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<meta name="keywords" content="C0432246, disease or syndrome, majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type ii, microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type 2, microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type ii, microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism with tooth abnormalities, microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism, type 2, microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism, type ii, mopd (microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism) type ii, mopd 2, mopd ii, mopd type ii, mopd2, mopdii, osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type 2, osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type ii, osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism, type 2, osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism, type ii, pcnt, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPDII), the most common form of microcephalic primordial dwarfism, is characterized by extreme short stature and microcephaly along with distinctive facial features. Associated features that differentiate it from other forms of primordial dwarfism and that may necessitate treatment include: abnormal dentition, a slender bone skeletal dysplasia with hip deformity and/or scoliosis, insulin resistance / diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, cardiac malformations, and global vascular disease. The latter includes neurovascular disease such as moyamoya vasculopathy and intracranial aneurysms (which can lead to strokes), coronary artery disease (which can lead to premature myocardial infarctions), and renal vascular disease. Hypertension, which is also common, can have multiple underlying causes given the complex comorbidities." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (Concept Id: C0432246)
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<!--
UID=96587
ConceptID=C0432246
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 2--><div class="ncbi_carousel" data-ncbicarousel-config="imageWidth:'100px',numItemsVisible:2,toggler:false"><div class="nc_header"><span class="img_strip_title">Images (2)</span></div><div class="nc_content"><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK575926/bin/mopd2-Image002.gif" src-large="/books/NBK575926/bin/mopd2-Image002.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK575926/figure/mopd2.F2/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK575926/bin/mopd2-Image001.gif" src-large="/books/NBK575926/bin/mopd2-Image001.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK575926/figure/mopd2.F1/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div></div></div><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II<span class="h1sub">(MOPD2)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>96587</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0432246</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type 2; Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism with tooth abnormalities; MOPD 2; MOPD II; MOPD2; Osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type 2; OSTEODYSPLASTIC PRIMORDIAL DWARFISM, TYPE II</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (1208348002); Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (1208348002); MOPD (microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism) type II (1208348002)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Modes of inheritance:</td>
<td>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="moi_141025"><div><strong>Autosomal recessive inheritance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>141025</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0441748</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Intellectual Product</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Source: Orphanet</div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).</div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#moi_141025" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal recessive inheritance</a><span> (Orphanet)</span></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="PCNT - ID: 5116 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/5116" class="medgenPMinfo">PCNT</a> (21q22.3)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008872" target="_blank">MONDO:0008872</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/210720" target="_blank">210720</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&amp;Expert=2637">ORPHA2637</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_101">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Disease_characteristics">Disease characteristics</h1><a sid="101" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="excerpt">Excerpted from the <i>GeneReview: </i><a href="/books/NBK575926" target="_blank">Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism Type II</a></div><div>Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPDII), the most common form of microcephalic primordial dwarfism, is characterized by extreme short stature and microcephaly along with distinctive facial features. Associated features that differentiate it from other forms of primordial dwarfism and that may necessitate treatment include: abnormal dentition, a slender bone skeletal dysplasia with hip deformity and/or scoliosis, insulin resistance / diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, cardiac malformations, and global vascular disease. The latter includes neurovascular disease such as moyamoya vasculopathy and intracranial aneurysms (which can lead to strokes), coronary artery disease (which can lead to premature myocardial infarctions), and renal vascular disease. Hypertension, which is also common, can have multiple underlying causes given the complex comorbidities. [from <a title="GeneReviews" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116" class="defSource" target="_blank">GeneReviews</a>]</div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Full text of <i>GeneReview</i> (by section):</strong><br /><a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK575926#mopd2.Summary" target="NBK575926">Summary</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK575926#mopd2.Diagnosis" target="NBK575926">Diagnosis</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK575926#mopd2.Clinical_Characteristics" target="NBK575926">Clinical Characteristics</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK575926#mopd2.Genetically_Related_Allelic_Disord" target="NBK575926">Genetically Related (Allelic) Disorders</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK575926#mopd2.Differential_Diagnosis" target="NBK575926">Differential Diagnosis</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK575926#mopd2.Management" target="NBK575926">Management</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK575926#mopd2.Genetic_Counseling" target="NBK575926">Genetic Counseling</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK575926#mopd2.Resources" target="NBK575926">Resources</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK575926#mopd2.Molecular_Genetics" target="NBK575926">Molecular Genetics</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK575926#mopd2.Chapter_Notes" target="NBK575926">Chapter Notes</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK575926#mopd2.References" target="NBK575926">References</a></div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Authors:</strong><br />
