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<meta name="keywords" content="C3280598, asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 5, asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy type 5, atd5, disease or syndrome, jeune syndrome caused by mutation in wdr19, short-rib thoracic dysplasia 5 with or without polydactyly, short-rib thoracic dysplasia 5 without polydactyly, srtd5, wdr19, wdr19 jeune syndrome, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Short-rib thoracic dysplasia (SRTD) with or without polydactyly refers to a group of autosomal recessive skeletal ciliopathies that are characterized by a constricted thoracic cage, short ribs, shortened tubular bones, and a 'trident' appearance of the acetabular roof. SRTD encompasses Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) and the disorders previously designated as Jeune syndrome or asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD), short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS), and Mainzer-Saldino syndrome (MZSDS). Polydactyly is variably present, and there is phenotypic overlap in the various forms of SRTDs, which differ by visceral malformation and metaphyseal appearance. Nonskeletal involvement can include cleft lip/palate as well as anomalies of major organs such as the brain, eye, heart, kidneys, liver, pancreas, intestines, and genitalia. Some forms of SRTD are lethal in the neonatal period due to respiratory insufficiency secondary to a severely restricted thoracic cage, whereas others are compatible with life (summary by Huber and Cormier-Daire, 2012 and Schmidts et al., 2013).&#13; There is phenotypic overlap with the cranioectodermal dysplasias (Sensenbrenner syndrome; see CED1, 218330).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of short-rib thoracic dysplasia, see SRTD1 (208500)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 5 (Concept Id: C3280598)
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<!--
UID=482228
ConceptID=C3280598
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 5<span class="h1sub">(SRTD5)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>482228</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C3280598</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>SHORT-RIB THORACIC DYSPLASIA 5 WITH OR WITHOUT POLYDACTYLY; SHORT-RIB THORACIC DYSPLASIA 5 WITHOUT POLYDACTYLY; SRTD5</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="WDR19 - ID: 57728 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/57728" class="medgenPMinfo">WDR19</a> (4p14)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0013717" target="_blank">MONDO:0013717</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/614376" target="_blank">614376</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Short-rib thoracic dysplasia (SRTD) with or without polydactyly refers to a group of autosomal recessive skeletal ciliopathies that are characterized by a constricted thoracic cage, short ribs, shortened tubular bones, and a 'trident' appearance of the acetabular roof. SRTD encompasses Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) and the disorders previously designated as Jeune syndrome or asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD), short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS), and Mainzer-Saldino syndrome (MZSDS). Polydactyly is variably present, and there is phenotypic overlap in the various forms of SRTDs, which differ by visceral malformation and metaphyseal appearance. Nonskeletal involvement can include cleft lip/palate as well as anomalies of major organs such as the brain, eye, heart, kidneys, liver, pancreas, intestines, and genitalia. Some forms of SRTD are lethal in the neonatal period due to respiratory insufficiency secondary to a severely restricted thoracic cage, whereas others are compatible with life (summary by Huber and Cormier-Daire, 2012 and Schmidts et al., 2013).&#13; There is phenotypic overlap with the cranioectodermal dysplasias (Sensenbrenner syndrome; see CED1, 218330).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of short-rib thoracic dysplasia, see SRTD1 (208500). [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_117">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Additional_description">Additional description</h1><a sid="117" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="mgSection"><strong>From MedlinePlus Genetics</strong><br />Some people with asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy are born with less severe skeletal abnormalities and have only mild breathing difficulties, such as rapid breathing or shortness of breath. These individuals may live into adolescence or adulthood. After infancy, people with this condition may develop life-threatening kidney (renal) abnormalities that cause the kidneys to malfunction or fail. Heart defects and a narrowing of the airway (subglottic stenosis) are also possible. Other, less common features of asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy include liver disease, fluid-filled sacs (cysts) in the pancreas, dental abnormalities, and an eye disease called retinal dystrophy that can lead to vision loss.<br /><br />Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy, also known as Jeune syndrome, is an inherited disorder of bone growth characterized by a narrow chest, short ribs, shortened bones in the arms and legs, short stature, and extra fingers and toes (polydactyly). Additional skeletal abnormalities can include unusually shaped collarbones (clavicles) and pelvic bones, and and cone-shaped ends of the long bones in the arms and legs. Many infants with this condition are born with an extremely narrow, bell-shaped chest that can restrict the growth and expansion of the lungs. Life-threatening problems with breathing result, and people with asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy may live only into infancy or early childhood. However, in people who survive beyond the first few years, the narrow chest and related breathing problems can improve with age.  <a target="_blank" href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/asphyxiating-thoracic-dystrophy">https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/asphyxiating-thoracic-dystrophy</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10976"><div><strong>Proteinuria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10976</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0033687</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased levels of protein in the urine.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10976">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Proteinuria%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010976%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65957"><div><strong>Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65957</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0238304</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Chronic inflammation of the kidney affecting the interstitium of the kidneys surrounding the tubules.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65957">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Chronic%20tubulointerstitial%20nephritis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065957%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_120571"><div><strong>Renal hypoplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>120571</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0266295</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hypoplasia of the kidney.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/120571">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Renal%20hypoplasia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20120571%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_384526"><div><strong>Stage 5 chronic kidney disease</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>384526</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2316810</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A degree of kidney failure severe enough to require dialysis or kidney transplantation for survival characterized by a severe reduction in glomerular filtration rate (less than 15 ml/min/1.73 m2) and other manifestations including increased serum creatinine.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/384526">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Stage%205%20chronic%20kidney%20disease%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20384526%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_67454"><div><strong>Brachydactyly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>67454</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0221357</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/67454">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Brachydactyly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2067454%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_299028"><div><strong>Pes valgus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>299028</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1578482</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An outward deviation of the foot at the talocalcaneal or subtalar joint.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/299028">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Pes%20valgus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20299028%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_376415"><div><strong>Short foot</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>376415</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1848673</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A measured foot length that is more than 2 SD below the mean for a newborn of 27 - 41 weeks gestation, or foot that is less than the 3rd centile for individuals from birth to 16 years of age (objective). Alternatively, a foot that appears disproportionately short (subjective).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/376415">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20foot%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20376415%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_357122"><div><strong>Rhizomelia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>357122</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1866730</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Disproportionate shortening of the proximal segment of limbs (i.e. the femur and humerus).