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<meta name="keywords" content="C5436934, disease or syndrome, mc2dn3, mitochondrial complex 2 deficiency, nuclear type 3, mitochondrial complex ii deficiency, nuclear type 3, sdhd, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Mitochondrial complex II deficiency nuclear type 3 (MC2DN3) is an autosomal recessive multisystemic metabolic disorder with a highly variable phenotype. Some patients may have an encephalomyopathic picture with episodic developmental regression, loss of motor skills, hypotonia, ataxia, dystonia, and seizures or myoclonus. Other patients present in infancy with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which may be fatal. Laboratory studies show increased serum lactate and mitochondrial complex II deficiency in muscle and fibroblasts (summary by Jackson et al., 2014 and Alston et al., 2015). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of MC2DN, see MC2DN1 (252011)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
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||
UID=1751884
|
||
ConceptID=C5436934
|
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-->
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<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Mitochondrial complex 2 deficiency, nuclear type 3<span class="h1sub">(MC2DN3)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1751884</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C5436934</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
|
||
<td>MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX II DEFICIENCY, NUCLEAR TYPE 3</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
|
||
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
|
||
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="SDHD - ID: 6392 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/6392" class="medgenPMinfo">SDHD</a> (11q23.1)</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
|
||
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0030937" target="_blank">MONDO:0030937</a></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
|
||
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/619167" target="_blank">619167</a></td></tr>
|
||
</tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">Mitochondrial complex II deficiency nuclear type 3 (MC2DN3) is an autosomal recessive multisystemic metabolic disorder with a highly variable phenotype. Some patients may have an encephalomyopathic picture with episodic developmental regression, loss of motor skills, hypotonia, ataxia, dystonia, and seizures or myoclonus. Other patients present in infancy with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which may be fatal. Laboratory studies show increased serum lactate and mitochondrial complex II deficiency in muscle and fibroblasts (summary by Jackson et al., 2014 and Alston et al., 2015). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of MC2DN, see MC2DN1 (252011). [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
|
||
</div>
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||
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_56402"><div><strong>Ketonuria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>56402</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0162275</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">High levels of ketone bodies (acetoacetic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, and acetone) in the urine. Ketone bodies are insignificant in the blood and urine of normal individuals in the postprandial or overnight-fasted state.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/56402">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ketonuria%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2056402%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_871116"><div><strong>Lacticaciduria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>871116</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4025585</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">An increased concentration of lactic acid in the urine.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/871116">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Lacticaciduria%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20871116%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_2880"><div><strong>Primary dilated cardiomyopathy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>2880</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0007193</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Familial dilated cardiomyopathy is a genetic form of heart disease. It occurs when heart (cardiac) muscle becomes thin and weakened in at least one chamber of the heart, causing the open area of the chamber to become enlarged (dilated). As a result, the heart is unable to pump blood as efficiently as usual. To compensate, the heart attempts to increase the amount of blood being pumped through the heart, leading to further thinning and weakening of the cardiac muscle. Over time, this condition results in heart failure.\n\nIt usually takes many years for symptoms of familial dilated cardiomyopathy to cause health problems. They typically begin in mid-adulthood, but can occur at any time from infancy to late adulthood. Signs and symptoms of familial dilated cardiomyopathy can include an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), shortness of breath (dyspnea), extreme tiredness (fatigue), fainting episodes (syncope), and swelling of the legs and feet. In some cases, the first sign of the disorder is sudden cardiac death. The severity of the condition varies among affected individuals, even in members of the same family.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/2880">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Primary%20dilated%20cardiomyopathy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%202880%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_8891"><div><strong>Patent foramen ovale</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>8891</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0016522</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Failure of the foramen ovale to seal postnatally, leaving a potential conduit between the left and right cardiac atria.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/8891">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Patent%20foramen%20ovale%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%208891%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_7670"><div><strong>Mitral regurgitation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>7670</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0026266</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormality of the mitral valve characterized by insufficiency or incompetence of the mitral valve resulting in retrograde leaking of blood through the mitral valve upon ventricular contraction.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/7670">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Mitral%20regurgitation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%207670%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_11911"><div><strong>Tricuspid regurgitation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>11911</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0040961</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Failure of the tricuspid valve to close sufficiently upon contraction of the right ventricle, causing blood to regurgitate (flow backward) into the right atrium.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/11911">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Tricuspid%20regurgitation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2011911%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57442"><div><strong>Left ventricular hypertrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57442</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0149721</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Enlargement or increased size of the heart left ventricle.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57442">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Left%20ventricular%20hypertrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057442%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_226908"><div><strong>Left ventricular systolic dysfunction</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>226908</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1277187</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormality of left ventricular contraction, often defined operationally as an ejection fraction of less than 40 percent.