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<title>Change to PubMed's Automatic Term Mapping Affects Phrase Searching. NLM Technical Bulletin. 2003 Mar-Apr</title>
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<meta name="DC.Subject.IssueNum" content="331" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Automatic Term Mapping" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Cubby" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Medical Subject Headings" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Unified Medical Language System" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Update" />
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<td width="30"> </td><td width="470"><font size="2"><strong>March 06, 2003</strong> [posted]</font><br /></td>
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<tr><td width="30"> </td>
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<td width="470"><font size="2"><strong>September 11, 2003</strong> <a href="#updated">[updated]</a></font></td>
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<td width="30"> </td>
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<td width="470"><font size="5"><strong>Change to PubMed's<sup><font size=-2>®</font></sup> Automatic Term Mapping Affects Phrase Searching</strong></font><br /></td>
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<td width="30"> </td>
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</tr>
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<!--************************change graphic to match first letter of article*************************-->
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/new_tb_graphics/p.gif" border="0" align="left" alt="drop cap letter for p"/>
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ubMed optimizes searches using a process known as
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<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/static/help/pmhelp.html#AutomaticTermMapping">
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Automatic Term Mapping</a> (ATM).
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ATM compares terms from the search query with lists of terms:
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MeSH (including <a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/umls.html">UMLS</a> mappings), journal titles,
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author names, and phrases.
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The list of phrases includes many with embedded MeSH terms, e.g., acute otitis media.
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If a searcher's query includes a phrase found on the phrase list, it halts further comparisons
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with other lists and searches the complete phrase "acute otitis media" rather than mapping to:
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</p>
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<p>
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acute[All Fields] AND ("otitis media"[MeSH Terms] OR otitis media[Text Word])
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</p>
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<p>
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To resolve this problem and improve searching, the phrase list will be removed from Automatic Term Mapping.
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At that time ATM will work with:
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</p>
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<ol>
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<li>The MeSH Translation Table</li>
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<li>The Journals Translation Table</li>
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<li>The Author Index</li>
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</ol>
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<p><a name="updated" id="updated"></a>[Editor's Note: This change to Automatic Term Mapping was implemented on April 10, 2003.]
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</p>
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<p>
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<strong>Phrase Searching</strong><br />
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PubMed will continue to search for phrases under these conditions:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>The phrase is entered with a search tag:<br />
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kidney allograft [tw]</li>
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<li>The phrase is enclosed in double quotes. (The absence of a search tag indicates the search should be conducted in All Fields.):<br />
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"kidney allograft"</li>
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<li>The term is hyphenated:<br />
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first-line</li>
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<li>The term is truncated:<br />
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kidney allograft*</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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These formats for phrase searching instruct PubMed to <strong>bypass</strong> ATM and look for the phrase in
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PubMed's Index of searchable terms. If the phrase is in the Index, PubMed will retrieve
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citations that contain the phrase.
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</p>
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<p>
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The Index, which includes phrases from the former ATM phrase list, can be browsed on
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PubMed's <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/static/help/pmhelp.html#Index">Preview/Index</a> screen.
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For more information about Phrase searching on PubMed, please see
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<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query/static/help/pmhelp.html#PhraseSearching">Help</a>.
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(If you are unable to search a phrase in PubMed, please write to
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<a href="mailto:custserv@nlm.nih.gov">custserv@nlm.nih.gov</a> and let us know.)
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</p>
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<p>
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<strong>Check Searches</strong><br />
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If you have Cubby stored searches, you may want to see if they include terms that will be
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affected by this change. To do this, log into the Cubby. On the list of your stored searches,
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click on the name of a search. This takes you to the Stored Search Information screen for that
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search. Click on the <strong>Search</strong> button to run your search (without updating it). On the screen
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with the search results, click on <strong>Details</strong>. Look for multi-word terms in the PubMed Query box
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that are tagged with [All Fields] (see <a href="#fig1">Figure 1</a>). Phrases with embedded MeSH terms are probably
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best left alone as these will translate in accordance with ATM (see <a href="#fig2">Figure 2</a>).
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</p>
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<center>
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<a name="fig1" id="fig1"> </a>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/ma03/graphics/phrase_1.gif" alt="Translation of chronic urinary tract infections with current version of Automatic Term Mapping (ATM)"/>
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</center>
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<br /><br />
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<center>
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<a name="fig2" id="fig2"> </a>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/ma03/graphics/phrase_2.gif" alt="New version of ATM will recognize MeSH"/>
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</center>
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<p>
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If, after this change is implemented, you find that terms have mapped in an undesirable way (see <a href="#fig3">Figure 3</a>), you may want to consider
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re-storing your search with the phrase in quotes (see <a href="#fig4">Figure 4</a>) to ensure a phrase search in All Fields.
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</p>
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<center>
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<a name="fig3" id="fig3"> </a>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/ma03/graphics/phrase_3.gif" alt="Translation of mongolian spots with new version of ATM"/>
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</center>
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<br /><br />
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<center>
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<a name="fig4" id="fig4"> </a>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/ma03/graphics/phrase_4.gif" alt="Search term with quotes to ensure phrase search"/>
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</center>
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<p>
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After you have re-stored a search, use the Delete Selected Searches option in the Cubby to
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remove the old strategy. For more information about using the Cubby,
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see PubMed's <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/static/help/pmhelp.html#Cubby">Help</a>
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and also our article, <a href="/pubs/techbull/nd01/nd01_cubby_handson.html"><em>
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Revising PubMed<sup><font size=-2>®</font></sup> Cubby Stored Searches</em></a>.
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</p>
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<p>
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<strong>This change is expected to go into effect in early April. Watch PubMed's Home Page for an announcement or check
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<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query/static/new.html">New/Noteworthy</a>.</strong>
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</p>
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<center>
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<table cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="400" border="1" summary="replaced headings">
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<tbody>
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<tr valign="middle" align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="left" width="400" headers="a1"><strong>To quote or not to quote?</strong>
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It is important that searches be entered initially <strong>without</strong>
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quotes around terms to benefit from Automatic Term Mapping. Use the Details feature to see
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how the terms were mapped. If the mapping is not appropriate, or the retrieval was not as
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specific as desired, quoting terms can then be considered. </td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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<br /><br />
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<!--************************indicate article author and section below*******************************-->
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<strong>By Annette M. Nahin</strong><br />
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<strong>MEDLARS Management Section</strong><br />
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</p>
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<!--************************indicate indexing terms below**********************-->
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<!--
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<p><strong>Indexing Terms</strong></p>
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<p>PubMed, Automatic Term Mapping (ATM), Phrase list removed</p>
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<p>Automatic Term Mapping (ATM), see PubMed</p>
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-->
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<!--************************end indexing terms*********************************-->
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<p>
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<!--************************change citation information below*****************************-->
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<em>Nahin AM. Change to PubMed's Automatic Term Mapping Affects Phrase Searching. NLM Tech Bull. 2003 Mar-Apr;(331):e3.</em>
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<!--************************end citation information********************************-->
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