220 lines
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220 lines
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<!--***********************CHANGE ISSUE DATE AND TITLE BELOW**********************-->
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<title>Entrez Programming Redesign Improves PubMed. NLM Technical Bulletin. 2004 Mar-Apr</title>
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<meta name="DC.Subject.IssueNum" content="337" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.IssueCover" content="/pubs/techbull/ma04/ma04_issue_cover.html" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Redesign" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="PubMed" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Other Term" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="MeSH Terms" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Journal Title" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Health Services Research" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Filter" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Entrez" />
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</head>
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<body link="#476B47" alink="#476B47" vlink="#476B47" text="#000000" bgcolor="ffffff"><noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MT6MLL" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" title="googletagmanager"></iframe></noscript><script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MT6MLL');</script>
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<tr><td width="30"> </td><td width="470"><font size="2"><strong>April 1, 2004</strong> [posted]</font><br /></td><td width="30"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td width="30"> </td><td width="470">
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<!--************************INDICATE TITLE OF ARTICLE BELOW*********************-->
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<tr><td width="30"> </td><td width="470"><font size="5"><strong>Entrez Programming Redesign Improves PubMed<sup><font size="-2">®</font></sup></strong></font><br /></td><td width="30"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td width="30"> </td><td width="470">
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<!--************************Change graphic to match first letter of article*************************-->
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<br />
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<p>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/t.gif" border=0 align="left" alt="drop cap letter for t" />
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he Entrez programming software used by PubMed was recently enhanced to improve and make consistent the way in which PubMed interprets users' queries. Samples of these improvements follow with examples of actual PubMed queries, which were previously unsuccessful, but will now retrieve citations.
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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A colon between numbers is interpreted as a ranging operator (e.g., 2002:2004 [dp]); otherwise the colon will be ignored.<br /><br />
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benign breast lumps: harmless but need attention
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<br /><br /></li>
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<li>
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If an operator (AND, OR, NOT) is not entered when combining nested terms with other terms, the AND operator will be applied.<br /><br />
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rabies (cat OR rabbit)
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<br /><br /></li>
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<li>
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Hyphens continue to indicate a phrase search. If the phrase is not found in the index of searchable terms, however, PubMed will combine the individual words from the phrase using the AND operator. A notice indicating that the term (as a phrase) was not found will be displayed on the results screen.<br /><br />
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healthy-full-term</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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<strong>Notices of Errors and Details</strong><br>
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If the searcher enters a query with errors (see <a href="#fig1">Figure 1</a>), PubMed will display a notice of this on the results screen (see <a href="#fig2">Figure 2</a>) with a link to the Details screen.
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</p>
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<p>
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The Details screen reflects PubMed's improvements. The Query translation box on this screen (see <a href="#fig3">Figure 3</a>), which shows how terms from the query were translated, no longer displays terms not found in the database. These will continue to appear under Phrase(s) Not Found. If the search query has other errors, e.g., the parentheses are unbalanced, or a search tag has been used incorrectly, a notice of this will display on the results screen, "Syntax error in query. See Details." (see <a href="#fig2">Figure 2</a>.) On the Details screen, under User Query (see <a href="#fig3">Figure 3</a>), look for one or more characters in another color, which indicates the query needs to be reviewed. For example, if a parenthesis is highlighted, the query should be checked for the balanced use of parentheses.
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</p>
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<center>
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<a name="fig1"> </A>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/ma04/graphics/parser_1.gif" alt="Figure 1: Pilot Health Services Research (HSR) Filters for Searching PubMed Home Page" />
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</center>
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<br />
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<center>
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<a name="fig2"> </A>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/ma04/graphics/parser_2.gif" alt="Figure 2: Pilot Health Services Research (HSR) Filters for Searching PubMed Home Page" />
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</center>
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<br />
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<center>
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<a name="fig3"> </A>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/ma04/graphics/parser_3.gif" alt="Figure 3: Pilot Health Services Research (HSR) Filters for Searching PubMed Home Page" />
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</center>
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<p>
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For more information about how PubMed interprets queries, see <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK3827/#pubmedhelp.Combining_search_ter">Combining Search Terms with Boolean Operators</a> in PubMed Help.
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Note: Controlled terms (i.e., MeSH terms and <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK3827/#pubmedhelp.How_do_I_search_by_j">journal</a> titles or abbreviations) should continue to be entered following the guidelines provided in <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK3830/">Help</a>.
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</p>
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<br /><br />
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<p>
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<!--************************Indicate article author and section below*******************************-->
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<STRONG>By Annette M. Nahin</STRONG><br />
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<STRONG>MEDLARS Management Section</STRONG><br />
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</P>
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<!--************************INDICATE INDEXING TERMS BELOW**********************-->
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<!--
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<p><STRONG>Indexing Terms</STRONG></P>
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<p>PubMed. Changes for 2004. Unbalanced Parentheses in Searches Highlighted.</P>
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<P>PubMed. Changes for 2004. Invalid Terms Not Displayed in Query Translation.</P>
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<P>PubMed. Changes for 2004. Query Translation.</P>
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<P>Parenthesis. PubMed.</P>
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<P>Details. PubMed.</P>
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<P>Query Translation. PubMed.</P>
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-->
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<!--************************END INDEXING TERMS*********************************-->
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/black_pixel.gif" width="450" height="1" alt="black line separting article from citation" />
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<p>
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<!--************************CHANGE CITATION INFORMATION BELOW*****************************-->
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<em>Nahin AM. Entrez Programming Redesign Improves PubMed<sup><font size="-2">®</font></sup>. NLM Tech Bull. 2004 Mar-Apr;(337):e4.</em>
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<!--************************END CITATION INFORMATION********************************-->
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</p>
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<font size="2" face="helvetica, arial"><a href="/nlmhome.html">U.S. National Library of Medicine</a>, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894<br /><a href="http://www.nih.gov/">National Institutes of Health</a>, <a href="//www.hhs.gov/">Department of Health & Human Services</a><br /><a href="/copyright.html">Copyright</a>, <a href="/privacy.html">Privacy</a>, <a href="/accessibility.html">Accessibility</a>, <a href="http://www.nih.gov/icd/od/foia/index.htm">Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)</a><br/><a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a>
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Last updated: 14 August 2012
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