Angela Duker  |  Andrew Jackson  |  Michael B Bober   <a href="/books/NBK575926" target="NBK575926" title="NCBI Bookshelf: Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism Type II">view full author information</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_117">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Additional_descriptions">Additional descriptions</h1><a sid="117" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="mgSection"><strong>From OMIM</strong><br />Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPD2) is characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, severe proportionate short stature, and microcephaly. It is distinct from Seckel syndrome (see 210600) by more severe growth retardation, radiologic abnormalities, and absent or mild mental retardation (summary by Willems et al., 2010).  <a target="_blank" href="http://www.omim.org/entry/210720">http://www.omim.org/entry/210720</a></div><div class="mgSection"><strong>From MedlinePlus Genetics</strong><br />Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPDII) is a condition characterized by short stature (dwarfism) with other skeletal abnormalities (osteodysplasia) and an unusually small head size (microcephaly). The growth problems in MOPDII are primordial, meaning they begin before birth, with affected individuals showing slow prenatal growth (intrauterine growth retardation). After birth, affected individuals continue to grow at a very slow rate. The final adult height of people with this condition ranges from 20 inches to 40 inches. Other skeletal abnormalities in MOPDII include abnormal development of the hip joints (hip dysplasia), thinning of the bones in the arms and legs, an abnormal side-to-side curvature of the spine (scoliosis), and shortened wrist bones. In people with MOPDII head growth slows over time; affected individuals have an adult brain size comparable to that of a 3-month-old infant. However, intellectual development is typically normal.<br /><br />People with this condition have a high-pitched, nasal voice and some have a narrowing of the voicebox (subglottic stenosis). Facial features characteristic of MOPDII include a prominent nose, full cheeks, a long midface, and a small jaw. Other signs and symptoms seen in some people with MOPDII include small teeth (microdontia) and farsightedness. Over time, affected individuals may develop areas of abnormally light or dark skin coloring (pigmentation).<br /><br />Many individuals with MOPDII have blood vessel abnormalities. For example, some affected individuals develop a bulge in one of the blood vessels at the center of the brain (intracranial aneurysm). These aneurysms are dangerous because they can burst, causing bleeding within the brain. Some affected individuals have Moyamoya disease, in which arteries at the base of the brain are narrowed, leading to restricted blood flow. These vascular abnormalities are often treatable, though they increase the risk of stroke and reduce the life expectancy of affected individuals.  <a target="_blank" href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/microcephalic-osteodysplastic-primordial-dwarfism-type-ii">https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/microcephalic-osteodysplastic-primordial-dwarfism-type-ii</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_163083"><div><strong>Hypospadias</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>163083</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0848558</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal position of urethral meatus on the ventral penile shaft (underside) characterized by displacement of the urethral meatus from the tip of the glans penis to the ventral surface of the penis, scrotum, or perineum.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/163083">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypospadias%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20163083%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_67454"><div><strong>Brachydactyly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>67454</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0221357</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/67454">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Brachydactyly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2067454%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_332360"><div><strong>Tibial bowing</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>332360</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1837081</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A bending or abnormal curvature of the tibia.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/332360">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Tibial%20bowing%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20332360%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_326590"><div><strong>Short distal phalanx of finger</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>326590</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1839829</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Short distance from the end of the finger to the most distal interphalangeal crease or the distal interphalangeal joint flexion point. That is, hypoplasia of one or more of the distal phalanx of finger.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/326590">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20distal%20phalanx%20of%20finger%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20326590%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_337690"><div><strong>Short middle phalanx of finger</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>337690</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1846950</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Short (hypoplastic) middle phalanx of finger, affecting one or more fingers.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/337690">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20middle%20phalanx%20of%20finger%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20337690%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_376561"><div><strong>Short 1st metacarpal</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>376561</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1849311</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A developmental defect characterized by reduced length of the first metacarpal (long bone) of the hand.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/376561">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%201st%20metacarpal%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20376561%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_340456"><div><strong>Clinodactyly of the 5th finger</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>340456</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1850049</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Clinodactyly refers to a bending or curvature of the fifth finger in the radial direction (i.e., towards the 4th finger).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/340456">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Clinodactyly%20of%20the%205th%20finger%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20340456%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_347136"><div><strong>Radial bowing</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>347136</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1859399</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A bending or abnormal curvature of the radius.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/347136">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Radial%20bowing%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20347136%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_349766"><div><strong>Metacarpal pseudoepiphysis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>349766</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1860253</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A pseudoepiphysis is a secondary ossification center distinct from the normal epiphysis. The normal metacarpal epiphyses are located at the distal ends of the metacarpal bones. Accessory epiphyses (which are also known as pseudoepiphyses) can also occasionally be observed at the proximal ends of the metacarpals, usually involving the 2nd metacarpal bone.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/349766">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Metacarpal%20pseudoepiphysis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20349766%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_356099"><div><strong>Ulnar bowing</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>356099</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1865847</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Bending of the diaphysis (shaft) of the ulna.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/356099">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ulnar%20bowing%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20356099%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_401158"><div><strong>Limited elbow extension</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>401158</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1867103</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Limited ability to straighten the arm at the elbow joint.