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<meta name="keywords" content="C4310819, atp6ap1, atp6ap1 primary immunodeficiency disease, cdg iis, cdg2s, cdgiis, congenital disorder of glycosylation, type iis, disease or syndrome, imd47, immunodeficiency 47, immunodeficiency 47, x-linked recessive, immunodeficiency 47; imd47, immunodeficiency and hepatopathy with or without neurologic features, immunodeficiency type 47, primary immunodeficiency disease caused by mutation in atp6ap1, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Immunodeficiency-47 (IMD47) is an X-linked recessive complex syndrome characterized by liver dysfunction, recurrent bacterial infections, hypogammaglobulinemia, and defective glycosylation of serum proteins. Some patients also have neurologic abnormalities (summary by Jansen et al., 2016)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Immunodeficiency 47 (Concept Id: C4310819)
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<!--
UID=934786
ConceptID=C4310819
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Immunodeficiency 47<span class="h1sub">(IMD47)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>934786</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C4310819</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>IMD47; IMMUNODEFICIENCY AND HEPATOPATHY WITH OR WITHOUT NEUROLOGIC FEATURES</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="ATP6AP1 - ID: 537 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/537" class="medgenPMinfo">ATP6AP1</a> (Xq28)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0010504" target="_blank">MONDO:0010504</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/300972" target="_blank">300972</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Immunodeficiency-47 (IMD47) is an X-linked recessive complex syndrome characterized by liver dysfunction, recurrent bacterial infections, hypogammaglobulinemia, and defective glycosylation of serum proteins. Some patients also have neurologic abnormalities (summary by Jansen et al., 2016). [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_11911"><div><strong>Tricuspid regurgitation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>11911</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0040961</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Failure of the tricuspid valve to close sufficiently upon contraction of the right ventricle, causing blood to regurgitate (flow backward) into the right atrium.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/11911">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Tricuspid%20regurgitation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2011911%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_746019"><div><strong>Failure to thrive</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>746019</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2315100</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Failure to thrive (FTT) refers to a child whose physical growth is substantially below the norm.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/746019">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Failure%20to%20thrive%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20746019%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_925"><div><strong>Cholestasis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>925</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0008370</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in bile ducts.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/925">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cholestasis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20925%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_42428"><div><strong>Hepatomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>42428</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019209</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally increased size of the liver.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/42428">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2042428%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_7368"><div><strong>Cirrhosis of liver</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>7368</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0023890</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A chronic disorder of the liver in which liver tissue becomes scarred and is partially replaced by regenerative nodules and fibrotic tissue resulting in loss of liver function.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/7368">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cirrhosis%20of%20liver%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%207368%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_116093"><div><strong>Hepatic fibrosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>116093</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0239946</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of excessive fibrous connective tissue in the liver. Fibrosis is a reparative or reactive process.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/116093">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatic%20fibrosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20116093%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_75647"><div><strong>Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>75647</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0267963</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Impaired function of the exocrine pancreas associated with a reduced ability to digest foods because of lack of digestive enzymes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/75647">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Exocrine%20pancreatic%20insufficiency%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2075647%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_96036"><div><strong>Chronic diarrhea</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>96036</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0401151</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of chronic diarrhea, which is usually taken to mean diarrhea that has persisted for over 4 weeks.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/96036">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Chronic%20diarrhea%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2096036%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_347108"><div><strong>Prolonged neonatal jaundice</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>347108</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1859236</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Neonatal jaundice refers to a yellowing of the skin and other tissues of a newborn infant as a result of increased concentrations of bilirubin in the blood. Neonatal jaundice affects over half of all newborns to some extent in the first week of life. Prolonged neonatal jaundice is said to be present if the jaundice persists for longer than 14 days in term infants and 21 days in preterm infants.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/347108">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Prolonged%20neonatal%20jaundice%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20347108%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_398225"><div><strong>Hepatic steatosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>398225</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2711227</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Steatosis is a term used to denote lipid accumulation within hepatocytes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/398225">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatic%20steatosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20398225%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_868315"><div><strong>Hepatic bridging fibrosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>868315</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4022709</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hepatic fibrosis that reaches from a portal area to another portal area.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/868315">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatic%20bridging%20fibrosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20868315%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9164"><div><strong>Sensorineural hearing loss disorder</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9164</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0018784</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of hearing impairment in one or both ears related to an abnormal functionality of the cochlear nerve.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9164">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Sensorineural%20hearing%20loss%20disorder%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209164%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10044"><div><strong>Intellectual disability, mild</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10044</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026106</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Mild intellectual disability is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 50-69.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10044">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%2C%20mild%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010044%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_20693"><div><strong>Seizure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>20693</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0036572</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/20693">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Seizure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2020693%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_86860"><div><strong>Arachnoid cyst</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>86860</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0078981</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An extra-parenchymal and intra-arachnoidal collection of fluid with a composition similar to that of cerebrospinal fluid.