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<meta name="keywords" content="C4225368, cms9, congenital myasthenic syndrome 9, congenital myasthenic syndrome 9, associated with acetylcholine receptor deficiency, congenital myasthenic syndrome caused by mutation in musk, congenital myasthenic syndrome type 9, disease or syndrome, musk, musk congenital myasthenic syndrome, myasthenic syndrome, congenital, 9, associated with acetylcholine receptor deficiency, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Congenital myasthenic syndrome associated with AChR deficiency is a disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction (NMJ) clinically characterized by early-onset muscle weakness with variable severity. Electrophysiologic studies show low amplitude of the miniature endplate potential (MEPP) and current (MEPC) resulting from deficiency of AChR at the endplate. Patients may show a favorable response to amifampridine (summary by Engel et al., 2015). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of CMS, see CMS1A (601462)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
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UID=895641
|
||
ConceptID=C4225368
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-->
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<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Congenital myasthenic syndrome 9<span class="h1sub">(CMS9)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>895641</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C4225368</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
|
||
<td>Myasthenic syndrome, congenital, 9, associated with acetylcholine receptor deficiency</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
|
||
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
|
||
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="MUSK - ID: 4593 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/4593" class="medgenPMinfo">MUSK</a> (9q31.3)</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
|
||
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0014587" target="_blank">MONDO:0014587</a></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
|
||
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/616325" target="_blank">616325</a></td></tr>
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||
</tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">Congenital myasthenic syndrome associated with AChR deficiency is a disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction (NMJ) clinically characterized by early-onset muscle weakness with variable severity. Electrophysiologic studies show low amplitude of the miniature endplate potential (MEPP) and current (MEPC) resulting from deficiency of AChR at the endplate. Patients may show a favorable response to amifampridine (summary by Engel et al., 2015). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of CMS, see CMS1A (601462). [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
|
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_117">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Additional_description">Additional description</h1><a sid="117" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="mgSection"><strong>From MedlinePlus Genetics</strong><br />Some individuals have episodes of breathing problems that may be triggered by fevers or infection. Severely affected individuals may also experience short pauses in breathing (apnea) that can lead to a bluish appearance of the skin or lips (cyanosis).<br /><br />Congenital myasthenic syndrome is a group of conditions characterized by muscle weakness (myasthenia) that worsens with physical exertion. The muscle weakness typically begins in early childhood but can also appear in adolescence or adulthood. Facial muscles, including muscles that control the eyelids, muscles that move the eyes, and muscles used for chewing and swallowing, are most commonly affected. However, any of the muscles used for movement (skeletal muscles) can be affected in this condition. Due to muscle weakness, affected infants may have feeding difficulties. Development of motor skills such as crawling or walking may be delayed. The severity of the myasthenia varies greatly, with some people experiencing minor weakness and others having such severe weakness that they are unable to walk. <a target="_blank" href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/congenital-myasthenic-syndrome">https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/congenital-myasthenic-syndrome</a></div></div>
|
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</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_96533"><div><strong>Shoulder girdle muscle weakness</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>96533</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0427063</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">The shoulder, or pectoral, girdle is composed of the clavicles and the scapulae. Shoulder-girdle weakness refers to lack of strength of the muscles attaching to these bones, that is, lack of strength of the muscles around the shoulders.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/96533">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Shoulder%20girdle%20muscle%20weakness%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2096533%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_41440"><div><strong>Dysphagia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>41440</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0011168</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Difficulty in swallowing.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/41440">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Dysphagia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2041440%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_5124"><div><strong>Fasciculations</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>5124</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0015644</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Fasciculations are observed as small, local, involuntary muscle contractions (twitching) visible under the skin. Fasciculations result from increased irritability of an axon (which in turn is often a manifestation of disease of a motor neuron). This leads to sporadic discharges of all the muscle fibers controlled by the axon in isolation from other motor units.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/5124">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Fasciculations%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%205124%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_11458"><div><strong>Sleep apnea</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>11458</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0037315</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">An intermittent cessation of airflow at the mouth and nose during sleep is known as sleep apnea. Apneas that last at least 10 seconds are considered significant, but individuals with sleep apnea may experience apneas lasting from 20 seconds up to 2 or 3 minutes. Patients may have up to 15 events per hour of sleep.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/11458">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Sleep%20apnea%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2011458%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_66667"><div><strong>Waddling gait</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>66667</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0231712</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Weakness of the hip girdle and upper thigh muscles, for instance in myopathies, leads to an instability of the pelvis on standing and walking. If the muscles extending the hip joint are affected, the posture in that joint becomes flexed and lumbar lordosis increases. The patients usually have difficulties standing up from a sitting position. Due to weakness in the gluteus medius muscle, the hip on the side of the swinging leg drops with each step (referred to as Trendelenburg sign). The gait appears waddling. The patients frequently attempt to counteract the dropping of the hip on the swinging side by bending the trunk towards the side which is in the stance phase (in the German language literature this is referred to as Duchenne sign). Similar gait patterns can be caused by orthopedic conditions when the origin and the insertion site of the gluteus medius muscle are closer to each other than normal, for instance due to a posttraumatic elevation of the trochanter or pseudarthrosis of the femoral neck.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/66667">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Waddling%20gait%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2066667%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_451076"><div><strong>Fatigable weakness</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>451076</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0947912</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of weakness that occurs after a muscle group is used and lessens if the muscle group has some rest. That is, there is diminution of strength with repetitive muscle actions.