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<meta name="keywords" content="C0267373, finding, intestinal bleeding, intestinal haemorrhage, intestinal hemorrhage, pathologic function, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Bleeding from the intestines." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Intestinal bleeding (Concept Id: C0267373)
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<!--
UID=75632
ConceptID=C0267373
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Intestinal bleeding</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>75632</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0267373</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding; Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>Intestinal haemorrhage; Intestinal hemorrhage</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Intestinal hemorrhage (712510007)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002584">HP:0002584</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Bleeding from the intestines. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0267373[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=75632">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline">Intestinal bleeding</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/3828" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder of digestive system">Disorder of digestive system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/78584" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the digestive system">Abnormality of the digestive system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/927600" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal digestive system morphology">Abnormal digestive system morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866726" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal gastrointestinal tract morphology">Abnormal gastrointestinal tract morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1388201" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal intestine morphology">Abnormal intestine morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Intestinal bleeding</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/636060" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Small intestinal bleeding">Small intestinal bleeding</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_18404"><div><strong>Peutz-Jeghers syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>18404</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0031269</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is characterized by the association of gastrointestinal (GI) polyposis, mucocutaneous pigmentation, and cancer predisposition. PJS-type hamartomatous polyps are most common in the small intestine (in order of prevalence: jejunum, ileum, and duodenum) but can also occur in the stomach, large bowel, and extraintestinal sites including the renal pelvis, bronchus, gall bladder, nasal passages, urinary bladder, and ureters. GI polyps can result in chronic bleeding, anemia, and recurrent obstruction and intussusception requiring repeated laparotomy and bowel resection. Mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation presents in childhood as dark blue to dark brown macules around the mouth, eyes, and nostrils, in the perianal area, and on the buccal mucosa. Hyperpigmented macules on the fingers are common. The macules may fade in puberty and adulthood. Recognition of the distinctive skin manifestations is important especially in individuals who have PJS as the result of a de novo pathogenic variant as these skin findings often predate GI signs and symptoms. Individuals with PJS are at increased risk for a wide variety of epithelial malignancies (colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, breast, and ovarian cancers). Females are at risk for sex cord tumors with annular tubules (SCTAT), a benign neoplasm of the ovaries, and adenoma malignum of the cervix, a rare aggressive cancer. Males occasionally develop large calcifying Sertoli cell tumors of the testes, which secrete estrogen and can lead to gynecomastia, advanced skeletal age, and ultimately short stature, if untreated.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/18404">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_83401"><div><strong>Blue rubber bleb nevus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>83401</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0346072</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A rare vascular malformation disorder with cutaneous and visceral lesions frequently associated with serious, potentially fatal bleeding and anemia.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/83401">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_325026"><div><strong>Multiple cutaneous and mucosal venous malformations</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>325026</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1838437</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">TEK-related venous malformations (VM) encompass a range of phenotypes. Following the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) classification, these include common VM (unifocal/isolated VM or multifocal sporadic VM [MSVM]), multiple cutaneous and mucosal VM (VMCM), and blue rubber bleb nevus (BRBN) syndrome. VM are usually present at birth and grow with time, and new lesions can appear over time in individuals with MSVM, VMCM, and BRBN syndrome. Small lesions are usually asymptomatic; larger lesions can extend into other tissues, including subcutaneous tissues and muscles, causing pain and functional limitations. Malignant transformation has not been reported in TEK-related VM to date.