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<script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.boots.min.js"> </script><title>[2[[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]-oct-2-yl]-methyl](2-mercaptoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]ethanethiolato(3-)-N2,N2’,S2,S2]oxo-[1R-exo-exo)])- [99mTc]-technetium - Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
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<meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]">
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<meta name="citation_title" content="[2[[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]-oct-2-yl]-methyl](2-mercaptoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]ethanethiolato(3-)-N2,N2’,S2,S2]oxo-[1R-exo-exo)])- [99mTc]-technetium">
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<meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)">
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<meta name="citation_date" content="2007/12/20">
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<meta name="citation_author" content="Arvind Chopra">
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<meta name="citation_pmid" content="20641907">
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<meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK23712/">
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<meta name="DC.Title" content="[2[[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]-oct-2-yl]-methyl](2-mercaptoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]ethanethiolato(3-)-N2,N2’,S2,S2]oxo-[1R-exo-exo)])- [99mTc]-technetium">
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<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Arvind Chopra">
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<meta name="description" content="Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that modulates a variety of human functions such as motion, cognition, emotions, and the peristaltic reflexes in the gastrointestinal tract. The transport of this molecule at the neuron pre- and postsynaptic junctions is mediated by an axonal membrane dopamine transporter (DAT) that regulates dopamine levels within the synaptic cleft (1). The process of dopamine release and reuptake within the synaptic cleft facilitates nerve transmission. The striatum region of the brain has a high density of DAT and is rich in dopamine. Psychotic drugs such as cocaine, amphetamines, and methylphenidate (MPH) target DAT, which suggests that the dopamine system modulates the mood of an individual (1-3). Also, changes in DAT are of particular interest in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is caused by the loss of neurons bearing these transporters in the basal ganglia and substantia nigra regions of the striatum (4). Development of various imaging ligands that specifically bind to DAT has been of interest to understand the functioning of these transporters and also to diagnose and monitor the treatment of PD. Dopamine receptors and transporters have also been suggested to play a role in the development of the heritable and disruptive attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that is sometimes observed in children (5). Although several ligands are available that can be used for DAT imaging, they have a limited availability and require cyclotron-produced radionuclides that have short half-lives (6). In addition, these ligands require from a few hours to >18 hours to reach a suitable concentration at the imaging target area (4).">
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<meta name="og:description" content="Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that modulates a variety of human functions such as motion, cognition, emotions, and the peristaltic reflexes in the gastrointestinal tract. The transport of this molecule at the neuron pre- and postsynaptic junctions is mediated by an axonal membrane dopamine transporter (DAT) that regulates dopamine levels within the synaptic cleft (1). The process of dopamine release and reuptake within the synaptic cleft facilitates nerve transmission. The striatum region of the brain has a high density of DAT and is rich in dopamine. Psychotic drugs such as cocaine, amphetamines, and methylphenidate (MPH) target DAT, which suggests that the dopamine system modulates the mood of an individual (1-3). Also, changes in DAT are of particular interest in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is caused by the loss of neurons bearing these transporters in the basal ganglia and substantia nigra regions of the striatum (4). Development of various imaging ligands that specifically bind to DAT has been of interest to understand the functioning of these transporters and also to diagnose and monitor the treatment of PD. Dopamine receptors and transporters have also been suggested to play a role in the development of the heritable and disruptive attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that is sometimes observed in children (5). Although several ligands are available that can be used for DAT imaging, they have a limited availability and require cyclotron-produced radionuclides that have short half-lives (6). In addition, these ligands require from a few hours to >18 hours to reach a suitable concentration at the imaging target area (4).">
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stroke-linecap="round" style="fill:#FFF" d="m320,350a153,153 0 1,0-2,2l170,170m-91-117 110,110-26,26-110-110"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-fip-done" class="wsprkl btn" title="Dismiss find">✘</a></nav><nav id="jr-fip-info-p"><a id="jr-fip-prev" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to previuos match">◀</a><button id="jr-fip-matches">no matches yet</button><a id="jr-fip-next" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK23712_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">[2[[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]-oct-2-yl]-methyl](2-mercaptoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]ethanethiolato(3-)-<i>N2,N2’,S2,S2</i>]oxo-[1R-exo-exo)])- [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-technetium</span></h1><div itemprop="alternativeHeadline" class="subtitle whole_rhythm"><sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1</div><p class="contribs">Chopra A.</p><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK23712_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p></div></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figTRODAT1Tc99mT1"><a href="/books/NBK23712/table/TRODAT-1Tc99m.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobTRODAT1Tc99mT1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/table-icon.gif" alt="Table Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.T1"><a href="/books/NBK23712/table/TRODAT-1Tc99m.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobTRODAT1Tc99mT1">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">