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/401158">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Limited%20elbow%20extension%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20401158%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1790477"><div><strong>Coxa vara</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1790477</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5551440</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Coxa vara includes all forms of decrease of the femoral neck shaft angle (the angle between the neck and the shaft of the femur) to less than 120 degrees.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1790477">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Coxa%20vara%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201790477%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_868764"><div><strong>Moyamoya phenomenon</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>868764</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4023169</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the intracranial carotid arteries owing to the formation of netlike collateral arteries arising from the circle of Willis.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/868764">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Moyamoya%20phenomenon%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20868764%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1386760"><div><strong>Dilatation of the cerebral artery</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1386760</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4476540</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of a localized dilatation or ballooning of a cerebral artery.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1386760">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Dilatation%20of%20the%20cerebral%20artery%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201386760%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_4693"><div><strong>Fetal growth restriction</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>4693</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0015934</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal restriction of fetal growth with fetal weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/4693">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Fetal%20growth%20restriction%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%204693%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_168053"><div><strong>Disproportionate short stature</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>168053</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0878659</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A kind of short stature in which different regions of the body are shortened to differing extents.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/168053">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Disproportionate%20short%20stature%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20168053%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_395343"><div><strong>Postnatal growth retardation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>395343</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1859778</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Slow or limited growth after birth.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/395343">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Postnatal%20growth%20retardation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20395343%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1637490"><div><strong>Truncal obesity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1637490</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551560</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Obesity located preferentially in the trunk of the body as opposed to the extremities.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1637490">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Truncal%20obesity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201637490%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57535"><div><strong>Microtia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57535</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0152423</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Underdevelopment of the external ear.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57535">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Microtia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057535%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_66836"><div><strong>Abnormally high-pitched voice</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>66836</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0241703</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A persistent (minutes to hours) abnormal increase in the pitch (frequency) of the voice for the context or social situation or significantly different from baseline of the individual.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/66836">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Abnormally%20high-pitched%20voice%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2066836%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_107838"><div><strong>Global developmental delay</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>107838</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0557874</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/107838">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Global%20developmental%20delay%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20107838%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_811461"><div><strong>Intellectual disability</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>811461</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3714756</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/811461">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20811461%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_19766"><div><strong>Retrognathia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>19766</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0035353</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormality in which the mandible is mislocalised posteriorly.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/19766">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Retrognathia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2019766%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57704"><div><strong>Epiphysiolysis of the hip</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57704</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0149887</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is defined as a posterior and inferior slippage of the proximal epiphysis of the femur onto the metaphysis (femoral neck), occurring through the physeal plate during the early adolescent growth spurt.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57704">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Epiphysiolysis%20of%20the%20hip%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057704%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_96528"><div><strong>Narrow chest</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>96528</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0426790</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced width of the chest from side to side, associated with a reduced distance from the sternal notch to the tip of the shoulder.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/96528">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Narrow%20chest%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2096528%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_96530"><div><strong>Long clavicles</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>96530</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0426808</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased length of the clavicles.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/96530">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Long%20clavicles%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2096530%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_108148"><div><strong>Delayed skeletal maturation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>108148</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0541764</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A decreased rate of skeletal maturation. Delayed skeletal maturation can be diagnosed on the basis of an estimation of the bone age from radiographs of specific bones in the human body.