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<meta name="keywords" content="C0265293, congenital abnormality, fmd, fmd - frontometaphyseal dysplasia, fmd1, frontometaphyseal dysplasia, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Frontometaphyseal dysplasia-1 (FMD1) is 1 of 4 otopalatodigital syndromes caused by mutations in the FLNA gene. The disorders, which include otopalatodigital syndrome-1 (OPD1; 311300), otopalatodigital syndrome-2 (OPD2; 304120), and Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS; 309350), constitute a phenotypic spectrum. At the mild end of the spectrum, males with OPD1 have cleft palate and mild skeletal anomalies with conductive deafness caused by ossicular anomalies. FMD1 is characterized by a generalized skeletal dysplasia, deafness, and urogenital defects. Males with OPD2 have disabling skeletal anomalies in addition to variable malformations in the hindbrain, heart, intestines, and kidneys that frequently lead to perinatal death. The most severe phenotype, MNS, is characterized by a skeletal dysplasia in the heterozygote. Affected males exhibit severe malformations similar to those observed in individuals with OPD2, resulting in prenatal lethality or death in the first few months of life (review by Robertson, 2005). Verloes et al. (2000) suggested that these disorders constitute a single entity, which they termed 'frontootopalatodigital osteodysplasia.'&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Frontometaphyseal Dysplasia&#13; Frontometaphyseal dysplasia-2 (FMD2; 617137) is caused by mutation in the MAP3K7 gene (602614) on chromosome 6q15." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Frontometaphyseal dysplasia (Concept Id: C0265293)
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<!--
UID=82703
ConceptID=C0265293
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia<span class="h1sub">(FMD1)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>82703</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0265293</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>FMD1</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Frontometaphyseal dysplasia (62803002); FMD - Frontometaphyseal dysplasia (62803002)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Modes of inheritance:</td>
<td>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="moi_141047"><div><strong>Autosomal dominant inheritance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>141047</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0443147</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Intellectual Product</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Source: Orphanet</div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele.</div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="moi_376232"><div><strong>X-linked dominant inheritance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>376232</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1847879</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Source: Orphanet</div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A mode of inheritance that is observed for dominant traits related to a gene encoded on the X chromosome. In the context of medical genetics, X-linked dominant disorders tend to manifest very severely in affected males. The severity of manifestation in females may depend on the degree of skewed X inactivation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/376232">This record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#moi_141047" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal dominant inheritance</a><span> (Orphanet)</span></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#moi_376232" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">X-linked dominant inheritance</a><span> (Orphanet)</span></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-related">Related genes:<img src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div id="target-gene-related" class="display-none">
Gene(s) associated with related conditions. For conditions<br />
in a hierarchy, the parent condition will list the genes<br />
associated with the children conditions.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" href="/gene/6885">MAP3K7</a>, <a target="_blank" href="/gene/2316">FLNA</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0015942" target="_blank">MONDO:0015942</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span> Phenotypic series:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/phenotypicSeries/PS305620" target="_blank">PS305620</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&amp;Expert=1826">ORPHA1826</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia-1 (FMD1) is 1 of 4 otopalatodigital syndromes caused by mutations in the FLNA gene. The disorders, which include otopalatodigital syndrome-1 (OPD1; 311300), otopalatodigital syndrome-2 (OPD2; 304120), and Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS; 309350), constitute a phenotypic spectrum. At the mild end of the spectrum, males with OPD1 have cleft palate and mild skeletal anomalies with conductive deafness caused by ossicular anomalies. FMD1 is characterized by a generalized skeletal dysplasia, deafness, and urogenital defects. Males with OPD2 have disabling skeletal anomalies in addition to variable malformations in the hindbrain, heart, intestines, and kidneys that frequently lead to perinatal death. The most severe phenotype, MNS, is characterized by a skeletal dysplasia in the heterozygote. Affected males exhibit severe malformations similar to those observed in individuals with OPD2, resulting in prenatal lethality or death in the first few months of life (review by Robertson, 2005). Verloes et al. (2000) suggested that these disorders constitute a single entity, which they termed 'frontootopalatodigital osteodysplasia.'&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Frontometaphyseal Dysplasia&#13; Frontometaphyseal dysplasia-2 (FMD2; 617137) is caused by mutation in the MAP3K7 gene (602614) on chromosome 6q15. [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li><li><a href="#tabORDO">Orphanet</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0265293[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=82703">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=82703" ref="ncbi_uid=82703">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia</span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4281559[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=923943">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=923943" target="_blank" href="/omim/300017">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK1393/" ref="ncbi_uid=923943">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=923943" ref="ncbi_uid=923943">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/923943" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=923943&amp;link_uid=923943" title="View MedGen record for 'Frontometaphyseal dysplasia 1'">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia 1</a></span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4310697[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=934664">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=934664" target="_blank" href="/omim/602614">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=934664" ref="ncbi_uid=934664">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/934664" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=934664&amp;link_uid=934664" title="View MedGen record for 'Frontometaphyseal dysplasia 2'">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia 2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1842358" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cranial malformation">Cranial malformation</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/923943" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Frontometaphyseal dysplasia 1">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia 1</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/934664" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Frontometaphyseal dysplasia 2">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia 2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div id="tabORDO">Follow <a target="_blank" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/Disease_Classif.php?lng=EN&amp;data_id=156&amp;PatId=1975&amp;search=Disease_Classif_Simple&amp;new=1" class="ital bold">this link</a> to review classifications for <span class="ital">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia</span> in Orphanet.</div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35730652">The MAP3K7 gene: Further delineation of clinical characteristics and genotype/phenotype correlations.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">van Woerden GM,