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<i>In vitro</i>
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Rodents
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</p></div></div><div id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.Background"><h2 id="_TRODAT-1Tc99m_Background_">Background</h2><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=99mTc-TRODAT-1" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that modulates a variety of human functions such as motion, cognition, emotions, and the peristaltic reflexes in the gastrointestinal tract. The transport of this molecule at the neuron pre- and postsynaptic junctions is mediated by an axonal membrane dopamine transporter (DAT) that regulates dopamine levels within the synaptic cleft (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.1" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.1">1</a>). The process of dopamine release and reuptake within the synaptic cleft facilitates nerve transmission. The striatum region of the brain has a high density of DAT and is rich in dopamine. Psychotic drugs such as cocaine, amphetamines, and methylphenidate (MPH) target DAT, which suggests that the dopamine system modulates the mood of an individual (<a href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.1">1-3</a>). Also, changes in DAT are of particular interest in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is caused by the loss of neurons bearing these transporters in the basal ganglia and substantia nigra regions of the striatum (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.4" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.4">4</a>). Development of various imaging ligands that specifically bind to DAT has been of interest to understand the functioning of these transporters and also to diagnose and monitor the treatment of PD. Dopamine receptors and transporters have also been suggested to play a role in the development of the heritable and disruptive attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that is sometimes observed in children (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.5" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.5">5</a>). Although several ligands are available that can be used for DAT imaging, they have a limited availability and require cyclotron-produced radionuclides that have short half-lives (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.6" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.6">6</a>). In addition, these ligands require from a few hours to >18 hours to reach a suitable concentration at the imaging target area (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.4" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.4">4</a>).</p><p>In an effort to alleviate the limitations observed with the cyclotron-produced radionuclides, DAT ligands labeled with <sup>99m</sup>Tc were developed for research and possibly for clinical use. These ligands are neutral lipophilic complexes that contain N-(alkylthiolate)tropane, aminobis(ethylthiolate), and a center core of <sup>99m</sup>Tc (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.4" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.4">4</a>). The cocaine derivative [2[[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]-oct-2-yl]-methyl](2-mercaptoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]ethanethiolato(3-)-<i>N2,N2’,S2,S2</i>]oxo-[1R-exo-exo)])- [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-technetium (<sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1) is a ligand that belongs to this group. Hu et al. suggested the possible benefit of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 for an early and differential diagnosis of PD (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.7" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.7">7</a>).</p><p>The application of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 for the imaging of DAT is reviewed in this chapter.</p></div><div id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.Synthesis"><h2 id="_TRODAT-1Tc99m_Synthesis_">Synthesis</h2><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=99mTc-TRODAT-1%20synthesis" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>The synthesis of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 has been described by Meegalla et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.4" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.4">4</a>). Due to the complex intermediate compounds synthesized to obtain <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1, only general terms have been used in this chapter. The reader should refer to the original publication for complete names (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.4" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.4">4</a>).</p><p>Briefly, the synthesis of a 3β-(p-chloro-)tropane ester and the corresponding carboxylic acid was performed as detailed elsewhere (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.8" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.8">8</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.9" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.9">9</a>). A corresponding acyl chloride was obtained by the action of oxalyl chloride on the carboxylic acid at room temperature. This compound was treated with an amine to obtain the corresponding amide. A secondary amine was prepared by diborane reduction of the amide and converted to a tertiary amide by alkylation with alkyl chloride. The amide functions of compound 9 were reduced with BH<sub>3</sub>•THF to obtain the amine compound 11a. TRODAT-1 was obtained by deprotection of compound 11a with Hg(OAc)<sub>2</sub>.</p><p>To radiolabel with <sup>99m</sup>Tc, TRODAT-1 was dissolved in ethanol and HCl, and a Sn-glucoheptonate solution containing EDTA was successively added to it. Subsequently, a saline solution containing <sup>99m</sup>Tc-pertechnetate was added to the mixture, which was then heated to 100<sup>o</sup>C for 30 min. