-image-title=\"Scan-03\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/scan-03.jpg?fit=300%2C241&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/scan-03.jpg?fit=840%2C675&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-13519 size-medium\" title=\"Observing the Mouse Universe\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/scan-03.jpg?resize=300%2C241&ssl=1\" alt=\"Three men stand around a room sized partitioned rodent habitat.\" width=\"300\" height=\"241\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13519\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Calhoun (right) and his colleagues overlook the mouse enclosure.<br \/><em><a href=\"https:\/\/findingaids.nlm.nih.gov\/repositories\/4\/resources\/959\">John B. Calhoun Papers, 1909-1996<\/a>. MS C 586 box 142, folder 28.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><\/a><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\"><\/a><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><\/a>\u201cFall, 1972. Scenes Include Last Survivors.\u201d This is the text on the opening slate. What have we missed? For now, it\u2019s enough to know we\u2019ve arrived late in the game. This is not the event, but its aftermath. This is post-apocalypse.<\/p>\n<p>We know\u2014we think we know\u2014what the post-apocalyptic world will look like. We\u2019ve seen it in the movies (George Miller\u2019s <em>Mad Max<\/em>), read about it (Cormac McCarthy\u2019s <em>The Road<\/em>), and even played the video game (Naughty Dog\u2019s <em>The Last of Us<\/em>). It\u2019s a place where bands of ragged survivors roam over a defoliated wasteland, their engagements marked by the expression of terrible violence and unchecked sexual aggression.<\/p>\n<p>For fiction, the post-apocalypse is a theatre in which to explore humanity\u2019s barely subdued inhumanity. Functionally, it acts as a counterfactual, a reminder of the fragility of order, of how much our society depends for its continued operation upon our willing and mutual consent. Here\u2019s how things would be if we didn\u2019t play by the rules. Because in the post-apocalypse, nobody plays by the rules. Behaviour is as bad as it can be. The rules went away with the society they formed, everything now is pure <em>id<\/em>. Just the base instincts survive, and survival requires just the base instincts. Kill, steal, rape. This is how the world looks from the brain stem, this is the view from the cerebellum. Post-apocalypse represents regression to pre-history, of motivational surrender to the throbbing urgency of the lizard brain.<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s an alternative scenario:<\/p>\n<p>A world of perfectly clean and well tended inhabitants, coexisting harmoniously. No sexual violence\u2014no sex at all. No violence, either. Lots of grooming. Regular communal meals. Because this is also a post-apocalypse. These are also the survivors of a societal collapse. They\u2019re mice, and they\u2019re the only living remnants of Universe 25.<\/p>\n<p>Universe 25 is a nine-by-nine-foot square arena with five-foot high metal walls built within the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) in Bethesda, MD. Its floor is a spindle of sixteen segments split by low dividers\u2014just tall enough to keep mice from making contact, but not so high they can\u2019t easily climb over. Good fences make good neighbours. Its designer, NIMH scientist John B. Calhoun, climbs down into the pen, watched by the camera that McGraw-Hill educational films have brought to record the interview. The interviewer stays outside. Calhoun\u2019s daughter would later recall the smell, above all. The stench of two thousand mice.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13462\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13462\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/mice-crowded-around-water.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"13462\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2018\/01\/11\/the-falls-of-1972-john-b-calhoun-and-urban-pessimism\/mice-crowded-around-water\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/mice-crowded-around-water.jpg?fit=640%2C540&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"640,540\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}\" data-image-title=\"Mice crowded around water\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/mice-crowded-around-water.jpg?fit=300%2C253&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/mice-crowded-around-water.jpg?fit=640%2C540&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-13462 size-medium\" title=\"Film Still\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/mice-crowded-around-water.jpg?resize=300%2C253&ssl=1\" alt=\"A cluster of mice cling to a metal grid.\" width=\"300\" height=\"253\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13462\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mice crowding one another to get water.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>But only a few now survived\u2014about 120 specimens. They\u2019re clustered together around a single feeder, dumbly nuzzling and preening. Calhoun\u2019s rodents had been through the <em>Mad Max<\/em> period: they had experienced their orgy of ultraviolence, sexual predation, incest, and cannibalism. Trapped inside Universe 25 with all their material needs met, the mice had bred until the stresses of over-population led them into a permanent state of fight-or-flight. Calhoun had termed this \u201cthe Behavioural Sink\u201d\u2014the tipping point after which all civility broke down, and the animals were drawn into an irreversible vortex of self-destruction, a frenzied mass panic from which only these huddled, withdrawn specimens now survive.<\/p>\n<p>For contemporary audiences, that rapid escalation to annihilation might have brought to mind what nuclear theorist and Kennedy advisor Herman Kahn had recently called \u201cspasm war\u201d (<em>On Escalation<\/em>, 1965)\u2014the endgame of the US-Soviet <em>d\u00e9tente<\/em>, the point at which everyone pressed all of their buttons.