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<meta name="keywords" content="C0011989, caend, camurati engelmann disease, camurati engelmann syndrome, camurati-engelmann disease, camurati-engelmann syndrome, camurati-englemann disease, ced, diaphyseal dysplasia, diaphyseal dysplasia 1, progressive, diaphyseal dysplasia, progressive, diaphyseal dysplasias, progressive, diaphyseal hyperostoses, diaphyseal hyperostosis, diaphyseal sclerosis, disease or syndrome, dpd1, dysplasia, progressive diaphyseal, dysplasias, progressive diaphyseal, engelman's disease, engelmann disease, engelmann syndrome, engelmann's disease, finding, hyperostoses, diaphyseal, hyperostosis, diaphyseal, osteopathia hyperostotica multiplex infantis, pdd, progressive diaphyseal dysplasia, tgfb1, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED) is characterized by hyperostosis of the long bones and the skull, proximal muscle weakness, limb pain, a wide-based, waddling gait, and joint contractures. Facial features such as macrocephaly, frontal bossing, enlargement of the mandible, proptosis, and cranial nerve impingement resulting in facial palsy are seen in severely affected individuals later in life." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Diaphyseal dysplasia (Concept Id: C0011989)
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<!--
UID=4268
ConceptID=C0011989
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Diaphyseal dysplasia<span class="h1sub">(CAEND)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>4268</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0011989</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome; Finding</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>CAEND; Camurati-Engelmann Disease; DIAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA 1, PROGRESSIVE; ENGELMANN DISEASE; PROGRESSIVE DIAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia (34643004); Engelmann syndrome (34643004); Engelman's disease (34643004); Camurati-Engelmann syndrome (34643004); Diaphyseal dysplasia (34643004); Engelmann's disease (34643004); Diaphyseal sclerosis (34643004); Osteopathia hyperostotica multiplex infantis (34643004)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Modes of inheritance:</td>
<td>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="moi_141047"><div><strong>Autosomal dominant inheritance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>141047</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0443147</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Intellectual Product</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Source: Orphanet</div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele.</div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#moi_141047" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal dominant inheritance</a><span> (Orphanet)</span></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="TGFB1 - ID: 7040 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/7040" class="medgenPMinfo">TGFB1</a> (19q13.2)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0100252">HP:0100252</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007542" target="_blank">MONDO:0007542</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/131300" target="_blank">131300</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&amp;Expert=1328">ORPHA1328</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_101">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Disease_characteristics">Disease characteristics</h1><a sid="101" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="excerpt">Excerpted from the <i>GeneReview: </i><a href="/books/NBK1156" target="_blank">Camurati-Engelmann Disease</a></div><div>Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED) is characterized by hyperostosis of the long bones and the skull, proximal muscle weakness, limb pain, a wide-based, waddling gait, and joint contractures. Facial features such as macrocephaly, frontal bossing, enlargement of the mandible, proptosis, and cranial nerve impingement resulting in facial palsy are seen in severely affected individuals later in life. [from <a title="GeneReviews" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116" class="defSource" target="_blank">GeneReviews</a>]</div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Full text of <i>GeneReview</i> (by section):</strong><br /><a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1156#ced.Summary" target="NBK1156">Summary</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1156#ced.GeneReview_Scope" target="NBK1156">GeneReview Scope</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1156#ced.Diagnosis" target="NBK1156">Diagnosis</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1156#ced.Clinical_Characteristics" target="NBK1156">Clinical Characteristics</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1156#ced.Genetically_Related_Allelic_Disorder" target="NBK1156">Genetically Related (Allelic) Disorders</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1156#ced.Differential_Diagnosis" target="NBK1156">Differential Diagnosis</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1156#ced.Management" target="NBK1156">Management</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1156#ced.Genetic_Counseling" target="NBK1156">Genetic Counseling</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1156#ced.Resources" target="NBK1156">Resources</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1156#ced.Molecular_Genetics" target="NBK1156">Molecular Genetics</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1156#ced.Chapter_Notes" target="NBK1156">Chapter Notes</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK1156#ced.References" target="NBK1156">References</a></div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Authors:</strong><br />
Stephanie E Wallace  |  William R Wilcox   <a href="/books/NBK1156" target="NBK1156" title="NCBI Bookshelf: Camurati-Engelmann Disease">view full author information</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_117">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Additional_descriptions">Additional descriptions</h1><a sid="117" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="mgSection"><strong>From OMIM</strong><br />Camurati-Engelmann disease is a rare autosomal dominant type of bone bone dysplasia. The hallmark of the disorder is the cortical thickening of the diaphyses of the long bones. Hyperostosis is bilateral and symmetrical and usually starts at the diaphyses of the femora and tibiae, expanding to the fibulae, humeri, ulnae, and radii. As the disease progresses, the metaphyses may be affected as well, but the epiphyses are spared. Sclerotic changes at the skull base may be present. The onset of the disease is usually during childhood and almost always before the age of 30. Most patients present with limb pain, muscular weakness, a waddling gait, and easy fatigability. Systemic manifestations such as anemia, leukopenia, and hepatosplenomegaly occur occasionally (summary by Janssens et al., 2006).  <a target="_blank" href="http://www.omim.org/entry/131300">http://www.omim.org/entry/131300</a></div><div class="mgSection"><strong>From MedlinePlus Genetics</strong><br />Camurati-Engelmann disease is a skeletal condition that is characterized by abnormally thick bones (hyperostosis) in the arms, legs, and skull.