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<TITLE>Technical Notes. NLM Technical Bulletin. Nov-Dec 2002</TITLE>
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Alternatives to Animal Testing Bibliography" />
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<H3><A NAME = "tox">Tox Town Web Site Launched</A></H3>
<!--***********************START TABLE OF CONTENTS*****************************************************-->
<P><TABLE border="1" width="200" cellpadding="5" align="right">
<TR><TD>
<CENTER><FONT size="4" face="helvetica, arial"><STRONG>Technical Notes</STRONG></FONT></CENTER><BR>
<FONT size="2" face="helvetica, arial">
<A HREF = "#tox" CLASS="TEXT">Tox Town Web Site Launched</A><BR><BR>
<A HREF = "#fact" CLASS="TEXT">New <ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM</ACRONYM> Fact Sheet:
Construction of National
Library of Medicine Title Abbreviations</A><BR><BR>
<A HREF = "#schedule" CLASS="TEXT">MEDLINE<FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT>/PubMed
<FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT><BR> End-of-Year Activities: Schedule Change</A><BR><BR>
<A HREF = "#altbib" CLASS="TEXT"><EM>Alternatives to the Use of Live Vertebrates in Biomedical Research and Testing</EM>
Database Released</A><BR><BR>
<A HREF = "#updates" CLASS="TEXT">Daily Updates Resume in MEDLINE<FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT></A><BR><BR>
<A HREF = "#related" CLASS="TEXT">Related Articles Algorithm Modified for PubMed<FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT>
Citations</A><BR><BR>
<A HREF = "#send" CLASS="TEXT">Modification to PubMed's<FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT> New Send to Function</A><BR><BR>
<A HREF = "#author" CLASS="TEXT">Author Reply to a Letter to the Editor</A><BR><BR>
<A HREF = "#books" CLASS="TEXT">New Books Added to <ACRONYM TITLE="National Center for Biotechnology Information">
NCBI's</ACRONYM> Bookshelf</A> - <BR>
<FONT size="1" face="helvetica, arial"><EM>[Note updated on December 30, 2002.]</EM></FONT><BR><BR>
<A HREF = "#tools" CLASS="TEXT">MeSH<FONT SIZE =-2>&#174;</FONT> Tools 2003 Available for Purchase</A><BR><BR>
<A HREF = "#gateway" CLASS="TEXT">New Version of NLM Gateway Released - December 18, 2002</A><BR><BR>
<!--
<A HREF = "#ncbi" CLASS="TEXT">NCBI Offers Molecular Biology Information Resources Training</A><BR><BR>
<A HREF = "#suggestions" CLASS="TEXT">Journal Suggestions</A><BR><BR>
<A HREF = "#mesh" CLASS="TEXT">MeSH<FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT> Files Available for Downloading</A><BR><BR>
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<FONT size="2"><strong>November 14, 2002</strong> [posted]</font>
<P>
The National Library of Medicine's (NLM) Division of Specialized Information Services (SIS) launched a new Web site,
<A HREF="http://toxtown.nlm.nih.gov/">Tox Town</A>, on October 7, 2002. Tox Town is a pilot project
that explores how best to provide environmental health information to a general
audience. Tox Town looks at an ordinary town and points out environmental hazards that may be in that town.
Users can click on a town location, like the school, and see a cutaway view of that building. Toxic chemicals
that might be found in the school are listed, along with links to selected Internet resources about school environments.
</P>
<P>
In this first release, Tox Town gives information on eight chemicals and eleven locations in an
imaginary small town. Plans to expand
Tox Town include adding more chemicals and new scenes, such as an urban community and a farming region.
</P>
<P>
Information on chemical and environmental concerns is assembled from the
<A HREF="http://toxtown.nlm.nih.gov/text_version/about.php">TOXNET<SUP><FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT></SUP></A> and
<A HREF="http://medlineplus.gov/">MedlinePlus<SUP><FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT></SUP></A>
resources of the NLM, as well as other authoritative sources. The chemical descriptions ("What is arsenic?") were
written for Tox Town using TOXNET and other resources and were reviewed by NLM toxicology staff.
</P>
<P>
For further information, please contact Cindy Love, Office of Outreach and Special Populations,
SIS, NLM by email: <A HREF="mailto:cindy_love@nlm.nih.gov">cindy_love@nlm.nih.gov</A> or
by telephone: 301-496-5306. You can also send comments on Tox Town to
<A HREF="mailto:tehip@teh.nlm.nih.gov">tehip@teh.nlm.nih.gov</A>.
