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<meta name="keywords" content="C0043202, accessory atrioventricular pathways, anomalous a-v excitation, anomalous atrioventricular excitation, anomalous ventricular excitation syndrome, auriculoventricular accessory pathway syndrome, disease or syndrome, false bundle branch block syndrome, false bundle-branch block syndrome, non rare in europe: wolff-parkinson-white syndrome, preexcitation syndrome, prkag2, syndrome, wolf-parkinson-white, syndrome, wolff-parkinson-white, syndrome, wpw, ventricular familial preexcitation syndrome, ventricular pre-excitation with arrhythmia, ventricular preexcitation, wolff-parkinson-white, wolf parkinson white syndrome, wolf-parkinson-white syndrome, wolff parkinson white syndrome, wolff-parkinson-white arrhythmia, wolff-parkinson-white pattern, wolff-parkinson-white pattern (finding), wolff-parkinson-white syndrome, wolff-parkinson-white syndrome (disease), wolff-parkinson-white ventricular preexcitation, wpw, wpw - wolff-parkinson-white pattern, wpw - wolff-parkinson-white syndrome, wpw syndrome, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a condition characterized by abnormal electrical pathways in the heart that cause a disruption of the heart's normal rhythm (arrhythmia).\n\nThe heartbeat is controlled by electrical signals that move through the heart in a highly coordinated way. A specialized cluster of cells called the atrioventricular node conducts electrical impulses from the heart's upper chambers (the atria) to the lower chambers (the ventricles). Impulses move through the atrioventricular node during each heartbeat, stimulating the ventricles to contract slightly later than the atria.\n\nPeople with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome are born with an extra connection in the heart, called an accessory pathway, that allows electrical signals to bypass the atrioventricular node and move from the atria to the ventricles faster than usual. The accessory pathway may also transmit electrical impulses abnormally from the ventricles back to the atria. This extra connection can disrupt the coordinated movement of electrical signals through the heart, leading to an abnormally fast heartbeat (tachycardia) and other changes in heart rhythm. Resulting symptoms include dizziness, a sensation of fluttering or pounding in the chest (palpitations), shortness of breath, and fainting (syncope). In rare cases, arrhythmias associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can lead to cardiac arrest and sudden death. The most common arrhythmia associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is called paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.\n\nComplications of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can occur at any age, although some individuals born with an accessory pathway in the heart never experience any health problems associated with the condition.\n\nWolff-Parkinson-White syndrome often occurs with other structural abnormalities of the heart or underlying heart disease. The most common heart defect associated with the condition is Ebstein anomaly, which affects the valve that allows blood to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle (the tricuspid valve). Additionally, the heart rhythm problems associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can be a component of several other genetic syndromes, including hypokalemic periodic paralysis (a condition that causes episodes of extreme muscle weakness), Pompe disease (a disorder characterized by the storage of excess glycogen), Danon disease (a condition that weakens the heart and skeletal muscles and causes intellectual disability), and tuberous sclerosis complex (a condition that results in the growth of noncancerous tumors in many parts of the body)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=12162
ConceptID=C0043202
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern<span class="h1sub">(WPW)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>12162</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0043202</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>Anomalous ventricular excitation syndrome; Auriculoventricular accessory pathway syndrome; False bundle branch block syndrome; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome; WPW SYNDROME</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Ventricular pre-excitation with arrhythmia (74390002); Wolff Parkinson White syndrome (74390002); Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern (74390002); WPW - Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern (74390002); WPW - Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (74390002)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="PRKAG2 - ID: 51422 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/51422" class="medgenPMinfo">PRKAG2</a> (7q36.1)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001716">HP:0001716</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008685" target="_blank">MONDO:0008685</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/194200" target="_blank">194200</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&amp;Expert=907">ORPHA907</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a condition characterized by abnormal electrical pathways in the heart that cause a disruption of the heart's normal rhythm (arrhythmia).<br /><br />The heartbeat is controlled by electrical signals that move through the heart in a highly coordinated way. A specialized cluster of cells called the atrioventricular node conducts electrical impulses from the heart's upper chambers (the atria) to the lower chambers (the ventricles). Impulses move through the atrioventricular node during each heartbeat, stimulating the ventricles to contract slightly later than the atria.<br /><br />People with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome are born with an extra connection in the heart, called an accessory pathway, that allows electrical signals to bypass the atrioventricular node and move from the atria to the ventricles faster than usual. The accessory pathway may also transmit electrical impulses abnormally from the ventricles back to the atria. This extra connection can disrupt the coordinated movement of electrical signals through the heart, leading to an abnormally fast heartbeat (tachycardia) and other changes in heart rhythm. Resulting symptoms include dizziness, a sensation of fluttering or pounding in the chest (palpitations), shortness of breath, and fainting (syncope). In rare cases, arrhythmias associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can lead to cardiac arrest and sudden death. The most common arrhythmia associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is called paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.<br /><br />Complications of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can occur at any age, although some individuals born with an accessory pathway in the heart never experience any health problems associated with the condition.