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<!--
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UID=22640
|
||
ConceptID=C0042582
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<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Vesicovaginal fistula</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>22640</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0042582</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
|
||
<td>Fistula, Vesico-Vaginal; Fistula, Vesicovaginal; Fistulae, Vesico-Vaginal; Fistulae, Vesicovaginal; Fistulas, Vesico-Vaginal; Fistulas, Vesicovaginal; Vesico Vaginal Fistula; Vesico Vaginal Fistulae; Vesico-Vaginal Fistula; Vesico-Vaginal Fistulae; Vesico-Vaginal Fistulas; Vesicovaginal Fistula; Vesicovaginal Fistulae; Vesicovaginal Fistulas</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
|
||
<td>VVF - Vesicovaginal fistula (89405008); Vesicovaginal fistula (89405008)</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001586">HP:0001586</a></td></tr>
|
||
</tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
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||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">The presence of a fistula connecting the urinary bladder to the vagina. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
|
||
</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
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<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test, </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test, </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM, </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>, </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline">Vesicovaginal fistula</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/4347" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disease">Disease</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/232130" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder by Site">Disorder by Site</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/508335" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder of the genitourinary system">Disorder of the genitourinary system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/21791" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Urinary system disorder">Urinary system disorder</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/2278" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Urinary bladder disorder">Urinary bladder disorder</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/2662" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bladder fistula">Bladder fistula</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Vesicovaginal fistula</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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||
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_184924"><div><strong>McKusick-Kaufman syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>184924</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0948368</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">McKusick-Kaufman syndrome (MKS) is characterized by the combination of postaxial polydactyly (PAP), congenital heart disease (CHD), and hydrometrocolpos (HMC) in females and genital malformations in males (most commonly hypospadias, cryptorchidism, and chordee). HMC in infants usually presents as a large cystic abdominal mass arising out of the pelvis, caused by dilatation of the vagina and uterus as a result of the accumulation of cervical secretions from maternal estrogen stimulation. HMC can be caused by failure of the distal third of the vagina to develop (vaginal agenesis), a transverse vaginal membrane, or an imperforate hymen. PAP is the presence of additional digits on the ulnar side of the hand and the fibular side of the foot. A variety of congenital heart defects have been reported including atrioventricular canal, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, or a complex congenital heart malformation.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/184924">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_338020"><div><strong>Exstrophy-epispadias complex</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>338020</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1850321</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Carey et al. (1978) gave the name OEIS complex to a combination of defects comprising omphalocele, exstrophy of the cloaca, imperforate anus, and spinal defects. This rare complex is thought to represent the most severe end of a spectrum of birth defects, the exstrophy-epispadias sequence, which, in order of increasing severity, includes phallic separation with epispadias, pubic diastasis, exstrophy of the bladder (600057), cloacal exstrophy, and OEIS complex. Very few instances of recurrence of anomalies in this cluster have been reported.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/338020">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_461449"><div><strong>Antley-Bixler syndrome with genital anomalies and disordered steroidogenesis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>461449</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3150099</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency (PORD) is a disorder of steroidogenesis with a broad phenotypic spectrum including cortisol deficiency, altered sex steroid synthesis, disorders of sex development (DSD), and skeletal malformations of the Antley-Bixler syndrome (ABS) phenotype. Cortisol deficiency is usually partial, with some baseline cortisol production but failure to mount an adequate cortisol response in stress. Mild mineralocorticoid excess can be present and causes arterial hypertension, usually presenting in young adulthood. Manifestations of altered sex steroid synthesis include ambiguous genitalia/DSD in both males and females, large ovarian cysts in females, poor masculinization and delayed puberty in males, and maternal virilization during pregnancy with an affected fetus. Skeletal malformations can manifest as craniosynostosis, mid-face retrusion with proptosis and choanal stenosis or atresia, low-set dysplastic ears with stenotic external auditory canals, hydrocephalus, radiohumeral synostosis, neonatal fractures, congenital bowing of the long bones, joint contractures, arachnodactyly, and clubfeet; other anomalies observed include urinary tract anomalies (renal pelvic dilatation, vesicoureteral reflux). Cognitive impairment is of minor concern and likely associated with the severity of malformations; studies of developmental outcomes are lacking.