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<meta name="keywords" content="C5830399, disease or syndrome, pof21, premature ovarian failure 21, tp63, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Premature ovarian failure-21 (POF21) is characterized by female infertility due to primary or secondary amenorrhea. Ovaries are small, atrophic, or nonvisualized on ultrasound (Tucker et al., 2019; Tucker et al., 2022).&#13; For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of POF, see POF1 (311360)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=1841035
ConceptID=C5830399
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Premature ovarian failure 21<span class="h1sub">(POF21)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1841035</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C5830399</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>POF21</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="TP63 - ID: 8626 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/8626" class="medgenPMinfo">TP63</a> (3q28)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0957216" target="_blank">MONDO:0957216</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/620311" target="_blank">620311</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Premature ovarian failure-21 (POF21) is characterized by female infertility due to primary or secondary amenorrhea. Ovaries are small, atrophic, or nonvisualized on ultrasound (Tucker et al., 2019; Tucker et al., 2022).&#13; For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of POF, see POF1 (311360). [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_115918"><div><strong>Primary amenorrhea</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>115918</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0232939</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally late or absent menarche in a female with normal secondary sexual characteristics.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/115918">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Primary%20amenorrhea%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20115918%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_115919"><div><strong>Secondary amenorrhea</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>115919</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0232940</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The cessation of menstruation for six months or more in a female that is not pregnant, breastfeeding or menopausal.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/115919">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Secondary%20amenorrhea%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20115919%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_78597"><div><strong>Streak ovary</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>78597</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0266371</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A developmental disorder characterized by the progressive loss of primordial germ cells in the developing ovaries of an embryo, leading to hypoplastic ovaries composed of wavy connective tissue with occasional clumps of granulosa cells, and frequently mesonephric or hilar cells.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/78597">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Streak%20ovary%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2078597%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_69129"><div><strong>Decreased serum estradiol</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>69129</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0241011</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduction below normal concentration of estradiol in the circulation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/69129">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Decreased%20serum%20estradiol%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2069129%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_543449"><div><strong>Precocious puberty in females</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>543449</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0271616</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The onset of puberty before the age of 8 years in girls.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/543449">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Precocious%20puberty%20in%20females%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20543449%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_867192"><div><strong>Elevated circulating follicle stimulating hormone level</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>867192</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4021550</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An elevated concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/867192">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%20circulating%20follicle%20stimulating%20hormone%20level%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20867192%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the endocrine system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_69129" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Decreased serum estradiol</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_867192" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated circulating follicle stimulating hormone level</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_543449" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Precocious puberty in females</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the genitourinary system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_115918" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Primary amenorrhea</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_115919" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Secondary amenorrhea</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_78597" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Streak ovary</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37011633">Long-term follow-up to assess criteria for ovarian tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation in young women and girls with cancer.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Duffin K,
Howie R,
Kelsey TW,
Wallace HB,
Anderson RA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hum Reprod</span>
2023 Jun 1;38(6):1076-1085.
doi: 10.1093/humrep/dead060.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37011633" target="_blank">37011633</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10233253" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30392440">Investigation and treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency: A multi-disciplinary review of practice.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Richardson A,
Haridass SA,
Ward E,
Ayres J,
Baskind NE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Post Reprod Health</span>
2018 Dec;24(4):155-162.
Epub 2018 Nov 4
doi: 10.1177/2053369118811233.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30392440" target="_blank">30392440</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1605764">Premature menopause management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hague WM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Aust Fam Physician</span>
1992 Mar;21(3):252-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1605764" target="_blank">1605764</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(premature%20ovarian%20failure%2021)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (20)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37752349">The menopausal transition period and cardiovascular risk.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mehta JM,
Manson JE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Cardiol</span>
2024 Mar;21(3):203-211.
Epub 2023 Sep 26
doi: 10.1038/s41569-023-00926-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37752349" target="_blank">37752349</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37257704">Dingkun Pill modulate ovarian function in chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian insufficiency mice by regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a signaling pathway.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Su C,
Zhang R,
Zhang X,
Lv M,
Liu X,
Ao K,
Hao J,
Mu YL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Ethnopharmacol</span>
2023 Oct 28;315:116703.
Epub 2023 May 29
doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116703.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37257704" target="_blank">37257704</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33348841">The Role of Arachidonic and Linoleic Acid Derivatives in Pathological Pregnancies and the Human Reproduction Process.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Szczuko M,
Kikut J,
Komorniak N,
Bilicki J,
Celewicz Z,
Ziętek M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
2020 Dec 17;21(24)
doi: 10.3390/ijms21249628.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33348841" target="_blank">33348841</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7766587" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26243799">Genetics of primary ovarian insufficiency: new developments and opportunities.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Qin Y,
Jiao X,
Simpson JL,
Chen ZJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hum Reprod Update</span>
2015 Nov-Dec;21(6):787-808.
Epub 2015 Aug 4
doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmv036.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26243799" target="_blank">26243799</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4594617" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11076338">Premature menopause and psychological well-being.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Liao KL,
Wood N,
Conway GS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol</span>
2000 Sep;21(3):167-74.
doi: 10.3109/01674820009075624.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11076338" target="_blank">11076338</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Premature%20ovarian%20failure%2021%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (266)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37779405">The Effect of Menopause and Menopausal Hormone Therapy on the Risk of Peripheral Artery Disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Anagnostis P,
Mikhailidis DP,
Blinc A,
Jensterle M,
Ježovnik MK,
Schernthaner GH,
Antignani PL,
Studen KB,
Šabović M,
Poredos P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Vasc Pharmacol</span>
2023;21(5):293-296.
