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<meta name="keywords" content="C1839816, cervical elongation, elongated neck, finding, increased cervical length, increased length of neck, long neck, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Increased inferior-superior length of the neck." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Long neck (Concept Id: C1839816)
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<!--
UID=333409
ConceptID=C1839816
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><div class="ncbi_carousel" data-ncbicarousel-config="imageWidth:'100px',numItemsVisible:2,toggler:false"><div class="nc_header"><span class="img_strip_title">Image</span></div><div class="nc_content"><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Figure 1" src="/projects/medgen/images/thumb/7c963baf8e0fd48f.1.thumb.jpg" src-large="/projects/medgen/images/7c963baf8e0fd48f.1.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="http://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=7c963baf8e0fd48f" target="_blank" title="Elements of Morphology: Human Malformation Terminology - NHGRI">details</a></div></div></div><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Long neck</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>333409</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C1839816</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>Cervical elongation; Elongated neck; Increased cervical length; Increased length of neck</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000472">HP:0000472</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Increased inferior-superior length of the neck. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="TLline">Long neck</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867442" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of head or neck">Abnormality of head or neck</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/540042" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the neck">Abnormality of the neck</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1813083" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal neck morphology">Abnormal neck morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Long neck</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_6292"><div><strong>Melnick-Needles syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6292</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0025237</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The X-linked otopalatodigital (X-OPD) spectrum disorders, characterized primarily by skeletal dysplasia, include the following: Otopalatodigital syndrome type 1 (OPD1). Otopalatodigital syndrome type 2 (OPD2). Frontometaphyseal dysplasia type 1 (FMD1). Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS). Terminal osseous dysplasia with pigmentary skin defects (TODPD). In OPD1, most manifestations are present at birth; females can present with severity similar to affected males, although some have only mild manifestations. In OPD2, females are less severely affected than related affected males. Most males with OPD2 die during the first year of life, usually from thoracic hypoplasia resulting in pulmonary insufficiency. Males who live beyond the first year of life are usually developmentally delayed and require respiratory support and assistance with feeding. In FMD1, females are less severely affected than related affected males. Males do not experience a progressive skeletal dysplasia but may have joint contractures and hand and foot malformations. Progressive scoliosis is observed in both affected males and females. In MNS, wide phenotypic variability is observed; some individuals are diagnosed in adulthood, while others require respiratory support and have reduced longevity. MNS in males results in perinatal lethality in all recorded cases. TODPD, seen only in females, is characterized by a skeletal dysplasia that is most prominent in the digits, pigmentary defects of the skin, and recurrent digital fibromata.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6292">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_82793"><div><strong>Cutis laxa, X-linked</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>82793</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0268353</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Occipital horn syndrome (OHS) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by hyperelastic and bruisable skin, hernias, bladder diverticula, hyperextensible joints, varicosities, and multiple skeletal abnormalities. The disorder is sometimes accompanied by mild neurologic impairment, and bony abnormalities of the occiput are a common feature, giving rise to the name (summary by Das et al., 1995).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/82793">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_140806"><div><strong>Neonatal pseudo-hydrocephalic progeroid syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>140806</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0406586</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome (WDRTS) is a rare autosomal recessive neonatal progeroid disorder characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, failure to thrive, short stature, a progeroid appearance, hypotonia, and variable mental impairment (summary by Toriello, 1990). Average survival in WDRTS is 7 months, although survival into the third decade of life has been reported (Akawi et al., 2013).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/140806">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_341637"><div><strong>Autosomal recessive faciodigitogenital syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341637</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1856871</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A very rare syndrome including short stature, facial dysmorphism, hand abnormalities and shawl scrotum. It has been observed in 16 subjects from five distantly related sibships of a large Kuwaiti Bedouin tribe. The affected patients had no intellectual deficit. Transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341637">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_383181"><div><strong>Hunter-Macdonald syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>383181</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2677745</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/383181">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_811516"><div><strong>Otofaciocervical syndrome 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>811516</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3714941</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Otofaciocervical syndrome (OTFCS) is a rare disorder characterized by facial anomalies, cup-shaped low-set ears, preauricular fistulas, hearing loss, branchial defects, skeletal anomalies including vertebral defects, low-set clavicles, winged scapulae, sloping shoulders, and mild intellectual disability (summary by Pohl et al., 2013).&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Otofaciocervical Syndrome&#13; OTFCS2 (615560) is caused by mutation in the PAX1 gene (167411) on chromosome 20p11.