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/86860">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Arachnoid%20cyst%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2086860%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_107838"><div><strong>Global developmental delay</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>107838</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0557874</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/107838">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Global%20developmental%20delay%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20107838%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_52737"><div><strong>Thrombocytopenia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>52737</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0040034</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduction in the number of circulating thrombocytes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/52737">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Thrombocytopenia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2052737%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_39310"><div><strong>Normocytic anemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>39310</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0085577</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A kind of anemia in which the volume of the red blood cells is normal.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/39310">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Normocytic%20anemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2039310%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10133"><div><strong>Hypotonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10133</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026827</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10133">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypotonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010133%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_336793"><div><strong>Joint hypermobility</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>336793</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1844820</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The capability that a joint (or a group of joints) has to move, passively and/or actively, beyond normal limits along physiological axes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/336793">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Joint%20hypermobility%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20336793%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_6073"><div><strong>Leukopenia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6073</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0023530</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal decreased number of leukocytes in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6073">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Leukopenia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%206073%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_52469"><div><strong>Splenomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>52469</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0038002</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal increased size of the spleen.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/52469">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Splenomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2052469%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_116095"><div><strong>Decreased circulating total IgM</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>116095</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0239989</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally decreased level of immunoglobulin M (IgM) in blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/116095">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Decreased%20circulating%20total%20IgM%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20116095%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65998"><div><strong>Recurrent infections</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65998</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0239998</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased susceptibility to infections.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65998">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Recurrent%20infections%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065998%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_75619"><div><strong>Accessory spleen</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>75619</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0266631</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An accessory spleen is a round, iso-echogenic, homogenic and smooth structure and is seen as a normal variant mostly on the medial contour of the spleen, near the hilus or around the lower pole. This has no pathogenic relevance.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/75619">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Accessory%20spleen%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2075619%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_334943"><div><strong>Recurrent bacterial infections</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>334943</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1844383</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, as manifested by recurrent episodes of bacterial infection.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/334943">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Recurrent%20bacterial%20infections%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20334943%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_871140"><div><strong>Decreased circulating total IgA</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>871140</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4025611</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Undetectable serum immunoglobulin A level at a value &lt; 5 mg/dL (0.05 g/L).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/871140">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Decreased%20circulating%20total%20IgA%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20871140%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_892481"><div><strong>Decreased circulating antibody concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>892481</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4048270</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally decreased level of immunoglobulin in blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/892481">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Decreased%20circulating%20antibody%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20892481%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1692727"><div><strong>Decreased circulating total IgG concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1692727</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5139151</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduction beneath the normal level of total immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1692727">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Decreased%20circulating%20total%20IgG%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201692727%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1685230"><div><strong>Chronic decreased circulating total IgG</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1685230</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5139153</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A lasting reduction beneath the normal level of total immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1685230">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Chronic%20decreased%20circulating%20total%20IgG%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201685230%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_5687"><div><strong>Hypercholesterolemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>5687</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020443</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An increased concentration of cholesterol in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/5687">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypercholesterolemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%205687%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57497"><div><strong>Elevated circulating aspartate aminotransferase concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57497</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0151904</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The concentration of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the blood circulation is above the upper limit of normal.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57497">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%20circulating%20aspartate%20aminotransferase%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057497%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57740"><div><strong>Elevated circulating alanine aminotransferase concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57740</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0151905</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally high concentration in the circulation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57740">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%20circulating%20alanine%20aminotransferase%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057740%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_116013"><div><strong>Elevated circulating hepatic transaminase concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>116013</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0235996</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Elevations of the levels of SGOT and SGPT in the serum. SGOT (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) and SGPT (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase) are transaminases primarily found in the liver and heart and are released into the bloodstream as the result of liver or heart damage. SGOT and SGPT are used clinically mainly as markers of liver damage.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/116013">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%20circulating%20hepatic%20transaminase%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20116013%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_488831"><div><strong>Decreased circulating copper concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>488831</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0268070</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduced concentration of copper in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/488831">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Decreased%20circulating%20copper%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20488831%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_892666"><div><strong>Type II transferrin isoform profile</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>892666</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4021094</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal transferrin isoform profile consistent with a type II congenital disorder of glycosylation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/892666">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Type%20II%20transferrin%20isoform%20profile%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20892666%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_868534"><div><strong>Abnormal protein O-linked glycosylation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>868534</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4022933</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An anomaly of protein O-linked glycosylation, i.e., of the process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via the hydroxyl group of a serine or threonine residue.