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/451076">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Fatigable%20weakness%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20451076%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_373253"><div><strong>Easy fatigability</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>373253</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1837098</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased susceptibility to fatigue.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/373253">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Easy%20fatigability%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20373253%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9805"><div><strong>Hyperlordosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9805</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0024003</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally increased curvature (anterior concavity) of the lumbar or cervical spine.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9805">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hyperlordosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209805%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10133"><div><strong>Hypotonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10133</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0026827</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10133">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypotonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010133%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_11348"><div><strong>Scoliosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>11348</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0036439</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/11348">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Scoliosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2011348%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65865"><div><strong>Gowers sign</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65865</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0234182</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A phenomenon whereby patients are not able to stand up without the use of the hands owing to weakness of the proximal muscles of the lower limbs.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65865">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Gowers%20sign%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065865%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_66808"><div><strong>Neck muscle weakness</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>66808</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0240479</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Decreased strength of the neck musculature.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/66808">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Neck%20muscle%20weakness%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2066808%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_83069"><div><strong>Flexion contracture</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>83069</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0333068</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A flexion contracture is a bent (flexed) joint that cannot be straightened actively or passively. It is thus a chronic loss of joint motion due to structural changes in muscle, tendons, ligaments, or skin that prevents normal movement of joints.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/83069">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Flexion%20contracture%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2083069%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_98103"><div><strong>Weakness of facial musculature</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>98103</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0427055</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced strength of one or more muscles innervated by the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/98103">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Weakness%20of%20facial%20musculature%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2098103%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_155433"><div><strong>Generalized muscle weakness</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>155433</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0746674</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Generalized weakness or decreased strength of the muscles, affecting both distal and proximal musculature.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/155433">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Generalized%20muscle%20weakness%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20155433%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_324515"><div><strong>Distal lower limb amyotrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>324515</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1836451</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Muscular atrophy of distal leg muscles.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/324515">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Distal%20lower%20limb%20amyotrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20324515%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_334472"><div><strong>Axial muscle weakness</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>334472</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1843697</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced strength of the axial musculature (i.e., of the muscles of the head and neck, spine, and ribs).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/334472">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Axial%20muscle%20weakness%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20334472%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_356424"><div><strong>Proximal muscle weakness in upper limbs</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>356424</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1866012</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A lack of strength of the proximal muscles of the arms.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/356424">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Proximal%20muscle%20weakness%20in%20upper%20limbs%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20356424%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_412209"><div><strong>Neonatal hypotonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>412209</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2267233</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone) manifesting in the neonatal period.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/412209">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Neonatal%20hypotonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20412209%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_892749"><div><strong>EMG: decremental response of compound muscle action potential to repetitive nerve stimulation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>892749</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4021728</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A compound muscle action potential (CMAP) is a type of electromyography (EMG). CMAP refers to a group of almost simultaneous action potentials from several muscle fibers in the same area evoked by stimulation of the supplying motor nerve and are recorded as one multipeaked summated action potential. This abnormality refers to a greater than normal decrease in the amplitude during the course of the investigation.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/892749">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22EMG%3A%20decremental%20response%20of%20compound%20muscle%20action%20potential%20to%20repetitive%20nerve%20stimulation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20892749%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_11197"><div><strong>Respiratory insufficiency</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>11197</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0035229</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Impairment of gas exchange within the lungs secondary to a disease process, neoplasm, or trauma, possibly resulting in hypoxia, hypercarbia, or both, but not requiring intubation or mechanical ventilation. Patients are normally managed with pharmaceutical therapy, supplemental oxygen, or both.