<br /><br />Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome often occurs with other structural abnormalities of the heart or underlying heart disease. The most common heart defect associated with the condition is Ebstein anomaly, which affects the valve that allows blood to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle (the tricuspid valve). Additionally, the heart rhythm problems associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can be a component of several other genetic syndromes, including hypokalemic periodic paralysis (a condition that causes episodes of extreme muscle weakness), Pompe disease (a disorder characterized by the storage of excess glycogen), Danon disease (a condition that weakens the heart and skeletal muscles and causes intellectual disability), and tuberous sclerosis complex (a condition that results in the growth of noncancerous tumors in many parts of the body). [from <a title="MedlinePlus Genetics" href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/" class="defSource" target="_blank">MedlinePlus Genetics</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_38841"><div><strong>Sudden cardiac death</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>38841</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0085298</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating resulting in death within a short time period (generally within 1 h of symptom onset).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/38841">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Sudden%20cardiac%20death%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2038841%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_13955"><div><strong>Atrial flutter</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>13955</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0004239</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of atrial arrhythmia characterized by atrial rates of between 240 and 400 beats per minute and some degree of atrioventricular node conduction block. Typically, the ventricular rate is half the atrial rate. In the EKG; atrial flutter waves are observed as sawtooth-like atrial activity. Pathophysiologically, atrial flutter is a form of atrial reentry in which there is a premature electrical impulse creates a self-propagating circuit.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/13955">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Atrial%20flutter%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2013955%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_14579"><div><strong>Palpitations</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>14579</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0030252</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A sensation that the heart is pounding or racing, which is a non-specific sign but may be a manifestation of arrhythmia.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/14579">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Palpitations%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2014579%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_21443"><div><strong>Syncope</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>21443</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0039070</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Syncope is a syndrome in which loss of consciousness is of relatively sudden onset, temporary (usually less than 1 to 2 minutes), self-terminating, and of usually rapid recovery. Syncope leads to a generalized weakness of muscles with loss of postural tone, inability to stand upright, and loss of consciousness. Once the patient is in a horizontal position, blood flow to the brain is no longer hindered by gravitation and consciousness is regained. Unconsciousness usually lasts for seconds to minutes. Headache and drowsiness (which usually follow seizures) do not follow a syncopal attack. Syncope results from a sudden impairment of brain metabolism usually due to a reduction in cerebral blood flow.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/21443">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Syncope%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2021443%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_12162"><div><strong>Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>12162</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0043202</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a condition characterized by abnormal electrical pathways in the heart that cause a disruption of the heart's normal rhythm (arrhythmia).\n\nThe heartbeat is controlled by electrical signals that move through the heart in a highly coordinated way. A specialized cluster of cells called the atrioventricular node conducts electrical impulses from the heart's upper chambers (the atria) to the lower chambers (the ventricles). Impulses move through the atrioventricular node during each heartbeat, stimulating the ventricles to contract slightly later than the atria.\n\nPeople with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome are born with an extra connection in the heart, called an accessory pathway, that allows electrical signals to bypass the atrioventricular node and move from the atria to the ventricles faster than usual. The accessory pathway may also transmit electrical impulses abnormally from the ventricles back to the atria. This extra connection can disrupt the coordinated movement of electrical signals through the heart, leading to an abnormally fast heartbeat (tachycardia) and other changes in heart rhythm. Resulting symptoms include dizziness, a sensation of fluttering or pounding in the chest (palpitations), shortness of breath, and fainting (syncope). In rare cases, arrhythmias associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can lead to cardiac arrest and sudden death. The most common arrhythmia associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is called paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.\n\nComplications of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can occur at any age, although some individuals born with an accessory pathway in the heart never experience any health problems associated with the condition.\n\nWolff-Parkinson-White syndrome often occurs with other structural abnormalities of the heart or underlying heart disease. The most common heart defect associated with the condition is Ebstein anomaly, which affects the valve that allows blood to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle (the tricuspid valve). Additionally, the heart rhythm problems associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can be a component of several other genetic syndromes, including hypokalemic periodic paralysis (a condition that causes episodes of extreme muscle weakness), Pompe disease (a disorder characterized by the storage of excess glycogen), Danon disease (a condition that weakens the heart and skeletal muscles and causes intellectual disability), and tuberous sclerosis complex (a condition that results in the growth of noncancerous tumors in many parts of the body).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/12162">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Wolff-Parkinson-White%20pattern%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2012162%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_489828"><div><strong>Prolonged QRS complex</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>489828</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0235475</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased time for the complex comprised of the Q wave, R wave, and S wave as measured by the electrocardiogram (EKG).. In adults, normal values are 0.06 - 0.10 sec.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/489828">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Prolonged%20QRS%20complex%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20489828%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_115990"><div><strong>Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>115990</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0235480</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Episodes of atrial fibrillation that typically last for several hours up to one day and terminate spontaneously.