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<meta name="keywords" content="C0043352, absent salivary secretion, aptyalia, aptyalism, asialia, asialias, clinical xerostomia, decreased salivary flow, disease or syndrome, dry mouth, dry mouth syndrome, dryness, mouth, finding, hypoactive salivary flow, hyposalivation, hyposalivations, hyposecretion of salivary gland, inadequate salivary flow, mouth dryness, reduced salivation, salivary hyposecretion, xerostomia, xerostomias, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Dryness of the mouth due to salivary gland dysfunction." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=22735
ConceptID=C0043352
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Xerostomia</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>22735</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0043352</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome; Finding</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>Asialia; Asialias; Dryness, Mouth; Hyposalivation; Hyposalivations; Mouth Dryness; Xerostomias</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Aptyalism (87715008); Xerostomia (87715008); Absent salivary secretion (87715008); Aptyalia (87715008); Asialia (87715008); Dry mouth (87715008); Reduced salivation (300268000); Salivary hyposecretion (56893005); Clinical xerostomia (87715008); Hyposecretion of salivary gland (56893005); Hyposalivation (56893005); Hypoactive salivary flow (56893005); Inadequate salivary flow (56893005)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0000217">HP:0000217</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Dryness of the mouth due to salivary gland dysfunction. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0043352[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=22735">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline">Xerostomia</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867442" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of head or neck">Abnormality of head or neck</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867438" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the head">Abnormality of the head</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871375" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the face">Abnormality of the face</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/6447" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the mouth">Abnormality of the mouth</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1631824" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal oral physiology">Abnormal oral physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867592" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of salivation">Abnormality of salivation</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Xerostomia</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/282890" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Sjogren syndrome">Sjogren syndrome</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/508757" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Primary Sjögren syndrome">Primary Sjögren syndrome</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/508758" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Secondary Sjögren syndrome">Secondary Sjögren syndrome</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/698356" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Xerostomia caused by ionizing radiation">Xerostomia caused by ionizing radiation</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_8688"><div><strong>Primary erythromelalgia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>8688</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0014805</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">SCN9A neuropathic pain syndromes (SCN9A-NPS) comprise SCN9A erythromelalgia (EM), SCN9A paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD), and SCN9A small fiber neuropathy (SFN). SCN9A-EM is characterized by recurrent episodes of bilateral intense, burning pain, and redness, warmth, and occasionally swelling. While the feet are more commonly affected than the hands, in severely affected individuals the legs, arms, face, and/or ears may be involved. SCN9A-PEPD is characterized by neonatal or infantile onset of autonomic manifestations that can include skin flushing, harlequin (patchy or asymmetric) color change, tonic non-epileptic attacks (stiffening), and syncope with bradycardia. Later manifestations are episodes of excruciating deep burning rectal, ocular, or submandibular pain accompanied by flushing (erythematous skin changes). SCN9A-SFN is characterized by adult-onset neuropathic pain in a stocking and glove distribution, often with a burning quality; autonomic manifestations such as dry eyes, mouth, orthostatic dizziness, palpitations, bowel or bladder disturbances; and preservation of large nerve fiber functions (normal strength, tendon reflexes, and vibration sense).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/8688">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_18718"><div><strong>Prune belly syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>18718</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0033770</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">In its rare complete form, 'prune belly' syndrome (PBS) comprises megacystis (massively enlarged bladder) with disorganized detrusor muscle, cryptorchidism, and thin abdominal musculature with overlying lax skin (summary by Weber et al., 2011).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/18718">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_57641"><div><strong>Congenital absence of salivary gland</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57641</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0158667</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Aplasia of lacrimal and salivary glands (ALSG) is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by irritable eyes, epiphora (constant tearing), and xerostomia (dryness of the mouth), which increases risk of dental erosion, dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral infections. ALSG has variable expressivity, and affected individuals may have aplasia or hypoplasia of the lacrimal, parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands and absence of the lacrimal puncta. In affected individuals, the misdiagnosis is often made of the more prevalent disorder Sjogren syndrome (270150), an autoimmune condition characterized by keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia. Both sporadic and familial cases of ALSG have been described (summary by Entesarian et al., 2005).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57641">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_129128"><div><strong>Cronkhite-Canada syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>129128</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0282207</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cronkhite-Canada syndrome is characterized by gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyposis, alopecia, onychodystrophy, skin hyperpigmentation, and diarrhea. It is associated with high morbidity (summary by Sweetser et al., 2012).