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/11197">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Respiratory%20insufficiency%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2011197%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_866697"><div><strong>Anti-muscle-specific tyrosine kinase antibody</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>866697</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4021044</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of autoantibodies (immunoglobulins) in the serum that react against muscle specific kinase (anti-MuSK Ab).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/866697">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Anti-muscle-specific%20tyrosine%20kinase%20antibody%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20866697%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1055518"><div><strong>Anti-neuromuscular Junction acetylcholine receptor antibody positivity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1055518</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier assigned by MedGen (starting with CN) for terms that cannot be identified in NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">CN378840</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of autoantibodies (immunoglobulins) in the blood circulation that react against neuromuscular junction acetylcholine receptors.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1055518">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Anti-neuromuscular%20Junction%20acetylcholine%20receptor%20antibody%20positivity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201055518%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_99115"><div><strong>Hypernasal speech</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>99115</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0454555</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of speech characterized by the presence of an abnormally increased nasal airflow during speech associated with structural abnormality of the nasal passages.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/99115">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypernasal%20speech%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2099115%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_66828"><div><strong>Tongue atrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>66828</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0241423</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Wasting of the tongue.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/66828">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Tongue%20atrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2066828%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_2287"><div><strong>Ptosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>2287</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0005745</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">The upper eyelid margin is positioned 3 mm or more lower than usual and covers the superior portion of the iris (objective); or, the upper lid margin obscures at least part of the pupil (subjective).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/2287">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ptosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%202287%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_45205"><div><strong>Ophthalmoplegia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>45205</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0029089</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Paralysis of one or more extraocular muscles that are responsible for eye movements.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/45205">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ophthalmoplegia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2045205%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1369853"><div><strong>Upgaze palsy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1369853</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4476705</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A limitation of the ability to direct one's gaze above the horizontal meridian.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1369853">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Upgaze%20palsy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201369853%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(".TreeLite","#ID_102").TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(".TreeLite","#ID_102").TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of head or neck</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_66828" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Tongue atrophy</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of limbs</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_96533" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Shoulder girdle muscle weakness</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the digestive system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_41440" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Dysphagia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_45205" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ophthalmoplegia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_2287" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ptosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1369853" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Upgaze palsy</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the immune system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_866697" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Anti-muscle-specific tyrosine kinase antibody</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1055518" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Anti-neuromuscular Junction acetylcholine receptor antibody positivity</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_334472" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Axial muscle weakness</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_324515" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Distal lower limb amyotrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_892749" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">EMG: decremental response of compound muscle action potential to repetitive nerve stimulation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_83069" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Flexion contracture</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_155433" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Generalized muscle weakness</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65865" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Gowers sign</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9805" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyperlordosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10133" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypotonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_66808" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Neck muscle weakness</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_412209" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Neonatal hypotonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_356424" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Proximal muscle weakness in upper limbs</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_11348" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Scoliosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_98103" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Weakness of facial musculature</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_373253" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Easy fatigability</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_5124" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Fasciculations</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_451076" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Fatigable weakness</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_11458" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sleep apnea</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_66667" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Waddling gait</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the respiratory system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_11197" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Respiratory insufficiency</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the voice</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_99115" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypernasal speech</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39427494">275th ENMC international workshop: Seronegative myasthenia gravis: An update paradigm for diagnosis and management, 9-11 February 2024, Hoofddorp, the Netherlands.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Evoli A,
|
||
Palace J,
|
||
Spagni G,
|
||
Cheli M,
|
||
Ruiter A,
|
||
Verschuuren J,
|
||
Maggi L;
|
||
275th ENMC study group</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neuromuscul Disord</span>