<br /><br />The thick limb bones can lead to bone pain and muscle weakness in the arms and legs and cause individuals with Camurati-Engelmann disease to tire quickly. Bone pain ranges from mild to severe and can increase with stress, activity, or cold weather. Leg weakness can make it difficult to stand up from a seated position and some affected individuals develop a waddling or unsteady walk. Additional limb abnormalities include joint deformities (contractures), knock knees, and flat feet (pes planus). Swelling and redness (erythema) of the limbs and an abnormal curvature of the spine can also occur.<br /><br />Individuals with Camurati-Engelmann disease may have an unusually thick skull, which can lead to an abnormally large head (macrocephaly) and lower jaw (mandible), a prominent forehead (frontal bossing), and bulging eyes with shallow eye sockets (ocular proptosis). These changes to the head and face become more prominent with age and are most noticeable in affected adults. In about a quarter of individuals with Camurati-Engelmann disease, the thickened skull increases pressure on the brain or compresses the spinal cord, which can cause a variety of neurological problems, including headaches, hearing loss, vision problems, dizziness (vertigo), ringing in the ears (tinnitus), and facial paralysis.<br /><br />The degree of hyperostosis varies among individuals with Camurati-Engelmann disease as does the age at which they experience their first symptoms.<br /><br />Other, rare features of Camurati-Engelmann disease include abnormally long limbs in proportion to height, a decrease in muscle mass and body fat, delayed teething (dentition), frequent cavities, delayed puberty, a shortage of red blood cells (anemia), an enlarged liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly), thinning of the skin, and excessively sweaty (hyperhidrotic) hands and feet.  <a target="_blank" href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/camurati-engelmann-disease">https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/camurati-engelmann-disease</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_6033"><div><strong>Lower limb pain</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6033</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0023222</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An unpleasant sensation characterized by physical discomfort (such as pricking, throbbing, or aching) localized to the leg.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6033">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Lower%20limb%20pain%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%206033%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10540"><div><strong>Limb pain</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10540</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0030196</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Chronic pain in the limbs with no clear focal etiology.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10540">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Limb%20pain%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010540%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_154364"><div><strong>Genu valgum</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>154364</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0576093</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The legs angle inward, such that the knees are close together and the ankles far apart.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/154364">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Genu%20valgum%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20154364%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_376828"><div><strong>Slender build</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>376828</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1850573</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Asthenic habitus refers to a slender build with long limbs, an angular profile, and prominent muscles or bones.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/376828">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Slender%20build%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20376828%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_68562"><div><strong>Poor appetite</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>68562</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0232462</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduced desire to eat.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/68562">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Poor%20appetite%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2068562%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_235586"><div><strong>Hearing impairment</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>235586</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1384666</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/235586">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hearing%20impairment%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20235586%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9149"><div><strong>Headache</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9149</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0018681</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cephalgia, or pain sensed in various parts of the head, not confined to the area of distribution of any nerve.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9149">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Headache%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209149%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_66667"><div><strong>Waddling gait</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>66667</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0231712</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Weakness of the hip girdle and upper thigh muscles, for instance in myopathies, leads to an instability of the pelvis on standing and walking. If the muscles extending the hip joint are affected, the posture in that joint becomes flexed and lumbar lordosis increases. The patients usually have difficulties standing up from a sitting position. Due to weakness in the gluteus medius muscle, the hip on the side of the swinging leg drops with each step (referred to as Trendelenburg sign). The gait appears waddling. The patients frequently attempt to counteract the dropping of the hip on the swinging side by bending the trunk towards the side which is in the stance phase (in the German language literature this is referred to as Duchenne sign). Similar gait patterns can be caused by orthopedic conditions when the origin and the insertion site of the gluteus medius muscle are closer to each other than normal, for instance due to a posttraumatic elevation of the trochanter or pseudarthrosis of the femoral neck.