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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield. Clinical Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes: Prevention and Management of Foot Problems [Internet]. Sheffield (UK): University of Sheffield; 2003. (NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 10.)</p></div><div class="bk_msg_box bk_bttm_mrgn clearfix bk_noprnt"><div class="iconblock clearfix"><a class="img_link icnblk_img" title="Table of Contents Page" href="/books/n/niceng19guid/"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-niceng19guid-lrg.png" alt="Cover" height="100px" width="80px" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><ul class="messages"><li class="info icon"><span class="icon"><a href="/books/n/niceng19guid/">See 2019 update</a></span></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="messagearea bk_noprnt" style="margin-bottom:1.3846em "><ul class="messages"><li class="warn icon"><span class="icon">This publication is provided for historical reference only and the information may be out of date.</span></li></ul></div><div class="bk_prnt"><p style="color:red;"><strong>This publication is provided for historical reference only and the information may be out of date.</strong></p></div><div class="iconblock clearfix whole_rhythm no_top_margin bk_noprnt"><a class="img_link icnblk_img" title="Table of Contents Page" href="/books/n/nicecg10/"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-nicecg10-lrg.png" alt="Cover of Clinical Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes" height="100px" width="80px" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt eight_col"><h2>Clinical Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes: Prevention and Management of Foot Problems [Internet].</h2><a data-jig="ncbitoggler" href="#__NBK51708_dtls__">Show details</a><div style="display:none" class="ui-widget" id="__NBK51708_dtls__"><div>NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 10.</div><div>School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield.</div><div>Sheffield (UK): <a href="https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/scharr" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">University of Sheffield</a>; 2003.</div></div><div class="half_rhythm"><ul class="inline_list"><li style="margin-right:1em"><a class="bk_cntns" href="/books/n/nicecg10/">Contents</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="icnblk_cntnt two_col"><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><a class="active page_link prev" href="/books/n/nicecg10/appendixes.app23/" title="Previous page in this title">< Prev</a><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/nicecg10/appendixes.app25/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK51708_"><span class="label">Appendix 24</span><span class="title" itemprop="name">Selected glossary</span></h1></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><p>This is not intended as an exhaustive glossary of diabetes terms. It gives limited explanation of terms used in this guideline that may not be familiar to every reader. For a fuller glossary of terms the reader is directed to the glossary accompanying the National Service Framework for Diabetes, which can be accessed from:</p><p><a href="http://www.doh.gov.uk/nsf/diabetes/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">http://www.doh.gov.uk/nsf/diabetes/</a></p><p>The glossary that accompanies the Scottish Framework for Diabetes is also suggested: <a href="http://www.diabetesinscotland.org/diabetes/Glossary.asp?index=n%25" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">http://www.diabetesinscotland.org/diabetes/Glossary.asp?index=n%25</a></p><dl><dt id="glossary.gl1-d1">≤</dt><dd><p>less than or equal to</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d2">≥</dt><dd><p>greater than or equal to</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d3"><</dt><dd><p>less than</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d4">></dt><dd><p>greater than</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d5">amputation</dt><dd><p>surgical removal of limb or part of limb (eg toes), non traumatic amputation is that undertaken as part of treatment as distinct from traumatic amputation which results for example from violent accidents such as road traffic accidents</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d6">biothesiometer</dt><dd><p>equipment used to measure foot sensitivity</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d7">buckling strength</dt><dd><p>measure of how much pressure a piece of plastic can stand before giving way (buckling)</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d8">calibrated tuning fork</dt><dd><p>specialised tuning fork used to measure foot sensitivity</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d9">callus</dt><dd><p>hard, thick area of skin</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d10">cellulitis</dt><dd><p>infection of the skin</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d11">Charcot osteoarthropathy</dt><dd><p>chronic, progressive, degenerative disease of the foot joints</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d12">chiropody</dt><dd><p>see podiatry</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d13">claudication</dt><dd><p>pain in the legs (especially the calf), due to poor circulation of the blood to leg muscles</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d14">claw toes</dt><dd><p>deformity of the toes</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d15">community diabetes foot care protection team</dt><dd><p>multidisciplinary team including diabetologists, nurses, podiatrists, providing care for people with diabetes</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d16">cultured human dermis</dt><dd><p>treatment consisting of skin tissue that is used in wound management</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d17">debridement</dt><dd><p>the removal of dead skin and tissue</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d18">diabetic walker</dt><dd><p>aircasts to help relieve pressure on foot</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d19">dorsal</dt><dd><p>pertaining to the back – in the case of the foot, the top of the foot</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d20">dyslipidaemia</dt><dd><p>abnormal lipid (fats, often known as cholesterol) levels</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d21">electrical stimulation</dt><dd><p>the use of electrical current to help increase blood flow, used in wound management</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d22">foot protection programme</dt><dd><p>programme of care aimed