|
||
2024 Nov;44:104468.
|
||
Epub 2024 Oct 5
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2024.104468.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39427494" target="_blank">39427494</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26080897">Choline Acetyltransferase Mutations Causing Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome: Molecular Findings and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Arredondo J,
|
||
Lara M,
|
||
Gospe SM Jr,
|
||
Mazia CG,
|
||
Vaccarezza M,
|
||
Garcia-Erro M,
|
||
Bowe CM,
|
||
Chang CH,
|
||
Mezei MM,
|
||
Maselli RA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hum Mutat</span>
|
||
2015 Sep;36(9):881-93.
|
||
Epub 2015 Jul 24
|
||
doi: 10.1002/humu.22823.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26080897" target="_blank">26080897</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4537391" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/18707767">Congenital myasthenic syndromes in childhood: diagnostic and management challenges.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kinali M,
|
||
Beeson D,
|
||
Pitt MC,
|
||
Jungbluth H,
|
||
Simonds AK,
|
||
Aloysius A,
|
||
Cockerill H,
|
||
Davis T,
|
||
Palace J,
|
||
Manzur AY,
|
||
Jimenez-Mallebrera C,
|
||
Sewry C,
|
||
Muntoni F,
|
||
Robb SA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Neuroimmunol</span>
|
||
2008 Sep 15;201-202:6-12.
|
||
Epub 2008 Aug 15
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2008.06.026.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/18707767" target="_blank">18707767</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(congenital%20myasthenic%20syndrome%209)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (4)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37721175">Clinical and genetic characterisation of a large Indian congenital myasthenic syndrome cohort.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Polavarapu K,
|
||
Sunitha B,
|
||
Töpf A,
|
||
Preethish-Kumar V,
|
||
Thompson R,
|
||
Vengalil S,
|
||
Nashi S,
|
||
Bardhan M,
|
||
Sanka SB,
|
||
Huddar A,
|
||
Unnikrishnan G,
|
||
Arunachal G,
|
||
Girija MS,
|
||
Porter A,
|
||
Azuma Y,
|
||
Lorenzoni PJ,
|
||
Baskar D,
|
||
Anjanappa RM,
|
||
Keertipriya M,
|
||
Padmanabh H,
|
||
Harikrishna GV,
|
||
Laurie S,
|
||
Matalonga L,
|
||
Horvath R,
|
||
Nalini A,
|
||
Lochmüller H</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Brain</span>
|
||
2024 Jan 4;147(1):281-296.
|
||
doi: 10.1093/brain/awad315.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37721175" target="_blank">37721175</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10766255" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36609117">260th ENMC International Workshop: Congenital myasthenic syndromes 11-13 March 2022, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Spendiff S,
|
||
Dong Y,
|
||
Maggi L,
|
||
Rodríguez Cruz PM,
|
||
Beeson D,
|
||
Lochmüller H;
|
||
ENMC 260th workshop study group</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neuromuscul Disord</span>