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/66667">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Waddling%20gait%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2066667%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_78765"><div><strong>Optic nerve compression</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>78765</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0271344</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/78765">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Optic%20nerve%20compression%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2078765%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_141743"><div><strong>Cranial nerve compression</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>141743</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0521670</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/141743">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cranial%20nerve%20compression%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20141743%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_373253"><div><strong>Easy fatigability</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>373253</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1837098</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased susceptibility to fatigue.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/373253">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Easy%20fatigability%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20373253%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1054697"><div><strong>Out-toeing</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1054697</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier assigned by MedGen (starting with CN) for terms&#10;that cannot be identified in NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">CN378405</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The feet turn excessively outward when walking, caused by a rotational variation in the leg.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1054697">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Out-toeing%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201054697%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1526"><div><strong>Anemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1526</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0002871</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduction in erythrocytes volume or hemoglobin concentration.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1526">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Anemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201526%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_383749"><div><strong>Bone marrow hypocellularity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>383749</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1855710</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduced number of hematopoietic cells present in the bone marrow relative to marrow fat.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/383749">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Bone%20marrow%20hypocellularity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20383749%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10502"><div><strong>Increased bone mineral density</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10502</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0029464</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal increase of bone mineral density, that is, of the amount of matter per cubic centimeter of bones which is often referred to as osteosclerosis. Osteosclerosis can be detected on radiological examination as an increased whiteness (density) of affected bones.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10502">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Increased%20bone%20mineral%20density%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010502%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_11348"><div><strong>Scoliosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>11348</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0036439</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/11348">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Scoliosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2011348%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57735"><div><strong>Muscle weakness</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57735</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0151786</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced strength of muscles.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57735">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Muscle%20weakness%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057735%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_892680"><div><strong>Muscular atrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>892680</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0541794</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of skeletal muscular atrophy (which is also known as amyotrophy).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/892680">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Muscular%20atrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20892680%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_377067"><div><strong>Narrowing of medullary canal</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>377067</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1851612</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduction in diameter and volume of the central cavity of bone where red or yellow bone marrow is located.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/377067">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Narrowing%20of%20medullary%20canal%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20377067%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_377095"><div><strong>Sclerosis of skull base</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>377095</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1851714</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased bone density of the skull base without significant changes in bony contour.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/377095">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Sclerosis%20of%20skull%20base%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20377095%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_387876"><div><strong>Reduced subcutaneous adipose tissue</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>387876</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1857657</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduced amount of fat tissue in the lowest layer of the integument. This feature can be appreciated by a reduced skinfold thickness.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/387876">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Reduced%20subcutaneous%20adipose%20tissue%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20387876%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_870679"><div><strong>Cortical thickening of long bone diaphyses</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>870679</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4025133</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal thickening of the cortex of the diaphyseal region of long bones.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/870679">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cortical%20thickening%20of%20long%20bone%20diaphyses%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20870679%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1631208"><div><strong>Diaphyseal sclerosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1631208</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551853</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An elevation in bone density in one or more diaphyses. Sclerosis is normally detected on a radiograph as an area of increased opacity.