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/461449">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_813018"><div><strong>SLC35A2-congenital disorder of glycosylation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>813018</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3806688</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Congenital disorder of glycosylation type IIm, or developmental and epileptic encephalopathy-22 (DEE22), is an X-linked dominant severe neurologic disorder characterized by infantile-onset seizures, hypsarrhythmia on EEG, hypotonia, and developmental delay associated with severe intellectual disability and lack of speech. These features are consistent with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). Brain malformations usually include cerebral and cerebellar atrophy. Additionally, some patients may have dysmorphic features or coarse facies (Ng et al., 2013; Kodera et al., 2013). For a general discussion of CDGs, see CDG1A (212065) and CDG2A (212066). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of DEE, see 308350.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/813018">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_461449" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Antley-Bixler syndrome with genital anomalies and disordered steroidogenesis</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_338020" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Exstrophy-epispadias complex</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_184924" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">McKusick-Kaufman syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_813018" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">SLC35A2-congenital disorder of glycosylation</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38003996">Vesicovaginal Fistulas: Prevalence, Impact, and Management Challenges.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chinthakanan O,
|
||
Sirisreetreerux P,
|
||
Saraluck A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Medicina (Kaunas)</span>
|
||
2023 Nov 3;59(11)
|
||
doi: 10.3390/medicina59111947.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38003996" target="_blank">38003996</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10672783" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30037532">Controversies in the management of vesicovaginal fistula.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Breen M,
|
||
Ingber M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol</span>
|
||
2019 Jan;54:61-72.
|
||
Epub 2018 Jun 28
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2018.06.005.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30037532" target="_blank">30037532</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28656520">State of the Art for Treatment of Vesicovaginal Fistula.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Moses RA,
|
||
Ann Gormley E</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Urol Rep</span>
|
||
2017 Aug;18(8):60.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s11934-017-0708-5.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28656520" target="_blank">28656520</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22vesicovaginal%20fistula%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (35)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34583358">Vesico-Vaginal Fistula Repair by a Vaginal Approach.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Colenbrander J,
|
||
Heesakkers J,
|
||
Martens F</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Urol Int</span>
|
||
2021;105(11-12):1113-1118.
|
||
Epub 2021 Sep 28
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000519369.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34583358" target="_blank">34583358</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28656520">State of the Art for Treatment of Vesicovaginal Fistula.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Moses RA,
|
||
Ann Gormley E</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Urol Rep</span>
|
||
2017 Aug;18(8):60.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s11934-017-0708-5.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28656520" target="_blank">28656520</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/18705264">Genito-urinary fistulae--an evaluation.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bhadra D,
|
||
Bhattacharjee D,
|
||
Mandal TK,
|
||
Sengupta P,
|
||
Pal A,
|
||
Hazra SK</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Indian Med Assoc</span>
|
||
2008 Jan;106(1):24, 26-7, 33.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/18705264" target="_blank">18705264</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12476535">Surgical repair of vesicovaginal fistulas.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Huang WC,
|
||
Zinman LN,
|
||
Bihrle W 3rd</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Urol Clin North Am</span>
|
||
2002 Aug;29(3):709-23.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/s0094-0143(02)00064-2.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12476535" target="_blank">12476535</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3043286">Vesicovaginal fistula revisited.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elkins TE,
|
||
Drescher C,
|
||
Martey JO,
|
||
Fort D</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Obstet Gynecol</span>
|
||
1988 Sep;72(3 Pt 1):307-12.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3043286" target="_blank">3043286</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Vesicovaginal%20fistula%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (596)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29406060">Female Voiding Dysfunction and Urinary Incontinence.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vo A,
|
||
Kielb SJ</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Med Clin North Am</span>
|
||
2018 Mar;102(2):313-324.
|
||
Epub 2017 Dec 20
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2017.10.006.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29406060" target="_blank">29406060</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28656520">State of the Art for Treatment of Vesicovaginal Fistula.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Moses RA,
|
||
Ann Gormley E</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Urol Rep</span>
|
||
2017 Aug;18(8):60.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s11934-017-0708-5.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28656520" target="_blank">28656520</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15638929">Vesico-vaginal fistula.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chapple C,
|
||
Turner-Warwick R</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BJU Int</span>
|
||
2005 Jan;95(1):193-214.
|
||
doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.04531.x.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/15638929" target="_blank">15638929</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12354351">Vesicovaginal fistula.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hadley HR</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Urol Rep</span>