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/129128">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_282890"><div><strong>Sjogren syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>282890</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1527336</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Sjogren syndrome is an autoimmune disease that mainly affects the exocrine glands. It is clinically characterized by keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia (Goransson et al., 2006).&#13; See 200400 for association of Sjogren syndrome with achalasia in sisters.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/282890">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_343663"><div><strong>Ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and cleft lip-palate syndrome 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>343663</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1851841</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An EEC syndrome characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 7q11.2-q21.3.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/343663">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_347666"><div><strong>Ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and cleft lip-palate syndrome 3</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>347666</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1858562</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The TP63-related disorders comprise six overlapping phenotypes: Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate (AEC) syndrome (which includes Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome). Acro-dermo-ungual-lacrimal-tooth (ADULT) syndrome. Ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip/palate syndrome 3 (EEC3). Limb-mammary syndrome. Split-hand/foot malformation type 4 (SHFM4). Isolated cleft lip/cleft palate (orofacial cleft 8). Individuals typically have varying combinations of ectodermal dysplasia (hypohidrosis, nail dysplasia, sparse hair, tooth abnormalities), cleft lip/palate, split-hand/foot malformation/syndactyly, lacrimal duct obstruction, hypopigmentation, hypoplastic breasts and/or nipples, and hypospadias. Findings associated with a single phenotype include ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum (tissue strands that completely or partially fuse the upper and lower eyelids), skin erosions especially on the scalp associated with areas of scarring, and alopecia, trismus, and excessive freckling.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/347666">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_395436"><div><strong>Achalasia, familial esophageal</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>395436</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1860213</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Achalasia is a primary motor disorder of the esophagus. It is characterized by aperistalsis and a failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax due to a loss of inhibitory nitrinergic neurons in the esophageal myenteric plexus. Patients typically present with dysphagia, regurgitation, retrosternal pain, and substantial weight loss (summary by Farrokhi and Vaezi, 2007 and Gockel et al., 2010).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/395436">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_761671"><div><strong>Ectodermal dysplasia 11B, hypohidrotic/hair/tooth type, autosomal recessive</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>761671</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3539920</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is characterized by hypotrichosis (sparseness of scalp and body hair), hypohidrosis (reduced ability to sweat), and hypodontia (congenital absence of teeth). The cardinal features of classic HED become obvious during childhood. The scalp hair is thin, lightly pigmented, and slow growing. Sweating, although present, is greatly deficient, leading to episodes of hyperthermia until the affected individual or family acquires experience with environmental modifications to control temperature. Only a few abnormally formed teeth erupt, at a later-than-average age. Physical growth and psychomotor development are otherwise within normal limits. Mild HED is characterized by mild manifestations of any or all the characteristic features.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/761671">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_934587"><div><strong>Yao syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>934587</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4310620</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Yao syndrome (YAOS) is an autoinflammatory disease characterized by periodic fever, dermatitis, arthritis, and swelling of the distal extremities, as well as gastrointestinal and sicca-like symptoms. The disorder is associated with specific NOD2 variants (and Shen, 2017).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/934587">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1621482"><div><strong>HELIX syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1621482</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4522164</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">HELIX syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by Hypohidrosis, Electrolyte imbalance, Lacrimal gland dysfunction, Ichthyosis, and Xerostomia (summary by Hadj-Rabia et al., 2018).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1621482">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1682428"><div><strong>Ichthyotic keratoderma, spasticity, hypomyelination, and dysmorphic facial features</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1682428</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5193147</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Ichthyotic keratoderma, spasticity, hypomyelination, and dysmorphic features (IKSHD) is characterized by epidermal hyperproliferation and increased keratinization, resulting in ichthyosis; hypomyelination of central white matter, causing spastic paraplegia and central nystagmus; and optic atrophy, resulting in reduction of peripheral vision and visual acuity (Mueller et al., 2019). In addition, patients exhibit mild facial dysmorphism (Kutkowska-Kazmierczak et al., 2018).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1682428">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1742639"><div><strong>Kilquist syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1742639</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5436756</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Kilquist syndrome (KILQS) is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder characterized by neurologic, gastrointestinal, and secretory dysfunction. Affected individuals present at birth with hypotonia, feeding difficulties, mild dysmorphic features, and sensorineural hearing loss. They show poor overall growth associated with gastrointestinal anomalies such as gastroesophageal reflux or midgut malrotation, as well as profound global developmental delay with inability to sit or speak. Tear, sweat, and saliva production is also impaired, causing dry mouth and recurrent bronchial mucus plugging. Some of the clinical features are reminiscent of cystic fibrosis (CF; 219700) (summary by Stodberg et al., 2020).