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/226908">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Left%20ventricular%20systolic%20dysfunction%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20226908%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_450531"><div><strong>Left ventricular noncompaction</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>450531</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1960469</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Left ventricular noncompaction is a heart (cardiac) muscle disorder that occurs when the lower left chamber of the heart (left ventricle), which helps the heart pump blood, does not develop correctly. Instead of the muscle being smooth and firm, the cardiac muscle in the left ventricle is thick and appears spongy. The abnormal cardiac muscle is weak and has an impaired ability to pump blood because it either cannot completely contract or it cannot completely relax. For the heart to pump blood normally, cardiac muscle must contract and relax fully.\n\nSome individuals with left ventricular noncompaction experience no symptoms at all; others have heart problems that can include sudden cardiac death. Additional signs and symptoms include abnormal blood clots, irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia), a sensation of fluttering or pounding in the chest (palpitations), extreme fatigue during exercise (exercise intolerance), shortness of breath (dyspnea), fainting (syncope), swelling of the legs (lymphedema), and trouble laying down flat. Some affected individuals have features of other heart defects. Left ventricular noncompaction can be diagnosed at any age, from birth to late adulthood. Approximately two-thirds of individuals with left ventricular noncompaction develop heart failure.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/450531">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Left%20ventricular%20noncompaction%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20450531%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_42428"><div><strong>Hepatomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>42428</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0019209</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally increased size of the liver.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/42428">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2042428%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65429"><div><strong>Feeding difficulties</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65429</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0232466</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Impaired ability to eat related to problems gathering food and getting ready to suck, chew, or swallow it.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65429">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Feeding%20difficulties%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065429%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_849"><div><strong>Cerebellar ataxia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>849</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0007758</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/849">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cerebellar%20ataxia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20849%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_3940"><div><strong>Dystonic disorder</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>3940</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0013421</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally increased muscular tone that causes fixed abnormal postures. There is a slow, intermittent twisting motion that leads to exaggerated turning and posture of the extremities and trunk.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/3940">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Dystonic%20disorder%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%203940%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10234"><div><strong>Myoclonus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10234</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0027066</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Very brief, involuntary random muscular contractions occurring at rest, in response to sensory stimuli, or accompanying voluntary movements.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10234">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Myoclonus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010234%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_20693"><div><strong>Seizure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>20693</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0036572</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/20693">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Seizure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2020693%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_107838"><div><strong>Global developmental delay</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>107838</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0557874</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/107838">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Global%20developmental%20delay%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20107838%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_324613"><div><strong>Developmental regression</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>324613</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1836830</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Loss of developmental skills, as manifested by loss of developmental milestones.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/324613">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Developmental%20regression%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20324613%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_868367"><div><strong>Reduced brain N-acetyl aspartate level by MRS</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>868367</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4022761</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A decrease in the level of N-acetyl aspartate in the brain identified by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/868367">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Reduced%20brain%20N-acetyl%20aspartate%20level%20by%20MRS%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20868367%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10133"><div><strong>Hypotonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10133</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0026827</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10133">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypotonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010133%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_608952"><div><strong>Secondary microcephaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>608952</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0431352</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Head circumference which falls below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender because of insufficient head growth after birth.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/608952">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Secondary%20microcephaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20608952%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10814"><div><strong>Aspiration pneumonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10814</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0032290</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Pneumonia due to the aspiration (breathing in) of food, liquid, or gastric contents into the upper respiratory tract.