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature and neutralized with a saturated solution of NaHCO<sub>3</sub>. The <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 complex was extracted from the aqueous solution with ethyl acetate, passed through a column of Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, and the ethyl acetate was removed under a flow of nitrogen. The resultant residue was dissolved in ethanol and purified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The radiochemical yield of the reaction was 88% with a radiochemical purity of 98%. The specific activity of the radiolabeled compound was not provided in the publication.</p></div><div id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.In_Vitro_Studies_Tes"><h2 id="_TRODAT-1Tc99m_In_Vitro_Studies_Tes_"><i>In Vitro</i> Studies: Testing in Cells and Tissues</h2><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=99mTc%20TRODAT-1%20in%20vitro" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>The affinity constant (<i>K</i><sub>i</sub>) of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 in rat brain sections was determined using the surrogate molecule rhenium-TRODAT-1 (Re-TRODAT-1) to be 14.1 nM (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.10" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.10">10</a>). In another study with rat tissue homogenates, the <i>K</i><sub>i</sub> of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 for DAT and the serotonin transporter was determined using Re-TRODAT-1 to be 14.1 ± 2.1 and 360 ± 44 nM, respectively (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.11" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.11">11</a>).</p></div><div id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.Animal_Studies"><h2 id="_TRODAT-1Tc99m_Animal_Studies_">Animal Studies</h2><div id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.Rodents"><h3>Rodents</h3><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=99mTc-TRODAT-1+rodentia&WebEnv=0T3yIn6j5P6oAztD3kIUQhM5Y8MDj9SZE9_rnMM94WwXjaSaSTAm5u8sjK-Ccf-W-_YKhvzA3AFA62%40D4761739635E72B0_0076SID&WebEnvRq=1" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>Hwang et al. investigated the effect of DAT competitors 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), levadopa (L-DOPA), N-methyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4fluorophenyl)tropane (CFT, WIN 35,428), and MPH on the biodistribution of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 in mice (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.12" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.12">12</a>). Compared to controls, mice treated with MPTP and L-DOPA did not show significant differences in radiolabel uptake in bilateral striata of the brain. Almost no <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 binding was observed in mice treated with CFT or MPH. The investigators concluded that <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 could probably be used for clinical investigation of neurological disorders such as PD.</p><p>Acton et al. used <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 to demonstrate that DAT binding could be quantified and studied accurately in mice with ultrahigh-resolution single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.13" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.13">13</a>). Similarly, Chen et al. demonstrated that <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 could be used to study DAT in a rodent model that used rats treated with 6-hydroxydopamine (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.14" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.14">14</a>). Fang et al. showed that <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 was a safe and useful imaging agent to investigate localization of presynaptic DAT in rodent brain (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.15" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.15">15</a>). Dresel et al. showed that <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 binding in rats was affected only if the animals were pretreated with drugs that significantly increased dopamine levels or competed with DAT binding (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.16" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.16">16</a>). The investigators suggested that prior knowledge of drugs being administered to patients could help interpret DAT status in individuals being evaluated by SPECT with <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 in a clinical setting.</p></div><div id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.Other_NonPrimate_Mam"><h3>Other Non-Primate Mammals</h3><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=99mTc-TRODAT-1+non-primate+mammals&WebEnv=0XLx3dpxs0qff4VrwiKceM58aSHDWGkMf93mDz6ei_m4yUV3fsdnLVqsf25Ha7_tZyj3HennKc8E8D%40D4761739635E72B0_0076SID&WebEnvRq=1" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No publications are currently available.</p></div><div id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.NonHuman_Primates"><h3>Non-Human Primates</h3><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=99mTc-TRODAT-1+nonhuman+primates&WebEnv=0nYNgSUnnXZKN1QJUrN1A9soxGnXbk7gysXqtvAqXGEC9Yi9nGbA6WLm-66vJ0gi5QFhM79LTQoZAM%40D4761739635E72B0_0076SID&WebEnvRq=1" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>In an effort to study the pre- and postsynaptic dopamine systems in a primate model, the technique of dual SPECT with <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 and <sup>123</sup>I-labeled iodobenzamide was used with baboons (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.17" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.17">17</a>) and Formosan rock monkeys (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.18" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.18">18</a>). From these studies it was concluded that the use of a dual-isotope technique could be an effective method to gain a better insight into the dopaminergic system. In another study, the uptake ratio of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 in the striatum <i>versus</i> the cerebellum of normal and hemi-Parkinsonian monkeys was determined (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.7" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.7">7</a>). The investigators demonstrated that the striatum/cerebellum ratio of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 uptake in the hemi-Parkinsonian animals was significantly lower compared to that of controls.</p><p>Xiao et al investigated the effect of an acute morphine injection on the functional changes of DAT in rhesus monkeys (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.19" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.19">19</a>). A rapid downregulation of DAT in the morphine-treated monkeys was observed, and this was only partially reversible with cessation of morphine. The investigators suggested that the striatum is an effective target of morphine and that DAT function could be used as an indicator of morphine addiction.