</P>
<!--INDEX TERMS:
Tox Town, Web site launched
/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote_01.html#tox
-->
<CENTER><img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"> &nbsp;
<A HREF = "/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html">top of page</A> &nbsp;
<img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"></CENTER><BR><BR>
<H3><A NAME = "fact">New <ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM</ACRONYM> Fact Sheet:
Construction of National Library of Medicine Title Abbreviations</A></H3>
<FONT size="2"><strong>November 14, 2002</strong> [posted]</font>
<P>
The <ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM</ACRONYM> has produced a new Fact Sheet,
<A HREF="/pubs/factsheets/constructitle.html">
Construction of National Library of Medicine Title Abbreviations</A>, that describes
the rules currently used to construct title abbreviations for journals cited in NLM's online services.
</P>
<P>
A complete list of <ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM</ACRONYM> Fact Sheets is available
at:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/factsheets.html. To be alerted to the publication of new Fact Sheets
<A HREF="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/listserv/emaillists.html">subscribe to
NLM-Announces</A>, <ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM's</ACRONYM> electronic mailing list
of changes to the NLM Web site.
</P>
<!--INDEX TERMS:
Fact Sheets, Construction of National Library of Medicine Title Abbreviations
/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote_01.html#fact
-->
<CENTER><img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"> &nbsp;
<A HREF = "/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html">top of page</A> &nbsp;
<img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"></CENTER><BR><BR>
<H3><A NAME = "schedule">MEDLINE<SUP><FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT></SUP>/PubMed<SUP><FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT>
</SUP> End-of-Year Activities: Schedule Change</A></H3><FONT size="2"><strong>November 20, 2002</strong>
[posted]</font>
<P>
<ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM's</ACRONYM> end-of-year activities schedule for
MEDLINE/PubMed has changed. We anticipate that these activities
will be completed early and new PubMed will be available on November 26, 2002. PubMed will use 2003 vocabulary
in the MeSH translation tables and MeSH Browser as well as on the citation data. The Medical Subject Headings
(MeSH<53>) vocabulary has been revised and it is advisable to review the changes to see if any will affect
searches used to generate updates such as those stored in the PubMed Cubby.
For instruction on updating your Cubby stored searches see the article:
<A HREF="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/nd01/nd01_cubby_handson.html"><EM>Hands-On: Revising PubMed<65>
Cubby Stored Searches. <ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM</ACRONYM> Tech Bull. 2001 Nov-Dec;
(323):e10</EM></A>.
For additional information on PubMed/MEDLINE end-of-year activities see the article:
<A HREF="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/so02/so02_endofyear.html"><EM>MEDLINE<EFBFBD>/PubMed<65> End-of-Year
Activities. <ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM</ACRONYM> Tech Bull. 2002 Sep-Oct;(328):e7</EM></A>.
</P>
<P>
For 2003 MeSH, a total of 1250 new headings were added, 93 headings were replaced with more up-to-date
terminology, 1727
synonyms (i.e., Entry Terms) were added, and 20 headings were deleted. Lists of all new headings and
of deleted and replaced
headings are posted on the <A HREF="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/changes2003.html">MeSH</A> Web site.
The <A HREF="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/annotated2003.html">Introduction to the Annotated Alphabetic
List - 2003</A> is also
posted on this site. Headings can be quickly found using the 2003
<A HREF="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html">MeSH Browser</A>.
</P>
<!--INDEX TERMS:
PubMed, End-of-Year Activities, Schedule Change
MEDLINE, End-of-Year Activities, Schedule Change
/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html#schedule
-->
<CENTER><img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"> &nbsp;
<A HREF = "/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html">top of page</A> &nbsp;
<img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"></CENTER><BR><BR>
<H3><A NAME = "altbib"><EM>Alternatives to the Use of Live Vertebrates in Biomedical Research and Testing</EM>
Database Released</A></H3>
<FONT size="2"><strong>November 25, 2002</strong> [posted]</font>
<P>
Since 1992, the Toxicology and Environmental Health Information
Program (TEHIP) of the Specialized Information Services Division (SIS) of the National Library of Medicine
(NLM) has produced a quarterly bibliography of methods and procedures helpful in
supporting the development, testing, application, and validation of alternatives to the use of
vertebrates in biomedical research and toxicology testing. The multiple bibliographies of <EM>Alternatives
to the Use of Live Vertebrates in Biomedical Research and
Testing</EM> have been combined into one easily searchable database containing all 10 years of data.
The new database
is called ALTBIB and it is availabe at:
<A HREF="http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/altbib.html">http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/altbib.html</A>.
Yearly updates are planned for this database.
