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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2013. </p></div><div class="iconblock clearfix whole_rhythm no_top_margin bk_noprnt"><a class="img_link icnblk_img" title="Table of Contents Page" href="/books/n/micad/"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-micad-lrg.png" alt="Cover of Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD)" height="100px" width="80px" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt eight_col"><h2>Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet].</h2><a data-jig="ncbitoggler" href="#__NBK23437_dtls__">Show details</a><div style="display:none" class="ui-widget" id="__NBK23437_dtls__"><div>Bethesda (MD): <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)</a>; 2004-2013.</div></div><div class="half_rhythm"><ul class="inline_list"><li style="margin-right:1em"><a class="bk_cntns" href="/books/n/micad/">Contents</a></li></ul></div><div class="bk_noprnt"><form method="get" action="/books/n/micad/" id="bk_srch"><div class="bk_search"><label for="bk_term" class="offscreen_noflow">Search term</label><input type="text" title="Search this book" id="bk_term" name="term" value="" data-jig="ncbiclearbutton" /> <input type="submit" class="jig-ncbibutton" value="Search this book" submit="false" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;" /></div></form></div></div><div class="icnblk_cntnt two_col"><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><a class="active page_link prev" href="/books/n/micad/IPL-NP/" title="Previous page in this title">< Prev</a><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/micad/siSurvivinCLIO/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK23437_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Lys-Thr-Leu-Leu-Pro-Thr-Pro-cross-linked iron oxide-Cy5.5</span></h1><div itemprop="alternativeHeadline" class="subtitle whole_rhythm">PTP-CLIO-Cy5.5</div><p class="contrib-group"><span itemprop="author">Kam Leung</span>, PhD.</p><a data-jig="ncbitoggler" href="#__NBK23437_ai__" style="border:0;text-decoration:none">Author Information and Affiliations</a><div style="display:none" class="ui-widget" id="__NBK23437_ai__"><div class="contrib half_rhythm"><span itemprop="author">Kam Leung</span>, PhD<div class="affiliation small">National Center for Biotechnology Information, NLM, NIH, Bethesda, MD<div><span class="email-label">Email: </span><a href="mailto:dev@null" data-email="vog.hin.mln.ibcn@dacim" class="oemail">vog.hin.mln.ibcn@dacim</a></div></div><div class="small">Corresponding author.</div></div></div><p class="small">Created: <span itemprop="datePublished">August 8, 2008</span>; Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">February 22, 2011</span>.</p></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><div id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.T.nc_chemical_namelyst" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK23437/table/KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.T.nc_chemical_namelyst/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.T.nc_chemical_namelyst_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Chemical name:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lys-Thr-Leu-Leu-Pro-Thr-Pro-cross-linked iron oxide-Cy5.5</td><td rowspan="9" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Abbreviated name:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTP-CLIO-Cy5.5</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Synonym:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Agent category:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Peptide</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Target:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Plectin-1</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Target category:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Receptor</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Method of detection:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), optical (near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Source of signal\contrast:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Iron oxide, Cy5.5</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Activation:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Studies:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
||
<img alt="Checkbox" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/studies.checkbox.png" />
|
||
<i>In vitro</i>
|
||
|
||
</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
||
<img alt="Checkbox" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/studies.checkbox.png" /> Rodents
|
||
</div></li></ul>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Click on <a href="/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=protein&id=134044255" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">protein</a>, <a href="/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=nuccore&id=47607491" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">nucleotide</a> (RefSeq), and <a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=full_report&list_uids=5339" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">gene</a> for more information about Plectin-1.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.Background"><h2 id="_KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55_Background_">Background</h2><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=PTP%20CLIO%20and%20cy5" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>Optical fluorescence imaging is increasingly being used to obtain images of biological functions of specific targets <i>in vitro</i> and in small animals (<a class="bk_pop" href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.1" data-bk-pop-others="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.2">1, 2</a>). Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence (700–900 nm) detection avoids the background fluorescence interference of natural biomolecules, providing a high contrast between target and background tissues. NIR fluorescence imaging is becoming a non-invasive alternative to radionuclide imaging <i>in vitro</i> and in small animals.