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/357122">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Rhizomelia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20357122%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_814600"><div><strong>Acetabular spurs</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>814600</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3808270</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of osteophytes (bone spurs), i.e., of bony projections originating from the acetabulum.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/814600">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Acetabular%20spurs%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20814600%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_87607"><div><strong>Short stature</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>87607</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0349588</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/87607">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20stature%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2087607%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_42428"><div><strong>Hepatomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>42428</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019209</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally increased size of the liver.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/42428">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2042428%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_6817"><div><strong>Inguinal hernia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6817</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019294</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Protrusion of the contents of the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6817">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Inguinal%20hernia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%206817%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_96528"><div><strong>Narrow chest</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>96528</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0426790</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced width of the chest from side to side, associated with a reduced distance from the sternal notch to the tip of the shoulder.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/96528">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Narrow%20chest%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2096528%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_853272"><div><strong>Thoracic dysplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>853272</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1406921</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/853272">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Thoracic%20dysplasia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20853272%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_341364"><div><strong>Metaphyseal widening</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341364</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1849039</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal widening of the metaphyseal regions of long bones.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341364">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Metaphyseal%20widening%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20341364%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_336488"><div><strong>Short iliac bones</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>336488</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1849063</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Underdevelopment of the iliac bones.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/336488">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20iliac%20bones%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20336488%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_870604"><div><strong>Broad long bone diaphyses</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>870604</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4025053</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased width of the diaphysis of long bones.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/870604">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Broad%20long%20bone%20diaphyses%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20870604%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_478856"><div><strong>Restrictive ventilatory defect</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>478856</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3277226</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A functional defect characterized by reduced total lung capacity (TLC) not associated with abnormalities of expiratory airflow or airway resistance. Spirometrically, a restrictive defect is defined as FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) and FVC (forced vital capacity) less than 80 per cent. Restrictive lung disease may be caused by alterations in lung parenchyma or because of a disease of the pleura, chest wall, or neuromuscular apparatus.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/478856">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Restrictive%20ventilatory%20defect%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20478856%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_6616"><div><strong>Glomerulonephritis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6616</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0017658</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Inflammation of the renal glomeruli.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6616">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Glomerulonephritis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%206616%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_148579"><div><strong>Elevated circulating creatinine concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>148579</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0700225</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An increased amount of creatinine in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/148579">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%20circulating%20creatinine%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20148579%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_341441"><div><strong>Wide nasal bridge</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341441</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1849367</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased breadth of the nasal bridge (and with it, the nasal root).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341441">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Wide%20nasal%20bridge%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20341441%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_355352"><div><strong>Thin upper lip vermilion</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>355352</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1865017</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the midline more than 2 SD below the mean. Alternatively, an apparently reduced height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the frontal view (subjective).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/355352">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Thin%20upper%20lip%20vermilion%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20355352%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_355661"><div><strong>Full cheeks</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>355661</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1866231</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased prominence or roundness of soft tissues between zygomata and mandible.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/355661">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Full%20cheeks%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20355661%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_120564"><div><strong>Supernumerary nipple</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>120564</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0266011</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Presence of more than two nipples.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/120564">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Supernumerary%20nipple%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20120564%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_44558"><div><strong>Myopia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>44558</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0027092</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Nearsightedness, also known as myopia, is an eye condition that causes blurry distance vision. People who are nearsighted have more trouble seeing things that are far away (such as when driving) than things that are close up (such as when reading or using a computer). If it is not treated with corrective lenses or surgery, nearsightedness can lead to squinting, eyestrain, headaches, and significant visual impairment.\n\nNearsightedness usually begins in childhood or adolescence. It tends to worsen with age until adulthood, when it may stop getting worse (stabilize). In some people, nearsightedness improves in later adulthood.\n\nFor normal vision, light passes through the clear cornea at the front of the eye and is focused by the lens onto the surface of the retina, which is the lining of the back of the eye that contains light-sensing cells. People who are nearsighted typically have eyeballs that are too long from front to back. As a result, light entering the eye is focused too far forward, in front of the retina instead of on its surface. It is this change that causes distant objects to appear blurry. The longer the eyeball is, the farther forward light rays will be focused and the more severely nearsighted a person will be.