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<meta name="keywords" content="C4021085, abnormal brain morphology, abnormal shape of brain, abnormality of brain morphology, abnormality of the brain, anatomical abnormality, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="A structural abnormality of the brain, which has as its parts the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
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UID=866738
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ConceptID=C4021085
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-->
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<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Abnormal brain morphology</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>866738</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C4021085</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
|
||
<td>Abnormality of brain morphology</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0012443">HP:0012443</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln">A structural abnormality of the brain, which has as its parts the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test, </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test, </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM, </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>, </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="TLline">Abnormal brain morphology</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871309" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of prenatal development or birth">Abnormality of prenatal development or birth</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1254" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Fetal anomaly">Fetal anomaly</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/474891" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Congenital Systemic Disorder">Congenital Systemic Disorder</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/105425" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the nervous system">Abnormality of the nervous system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868416" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal nervous system morphology">Abnormal nervous system morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/892343" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Morphological central nervous system abnormality">Morphological central nervous system abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Abnormal brain morphology</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/342543" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal brainstem morphology">Abnormal brainstem morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868355" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal brainstem MRI signal intensity">Abnormal brainstem MRI signal intensity</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1864060" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Focal T1 hyperintense brainstem lesion">Focal T1 hyperintense brainstem lesion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868354" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Focal T2 hyperintense brainstem lesion">Focal T2 hyperintense brainstem lesion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868353" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Focal T2 hypointense brainstem lesion">Focal T2 hypointense brainstem lesion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868352" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for T2 hypointense brainstem">T2 hypointense brainstem</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868482" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal brainstem white matter morphology">Abnormal brainstem white matter morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868718" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal cerebellar peduncle morphology">Abnormal cerebellar peduncle morphology</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/82849" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Brain stem compression">Brain stem compression</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/383739" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Brainstem dysplasia">Brainstem dysplasia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1054319" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Brainstem lucency">Brainstem lucency</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868347" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Enlarged brainstem">Enlarged brainstem</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1841700" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Enlarged tectum">Enlarged tectum</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1842052" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Focal necrotic brainstem lesion">Focal necrotic brainstem lesion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866721" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Kinked brainstem">Kinked brainstem</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1374384" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Midline brainstem cleft">Midline brainstem cleft</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/413502" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tectal plate enlargement">Tectal plate enlargement</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871242" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal cerebral ventricle morphology">Abnormal cerebral ventricle morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1783909" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal choroid plexus morphology">Abnormal choroid plexus morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/87376" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Choroid plexus cyst">Choroid plexus cyst</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/892354" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Villous hypertrophy of choroid plexus">Villous hypertrophy of choroid plexus</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869208" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal fourth ventricle morphology">Abnormal fourth ventricle morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/376050" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Dilated fourth ventricle">Dilated fourth ventricle</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868270" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal lateral ventricle morphology">Abnormal lateral ventricle morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/98131" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Colpocephaly">Colpocephaly</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/383904" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Lateral ventricle dilatation">Lateral ventricle dilatation</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1052552" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Slit-like lateral ventricle">Slit-like lateral ventricle</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869207" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal third ventricle morphology">Abnormal third ventricle morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869327" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Absence of the third cerebral ventricle">Absence of the third cerebral ventricle</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/82744" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Colloid cyst of third ventricle">Colloid cyst of third ventricle</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870494" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Dilated third ventricle">Dilated third ventricle</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/75614" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Aqueductal stenosis">Aqueductal stenosis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867762" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cerebral ventricular adhesions">Cerebral ventricular adhesions</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867526" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Lateral ventricular asymmetry">Lateral ventricular asymmetry</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/480553" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ventriculomegaly">Ventriculomegaly</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866576" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Enlarged fossa interpeduncularis">Enlarged fossa interpeduncularis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866575" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Enlarged sylvian