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1631208">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Diaphyseal%20sclerosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201631208%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_8288"><div><strong>Carious teeth</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>8288</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0011334</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Caries is a multifactorial bacterial infection affecting the structure of the tooth. This term has been used to describe the presence of more than expected dental caries.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/8288">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Carious%20teeth%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%208288%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_98316"><div><strong>Mandibular prognathia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>98316</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0399526</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal prominence of the chin related to increased length of the mandible.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/98316">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Mandibular%20prognathia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2098316%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_46203"><div><strong>Delayed puberty</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>46203</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0034012</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Passing the age when puberty normally occurs with no physical or hormonal signs of the onset of puberty.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/46203">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Delayed%20puberty%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2046203%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_41600"><div><strong>Diplopia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>41600</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0012569</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Diplopia is a condition in which a single object is perceived as two images, it is also known as double vision.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/41600">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Diplopia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2041600%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_41917"><div><strong>Proptosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>41917</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0015300</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An eye that is protruding anterior to the plane of the face to a greater extent than is typical.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/41917">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Proptosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2041917%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissues</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1526" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Anemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_383749" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Bone marrow hypocellularity</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of head or neck</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_8288" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Carious teeth</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_98316" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Mandibular prognathia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of limbs</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_154364" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Genu valgum</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the digestive system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_68562" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Poor appetite</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the endocrine system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_46203" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Delayed puberty</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_41600" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Diplopia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_41917" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Proptosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_870679" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cortical thickening of long bone diaphyses</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1631208" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Diaphyseal sclerosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10502" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Increased bone mineral density</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57735" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Muscle weakness</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_892680" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Muscular atrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_377067" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Narrowing of medullary canal</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_387876" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Reduced subcutaneous adipose tissue</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_377095" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sclerosis of skull base</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_11348" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Scoliosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_141743" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cranial nerve compression</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_373253" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Easy fatigability</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9149" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Headache</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_78765" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Optic nerve compression</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1054697" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Out-toeing</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_66667" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Waddling gait</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Constitutional symptom</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10540" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Limb pain</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_6033" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lower limb pain</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Ear malformation</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_235586" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hearing impairment</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_376828" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Slender build</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li><li><a href="#tabORDO">Orphanet</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0011989[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=4268">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=4268" target="_blank" href="/omim/131300">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1156/" ref="ncbi_uid=4268">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=4268" ref="ncbi_uid=4268">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Diaphyseal dysplasia</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/14319" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities">Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/181981" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Inborn genetic diseases">Inborn genetic diseases</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Diaphyseal dysplasia</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div id="tabORDO">Follow <a target="_blank" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/Disease_Classif.php?lng=EN&amp;data_id=156&amp;PatId=1551&amp;search=Disease_Classif_Simple&amp;new=1" class="ital bold">this link</a> to review classifications for <span class="ital">Diaphyseal dysplasia</span> in Orphanet.