<P>
<!--INDEX TERMS:
ALTBIB, Database Released
/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html#altbib
-->
<CENTER><img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"> &nbsp;
<A HREF = "/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html">top of page</A> &nbsp;
<img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"></CENTER><BR><BR>
<H3><A NAME = "updates">Daily Updates Resume in MEDLINE<SUP><FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT></SUP></A></H3>
<FONT size="2"><strong>November 26, 2002</strong> [posted]</font>
<P>
On November 26, 2002, <ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM</ACRONYM> resumed adding the daily
(Tuesday-Saturday) updates of newly MeSH-indexed citations
(including the backlog of citations indexed since October 30 with 2003 MeSH but not yet added to PubMed).
For additional information, see the following related <EM><ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM's
</ACRONYM> Technical Bulletin</EM> articles:
</P>
<P>
<A HREF="/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_2003_medline_data_changes.html"><EM>MEDLINE<SUP><FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT>
</SUP> Data Changes - 2003. <ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM's</ACRONYM> Tech Bull. 2002
Nov-Dec;(329):e4</EM></A>
</P>
<P>
<A HREF="/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_2003_mesh.html"><EM>What's New for 2003 MeSH<SUP><FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT>
</SUP>. <ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM's</ACRONYM> Tech Bull. 2002 Nov-Dec;(329):e5.</EM></A>
</P>
<P>
<A HREF="/pubs/techbull/so02/so02_endofyear.html"><EM>MEDLINE<SUP><FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT></SUP>/PubMed<SUP>
<FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT></SUP> End-of-Year Activities. <ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM's
</ACRONYM> Tech Bull. 2002 Sep-Oct;(328):e7.</EM></A>
</P>
<!--INDEX TERMS:
MEDLINE, Daily Updates Resume
/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html#updates
-->
<CENTER><img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"> &nbsp;
<A HREF = "/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html">top of page</A> &nbsp;
<img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"></CENTER><BR><BR>
<H3><A NAME = "related">Related Articles Algorithm Modified for PubMed<SUP><FONT SIZE=-2>&#174;</FONT></SUP>
Citations</A></H3>
<FONT size="2"><strong>December 04, 2002</strong> [posted]</font>
<P>
On December 4, 2002, the term-weighted algorithm used to create the Related Articles links for
each PubMed citation was modified to better calculate
citations that are closely related to a selected article. In addition, a
citation length correction was applied, i.e., the total number of words in a citation is now considered.
This compensates for abstract length thereby producing an improved list of related articles for citations
that do not have abstracts.
</P>
<P>
Please refer to the new algorithm for additional information.
</P>
<!--INDEX TERMS:
PubMed, Related Articles Algorithm modified
/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html#related
-->
<CENTER><img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"> &nbsp;
<A HREF = "/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html">top of page</A> &nbsp;
<img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"></CENTER><BR><BR>
<H3><A NAME = "send">Modification to PubMed's<SUP><FONT SIZE =-2>&#174;</FONT></SUP> New Send to Function</A></H3>
<FONT size="2"><strong>December 12, 2002</strong> [posted]</font>
<P>
On or about December 19, 2002, the Text and File options of PubMed's new
Send to function (announced December 2, 2002, <A HREF="/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_pm_changes.html">
<EM>Page Selection, Send to, and Links: Changes to PubMed<SUP><FONT SIZE =-2>&#174;</FONT></SUP>.
<ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM's</ACRONYM> Tech Bull. 2002 Nov-Dec;(329):e7.</EM> </A>) will
switch positions so that Text is the default. The sequence on the
pull-down menu will be: Text, File, Clipboard, and Order. PubMed
searchers use the Text option (which displays retrieval without the
sidebar and toolbars) far more often than other Send to options so this
is a change to make the most frequently used option the default.
</P>
<!--INDEX TERMS:
PubMed, Send To function modified
/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html#send
-->
<CENTER><img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"> &nbsp;
<A HREF = "/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html">top of page</A> &nbsp;
<img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"></CENTER><BR><BR>
<H3><A NAME = "author">Author Reply to a Letter to the Editor</A></H3>
<FONT size="2"><strong>December 12, 2002</strong> [posted]</font>
<P>
Letters to the editor are often a comment on an article published in an earlier issue of a journal.
Such letters are often followed by a reply or response
written by one or more authors of the earlier or original article.
</P>
<P>
The pagination for MEDLINE citations to such letters was constructed following the pattern:
</P>
<UL>
<LI>925; discussion 925-6
<LI>740-1; discussion 741-3
<LI>690-1; discussion 692-3
</UL>
<P>
The pagination range for the text of the author(s) who wrote and submitted the letter was indicated,
followed by the word <STRONG>discussion</STRONG>, and the
pagination range of the text written by one or more of the original article author(s) as a reply to the letter.