cistern">Enlarged sylvian cistern</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/400686" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Progressive ventriculomegaly">Progressive ventriculomegaly</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866620" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal forebrain morphology">Abnormal forebrain morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867394" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal cerebral morphology">Abnormal cerebral morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871221" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal cerebral cortex morphology">Abnormal cerebral cortex morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866852" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal cerebral subcortex morphology">Abnormal cerebral subcortex morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1716407" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal diffusion weighted cerebral MRI morphology">Abnormal diffusion weighted cerebral MRI morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870448" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal septum pellucidum morphology">Abnormal septum pellucidum morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/196699" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cerebral contusion">Cerebral contusion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/2337" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cerebral edema">Cerebral edema</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1054515" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cerebral hemisphere mass lesion">Cerebral hemisphere mass lesion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867759" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cerebral inclusion bodies">Cerebral inclusion bodies</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/3321" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cerebral infarct">Cerebral infarct</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/4936" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Encephalomalacia">Encephalomalacia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78722" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Leukoencephalopathy">Leukoencephalopathy</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/65141" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Megalencephaly">Megalencephaly</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/906044" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Porencephalic cyst">Porencephalic cyst</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1052429" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ring-enhancing cerebral lesion">Ring-enhancing cerebral lesion</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/3324" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Schilder disease">Schilder disease</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78606" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Schizencephaly">Schizencephaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869326" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal diencephalon morphology">Abnormal diencephalon morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866745" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal hypothalamus morphology">Abnormal hypothalamus morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1053043" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal subthalamic nucleus morphology">Abnormal subthalamic nucleus morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866887" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal thalamus morphology">Abnormal thalamus morphology</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/400282" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal morphology of the limbic system">Abnormal morphology of the limbic system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1779036" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal amygdala morphology">Abnormal amygdala morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1370323" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal hippocampus morphology">Abnormal hippocampus morphology</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1388809" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal morphology of the olfactory bulb">Abnormal morphology of the olfactory bulb</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1696661" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Aplasia of the olfactory bulb">Aplasia of the olfactory bulb</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1388382" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypoplasia of the olfactory bulb">Hypoplasia of the olfactory bulb</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1369989" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal olfactory lobe morphology">Abnormal olfactory lobe morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/395206" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypoplastic olfactory lobes">Hypoplastic olfactory lobes</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/344477" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Olfactory lobe agenesis">Olfactory lobe agenesis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1696405" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Aplasia of the olfactory tract">Aplasia of the olfactory tract</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/36258" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Arrhinencephaly">Arrhinencephaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866816" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal hindbrain morphology">Abnormal hindbrain morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866796" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal medulla oblongata morphology">Abnormal medulla oblongata morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1841749" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Aplasia of the pyramids of the medulla oblongata">Aplasia of the pyramids of the medulla oblongata</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870267" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Olivary degeneration">Olivary degeneration</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869015" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal metencephalon morphology">Abnormal metencephalon morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/400925" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal cerebellum morphology">Abnormal cerebellum morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870459" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal pons morphology">Abnormal pons morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870504" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Poorly formed metencephalon">Poorly formed metencephalon</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867390" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal midbrain morphology">Abnormal midbrain morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1778231" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal red nucleus morphology">Abnormal red nucleus morphology</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868012" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal substantia nigra morphology">Abnormal substantia nigra morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1783268" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Focal substantia nigra T2 hyperintensity">Focal substantia nigra T2 hyperintensity</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868391" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Iron accumulation in substantia nigra">Iron accumulation in substantia nigra</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/860859" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Substantia nigra dopaminergic neuron loss">Substantia nigra dopaminergic neuron loss</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/337668" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Substantia nigra gliosis">Substantia nigra gliosis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1734996" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Substantia nigra hypointensity on susceptibility-weighted imaging">Substantia nigra hypointensity on susceptibility-weighted imaging</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1815068" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Thinning of the substantia nigra pars compacta">Thinning of the substantia nigra pars compacta</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1814399" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the