</div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_344739"><div><strong>Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>344739</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1856465</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia (GHDD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by increased bone density with predominant diaphyseal involvement and aregenerative corticosteroid-sensitive anemia (summary by Genevieve et al., 2008).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/344739">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_766485"><div><strong>TMEM165-congenital disorder of glycosylation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>766485</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3553571</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">CDG2K is an autosomal recessive disorder with a variable phenotype. Affected individuals show psychomotor retardation and growth retardation, and most have short stature. Other features include dysmorphism, hypotonia, eye abnormalities, acquired microcephaly, hepatomegaly, and skeletal dysplasia. Serum transferrin analysis shows a CDG type II pattern (summary by Foulquier et al., 2012).&#13; For a general discussion of CDGs, see CDG1A (212065) and CDG2A (212066).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/766485">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1806238"><div><strong>Craniotubular dysplasia, Ikegawa type</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1806238</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5575335</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Craniotubular dysplasia, Ikegawa type (CTDI) is characterized by childhood-onset short stature in association with macrocephaly, dolichocephaly, or prominent forehead. Radiography shows hyperostosis of the calvaria and skull base, with metadiaphyseal undermodeling of the long tubular bones and mild shortening and diaphyseal broadening of the short tubular bones. Affected individuals experience progressive vision loss in the first decade of life due to optic nerve compression, and deafness may develop in the second decade of life (Guo et al., 2021).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1806238">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1806238" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Craniotubular dysplasia, Ikegawa type</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_344739" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_766485" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">TMEM165-congenital disorder of glycosylation</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/5503688">Corticosteroids in the treatment of Engelmann's disease: progressive diaphyseal dysplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Allen DT,
Saunders AM,
Northway WH Jr,
Williams GF,
Schafer IA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatrics</span>
1970 Oct;46(4):523-31.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/5503688" target="_blank">5503688</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22diaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (1)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19444897">The Erlenmeyer flask bone deformity in the skeletal dysplasias.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Faden MA,
Krakow D,
Ezgu F,
Rimoin DL,
Lachman RS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2009 Jun;149A(6):1334-45.
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32253.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19444897" target="_blank">19444897</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2836257" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12420919">Engelmann's disease with optic atrophy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Soni JP,
Gupta BD,
Soni M,
Mund V,
Aneja R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Indian J Pediatr</span>
2002 Sep;69(9):823-4.
doi: 10.1007/BF02723700.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12420919" target="_blank">12420919</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10997431">Sclerosing bone dysplasias: genetic and radioclinical features.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vanhoenacker FM,
De Beuckeleer LH,
Van Hul W,
Balemans W,
Tan GJ,
Hill SC,
De Schepper AM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Radiol</span>
2000;10(9):1423-33.
doi: 10.1007/s003300000495.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10997431" target="_blank">10997431</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10973241">Domain-specific mutations in TGFB1 result in Camurati-Engelmann disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kinoshita A,
Saito T,
Tomita H,
Makita Y,
Yoshida K,
Ghadami M,
Yamada K,
Kondo S,
Ikegawa S,
Nishimura G,
Fukushima Y,
Nakagomi T,
Saito H,
Sugimoto T,
Kamegaya M,
Hisa K,
Murray JC,
Taniguchi N,
Niikawa N,
Yoshiura K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Genet</span>
2000 Sep;26(1):19-20.
doi: 10.1038/79128.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10973241" target="_blank">10973241</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1776023">Sclerosing bone dysplasias--a target-site approach.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Greenspan A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Skeletal Radiol</span>
1991;20(8):561-83.
doi: 10.1007/BF01106087.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1776023" target="_blank">1776023</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Diaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (14)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30721323">Camurati-Engelmann Disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Van Hul W,
Boudin E,
Vanhoenacker FM,
Mortier G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Calcif Tissue Int</span>
2019 May;104(5):554-560.
Epub 2019 Feb 5
doi: 10.1007/s00223-019-00532-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30721323" target="_blank">30721323</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27935768">Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy: Clinical and Imaging Features.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yap FY,
Skalski MR,
Patel DB,
Schein AJ,
White EA,
Tomasian A,
Masih S,
Matcuk GR Jr</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Radiographics</span>
