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<script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.boots.min.js"> </script><title>99mTc-[Cys3,4,10,d-Phe7,Arg11]α-MSH3-13 - Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
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<meta name="citation_date" content="2008/01/22">
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<meta name="citation_author" content="Kenneth T Cheng">
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<meta name="citation_author" content="Thomas P Quinn">
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id="jr-fip-info-p"><a id="jr-fip-prev" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to previuos match">◀</a><button id="jr-fip-matches">no matches yet</button><a id="jr-fip-next" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK23297_"><span class="title" itemprop="name"><sup>99m</sup>Tc-[Cys<sup>3,4,10</sup>,<span class="small-caps">d</span>-Phe<sup>7</sup>,Arg<sup>11</sup>]α-MSH<sub>3-13</sub></span></h1><div itemprop="alternativeHeadline" class="subtitle whole_rhythm"><sup>99m</sup>Tc-(Arg<sup>11</sup>)CCMSH</div><p class="contribs">Cheng KT, Quinn TP.</p><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK23297_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p></div></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figMSH99mTcTncchemicalname99mtccys3410d"><a href="/books/NBK23297/table/MSH99mTc.T.nc_chemical_name99mtccys3410d/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobMSH99mTcTncchemicalname99mtccys3410d"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/table-icon.gif" alt="Table Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="MSH99mTc.T.nc_chemical_name99mtccys3410d"><a href="/books/NBK23297/table/MSH99mTc.T.nc_chemical_name99mtccys3410d/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobMSH99mTcTncchemicalname99mtccys3410d">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">
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<i>In vitro</i>
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Rodents
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</p></div></div><div id="MSH99mTc.Background"><h2 id="_MSH99mTc_Background_">Background</h2><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=%2899mTc-%20and%20111In-labeled%20alpha-melanocyte-stimulating%20hormone%20peptides%29%20OR%20%28radiolabeled-alpha-MSH%29" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p><sup>99m</sup>Tc-[Cys<sup>3,4,10</sup>,<span class="small-caps">d</span>-Phe<sup>7</sup>,Arg<sup>11</sup>]αMSH<sub>3-13</sub> (<sup>99m</sup>Tc-(Arg<sup>11</sup>)CCMSH) is a radioligand developed as a single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging probe for primary and metastatic melanoma (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.1" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.1">1</a>). <sup>99m</sup>Tc-(Arg<sup>11</sup>)CCMSH is an α-melanocyte−stimulating hormone (MSH) peptide labeled with <sup>99m</sup>Tc, a gamma emitter with a physical <i>t</i><sub>½</sub> of 6 h.</p><p>Malignant melanoma is the sixth most common cancer in the United States (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.1" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.1">1</a>). Early diagnosis and prompt surgical removal comprise the best approach for a possible cure (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.2" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.2">2</a>). The melanocortin (MC) system is the best characterized neuropeptide network of the skin, and it is involved in pigmentation regulation, cortisol production and many other physiological processes (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.3" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.3">3</a>). Most cutaneous cell types express MC receptors, proopiomelanocortin (POMC), prohormone convertases, and also release MCs. Five MC receptors (MC-1 to MC-5) have been cloned and characterized as receptors that belong to the G-protein−coupled receptors superfamily. MSHs (α-, β-, and γ-MSH) are derived from POMC by the proteolytic action of prohormone convertases. α-MSH (Ac-Ser<sup>1</sup>-Tyr<sup>2</sup>-Ser<sup>3</sup>-Met<sup>4</sup>-Glu<sup>5</sup>-His<sup>6</sup>-Phe<sup>7</sup>-Arg<sup>8</sup>-Trp<sup>9</sup>-Gly<sup>10</sup>-Lys<sup>11</sup>-Pro<sup>12</sup>-Val<sup>13</sup>-NH<sub>2</sub>) is a 13−amino acid peptide and is the most potent naturally occurring melanotropic peptide (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.4" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.4">4</a>). The biological effects of α-MSH are mediated <i>via</i> MC receptors.