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/811516">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_905986"><div><strong>MEND syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>905986</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4085243</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Male EBP disorder with neurologic defects (MEND) is an X-linked recessive disorder representing a continuous phenotypic spectrum with variable manifestations associated with a defect in sterol biosynthesis. Features include intellectual disability, short stature, scoliosis, digital abnormalities, cataracts, and dermatologic abnormalities. Not all patients show all features, and the severity is highly variable. Molecular studies indicate that affected males are hemizygous for a nonmosaic hypomorphic EBP allele. Carrier females are generally clinically asymptomatic, but may show biochemical abnormalities (summary by Arnold et al., 2012 and Barboza-Cerda et al., 2014).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/905986">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_934733"><div><strong>Macrocephaly, dysmorphic facies, and psychomotor retardation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>934733</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4310766</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Macrocephaly, dysmorphic facies, and psychomotor retardation (MDFPMR) is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by large head and somatic overgrowth apparent at birth followed by global developmental delay. Affected individuals have characteristic dysmorphic facial features and persistently large head, but increased birth weight normalizes with age. Additional neurologic features, including seizures, hypotonia, and gait ataxia, may also occur. Patients show severe intellectual impairment (summary by Ortega-Recalde et al., 2015).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/934733">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1823952"><div><strong>Epilepsy, X-linked 2, with or without impaired intellectual development and dysmorphic features</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1823952</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5774178</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">X-linked epilepsy-2 with or without impaired intellectual development and dysmorphic features (EPILX2) is a neurologic disorder characterized by the onset of seizures usually in the first years of life, although later onset may also occur. Most individuals also have developmental delay, speech delay, and intellectual disability or learning difficulties. Some patients have dysmorphic facial features or mild skeletal anomalies. The severity of the disorder and accompanying features are highly variable, even within the same family. In general, males are more severely affected than females, although there is evidence for incomplete penetrance in both sexes (Niturad et al., 2017).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1823952">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1854654"><div><strong>Neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia, brain anomalies, distinctive facies, and absent language</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1854654</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5935628</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">ReNU syndrome (RENU), also known as neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia, brain anomalies, distinctive facies, and absent language (NEDHAFA), is characterized by hypotonia, global developmental delay, severely impaired intellectual development with poor or absent speech, delayed walking or inability to walk, feeding difficulties with poor overall growth, seizures (in most), dysmorphic facial features, and brain anomalies, including ventriculomegaly, thin corpus callosum, and progressive white matter loss (Greene et al., 2024; Schot et al., 2024; Chen et al., 2024).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1854654">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_341637" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal recessive faciodigitogenital syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_82793" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cutis laxa, X-linked</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1823952" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Epilepsy, X-linked 2, with or without impaired intellectual development and dysmorphic features</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_383181" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hunter-Macdonald syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_934733" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Macrocephaly, dysmorphic facies, and psychomotor retardation</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (10)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_6292" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Melnick-Needles syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_905986" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">MEND syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_140806" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Neonatal pseudo-hydrocephalic progeroid syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1854654" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia, brain anomalies, distinctive facies, and absent language</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_811516" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Otofaciocervical syndrome 1</a></div></span></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37316210">Consensus statement on concussion in sport: the 6th International Conference on Concussion in Sport-Amsterdam, October 2022.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Patricios JS,
Schneider KJ,
Dvorak J,
Ahmed OH,
Blauwet C,
Cantu RC,
Davis GA,
Echemendia RJ,
Makdissi M,
McNamee M,
Broglio S,
Emery CA,
Feddermann-Demont N,
Fuller GW,
Giza CC,
Guskiewicz KM,
Hainline B,
Iverson GL,
Kutcher JS,
Leddy JJ,
Maddocks D,
Manley G,
McCrea M,
Purcell LK,
Putukian M,
Sato H,
Tuominen MP,
Turner M,
Yeates KO,
Herring SA,
Meeuwisse W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Br J Sports Med</span>
2023 Jun;57(11):695-711.
doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2023-106898.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37316210" target="_blank">37316210</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32491169">Contemporary Thyroid Nodule Evaluation and Management.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Grani G,
Sponziello M,
Pecce V,
Ramundo V,
Durante C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Endocrinol Metab</span>
2020 Sep 1;105(9):2869-83.
doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa322.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32491169" target="_blank">32491169</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7365695" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25659245">Epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of neck pain.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cohen SP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mayo Clin Proc</span>
2015 Feb;90(2):284-99.
doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.09.008.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25659245" target="_blank">25659245</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(long%20neck)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (1975)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35101258">The nature and consequences of camel-related injuries: A scoping review with special reference to Arab Middle Eastern countries.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Khan NA,