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/108148">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Delayed%20skeletal%20maturation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20108148%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_659167"><div><strong>Thin clavicles</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>659167</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0575535</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally reduced diameter (cross section) of the clavicles.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/659167">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Thin%20clavicles%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20659167%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_331446"><div><strong>Slender long bone</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>331446</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1833144</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced diameter of a long bone.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/331446">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Slender%20long%20bone%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20331446%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_334811"><div><strong>Large sella turcica</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>334811</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1843677</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal enlargement of the sella turcica.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/334811">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Large%20sella%20turcica%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20334811%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_337579"><div><strong>Hypoplastic scapulae</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>337579</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1846434</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Underdeveloped scapula.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/337579">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypoplastic%20scapulae%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20337579%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_336266"><div><strong>Narrow pelvis bone</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>336266</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1848103</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced side to side width of the pelvis.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/336266">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Narrow%20pelvis%20bone%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20336266%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_337976"><div><strong>Flared metaphysis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>337976</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1850135</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of a splayed (i.e.,flared) metaphyseal segment of one or more long bones.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/337976">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Flared%20metaphysis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20337976%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_347330"><div><strong>Ivory epiphyses</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>347330</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1856911</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Sclerosis of the epiphyses, leading to an increased degree of radiopacity (white or ivory appearance) in X-rays.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/347330">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ivory%20epiphyses%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20347330%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_350018"><div><strong>Distal symphalangism</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>350018</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1861401</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Distal symphalangism is ankylosis or rigidity of the distal interphalangeal joints of the hands and/or the feet (summary by Poush, 1991).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/350018">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Distal%20symphalangism%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20350018%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_351279"><div><strong>Hypoplastic iliac wing</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>351279</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1865027</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Underdevelopment of the ilium ala.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/351279">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypoplastic%20iliac%20wing%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20351279%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_351282"><div><strong>Cone-shaped epiphysis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>351282</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1865037</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cone-shaped epiphyses (also known as coned epiphyses) are epiphyses that invaginate into cupped metaphyses. That is, the epiphysis has a cone-shaped distal extension resulting from increased growth of the central portion of the epiphysis relative to its periphery.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/351282">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cone-shaped%20epiphysis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20351282%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_870568"><div><strong>Straight clavicles</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>870568</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4025016</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally straight configuration of the clavicle, a tubular bone which normally is doubly curved .</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/870568">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Straight%20clavicles%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20870568%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1644158"><div><strong>Microcephaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1644158</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551563</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1644158">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Microcephaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201644158%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_41523"><div><strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>41523</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0011860</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">WFS1 spectrum disorder (WFS1-SD) comprises classic WFS1 spectrum disorder and nonclassic WFS1 spectrum disorder. Classic WFS1-SD, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by onset of diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy before age 16 years. Additional complications may include one or more of the following: variable hearing impairment / deafness, diabetes insipidus, neurologic abnormalities, neurogenic bladder, and psychiatric abnormalities. Nonclassic WFS1-SD is less common than classic WFS1-SD. Phenotypes that appear to be milder than classic WFS1-SD include: optic atrophy and hearing impairment; neonatal diabetes, profound congenital deafness, and cataracts; isolated diabetes mellitus; isolated congenital cataracts; and isolated congenital, slowly progressive, and low-frequency (&lt;2000 Hz) sensorineural hearing loss.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/41523">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Type%202%20diabetes%20mellitus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2041523%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_3730"><div><strong>Enamel hypoplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>3730</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0011351</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Developmental hypoplasia of the dental enamel.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/3730">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Enamel%20hypoplasia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%203730%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_66008"><div><strong>Microdontia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>66008</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0240340</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Decreased size of the teeth, which can be defined as a mesiodistal tooth diameter (width) more than 2 SD below mean. Alternatively, an apparently decreased maximum width of tooth.