at preventing/reducing foot problems, includes for example, advice/instruction about hygiene, hosiery, footwear/shoes and frequent <a class="def" href="/books/NBK51708/def-item/glossary.gl1-d12/">chiropody</a> clinic visits for provision of chiropody services as well as advice/surveillance</p><p>can be provided by different health care professionals in different settings</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d23">granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)</dt><dd><p>treatment to help increase the production of a type of white blood cell that help fight infections</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d24">growth factors</dt><dd><p>treatment to help stimulate and increase cell growth to help wound healing</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d25">hallux</dt><dd><p>big toe</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d26">hammer toes</dt><dd><p>deformity of the toes (usually the second toe) where toes are bent at an abnormal angle</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d27">hyperbaric oxygen therapy</dt><dd><p>treatment that uses oxygen to help wound healing, usually involves person being place in a special room</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d28">ischaemia</dt><dd><p>decreased blood supply to body organ or part</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d29">ketanserin</dt><dd><p>treatment that improves blood supply to a wound which aids healing</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d30">macrovascular complications</dt><dd><p>related to the large blood vessels – complications include stroke and myocardial infarction</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d31">microvascular</dt><dd><p>related to the small blood vessels – complications include diabetic retinopathy</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d32">monofilaments</dt><dd><p>instrument used for testing foot sensitivity, a plastic bristle which lightly touches the skin</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d33">multidisciplinary foot care team</dt><dd><p>specialist team usually involving diabetologists, podiatrists, specialist nurses, orthotists, surgeons and radiologists who manage severe foot problems</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d34">neuropathy</dt><dd><p>damage/degeneration of the nerves, which can lead to loss of sensation in the feet.</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d35">off-loading</dt><dd><p>the removal or reduction of pressure on the foot (or part of the foot) to help healing or to prevent damage to the foot, usually involves immobilisation of affected joint so that it can not bear weight</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d36">orthosis</dt><dd><p>system designed to affect/alter the forces on the foot to control, correct or compensate for deformities, harmful forces etc – using specially deigned insoles, shoes, shoe inserts, braces for example</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d37">orthotics</dt><dd><p>specialty concerned with the design, manufacture and fitting of specialist footwear, leg braces etc</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d38">osteomyelitis</dt><dd><p>infection of the bone</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d39">palpation</dt><dd><p>physical examination using the hands to feel the texture, size etc of the part of the body being examined</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d40">peripheral vascular disease</dt><dd><p>the damage caused to large blood vessels supplying lower limbs, this can result in poor circulation, which can result in pain and also predispose to the development of foot ulcers</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d41">plantar</dt><dd><p>pertaining to the sole of the foot</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d42">plantar callus</dt><dd><p><a class="def" href="/books/NBK51708/def-item/glossary.gl1-d9/">callus</a> on the sole of the foot</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d43">podiatry/podiatrist</dt><dd><p>specialty concerned with the foot (used interchangeably with <a class="def" href="/books/NBK51708/def-item/glossary.gl1-d12/">chiropody</a>). A podiatrist is a health care professional who specialises in the management of foot problems. In the UK, the terms podiatrist and chiropodist are interchangeable, but podiatrist is the more modern term. Following a three or four year degree course, podiatrists are eligible for State Registration. State Registered podiatrists are qualified to assess and diagnose, treat or refer onwards all disorders of the foot or lower limb.</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d44">polymicrobial infection</dt><dd><p>infection with multiple types of bacteria/sources of infection</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d45">re-vascularisation</dt><dd><p>surgical procedure to repair or replace damaged blood vessels</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d46">SF-36</dt><dd><p>a questionnaire used to ask people about the impact any health problems have on their life, including the way they feel</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d47">systemic antibiotic therapy</dt><dd><p>antibiotics given by injection or pill rather than an antibiotic lotion/cream just applied to infected area</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d48">topical</dt><dd><p>applied to affected area only</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d49">Total contact casting</dt><dd><p>use of casts (eg plaster cast) to immobilise affected joints/part of foot</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d50">valgus</dt><dd><p>an abnormal bending or twisting outwards of part of a limb</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d51">varus</dt><dd><p>an abnormal bending or twisting inwards of part of a limb</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d52">vascular assessment</dt><dd><p>assessment of blood vessels including condition and blood flow</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d53">Veteran (also Veterans Association, Veterans study)</dt><dd><p>pertaining to health care system in USA for ex-service personnel, includes hospitals etc -–studies conducted in this system of comprising patients in the system</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d54">vibration perception threshold</dt><dd><p>measurement to find out level of foot sensitivity</p></dd><dt id="glossary.gl1-d55">Wagner system</dt><dd><p>scale for measuring severity of foot ulcers</p></dd></dl><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div>
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