midbrain">Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the midbrain</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870467" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Absent mesencephalon">Absent mesencephalon</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1814400" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypoplasia of the midbrain">Hypoplasia of the midbrain</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1814396" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Face of the giant panda sign">Face of the giant panda sign</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/400670" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Molar tooth sign on MRI">Molar tooth sign on MRI</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1843446" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal pituitary gland morphology">Abnormal pituitary gland morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868799" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal posterior pituitary morphogenesis">Abnormal posterior pituitary morphogenesis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/235368" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Neoplasm of the posterior pituitary">Neoplasm of the posterior pituitary</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866772" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Posterior pituitary dysgenesis">Posterior pituitary dysgenesis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868480" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal size of pituitary gland">Abnormal size of pituitary gland</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/575022" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Enlarged pituitary gland">Enlarged pituitary gland</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868479" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Small pituitary gland">Small pituitary gland</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/892315" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the anterior pituitary">Abnormality of the anterior pituitary</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869345" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Anterior pituitary dysgenesis">Anterior pituitary dysgenesis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868357" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ectopic anterior pituitary gland">Ectopic anterior pituitary gland</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/43783" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hyperpituitarism">Hyperpituitarism</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/9386" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypopituitarism">Hypopituitarism</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/574887" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pituitary resistance to thyroid hormone">Pituitary resistance to thyroid hormone</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/44018" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bilirubin encephalopathy">Bilirubin encephalopathy</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1808922" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acute bilirubin encephalopathy">Acute bilirubin encephalopathy</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1806573" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Chronic bilirubin encephalopathy">Chronic bilirubin encephalopathy</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/542597" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Kernicterus due to isoimmunization">Kernicterus due to isoimmunization</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1643639" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Brain atrophy">Brain atrophy</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870452" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Atrophy/Degeneration affecting the cerebrum">Atrophy/Degeneration affecting the cerebrum</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870449" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Atrophy/Degeneration involving the caudate nucleus">Atrophy/Degeneration involving the caudate nucleus</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/116012" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cerebral atrophy">Cerebral atrophy</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/349259" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cerebral cortical neurodegeneration">Cerebral cortical neurodegeneration</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/56343" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cerebral degeneration">Cerebral degeneration</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868619" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Subcortical cerebral atrophy">Subcortical cerebral atrophy</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/66840" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Global brain atrophy">Global brain atrophy</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1863714" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Brain parenchymal tuberculoma">Brain parenchymal tuberculoma</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1842114" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Brain xanthomatosis">Brain xanthomatosis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/38214" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly sequence">Holoprosencephaly sequence</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78541" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Agnathia-otocephaly complex">Agnathia-otocephaly complex</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/140909" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Alobar holoprosencephaly">Alobar holoprosencephaly</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/382704" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Chromosome 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome">Chromosome 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78617" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cyclopia">Cyclopia</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/452352" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Ethmocephaly">Ethmocephaly</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/335111" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hartsfield-Bixler-Demyer syndrome">Hartsfield-Bixler-Demyer syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/322517" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly 2">Holoprosencephaly 2</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/327125" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly 3">Holoprosencephaly 3</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/374488" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly 4">Holoprosencephaly 4</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/355304" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly 5">Holoprosencephaly 5</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/342979" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly 6">Holoprosencephaly 6</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/372134" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly 7">Holoprosencephaly 7</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/322873" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly 8">Holoprosencephaly 8</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/324369" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly 9">Holoprosencephaly 9</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/441620" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly caudal dysgenesis">Holoprosencephaly caudal dysgenesis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/441187" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly deletion 2p">Holoprosencephaly deletion 2p</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/441188" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly ectrodactyly cleft lip palate">Holoprosencephaly ectrodactyly cleft lip palate</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/441189" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly radial heart renal anomalies">Holoprosencephaly radial heart renal anomalies</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/343987" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly, recurrent infections, and monocytosis">Holoprosencephaly, recurrent infections, and monocytosis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/330464" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly-craniosynostosis syndrome">Holoprosencephaly-craniosynostosis syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/336097" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital contractures syndrome">Holoprosencephaly-hypokinesia-congenital contractures syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/340382" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Holoprosencephaly-postaxial polydactyly syndrome">Holoprosencephaly-postaxial polydactyly syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/343380" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Lambotte syndrome">Lambotte syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/96559" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Lobar holoprosencephaly">Lobar holoprosencephaly</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/798407" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Midline interhemispheric variant of holoprosencephaly">Midline interhemispheric variant of holoprosencephaly</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/468539" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for NODAL-Related Holoprosencephaly">NODAL-Related Holoprosencephaly</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/199694" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Semilobar holoprosencephaly">Semilobar holoprosencephaly</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1843386" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Septopreoptic holoprosencephaly">Septopreoptic holoprosencephaly</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1708682" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Syntelencephaly">Syntelencephaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866729" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Iron accumulation in brain">Iron accumulation in brain</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871224" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Eye of the tiger anomaly of globus pallidus">Eye of the tiger anomaly of globus pallidus</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1684757"><div><strong>Neurodevelopmental disorder with nonspecific brain abnormalities and with or without seizures</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1684757</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5231470</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Neurodevelopmental disorder with nonspecific brain abnormalities is a highly variable syndrome characterized by impaired intellectual development and behavioral abnormalities associated with structural changes on brain imaging. Some patients have seizures, hypotonia, and scoliosis/kyphosis. Cognitive function ranges from severely impaired to the ability to attend schools with special assistance (summary by Fischer-Zirnsak et al., 2019).</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1684757">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1823975"><div><strong>Developmental delay, hypotonia, and impaired language</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1823975</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5774202</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Developmental delay, hypotonia, and impaired language (DEDHIL) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by variably impaired intellectual development usually with hypotonia, mild motor delay, and language difficulties. Affected individuals may also have nonspecific dysmorphic facial features, gastrointestinal problems, and abnormalities on brain imaging (Stephenson et al., 2022).</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1823975">Condition Record</a></div></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1823975" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Developmental delay, hypotonia, and impaired language</a></div>
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<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1684757" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Neurodevelopmental disorder with nonspecific brain abnormalities and with or without seizures</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38934362">Revised criteria for diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer's disease: Alzheimer's Association Workgroup.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jack CR Jr,
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Andrews JS,
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Beach TG,
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Buracchio T,
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Dunn B,
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Graf A,
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Hansson O,
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Ho C,
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Jagust W,
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McDade E,
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Molinuevo JL,
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Okonkwo OC,
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Pani L,
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Rafii MS,
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Scheltens P,
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Siemers E,
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Snyder HM,
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Sperling R,
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Teunissen CE,
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Carrillo MC</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Alzheimers Dement</span>
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2024 Aug;20(8):5143-5169.
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Epub 2024 Jun 27
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doi: 10.1002/alz.13859.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38934362" target="_blank">38934362</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11350039" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28623672">Craniosynostosis - Recognition, clinical characteristics, and treatment.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kajdic N,
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Spazzapan P,
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Velnar T</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Bosn J Basic Med Sci</span>
|
||
2018 May 20;18(2):110-116.
|
||
doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2017.2083.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28623672" target="_blank">28623672</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5988529" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23602163">Human rabies: neuropathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hemachudha T,
|
||
Ugolini G,
|
||
Wacharapluesadee S,
|
||
Sungkarat W,
|
||
Shuangshoti S,
|
||
Laothamatas J</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Neurol</span>
|
||
2013 May;12(5):498-513.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70038-3.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23602163" target="_blank">23602163</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(abnormal%20brain%20morphology)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (1208)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39106615">Causal association between brain structure and obstructive sleep apnea: A mendelian randomization study.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Feng Y,
|
||
Wu J,
|
||
Yuan M,
|
||
Xu T,
|
||
Li J,
|
||
Hou D</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sleep Med</span>
|
||
2024 Oct;122:14-19.
|
||
Epub 2024 Aug 3
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.07.032.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39106615" target="_blank">39106615</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29906515">TSPO expression and brain structure in the psychosis spectrum.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hafizi S,
|
||
Guma E,
|
||
Koppel A,
|
||
Da Silva T,
|
||
Kiang M,
|
||
Houle S,
|
||
Wilson AA,
|
||
Rusjan PM,
|
||
Chakravarty MM,
|
||
Mizrahi R</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Brain Behav Immun</span>
|
||
2018 Nov;74:79-85.
|
||
Epub 2018 Jun 12
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.06.009.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29906515" target="_blank">29906515</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6289857" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29282709">Neurodevelopmental origins of abnormal cortical morphology in dissociative identity disorder.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Reinders AATS,
|
||
Chalavi S,
|
||
Schlumpf YR,
|
||
Vissia EM,
|
||
Nijenhuis ERS,
|
||
Jäncke L,
|
||
Veltman DJ,
|
||
Ecker C</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Psychiatr Scand</span>