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/66008">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Microdontia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2066008%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_98390"><div><strong>Upslanted palpebral fissure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>98390</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0423109</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The palpebral fissure inclination is more than two standard deviations above the mean for age (objective); or, the inclination of the palpebral fissure is greater than typical for age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/98390">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Upslanted%20palpebral%20fissure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2098390%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_98423"><div><strong>Prominent nose</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>98423</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0426415</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Distance between subnasale and pronasale more than two standard deviations above the mean, or alternatively, an apparently increased anterior protrusion of the nasal tip.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/98423">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Prominent%20nose%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2098423%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_343051"><div><strong>Prominent nasal bridge</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>343051</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1854113</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Anterior positioning of the nasal root in comparison to the usual positioning for age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/343051">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Prominent%20nasal%20bridge%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20343051%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_346499"><div><strong>Sparse scalp hair</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>346499</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1857042</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Decreased number of hairs per unit area of skin of the scalp.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/346499">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Sparse%20scalp%20hair%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20346499%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_346640"><div><strong>Sloping forehead</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>346640</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1857679</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Inclination of the anterior surface of the forehead from the vertical more than two standard deviations above the mean (objective); or apparently excessive posterior sloping of the forehead in a lateral view.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/346640">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Sloping%20forehead%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20346640%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_113157"><div><strong>Cafe-au-lait spot</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>113157</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0221263</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cafe-au-lait spots are hyperpigmented lesions that can vary in color from light brown to dark brown with smooth borders and having a size of 1.5 cm or more in adults and 0.5 cm or more in children.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/113157">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cafe-au-lait%20spot%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20113157%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_870440"><div><strong>Areas of hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation that do not follow Blaschko lines</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>870440</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4024886</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/870440">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Areas%20of%20hypopigmentation%20and%20hyperpigmentation%20that%20do%20not%20follow%20Blaschko%20lines%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20870440%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_18752"><div><strong>Precocious puberty</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>18752</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0034013</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The onset of secondary sexual characteristics before a normal age. Although it is difficult to define normal age ranges because of the marked variation with which puberty begins in normal children, precocious puberty can be defined as the onset of puberty before the age of 8 years in girls or 9 years in boys.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/18752">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Precocious%20puberty%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2018752%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_43780"><div><strong>Hypermetropia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>43780</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020490</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormality of refraction characterized by the ability to see objects in the distance clearly, while objects nearby appear blurry.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/43780">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypermetropia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2043780%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of head or neck</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_3730" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Enamel hypoplasia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_66008" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Microdontia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_343051" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Prominent nasal bridge</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_98423" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Prominent nose</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_346640" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sloping forehead</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_346499" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sparse scalp hair</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_98390" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Upslanted palpebral fissure</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of limbs</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_67454" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Brachydactyly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_340456" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Clinodactyly of the 5th finger</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1790477" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Coxa vara</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_401158" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Limited elbow extension</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_349766" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Metacarpal pseudoepiphysis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_347136" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Radial bowing</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_376561" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short 1st metacarpal</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_326590" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short distal phalanx of finger</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_337690" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short middle phalanx of finger</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_332360" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Tibial bowing</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_356099" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ulnar