|
||
2002 Oct;3(5):401-7.
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s11934-002-0085-5.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12354351" target="_blank">12354351</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1348701">Tuberculous vesico-vaginal fistula.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ba-Thike K,
|
||
Than-Aye,
|
||
Nan-Oo</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Gynaecol Obstet</span>
|
||
1992 Feb;37(2):127-30.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/0020-7292(92)90494-4.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1348701" target="_blank">1348701</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Vesicovaginal%20fistula%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (340)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34894992">Post-coital vesicovaginal fistula with prior consensual intercourse and after normal vaginal delivery.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Arya MC,
|
||
Gandhi A,
|
||
Singhal A,
|
||
Shyoran Y,
|
||
Sonwal M,
|
||
Singh R</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Obstet Gynaecol</span>
|
||
2022 Jul;42(5):1547-1548.
|
||
Epub 2021 Dec 13
|
||
doi: 10.1080/01443615.2021.1966760.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34894992" target="_blank">34894992</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30037532">Controversies in the management of vesicovaginal fistula.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Breen M,
|
||
Ingber M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol</span>
|
||
2019 Jan;54:61-72.
|
||
Epub 2018 Jun 28
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2018.06.005.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30037532" target="_blank">30037532</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29181523">Vesicovaginal Fistula.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Taylor RS,
|
||
Wasson M,
|
||
Ashurst JV</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Osteopath Assoc</span>
|
||
2017 Dec 1;117(12):789.
|
||
doi: 10.7556/jaoa.2017.154.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29181523" target="_blank">29181523</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2690255">Vesicovaginal fistulae.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Little NA,
|
||
Juma S,
|
||
Raz S</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Semin Urol</span>
|
||
1989 May;7(2):78-85.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2690255" target="_blank">2690255</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/88749">Transrenal ureteral embolization.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Günther R,
|
||
Marberger M,
|
||
Klose K</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Radiology</span>
|
||
1979 Aug;132(2):317-9.
|
||
doi: 10.1148/132.2.317.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/88749" target="_blank">88749</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Vesicovaginal%20fistula%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (539)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34583358">Vesico-Vaginal Fistula Repair by a Vaginal Approach.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Colenbrander J,
|
||
Heesakkers J,
|
||
Martens F</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Urol Int</span>
|
||
2021;105(11-12):1113-1118.
|
||
Epub 2021 Sep 28
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000519369.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34583358" target="_blank">34583358</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32774599">Nigeria, a high burden state of obstetric fistula: a contextual analysis of key drivers.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bello OO,
|
||
Morhason-Bello IO,
|
||
Ojengbede OA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pan Afr Med J</span>
|
||
2020;36:22.
|
||
Epub 2020 May 18
|
||
doi: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.22.22204.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32774599" target="_blank">32774599</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7388624" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/18705264">Genito-urinary fistulae--an evaluation.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bhadra D,
|
||
Bhattacharjee D,
|
||
Mandal TK,
|
||
Sengupta P,
|
||
Pal A,
|
||
Hazra SK</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Indian Med Assoc</span>
|
||
2008 Jan;106(1):24, 26-7, 33.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/18705264" target="_blank">18705264</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16034313">The obstetric vesicovaginal fistula in the developing world.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wall LL,
|
||
Arrowsmith SD,
|
||
Briggs ND,
|
||
Browning A,
|
||
Lassey A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Obstet Gynecol Surv</span>
|
||
2005 Jul;60(7 Suppl 1):S3-S51.
|
||
doi: 10.1097/00006254-200507001-00002.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16034313" target="_blank">16034313</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3043286">Vesicovaginal fistula revisited.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elkins TE,
|
||
Drescher C,
|
||
Martey JO,
|
||
Fort D</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Obstet Gynecol</span>
|
||
1988 Sep;72(3 Pt 1):307-12.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3043286" target="_blank">3043286</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Vesicovaginal%20fistula%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (286)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34583358">Vesico-Vaginal Fistula Repair by a Vaginal Approach.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Colenbrander J,
|
||
Heesakkers J,
|
||
Martens F</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Urol Int</span>
|
||
2021;105(11-12):1113-1118.