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/868534">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Abnormal%20protein%20O-linked%20glycosylation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20868534%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_868545"><div><strong>Abnormal protein N-linked glycosylation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>868545</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4022944</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An anomaly of protein N-linked glycosylation, i.e., an abnormality of the protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via a nitrogen atom in an amino acid residue in a protein.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/868545">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Abnormal%20protein%20N-linked%20glycosylation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20868545%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65991"><div><strong>High forehead</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65991</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0239676</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally increased height of the forehead.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65991">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22High%20forehead%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065991%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_8206"><div><strong>Cutis laxa</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>8206</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0010495</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Wrinkled, redundant, inelastic and sagging skin.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/8206">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cutis%20laxa%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%208206%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_43780"><div><strong>Hypermetropia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>43780</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020490</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormality of refraction characterized by the ability to see objects in the distance clearly, while objects nearby appear blurry.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/43780">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypermetropia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2043780%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_96107"><div><strong>Hypotelorism</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>96107</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0424711</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Interpupillary distance less than 2 SD below the mean (alternatively, the appearance of an decreased interpupillary distance or closely spaced eyes).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/96107">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypotelorism%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2096107%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissues</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_39310" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Normocytic anemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_52737" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Thrombocytopenia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of head or neck</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65991" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">High forehead</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_868545" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Abnormal protein N-linked glycosylation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_868534" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Abnormal protein O-linked glycosylation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_488831" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Decreased circulating copper concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57740" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated circulating alanine aminotransferase concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57497" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated circulating aspartate aminotransferase concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_116013" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated circulating hepatic transaminase concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_5687" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypercholesterolemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_892666" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Type II transferrin isoform profile</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_11911" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Tricuspid regurgitation</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the digestive system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_925" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cholestasis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_96036" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Chronic diarrhea</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_7368" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cirrhosis of liver</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_75647" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_868315" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatic bridging fibrosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_116093" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatic fibrosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_398225" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatic steatosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_42428" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatomegaly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_347108" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Prolonged neonatal jaundice</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_43780" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypermetropia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_96107" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypotelorism</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the immune system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_75619" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Accessory spleen</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1685230" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Chronic decreased circulating total IgG</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_892481" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Decreased circulating antibody concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_871140" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Decreased circulating total IgA</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1692727" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Decreased circulating total IgG concentration</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_116095" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Decreased circulating total IgM</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_6073" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Leukopenia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_334943" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Recurrent bacterial infections</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65998" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Recurrent infections</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_52469" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Splenomegaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the integument</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_8206" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cutis laxa</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10133" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypotonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_336793" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Joint hypermobility</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_86860" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Arachnoid cyst</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_107838" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Global developmental delay</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10044" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability, mild</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_20693" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Seizure</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Ear malformation</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9164" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sensorineural hearing loss disorder</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_746019" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Failure to thrive</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36006820">Preexposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: A highlight of the updated clinical practice guideline.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mayeux JJ,
Ng YC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nurse Pract</span>
2022 Sep 1;47(9):44-47.
doi: 10.1097/01.NPR.0000855308.51321.39.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36006820" target="_blank">36006820</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29750285">Updates in Newborn Screening.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rajabi F</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Ann</span>
2018 May 1;47(5):e187-e190.
doi: 10.3928/19382359-20180426-01.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29750285" target="_blank">29750285</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/350140">Thymosin: basic properties and clinical potential in the treatment of patients with immunodeficiency diseases and cancer.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Goldstein AL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Antibiot Chemother (1971)</span>
1978;24:47-59.