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/115990">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Paroxysmal%20atrial%20fibrillation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20115990%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_105466"><div><strong>Shortened PR interval</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>105466</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0520878</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced time for the PR interval (beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex). In adults, normal values are 120 to 200 ms long.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/105466">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Shortened%20PR%20interval%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20105466%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_107848"><div><strong>Ventricular preexcitation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>107848</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0559106</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormality in which the cardiac ventricles depolarize too early as a result of an abnormality of cardiac conduction pathways such as an accessory pathway.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/107848">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ventricular%20preexcitation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20107848%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_870556"><div><strong>Ventricular preexcitation with multiple accessory pathways</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>870556</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4025004</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A form of ventricular preexcitation due to the presence of multiple accessory pathways for cardiac conduction.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/870556">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ventricular%20preexcitation%20with%20multiple%20accessory%20pathways%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20870556%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_13955" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Atrial flutter</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_14579" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Palpitations</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_115990" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_489828" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Prolonged QRS complex</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_105466" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Shortened PR interval</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_21443" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Syncope</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_107848" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ventricular preexcitation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_870556" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ventricular preexcitation with multiple accessory pathways</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_12162" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Constitutional symptom</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_38841" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sudden cardiac death</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0043202[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=12162">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=12162" target="_blank" href="/omim/194200">O</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=12162" ref="ncbi_uid=12162">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/4347" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disease">Disease</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/232130" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder by Site">Disorder by Site</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/2848" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder of cardiovascular system">Disorder of cardiovascular system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/116727" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the cardiovascular system">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/892473" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal cardiovascular system morphology">Abnormal cardiovascular system morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/6748" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal heart morphology">Abnormal heart morphology</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_5340"><div><strong>Glycogen storage disease, type II</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>5340</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0017921</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Pompe disease is classified by age of onset, organ involvement, severity, and rate of progression. Infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD; individuals with onset before age 12 months with cardiomyopathy) may be apparent in utero but more typically onset is at the median age of four months with hypotonia, generalized muscle weakness, feeding difficulties, failure to thrive, respiratory distress, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Without treatment by enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), IOPD commonly results in death by age two years from progressive left ventricular outflow obstruction and respiratory insufficiency. Late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD; including: (a) individuals with onset before age 12 months without cardiomyopathy; and (b) all individuals with onset after age 12 months) is characterized by proximal muscle weakness and respiratory insufficiency; clinically significant cardiac involvement is uncommon.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/5340">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_12162"><div><strong>Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>12162</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0043202</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a condition characterized by abnormal electrical pathways in the heart that cause a disruption of the heart's normal rhythm (arrhythmia).\n\nThe heartbeat is controlled by electrical signals that move through the heart in a highly coordinated way. A specialized cluster of cells called the atrioventricular node conducts electrical impulses from the heart's upper chambers (the atria) to the lower chambers (the ventricles). Impulses move through the atrioventricular node during each heartbeat, stimulating the ventricles to contract slightly later than the atria.\n\nPeople with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome are born with an extra connection in the heart, called an accessory pathway, that allows electrical signals to bypass the atrioventricular node and move from the atria to the ventricles faster than usual. The accessory pathway may also transmit electrical impulses abnormally from the ventricles back to the atria. This extra connection can disrupt the coordinated movement of electrical signals through the heart, leading to an abnormally fast heartbeat (tachycardia) and other changes in heart rhythm. Resulting symptoms include dizziness, a sensation of fluttering or pounding in the chest (palpitations), shortness of breath, and fainting (syncope). In rare cases, arrhythmias associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can lead to cardiac arrest and sudden death. The most common arrhythmia associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is called paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.