</p><p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) maps information about tissues spatially and functionally. Protons (hydrogen nuclei) are widely used to create images because of their abundance in water molecules, which comprise >80% of most soft tissues. The contrast of proton MRI images depends mainly on the density of the nucleus (proton spins), the relaxation times of the nuclear magnetization (T1, longitudinal; T2, transverse), the magnetic environment of the tissues, and the blood flow to the tissues. However, insufficient contrast between normal and diseased tissues requires the use of contrast agents. Most contrast agents affect the T1 and T2 relaxation of the surrounding nuclei, mainly the protons of water. T2* is the spin–spin relaxation time composed of variations from molecular interactions and intrinsic magnetic heterogeneities of tissues in the magnetic field (<a class="bk_pop" href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.3">3</a>). Cross-linked iron oxide (CLIO) and other iron oxide formulations affect T2 primarily and lead to a decreased signal.</p><p>A multimodal nanoparticle probe that consists of a contrast agent and a NIR fluorochrome may provide consistent information. CLIO nanoparticles can be internalized by cells of the reticuloendothelial system and have long circulating times <i>in vivo</i>. The blood half-life of CLIO is ~10 h in mice (<a class="bk_pop" href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.4">4</a>). The accumulation of nanoparticles in cells causes a reduction in signal intensity with T2-weighted (T2*W) spin-echo pulse sequences. NIR fluorochromes (e.g., Cy5.5) provide an improved optical (NIR) signal from tissue. CLIO-Cy5.5 has been developed as a multimodal probe for imaging (<a class="bk_pop" href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.5">5</a>).</p><p>Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have a median survival of 6 months and a 5-year survival rate of only 3% (<a class="bk_pop" href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.6">6</a>). PDAC is an aggressive cancer with early metastasis in >80% of patients. A method for early detection would be particularly useful for monitoring people at high risk of developing pancreatic cancer. Using phage display screenings, the linear peptide Lys-Thr-Leu-Leu-Pro-Thr-Pro (Plectin-1 targeting peptide, PTP) (<a class="bk_pop" href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.7">7</a>) has been found to specifically bind to Plectin-1, a cytoskeletal protein (<a class="bk_pop" href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.8" data-bk-pop-others="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.9">8, 9</a>) that is present both inside and on the membrane of human and mouse PDAC cells but only on the inside of normal pancreatic cells. Kelly et al. (<a class="bk_pop" href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.7">7</a>) conjugated PTP to CLIO-Cy5.5 to image Plectin-1 expression in PDAC. PTP-CLIO-Cy5.5 is a multimodal agent that consists of CLIO (MRI) and Cy5.5 (NIR imaging).</p><div id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.Related_Resource_Links"><h3>Related Resource Links:</h3><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Chapters in MICAD (<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=books&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=Plectin-1%5BAll+Fields%5D+AND+micad%5Bbook%5D" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Plectin-1</a>)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Gene information in NCBI (<a href="/gene/5339" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Plectin-1</a>).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Articles in Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) (<a href="/omim/601282" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Plectin-1</a>)</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.Synthesis"><h2 id="_KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55_Synthesis_">Synthesis</h2><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=PTP%20CLIO%20cy5%20and%20synthesis" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>The synthesis of PTP-CLIO-Cy5.5 was described by Kelly et al. (<a class="bk_pop" href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.7">7</a>). The amino-CLIO was labeled with Cy5.5-monofunctional <i>N</i>-hydroxysuccinimide ester to yield CLIO-Cy5.5, which had a diameter of 39 nm as determined with light scattering and R1 and R2 values of 21 and 63 mM<sup>-1</sup>s<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. CLIO-Cy5.5 was purified with column chromatography and reacted with succinimidyl iodoacetic acid for 15 min. PTP-Cys was conjugated with the activated CLIO-Cy5.5 at room temperature for 1 h to yield the multimodal PTP-CLIO-Cy5.5, which had 3.5 PTP molecules and 2.3 Cy5.5 molecules per nanoparticle as determined with spectrophotometry.</p></div><div id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.In_Vitro_Studies_Testi"><h2 id="_KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55_In_Vitro_Studies_Testi_"><i>In Vitro</i> Studies: Testing in Cells and Tissues</h2><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=PTP%20CLIO%20cy5%20and%20in%20vitro" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>Kelly et al. (<a class="bk_pop" href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.7">7</a>) performed cell-binding assays with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-PTP-phage using human and mouse PDAC cell lines. FITC-PTP-phage and FITC-control phage bound in a similar manner to individual cells with populations of normal human ductal cells. Binding of FITC-PTP-phage to PDAC cells had an average ratio of PTP phage/control phage of 141. Frozen pancreas section studies showed that FITC-PTP-phage bound to PDAC tumor lesions but not to normal regions. Anti–Plectin-1 antibody reduced FITC-PTP-phage binding to PDAC cells by 97%.