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1742639">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1824060"><div><strong>Lacrimoauriculodentodigital syndrome 3</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1824060</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5774287</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Lacrimoauriculodentodigital syndrome-3 (LADD3) is a multiple congenital anomaly disorder characterized by aplasia, atresia or hypoplasia of the lacrimal and salivary systems, cup-shaped ears, hearing loss, and dental and digital anomalies (summary by Milunsky et al., 2006).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1824060">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1824096"><div><strong>LADD syndrome 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1824096</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5774323</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Lacrimoauriculodentodigital syndrome-1 (LADD1) is a multiple congenital anomaly disorder mainly affecting lacrimal glands and ducts, salivary glands and ducts, ears, teeth, and distal limb segments (summary by Rohmann et al., 2006).&#13; Genetic Heterogeneity of Lacrimoauriculodentodigital Syndrome&#13; LADD syndrome-2 (LADD2; 620192) is caused by mutation in the FGFR3 gene (134934) on chromosome 4p16, and LADD syndrome-3 (LADD3; 620193) is caused by mutation in the FGF10 gene, an FGFR ligand, on chromosome 5p12.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1824096">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_395436" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Achalasia, familial esophageal</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_57641" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Congenital absence of salivary gland</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_129128" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cronkhite-Canada syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_761671" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ectodermal dysplasia 11B, hypohidrotic/hair/tooth type, autosomal recessive</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_343663" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and cleft lip-palate syndrome 1</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (15)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_347666" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and cleft lip-palate syndrome 3</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1621482" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">HELIX syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1682428" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ichthyotic keratoderma, spasticity, hypomyelination, and dysmorphic facial features</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1742639" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Kilquist syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1824060" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lacrimoauriculodentodigital syndrome 3</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1824096" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">LADD syndrome 1</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_8688" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Primary erythromelalgia</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_18718" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Prune belly syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_282890" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sjogren syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_934587" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Yao syndrome</a></div></span></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28916028">Etiology, evaluation, and management of xerostomia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Millsop JW,
Wang EA,
Fazel N</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Dermatol</span>
2017 Sep-Oct;35(5):468-476.
Epub 2017 Jun 27
doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.06.010.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28916028" target="_blank">28916028</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28610655">The Diagnosis and Treatment of Sjögren's Syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Stefanski AL,
Tomiak C,
Pleyer U,
Dietrich T,
Burmester GR,
Dörner T</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dtsch Arztebl Int</span>
2017 May 26;114(20):354-361.
doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2017.0354.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28610655" target="_blank">28610655</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5471601" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12555958">Xerostomia: etiology, recognition and treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Guggenheimer J,
Moore PA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Dent Assoc</span>
2003 Jan;134(1):61-9; quiz 118-9.
doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2003.0018.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12555958" target="_blank">12555958</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22xerostomia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (505)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27853957">A Guide to Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction, Xerostomia, and Subjective Sialorrhea: A Systematic Review Sponsored by the World Workshop on Oral Medicine VI.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wolff A,
Joshi RK,
Ekström J,
Aframian D,
Pedersen AM,
Proctor G,
Narayana N,
Villa A,
Sia YW,
Aliko A,
McGowan R,
Kerr AR,
Jensen SB,
Vissink A,
Dawes C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Drugs R D</span>
2017 Mar;17(1):1-28.
doi: 10.1007/s40268-016-0153-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27853957" target="_blank">27853957</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5318321" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27476240">Xerostomia and Depression.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Grover SS,
Rhodus NL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Northwest Dent</span>
2016 May-Jun;95(3):29, 31, 33-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27476240" target="_blank">27476240</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26935515">Xerostomia of Various Etiologies: A Review of the Literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tanasiewicz M,
Hildebrandt T,
Obersztyn I</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Adv Clin Exp Med</span>
2016 Jan-Feb;25(1):199-206.
doi: 10.17219/acem/29375.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26935515" target="_blank">26935515</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22892434">Submandibular gland-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mendenhall WM,
Mendenhall CM,
Mendenhall NP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Clin Oncol</span>