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/325026">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_341995"><div><strong>Factor VII and Factor VIII, combined deficiency of</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341995</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1851377</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341995">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_414043"><div><strong>Platelet-type bleeding disorder 12</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>414043</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2751535</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Platelet prostaglandin-endoperoxidase synthase-1 deficiency is a hematologic disorder characterized by mildly increased bleeding due to a platelet defect. The PTGS1 gene (176805) encodes prostaglandin-endoperoxidase synthase-1, also known as COX1 or PGHS1, which catalyzes the formation of prostaglandin G2 (PGG2) and prostaglandin H2 from arachidonic acid, and the downstream formation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and prostacyclin. Thromboxane A2 is important for platelet aggregation (summary by Matijevic-Aleksic et al., 1996).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/414043">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1636142"><div><strong>Cerebroretinal microangiopathy with calcifications and cysts 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1636142</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4552029</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Dyskeratosis congenita and related telomere biology disorders (DC/TBD) are caused by impaired telomere maintenance resulting in short or very short telomeres. The phenotypic spectrum of telomere biology disorders is broad and includes individuals with classic dyskeratosis congenita (DC) as well as those with very short telomeres and an isolated physical finding. Classic DC is characterized by a triad of dysplastic nails, lacy reticular pigmentation of the upper chest and/or neck, and oral leukoplakia, although this may not be present in all individuals. People with DC/TBD are at increased risk for progressive bone marrow failure (BMF), myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myelogenous leukemia, solid tumors (usually squamous cell carcinoma of the head/neck or anogenital cancer), and pulmonary fibrosis. Other findings can include eye abnormalities (epiphora, blepharitis, sparse eyelashes, ectropion, entropion, trichiasis), taurodontism, liver disease, gastrointestinal telangiectasias, and avascular necrosis of the hips or shoulders. Although most persons with DC/TBD have normal psychomotor development and normal neurologic function, significant developmental delay is present in both forms; additional findings include cerebellar hypoplasia (Hoyeraal Hreidarsson syndrome) and bilateral exudative retinopathy and intracranial calcifications (Revesz syndrome and Coats plus syndrome). Onset and progression of manifestations of DC/TBD vary: at the mild end of the spectrum are those who have only minimal physical findings with normal bone marrow function, and at the severe end are those who have the diagnostic triad and early-onset BMF.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1636142">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_83401" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Blue rubber bleb nevus</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1636142" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cerebroretinal microangiopathy with calcifications and cysts 1</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_341995" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Factor VII and Factor VIII, combined deficiency of</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_325026" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Multiple cutaneous and mucosal venous malformations</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_18404" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Peutz-Jeghers syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_414043" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Platelet-type bleeding disorder 12</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37054692">Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome in Children and Adults.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yamamoto H,
Sakamoto H,
Kumagai H,
Abe T,
Ishiguro S,
Uchida K,
Kawasaki Y,
Saida Y,
Sano Y,
Takeuchi Y,
Tajika M,
Nakajima T,
Banno K,
Funasaka Y,
Hori S,
Yamaguchi T,
Yoshida T,
Ishikawa H,
Iwama T,
Okazaki Y,
Saito Y,
Matsuura N,
Mutoh M,
Tomita N,
Akiyama T,
Yamamoto T,
Ishida H,
Nakayama Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Digestion</span>
2023;104(5):335-347.
Epub 2023 Apr 13
doi: 10.1159/000529799.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37054692" target="_blank">37054692</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36695970">An intelligent intestinal bleeding diagnosis and treatment capsule system based on color recognition.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Qiao P,
Yu L,
Liu H,
Yan X,
Pi X</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Biomed Microdevices</span>
2023 Jan 25;25(1):6.
doi: 10.1007/s10544-022-00642-y.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36695970" target="_blank">36695970</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27170285">Hemospray treatment for bleeding intestinal anastomoses in the early postoperative period: a novel non-operative approach.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gubler C,
Metzler JM,
Turina M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Tech Coloproctol</span>
2016 Jul;20(7):495-8.
Epub 2016 May 12
doi: 10.1007/s10151-016-1484-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27170285" target="_blank">27170285</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22intestinal%20bleeding%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (59)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39788978">Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hermann R,
Shovlin CL,
Kasthuri RS,
Serra M,
Eker OF,
Bailly S,
Buscarini E,
Dupuis-Girod S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Dis Primers</span>
2025 Jan 9;11(1):1.
doi: 10.1038/s41572-024-00585-z.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39788978" target="_blank">39788978</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34461289">Immunomodulation and immunotherapeutics of COVID-19.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Garg SS,