El-Menyar A,
Al-Thani H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Injury</span>
2022 Apr;53(4):1319-1328.
Epub 2022 Jan 25
doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.01.036.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35101258" target="_blank">35101258</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34364756">Glenoid neck length in a healthy population and its association with scapular notching.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Contreras JJ,
Khek P,
Ogrodnik C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Orthop Sci</span>
2022 Sep;27(5):1010-1016.
Epub 2021 Aug 4
doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2021.06.021.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34364756" target="_blank">34364756</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31313969">Cardiorespiratory burden of brass neck coils placed on Kayan Karen long-neck women of Thailand.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lapo P,
Inmutto N,
Tanaka H,
Suksom D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Appl Physiol Nutr Metab</span>
2019 Aug;44(8):894-901.
Epub 2019 Jul 17
doi: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0083.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31313969" target="_blank">31313969</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19230567">Malaria and enterobiasis among Karen Long-neck tribe in Mae Hong Son Province.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nithikathkul C,
Polseela P,
Poodendan W,
Brodsky M,
Rakprapapant D,
Chadchatreechan S,
Phethleart A,
Sukthana Y,
Leemingsawat S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health</span>
2003;34 Suppl 2:25-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19230567" target="_blank">19230567</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7451065">The long neck.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kes L,
Herold HZ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int Surg</span>
1980 Sep-Oct;65(5):441-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7451065" target="_blank">7451065</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Long%20neck%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (27)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37986360">Acupuncture combined with Tuina in the treatment of cervical longus tendinitis: A case report.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Guo M,
Zhang M,
Guo X,
Wang H,
Li H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Medicine (Baltimore)</span>
2023 Nov 17;102(46):e35980.
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000035980.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37986360" target="_blank">37986360</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10659684" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28666818">Morphological and Biomechanical Features in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm with Long and Short Neck-Case-Control Study in 64 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Koncar IB,
Nikolic D,
Milosevic Z,
Ilic N,
Dragas M,
Sladojevic M,
Markovic M,
Filipovic N,
Davidovic L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Vasc Surg</span>
2017 Nov;45:223-230.
Epub 2017 Jun 28
doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2017.06.054.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28666818" target="_blank">28666818</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26324837">High Risk of Failure With Bimodular Femoral Components in THA.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pour AE,
Borden R,
Murayama T,
Groll-Brown M,
Blaha JD</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Orthop Relat Res</span>
2016 Jan;474(1):146-53.
Epub 2015 Sep 1
doi: 10.1007/s11999-015-4542-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26324837" target="_blank">26324837</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4686519" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23334488">Successful endovascular treatment of iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm with a relatively long neck.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Koganemaru M,
Abe T,
Hayabuchi N,
Yokoi K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ Case Rep</span>
2013 Jan 18;2013
doi: 10.1136/bcr-2012-007021.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23334488" target="_blank">23334488</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3603814" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19230567">Malaria and enterobiasis among Karen Long-neck tribe in Mae Hong Son Province.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nithikathkul C,
Polseela P,
Poodendan W,
Brodsky M,
Rakprapapant D,
Chadchatreechan S,
Phethleart A,
Sukthana Y,
Leemingsawat S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health</span>
2003;34 Suppl 2:25-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19230567" target="_blank">19230567</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Long%20neck%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (11)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39526798">Repair of Radiation Ulcers After Breast Cancer Surgery With Simple Local Random Flaps.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wang G,
Meng J,
Huang W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Plast Surg</span>
2025 Jan 1;94(1):38-43.
Epub 2024 Nov 5
doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000004143.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39526798" target="_blank">39526798</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32921067">Pseudotumor and repeated dislocation after total hip arthroplasty with ceramic-on-metal bearing: a case report.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Du YQ,