|
||
2018 Feb;137(2):157-170.
|
||
Epub 2017 Dec 27
|
||
doi: 10.1111/acps.12839.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29282709" target="_blank">29282709</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23544264">What happens in the brain of schizophrenia patients?: an investigation from the viewpoint of neuropathology.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Iritani S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nagoya J Med Sci</span>
|
||
2013 Feb;75(1-2):11-28.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23544264" target="_blank">23544264</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4345712" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22806268">Cortical brain morphology in young, estrogen-naive, and adolescent, estrogen-treated girls with Turner syndrome.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lepage JF,
|
||
Mazaika PK,
|
||
Hong DS,
|
||
Raman M,
|
||
Reiss AL</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cereb Cortex</span>
|
||
2013 Sep;23(9):2159-68.
|
||
Epub 2012 Jul 17
|
||
doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhs195.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22806268" target="_blank">22806268</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3729198" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20brain%20morphology%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (14)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39106615">Causal association between brain structure and obstructive sleep apnea: A mendelian randomization study.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Feng Y,
|
||
Wu J,
|
||
Yuan M,
|
||
Xu T,
|
||
Li J,
|
||
Hou D</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sleep Med</span>
|
||
2024 Oct;122:14-19.
|
||
Epub 2024 Aug 3
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.07.032.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39106615" target="_blank">39106615</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30661063">Brain Morphology in Patients with Genetic Generalized Epilepsy: Its Heterogeneity among Subsyndromes.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Park KM,
|
||
Kim SE,
|
||
Lee BI,
|
||
Hur YJ</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Neurol</span>
|
||
2018;80(5-6):236-244.
|
||
Epub 2019 Jan 18
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000496698.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30661063" target="_blank">30661063</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24321989">Exome sequencing and diffusion tensor imaging in developmental disabilities.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sundaram S,
|
||
Huq AH,
|
||
Hsia T,
|
||
Chugani H</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Res</span>
|
||
2014 Mar;75(3):443-7.
|
||
Epub 2013 Dec 6
|
||
doi: 10.1038/pr.2013.234.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24321989" target="_blank">24321989</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3943710" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23544264">What happens in the brain of schizophrenia patients?: an investigation from the viewpoint of neuropathology.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Iritani S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nagoya J Med Sci</span>
|
||
2013 Feb;75(1-2):11-28.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23544264" target="_blank">23544264</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4345712" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8489325">Brain morphology, dopamine, and eye-tracking abnormalities in first-episode schizophrenia. Prevalence and clinical correlates.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lieberman JA,
|
||
Jody D,
|
||
Alvir JM,
|
||
Ashtari M,
|
||
Levy DL,
|
||
Bogerts B,
|
||
Degreef G,
|
||
Mayerhoff DI,
|
||
Cooper T</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Gen Psychiatry</span>
|
||
1993 May;50(5):357-68.
|
||
doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820170035005.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8489325" target="_blank">8489325</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20brain%20morphology%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (10)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39106615">Causal association between brain structure and obstructive sleep apnea: A mendelian randomization study.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Feng Y,
|
||
Wu J,
|
||
Yuan M,
|
||
Xu T,
|
||
Li J,
|
||
Hou D</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sleep Med</span>
|
||
2024 Oct;122:14-19.
|
||
Epub 2024 Aug 3
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.07.032.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39106615" target="_blank">39106615</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22806268">Cortical brain morphology in young, estrogen-naive, and adolescent, estrogen-treated girls with Turner syndrome.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lepage JF,
|
||
Mazaika PK,
|
||
Hong DS,
|
||
Raman M,
|
||
Reiss AL</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cereb Cortex</span>
|
||
2013 Sep;23(9):2159-68.
|
||
Epub 2012 Jul 17
|
||
doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhs195.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22806268" target="_blank">22806268</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3729198" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10625195">Treatment-resistant schizophrenia: reviewing the options and identifying the way forward.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hellewell JS</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Psychiatry</span>
|
||
1999;60 Suppl 23:14-9.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10625195" target="_blank">10625195</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9131316">Disorders of brain development in the progeny of mothers who used alcohol during pregnancy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Konovalov HV,
|
||
Kovetsky NS,
|
||
Bobryshev YV,
|
||
Ashwell KW</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Early Hum Dev</span>
|
||
1997 Apr 25;48(1-2):153-66.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/s0378-3782(96)01848-8.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9131316" target="_blank">9131316</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1938127">The relationship of tardive dyskinesia to positive schizophrenia.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sandyk R,