doi: 10.1159/000401500.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/350140" target="_blank">350140</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(immunodeficiency%2047)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (1030)</a></div></div>
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<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34372613">The Molecular Evolution of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses in Individuals with Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kitamura K,
Shimizu H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Viruses</span>
2021 Jul 20;13(7)
doi: 10.3390/v13071407.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34372613" target="_blank">34372613</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8310373" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32000930">Omenn Syndrome Identified by Newborn Screening.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tallar M,
Routes J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Perinatol</span>
2020 Mar;47(1):77-86.
Epub 2019 Sep 27
doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2019.09.004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32000930" target="_blank">32000930</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15548928">Inherited disorders of cytokines.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Picard C,
Casanova JL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Pediatr</span>
2004 Dec;16(6):648-58.
doi: 10.1097/01.mop.0000145919.92477.5f.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/15548928" target="_blank">15548928</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11130994">Antibody deficiency syndromes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sorensen RU,
Moore C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Clin North Am</span>
2000 Dec;47(6):1225-52.
doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70269-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11130994" target="_blank">11130994</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3069166">A review of HIV-1 in Africa.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ronald AR,
Ndinya-Achola JO,
Plummer FA,
Simonsen JN,
Cameron DW,
Ngugi EN,
Pamba H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Bull N Y Acad Med</span>
1988 Jul-Aug;64(6):480-90.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3069166" target="_blank">3069166</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1630576" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Immunodeficiency%2047%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (9200)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32000930">Omenn Syndrome Identified by Newborn Screening.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tallar M,
Routes J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Perinatol</span>
2020 Mar;47(1):77-86.
Epub 2019 Sep 27
doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2019.09.004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32000930" target="_blank">32000930</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11130999">Complement deficiencies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Frank MM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Clin North Am</span>
2000 Dec;47(6):1339-54.
doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70274-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11130999" target="_blank">11130999</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11130995">T-cell immunodeficiencies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elder ME</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Clin North Am</span>
2000 Dec;47(6):1253-74.
doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70270-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11130995" target="_blank">11130995</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10697644">Organ-specific manifestations of HIV disease in children.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Abuzaitoun OR,
Hanson IC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Clin North Am</span>
2000 Feb;47(1):109-25.
doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70197-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10697644" target="_blank">10697644</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10697639">Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in children.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lindegren ML,
Steinberg S,
Byers RH Jr</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Clin North Am</span>
2000 Feb;47(1):1-20, v.
doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70192-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10697639" target="_blank">10697639</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Immunodeficiency%2047%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (5008)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34372613">The Molecular Evolution of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses in Individuals with Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kitamura K,
Shimizu H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Viruses</span>
2021 Jul 20;13(7)
doi: 10.3390/v13071407.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34372613" target="_blank">34372613</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8310373" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33108035">Network meta-analysis of post-exposure prophylaxis randomized clinical trials.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fernández I,
de Lazzari E,
Inciarte A,
Diaz-Brito V,
Milinkovic A,
Arenas-Pinto A,
Etcheverrry F,
García F,
Leal L;
HIV-PEP Group</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">HIV Med</span>
2021 Mar;22(3):218-224.
Epub 2020 Oct 27
doi: 10.1111/hiv.12964.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33108035" target="_blank">33108035</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28639539">Foreskin and the molecular politics of risk.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Norton AT</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Soc Stud Sci</span>
2017 Oct;47(5):655-680.
Epub 2017 Jun 22
doi: 10.1177/0306312717707360.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28639539" target="_blank">28639539</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27824221">School-based interventions for preventing HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and pregnancy in adolescents.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mason-Jones AJ,
Sinclair D,
Mathews C,
Kagee A,
Hillman A,
Lombard C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cochrane Database Syst Rev</span>
2016 Nov 8;11(11):CD006417.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006417.pub3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27824221" target="_blank">27824221</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5461872" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11131000">Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment of immunodeficiency disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Schwartz SA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Clin North Am</span>
2000 Dec;47(6):1355-69.
doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70275-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11131000" target="_blank">11131000</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Immunodeficiency%2047%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (5668)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38020352">Universal test and treat in Cameroon: a comparative retrospective analysis of mortality and loss to follow-up before and after a strategic change in approach to HIV care.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bekolo CE,
Ndeso SA,
Moifo LL,
Mangala N,
Yimdjo TD,
Ateudjieu J,
Kouanfack C,
Djam A,
Tabah EN,
Whegang S,
Mapa-Tassou C,
Tendongfor N,
Nsagha DS,
Choukem SP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pan Afr Med J</span>
2023;45:191.