Senden R,
de Konink C,
Trezza RA,
Baban A,
Bassetti JA,
van Bever Y,
Bird LM,
van Bon BW,
Brooks AS,
Guan Q,
Klee EW,
Marcelis C,
Rosado JM,
Schimmenti LA,
Shikany AR,
Terhal PA,
Nicole Weaver K,
Wessels MW,
van Wieringen H,
Hurst AC,
Gooch CF,
Steindl K,
Joset P,
Rauch A,
Tartaglia M,
Niceta M,
Elgersma Y,
Demirdas S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hum Mutat</span>
2022 Oct;43(10):1377-1395.
Epub 2022 Jul 29
doi: 10.1002/humu.24425.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35730652" target="_blank">35730652</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9544731" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25820619">Recurrence of frontometaphyseal dysplasia in two sisters with a mutation in FLNA and an atypical paternal phenotype: Insights into genotype-phenotype correlation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bertola D,
Passos-Bueno MR,
Pereira A,
Kim C,
Morgan T,
Robertson SP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2015 May;167A(5):1161-4.
Epub 2015 Mar 28
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36981.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25820619" target="_blank">25820619</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22frontometaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (2)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35730652">The MAP3K7 gene: Further delineation of clinical characteristics and genotype/phenotype correlations.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">van Woerden GM,
Senden R,
de Konink C,
Trezza RA,
Baban A,
Bassetti JA,
van Bever Y,
Bird LM,
van Bon BW,
Brooks AS,
Guan Q,
Klee EW,
Marcelis C,
Rosado JM,
Schimmenti LA,
Shikany AR,
Terhal PA,
Nicole Weaver K,
Wessels MW,
van Wieringen H,
Hurst AC,
Gooch CF,
Steindl K,
Joset P,
Rauch A,
Tartaglia M,
Niceta M,
Elgersma Y,
Demirdas S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hum Mutat</span>
2022 Oct;43(10):1377-1395.
Epub 2022 Jul 29
doi: 10.1002/humu.24425.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35730652" target="_blank">35730652</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9544731" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33615695">X-linked frontometaphyseal dysplasia with severe scoliosis and spinal cord compromise in an Indian boy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gangadaran P,
Chaudhry C,
Panigrahi I,
Kumari A,
Kaur A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2021 May;185(5):1550-1553.
Epub 2021 Feb 22
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62134.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33615695" target="_blank">33615695</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19444897">The Erlenmeyer flask bone deformity in the skeletal dysplasias.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Faden MA,
Krakow D,
Ezgu F,
Rimoin DL,
Lachman RS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2009 Jun;149A(6):1334-45.
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32253.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19444897" target="_blank">19444897</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2836257" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16926860">Otopalatodigital syndrome spectrum disorders: otopalatodigital syndrome types 1 and 2, frontometaphyseal dysplasia and Melnick-Needles syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Robertson SP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Hum Genet</span>
2007 Jan;15(1):3-9.
Epub 2006 Aug 23
doi: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201654.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16926860" target="_blank">16926860</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7395904">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia--evidence for X-linked inheritance.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gorlin RJ,
Winter RB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet</span>
1980;5(1):81-4.
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.1320050111.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7395904" target="_blank">7395904</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Frontometaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (18)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36374066">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia 2 associated with thoracic deformity, and pulmonary arterial hypertension: a case report and review of literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sun Z,
Xu Z,
Sun J,
Liu J,
Ma H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Argent Pediatr</span>
2022 Dec;120(6):e278-e282.
Epub 2022 Nov 1
doi: 10.5546/aap.2022.eng.e278.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36374066" target="_blank">36374066</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33615695">X-linked frontometaphyseal dysplasia with severe scoliosis and spinal cord compromise in an Indian boy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gangadaran P,
Chaudhry C,
Panigrahi I,
Kumari A,
Kaur A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2021 May;185(5):1550-1553.