Luo T,
Sun JY,
Ma HY,
Ni M,
Zhou YG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Palliat Med</span>
2021 May;10(5):5818-5824.
Epub 2020 Aug 24
doi: 10.21037/apm-20-478.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32921067" target="_blank">32921067</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28485507">Effect of impact assembly on the interface deformation and fretting corrosion of modular hip tapers: An in vitro study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Panagiotidou A,
Cobb T,
Meswania J,
Skinner J,
Hart A,
Haddad F,
Blunn G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Orthop Res</span>
2018 Jan;36(1):405-416.
Epub 2017 Jun 26
doi: 10.1002/jor.23601.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28485507" target="_blank">28485507</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26324837">High Risk of Failure With Bimodular Femoral Components in THA.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pour AE,
Borden R,
Murayama T,
Groll-Brown M,
Blaha JD</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Orthop Relat Res</span>
2016 Jan;474(1):146-53.
Epub 2015 Sep 1
doi: 10.1007/s11999-015-4542-0.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26324837" target="_blank">26324837</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4686519" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23334488">Successful endovascular treatment of iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm with a relatively long neck.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Koganemaru M,
Abe T,
Hayabuchi N,
Yokoi K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ Case Rep</span>
2013 Jan 18;2013
doi: 10.1136/bcr-2012-007021.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23334488" target="_blank">23334488</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3603814" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Long%20neck%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (11)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35101258">The nature and consequences of camel-related injuries: A scoping review with special reference to Arab Middle Eastern countries.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Khan NA,
El-Menyar A,
Al-Thani H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Injury</span>
2022 Apr;53(4):1319-1328.
Epub 2022 Jan 25
doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.01.036.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35101258" target="_blank">35101258</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33678413">Which length should the neck segment of modular revision stems have?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Huber G,
Morlock MM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Biomech (Bristol)</span>
2022 Apr;94:105286.
Epub 2021 Feb 4
doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2021.105286.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33678413" target="_blank">33678413</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28666818">Morphological and Biomechanical Features in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm with Long and Short Neck-Case-Control Study in 64 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Koncar IB,
Nikolic D,
Milosevic Z,
Ilic N,
Dragas M,
Sladojevic M,
Markovic M,
Filipovic N,
Davidovic L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ann Vasc Surg</span>
2017 Nov;45:223-230.
Epub 2017 Jun 28
doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2017.06.054.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28666818" target="_blank">28666818</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/14646699">Fractures of ceramic bearings: history and present status.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hannouche D,
Nich C,
Bizot P,
Meunier A,
Nizard R,
Sedel L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Orthop Relat Res</span>
2003 Dec;(417):19-26.
doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000096806.78689.50.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/14646699" target="_blank">14646699</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2740921">Pertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Treatment with a long-stem/long-neck endoprosthesis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Broos PL,
Willemsen PJ,
Rommens PM,
Stappaerts KH,
Gruwez JA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Unfallchirurg</span>
1989 May;92(5):234-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2740921" target="_blank">2740921</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Long%20neck%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (8)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33678413">Which length should the neck segment of modular revision stems have?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Huber G,
Morlock MM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Biomech (Bristol)</span>
2022 Apr;94:105286.
Epub 2021 Feb 4
doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2021.105286.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33678413" target="_blank">33678413</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23733697">Insights into biomedicine from animal adaptations.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Singer MA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Compr Physiol</span>
2011 Oct;1(4):2063-81.
doi: 10.1002/cphy.c100080.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23733697" target="_blank">23733697</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16489766">Mechanoenzymatic characterization of human myosin Vb.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Watanabe S,
Mabuchi K,
Ikebe R,
Ikebe M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Biochemistry</span>
2006 Feb 28;45(8):2729-38.
doi: 10.1021/bi051682b.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16489766" target="_blank">16489766</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15617668">Musical structure modulates semantic priming in vocal music.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Poulin-Charronnat B,
Bigand E,
Madurell F,
Peereman R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cognition</span>
2005 Jan;94(3):B67-78.
doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2004.05.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/15617668" target="_blank">15617668</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11844275">A flask full of jelly: the first in vitro model of concussive head injury--1830.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Feinsod M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurosurgery</span>
2002 Feb;50(2):386-91.
doi: 10.1097/00006123-200202000-00028.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11844275" target="_blank">11844275</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Long%20neck%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (13)</a></div></div>
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