</p><p>Although positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with [<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro-2-deoxy-2-<span class="small-caps">d</span>-glucose ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDG) is effective in the detection of melanoma, it is not melanoma-specific and some melanoma cells do not take up [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.5" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.5 MSH99mTc.REF.6">5, 6</a>). Radiolabeled α-MSH peptide analogs have been shown to specifically bind to MC-1 receptors which are overexpressed on human and mouse melanoma cells (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.5" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.5 MSH99mTc.REF.7 MSH99mTc.REF.8 MSH99mTc.REF.9 MSH99mTc.REF.10">5, 7-10</a>). Some studies have successfully used 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclodecane-<i>N</i>,<i>N'</i>,<i>N''</i>,<i>N'''</i>-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) coupled to the α-MSH peptide analogs for radiolabeling. These α-MSH derivatives (DOTA-α-MSH) can be labeled with a variety of radionuclides (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.5" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.5">5</a>). To improve the <i>in vivo</i> pharmacokinetics of these radiolabeled peptides, a number of different α-MSH analogs have been designed (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.11" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.11 MSH99mTc.REF.12">11, 12</a>). Froidevaux et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.11" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.11">11</a>) showed that the kidney uptake of a short linear DOTA−α-MSH analog (DOTA-NAPamide) could be considerably reduced by neutralizing the charge of the Lys<sup>11</sup> residue. Giblin et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.13" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.13">13</a>) used metal cyclization to design a new class of α-MSH peptide analogs that are resistant to chemical and proteolytic degradation <i>in vivo</i> (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.10" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.10">10</a>). <sup>99m</sup>Tc-CCMSH analogs, cyclized through site-specific coordination of <sup>99m</sup>TcO, showed excellent tumor uptake and retention properties in B16/F1 murine melanoma-bearing C57 mice (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.13" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.13 MSH99mTc.REF.14">13, 14</a>). Miao et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.12" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.12">12</a>) replaced the Lys<sup>11</sup> with Arg<sup>11</sup> in the CCMSH analog to form (Arg<sup>11</sup>)CCMSH in an effort to reduce nonspecific kidney uptake and minimize the kidney radiation dose.</p></div><div id="MSH99mTc.Synthesis"><h2 id="_MSH99mTc_Synthesis_">Synthesis</h2><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=%2899mTc-%20and%20111In-labeled%20alpha-melanocyte-stimulating%20hormone%20peptides%29%20OR%20%28radiolabeled-alpha-MSH%29%20AND%20synthesis" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>Miao et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.12" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.12">12</a>) reported the synthesis of the (Arg<sup>11</sup>)CCMSH by using the standard fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)/HBTU chemistry on amide resin. A solid-phase peptide synthesizer was used. The peptide was acetylated with glacial acetic acid at the N-terminus. The peptide was deprotected and cleaved from the resin by a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid, thioanisol, ethanedithiol, and water at room temperature for 3 h. The peptide was then purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the identity was confirmed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The <sup>99m</sup>Tc radiolabeling was prepared <i>via</i> a glucoheptonate transchelation reaction (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.14" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.14">14</a>).In this procedure, stannous chloride (SnCl<sub>2</sub>) was used as a reducing agent and glucoheptonate was used as a transfer ligand. Briefly, 10 μg of the peptide was added to the mixture of SnCl<sub>2</sub>, <sup>99m</sup>Tc-pertechnetate, and glucoheptonate. The mixture was incubated at 75ºC for 30 min. The final <sup>99m</sup>Tc-(Arg<sup>11</sup>)CCMSH product was purified by HPLC. The specific activity was 1.2135 x 10<sup>10</sup> MBq/g (3.280 x 10<sup>8</sup> mCi/g). Based on a molecular weight of 1,467, the specific activity can be estimated to be 1.79 x 10<sup>7</sup> MBq/μmol (48.4 x 10<sup>4</sup> mCi/μmol).The radiochemical stability was evaluated in phosphate- buffered saline (pH 7.4). Over a 24-h period of incubation at 25ºC in phosphate-buffered saline, only radiolabeled peptide was detected by HPLC analysis with no detectable free radioactivity (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.14" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.14">14</a>).