doi: 10.2174/0115701611263345230919122907.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37779405" target="_blank">37779405</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36200708">Hormone therapy for uterine and endometrial development in women with premature ovarian insufficiency.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Craciunas L,
Zdoukopoulos N,
Vinayagam S,
Mohiyiddeen L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cochrane Database Syst Rev</span>
2022 Oct 6;10(10):CD008209.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008209.pub2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36200708" target="_blank">36200708</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9536017" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33348841">The Role of Arachidonic and Linoleic Acid Derivatives in Pathological Pregnancies and the Human Reproduction Process.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Szczuko M,
Kikut J,
Komorniak N,
Bilicki J,
Celewicz Z,
Ziętek M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
2020 Dec 17;21(24)
doi: 10.3390/ijms21249628.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33348841" target="_blank">33348841</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7766587" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31706432">Menopause guideline appraisal and algorithm development for premature ovarian insufficiency.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yeganeh L,
Boyle JA,
Wood A,
Teede H,
Vincent AJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Maturitas</span>
2019 Dec;130:21-31.
Epub 2019 Sep 22
doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.09.009.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31706432" target="_blank">31706432</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30776968">British Menopause Society consensus statement on the management of estrogen deficiency symptoms, arthralgia and menopause diagnosis in women treated for early breast cancer.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Marsden J,
Marsh M,
Rigg A;
British Menopause Society</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Post Reprod Health</span>
2019 Mar;25(1):21-32.
Epub 2019 Feb 18
doi: 10.1177/2053369118824920.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30776968" target="_blank">30776968</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Premature%20ovarian%20failure%2021%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (123)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38589612">Efficacy of intra-ovarian injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma in women with poor responders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vahabi Dastjerdi M,
Sheibani S,
Taheri M,
Hezarcheshmeh FK,
Jahangirian J,
Jazayeri M,
Hosseinirad H,
Doohandeh T,
Valizadeh R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Gynecol Obstet</span>
2024 Jun;309(6):2323-2338.
Epub 2024 Apr 8
doi: 10.1007/s00404-024-07442-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38589612" target="_blank">38589612</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37257704">Dingkun Pill modulate ovarian function in chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian insufficiency mice by regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a signaling pathway.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Su C,
Zhang R,
Zhang X,
Lv M,
Liu X,
Ao K,
Hao J,
Mu YL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Ethnopharmacol</span>
2023 Oct 28;315:116703.
Epub 2023 May 29
doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116703.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37257704" target="_blank">37257704</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36200708">Hormone therapy for uterine and endometrial development in women with premature ovarian insufficiency.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Craciunas L,
Zdoukopoulos N,
Vinayagam S,
Mohiyiddeen L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cochrane Database Syst Rev</span>
2022 Oct 6;10(10):CD008209.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008209.pub2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36200708" target="_blank">36200708</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9536017" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36180908">Metabolic differences in women with premature ovarian insufficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cai WY,
Luo X,
Wu W,
Song J,
Xie NN,
Duan C,
Wu XK,
Xu J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Ovarian Res</span>
2022 Sep 30;15(1):109.
doi: 10.1186/s13048-022-01041-w.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36180908" target="_blank">36180908</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9524128" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30776968">British Menopause Society consensus statement on the management of estrogen deficiency symptoms, arthralgia and menopause diagnosis in women treated for early breast cancer.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Marsden J,
Marsh M,
Rigg A;
British Menopause Society</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Post Reprod Health</span>
2019 Mar;25(1):21-32.
Epub 2019 Feb 18
doi: 10.1177/2053369118824920.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30776968" target="_blank">30776968</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Premature%20ovarian%20failure%2021%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (134)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36348314">Technology-free predictors of preterm birth in singleton women with threatened preterm labor: a prospective cohort study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Najjarzadeha M,
Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi S,
Abbasalizadeh S,
Asghari-Jafarabadi M,
Mirghafourvand M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMC Pregnancy Childbirth</span>
2022 Nov 8;22(1):826.
doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-05155-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36348314" target="_blank">36348314</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9641943" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33686417">Primary Ovarian Insufficiency in Women With Addison's Disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vogt EC,
Breivik L,
Røyrvik EC,
Grytaas M,
Husebye ES,
Øksnes M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Endocrinol Metab</span>
2021 Jun 16;106(7):e2656-e2663.
doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab140.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33686417" target="_blank">33686417</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8208662" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33348841">The Role of Arachidonic and Linoleic Acid Derivatives in Pathological Pregnancies and the Human Reproduction Process.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Szczuko M,
Kikut J,
Komorniak N,
Bilicki J,
Celewicz Z,
Ziętek M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
2020 Dec 17;21(24)
doi: 10.3390/ijms21249628.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33348841" target="_blank">33348841</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7766587" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31315936">Unique cardiovascular risk factors in women.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Young L,
