2187 lines
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|
||
<a href="/science-education/beams-challenge" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/143486"> <span>Lesson Plans</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/science-education/meet-a-scientist" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/141721"> <span>Meet a Scientist</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLYH1eUq1QYrqrvA6HRRgKHcPsoJoJA6Kj" target="_blank" class="link"> <span>Featured Videos</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/science-education/glossary" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="science-education/glossary"> <span>Glossary</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__primary-item">
|
||
|
||
<button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-5">
|
||
<span>News & Events </span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
<div id="extended-mega-nav-section-5" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
|
||
|
||
<div class="grid-row mm-container">
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col flex-auto duplicated-parent">
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span><a href="/news-events" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/156671">News & Events</a> <span class="uswds-arrow-forward"></span></span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="grid-row mm-container">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col-4 submenu-list-container">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span target="_self" class="nolink"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-heading">NEWS</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
<ul id="basic-nav-section-1" class="usa-nav__submenu-list">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/newsroom" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/newsroom"> <span>Newsroom</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/press-releases" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/press-releases"> <span>Press Releases</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/science-highlights" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/science-highlights"> <span>Science Highlights</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/nibib-news" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/nibib-news"> <span>NIBIB in the News</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col-4 submenu-list-container">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span class="nolink"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-heading">EVENTS</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
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|
||
<ul id="basic-nav-section-2" class="usa-nav__submenu-list">
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/meetings-events/upcoming-events" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/meetings-events/upcoming-events"> <span>Upcoming Events</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/meetings-events/past-events" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/meetings-events/past-events"> <span>Past Events</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
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|
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|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/news-events/meetings-events/photo-galleries" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-events/meetings-events/photo-galleries"> <span>Event Photos</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col-4 submenu-list-container">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span target="_self" class="nolink"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-heading">MEDIA RESOURCES</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
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|
||
<ul id="basic-nav-section-3" class="usa-nav__submenu-list">
|
||
|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/science-education/science-topics" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/131271"> <span>Science Topics</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="mailto:nibibpress@mail.nih.gov" target="_self" class="link"> <span>Contact Us</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__primary-item">
|
||
|
||
<button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-6">
|
||
<span>About NIBIB </span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="extended-mega-nav-section-6" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
|
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|
||
<div class="grid-row mm-container">
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col flex-auto duplicated-parent">
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span><a href="/about-nibib" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/156676">About NIBIB</a> <span class="uswds-arrow-forward"></span></span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="grid-row mm-container">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col-4 submenu-list-container">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span target="_self" class="nolink"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-heading">WHO WE ARE</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul id="basic-nav-section-1" class="usa-nav__submenu-list">
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/mission" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/79861"> <span>Mission & History</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/directors-corner" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/121791"> <span>Director's Corner</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/organizational-chart" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/18836"> <span>Organization Chart</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/advisory-council" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/876"> <span>Advisory Council</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/careers-at-NIBIB" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/131241"> <span>Jobs @ NIBIB</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="desktop:grid-col-4 submenu-list-container">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
<span target="_self" class="nolink"> <span class="usa-nav__submenu-heading">WHAT WE DO</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul id="basic-nav-section-2" class="usa-nav__submenu-list">
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/strategic-plan" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/11846"> <span>Strategic Plan</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="usa-nav__submenu-item">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/about-nibib/budget" target="_self" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/911"> <span>Budget</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-nav__secondary">
|
||
<div>
|
||
<section aria-label="search component" id="nibib-header-search" data-drupal-selector="search-block-form" role="search">
|
||
<form id="search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8" class="usa-search usa-search--small" role="search" action="/searching" method="get">
|
||
<label class="usa-sr-only" for="search-field-en-small">Search</label>
|
||
<input aria-label="Search" class="usa-input" id="edit-keys" data-drupal-selector="edit-keys" data-original-title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." data-toggle="tooltip" type="search" name="q" value="" tabindex="-1"/>
|
||
<button class="usa-button js-form-submit form-submit" name="search_btn" type="submit" value="Search" tabindex="-1">
|
||
<img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/uswds/img/usa-icons-bg/search--white.svg" class="usa-search__submit-icon" alt="Search" />
|
||
</button>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="header-nav__secondary-list">
|
||
<li class="header-nav__secondary-item">
|
||
<a href="/es/nibib-en-espanol"> En Español
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="header-nav__secondary-item">
|
||
<a target="_blank" class="link-list-serve" href="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIBIB/subscriber/edit?preferences=true#tab1"> Join LISTSERV
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</header>
|
||
|
||
<main class="main-content usa-layout-docs usa-section " role="main" id="main-content">
|
||
<div class="grid-container">
|
||
<div class="grid-row breadcrumb-social-share-bar">
|
||
<div class="tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-8">
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="block-breadcrumbs" class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block">