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10814">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Aspiration%20pneumonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010814%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1717"><div><strong>Lactic acidosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1717</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0001125</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal buildup of lactic acid in the body, leading to acidification of the blood and other bodily fluids.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1717">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Lactic%20acidosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201717%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_78770"><div><strong>Pendular nystagmus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>78770</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0271388</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Rhythmic, involuntary sinusoidal oscillations of one or both eyes. The waveform of pendular nystagmus may occur in any direction.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/78770">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Pendular%20nystagmus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2078770%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_108218"><div><strong>Optic disc pallor</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>108218</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0554970</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A pale yellow discoloration of the optic disc (the area of the optic nerve head in the retina). The optic disc normally has a pinkish hue with a central yellowish depression.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/108218">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Optic%20disc%20pallor%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20108218%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_777085"><div><strong>Visual impairment</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>777085</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3665347</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Visual impairment (or vision impairment) is vision loss (of a person) to such a degree as to qualify as an additional support need through a significant limitation of visual capability resulting from either disease, trauma, or congenital or degenerative conditions that cannot be corrected by conventional means, such as refractive correction, medication, or surgery.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/777085">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Visual%20impairment%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20777085%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_892305"><div><strong>Decreased activity of mitochondrial complex II</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>892305</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4024705</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduction in the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II, which is part of the electron transport chain in mitochondria.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/892305">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Decreased%20activity%20of%20mitochondrial%20complex%20II%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20892305%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(".TreeLite","#ID_102").TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(".TreeLite","#ID_102").TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormal cellular phenotype</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_892305" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Decreased activity of mitochondrial complex II</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1717" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lactic acidosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57442" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Left ventricular hypertrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_450531" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Left ventricular noncompaction</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_226908" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Left ventricular systolic dysfunction</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_7670" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Mitral regurgitation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_8891" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Patent foramen ovale</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_2880" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Primary dilated cardiomyopathy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_11911" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Tricuspid regurgitation</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the digestive system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65429" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Feeding difficulties</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_42428" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatomegaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_108218" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Optic disc pallor</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_78770" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pendular nystagmus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_777085" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Visual impairment</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the genitourinary system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_56402" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ketonuria</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_871116" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lacticaciduria</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the immune system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10814" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Aspiration pneumonia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10133" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypotonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_608952" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Secondary microcephaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_849" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cerebellar ataxia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_324613" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Developmental regression</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_3940" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Dystonic disorder</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_107838" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Global developmental delay</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10234" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Myoclonus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_868367" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Reduced brain N-acetyl aspartate level by MRS</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_20693" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Seizure</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39113560">Role of AMBRA1 in mitophagy regulation: emerging evidence in aging-related diseases.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Di Rienzo M,
|
||
Romagnoli A,
|
||
Refolo G,
|
||
Vescovo T,
|
||
Ciccosanti F,
|
||
Zuchegna C,
|
||
Lozzi F,
|
||
Occhigrossi L,
|
||
Piacentini M,
|
||
Fimia GM</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Autophagy</span>
|
||
2024 Dec;20(12):2602-2615.
|
||
Epub 2024 Sep 2
|
||
doi: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2389474.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39113560" target="_blank">39113560</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11587829" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38467968">Mitochondrial damage and clearance in retinal pigment epithelial cells.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gurubaran IS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Ophthalmol</span>
|
||
2024 Mar;102 Suppl 282:3-53.
|
||
doi: 10.1111/aos.16661.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38467968" target="_blank">38467968</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35192969">Detecting respiratory chain defects in osteoblasts from osteoarthritic patients using imaging mass cytometry.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hipps D,