bowing</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_41523" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Type 2 diabetes mellitus</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1386760" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Dilatation of the cerebral artery</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_868764" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Moyamoya phenomenon</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the endocrine system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_18752" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Precocious puberty</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_43780" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypermetropia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the genitourinary system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_163083" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypospadias</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the integument</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_870440" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Areas of hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation that do not follow Blaschko lines</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_113157" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cafe-au-lait spot</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_351282" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cone-shaped epiphysis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_108148" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Delayed skeletal maturation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_350018" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Distal symphalangism</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57704" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Epiphysiolysis of the hip</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_337976" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Flared metaphysis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_351279" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypoplastic iliac wing</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_337579" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypoplastic scapulae</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_347330" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ivory epiphyses</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_334811" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Large sella turcica</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_96530" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Long clavicles</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1644158" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Microcephaly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_96528" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Narrow chest</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_336266" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Narrow pelvis bone</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_19766" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retrognathia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_331446" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Slender long bone</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_870568" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Straight clavicles</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_659167" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Thin clavicles</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_66836" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Abnormally high-pitched voice</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_107838" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Global developmental delay</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_811461" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Ear malformation</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57535" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Microtia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_168053" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Disproportionate short stature</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_4693" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Fetal growth restriction</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_395343" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Postnatal growth retardation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1637490" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Truncal obesity</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0432246[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=96587">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=96587" target="_blank" href="/omim/210720">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK575926/" ref="ncbi_uid=96587">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=96587" ref="ncbi_uid=96587">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1103700" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Microcephalic primordial dwarfism">Microcephalic primordial dwarfism</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II</span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37569667">Whole-Exome and Transcriptome Sequencing Expands the Genotype of Majewski Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism Type II.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Marzano F,
Chiara M,
Consiglio A,
D'Amato G,
Gentile M,
Mirabelli V,
Piane M,
Savio C,
Fabiani M,
D'Elia D,
Sbisà E,
Scarano G,
Lonardo F,
Tullo A,
Pesole G,
Faienza MF</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
2023 Jul 31;24(15)
doi: 10.3390/ijms241512291.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37569667" target="_blank">37569667</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10418986" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32267100">Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II: Additional nine patients with implications on phenotype and genotype correlation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Abdel-Salam GMH,
Sayed ISM,
Afifi HH,
Abdel-Ghafar SF,
Abouzaid MR,
Ismail SI,
Aglan MS,
Issa MY,
El-Bassyouni HT,
El-Kamah G,
Effat LK,
Eid M,
Zaki MS,
Temtamy SA,
Abdel-Hamid MS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2020 Jun;182(6):1407-1420.
Epub 2020 Apr 8
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61585.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32267100" target="_blank">32267100</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22microcephalic%20osteodysplastic%20primordial%20dwarfism%20type%20ii%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (2)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37569667">Whole-Exome and Transcriptome Sequencing Expands the Genotype of Majewski Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism Type II.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Marzano F,
Chiara M,
Consiglio A,
D'Amato G,
Gentile M,
Mirabelli V,
Piane M,
Savio C,
Fabiani M,
D'Elia D,
Sbisà E,
Scarano G,
Lonardo F,
Tullo A,
Pesole G,
Faienza MF</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
2023 Jul 31;24(15)
doi: 10.3390/ijms241512291.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37569667" target="_blank">37569667</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10418986" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34016138">Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II is associated with global vascular disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Duker AL,
Kinderman D,
Jordan C,
Niiler T,
Baker-Smith CM,
Thompson L,
Parry DA,
Carroll RS,
Bober MB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orphanet J Rare Dis</span>
2021 May 20;16(1):231.
doi: 10.1186/s13023-021-01852-y.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34016138" target="_blank">34016138</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8139163" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32744776">Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II and pachygyria: Morphometric analysis in a 2-year-old girl.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rossi-Espagnet MC,
Dentici ML,
Pasquini L,
Carducci C,
Lucignani M,
Longo D,
Agolini E,
Novelli A,
Gonfiantini MV,
Digilio MC,
Napolitano A,
Bartuli A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2020 Oct;182(10):2372-2376.