2017 Jan-Feb;37(1):157-195.
Epub 2016 Dec 9
doi: 10.1148/rg.2017160052.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27935768" target="_blank">27935768</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/4062720">Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia mimicking childhood myopathy: clinical and biochemical response to prednisolone.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Low LC,
Stephenson JB,
Stuart-Smith DA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Aust Paediatr J</span>
1985 Aug;21(3):193-6.
doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.1985.tb02133.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/4062720" target="_blank">4062720</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/910856">Engelmann's disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Krohel GB,
Wirth CR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Ophthalmol</span>
1977 Oct;84(4):520-5.
doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(77)90445-7.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/910856" target="_blank">910856</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/13217486">Metaphyseal dysplasia, epiphyseal dysplasia, diaphyseal dysplasia, and related conditions. I. Familial metaphyseal dysplasia and craniometaphyseal dysplasia; their relation to leontiasis ossea and osteopetrosis; disorders of bone remodeling.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">JACKSON WP,
ALBRIGHT F,
DREWRY G,
HANELIN J,
RUBIN MI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">AMA Arch Intern Med</span>
1954 Dec;94(6):871-85.
doi: 10.1001/archinte.1954.00250060005001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/13217486" target="_blank">13217486</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Diaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (50)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35784539">Improvement of Bone Health and Initiation of Puberty Development in Camurati-Engelmann Disease With Glucocorticoid and Losartan Treatment: A Case Report and Review of Literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cui L,
Li Q,
Guan W,
Yu W,
Li X,
Xia W,
Jiang Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)</span>
2022;13:882144.
Epub 2022 Jun 17
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.882144.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35784539" target="_blank">35784539</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9247158" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30721323">Camurati-Engelmann Disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Van Hul W,
Boudin E,
Vanhoenacker FM,
Mortier G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Calcif Tissue Int</span>
2019 May;104(5):554-560.
Epub 2019 Feb 5
doi: 10.1007/s00223-019-00532-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30721323" target="_blank">30721323</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28682867">Camurati-Engelmann disease-a rare cause of tetany identified on bone scintigraphy: A case report.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Xie P,
Huang JM,
Li HL,
Huang XJ,
Wei LG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Medicine (Baltimore)</span>
2017 Jul;96(27):e7141.
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000007141.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28682867" target="_blank">28682867</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5502140" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/4062720">Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia mimicking childhood myopathy: clinical and biochemical response to prednisolone.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Low LC,
Stephenson JB,
Stuart-Smith DA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Aust Paediatr J</span>
1985 Aug;21(3):193-6.
doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.1985.tb02133.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/4062720" target="_blank">4062720</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/438249">Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia. Report of a case with thirty-four years of progressive disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">van Dalsem VF,
Genant HK,
Newton TH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Bone Joint Surg Am</span>
1979 Jun;61(4):596-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/438249" target="_blank">438249</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Diaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (21)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27935768">Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy: Clinical and Imaging Features.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yap FY,
Skalski MR,
Patel DB,
Schein AJ,
White EA,
Tomasian A,
Masih S,
Matcuk GR Jr</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Radiographics</span>
2017 Jan-Feb;37(1):157-195.
Epub 2016 Dec 9
doi: 10.1148/rg.2017160052.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27935768" target="_blank">27935768</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20684007">Cranio-meta-diaphyseal dysplasia: 25 year follow-up and review of literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dhar SU,
Taylor T,
Trinh C,
Sutton VR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2010 Sep;152A(9):2335-8.
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33582.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20684007" target="_blank">20684007</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12420919">Engelmann's disease with optic atrophy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Soni JP,
Gupta BD,
Soni M,
Mund V,
Aneja R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Indian J Pediatr</span>
2002 Sep;69(9):823-4.
doi: 10.1007/BF02723700.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12420919" target="_blank">12420919</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3615880">Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia (Camurati-Engelmann): radiographic follow-up and CT findings.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kaftori JK,