\n\nComplications of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can occur at any age, although some individuals born with an accessory pathway in the heart never experience any health problems associated with the condition.\n\nWolff-Parkinson-White syndrome often occurs with other structural abnormalities of the heart or underlying heart disease. The most common heart defect associated with the condition is Ebstein anomaly, which affects the valve that allows blood to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle (the tricuspid valve). Additionally, the heart rhythm problems associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can be a component of several other genetic syndromes, including hypokalemic periodic paralysis (a condition that causes episodes of extreme muscle weakness), Pompe disease (a disorder characterized by the storage of excess glycogen), Danon disease (a condition that weakens the heart and skeletal muscles and causes intellectual disability), and tuberous sclerosis complex (a condition that results in the growth of noncancerous tumors in many parts of the body).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/12162">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_56485"><div><strong>MELAS syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>56485</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0162671</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes) is a multisystem disorder with protean manifestations. The vast majority of affected individuals develop signs and symptoms of MELAS between ages two and 40 years. Common clinical manifestations include stroke-like episodes, encephalopathy with seizures and/or dementia, muscle weakness and exercise intolerance, normal early psychomotor development, recurrent headaches, recurrent vomiting, hearing impairment, peripheral neuropathy, learning disability, and short stature. During the stroke-like episodes neuroimaging shows increased T2-weighted signal areas that do not correspond to the classic vascular distribution (hence the term "stroke-like"). Lactic acidemia is very common and muscle biopsies typically show ragged red fibers.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/56485">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_209235"><div><strong>Danon disease</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>209235</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0878677</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Danon disease is a multisystem condition with predominant involvement of the heart, skeletal muscles, and retina, with overlying cognitive dysfunction. Males are typically more severely affected than females. Males usually present with childhood onset concentric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that is progressive and often requires heart transplantation. Rarely, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can evolve to resemble dilated cardiomyopathy. Most affected males also have cardiac conduction abnormalities. Skeletal muscle weakness may lead to delayed acquisition of motor milestones. Learning disability and intellectual disability, most often in the mild range, are common. Additionally, affected males can develop retinopathy with subsequent visual impairment. The clinical features in females are broader and more variable. Females are more likely to have dilated cardiomyopathy, with a smaller proportion requiring heart transplantation compared to affected males. Cardiac conduction abnormalities, skeletal muscle weakness, mild cognitive impairment, and pigmentary retinopathy are variably seen in affected females.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/209235">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_318633"><div><strong>Cerebellar ataxia-areflexia-pes cavus-optic atrophy-sensorineural hearing loss syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>318633</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1832466</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">ATP1A3-related disorder consists of heterogenous overlapping clinical findings that pertain to the four most common historically defined phenotypes: alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC); cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy, sensorineural hearing loss (CAPOS) syndrome; relapsing encephalopathy with cerebellar ataxia (RECA) / fever-induced paroxysmal weakness and encephalopathy (FIPWE); and rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP). These phenotypes exist on a spectrum and should be regarded as classifications of convenience. AHC is characterized by onset prior to age 18 months of paroxysmal hemiplegic episodes, predominately involving the limbs and/or the whole body, lasting from minutes to hours to days (and sometimes weeks) with remission only during sleep, only to resume after awakening. Although paroxysmal episodic neurologic dysfunction predominates early in the disease course, with age increasingly persistent neurologic dysfunction predominates, including oculomotor apraxia and strabismus, dysarthria, speech and language delay, developmental delay, and impairment in social skills. Other system involvement may include cardiovascular (cardiac conduction abnormalities) and gastrointestinal (constipation, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain) manifestations. CAPOS syndrome presents in infancy or childhood (usually ages 6 months to 5 years) with cerebellar ataxia during or after a fever. The acute febrile encephalopathy may include hypotonia, flaccidity, nystagmus, strabismus, dysarthria/anarthria, lethargy, loss of consciousness, and even coma. Usually, considerable recovery occurs within days to weeks; however, persistence of some degree of ataxia and other manifestations is typical. RECA/FIPWE primarily presents with fever-induced episodes (infancy to age 5 years); however, first episodes can occur occasionally in young adults during illnesses such as mononucleosis. Recurrent fever-induced episodes may be ataxia-dominated RECA-like motor manifestations or FIPWE-like non-motor manifestations (encephalopathy) and can vary among affected individuals. Notably, RECA-like and FIPWE-like manifestations can occur in the same individual in different episodes. In some individuals episodes seem to decrease in frequency and severity over time, whereas others might experience worsening of manifestations. RDP presents in individuals ages 18 months to 60 years and older with dystonia that is typically of abrupt onset over hours to several weeks, though some individuals report gradual onset over the course of months. A stress-related trigger is identifiable in up to 75% of individuals. Dystonia rarely improves significantly after onset; some individuals report mild improvement over time, whereas others can experience subsequent episodes of abrupt worsening months to years after onset. Limbs are usually the first to be affected, although by the time of diagnosis – typically many years after onset – individuals most commonly display a bulbar-predominant generalized dystonia. Exceptions are common and a rostrocaudal gradient is rare rather than typical. Migraines and seizures are also observed.