|
||
2023 Sep;33(9):111-118.
|
||
Epub 2022 Dec 14
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.12.006.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36609117" target="_blank">36609117</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34602496">A 20-year Clinical and Genetic Neuromuscular Cohort Analysis in Lebanon: An International Effort.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Megarbane A,
|
||
Bizzari S,
|
||
Deepthi A,
|
||
Sabbagh S,
|
||
Mansour H,
|
||
Chouery E,
|
||
Hmaimess G,
|
||
Jabbour R,
|
||
Mehawej C,
|
||
Alame S,
|
||
Hani A,
|
||
Hasbini D,
|
||
Ghanem I,
|
||
Koussa S,
|
||
Al-Ali MT,
|
||
Obeid M,
|
||
Talea DB,
|
||
Lefranc G,
|
||
Lévy N,
|
||
Leturcq F,
|
||
El Hayek S,
|
||
Delague V,
|
||
Urtizberea JA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Neuromuscul Dis</span>
|
||
2022;9(1):193-210.
|
||
doi: 10.3233/JND-210652.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34602496" target="_blank">34602496</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8842757" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17686188">Congenital myasthenic syndromes: spotlight on genetic defects of neuromuscular transmission.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Müller JS,
|
||
Mihaylova V,
|
||
Abicht A,
|
||
Lochmüller H</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Expert Rev Mol Med</span>
|
||
2007 Aug 9;9(22):1-20.
|
||
doi: 10.1017/S1462399407000427.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17686188" target="_blank">17686188</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12138995">Congenital myasthenic syndromes.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sieb JP,
|
||
Kraner S,
|
||
Steinlein OK</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Semin Pediatr Neurol</span>
|
||
2002 Jun;9(2):108-19.
|
||
doi: 10.1053/spen.2002.33803.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12138995" target="_blank">12138995</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Congenital%20myasthenic%20syndrome%209%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (41)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37721175">Clinical and genetic characterisation of a large Indian congenital myasthenic syndrome cohort.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Polavarapu K,
|
||
Sunitha B,
|
||
Töpf A,
|
||
Preethish-Kumar V,
|
||
Thompson R,
|
||
Vengalil S,
|
||
Nashi S,
|
||
Bardhan M,
|
||
Sanka SB,
|
||
Huddar A,
|
||
Unnikrishnan G,
|
||
Arunachal G,
|
||
Girija MS,
|
||
Porter A,
|
||
Azuma Y,
|
||
Lorenzoni PJ,
|
||
Baskar D,
|
||
Anjanappa RM,
|
||
Keertipriya M,
|
||
Padmanabh H,
|
||
Harikrishna GV,
|
||
Laurie S,
|
||
Matalonga L,
|
||
Horvath R,
|
||
Nalini A,
|
||
Lochmüller H</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Brain</span>
|
||
2024 Jan 4;147(1):281-296.
|
||
doi: 10.1093/brain/awad315.
|
||
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23790237">Salbutamol therapy in congenital myasthenic syndrome due to DOK7 mutation.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zhao Y,
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Li Y,
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Bian Y,
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23790237">Salbutamol therapy in congenital myasthenic syndrome due to DOK7 mutation.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lorenzoni PJ,
|
||
Scola RH,
|
||
Kay CS,
|
||
Filla L,
|
||
Miranda AP,
|
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Pinheiro JM,
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Chaouch A,
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<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Congenital%20myasthenic%20syndrome%209%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (28)</a></div></div>
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||
</div>
|
||
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
</div>
|
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</div>
|
||
<div class="supplemental col three_col last">
|
||
<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
|
||
|
||
<div>
|
||
|
||
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4225368%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (7)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4225368%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (12)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4225368%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (2)</a></li>
|
||
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4225368%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (14)</a></total></li>
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</ul></div>
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</div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(congenital%20myasthenic%20syndrome%209)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=1" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67ca6f2084f3725e594089d7">Congenital myasthenic syndrome 9</a>
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