|
||
Dobson PF,
|
||
Warren C,
|
||
McDonald D,
|
||
Fuller A,
|
||
Filby A,
|
||
Bulmer D,
|
||
Laude A,
|
||
Russell O,
|
||
Deehan DJ,
|
||
Turnbull DM,
|
||
Lawless C</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Bone</span>
|
||
2022 May;158:116371.
|
||
Epub 2022 Feb 19
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116371.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35192969" target="_blank">35192969</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23827971">Impaired autophagy and APP processing in Alzheimer's disease: The potential role of Beclin 1 interactome.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Salminen A,
|
||
Kaarniranta K,
|
||
Kauppinen A,
|
||
Ojala J,
|
||
Haapasalo A,
|
||
Soininen H,
|
||
Hiltunen M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Prog Neurobiol</span>
|
||
2013 Jul-Aug;106-107:33-54.
|
||
Epub 2013 Jul 1
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.06.002.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23827971" target="_blank">23827971</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19887598">Deficiency of electron transport chain in human skeletal muscle mitochondria in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ritov VB,
|
||
Menshikova EV,
|
||
Azuma K,
|
||
Wood R,
|
||
Toledo FG,
|
||
Goodpaster BH,
|
||
Ruderman NB,
|
||
Kelley DE</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab</span>
|
||
2010 Jan;298(1):E49-58.
|
||
Epub 2009 Nov 3
|
||
doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00317.2009.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19887598" target="_blank">19887598</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2806111" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Mitochondrial%20complex%202%20deficiency%2C%20nuclear%20type%203%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (8)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37389860">Loss of NOR-1 represses muscle metabolism through mTORC1-mediated signaling and mitochondrial gene expression in C2C12 myotubes.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Paez HG,
|
||
Ferrandi PJ,
|
||
Pitzer CR,
|
||
Mohamed JS,
|
||
Alway SE</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">FASEB J</span>
|
||
2023 Aug;37(8):e23050.
|
||
doi: 10.1096/fj.202202029R.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37389860" target="_blank">37389860</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35192969">Detecting respiratory chain defects in osteoblasts from osteoarthritic patients using imaging mass cytometry.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hipps D,
|
||
Dobson PF,
|
||
Warren C,
|
||
McDonald D,
|
||
Fuller A,
|
||
Filby A,
|
||
Bulmer D,
|
||
Laude A,
|
||
Russell O,
|
||
Deehan DJ,
|
||
Turnbull DM,
|
||
Lawless C</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Bone</span>
|
||
2022 May;158:116371.
|
||
Epub 2022 Feb 19
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116371.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35192969" target="_blank">35192969</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27501149">Minnelide/Triptolide Impairs Mitochondrial Function by Regulating SIRT3 in P53-Dependent Manner in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kumar A,
|
||
Corey C,
|
||
Scott I,
|
||
Shiva S,
|
||
D'Cunha J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">PLoS One</span>
|
||
2016;11(8):e0160783.
|
||
Epub 2016 Aug 8
|
||
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160783.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27501149" target="_blank">27501149</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4976872" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25808178">Carney triad, SDH-deficient tumors, and Sdhb+/- mice share abnormal mitochondria.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Szarek E,
|
||
Ball ER,
|
||
Imperiale A,
|
||
Tsokos M,
|
||
Faucz FR,
|
||
Giubellino A,
|
||
Moussallieh FM,
|
||
Namer IJ,
|
||
Abu-Asab MS,
|
||
Pacak K,
|
||
Taïeb D,
|
||
Carney JA,
|
||
Stratakis CA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Endocr Relat Cancer</span>
|
||
2015 Jun;22(3):345-52.
|
||
Epub 2015 Mar 25
|
||
doi: 10.1530/ERC-15-0069.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25808178" target="_blank">25808178</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4433412" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10768087">Beta-cell mitochondria in the regulation of insulin secretion: a new culprit in type II diabetes.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wollheim CB</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Diabetologia</span>
|
||
2000 Mar;43(3):265-77.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s001250050044.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10768087" target="_blank">10768087</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Mitochondrial%20complex%202%20deficiency%2C%20nuclear%20type%203%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (8)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20395592">Erythropoietin activates mitochondrial biogenesis and couples red cell mass to mitochondrial mass in the heart.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Carraway MS,
|
||
Suliman HB,
|
||
Jones WS,
|
||
Chen CW,
|
||
Babiker A,
|
||
Piantadosi CA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Circ Res</span>