Epub 2020 Aug 3
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61771.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32744776" target="_blank">32744776</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28409412">Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism, Type II: a Clinical Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bober MB,
Jackson AP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Osteoporos Rep</span>
2017 Apr;15(2):61-69.
doi: 10.1007/s11914-017-0348-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28409412" target="_blank">28409412</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5561166" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24705347">Hip pathology in Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Karatas AF,
Bober MB,
Rogers K,
Duker AL,
Ditro CP,
Mackenzie WG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr Orthop</span>
2014 Sep;34(6):585-90.
doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000000183.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24705347" target="_blank">24705347</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Microcephalic%20osteodysplastic%20primordial%20dwarfism%20type%20II%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (22)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37094075">Hereditary dentin defects with systemic diseases.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Su T,
Zhu Y,
Wang X,
Zhu Q,
Duan X</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Oral Dis</span>
2023 Sep;29(6):2376-2393.
Epub 2023 Apr 24
doi: 10.1111/odi.14589.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37094075" target="_blank">37094075</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34016138">Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II is associated with global vascular disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Duker AL,
Kinderman D,
Jordan C,
Niiler T,
Baker-Smith CM,
Thompson L,
Parry DA,
Carroll RS,
Bober MB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orphanet J Rare Dis</span>
2021 May 20;16(1):231.
doi: 10.1186/s13023-021-01852-y.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34016138" target="_blank">34016138</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8139163" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33957552">Majewski/Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism Type II (MOPDII) with generalised microdontia in the 4th millennium BCE Eastern Mediterranean.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lorentz KO,
Branca NM,
Lemmers SAM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Paleopathol</span>
2021 Jun;33:158-169.
Epub 2021 May 3
doi: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2021.04.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33957552" target="_blank">33957552</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28409412">Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism, Type II: a Clinical Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bober MB,
Jackson AP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Osteoporos Rep</span>
2017 Apr;15(2):61-69.
doi: 10.1007/s11914-017-0348-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28409412" target="_blank">28409412</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5561166" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24705347">Hip pathology in Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Karatas AF,
Bober MB,
Rogers K,
Duker AL,
Ditro CP,
Mackenzie WG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr Orthop</span>
2014 Sep;34(6):585-90.
doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000000183.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24705347" target="_blank">24705347</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Microcephalic%20osteodysplastic%20primordial%20dwarfism%20type%20II%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (31)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23612698">Effect of recombinant insulin-like growth factor-1 treatment on short-term linear growth in a child with Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II and hepatic insufficiency.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Faienza MF,
Acquafredda A,
D'Aniello M,
Soldano L,
Marzano F,
Ventura A,
Cavallo L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab</span>
2013;26(7-8):771-4.
doi: 10.1515/jpem-2012-0397.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23612698" target="_blank">23612698</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22821869">Growth in individuals with Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II caused by pericentrin mutations.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bober MB,
Niiler T,
Duker AL,
Murray JE,
Ketterer T,
Harley ME,
Alvi S,
Flora C,
Rustad C,
Bongers EM,
Bicknell LS,
Wise C,
Jackson AP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2012 Nov;158A(11):2719-25.
Epub 2012 Jul 20
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35447.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22821869" target="_blank">22821869</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22527565">Medical management of moyamoya disease and recurrent stroke in an infant with Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPD II).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kılıç E,
Utine E,
Unal S,
Haliloğlu G,
Oğuz KK,
Cetin M,
Boduroğlu K,
Alanay Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Pediatr</span>
2012 Oct;171(10):1567-71.
Epub 2012 Apr 17
doi: 10.1007/s00431-012-1732-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22527565" target="_blank">22527565</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Microcephalic%20osteodysplastic%20primordial%20dwarfism%20type%20II%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (3)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38860472">Further defining the molecular spectrum and long-term follow-up of 17 patients with Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen and Smith-McCort dysplasia type 2.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Akalın A,
Ayaz E,
Soğukpınar M,
Avcı-Durmuşalioğlu E,
Ürel-Demir G,
Yıldız AE,
Atik T,
Elcioglu NH,
Eda Utine G,
Şimşek-Kiper PÖ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2024 Oct;194(10):e63785.