|
||
Epub 2021 Sep 28
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000519369.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34583358" target="_blank">34583358</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25105561">Management of genitourinary fistula.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mellano EM,
|
||
Tarnay CM</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol</span>
|
||
2014 Oct;26(5):415-23.
|
||
doi: 10.1097/GCO.0000000000000095.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25105561" target="_blank">25105561</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20642941">Iatrogenic vesicovaginal fistula.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Raashid Y,
|
||
Tmajeed T,
|
||
Majeed N,
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Shahzad N</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Coll Physicians Surg Pak</span>
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2010 Jul;20(7):436-8.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20642941" target="_blank">20642941</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10172378">Bladder injuries during total laparoscopic hysterectomy: diagnosis, management, and prevention.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chapron C,
|
||
Dubuisson JB,
|
||
Ansquer Y,
|
||
Gregorakis SS,
|
||
Morice P,
|
||
Zerbib M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Gynecol Surg</span>
|
||
1995 Summer;11(2):95-8.
|
||
doi: 10.1089/gyn.1995.11.95.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10172378" target="_blank">10172378</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/4076274">Spontaneous healing of uretero-vesico-vaginal fistulas.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Alonso Gorrea M,
|
||
Fernandez Zuazu J,
|
||
Mompo Sanchis JA,
|
||
Jimènez-Cruz JF</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Urol</span>
|
||
1985;11(5):341-3.
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000472532.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/4076274" target="_blank">4076274</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Vesicovaginal%20fistula%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (184)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38033311">Repair of Vesicovaginal Fistulae: A Systematic Review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Thompson JC,
|
||
Halder GE,
|
||
Jeppson PC,
|
||
Alas A,
|
||
Balgobin S,
|
||
Dieter AA,
|
||
Houlihan S,
|
||
Miranne J,
|
||
Sleemi A,
|
||
Balk EM,
|
||
Mama S,
|
||
Meriwether KV,
|
||
Antosh DD</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Obstet Gynecol</span>
|
||
2024 Feb 1;143(2):229-241.
|
||
Epub 2023 Nov 30
|
||
doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000005468.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38033311" target="_blank">38033311</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34981462">Vesico-Vaginal Fistula in Females in 2010-2020: a Systemic Review and Meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shrestha DB,
|
||
Budhathoki P,
|
||
Karki P,
|
||
Jha P,
|
||
Mainali G,
|
||
Dangal G,
|
||
Baral G,
|
||
Shrestha M,
|
||
Gyawali P</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Reprod Sci</span>
|
||
2022 Dec;29(12):3346-3364.
|
||
Epub 2022 Jan 3
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s43032-021-00832-8.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34981462" target="_blank">34981462</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28743109">Robot-Assisted Vesico-Vaginal Fistula Repair: Our Technique and Review of the Literature.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Matei DV,
|
||
Zanagnolo V,
|
||
Vartolomei MD,
|
||
Crisan N,
|
||
Ferro M,
|
||
Bocciolone L,
|
||
Maggioni A,
|
||
Coman I,
|
||
de Cobelli O</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Urol Int</span>
|
||
2017;99(2):137-142.
|
||
Epub 2017 Jul 26
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000475887.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28743109" target="_blank">28743109</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25764976">Laparoscopic and Robotic-assisted Vesicovaginal Fistula Repair: A Systematic Review of the Literature.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Miklos JR,
|
||
Moore RD,
|
||
Chinthakanan O</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Minim Invasive Gynecol</span>
|
||
2015 Jul-Aug;22(5):727-36.
|
||
Epub 2015 Mar 10
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2015.03.001.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25764976" target="_blank">25764976</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24373152">Estimating the prevalence of obstetric fistula: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Adler AJ,
|
||
Ronsmans C,
|
||
Calvert C,
|
||
Filippi V</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMC Pregnancy Childbirth</span>
|
||
2013 Dec 30;13:246.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-13-246.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24373152" target="_blank">24373152</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3937166" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Vesicovaginal%20fistula%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (22)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
|
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<div class=" bottom">
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|
||
|
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|
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|
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<div class="supplemental col three_col last">
|
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
|
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|
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Vesicovaginal%20fistula" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Practice_guidelines">Practice guidelines</h1><a sid="121" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22vesicovaginal%20fistula%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Vesicovaginal%20fistula%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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