Epub 2021 Feb 22
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62134.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33615695" target="_blank">33615695</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9071288">CT and MR findings in frontometaphyseal dysplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ehrenstein T,
Mäurer J,
Liokumowitsch M,
Mack M,
Felix R,
Bier J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Comput Assist Tomogr</span>
1997 Mar-Apr;21(2):218-20.
doi: 10.1097/00004728-199703000-00009.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9071288" target="_blank">9071288</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/649644">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia presenting as scoliosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Medlar RC,
Crawford AH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Bone Joint Surg Am</span>
1978 Apr;60(3):392-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/649644" target="_blank">649644</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/4282264">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia: a progressive disease of bone and connective tissue.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Danks DM,
Mayne V</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser</span>
1974;10(12):57-60.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/4282264" target="_blank">4282264</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Frontometaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (25)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34272929">Exon skip-inducing variants in FLNA in an attenuated form of frontometaphyseal dysplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wade EM,
Jenkins ZA,
Morgan T,
Gimenez G,
Gibson H,
Peng H,
Sanchez Russo R,
Skraban CM,
Bedoukian E,
Robertson SP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2021 Dec;185(12):3675-3682.
Epub 2021 Jul 17
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62424.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34272929" target="_blank">34272929</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31978233">Anterior Segment Dysgenesis With Accessory Iris Membranes in an Infant With Otopalatodigital Spectrum Disorder and Mutation in the FLNA Gene.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Thieu T,
Milman T,
Bhatti TR,
Eagle RC Jr</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</span>
2020 Jan 24;57:e8-e11.
doi: 10.3928/01913913-20191230-02.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31978233" target="_blank">31978233</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29995760">Whole genome sequencing and 6-year follow-up of a mother and daughter with frontometaphyseal dysplasia associated with keratitis, xerosis, poikiloderma, and acro-osteolysis: A case report.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Xie H,
Xue L,
Hua W,
Jia B,
Zhang L,
Li L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Medicine (Baltimore)</span>
2018 Jul;97(28):e11283.
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011283.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29995760" target="_blank">29995760</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6076188" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20186808">Mutational analysis of two boys with the severe perinatally lethal Melnick-Needles syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Santos HH,
Garcia PP,
Pereira L,
Leão LL,
Aguiar RA,
Lana AM,
Carvalho MR,
Aguiar MJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2010 Mar;152A(3):726-31.
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33260.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20186808" target="_blank">20186808</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10789105">Foot deformity in frontometaphyseal dysplasia (Gorlin-Cohen syndrome): a case report.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vinay S,
Andreas R,
Bernhard ZE,
Gerhardt S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Foot Ankle Surg</span>
2000 Mar-Apr;39(2):131-5.
doi: 10.1016/s1067-2516(00)80038-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10789105" target="_blank">10789105</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Frontometaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (7)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34272929">Exon skip-inducing variants in FLNA in an attenuated form of frontometaphyseal dysplasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wade EM,
Jenkins ZA,
Morgan T,
Gimenez G,
Gibson H,
Peng H,
Sanchez Russo R,
Skraban CM,
Bedoukian E,
Robertson SP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2021 Dec;185(12):3675-3682.
Epub 2021 Jul 17
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62424.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34272929" target="_blank">34272929</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33372358">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia 1 in a patient from Sri Lanka.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dissanayake R,
Senanayake MP,
Fernando J,
Robertson SP,
Dissanayake VHW,
Sirisena ND</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2021 Apr;185(4):1317-1320.
Epub 2020 Dec 29
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62058.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33372358" target="_blank">33372358</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29660408">Expansion of the clinical spectrum of frontometaphyseal dysplasia 2 caused by the recurrent mutation p.Pro485Leu in MAP3K7.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Costantini A,
Wallgren-Pettersson C,
Mäkitie O</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Med Genet</span>
2018 Oct;61(10):612-615.
Epub 2018 Apr 14
doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.04.004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29660408" target="_blank">29660408</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16835913">Frontometaphyseal dysplasia: mutations in FLNA and phenotypic diversity.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Robertson SP,
Jenkins ZA,
Morgan T,
Adès L,
Aftimos S,
Boute O,
Fiskerstrand T,
Garcia-Miñaur S,
Grix A,
Green A,
Der Kaloustian V,
Lewkonia R,
McInnes B,
van Haelst MM,
Mancini G,
Illés T,
Mortier G,
Newbury-Ecob R,
Nicholson L,
Scott CI,
Ochman K,
Brozek I,
Shears DJ,
Superti-Furga A,
Suri M,
Whiteford M,
Wilkie AO,
Krakow D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2006 Aug 15;140(16):1726-36.
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31322.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16835913" target="_blank">16835913</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1233427">The skull in metaphyseal chondrodysplasia type Jansen.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Holthusen W,
Holt JF,
Stoeckenius M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Radiol</span>
1975 Jun 13;3(3):137-44.
doi: 10.1007/BF01006898.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1233427" target="_blank">1233427</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Frontometaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (11)</a></div></div>
</div>
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Genetic_Testing_Registry">Genetic Testing Registry</h1><a sid="106" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265293%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (12)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265293%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F17" target="_blank">Mutation scanning of the entire coding region (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265293%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (13)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265293%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (3)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265293%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (14)</a></total></li>
</ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_resources">Clinical resources</h1><a sid="119" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/phenotypicSeries/PS305620" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=1826" target="_blank">Orphanet</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Frontometaphyseal%20dysplasia" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22frontometaphyseal%20dysplasia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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