</p></div><div id="MSH99mTc.In_Vitro_Studies_Testing_in_Cel"><h2 id="_MSH99mTc_In_Vitro_Studies_Testing_in_Cel_"><i>In Vitro</i> Studies: Testing in Cells and Tissues</h2><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=%28%2899mTc-%20and%20111In-labeled%20alpha-melanocyte-stimulating%20hormone%20peptides%29%20OR%20%28radiolabeled-alpha-MSH%29%29%20AND%20in%20vitro" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>Giblin et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.13" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.13">13</a>) performed <i>in vitro</i> quantitative receptor-binding assays of unlabeled CCMSH on B16/F1 murine melanoma cells. The inhibition constant (IC<sub>50</sub>) was determined to be 7.6 x 10−<sup>9</sup> M. Miao et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.12" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.12">12</a>) determined the IC<sub>50</sub> of unlabeled (Arg<sup>11</sup>)CCMSH to be 1.7 X 10−<sup>9</sup> M, and the molecular weight was measured to be 1,476.</p></div><div id="MSH99mTc.Animal_Studies"><h2 id="_MSH99mTc_Animal_Studies_">Animal Studies</h2><div id="MSH99mTc.Rodents"><h3>Rodents</h3><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=%28%2899mTc-%20and%20111In-labeled%20alpha-melanocyte-stimulating%20hormone%20peptides%29%20OR%20%28radiolabeled-alpha-MSH%29%29%20AND%20rodentia" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>Biodistribution and SPECT imaging studies with <sup>99m</sup>Tc-(Arg<sup>11</sup>)CCMSH were conducted in C57 mice bearing B16/F1 (flank melanoma tumors) and B16/F10 (pulmonary metastatic melanoma tumors) melanomas (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.1" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.1">1</a>). Each mouse received 27.75 MBq (0.75 mCi) of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-(Arg<sup>11</sup>)CCMSH by i.v. administration. The radioactivity levels in the flank tumors (<i>n</i> = 4) were 14.03 ± 2.58 (1 h), 11.16 ± 1.77 (4 h), and 3.33 ± 0.50 (24 h) % injected dose per g (% ID/g). The tumor/muscle ratios were 61 (1 h), 372 (4 h), and 333 (24 h). The critical organ appeared to be the kidneys (% ID/g) with 11.66 ± 1.44 (1 h), 5.53 ± 1.17 (4 h), and 0.60 ± 0.08 (24 h). The other major organ radioactivity levels (% ID/g) at 1 h were 7.32 ± 1.28 (intestines), 3.00 ± 0.45 (stomach), 1.59 ± 0.19 (liver), 1.52 ± 0.39 (lung), 1.97 ± 0.37 (skin), 0.63 ± 0.17 (heart), 0.04 ± 0.02 (brain), 0.23 ± 0.06 (muscle), and 0.87 ± 0.12 (blood). With coinjection of 10 μg of a high- affinity unlabeled αMSH analog, NDP ([NIe<sup>4</sup>,<span class="small-caps">d</span>-Phe<sup>7</sup>] αMSH), the tumor radioactivity was reduced by 90% (1.44 ± 0.23% ID/g) at 1 h.</p><p>In the pulmonary metastatic tumor model, the radioactivity levels (% ID/g) of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-(Arg<sup>11</sup>)CCMSH in the lung metastases (<i>n</i> = 4) were 2.77 ± 0.98 (2 h) and 2.30 ± 1.78 (4 h) (<a class="bibr" href="#MSH99mTc.REF.1" rid="MSH99mTc.REF.1">1</a>). The radioactivity levels in the normal lung were 0.52 ± 0.22 (2 h) and 0.65 ± 0.13 (4 h). The lung metastases/normal lung ratios were 5.33 and 3.54 at 2 h and 4 h, respectively. The lung metastases/muscle ratios were 11.54 and 5.00 at 2 h and 4 h, respectively. In the imaging studies, the flank melanoma tumors were visualized clearly at 2 h. The pulmonary metastatic melanoma lesions were also clearly imaged at 2 h, and distinct metastatic focal deposits were visible.</p></div><div id="MSH99mTc.Other_NonPrimate_Mammals"><h3>Other Non-Primate Mammals</h3><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=%28%2899mTc-%20and%20111In-labeled%20alpha-melanocyte-stimulating%20hormone%20peptides%29%20AND%20%28dog%20OR%20rabbit%20OR%20pig%20OR%20sheep%29" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No publication is currently available.</p></div><div id="MSH99mTc.NonHuman_Primates"><h3>Non-Human Primates</h3><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=%28%2899mTc-%20and%20111In-labeled%20alpha-melanocyte-stimulating%20hormone%20peptides%29%20OR%20%28radiolabeled-alpha-MSH%29%29%20AND%20%28primate%20NOT%20human%29" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No publication is currently available.</p></div></div><div id="MSH99mTc.Human_Studies"><h2 id="_MSH99mTc_Human_Studies_">Human Studies</h2><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=%28%2899mTc-%20and%20111In-labeled%20alpha-melanocyte-stimulating%20hormone%20peptides%29%20OR%20%28radiolabeled-alpha-MSH%29%29%20AND%20human" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No publication is currently available.</p></div><div id="MSH99mTc.Supplemental_Information"><h2 id="_MSH99mTc_Supplemental_Information_">Supplemental Information</h2><p>[<a href="/books/n/micad/disclaimer/?report=reader">Disclaimers</a>]</p></div><div id="MSH99mTc.NIH_Support"><h2 id="_MSH99mTc_NIH_Support_">NIH Support</h2><p>NCI P50-CA-103130</p></div><div id="MSH99mTc.References"><h2 id="_MSH99mTc_References_">References</h2><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.1">Miao Y., Benwell K., Quinn T.P.