\n\nNearsightedness is measured by how powerful a lens must be to correct it. The standard unit of lens power is called a diopter. Negative (minus) powered lenses are used to correct nearsightedness. The more severe a person's nearsightedness, the larger the number of diopters required for correction. In an individual with nearsightedness, one eye may be more nearsighted than the other.\n\nEye doctors often refer to nearsightedness less than -5 or -6 diopters as "common myopia." Nearsightedness of -6 diopters or more is commonly called "high myopia." This distinction is important because high myopia increases a person's risk of developing other eye problems that can lead to permanent vision loss or blindness. These problems include tearing and detachment of the retina, clouding of the lens (cataract), and an eye disease called glaucoma that is usually related to increased pressure within the eye. The risk of these other eye problems increases with the severity of the nearsightedness. The term "pathological myopia" is used to describe cases in which high myopia leads to tissue damage within the eye.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/44558">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Myopia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2044558%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_39462"><div><strong>Cataract</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>39462</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0086543</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its capsule.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/39462">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cataract%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2039462%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_480605"><div><strong>Attenuation of retinal blood vessels</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>480605</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3278975</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/480605">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Attenuation%20of%20retinal%20blood%20vessels%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20480605%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of head or neck</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_355661" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Full cheeks</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_355352" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Thin upper lip vermilion</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_341441" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Wide nasal bridge</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of limbs</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_814600" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Acetabular spurs</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_67454" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Brachydactyly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_299028" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pes valgus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_357122" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Rhizomelia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_376415" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short foot</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_148579" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated circulating creatinine concentration</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the breast</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_120564" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Supernumerary nipple</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the digestive system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_42428" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatomegaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_480605" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Attenuation of retinal blood vessels</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_39462" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cataract</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_44558" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Myopia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the genitourinary system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65957" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10976" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Proteinuria</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_120571" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Renal hypoplasia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_384526" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Stage 5 chronic kidney disease</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the immune system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_6616" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Glomerulonephritis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_870604" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Broad long bone diaphyses</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_6817" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Inguinal hernia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_341364" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Metaphyseal widening</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_96528" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Narrow chest</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_336488" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short iliac bones</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_853272" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Thoracic dysplasia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the respiratory system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_478856" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Restrictive ventilatory defect</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_87607" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short stature</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0265275[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=78548">C</a></span><span class="chiclet Rcolor round" title="Research test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0265275[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Research&amp;redirect=true" ref="ncbi_uid=78548">R</a></span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=78548" target="_blank" href="/omim/208500">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=78548" ref="ncbi_uid=78548">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78548" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=78548&amp;link_uid=78548" title="View MedGen record for 'Jeune thoracic dystrophy'">Jeune thoracic dystrophy</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4551856[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1648057">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1648057" target="_blank" href="/omim/208500">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=1648057" ref="ncbi_uid=1648057">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1648057" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=1648057&amp;link_uid=1648057" title="View MedGen record for 'Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 1'">Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 1</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1970005[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=370804">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=370804" target="_blank" href="/omim/611263">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=370804" ref="ncbi_uid=370804">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/370804" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=370804&amp;link_uid=370804" title="View MedGen record for 'Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 2'">Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 2</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0036069[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=19860">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=19860" target="_blank" href="/omim/603297">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=19860" ref="ncbi_uid=19860">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/19860" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=19860&amp;link_uid=19860" title="View MedGen record for 'Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 3'">Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 3</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3151185[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=462535">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=462535" target="_blank" href="/omim/613819">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=462535" ref="ncbi_uid=462535">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/462535" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=462535&amp;link_uid=462535" title="View MedGen record for 'Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 4'">Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 4</a></span></li><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3280598[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=482228">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=482228" target="_blank" href="/omim/614376">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=482228" ref="ncbi_uid=482228">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 5</span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1826140" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Inherited renal tubular disease">Inherited renal tubular disease</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78548" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Jeune thoracic dystrophy">Jeune thoracic dystrophy</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 5</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34596737">Fetal ciliopathies: a retrospective observational single-center study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Simonini C,
Floeck A,
Strizek B,
Mueller A,
Gembruch U,
Geipel A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Gynecol Obstet</span>