</p></div></div><div id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.Human_Studies"><h2 id="_TRODAT-1Tc99m_Human_Studies_">Human Studies</h2><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=99mTc-TRODAT-1+humans&WebEnv=0ROLqMmFJnRHngpgvwr4whNNwVyICAw1vnXBoNIlD3mfbIhRGZK_1y_2l3wnEukQIixKJN3IV1Y1Ap%40D4761739635E72B0_0076SID&WebEnvRq=1" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p><sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 scintigraphy was shown to have a high sensitivity and specificity to measure the gradual loss of DAT in PD patients (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.20" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.20">20</a>). The investigators suggested the use of this radiolabeled compound for the possible diagnosis of PD. In another study, the possible use of SPECT with <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 to distinguish between PD and essential tremor was suggested (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.21" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.21">21</a>).</p><p>The distribution volume ratios (DVRs) of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 binding affinity was determined from SPECT data for patients with low and high depressive symptoms (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.22" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.22">22</a>). Data obtained from this study suggested that the <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 binding affinity to DAT may be associated with the depressive effect. The study also supported an earlier study (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.23" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.23">23</a>) that showed an elevated <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 DVR in patients in a high depressive state. In a pilot study designed to investigate the effect of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) on DAT availability in the brains of healthy postmenopausal women, an increase in DAT in the putamen region of the brain was observed (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.24" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.24">24</a>). This indicated a possible association of ERT with improvement in PD and late-onset schizophrenia.</p><p>The possible role of the degree of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 binding to striatal DAT and the response to MPH in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was investigated (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.25" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.25">25</a>). Data from the study showed that individuals with ADHD who have an elevated striatal DAT responded better to MPH therapy than those with low DAT levels. On the basis of these results, the possible use of DAT measurements to predict a response to MPH therapy was suggested. In another study that used <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1, it was shown that the decrease in the number of DAT binding sites in ADHD patients receiving MPH therapy correlated with an improvement in clinical symptoms (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.26" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.26">26</a>).</p><p>A new formulation of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 was evaluated in a phase-I human clinical trial to characterize striatal DAT binding and to determine if the physiological age and sex of trial participants had an effect on binding (<a class="bibr" href="#TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.6" rid="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.6">6</a>). The investigators observed an age- and sex-dependency (especially in postmenopausal women) for the binding of this radionuclide. On the basis of this data, the investigators suggested that the age and sex of individuals being studied with <sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1 should be taken into consideration while data after scintigraphy is evaluated.</p></div><div id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.Supplemental_Informa"><h2 id="_TRODAT-1Tc99m_Supplemental_Informa_">Supplemental Information</h2><p>[<a href="/books/n/micad/disclaimer/?report=reader">Disclaimers</a>]</p><p>
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<a href="/books/NBK23712/bin/TRODATtoxicology.pdf">Toxicology</a>
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<a href="/books/NBK23712/bin/TRODATpharmacology.pdf">Pharmacology</a>
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<a href="/books/NBK23712/bin/TRODATdosimetry.pdf">Dosimetry</a>
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</p></div><div id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.NIH_Support"><h2 id="_TRODAT-1Tc99m_NIH_Support_">NIH Support</h2><p>Parts of the studies presented in this chapter were funded by NIH grant #s AG-17524, DA-09469, NS24538 and NS18509.</p></div><div id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.references"><h2 id="_TRODAT-1Tc99m_references_">References</h2><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.1">Amara S.G. , Kuhar M.J. Neurotransmitter transporters: recent progress. <span><span class="ref-journal">Annu Rev Neurosci. </span>1993;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>16</strong>
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</span>:73–93.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8096377" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8096377</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.2">Goeders N.E. , Smith J.E. Cortical dopaminergic involvement in cocaine reinforcement. <span><span class="ref-journal">Science. </span>1983;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>221</strong>
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</span>(4612):773–5.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6879176" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 6879176</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.3">Volkow N.D. , Wang G.J. , Fowler J.S. , Gatley S.J. , Ding Y.S. , Logan J. , Dewey S.L. , Hitzemann R. , Lieberman J. Relationship between psychostimulant-induced "high" and dopamine transporter occupancy. <span><span class="ref-journal">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. </span>1996;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>93</strong>