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13463\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13463\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/calhoun-writes-rx-evolution.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"13463\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2018\/01\/11\/the-falls-of-1972-john-b-calhoun-and-urban-pessimism\/calhoun-writes-rx-evolution\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/calhoun-writes-rx-evolution.jpg?fit=640%2C540&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"640,540\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}\" data-image-title=\"Film Still: Calhoun writes Rx-evolution\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"<p>Calhoun writing on a chalkboard.<\/p>\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/calhoun-writes-rx-evolution.jpg?fit=300%2C253&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/calhoun-writes-rx-evolution.jpg?fit=640%2C540&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-13463 size-medium\" title=\"Film Still: A prescription for Evolution\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/calhoun-writes-rx-evolution.jpg?resize=300%2C253&ssl=1\" alt=\"A man writes RxEvolution on a chalkboard.\" width=\"300\" height=\"253\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13463\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Calhoun presents his overpopulation equations.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>But there was another device ticking insistently below everyday life: what Paul Ehrlich had recently called \u201c<em>The Population Bomb<\/em>\u201d (1968). The late nineteen-sixties and early seventies witnessed growing popular concern over the ability of our planet to sustain the seemingly unstoppable growth of the species. The strapline on Ehrlich\u2019s book read: \u201cPopulation Control or Race to Oblivion?\u201d That same year, philosopher Garrett Hardin popularised the notion of the \u201ctragedy of the commons,\u201d a demand for regulated access to public goods that he would later revise into the altogether more troubling \u201clifeboat ethics\u201d (1974). Meanwhile, an Apollo-era public mindful of the need for astronauts to carry all their own supplies were urged by Buckminster Fuller to think of our own \u201cSpaceship Earth\u201d as a similarly finite container. It was as if, as one commentator put it, humanity was doomed to a choice between two bombs: \u201cwe shall probably solve the population problem by nuclear extermination. In any case, the two major problems of our time\u2014nuclear war and the population explosion\u2014are closely linked together.\u201d Certainly, Calhoun was happy to use the language of apocalypse\u2014quoting <em>Revelations<\/em> in the introduction to one paper from the time. For what might happen aboard the airlocked Spaceship Earth; see Universe 25.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13521\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13521\" style=\"width: 840px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/scan-08.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"13521\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2018\/01\/11\/the-falls-of-1972-john-b-calhoun-and-urban-pessimism\/scan-08\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/scan-08.jpg?fit=1600%2C1129&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1600,1129\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1"}\" data-image-title=\"The Core of Evolution\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"<p>A labeled diagram of indicating the relationships within a population among environment, needs, conditions, and adaptations.<br \/>\nJohn B. Calhoun Papers. 1909-1996, MS C 586 box 143, folder 1<\/p>\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/scan-08.jpg?fit=300%2C212&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/scan-08.jpg?fit=840%2C593&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-13521 size-large\" title=\"A Complex Network of Factors that Relate to Evolution\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/scan-08.jpg?resize=840%2C593&ssl=1\" alt=\"Graphic with multiple lines, points, and sides.\" width=\"840\" height=\"593\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13521\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A labeled diagram indicating relationships among environment, needs, conditions, and adaptations within a population.<br \/><em>John B. Calhoun Papers. 1909-1996, MS C 586 box 143, folder 1<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Yet if this mouse enclosure modelled our own eventual demise, then it turns out the post-apocalypse of popular culture was only a transitional phase, a station on route to this strangely calm dystopia. A blank white space, reminiscent of John Lennon\u2019s video for 1970\u2019s \u201cImagine,\u201d or the sterile dream-rooms in the final reel of Kubrick\u2019s recent <em>2001: A Space Odyssey<\/em> (1968). The utopian and the dystopian osculate here. Kahn had asked: after a nuclear holocaust, \u201cwill the survivors envy the dead?”<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13464\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13464\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/mouse-on-palm.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"13464\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2018\/01\/11\/the-falls-of-1972-john-b-calhoun-and-urban-pessimism\/mouse-on-palm\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/mouse-on-palm.jpg?fit=640%2C540&ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"640,540\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}\" data-image-title=\"Mouse on palm\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/mouse-on-palm.jpg?fit=300%2C253&ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/mouse-on-palm.jpg?fit=640%2C540&ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-13464 size-medium\" title=\"Film Still\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/mouse-on-palm.jpg?resize=300%2C253&ssl=1\" alt=\"A small white mouse sits on a man's hand.