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<em>99mTc- and 111In-labeled alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptides as imaging probes for primary and pulmonary metastatic melanoma detection.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">J Nucl Med. </span>2007;<span class="ref-vol">48</span>(1):73–80.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17204701" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17204701</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.2">Miao Y., Hylarides M., Fisher D.R., Shelton T., Moore H., Wester D.W., Fritzberg A.R., Winkelmann C.T., Hoffman T., Quinn T.P.
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<em>Melanoma therapy via peptide-targeted {alpha}-radiation.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">Clin Cancer Res. </span>2005;<span class="ref-vol">11</span>(15):5616–21.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16061880" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16061880</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.3">Bohm M., Luger T.A., Tobin D.J., Garcia-Borron J.C.
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<em>Melanocortin receptor ligands: new horizons for skin biology and clinical dermatology.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">J Invest Dermatol. </span>2006;<span class="ref-vol">126</span>(9):1966–75.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16912693" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16912693</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.4">Catania A., Airaghi L., Garofalo L., Cutuli M., Lipton J.M.
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<em>The neuropeptide alpha-MSH in HIV infection and other disorders in humans.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">Ann N Y Acad Sci. </span>1998;<span class="ref-vol">840</span>:848–56.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9629310" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9629310</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.5">Weiner R.E., Thakur M.L.
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<em>Radiolabeled peptides in oncology: role in diagnosis and treatment.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">BioDrugs. </span>2005;<span class="ref-vol">19</span>(3):145–63.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15984900" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15984900</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.6">Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss A., Strauss L.G., Burger C.
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<em>Quantitative PET studies in pretreated melanoma patients: a comparison of 6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa with 18F-FDG and (15)O-water using compartment and noncompartment analysis.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">J Nucl Med. </span>2001;<span class="ref-vol">42</span>(2):248–56.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11216523" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11216523</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>7.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.7">Tatro J.B., Reichlin S.
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<em>Specific receptors for alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone are widely distributed in tissues of rodents.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">Endocrinology. </span>1987;<span class="ref-vol">121</span>(5):1900–7.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2822378" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 2822378</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>8.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.8">Siegrist W., Solca F., Stutz S., Giuffre L., Carrel S., Girard J., Eberle A.N.
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<em>Characterization of receptors for alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone on human melanoma cells.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">Cancer Res. </span>1989;<span class="ref-vol">49</span>(22):6352–8.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2804981" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 2804981</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>9.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.9">Miao Y., Whitener D., Feng W., Owen N.K., Chen J., Quinn T.P.
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<em>Evaluation of the human melanoma targeting properties of radiolabeled alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone peptide analogues.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">Bioconjug Chem. </span>2003;<span class="ref-vol">14</span>(6):1177–84.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14624632" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14624632</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>10.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.10">Chen J., Cheng Z., Owen N.K., Hoffman T.J., Miao Y., Jurisson S.S., Quinn T.P.
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<em>Evaluation of an (111)In-DOTA-rhenium cyclized alpha-MSH analog: a novel cyclic-peptide analog with improved tumor-targeting properties.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">J Nucl Med. </span>2001;<span class="ref-vol">42</span>(12):1847–55.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11752084" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11752084</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>11.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.11">Froidevaux S., Calame-Christe M., Tanner H., Eberle A.N.
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<em>Melanoma targeting with DOTA-alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone analogs: structural parameters affecting tumor uptake and kidney uptake.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">J Nucl Med. </span>2005;<span class="ref-vol">46</span>(5):887–95.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15872364" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15872364</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>12.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.12">Miao Y., Owen N.K., Whitener D., Gallazzi F., Hoffman T.J., Quinn T.P.