Cho L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Heart</span>
2019 Nov;105(21):1656-1660.
Epub 2019 Jul 17
doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2018-314268.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31315936" target="_blank">31315936</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26243799">Genetics of primary ovarian insufficiency: new developments and opportunities.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Qin Y,
Jiao X,
Simpson JL,
Chen ZJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hum Reprod Update</span>
2015 Nov-Dec;21(6):787-808.
Epub 2015 Aug 4
doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmv036.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26243799" target="_blank">26243799</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4594617" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Premature%20ovarian%20failure%2021%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (85)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37257704">Dingkun Pill modulate ovarian function in chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian insufficiency mice by regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a signaling pathway.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Su C,
Zhang R,
Zhang X,
Lv M,
Liu X,
Ao K,
Hao J,
Mu YL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Ethnopharmacol</span>
2023 Oct 28;315:116703.
Epub 2023 May 29
doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116703.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37257704" target="_blank">37257704</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33348841">The Role of Arachidonic and Linoleic Acid Derivatives in Pathological Pregnancies and the Human Reproduction Process.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Szczuko M,
Kikut J,
Komorniak N,
Bilicki J,
Celewicz Z,
Ziętek M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
2020 Dec 17;21(24)
doi: 10.3390/ijms21249628.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33348841" target="_blank">33348841</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7766587" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31706432">Menopause guideline appraisal and algorithm development for premature ovarian insufficiency.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yeganeh L,
Boyle JA,
Wood A,
Teede H,
Vincent AJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Maturitas</span>
2019 Dec;130:21-31.
Epub 2019 Sep 22
doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.09.009.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31706432" target="_blank">31706432</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26243799">Genetics of primary ovarian insufficiency: new developments and opportunities.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Qin Y,
Jiao X,
Simpson JL,
Chen ZJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hum Reprod Update</span>
2015 Nov-Dec;21(6):787-808.
Epub 2015 Aug 4
doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmv036.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26243799" target="_blank">26243799</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4594617" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16790102">An evolutionary concept of polycystic ovarian disease: does evolution favour reproductive success over survival?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gleicher N,
Barad D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Reprod Biomed Online</span>
2006 May;12(5):587-9.
doi: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61184-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16790102" target="_blank">16790102</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Premature%20ovarian%20failure%2021%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (144)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38688464">Recommended measurement instruments for menopausal vasomotor symptoms: the COMMA (Core Outcomes in Menopause) consortium.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lensen S,
Paramanandam VS,
Gabes M,
Kann G,
Donhauser T,
Waters NF,
Li AD,
Peate M,
Susanto NS,
Caughey LE,
Rangoonwal F,
Liu J,
Condron P,
Anagnostis P,
Archer DF,
Avis NE,
Bell RJ,
Carpenter JS,
Chedraui P,
Christmas M,
Davies M,
Hillard T,
Hunter MS,
Iliodromiti S,
Jaff NG,
Jaisamrarn U,
Joffe H,
Khandelwal S,
Kiesel L,
Maki PM,
Mishra GD,
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Panay N,
Pines A,
Roberts H,
Rozenberg S,
Rueda C,
Shifren J,
Simon JA,
Simpson P,
Siregar MFG,
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Garcia JT,
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Wolfman W,
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Sheibani S,
Taheri M,
Hezarcheshmeh FK,
Jahangirian J,
Jazayeri M,
Hosseinirad H,
Doohandeh T,
Valizadeh R</span><br />
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2024 Jun;309(6):2323-2338.
Epub 2024 Apr 8
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38589612" target="_blank">38589612</a></div>
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Xu Y,
Kondracki AJ,
Sun Y</span><br />
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2024 Mar;230(3):315-329.e31.
Epub 2023 Oct 10
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36389844">Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in premature ovarian failure: Mechanisms and prospects.</a></div>
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Zhu M,
Liu Z,
Hu R,
Li F,
Song Y,
Geng Y,
Ma W,
Song K,
Zhang M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Immunol</span>
2022;13:997808.
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36180908">Metabolic differences in women with premature ovarian insufficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cai WY,
Luo X,
Wu W,
Song J,
Xie NN,
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Wu XK,
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2022 Sep 30;15(1):109.
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<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Premature%20ovarian%20failure%2021%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (15)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(premature%20ovarian%20failure%2021)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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