|
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|
||
|
||
<nav class="usa-breadcrumb--wrap" role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumb">
|
||
<ol class="usa-breadcrumb__list">
|
||
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
|
||
<a href="/" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>Home</span></a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
|
||
<a href="/science-education" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>Science Education</span></a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
|
||
<a href="/science-education/glossary" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>Glossary of Terms</span></a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
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</div>
|
||
<div class="tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-4">
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="block-addtoanysharebuttons" class="block block-addtoany block-addtoany-block">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.nibib.nih.gov/science-education/glossary/n" data-a2a-title="Glossary of Terms"><a class="a2a_button_email"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_email a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/email-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_facebook a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/facebook-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span></a><a class="a2a_button_linkedin"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_linkedin a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/linkedin-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_x a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/x-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span
|
||
</a><a class="a2a_button_whatsapp"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_whatsapp a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/whatsapp-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span></a><a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_share a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/share-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Share" width="27" height="27"></span></a></span>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="">
|
||
<div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="grid-row ">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="grid-row grid-gap">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-layout-docs__main desktop:grid-col-fill">
|
||
|
||
<div id="block-nibib-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-glossary-page view-id-glossary_page view-display-id-page_1 js-view-dom-id-afe3ceb7df56072d53f120f81560b71c2cfd88825be0a720ab4453c71f6e1fe4">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="view-filters">
|
||
<form class="views-exposed-form bef-exposed-form usa-form" data-bef-auto-submit-full-form="" data-bef-auto-submit="" data-bef-auto-submit-delay="500" data-drupal-selector="views-exposed-form-glossary-page-page-1" action="/science-education/glossary/n" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-glossary-page-page-1" accept-charset="UTF-8">
|
||
<div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-textfield js-form-type-textfield form-item-title js-form-item-title">
|
||
<label for="edit-title" class="usa-label control-label">Search Glossary</label>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input placeholder="Start typing a term" data-drupal-selector="edit-title" type="text" id="edit-title" name="title" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" class="form-text usa-input" />
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions">
|
||
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<h3>N</h3>
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<li><h4 class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><span id="g-43096" class="glossary-link">Nanoparticles</span></span></h4><div class="views-field views-field-field-summary"><div class="field-content">Ultrafine particles between 1 and 100 nanometers in size. The size is similar to that of most biological molecules and structures. Nanoparticles can be engineered for a wide variety of biomedical uses including diagnostic devices, contrast agents, physical therapy applications, and drug delivery vehicles. A nanoparticle is approximately 1/10,000 the width of a human hair. Nanoparticles are generally 1000 times smaller than microparticles.</div></div></li>
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<li><h4 class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><span id="g-43101" class="glossary-link">Nanotechnology</span></span></h4><div class="views-field views-field-field-summary"><div class="field-content">The manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. Research areas include surface science, molecular biology, semiconductor physics, and microfabrication. Applications are diverse and include device physics, molecular self-assembly, and precisely manipulating atoms and molecules.</div></div></li>
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<li><h4 class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><span id="g-43106" class="glossary-link">Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) </span></span></h4><div class="views-field views-field-field-summary"><div class="field-content">A spectroscopic method that uses the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum for pharmaceutical and medical diagnostics, typically measurements of blood sugar and blood oxygen levels.</div></div></li>
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<li><h4 class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><span id="g-133956" class="glossary-link">near-infrared light</span></span></h4><div class="views-field views-field-field-summary"><div class="field-content">wavelengths of light that are slightly larger than those visible to the human eye</div></div></li>
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<li><h4 class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><span id="g-128296" class="glossary-link">Neural Networks </span></span></h4><div class="views-field views-field-field-summary"><div class="field-content">A machine learning approach modeled after the brain in which algorithms process signals via interconnected nodes called artificial neurons. Mimicking biological nervous systems, artificial neural networks have been used successfully to recognize and predict patterns of neural signals involved in brain function.</div></div></li>
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<li><h4 class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><span id="g-43111" class="glossary-link">Neuroimaging</span></span></h4><div class="views-field views-field-field-summary"><div class="field-content">Includes the use of a number of techniques to image the structure and function of the brain, spinal cord, and associated structures. </div></div></li>
|
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<li><h4 class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><span id="g-148986" class="glossary-link">Neuromodulation</span></span></h4><div class="views-field views-field-field-summary"><div class="field-content">An external alteration of nerve activity through delivery of a distinct stimulus, such as a magnetic field or electric current. </div></div></li>
|
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<li><h4 class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><span id="g-43116" class="glossary-link">Neuroprosthetics</span></span></h4><div class="views-field views-field-field-summary"><div class="field-content">A broad discipline of neuroscience and biomedical engineering concerned with developing devices that can substitute a motor, sensory or cognitive function lost due to injury or disease. Examples encompass a wide range including cochlear implants, visual prosthetics, and brain-computer interfaces for conscious control of movement in paralyzed individuals. </div></div></li>
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<li><h4 class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><span id="g-43121" class="glossary-link">Nuclear Medicine </span></span></h4><div class="views-field views-field-field-summary"><div class="field-content">A medical specialty that uses radioactive tracers (radiopharmaceuticals) to assess bodily functions and to diagnose and treat disease. Diagnostic nuclear medicine relies heavily on imaging techniques that measure cellular function and physiology. </div></div></li>
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