</P>
<P>
Beginning immediately, new rules will be followed for pagination for letters
to the editor that include text
consisting of an author reply. If the reply is written by one or more of the authors of the original article,
the words <STRONG>author reply</STRONG> will be used in the pagination field rather than the
word <STRONG>discussion</STRONG>.
For example:
</P>
<UL>
<LI> 925; author reply 925-6
<LI> 740-1; author reply 741-3
<LI>690-1; author reply 692-3
</UL>
<P>
<ACRONYM TITLE="National Library of Medicine">NLM's</ACRONYM> expects to perform global maintenance
and change the word <STRONG>discussion</STRONG> to words <STRONG>author reply
</STRONG> in retrospective citations. In the event that the text following a letter is written by
someone other than the author(s) of the original article (most likely the text would then be written
by the journal editor), the word <STRONG>discussion</STRONG> would be used and not <STRONG>author reply</STRONG>.
</P>
<P>
Please also note that <STRONG>discussion</STRONG> will continue to be used within pagination for other
types of articles, such as an article presented
at a meeting that is followed by the text of a separate discussion or verbal exchange by a panel or
others attending the meeting.
This new rule for pagination that will include author reply applies only to Publication Type Letter citations.
</P>
<!--INDEX TERMS:
Author Reply to a Letter to the Editor, New rules
/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html#author
-->
<CENTER><img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"> &nbsp;
<A HREF = "/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html">top of page</A> &nbsp;
<img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"></CENTER><BR><BR>
<H3><A NAME = "books">New Books Added to <ACRONYM TITLE="National Center for Biotechnology Information">
NCBI's</ACRONYM> Bookshelf</A></H3>
<FONT size="2"><strong>December 16, 2002</strong> [posted]</font><BR>
<FONT size="2"><strong>December 30, 2002</strong> [updated]</font>
<P>
Three new books have been added to the National Center for Biotechnology Information's (NCBI)
<A HREF="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?db=Books">Bookshelf</A>.
</P>
<UL>
<LI><EM>The Human ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporter Superfamily.</EM> Dean, Michael. Monograph. Bethesda (MD):
NCBI, National Library of Medicine (US); 2002 Nov.
<LI><EM>Basic Neurochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Medical Aspects.</EM> 6th ed. Siegel, George J.; Agranoff,
Bernard W.; Albers, R. Wayne; Fisher, Stephen K.; Uhler, Michael D., editors. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Lippincott,
Williams & Wilkins; c1999.
<LI><EM>The NCBI Handbook.</EM> Bethesda (MD): NCBI, National Library of Medicine (US); 2002 Nov.
<LI><EM>The Cell - A Molecular Approach.</EM> 2nd ed. Cooper, Geoffrey M. Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates, Inc.; c2000.
<BR><EM>[Editor's Note: Technical Note updated on December 30, 2002. This book was added to the Bookshelf after the original note was published.]</EM>
</UL>
<P>
The books in Bookshelf may be searched directly from the Bookshelf site
or via links from the Links pull-down menu from relevant PubMed citations.
</P>
<!--INDEX TERMS:
Bookshelf, New books added
/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html#books
-->
<CENTER><img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"> &nbsp;
<A HREF = "/pubs/techbull/nd02/nd02_technote.html">top of page</A> &nbsp;
<img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" ALT=
"black line separating technical notes" width="50" height="1"></CENTER><BR><BR>
<H3><A NAME = "tools">MeSH<SUP><FONT SIZE =-2>&#174;</FONT></SUP> Tools 2003 Available for Purchase</A></H3>
<FONT size="2"><strong>December 17, 2002</strong> [posted]</font>
<P>
The <EM>Medical Subject Headings - Annotated Alphabetic List, 2003</EM>; <EM>Medical Subject Headings - Tree Structures, 2003</EM>; and
<EM>Permuted Medical Subject Headings, 2003</EM> may now be ordered from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS).
Order and pricing information for these publications can be found on NLM's Web site at: <A HREF="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/pubs.html">
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/pubs.html</A>.
Questions concerning orders may be directed to NTIS at 800-553-NTIS (6847). Callers from outside the U.S. including Canada may reach
NTIS at 703-605-6000. Questions about standing orders should be directed to the NTIS Subscription Section at 703-487-4630.
</P>
<!--INDEX TERMS:
MeSH Tools, Available
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<H3><A NAME = "gateway">New Version of NLM Gateway Released - December 18, 2002</A></H3>
<FONT size="2"><strong>December 31, 2002</strong> [posted]</font>
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On December 18, 2002, a new version of the NLM Gateway was released. Please see <A HREF="http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/gw/Cmd?GMBasicSearch&amp;loc=lhc">What's New</A> on the NLM
Gateway sidebar for details.
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