</p></div><div id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.Animal_Studies"><h2 id="_KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55_Animal_Studies_">Animal Studies</h2><div id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.Rodents"><h3>Rodents</h3><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=PTP%20CLIO%20cy5%20and%20rodentia" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>Kelly et al. (<a class="bk_pop" href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.7">7</a>) performed biodistribution studies in 9-wk-old Kras/p53<sup>L/+</sup> mice, which harbor small, focal PDAC as well as regions of normal pancreas, ductal metaplasia, and fibrosis. Intravital confocal microscopy revealed discrete areas of fluorescence in the abdominal region of these mice 24 h after injection of 15 mg Fe/kg PTP-CLIO-Cy5.5. The <i>in vivo</i> fluorescence correlated with surface reflectance imaging of the excised pancreas where discrete foci of signal were found. In contrast, control peptide-CLIO-Cy5.5 failed to highlight any regions of the pancreas. The PDAC tumors accumulated 3.13% of the injected dose at 24 h. Accumulation in the liver was similar to that of the tumors. The kidney, spleen, and lung showed moderate accumulation, and the muscle, intestine, normal pancreas, heart, and skin showed little to minimal accumulation. Control peptide-CLIO-Cy5.5 accumulated 1.9% of the injected dose in the tumors at 24 h with a tissue distribution pattern similar to PTP-CLIO-Cy5.5. Tumor uptake relative to normal pancreas was 10-fold and 4-fold higher for PTP-CLIO-Cy5.5 and control peptide-CLIO-Cy5.5, respectively. MRI showed a reduction in MR signal in focal regions of the pancreas. Histological analysis confirmed that the loss of signal associated with PTP-CLIO-Cy5.5 uptake occurred primarily in PDAC regions but not in normal regions or regions of ductal metaplasia. Fluorescence microscopy of the sections demonstrated PTP nanoparticle accumulation in areas of PDAC but not in areas of normal pancreas. No blocking experiment was performed.</p></div><div id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.Other_NonPrimate_Mamma"><h3>Other Non-Primate Mammals</h3><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=PTP%20CLIO%20cy5%20and%20%28dog%20or%20pig%20or%20sheep%20or%20rabbit%29" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No publication is currently available.</p></div><div id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.NonHuman_Primates"><h3>Non-Human Primates</h3><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=PTP%20CLIO%20cy5%20and%20%28primate%20not%20human%29" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No publication is currently available.</p></div></div><div id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.Human_Studies"><h2 id="_KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55_Human_Studies_">Human Studies</h2><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=PTP%20CLIO%20cy5%20and%20human" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No publication is currently available.</p></div><div id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.NIH_Support"><h2 id="_KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55_NIH_Support_">NIH Support</h2><p>RO1 CA104647, PO1 CA117969, P50 CA86355</p></div><div id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.References"><h2 id="_KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55_References_">References</h2><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.1">Achilefu S.
|
||
<em>Lighting up tumors with receptor-specific optical molecular probes.</em>
|
||
<span><span class="ref-journal">Technol Cancer Res Treat. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">3</span>(4):393–409.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15270591" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15270591</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>2.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.2">Ntziachristos V., Bremer C., Weissleder R.
|
||
<em>Fluorescence imaging with near-infrared light: new technological advances that enable in vivo molecular imaging.</em>
|
||
<span><span class="ref-journal">Eur Radiol. </span>2003;<span class="ref-vol">13</span>(1):195–208.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12541130" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12541130</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>3.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.3">Wang Y.X., Hussain S.M., Krestin G.P.
|
||
<em>Superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agents: physicochemical characteristics and applications in MR imaging.</em>
|
||
<span><span class="ref-journal">Eur Radiol. </span>2001;<span class="ref-vol">11</span>(11):2319–31.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11702180" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11702180</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>4.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.4">Wunderbaldinger P., Josephson L., Bremer C., Moore A., Weissleder R.
|
||
<em>Detection of lymph node metastases by contrast-enhanced MRI in an experimental model.</em>
|
||
<span><span class="ref-journal">Magn Reson Med. </span>2002;<span class="ref-vol">47</span>(2):292–7.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11810672" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11810672</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>5.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.5">Kircher M.F., Weissleder R., Josephson L.
|
||
<em>A dual fluorochrome probe for imaging proteases.</em>
|
||
<span><span class="ref-journal">Bioconjug Chem. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">15</span>(2):242–8.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15025519" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15025519</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>6.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.6">Li D., Xie K., Wolff R., Abbruzzese J.L.
|
||
<em>Pancreatic cancer.</em>
|
||
<span><span class="ref-journal">Lancet. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">363</span>(9414):1049–57.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15051286" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15051286</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>7.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.7">Kelly K.A., Bardeesy N., Anbazhagan R., Gurumurthy S., Berger J., Alencar H., Depinho R.A., Mahmood U., Weissleder R.
|
||
<em>Targeted nanoparticles for imaging incipient pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.</em>
|
||
<span><span class="ref-journal">PLoS Med. </span>2008;<span class="ref-vol">5</span>(4):e85.</span> [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2292750/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2292750</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18416599" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18416599</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>8.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.8">Andra K., Kornacker I., Jorgl A., Zorer M., Spazierer D., Fuchs P., Fischer I., Wiche G.