\" width=\"300\" height=\"253\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13464\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A ‘Beautiful One’ balances on Dr. Calhoun’s hand.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Anchoring it by the tail, Calhoun displays one of the mice on his palm, he notes its smooth pelage. It\u2019s a balb-C albino, a common lab mouse, bred by the NIH Animal Center and more or less guaranteed disease-free and behaviourally normal. But these survivors are third- or fourth-generation descendants of those original specimens. In autopsy, their parents and grandparents had all been laced with scar tissue, tails chewed to stumps, ragged ears. Hypertrophy of the adrenal glands. These mice show none of that trauma. Calhoun and his researchers came to call them \u201cthe Beautiful Ones.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The Beautiful Ones of Universe 25, the Behavioural-Sink survivors, are no less selfish than the rampaging actors of McCarthy or Miller\u2019s post-apocalyptic universes. But their particular brand of non-cooperation doesn\u2019t involve destructive interference. Rather, they avoid the problems of unwanted contact by never developing the complex adult behaviours that lead to conflict in the first place. The Beautiful Ones broker a form of mutual peace predicated on a form of extended infantilism. In the film, Calhoun describes their arrested development: \u201cThey never learned to be aggressive, which is necessary in defense of home sites. They never learned to court, so there was no mating. Being no mating, there were no progeny.\u201d At the time of filming, Calhoun was preparing a paper he titled \u201cDeath Squared\u201d, in which he describes them in more existential terms:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAutistic-like creatures, capable only of the most simple behaviors compatible with physiological survival, emerge out of this process. Their spirit has died … . They are no longer capable of executing the more complex behaviors compatible with species survival.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Sartre:\u00a0<em>L\u2019 enfer, c\u2019est les autres<\/em>. Hell is others. In a sense, these remaining mice never fully acknowledge the existence of the other. The Beautiful Ones survive by adopting the psychological equivalent of horse blinkers. …<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>To <a href=\"https:\/\/medicineonscreen.nlm.nih.gov\/2017\/12\/22\/john-b-calhoun-film-7-1\/\">read the full essay<\/a> and to <a href=\"https:\/\/medicineonscreen.nlm.nih.gov\/portfolio\/1770\/\">see the film<\/a> go to NLM’s <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/medicineonscreen.nlm.nih.gov\/\"><em>Medicine on Screen: Films and Essays from NLM<\/em><\/a><em>, a curated portal including original research on selected films from NLM’s collection.<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"wrapper-fluid\">\n<div id=\"container-fluid\">\n<div id=\"main-body\" class=\"hmd-red\">\n<div id=\"body\">\n<div id=\"medmovies\">\n<div id=\"medmovieswrap\">\n<div id=\"medmoviescontentback\">\n<div id=\"medmoviescontent\">\n<div id=\"__essay\" class=\"sec\">\n<p><em>Jon Adams grew up in Britain and Saudi Arabia, and studied at Keele and Durham. His first book, <\/em>Interference Patterns<em>, examined the possibility of making a science of literary criticism. As a researcher at the London School of Economics, he worked the dissemination of science, and the overlap between popular science and popular fiction. In 2011, he was selected as a “New Generation Thinker” by the British Broadcasting Corporation. He currently looks after his two children, but still works part time at LSE, where he interviews academics and produces short films about their work.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Edmund Ramsden is a Wellcome Trust University Award Lecturer in the history of science and medicine in the School of History, Queen Mary, University of London. His current research is focused on the history of experimental animals in psychology and psychiatry and on the influence of these fields on urban planning, architecture and design.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Circulating Now welcomes guest bloggers Jon Adams and Edmund Ramsden. Adams, of the London School of Economics, and Ramsden, of<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19605840,"featured_media":13520,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"The Falls of 1972: John B Calhoun and Urban Pessimism - NLM releases an #historicalfilm of John B. Calhoun's mouse population experiments","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[42333869,12763,1359464,51014,103],"tags":[490,11940,524,557,671616459,5004,91129,132985,28006],"class_list":["post-13458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archives-manuscripts","category-collections","category-films-videos","category-guests","category-news","tag-animals","tag-evolution","tag-film","tag-literature","tag-medicine-on-screen","tag-mental-health","tag-national-institute-of-mental-health","tag-population","tag-public-health"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/scan-08_feature.jpg?fit=900%2C400&ssl=1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3xcDk-3v4","jetpack-related-posts":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13458","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19605840"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13458"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13458\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25383,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13458\/revisions\/25383"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13520"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13458"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13458"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13458"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}} |