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</span>(19):10388–92.</span> [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC38394/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC38394</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8816810" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8816810</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.4">Meegalla S.K. , Plossl K. , Kung M.P. , Chumpradit S. , Stevenson D.A. , Kushner S.A. , McElgin W.T. , Mozley P.D. , Kung H.F. Synthesis and characterization of technetium-99m-labeled tropanes as dopamine transporter-imaging agents. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Med Chem. </span>1997;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>40</strong>
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</span>(1):9–17.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9016323" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9016323</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><li><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.5">5. Thapar, A., M. O'Donovan, and M.J. Owen, The genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Hum Mol Genet, 2005. 14 Spec No. 2: p. R275-82. [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16244326" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16244326</span></a>]</div></li><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.6">Koch W. , Pogarell O. , Popperl G. , Hornung J. , Hamann C. , Gildehaus F.J. , Seelos K. , Lewis D. , Favit A. , Tatsch K. Extended studies of the striatal uptake of 99mTc-NC100697 in healthy volunteers. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Nucl Med. </span>2007;<span class="ref-vol">
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|
<strong>48</strong>
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|
</span>(1):27–34.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17204696" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17204696</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>7.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.7">Hu P. , Chen L. , Zhang H.Q. , Li J.R. , Liang H. Single photon emission computer tomography of dopamine transporters in monkeys and humans with 99mTc-TRODAT-1. <span><span class="ref-journal">Chin Med J (Engl). </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>117</strong>
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</span>(7):1056–9.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15265382" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15265382</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>8.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.8">Carroll F.I. , Abraham P. , Lewin A.H. , Parham K.A. , Boja J.W. , Kuhar M. Isopropyl and phenyl esters of 3 beta-(4-substituted phenyl)tropan-2 beta-carboxylic acids. Potent and selective compounds for the dopamine transporter. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Med Chem. </span>1992;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>35</strong>
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|
</span>(13):2497–500.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1619622" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 1619622</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>9.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.9">Meltzer P.C. , Liang A.Y. , Brownell A.L. , Elmaleh D.R. , Madras B.K. Substituted 3-phenyltropane analogs of cocaine: synthesis, inhibition of binding at cocaine recognition sites, and positron emission tomography imaging. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Med Chem. </span>1993;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>36</strong>
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|
</span>(7):855–62.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8464040" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8464040</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>10.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.10">Kung M.P. , Stevenson D.A. , Plossl K. , Meegalla S.K. , Beckwith A. , Essman W.D. , Mu M. , Lucki I. , Kung H.F. [99mTc]TRODAT-1: a novel technetium-99m complex as a dopamine transporter imaging agent. <span><span class="ref-journal">Eur J Nucl Med. </span>1997;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>24</strong>
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</span>(4):372–80.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9096087" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9096087</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>11.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.11">Dresel S.H. , Kung M.P. , Huang X. , Plossl K. , Hou C. , Shiue C.Y. , Karp J. , Kung H.F. In vivo imaging of serotonin transporters with [99mTc]TRODAT-1 in nonhuman primates. <span><span class="ref-journal">Eur J Nucl Med. </span>1999;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>26</strong>
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|
</span>(4):342–7.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10199939" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10199939</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>12.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.12">Hwang J.J. , Liao M.H. , Yen T.C. , Wey S.P. , Lin K.J. , Pan W.H. , Chen J.C. , Ting G. Biodistribution study of [99mTc] TRODAT-1 alone or combined with other dopaminergic drugs in mice with macroautoradiography. <span><span class="ref-journal">Appl Radiat Isot. </span>2002;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>57</strong>
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</span>(1):35–42.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12137024" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12137024</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>13.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.13">Acton P.D. , Choi S.R. , Plossl K. , Kung H.F. Quantification of dopamine transporters in the mouse brain using ultra-high resolution single-photon emission tomography. <span><span class="ref-journal">Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. </span>2002;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>29</strong>
|
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</span>(5):691–8.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11976810" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11976810</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>14.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.14">Chen Y.K. , Liu R.S. , Huang W.S. , Wey S.P. , Ting G. , Liu J.C. , Shen Y.Y. , Wan F.J. The role of dopamine transporter imaging agent [99mTc]TRODAT-1 in hemi-parkinsonism rat brain. <span><span class="ref-journal">Nucl Med Biol. </span>2001;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>28</strong>