|
||
Kay SR</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Neurosci</span>
|
||
1991 Jan-Feb;56(1-4):107-39.
|
||
doi: 10.3109/00207459108985409.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1938127" target="_blank">1938127</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20brain%20morphology%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (6)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37903666">DYNC1H1 variants associated with infant-onset epilepsy without neurodevelopmental disorders.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wu WC,
|
||
Liang XY,
|
||
Zhang DM,
|
||
Jin L,
|
||
Liu ZG,
|
||
Zeng XL,
|
||
Zhai QX,
|
||
Liao WP,
|
||
He N,
|
||
Meng XH</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Seizure</span>
|
||
2024 Mar;116:119-125.
|
||
Epub 2023 Oct 27
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2023.10.010.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37903666" target="_blank">37903666</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29627589">Gaussian process uncertainty in age estimation as a measure of brain abnormality.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gutierrez Becker B,
|
||
Klein T,
|
||
Wachinger C;
|
||
Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle flagship study of ageing</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neuroimage</span>
|
||
2018 Jul 15;175:246-258.
|
||
Epub 2018 Apr 5
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.03.075.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29627589" target="_blank">29627589</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23544264">What happens in the brain of schizophrenia patients?: an investigation from the viewpoint of neuropathology.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Iritani S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nagoya J Med Sci</span>
|
||
2013 Feb;75(1-2):11-28.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23544264" target="_blank">23544264</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4345712" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20brain%20morphology%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (3)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37903666">DYNC1H1 variants associated with infant-onset epilepsy without neurodevelopmental disorders.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wu WC,
|
||
Liang XY,
|
||
Zhang DM,
|
||
Jin L,
|
||
Liu ZG,
|
||
Zeng XL,
|
||
Zhai QX,
|
||
Liao WP,
|
||
He N,
|
||
Meng XH</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Seizure</span>
|
||
2024 Mar;116:119-125.
|
||
Epub 2023 Oct 27
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2023.10.010.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37903666" target="_blank">37903666</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37704042">Intellectual Disability and Behavioral Deficits Linked to CYFIP1 Missense Variants Disrupting Actin Polymerization.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mariano V,
|
||
Kanellopoulos AK,
|
||
Ricci C,
|
||
Di Marino D,
|
||
Borrie SC,
|
||
Dupraz S,
|
||
Bradke F,
|
||
Achsel T,
|
||
Legius E,
|
||
Odent S,
|
||
Billuart P,
|
||
Bienvenu T,
|
||
Bagni C</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Biol Psychiatry</span>
|
||
2024 Jan 15;95(2):161-174.
|
||
Epub 2023 Sep 11
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.08.027.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37704042" target="_blank">37704042</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30661063">Brain Morphology in Patients with Genetic Generalized Epilepsy: Its Heterogeneity among Subsyndromes.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Park KM,
|
||
Kim SE,
|
||
Lee BI,
|
||
Hur YJ</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Neurol</span>
|
||
2018;80(5-6):236-244.
|
||
Epub 2019 Jan 18
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000496698.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30661063" target="_blank">30661063</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29906515">TSPO expression and brain structure in the psychosis spectrum.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hafizi S,
|
||
Guma E,
|
||
Koppel A,
|
||
Da Silva T,
|
||
Kiang M,
|
||
Houle S,
|
||
Wilson AA,
|
||
Rusjan PM,
|
||
Chakravarty MM,
|
||
Mizrahi R</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Brain Behav Immun</span>
|
||
2018 Nov;74:79-85.
|
||
Epub 2018 Jun 12
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.06.009.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29906515" target="_blank">29906515</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6289857" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23544264">What happens in the brain of schizophrenia patients?: an investigation from the viewpoint of neuropathology.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Iritani S</span><br />
|
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nagoya J Med Sci</span>
|
||
2013 Feb;75(1-2):11-28.
|
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23544264" target="_blank">23544264</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4345712" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
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<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20brain%20morphology%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (8)</a></div></div>
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