Sharma A,
Gupta J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Immunol</span>
2021 Oct;231:108842.
Epub 2021 Aug 27
doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108842.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34461289" target="_blank">34461289</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8393504" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31932840">Complement blockade for TA-TMA: lessons learned from a large pediatric cohort treated with eculizumab.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jodele S,
Dandoy CE,
Lane A,
Laskin BL,
Teusink-Cross A,
Myers KC,
Wallace G,
Nelson A,
Bleesing J,
Chima RS,
Hirsch R,
Ryan TD,
Benoit S,
Mizuno K,
Warren M,
Davies SM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Blood</span>
2020 Mar 26;135(13):1049-1057.
doi: 10.1182/blood.2019004218.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31932840" target="_blank">31932840</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7099329" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10752018">Small intestinal bleeding.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lewis BS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastroenterol Clin North Am</span>
2000 Mar;29(1):67-95, vi.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10752018" target="_blank">10752018</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8456374">Intraoperative colonoscopy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sakanoue Y,
Nakao K,
Shoji Y,
Yanagi H,
Kusunoki M,
Utsunomiya J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Surg Endosc</span>
1993 Mar-Apr;7(2):84-7.
doi: 10.1007/BF00704383.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8456374" target="_blank">8456374</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intestinal%20bleeding%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (310)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35304997">Isolated amyloidosis of the gastro-intestinal tract.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Smeets S,
Dedeurwaerdere F,
Thomaere E,
Houthoofd B,
D'Hulst L,
Wilmes P,
Offner F,
De Coninck S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Gastroenterol Belg</span>
2022 Jan-Mar;85(1):80-84.
doi: 10.51821/85.1.8499.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35304997" target="_blank">35304997</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33743935">The Cost-Effectiveness of Video Capsule Endoscopy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jawaid S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am</span>
2021 Apr;31(2):413-424.
Epub 2021 Feb 15
doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2020.12.010.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33743935" target="_blank">33743935</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10752018">Small intestinal bleeding.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lewis BS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastroenterol Clin North Am</span>
2000 Mar;29(1):67-95, vi.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10752018" target="_blank">10752018</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8132301">Small intestinal bleeding.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lewis BS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastroenterol Clin North Am</span>
1994 Mar;23(1):67-91.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8132301" target="_blank">8132301</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/4545817">Gastro-intestinal bleeding.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Solanke TF</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">West Afr Med J Niger Med Dent Pract</span>
1973 Aug;22(4):78-80.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/4545817" target="_blank">4545817</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intestinal%20bleeding%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (516)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36453386">Tuberculous enteritis-induced small intestinal bleeding in a kidney transplant recipient.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chou JW,
Chang KC,
Wu YH,
Huang PJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Postgrad Med</span>
2023 Apr-Jun;69(2):114-115.
doi: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_122_22.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36453386" target="_blank">36453386</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10259424" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31932840">Complement blockade for TA-TMA: lessons learned from a large pediatric cohort treated with eculizumab.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jodele S,
Dandoy CE,
Lane A,
Laskin BL,
Teusink-Cross A,
Myers KC,
Wallace G,
Nelson A,
Bleesing J,
Chima RS,
Hirsch R,
Ryan TD,
Benoit S,
Mizuno K,
Warren M,
Davies SM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Blood</span>
2020 Mar 26;135(13):1049-1057.
doi: 10.1182/blood.2019004218.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31932840" target="_blank">31932840</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7099329" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9925703">Acute lower intestinal bleeding. Part II: etiology, therapy, and outcomes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zuckerman GR,
Prakash C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastrointest Endosc</span>
1999 Feb;49(2):228-38.
doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107(99)70491-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9925703" target="_blank">9925703</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8481050">Cows' milk induced intestinal bleeding in infancy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sullivan PB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Dis Child</span>
1993 Feb;68(2):240-5.
doi: 10.1136/adc.68.2.240.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8481050" target="_blank">8481050</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1029246" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/782836">Drug-induced anaemias.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Girdwood RH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Drugs</span>
1976;11(5):394-404.
doi: 10.2165/00003495-197611050-00003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/782836" target="_blank">782836</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intestinal%20bleeding%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (297)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33743927">Timing and Use of Capsule Endoscopy in the Acute Care Setting.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hanscom M,