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</span>(8):923–8.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11711311" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11711311</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>15.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.15">Fang P. , Wu C.Y. , Liu Z.G. , Wan W.X. , Wang T.S. , Chen S.D. , Chen Z.P. , Zhou X. The preclinical pharmacologic study of dopamine transporter imaging agent [99mTc]TRODAT-1. <span><span class="ref-journal">Nucl Med Biol. </span>2000;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>27</strong>
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</span>(1):69–75.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10755648" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10755648</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>16.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.16">Dresel S.H. , Kung M.P. , Plossl K. , Meegalla S.K. , Kung H.F. Pharmacological effects of dopaminergic drugs on in vivo binding of [99mTc]TRODAT-1 to the central dopamine transporters in rats. <span><span class="ref-journal">Eur J Nucl Med. </span>1998;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>25</strong>
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</span>(1):31–9.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9396872" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9396872</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>17.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.17">Dresel S.H. , Kung M.P. , Huang X.F. , Plossl K. , Hou C. , Meegalla S.K. , Patselas G. , Mu M. , Saffer J.R. , Kung H.F. Simultaneous SPECT studies of pre- and postsynaptic dopamine binding sites in baboons. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Nucl Med. </span>1999;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>40</strong>
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</span>(4):660–6.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10210226" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10210226</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>18.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.18">Ma K.H. , Huang W.S. , Chen C.H. , Lin S.Z. , Wey S.P. , Ting G. , Wang S.D. , Liu H.W. , Liu J.C. Dual SPECT of dopamine system using [99mTc]TRODAT-1 and [123I]IBZM in normal and 6-OHDA-lesioned formosan rock monkeys. <span><span class="ref-journal">Nucl Med Biol. </span>2002;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>29</strong>
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</span>(5):561–7.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12088726" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12088726</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>19.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.19">Xiao Z.W. , Cao C.Y. , Wang Z.X. , Li J.X. , Liao H.Y. , Zhang X.X. Changes of dopamine transporter function in striatum during acute morphine addiction and its abstinence in rhesus monkey. <span><span class="ref-journal">Chin Med J (Engl). </span>2006;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>119</strong>
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</span>(21):1802–7.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17097035" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17097035</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>20.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.20">Weng Y.H. , Yen T.C. , Chen M.C. , Kao P.F. , Tzen K.Y. , Chen R.S. , Wey S.P. , Ting G. , Lu C.S. Sensitivity and specificity of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT imaging in differentiating patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease from healthy subjects. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Nucl Med. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>45</strong>
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</span>(3):393–401.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15001678" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15001678</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>21.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.21">Wang J. , Jiang Y.P. , Liu X.D. , Chen Z.P. , Yang L.Q. , Liu C.J. , Xiang J.D. , Su H.L. 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT study in early Parkinson's disease and essential tremor. <span><span class="ref-journal">Acta Neurol Scand. </span>2005;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>112</strong>
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</span>(6):380–5.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16281920" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16281920</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>22.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.22">Newberg A. , Amsterdam J. , Shults J. Dopamine transporter density may be associated with the depressed affect in healthy subjects. <span><span class="ref-journal">Nucl Med Commun. </span>2007;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>28</strong>
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</span>(1):3–6.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17159542" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17159542</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>23.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.23">Brunswick D.J. , Amsterdam J.D. , Mozley P.D. , Newberg A. Greater availability of brain dopamine transporters in major depression shown by [99m Tc]TRODAT-1 SPECT imaging. <span><span class="ref-journal">Am J Psychiatry. </span>2003;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>160</strong>
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</span>(10):1836–41.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14514499" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14514499</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>24.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.24">Gardiner S.A. , Morrison M.F. , Mozley P.D. , Mozley L.H. , Brensinger C. , Bilker W. , Newberg A. , Battistini M. Pilot study on the effect of estrogen replacement therapy on brain dopamine transporter availability in healthy, postmenopausal women. <span><span class="ref-journal">Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>12</strong>