2022 Jul;306(1):71-83.
Epub 2021 Oct 1
doi: 10.1007/s00404-021-06265-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34596737" target="_blank">34596737</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9300526" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24599166">One-stage sequential bilateral thoracic expansion for asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (Jeune syndrome).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Muthialu N,
Mussa S,
Owens CM,
Bulstrode N,
Elliott MJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Cardiothorac Surg</span>
2014 Oct;46(4):643-7.
Epub 2014 Mar 5
doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezu074.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24599166" target="_blank">24599166</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23985472">Jeune syndrome: considerations for management of asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Poyner SE,
Bradshaw WT</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neonatal Netw</span>
2013 Sep-Oct;32(5):342-52.
doi: 10.1891/0730-0832.32.5.342.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23985472" target="_blank">23985472</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23339108">Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia: clinical and molecular review of 39 families.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Baujat G,
Huber C,
El Hokayem J,
Caumes R,
Do Ngoc Thanh C,
David A,
Delezoide AL,
Dieux-Coeslier A,
Estournet B,
Francannet C,
Kayirangwa H,
Lacaille F,
Le Bourgeois M,
Martinovic J,
Salomon R,
Sigaudy S,
Malan V,
Munnich A,
Le Merrer M,
Le Quan Sang KH,
Cormier-Daire V</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Med Genet</span>
2013 Feb;50(2):91-8.
doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2012-101282.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23339108" target="_blank">23339108</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12746391">Molecular pathology and genetics of congenital hepatorenal fibrocystic syndromes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Johnson CA,
Gissen P,
Sergi C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Med Genet</span>
2003 May;40(5):311-9.
doi: 10.1136/jmg.40.5.311.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12746391" target="_blank">12746391</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1735460" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Asphyxiating%20thoracic%20dystrophy%205%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (19)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35612223">Enriching UMLS-Based Phenotyping of Rare Diseases Using Deep-Learning: Evaluation on Jeune Syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Faviez C,
Vincent M,
Garcelon N,
Michot C,
Baujat G,
Cormier-Daire V,
Saunier S,
Chen X,
Burgun A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Stud Health Technol Inform</span>
2022 May 25;294:844-848.
doi: 10.3233/SHTI220604.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35612223" target="_blank">35612223</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34596737">Fetal ciliopathies: a retrospective observational single-center study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Simonini C,
Floeck A,
Strizek B,
Mueller A,
Gembruch U,
Geipel A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Gynecol Obstet</span>
2022 Jul;306(1):71-83.
Epub 2021 Oct 1
doi: 10.1007/s00404-021-06265-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34596737" target="_blank">34596737</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9300526" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23985472">Jeune syndrome: considerations for management of asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Poyner SE,
Bradshaw WT</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neonatal Netw</span>
2013 Sep-Oct;32(5):342-52.
doi: 10.1891/0730-0832.32.5.342.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23985472" target="_blank">23985472</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12499941">Use of distraction osteogenesis techniques in skeletal dysplasias.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Myers GJ,
Bache CE,
Bradish CF</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr Orthop</span>
2003 Jan-Feb;23(1):41-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12499941" target="_blank">12499941</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/152275">Neonatal death dwarfism. (A further report).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kozlowski K,
Masel J,
Morris L,
Kunze D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Rofo</span>
1978 Nov;129(5):626-33.
doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1231172.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/152275" target="_blank">152275</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Asphyxiating%20thoracic%20dystrophy%205%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (29)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25575358">Management of Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome in Patients With Jeune Syndrome Using the 70 mm Radius Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">O'Brien A,