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/318633">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_331466"><div><strong>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 6</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>331466</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1833236</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Mutations in the PRKAG2 gene (602743) give rise to a moderate, essentially heart-specific, nonlysosomal glycogenosis with clinical onset typically in late adolescence or in the third decade of life, ventricular pre-excitation predisposing to supraventricular arrhythmias, mild to severe cardiac hypertrophy, enhanced risk of sudden cardiac death in midlife, and autosomal dominant inheritance with full penetrance (summary by Burwinkel et al., 2005).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/331466">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_344288"><div><strong>Tuberous sclerosis 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>344288</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1854465</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) involves abnormalities of the skin (hypomelanotic macules, confetti skin lesions, facial angiofibromas, shagreen patches, fibrous cephalic plaques, ungual fibromas); brain (subependymal nodules, cortical tubers, and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas [SEGAs], seizures, TSC-associated neuropsychiatric disorder [TAND]); kidneys (benign renal angiomyolipomas, epithelial cysts, oncocytoma, renal cell carcinoma); heart (rhabdomyomas, arrhythmias); and lungs (lymphangioleiomyomatosis [LAM], multifocal micronodular pneumonocyte hyperplasia). Central nervous system-related problems (including TAND) are the leading cause of morbidity, whereas kidney disease is the leading cause of mortality.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/344288">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_348170"><div><strong>Tuberous sclerosis 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>348170</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1860707</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) involves abnormalities of the skin (hypomelanotic macules, confetti skin lesions, facial angiofibromas, shagreen patches, fibrous cephalic plaques, ungual fibromas); brain (subependymal nodules, cortical tubers, and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas [SEGAs], seizures, TSC-associated neuropsychiatric disorder [TAND]); kidneys (benign renal angiomyolipomas, epithelial cysts, oncocytoma, renal cell carcinoma); heart (rhabdomyomas, arrhythmias); and lungs (lymphangioleiomyomatosis [LAM], multifocal micronodular pneumonocyte hyperplasia). Central nervous system-related problems (including TAND) are the leading cause of morbidity, whereas kidney disease is the leading cause of mortality.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/348170">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_348695"><div><strong>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 7</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>348695</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1860752</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a heart condition characterized by thickening (hypertrophy) of the heart (cardiac) muscle. When multiple members of a family have the condition, it is known as familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy also occurs in people with no family history; these cases are considered nonfamilial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. \n\nIn familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiac thickening usually occurs in the interventricular septum, which is the muscular wall that separates the lower left chamber of the heart (the left ventricle) from the lower right chamber (the right ventricle). In some people, thickening of the interventricular septum impedes the flow of oxygen-rich blood from the heart, which may lead to an abnormal heart sound during a heartbeat (heart murmur) and other signs and symptoms of the condition. Other affected individuals do not have physical obstruction of blood flow, but the pumping of blood is less efficient, which can also lead to symptoms of the condition. Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy often begins in adolescence or young adulthood, although it can develop at any time throughout life.\n\nNonfamilial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy tends to be milder. This form typically begins later in life than familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and affected individuals have a lower risk of serious cardiac events and sudden death than people with the familial form.\n\nThe symptoms of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are variable, even within the same family. Many affected individuals have no symptoms. Other people with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may experience chest pain; shortness of breath, especially with physical exertion; a sensation of fluttering or pounding in the chest (palpitations); lightheadedness; dizziness; and fainting.\n\nWhile most people with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are symptom-free or have only mild symptoms, this condition can have serious consequences. It can cause abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) that may be life threatening. People with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have an increased risk of sudden death, even if they have no other symptoms of the condition. A small number of affected individuals develop potentially fatal heart failure, which may require heart transplantation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/348695">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_895360"><div><strong>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 25</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>895360</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4225408</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Any hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TCAP gene.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/895360">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1646555"><div><strong>Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 15</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1646555</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4706313</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A rare mitochondrial disease due to a defect in mitochondrial protein synthesis with onset in infancy or early childhood of muscular hypotonia, gait ataxia, mild bilateral pyramidal tract signs, developmental delay (affecting mostly speech and coordination) and subsequent intellectual disability. Short stature, obesity, microcephaly, strabismus, nystagmus, reduced visual acuity, lactic acidosis, and a brain neuropathology consistent with Leigh syndrome are also reported. Caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the MTFMT gene on chromosome 15q22.