Epub 2024 Jun 11
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63785.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38860472" target="_blank">38860472</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34136918">Genetic Characterization of Short Stature Patients With Overlapping Features of Growth Hormone Insensitivity Syndromes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Andrews A,
Maharaj A,
Cottrell E,
Chatterjee S,
Shah P,
Denvir L,
Dumic K,
Bossowski A,
Mushtaq T,
Vukovic R,
Didi M,
Shaw N,
Metherell LA,
Savage MO,
Storr HL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Endocrinol Metab</span>
2021 Oct 21;106(11):e4716-e4733.
doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab437.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34136918" target="_blank">34136918</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8530715" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32475352">Discovering candidate imprinted genes and imprinting control regions in the human genome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bina M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMC Genomics</span>
2020 May 31;21(1):378.
doi: 10.1186/s12864-020-6688-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32475352" target="_blank">32475352</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7262774" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31510961">Ocular characteristics in a variant microcephalic primordial dwarfism type II.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chen WJ,
Huang FC,
Shih MH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMC Pediatr</span>
2019 Sep 11;19(1):329.
doi: 10.1186/s12887-019-1685-2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31510961" target="_blank">31510961</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6737642" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27611897">Surgical outcomes of Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism Type II with intracranial vascular anomalies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Teo M,
Johnson JN,
Bell-Stephens TE,
Marks MP,
Do HM,
Dodd RL,
Bober MB,
Steinberg GK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Neurosurg Pediatr</span>
2016 Dec;25(6):717-723.
Epub 2016 Sep 9
doi: 10.3171/2016.6.PEDS16243.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27611897" target="_blank">27611897</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Microcephalic%20osteodysplastic%20primordial%20dwarfism%20type%20II%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (9)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38860472">Further defining the molecular spectrum and long-term follow-up of 17 patients with Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen and Smith-McCort dysplasia type 2.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Akalın A,
Ayaz E,
Soğukpınar M,
Avcı-Durmuşalioğlu E,
Ürel-Demir G,
Yıldız AE,
Atik T,
Elcioglu NH,
Eda Utine G,
Şimşek-Kiper PÖ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2024 Oct;194(10):e63785.
Epub 2024 Jun 11
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63785.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38860472" target="_blank">38860472</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33957552">Majewski/Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism Type II (MOPDII) with generalised microdontia in the 4th millennium BCE Eastern Mediterranean.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lorentz KO,
Branca NM,
Lemmers SAM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Paleopathol</span>
2021 Jun;33:158-169.
Epub 2021 May 3
doi: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2021.04.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33957552" target="_blank">33957552</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32475352">Discovering candidate imprinted genes and imprinting control regions in the human genome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bina M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMC Genomics</span>
2020 May 31;21(1):378.
doi: 10.1186/s12864-020-6688-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32475352" target="_blank">32475352</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7262774" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23612698">Effect of recombinant insulin-like growth factor-1 treatment on short-term linear growth in a child with Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II and hepatic insufficiency.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Faienza MF,
Acquafredda A,
D'Aniello M,
Soldano L,
Marzano F,
Ventura A,
Cavallo L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab</span>
2013;26(7-8):771-4.
doi: 10.1515/jpem-2012-0397.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23612698" target="_blank">23612698</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19643772">Molecular analysis of pericentrin gene (PCNT) in a series of 24 Seckel/microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPD II) families.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Willems M,
Geneviève D,
Borck G,
Baumann C,
Baujat G,
Bieth E,
Edery P,
Farra C,
Gerard M,
Héron D,
Leheup B,
Le Merrer M,
Lyonnet S,
Martin-Coignard D,
Mathieu M,
Thauvin-Robinet C,
Verloes A,
Colleaux L,
Munnich A,
Cormier-Daire V</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Med Genet</span>
2010 Dec;47(12):797-802.
Epub 2009 Jul 29
doi: 10.1136/jmg.2009.067298.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19643772" target="_blank">19643772</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Microcephalic%20osteodysplastic%20primordial%20dwarfism%20type%20II%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (7)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0432246%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (30)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0432246%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F9" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of select exons (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0432246%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (41)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0432246%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (14)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0432246%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (43)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=210720" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=2637" target="_blank">Orphanet</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Microcephalic%20osteodysplastic%20primordial%20dwarfism%20type%20II" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22microcephalic%20osteodysplastic%20primordial%20dwarfism%20type%20ii%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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