Roth MK,
Athreya H,
Reinker K,
Koeck W,
Patil V,
Trevino H,
Simmons J,
Joshi AP,
Smith MD,
Campbell RM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr Orthop</span>
2015 Dec;35(8):783-97.
doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000000383.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25575358" target="_blank">25575358</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20803866">Intraoperative airway obstruction related to tracheostomy tube malposition in a patient with achondroplasia and Jeune's syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Abola RE,
Tan J,
Wallach D,
Kier C,
Seidman PA,
Tobias JD</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Middle East J Anaesthesiol</span>
2010 Jun;20(5):735-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20803866" target="_blank">20803866</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Asphyxiating%20thoracic%20dystrophy%205%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31776601">Fetal magnetic resonance imaging of skeletal dysplasias.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gilligan LA,
Calvo-Garcia MA,
Weaver KN,
Kline-Fath BM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Radiol</span>
2020 Feb;50(2):224-233.
Epub 2019 Nov 27
doi: 10.1007/s00247-019-04537-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31776601" target="_blank">31776601</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23985472">Jeune syndrome: considerations for management of asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Poyner SE,
Bradshaw WT</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neonatal Netw</span>
2013 Sep-Oct;32(5):342-52.
doi: 10.1891/0730-0832.32.5.342.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23985472" target="_blank">23985472</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23339108">Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia: clinical and molecular review of 39 families.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Baujat G,
Huber C,
El Hokayem J,
Caumes R,
Do Ngoc Thanh C,
David A,
Delezoide AL,
Dieux-Coeslier A,
Estournet B,
Francannet C,
Kayirangwa H,
Lacaille F,
Le Bourgeois M,
Martinovic J,
Salomon R,
Sigaudy S,
Malan V,
Munnich A,
Le Merrer M,
Le Quan Sang KH,
Cormier-Daire V</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Med Genet</span>
2013 Feb;50(2):91-8.
doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2012-101282.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23339108" target="_blank">23339108</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21465651">Clinical insights gained from eight new cases and review of reported cases with Jeune syndrome (asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Keppler-Noreuil KM,
Adam MP,
Welch J,
Muilenburg A,
Willing MC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2011 May;155A(5):1021-32.
Epub 2011 Apr 4
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33892.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21465651" target="_blank">21465651</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12499941">Use of distraction osteogenesis techniques in skeletal dysplasias.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Myers GJ,
Bache CE,
Bradish CF</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr Orthop</span>
2003 Jan-Feb;23(1):41-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12499941" target="_blank">12499941</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Asphyxiating%20thoracic%20dystrophy%205%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (9)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34596737">Fetal ciliopathies: a retrospective observational single-center study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Simonini C,
Floeck A,
Strizek B,
Mueller A,
Gembruch U,
Geipel A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Gynecol Obstet</span>
2022 Jul;306(1):71-83.
Epub 2021 Oct 1
doi: 10.1007/s00404-021-06265-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34596737" target="_blank">34596737</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9300526" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25361962">A founder CEP120 mutation in Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy expands the role of centriolar proteins in skeletal ciliopathies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shaheen R,
Schmidts M,
Faqeih E,
Hashem A,
Lausch E,
Holder I,
Superti-Furga A;
UK10K Consortium,
Mitchison HM,
Almoisheer A,
Alamro R,
Alshiddi T,
Alzahrani F,
Beales PL,
Alkuraya FS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hum Mol Genet</span>
2015 Mar 1;24(5):1410-9.
Epub 2014 Oct 30
doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddu555.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25361962" target="_blank">25361962</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4321448" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23315050">Misdiagnosis as asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy and CMV-associated haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in Shwachman-Diamond syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Schaballie H,
Renard M,
Vermylen C,
Scheers I,
Revencu N,
Regal L,
Cassiman D,
Sevenants L,
Hoffman I,
Corveleyn A,
Bordon V,
Haerynck F,
Allegaert K,
De Boeck K,
Roskams T,
Boeckx N,
Bossuyt X,
Meyts I</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Pediatr</span>
2013 May;172(5):613-22.
Epub 2013 Jan 12
doi: 10.1007/s00431-012-1908-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23315050" target="_blank">23315050</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21465651">Clinical insights gained from eight new cases and review of reported cases with Jeune syndrome (asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Keppler-Noreuil KM,
Adam MP,
Welch J,
Muilenburg A,
Willing MC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2011 May;155A(5):1021-32.
Epub 2011 Apr 4
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33892.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21465651" target="_blank">21465651</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/152275">Neonatal death dwarfism. (A further report).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kozlowski K,
Masel J,
Morris L,
Kunze D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Rofo</span>
1978 Nov;129(5):626-33.
doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1231172.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/152275" target="_blank">152275</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Asphyxiating%20thoracic%20dystrophy%205%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (9)</a></div></div>
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