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1646555">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1648356"><div><strong>Mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 11</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1648356</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4748769</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1648356">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1682102"><div><strong>Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 38</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1682102</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5193064</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1682102">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1794212"><div><strong>Muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal recessive 27</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1794212</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5562002</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy-27 (LGMDR27) is characterized by progressive muscle weakness primarily affecting the lower limbs and resulting in walking difficulty or loss of ambulation. The age at onset is highly variable, from infancy to young adulthood. Patients with infantile onset may have a more severe disease course with rapid progression. Upper limb involvement and distal muscle weakness may also occur. Additional more variable features include neck muscle weakness, scoliosis, and joint contractures. Less common features include impaired intellectual development or speech delay, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac arrhythmia. Muscle biopsy shows nonspecific dystrophic changes (Coppens et al., 2021).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, see LGMDR1 (253600).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1794212">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1794324"><div><strong>Chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome, proximal</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1794324</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5562114</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Proximal 1p36 deletion syndrome is a multisystem developmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay with impaired intellectual development, poor overall growth with microcephaly, axial hypotonia, and dysmorphic facial features. Most patients have congenital cardiac malformations or cardiac dysfunction. Additional more variable features may include distal skeletal anomalies, seizures, and cleft palate. The phenotype shows some overlap with distal chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome (summary by Kang et al., 2007).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1794324">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1804175"><div><strong>Immunodeficiency 93 and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1804175</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5676899</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Immunodeficiency-93 and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (IMD93) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by onset of recurrent viral and bacterial infections, particularly with encapsulated bacteria, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the first months or years of life. Immunologic workup typically shows decreased circulating B cells and hypo- or agammaglobulinemia, sometimes with neutropenia or T-cell lymphocytosis, although laboratory findings may be variable among patients. Ig replacement therapy is beneficial. Cardiac involvement can also include atrial septal defect, valvular insufficiency, and pre-excitation syndrome. Rare myopathic or neurologic involvement has been reported, but these features are not consistently part of the disorder and may be related to other genetic defects (summary by Niehues et al., 2020 and Saettini et al., 2021).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1804175">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_318633" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cerebellar ataxia-areflexia-pes cavus-optic atrophy-sensorineural hearing loss syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1794324" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome, proximal</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1646555" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 15</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1682102" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 38</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_209235" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Danon disease</a></div><div class="jig-moreless" data-jigconfig="class: 'moveDown', moreText: 'See full list (16)', lessText: 'Show less', nodeBefore: 0"><span id="clinMore">
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_5340" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Glycogen storage disease, type II</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_895360" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 25</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_331466" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 6</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_348695" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 7</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1804175" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Immunodeficiency 93 and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_56485" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">MELAS syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1648356" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 11</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1794212" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal recessive 27</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_344288" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Tuberous sclerosis 1</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_348170" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Tuberous sclerosis 2</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_12162" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern</a></div></span></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31235382">Management of Asymptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White Pattern by Pediatric Electrophysiologists.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chubb H,
Campbell RM,
Motonaga KS,
Ceresnak SR,
Dubin AM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr</span>
2019 Oct;213:88-95.e1.
Epub 2019 Jun 22
doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.05.058.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31235382" target="_blank">31235382</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31069431">Management of Asymptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White Pattern in Young Patients: Has Anything Changed?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Raposo D,
António N,
Andrade H,
Sousa P,
Pires A,
Gonçalves L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Cardiol</span>
2019 Jun;40(5):892-900.
Epub 2019 May 8
doi: 10.1007/s00246-019-02110-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31069431" target="_blank">31069431</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29087878">Comparison of Three Criteria for Interpretation of Electrocardiogram in the Military.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dores H,
Dinis P,
Fernandes R,
Barra S,
Ferreira S,
Silveira MC,
Rocha E,
Cardoso J,
Monge J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mil Med</span>
2017 Nov;182(11):e2041-e2045.
doi: 10.7205/MILMED-D-16-00443.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29087878" target="_blank">29087878</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22wolff-parkinson-white%20pattern%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (5)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31069431">Management of Asymptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White Pattern in Young Patients: Has Anything Changed?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Raposo D,