Epub 2023 Aug 31
doi: 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.191.40448.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38020352" target="_blank">38020352</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10656581" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27497628">Prognosis of Good syndrome: mortality and morbidity of thymoma associated immunodeficiency in perspective.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jansen A,
van Deuren M,
Miller J,
Litzman J,
de Gracia J,
Sáenz-Cuesta M,
Szaflarska A,
Martelius T,
Takiguchi Y,
Patel S,
Misbah S,
Simon A;
Good syndrome Study Group</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Immunol</span>
2016 Oct;171:12-17.
Epub 2016 Aug 4
doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.07.025.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27497628" target="_blank">27497628</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11131000">Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment of immunodeficiency disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Schwartz SA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Clin North Am</span>
2000 Dec;47(6):1355-69.
doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70275-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11131000" target="_blank">11131000</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11130995">T-cell immunodeficiencies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elder ME</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Clin North Am</span>
2000 Dec;47(6):1253-74.
doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70270-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11130995" target="_blank">11130995</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11130994">Antibody deficiency syndromes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sorensen RU,
Moore C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Clin North Am</span>
2000 Dec;47(6):1225-52.
doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70269-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11130994" target="_blank">11130994</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Immunodeficiency%2047%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (3732)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36800631">Prospective evaluation of radiographic manifestations of tuberculosis in relationship with CD4 count in patients with HIV/AIDS.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Frey V,
Phi Van VD,
Fehr JS,
Ledergerber B,
Sekaggya-Wiltshire C,
Castelnuovo B,
Kambugu A,
Bauer M,
Eberhard N,
Martini K,
Frauenfelder T</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Medicine (Baltimore)</span>
2023 Feb 17;102(7):e32917.
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032917.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36800631" target="_blank">36800631</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9935974" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31977973">Rapid Testing Algorithm Performance in a Low-Prevalence Environment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Martin EG,
Cornett J,
Mohammed DY,
Salaru G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sex Transm Dis</span>
2020 May;47(5S Suppl 1):S35-S40.
doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001138.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31977973" target="_blank">31977973</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28365509">Myristic acid-modified thymopentin for enhanced plasma stability and immune-modulating activity.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tan Y,
Wang W,
Wu C,
Pan Z,
Yao G,
Fang L,
Su W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int Immunopharmacol</span>
2017 Jun;47:88-94.
Epub 2017 Mar 31
doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.03.025.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28365509" target="_blank">28365509</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11130999">Complement deficiencies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Frank MM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Clin North Am</span>
2000 Dec;47(6):1339-54.
doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70274-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11130999" target="_blank">11130999</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1861494">Parotid manifestations of HIV infection.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zeitlen S,
Shaha A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Surg Oncol</span>
1991 Aug;47(4):230-2.
doi: 10.1002/jso.2930470406.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1861494" target="_blank">1861494</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Immunodeficiency%2047%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (4702)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36921717">Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C virus infections in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wu S,
Wang J,
Guo Q,
Lan H,
Sun Y,
Ren M,
Liu Y,
Wang P,
Wang L,
Su R,
Zhang J,
Chen Y,
Li G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Microbiol Infect</span>
2023 Aug;29(8):1000-1007.
Epub 2023 Mar 13
doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.03.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36921717" target="_blank">36921717</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36408673">Treatment-related adverse events of antibody-drug conjugates in clinical trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zhu Y,
Liu K,
Wang K,
Zhu H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cancer</span>
2023 Jan 15;129(2):283-295.
Epub 2022 Nov 21
doi: 10.1002/cncr.34507.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36408673" target="_blank">36408673</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10099922" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32744963">HIV-Tuberculous Meningitis Co-Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Purmohamad A,
Azimi T,
Nasiri MJ,
Goudarzi M,
Zangiabadian M,
Sedighian H,
Fooladi AAI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Pharm Biotechnol</span>
2021;22(7):960-968.
doi: 10.2174/1389201021666200730143906.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32744963" target="_blank">32744963</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27063975">Idiopathic multicentric Castleman's disease: a systematic literature review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Liu AY,
Nabel CS,
Finkelman BS,
Ruth JR,
Kurzrock R,
van Rhee F,
Krymskaya VP,
Kelleher D,
Rubenstein AH,
Fajgenbaum DC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Haematol</span>
2016 Apr;3(4):e163-75.
Epub 2016 Mar 17
doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(16)00006-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27063975" target="_blank">27063975</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20458757">Systematic review and meta-analysis of Saccharomyces boulardii in adult patients.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">McFarland LV</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">World J Gastroenterol</span>
2010 May 14;16(18):2202-22.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i18.2202.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20458757" target="_blank">20458757</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2868213" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Immunodeficiency%2047%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (339)</a></div></div>
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Genetic_Testing_Registry">Genetic Testing Registry</h1><a sid="106" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4310819%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (16)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4310819%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (16)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4310819%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (6)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4310819%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (20)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=300972" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Immunodeficiency%2047" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(immunodeficiency%2047)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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