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<em>In vivo evaluation of 188Re-labeled alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone peptide analogs for melanoma therapy.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">Int J Cancer. </span>2002;<span class="ref-vol">101</span>(5):480–7.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12216078" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12216078</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>13.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.13">Giblin M.F., Wang N., Hoffman T.J., Jurisson S.S., Quinn T.P.
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<em>Design and characterization of alpha-melanotropin peptide analogs cyclized through rhenium and technetium metal coordination.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. </span>1998;<span class="ref-vol">95</span>(22):12814–8.</span> [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC23606/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC23606</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9788997" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9788997</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>14.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="MSH99mTc.REF.14">Chen J., Cheng Z., Hoffman T.J., Jurisson S.S., Quinn T.P.
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<em>Melanoma-targeting properties of (99m)technetium-labeled cyclic alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptide analogues.</em>
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<span><span class="ref-journal">Cancer Res. </span>2000;<span class="ref-vol">60</span>(20):5649–58.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11059756" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11059756</span></a>]</div></dd></dl></dl></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><h2 id="_NBK23297_pubdet_">Publication Details</h2><h3>Author Information and Affiliations</h3><div class="contrib half_rhythm"><span itemprop="author">Kenneth T Cheng</span>, PhD<div class="affiliation small">National Center for Biotechnology Information, NLM, NIH, Bethesda, MD<div><span class="email-label">Email: </span><a href="mailto:dev@null" data-email="vog.hin.mln.ibcn@DACIM" class="oemail">vog.hin.mln.ibcn@DACIM</a></div></div></div><div class="contrib half_rhythm"><span itemprop="author">Thomas P Quinn</span>, PhD<div class="affiliation small">Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, Corresponding Author<div><span class="email-label">Email: </span><a href="mailto:dev@null" data-email="ude.iruossim@tnniuq" class="oemail">ude.iruossim@tnniuq</a></div></div><div class="small">Corresponding author.</div></div><h3>Publication History</h3><p class="small">Created: <span itemprop="datePublished">January 26, 2007</span>; Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">January 22, 2008</span>.</p><h3>Copyright</h3><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div></div><h3>Publisher</h3><p><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)</a>, Bethesda (MD)</p><h3>NLM Citation</h3><p>Cheng KT, Quinn TP. 99mTc-[Cys3,4,10,d-Phe7,Arg11]α-MSH3-13. 2007 Jan 26 [Updated 2008 Jan 22]. In: Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2013. <span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></p></div><div class="small-screen-prev"><a href="/books/n/micad/CCMSH99mTc/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="small-screen-next"><a href="/books/n/micad/Folate-DO3A-EA99mTc/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobMSH99mTcTncchemicalname99mtccys3410d"><div id="MSH99mTc.T.nc_chemical_name99mtccys3410d" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK23297/table/MSH99mTc.T.nc_chemical_name99mtccys3410d/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__MSH99mTc.T.nc_chemical_name99mtccys3410d_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Chemical name:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><sup>99m</sup>Tc-[Cys<sup>3,4,10</sup>,<span class="small-caps">d</span>-Phe<sup>7</sup>,Arg<sup>11</sup>]α-MSH<sub>3-13</sub></td><td rowspan="9" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">
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<span class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK23297/bin/MSH99mTc.jpg" alt="Image MSH99mTc.jpg" /></span>
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</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Abbreviated name:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><sup>99m</sup>Tc-(Arg<sup>11</sup>)CCMSH</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Synonym:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><sup>99m</sup>Tc-α-MSH, <sup>99m</sup>Tc-Labeled α-melanocyte−stimulating hormone peptides</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Backbone:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Peptide</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Target:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Melanocortin-1 (MC-1) receptor</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Mechanism:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Peptide-receptor binding</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Method of detection:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or gamma planar imaging</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Source of signal:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><sup>99m</sup>Tc</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Activation:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Studies:</b>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<img alt="Checkbox" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/studies.checkbox.png" />
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<i>In vitro</i>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<img alt="Checkbox" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/studies.checkbox.png" /> Rodents
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</div></li></ul>
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</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><sup>99m</sup>Tc-(Arg<sup>11</sup>)CCMSH structure.<br />Click on <a href="/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=protein&val=27477129" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">protein</a>, <a href="/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=nucleotide&val=27477128" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">nucleotide</a> (RefSeq), and <a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=full_report&list_uids=4157" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">gene</a> for more information about the melanocortin-1 receptor.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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