António N,
Andrade H,
Sousa P,
Pires A,
Gonçalves L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Cardiol</span>
2019 Jun;40(5):892-900.
Epub 2019 May 8
doi: 10.1007/s00246-019-02110-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31069431" target="_blank">31069431</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28108086">Long term risk of Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern and syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kim SS,
Knight BP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Trends Cardiovasc Med</span>
2017 May;27(4):260-268.
Epub 2016 Dec 5
doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2016.12.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28108086" target="_blank">28108086</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28084962">Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: lessons learnt and lessons remaining.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Benson DW,
Cohen MI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Young</span>
2017 Jan;27(S1):S62-S67.
doi: 10.1017/S1047951116002250.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28084962" target="_blank">28084962</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26304516">Electrophysiology testing and catheter ablation are helpful when evaluating asymptomatic patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern: the con perspective.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Skanes AC,
Obeyesekere M,
Klein GJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Card Electrophysiol Clin</span>
2015 Sep;7(3):377-83.
Epub 2015 Jul 7
doi: 10.1016/j.ccep.2015.05.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26304516" target="_blank">26304516</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26304515">Electrophysiology testing and catheter ablation are helpful when evaluating asymptomatic patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern: the pro perspective.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pappone C,
Santinelli V</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Card Electrophysiol Clin</span>
2015 Sep;7(3):371-6.
Epub 2015 Jul 10
doi: 10.1016/j.ccep.2015.05.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26304515" target="_blank">26304515</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wolff-Parkinson-White%20pattern%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (38)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37459000">Progression of Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern 12-lead electrocardiogram changes in an asymptomatic athlete.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sim HSS,
Imran SS,
Teoh CS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Singapore Med J</span>
2023 Jul;64(7):449-453.
doi: 10.4103/singaporemedj.SMJ-2021-151.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37459000" target="_blank">37459000</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10395805" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33684615">Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern on alternate beats: What is the mechanism?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Carbone V,
Ferrara F,
Cassese A,
Carbone G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Electrocardiol</span>
2021 May-Jun;66:12-15.
Epub 2021 Feb 24
doi: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2021.02.008.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33684615" target="_blank">33684615</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28108086">Long term risk of Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern and syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kim SS,
Knight BP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Trends Cardiovasc Med</span>
2017 May;27(4):260-268.
Epub 2016 Dec 5
doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2016.12.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28108086" target="_blank">28108086</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26304515">Electrophysiology testing and catheter ablation are helpful when evaluating asymptomatic patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern: the pro perspective.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pappone C,
Santinelli V</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Card Electrophysiol Clin</span>
2015 Sep;7(3):371-6.
Epub 2015 Jul 10
doi: 10.1016/j.ccep.2015.05.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26304515" target="_blank">26304515</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/6912240">Alternating Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chia BL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Heart Lung</span>
1981 Sep-Oct;10(5):883-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/6912240" target="_blank">6912240</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wolff-Parkinson-White%20pattern%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (43)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37465966">The Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern in neonates: results from a large population-based cohort study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pærregaard MM,
Hartmann J,
Sillesen AS,
Pihl C,
Dannesbo S,
Kock TO,
Pietersen A,
Raja AA,
Iversen KK,
Bundgaard H,
Christensen AH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Europace</span>
2023 Jul 4;25(7)
doi: 10.1093/europace/euad165.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37465966" target="_blank">37465966</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10354624" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30070198">Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome presenting with steroid-induced bradycardia in a patient with acute rheumatic fever.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Orgun A,
Gursu HA,
Cetin II</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Young</span>
2018 Nov;28(11):1375-1377.
Epub 2018 Aug 2
doi: 10.1017/S1047951118001336.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30070198" target="_blank">30070198</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30004382">Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern unmasked by severe musculoskeletal pain.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Raj R,
Shaikh N,
O'Neill L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cleve Clin J Med</span>
2018 Jul;85(7):507-509.
doi: 10.3949/ccjm.85a.17131.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30004382" target="_blank">30004382</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28084962">Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: lessons learnt and lessons remaining.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Benson DW,
Cohen MI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Young</span>
2017 Jan;27(S1):S62-S67.
doi: 10.1017/S1047951116002250.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28084962" target="_blank">28084962</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26304516">Electrophysiology testing and catheter ablation are helpful when evaluating asymptomatic patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern: the con perspective.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Skanes AC,
Obeyesekere M,
Klein GJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Card Electrophysiol Clin</span>