2014 Oct;37(5):514-6.
doi: 10.1097/COC.0b013e318261054e.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22892434" target="_blank">22892434</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20887509">Xerostomia: an update for clinicians.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hopcraft MS,
Tan C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Aust Dent J</span>
2010 Sep;55(3):238-44; quiz 353.
doi: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2010.01229.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20887509" target="_blank">20887509</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Xerostomia%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (3346)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30001784">Update on Sjögren Syndrome and Other Causes of Sicca in Older Adults.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Baer AN,
Walitt B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Rheum Dis Clin North Am</span>
2018 Aug;44(3):419-436.
doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2018.03.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30001784" target="_blank">30001784</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6245643" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29878444">Salivary secretion in health and disease.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pedersen AML,
Sørensen CE,
Proctor GB,
Carpenter GH,
Ekström J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Oral Rehabil</span>
2018 Sep;45(9):730-746.
Epub 2018 Jun 25
doi: 10.1111/joor.12664.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29878444" target="_blank">29878444</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28916028">Etiology, evaluation, and management of xerostomia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Millsop JW,
Wang EA,
Fazel N</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Dermatol</span>
2017 Sep-Oct;35(5):468-476.
Epub 2017 Jun 27
doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.06.010.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28916028" target="_blank">28916028</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26935515">Xerostomia of Various Etiologies: A Review of the Literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tanasiewicz M,
Hildebrandt T,
Obersztyn I</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Adv Clin Exp Med</span>
2016 Jan-Feb;25(1):199-206.
doi: 10.17219/acem/29375.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26935515" target="_blank">26935515</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12555958">Xerostomia: etiology, recognition and treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Guggenheimer J,
Moore PA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Dent Assoc</span>
2003 Jan;134(1):61-9; quiz 118-9.
doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2003.0018.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12555958" target="_blank">12555958</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Xerostomia%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2002)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31483040">Electrical stimulation in the treatment of radiotherapy-induced hyposalivation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Paim ÉD,
Berbert MCB,
Zanella VG,
Macagnan FE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Codas</span>
2019 Sep 2;31(4):e20180176.
doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20192018176.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31483040" target="_blank">31483040</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31128145">Palliative Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancers.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Grewal AS,
Jones J,
Lin A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys</span>
2019 Oct 1;105(2):254-266.
Epub 2019 May 22
doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.05.024.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31128145" target="_blank">31128145</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25325937">Acupuncture for symptom management in cancer care: an update.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Garcia MK,
McQuade J,
Lee R,
Haddad R,
Spano M,
Cohen L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Oncol Rep</span>
2014 Dec;16(12):418.
doi: 10.1007/s11912-014-0418-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25325937" target="_blank">25325937</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20605536">Acupuncture and cancer.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">O'Regan D,
Filshie J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Auton Neurosci</span>
2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):96-100.
doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.05.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20605536" target="_blank">20605536</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11772135">Cetirizine/pseudoephedrine.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wellington K,
Jarvis B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Drugs</span>
2001;61(15):2231-40; discussion 2241-2.
doi: 10.2165/00003495-200161150-00009.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11772135" target="_blank">11772135</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Xerostomia%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (3405)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33656965">Cutaneous adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: incidence and types of reactive dermatoses.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Le TK,
Kaul S,
Cappelli LC,
Naidoo J,
Semenov YR,
Kwatra SG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Dermatolog Treat</span>
2022 May;33(3):1691-1695.
Epub 2021 Mar 23
doi: 10.1080/09546634.2021.1898529.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33656965" target="_blank">33656965</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8458472" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33764387">Chronic Immune-Related Adverse Events Following Adjuvant Anti-PD-1 Therapy for High-risk Resected Melanoma.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Patrinely JR Jr,
Johnson R,
Lawless AR,
Bhave P,
Sawyers A,
Dimitrova M,
Yeoh HL,
Palmeri M,
Ye F,
Fan R,
Davis EJ,
Rapisuwon S,
Long GV,
Haydon A,
Osman I,
Mehnert JM,
Carlino MS,
Sullivan RJ,
Menzies AM,
Johnson DB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Oncol</span>
2021 May 1;7(5):744-748.
doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.0051.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33764387" target="_blank">33764387</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7995124" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19887793">Xerostomia after acute stroke.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kerr GD,
Sellars C,
Bowie L,
Bagg J,
Sweeney MP,
Langhorne P,
Stott DJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cerebrovasc Dis</span>
2009;28(6):624-6.