Singh A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am</span>
2021 Apr;31(2):307-316.
Epub 2021 Feb 15
doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2020.12.006.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33743927" target="_blank">33743927</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31932840">Complement blockade for TA-TMA: lessons learned from a large pediatric cohort treated with eculizumab.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jodele S,
Dandoy CE,
Lane A,
Laskin BL,
Teusink-Cross A,
Myers KC,
Wallace G,
Nelson A,
Bleesing J,
Chima RS,
Hirsch R,
Ryan TD,
Benoit S,
Mizuno K,
Warren M,
Davies SM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Blood</span>
2020 Mar 26;135(13):1049-1057.
doi: 10.1182/blood.2019004218.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31932840" target="_blank">31932840</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7099329" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23986220">Hepcidin and its role in inflammatory bowel disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dudkowiak R,
Neubauer K,
Poniewierka E</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Adv Clin Exp Med</span>
2013 Jul-Aug;22(4):585-91.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23986220" target="_blank">23986220</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10752018">Small intestinal bleeding.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lewis BS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastroenterol Clin North Am</span>
2000 Mar;29(1):67-95, vi.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10752018" target="_blank">10752018</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9925703">Acute lower intestinal bleeding. Part II: etiology, therapy, and outcomes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zuckerman GR,
Prakash C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastrointest Endosc</span>
1999 Feb;49(2):228-38.
doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107(99)70491-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9925703" target="_blank">9925703</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intestinal%20bleeding%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (192)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39788978">Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hermann R,
Shovlin CL,
Kasthuri RS,
Serra M,
Eker OF,
Bailly S,
Buscarini E,
Dupuis-Girod S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Dis Primers</span>
2025 Jan 9;11(1):1.
doi: 10.1038/s41572-024-00585-z.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39788978" target="_blank">39788978</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33743927">Timing and Use of Capsule Endoscopy in the Acute Care Setting.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hanscom M,
Singh A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am</span>
2021 Apr;31(2):307-316.
Epub 2021 Feb 15
doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2020.12.006.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33743927" target="_blank">33743927</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28918911">Mortality of severe septic patients between physician's high and low care volumes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lin CY,
Tseng JC,
Huang CY,
Chu CM,
Wu HP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Biomed J</span>
2017 Aug;40(4):226-231.
Epub 2017 Jul 27
doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2017.06.005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28918911" target="_blank">28918911</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6136278" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16093772">Double-balloon endoscopy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yamamoto H,
Kita H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Gastroenterol</span>
2005 Sep;21(5):573-7.
doi: 10.1097/01.mog.0000176440.03280.2a.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16093772" target="_blank">16093772</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11355905">Lower intestinal bleeding.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lingenfelser T,
Ell C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol</span>
2001 Feb;15(1):135-53.
doi: 10.1053/bega.2000.0160.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11355905" target="_blank">11355905</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intestinal%20bleeding%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (150)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31047654">Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Preoperative Atrial Fibrillation on Outcomes After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Usman MS,
Ahmed S,
Yamani N,
Akhtar T,
Asmi N,
Siddiqi TJ,
Khan SU,
Doukky R,
Khan MS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Cardiol</span>
2019 Jul 1;124(1):158-162.
Epub 2019 Apr 9
doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.03.038.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31047654" target="_blank">31047654</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26641253">Adjunctive Corticotherapy for Community Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Marti C,
Grosgurin O,
Harbarth S,
Combescure C,
Abbas M,
Rutschmann O,
Perrier A,
Garin N</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">PLoS One</span>
2015;10(12):e0144032.
Epub 2015 Dec 7
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144032.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26641253" target="_blank">26641253</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4671611" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23192375">Accuracy of CT angiography in the diagnosis of acute gastrointestinal bleeding: systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">García-Blázquez V,
Vicente-Bártulos A,
Olavarria-Delgado A,
Plana MN,
van der Winden D,
Zamora J;
EBM-Connect Collaboration</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Radiol</span>
2013 May;23(5):1181-90.
Epub 2012 Nov 29
doi: 10.1007/s00330-012-2721-x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23192375" target="_blank">23192375</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19370611">Antibiotic prophylaxis for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites, without gastro-intestinal bleeding.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cohen MJ,
Sahar T,
Benenson S,
Elinav E,
Brezis M,
Soares-Weiser K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cochrane Database Syst Rev</span>
2009 Apr 15;(2):CD004791.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004791.pub2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19370611" target="_blank">19370611</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10796562">Steroids for treating cerebral malaria.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Prasad K,
Garner P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cochrane Database Syst Rev</span>
2000;1999(2):CD000972.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000972.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10796562" target="_blank">10796562</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6532619" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Intestinal%20bleeding%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (8)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0267373%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (4)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0267373%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (4)</a></li>
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