2015 Sep;7(3):377-83.
Epub 2015 Jul 7
doi: 10.1016/j.ccep.2015.05.002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26304516" target="_blank">26304516</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wolff-Parkinson-White%20pattern%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (16)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37465966">The Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern in neonates: results from a large population-based cohort study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pærregaard MM,
Hartmann J,
Sillesen AS,
Pihl C,
Dannesbo S,
Kock TO,
Pietersen A,
Raja AA,
Iversen KK,
Bundgaard H,
Christensen AH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Europace</span>
2023 Jul 4;25(7)
doi: 10.1093/europace/euad165.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37465966" target="_blank">37465966</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10354624" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31069431">Management of Asymptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White Pattern in Young Patients: Has Anything Changed?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Raposo D,
António N,
Andrade H,
Sousa P,
Pires A,
Gonçalves L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Cardiol</span>
2019 Jun;40(5):892-900.
Epub 2019 May 8
doi: 10.1007/s00246-019-02110-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31069431" target="_blank">31069431</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30070198">Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome presenting with steroid-induced bradycardia in a patient with acute rheumatic fever.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Orgun A,
Gursu HA,
Cetin II</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Young</span>
2018 Nov;28(11):1375-1377.
Epub 2018 Aug 2
doi: 10.1017/S1047951118001336.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30070198" target="_blank">30070198</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28108086">Long term risk of Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern and syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kim SS,
Knight BP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Trends Cardiovasc Med</span>
2017 May;27(4):260-268.
Epub 2016 Dec 5
doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2016.12.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28108086" target="_blank">28108086</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28084962">Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: lessons learnt and lessons remaining.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Benson DW,
Cohen MI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Young</span>
2017 Jan;27(S1):S62-S67.
doi: 10.1017/S1047951116002250.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28084962" target="_blank">28084962</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wolff-Parkinson-White%20pattern%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (22)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37465966">The Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern in neonates: results from a large population-based cohort study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pærregaard MM,
Hartmann J,
Sillesen AS,
Pihl C,
Dannesbo S,
Kock TO,
Pietersen A,
Raja AA,
Iversen KK,
Bundgaard H,
Christensen AH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Europace</span>
2023 Jul 4;25(7)
doi: 10.1093/europace/euad165.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37465966" target="_blank">37465966</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10354624" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31069431">Management of Asymptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White Pattern in Young Patients: Has Anything Changed?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Raposo D,
António N,
Andrade H,
Sousa P,
Pires A,
Gonçalves L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Cardiol</span>
2019 Jun;40(5):892-900.
Epub 2019 May 8
doi: 10.1007/s00246-019-02110-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31069431" target="_blank">31069431</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28108086">Long term risk of Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern and syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kim SS,
Knight BP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Trends Cardiovasc Med</span>
2017 May;27(4):260-268.
Epub 2016 Dec 5
doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2016.12.001.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28108086" target="_blank">28108086</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28084962">Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: lessons learnt and lessons remaining.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Benson DW,
Cohen MI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cardiol Young</span>
2017 Jan;27(S1):S62-S67.
doi: 10.1017/S1047951116002250.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28084962" target="_blank">28084962</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28061924">Asymptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White Pattern ECG in USAF Aviators.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Davenport ED,
Rupp KA,
Palileo E,
Haynes J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Aerosp Med Hum Perform</span>
2017 Jan 1;88(1):56-60.
doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4569.2017.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28061924" target="_blank">28061924</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Wolff-Parkinson-White%20pattern%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (19)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0043202%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A1%5F1" target="_blank">Analyte (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0043202%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (51)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0043202%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F18" target="_blank">Mutation scanning of select exons (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0043202%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F9" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of select exons (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0043202%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (72)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0043202%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (9)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0043202%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (74)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=194200" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=907" target="_blank">Orphanet</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Wolff-Parkinson-White%20pattern" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22wolff-parkinson-white%20pattern%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Wolff-Parkinson-White%20pattern%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=602743" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="/clinvar/?term=51422[geneid]" target="_blank">View PRKAG2 variations in ClinVar</a></li><li><a href="/nuccore/170932506" target="_blank">RefSeqGene</a></li><li><a href="https://catalog.coriell.org/Search?q=194200" target="_blank">Coriell Institute for Medical Research</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.diseaseinfosearch.org/Wolff+Parkinson+White+syndrome/7519" target="_blank">Genetic Alliance</a></li><li><a href="https://www.malacards.org/card/wolff_parkinson_white_syndrome" target="_blank">MalaCards</a></li><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&amp;query=Wolff-Parkinson-White%20pattern" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li><li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/wolff-parkinson-white-syndrome" target="_blank">MedlinePlusGenetics (GHR)</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">MT-TS1 mitochondrially encoded tRNA serine 1 (UCN) [Homo sapiens]<div class="brieflinkpopdesc">Gene ID:4574</div></div>
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