Epub 2009 Oct 31
doi: 10.1159/000253147.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19887793" target="_blank">19887793</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17910906">The current status of intensity-modulated radiation therapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lu H,
Yao M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cancer Treat Rev</span>
2008 Feb;34(1):27-36.
Epub 2007 Oct 1
doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2007.08.004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17910906" target="_blank">17910906</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1880437">Symptoms of pancreatic cancer.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Krech RL,
Walsh D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pain Symptom Manage</span>
1991 Aug;6(6):360-7.
doi: 10.1016/0885-3924(91)90027-2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1880437" target="_blank">1880437</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Xerostomia%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1258)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38739392">Acupuncture for Chronic Radiation-Induced Xerostomia in Head and Neck Cancer: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cohen L,
Danhauer SC,
Garcia MK,
Dressler EV,
Rosenthal DI,
Chambers MS,
Cusimano A,
Brown WM,
Ochoa JM,
Yang P,
Chiang JS,
Gordon O,
Crutcher R,
Kim JK,
Russin MP,
Lukenbill J,
Porosnicu M,
Yost KJ,
Weaver KE,
Lesser GJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Netw Open</span>
2024 May 1;7(5):e2410421.
doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.10421.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38739392" target="_blank">38739392</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11091764" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31732852">Alleviation of dry mouth by saliva substitutes improved swallowing ability and clinical nutritional status of post-radiotherapy head and neck cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nuchit S,
Lam-Ubol A,
Paemuang W,
Talungchit S,
Chokchaitam O,
Mungkung OO,
Pongcharoen T,
Trachootham D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Support Care Cancer</span>
2020 Jun;28(6):2817-2828.
Epub 2019 Nov 15
doi: 10.1007/s00520-019-05132-1.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31732852" target="_blank">31732852</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7181446" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29029657">Dry Mouth and Clinical Oral Dryness Scoring Systems.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Das P,
Challacombe SJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Prim Dent J</span>
2016 Feb 1;5(1):77-79.
doi: 10.1177/205016841600500110.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29029657" target="_blank">29029657</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26935515">Xerostomia of Various Etiologies: A Review of the Literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tanasiewicz M,
Hildebrandt T,
Obersztyn I</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Adv Clin Exp Med</span>
2016 Jan-Feb;25(1):199-206.
doi: 10.17219/acem/29375.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26935515" target="_blank">26935515</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23429751">Burning mouth syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gurvits GE,
Tan A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">World J Gastroenterol</span>
2013 Feb 7;19(5):665-72.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i5.665.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23429751" target="_blank">23429751</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3574592" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Xerostomia%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2139)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36231212">Oral Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">García-Ríos P,
Pecci-Lloret MP,
Oñate-Sánchez RE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Environ Res Public Health</span>
2022 Sep 21;19(19)
doi: 10.3390/ijerph191911910.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36231212" target="_blank">36231212</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9565705" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34009257">Triple vs Dual Inhaler Therapy and Asthma Outcomes in Moderate to Severe Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kim LHY,
Saleh C,
Whalen-Browne A,
O'Byrne PM,
Chu DK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA</span>
2021 Jun 22;325(24):2466-2479.
doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.7872.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34009257" target="_blank">34009257</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8135065" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33541115">Oral health-related quality of life in oral cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yuwanati M,
Gondivkar S,
Sarode SC,
Gadbail A,
Desai A,
Mhaske S,
Pathak SK,
N Khatib M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Future Oncol</span>
2021 Mar;17(8):979-990.
Epub 2021 Feb 5
doi: 10.2217/fon-2020-0881.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33541115" target="_blank">33541115</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28809366">Oral manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus. A systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mauri-Obradors E,
Estrugo-Devesa A,
Jané-Salas E,
Viñas M,
López-López J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal</span>
2017 Sep 1;22(5):e586-e594.
doi: 10.4317/medoral.21655.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28809366" target="_blank">28809366</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5694181" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27031061">Treatment of xerostomia and hyposalivation in the elderly: A systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gil-Montoya JA,
Silvestre FJ,
Barrios R,
Silvestre-Rangil J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal</span>
2016 May 1;21(3):e355-66.
doi: 10.4317/medoral.20969.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27031061" target="_blank">27031061</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4867210" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Xerostomia%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (210)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0043352%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (3)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0043352%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (3)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0043352%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (3)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Xerostomia" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Practice_guidelines">Practice guidelines</h1><a sid="121" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22xerostomia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Xerostomia%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&amp;query=Xerostomia" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li></ul></div>
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