|
||
2010 Jun 11;106(11):1722-30.
|
||
Epub 2010 Apr 15
|
||
doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.214353.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20395592" target="_blank">20395592</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2895561" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Mitochondrial%20complex%202%20deficiency%2C%20nuclear%20type%203%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26685157">Loss of the smallest subunit of cytochrome c oxidase, COX8A, causes Leigh-like syndrome and epilepsy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hallmann K,
|
||
Kudin AP,
|
||
Zsurka G,
|
||
Kornblum C,
|
||
Reimann J,
|
||
Stüve B,
|
||
Waltz S,
|
||
Hattingen E,
|
||
Thiele H,
|
||
Nürnberg P,
|
||
Rüb C,
|
||
Voos W,
|
||
Kopatz J,
|
||
Neumann H,
|
||
Kunz WS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Brain</span>
|
||
2016 Feb;139(Pt 2):338-45.
|
||
Epub 2015 Dec 17
|
||
doi: 10.1093/brain/awv357.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26685157" target="_blank">26685157</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Mitochondrial%20complex%202%20deficiency%2C%20nuclear%20type%203%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39113560">Role of AMBRA1 in mitophagy regulation: emerging evidence in aging-related diseases.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Di Rienzo M,
|
||
Romagnoli A,
|
||
Refolo G,
|
||
Vescovo T,
|
||
Ciccosanti F,
|
||
Zuchegna C,
|
||
Lozzi F,
|
||
Occhigrossi L,
|
||
Piacentini M,
|
||
Fimia GM</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Autophagy</span>
|
||
2024 Dec;20(12):2602-2615.
|
||
Epub 2024 Sep 2
|
||
doi: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2389474.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39113560" target="_blank">39113560</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11587829" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38467968">Mitochondrial damage and clearance in retinal pigment epithelial cells.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gurubaran IS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Ophthalmol</span>
|
||
2024 Mar;102 Suppl 282:3-53.
|
||
doi: 10.1111/aos.16661.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38467968" target="_blank">38467968</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35192969">Detecting respiratory chain defects in osteoblasts from osteoarthritic patients using imaging mass cytometry.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hipps D,
|
||
Dobson PF,
|
||
Warren C,
|
||
McDonald D,
|
||
Fuller A,
|
||
Filby A,
|
||
Bulmer D,
|
||
Laude A,
|
||
Russell O,
|
||
Deehan DJ,
|
||
Turnbull DM,
|
||
Lawless C</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Bone</span>
|
||
2022 May;158:116371.
|
||
Epub 2022 Feb 19
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116371.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35192969" target="_blank">35192969</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29523818">Reactive oxygen species stress increases accumulation of tyrosyl-DNA phsosphodiesterase 1 within mitochondria.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fam HK,
|
||
Choi K,
|
||
Fougner L,
|
||
Lim CJ,
|
||
Boerkoel CF</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sci Rep</span>
|
||
2018 Mar 9;8(1):4304.
|
||
doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-22547-8.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29523818" target="_blank">29523818</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5844879" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29021584">Mortalin deficiency suppresses fibrosis and induces apoptosis in keloid spheroids.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lee WJ,
|
||
Ahn HM,
|
||
Na Y,
|
||
Wadhwa R,
|
||
Hong J,
|
||
Yun CO</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sci Rep</span>
|
||
2017 Oct 11;7(1):12957.
|
||
doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13485-y.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29021584" target="_blank">29021584</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5636810" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Mitochondrial%20complex%202%20deficiency%2C%20nuclear%20type%203%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (6)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
|
||
<div id="messagearea_bottom">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class=" bottom">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="supplemental col three_col last">
|
||
<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
|
||
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C5436934%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (8)</a></li>
|
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<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C5436934%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (7)</a></li>
|
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<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C5436934%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (1)</a></li>
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<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C5436934%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (10)</a></total></li>
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<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=1" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67cc4405f4a390645ec1c332">Mitochondrial complex 2 deficiency, nuclear type 3</a>
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