Kleinhaus U,
Naveh Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Radiology</span>
1987 Sep;164(3):777-82.
doi: 10.1148/radiology.164.3.3615880.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3615880" target="_blank">3615880</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3969334">Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia: evaluation of corticosteroid therapy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Naveh Y,
Alon U,
Kaftori JK,
Berant M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatrics</span>
1985 Feb;75(2):321-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3969334" target="_blank">3969334</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Diaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (8)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37548019">Osteosclerotic disease and bone cyst in a prehispanic burial from Las Cañadas del Teide (Tenerife, Canary Islands).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">González-Reimers E,
Ordóñez AC,
Marrero-Salas E,
Vacas-Fumero E,
Rodríguez-Caraballo S,
Arnay-de-la-Rosa M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Anthropol Anz</span>
2024 Jan 25;81(1):79-107.
doi: 10.1127/anthranz/2023/1712.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37548019" target="_blank">37548019</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35784539">Improvement of Bone Health and Initiation of Puberty Development in Camurati-Engelmann Disease With Glucocorticoid and Losartan Treatment: A Case Report and Review of Literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cui L,
Li Q,
Guan W,
Yu W,
Li X,
Xia W,
Jiang Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)</span>
2022;13:882144.
Epub 2022 Jun 17
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.882144.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35784539" target="_blank">35784539</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9247158" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34490910">Alteration of Bone Density, Microarchitecture, and Strength in Patients with Camurati-Engelmann Disease: Assessed by HR-pQCT.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Li Q,
Zhao Z,
Wu B,
Pang Q,
Cui L,
Zhang L,
Jiang Y,
Wang O,
Li M,
Xing X,
Hu Y,
Yu W,
Meng X,
Jiajue R,
Xia W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Bone Miner Res</span>
2022 Jan;37(1):78-86.
Epub 2021 Sep 28
doi: 10.1002/jbmr.4436.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34490910" target="_blank">34490910</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34351871">Surgery Treatment of an Adult Patient with Camurati-Engelmann Disease: A Case Report.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Saboya F,
Medina A,
Cadavid S,
Fuentes R,
Jiménez-Canizales CE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JBJS Case Connect</span>
2021 Aug 5;11(3)
doi: 10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.01042.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34351871" target="_blank">34351871</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3969334">Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia: evaluation of corticosteroid therapy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Naveh Y,
Alon U,
Kaftori JK,
Berant M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatrics</span>
1985 Feb;75(2):321-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3969334" target="_blank">3969334</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Diaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (10)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Genetic_Testing_Registry">Genetic Testing Registry</h1><a sid="106" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0011989%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (24)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0011989%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F9" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of select exons (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0011989%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (26)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0011989%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (9)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0011989%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (36)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_resources">Clinical resources</h1><a sid="119" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=131300" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=1328" target="_blank">Orphanet</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Diaphyseal%20dysplasia" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Practice_guidelines">Practice guidelines</h1><a sid="121" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22diaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Diaphyseal%20dysplasia%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=190180" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="/clinvar/?term=7040[geneid]" target="_blank">View TGFB1 variations in ClinVar</a></li><li><a href="/nuccore/262331561" target="_blank">RefSeqGene</a></li><li><a href="https://catalog.coriell.org/Search?q=131300" target="_blank">Coriell Institute for Medical Research</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.malacards.org/card/camurati_engelmann_disease" target="_blank">MalaCards</a></li><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&amp;query=Diaphyseal%20dysplasia" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li><li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/camurati-engelmann-disease" target="_blank">MedlinePlusGenetics (GHR)</a></li><li><a href="https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/1072/disease" target="_blank">NCATS Office of Rare Diseases Research (GARD)</a></li></ul></div>
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<h3>Reviews</h3>
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<a href="/pubmed/20301335" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=1&amp;linkpostotal=3" target="_blank"><span class="gene_reviews">GeneReviews</span></a>
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<a href="/pubmed/clinical?term=Diaphyseal%20dysplasia" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=2&amp;linkpostotal=3" target="_blank">PubMed Clinical Queries</a>
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<a href="/pubmed?term=Diaphyseal%20dysplasia%20AND%20humans[mesh]%20AND%20review[publication%20type]" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=3&amp;linkpostotal=3" target="_blank">Reviews in PubMed</a>
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