|
||
<em>Plectin-isoform-specific rescue of hemidesmosomal defects in plectin (-/-) keratinocytes.</em>
|
||
<span><span class="ref-journal">J Invest Dermatol. </span>2003;<span class="ref-vol">120</span>(2):189–97.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12542521" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12542521</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>9.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.REF.9">Sonnenberg A., Liem R.K.
|
||
<em>Plakins in development and disease.</em>
|
||
<span><span class="ref-journal">Exp Cell Res. </span>2007;<span class="ref-vol">313</span>(10):2189–203.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17499243" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17499243</span></a>]</div></dd></dl></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="post-content"><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK23437</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20641636" title="PubMed record of this page" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">20641636</a></span></div><div style="margin-top:2em" class="bk_noprnt"><a class="bk_cntns" href="/books/n/micad/">Contents</a><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><a class="active page_link prev" href="/books/n/micad/IPL-NP/" title="Previous page in this title">< Prev</a><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/micad/siSurvivinCLIO/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div></div>
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<div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Views</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PDF_download" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="/books/NBK23437/?report=reader">PubReader</a></li><li><a href="/books/NBK23437/?report=printable">Print View</a></li><li><a data-jig="ncbidialog" href="#_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK23437" data-jigconfig="width:400,modal:true">Cite this Page</a><div id="_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK23437" style="display:none" title="Cite this Page"><div class="bk_tt">Leung K. Lys-Thr-Leu-Leu-Pro-Thr-Pro-cross-linked iron oxide-Cy5.5. 2008 Aug 8 [Updated 2011 Feb 22]. In: Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2013. <span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></div></div></li><li><a href="/books/NBK23437/pdf/Bookshelf_NBK23437.pdf">PDF version of this page</a> (133K)</li><li><a href="/books/n/micad/toc/bin/micad.csv">MICAD summary (CSV file)</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>In this page</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="page-toc" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.Background" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Background</a></li><li><a href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.Synthesis" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Synthesis</a></li><li><a href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.In_Vitro_Studies_Testi" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage"><i>In Vitro</i> Studies: Testing in Cells and Tissues</a></li><li><a href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.Animal_Studies" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Animal Studies</a></li><li><a href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.Human_Studies" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Human Studies</a></li><li><a href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.NIH_Support" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">NIH Support</a></li><li><a href="#KTLLPTP-CLIO-Cy55.References" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">References</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Search MICAD</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="source-application" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><form xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" name="frmSearch" method="get" action="/books/NBK5330/" id="frmSearch"><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc//js/bookshelf/micad.js">/**/</script><label class="offscreen_noflow" for="txtfield">Search term</label><input id="txtfield" type="text" name="f1_term" size="22" onKeyPress="KeyPress('micad',event,'/books/NBK5330/','')" /><button name="f1_search" type="submit">Go</button><button onclick="this.form.reset();" type="reset">Clear</button><p><b>Limit my Search:</b></p><div class="clearfix"><label for="detection">Method of detection:</label><div class="right"><select name="detection" id="detection" style="width:200px"><option value="" selected="selected">Any</option><option value="(MRI OR "Magnetic resonance imaging" OR MRS)">MRI</option><option value="Multimodal">Multimodal imaging</option><option value="Optical">Optical imaging</option><option value="PET">PET</option><option value="Photoacoustic">Photoacoustic imaging</option><option value="(SPECT OR planar)">SPECT</option><option value="Ultrasound">Ultrasound</option><option value="(x-ray OR ct)">X-ray, CT</option></select></div></div><div class="clearfix"><label for="signal">Source of signal/contrast:</label><div class="right"><select name="signal" id="signal" style="width:200px"><option value="" selected="selected">Any</option><optgroup label="MRI agents"><option value="(Copper OR Cu)">Copper</option><option value="(Europium OR Eu3+)">Europium</option><option value="(Fluorine OR 19F)">Fluorine</option><option value="(Gadolinium OR Gd3+)">Gadolinium</option><option value=""Hyperpolarized 13C"">Hyperpolarized 13C</option><option value=""Iron oxide"">Iron oxide</option><option value=""Nitroxide radicals"">Nitroxide radicals</option><option value="(Oxygen OR 17O)">Oxygen</option><option value="Thulium">Thulium</option></optgroup><optgroup label="Multimodal agents"><option value="((Gadolinium OR Gd3+) AND Optical)">Gadolinium and optical</option><option value="((Gadolinium OR Gd3+) AND (Gold OR Au))">Gadolinium and Gold</option><option value="("Iron oxide" AND (64Cu OR 124I OR 111In))">Iron oxide and
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