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</span>(6):621–30.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15545330" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15545330</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>25.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.25">la Fougere C. , Krause J. , Krause K.H. , Josef Gildehaus F. , Hacker M. , Koch W. , Hahn K. , Tatsch K. , Dresel S. Value of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT to predict clinical response to methylphenidate treatment in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. <span><span class="ref-journal">Nucl Med Commun. </span>2006;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>27</strong>
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</span>(9):733–7.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16894328" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16894328</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>26.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.EXTYLES.26">Dresel S. , Krause J. , Krause K.H. , LaFougere C. , Brinkbaumer K. , Kung H.F. , Hahn K. , Tatsch K. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: binding of [99mTc]TRODAT-1 to the dopamine transporter before and after methylphenidate treatment. <span><span class="ref-journal">Eur J Nucl Med. </span>2000;<span class="ref-vol">
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<strong>27</strong>
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</span>(10):1518–24.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11083541" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11083541</span></a>]</div></dd></dl></dl></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><h2 id="_NBK23712_pubdet_">Publication Details</h2><h3>Author Information and Affiliations</h3><div class="contrib half_rhythm"><span itemprop="author">Arvind Chopra</span>, PhD<div class="affiliation small">
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National Center for Biotechnology Information, NLM, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894,
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<span class="before-email-separator"></span><span class="email-label">Email: </span><a href="mailto:dev@null" data-email="vog.hin.mln.ibcn@dacim" class="oemail">vog.hin.mln.ibcn@dacim</a>
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</div></div><h3>Publication History</h3><p class="small">Created: <span itemprop="datePublished">April 24, 2007</span>; Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">December 20, 2007</span>.</p><h3>Copyright</h3><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div></div><h3>Publisher</h3><p><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)</a>, Bethesda (MD)</p><h3>NLM Citation</h3><p>Chopra A. [2[[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]-oct-2-yl]-methyl](2-mercaptoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]ethanethiolato(3-)-N2,N2’,S2,S2]oxo-[1R-exo-exo)])- [99mTc]-technetium. 2007 Apr 24 [Updated 2007 Dec 20]. In: Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2013. <span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></p></div><div class="small-screen-prev"><a href="/books/n/micad/sos99mtc/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="small-screen-next"><a href="/books/n/micad/DOTAPhAlior99mTc/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobTRODAT1Tc99mT1"><div id="TRODAT-1Tc99m.T1" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK23712/table/TRODAT-1Tc99m.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__TRODAT-1Tc99m.T1_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Chemical name:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">[2[[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]-oct-2-yl]-methyl](2-mercaptoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]ethanethiolato(3-)-<i>N2,N2’,S2,S2</i>]oxo-[1R-exo-exo)])- [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-technetium</td><td rowspan="9" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">
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<a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/24707765" title="View this structure in PubChem" class="img_link" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubchem"><img src="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/image/imgsrv.fcgi?t=l&sid=24707765" alt="image 24707765 in the ncbi pubchem database" /></a>
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</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Abbreviated name:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><sup>99m</sup>Tc-TRODAT-1</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Synonym:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><sup>99m</sup>Tc-NC100697</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Agent Category:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Compound</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Target:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dopamine transporters</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Target Category:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Binding</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Method of detection:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SPECT</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Source of signal:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><sup>99m</sup>Tc</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Activation:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not required</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Studies:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<img alt="Checkbox" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/studies.checkbox.png" />
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<i>In vitro</i>
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</div></li></ul>
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<ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<img alt="Checkbox" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/studies.checkbox.png" /> Rodents
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<ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<img alt="Checkbox" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/studies.checkbox.png" /> Non-human primates
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<img alt="Checkbox" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/studies.checkbox.png" /> Humans
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Click on the above structure for additional information in <a href="http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubChem</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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