518 lines
No EOL
77 KiB
HTML
518 lines
No EOL
77 KiB
HTML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
|
||
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
|
||
|
||
<head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
||
<!-- AppResources meta begin -->
|
||
<meta name="paf-app-resources" content="" />
|
||
<script type="text/javascript">var ncbi_startTime = new Date();</script>
|
||
|
||
<!-- AppResources meta end -->
|
||
|
||
<!-- TemplateResources meta begin -->
|
||
<meta name="paf_template" content="" />
|
||
|
||
<!-- TemplateResources meta end -->
|
||
|
||
<!-- Logger begin -->
|
||
<meta name="ncbi_db" content="books" /><meta name="ncbi_pdid" content="book-part" /><meta name="ncbi_acc" content="NBK23400" /><meta name="ncbi_domain" content="micad" /><meta name="ncbi_report" content="record" /><meta name="ncbi_type" content="fulltext" /><meta name="ncbi_objectid" content="" /><meta name="ncbi_pcid" content="/NBK23400/" /><meta name="ncbi_pagename" content="[99mTc]-Mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericincarboxamide - Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) - NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="ncbi_bookparttype" content="chapter" /><meta name="ncbi_app" content="bookshelf" />
|
||
<!-- Logger end -->
|
||
|
||
<title>[99mTc]-Mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericincarboxamide - Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
|
||
|
||
<!-- AppResources external_resources begin -->
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/core/jig/1.15.2/css/jig.min.css" /><script type="text/javascript" src="/core/jig/1.15.2/js/jig.min.js"></script>
|
||
|
||
<!-- AppResources external_resources end -->
|
||
|
||
<!-- Page meta begin -->
|
||
<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE" /><meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]" /><meta name="citation_title" content="[99mTc]-Mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericincarboxamide" /><meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)" /><meta name="citation_date" content="2008/03/25" /><meta name="citation_author" content="Arvind Chopra" /><meta name="citation_pmid" content="20641601" /><meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK23400/" /><link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="[99mTc]-Mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericincarboxamide" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)" /><meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Arvind Chopra" /><meta name="DC.Date" content="2008/03/25" /><meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK23400/" /><meta name="description" content="Hypericin, a polycyclic polyaromatic quinone with photosensitive properties, is found in the Saint John's wort plant (Hypericum perforatum), has a chemical structure that is similar to some porphyrin derivatives, and has been investigated for the photodynamic detection, diagnosis, and treatment of various cancers (1, 2). Because porphyrins bind in vitro primarily to the necrotic tissue found in neoplastic tumors, investigators have evaluated the use of hypericin derivatives labeled with radioactive iodine (123I), such as mono-[123I]iodohypericin ([123I]MIH) and mono-[123I]iodohypericin monocarboxylic acid ([123I]MIHA), for the detection of necrotic tissue in the myocardium after an acute myocardial infarction and in the necrosed liver (3-7). Although the 123I-labeled derivatives of hypericin were shown to be suitable for the detection of necrotic tissue, Fonge et al. thought a technetium (99mTc)-labeled derivative of hypericin would be more suitable for the imaging of necrosed tissue because this radio-metal has better availability than 123I (8)." /><meta name="og:title" content="[99mTc]-Mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericincarboxamide" /><meta name="og:type" content="book" /><meta name="og:description" content="Hypericin, a polycyclic polyaromatic quinone with photosensitive properties, is found in the Saint John's wort plant (Hypericum perforatum), has a chemical structure that is similar to some porphyrin derivatives, and has been investigated for the photodynamic detection, diagnosis, and treatment of various cancers (1, 2). Because porphyrins bind in vitro primarily to the necrotic tissue found in neoplastic tumors, investigators have evaluated the use of hypericin derivatives labeled with radioactive iodine (123I), such as mono-[123I]iodohypericin ([123I]MIH) and mono-[123I]iodohypericin monocarboxylic acid ([123I]MIHA), for the detection of necrotic tissue in the myocardium after an acute myocardial infarction and in the necrosed liver (3-7). Although the 123I-labeled derivatives of hypericin were shown to be suitable for the detection of necrotic tissue, Fonge et al. thought a technetium (99mTc)-labeled derivative of hypericin would be more suitable for the imaging of necrosed tissue because this radio-metal has better availability than 123I (8)." /><meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK23400/" /><meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-micad-lrg.png" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /><meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks" /><meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/micad/Hypericin99mTc/" /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK23400/" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/figpopup.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_print.min.css" type="text/css" media="print" /><style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} .body-content h2, .body-content .h2 {border-bottom: 1px solid #97B0C8} .body-content h2.inline {border-bottom: none} a.page-toc-label , .jig-ncbismoothscroll a {text-decoration:none;border:0 !important} .temp-labeled-list .graphic {display:inline-block !important} .temp-labeled-list img{width:100%}</style><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.hoverIntent.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/common.min.js?_=3.18"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/large-obj-scrollbars.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript">window.name="mainwindow";</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/book-toc.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/books.min.js"> </script><meta name="book-collection" content="NONE" />
|
||
|
||
<!-- Page meta end -->
|
||
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/favicon.ico" /><meta name="ncbi_phid" content="CE8E69737D63EE610000000000C300AC.m_13" />
|
||
<meta name='referrer' content='origin-when-cross-origin'/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/css/3852956/3985586/3808861/4121862/3974050/3917732/251717/4216701/14534/45193/4113719/3849091/3984811/3751656/4033350/3840896/3577051/3852958/4008682/4207974/4206132/4062871/12930/3964959/3854974/36029/4128070/9685/3549676/3609192/3609193/3609213/3395586.css" /><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/css/3411343/3882866.css" media="print" /></head>
|
||
<body class="book-part">
|
||
<div class="grid">
|
||
<div class="col twelve_col nomargin shadow">
|
||
<!-- System messages like service outage or JS required; this is handled by the TemplateResources portlet -->
|
||
<div class="sysmessages">
|
||
<noscript>
|
||
<p class="nojs">
|
||
<strong>Warning:</strong>
|
||
The NCBI web site requires JavaScript to function.
|
||
<a href="/guide/browsers/#enablejs" title="Learn how to enable JavaScript" target="_blank">more...</a>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</noscript>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!--/.sysmessage-->
|
||
<div class="wrap">
|
||
<div class="page">
|
||
<div class="top">
|
||
<div id="universal_header">
|
||
<section class="usa-banner">
|
||
<div class="usa-accordion">
|
||
<header class="usa-banner-header">
|
||
<div class="usa-grid usa-banner-inner">
|
||
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png" alt="U.S. flag" />
|
||
<p>An official website of the United States government</p>
|
||
<button class="non-usa-accordion-button usa-banner-button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-top" type="button">
|
||
<span class="usa-banner-button-text">Here's how you know</span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div class="usa-banner-content usa-grid usa-accordion-content" id="gov-banner-top" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-gov usa-width-one-half">
|
||
<img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" alt="Dot gov" />
|
||
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
|
||
<p>
|
||
<strong>The .gov means it's official.</strong>
|
||
<br />
|
||
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before
|
||
sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal
|
||
government site.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-ssl usa-width-one-half">
|
||
<img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg" alt="Https" />
|
||
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
|
||
<p>
|
||
<strong>The site is secure.</strong>
|
||
<br />
|
||
The <strong>https://</strong> ensures that you are connecting to the
|
||
official website and that any information you provide is encrypted
|
||
and transmitted securely.
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<div class="usa-overlay"></div>
|
||
<header class="ncbi-header" role="banner" data-section="Header">
|
||
|
||
<div class="usa-grid">
|
||
<div class="usa-width-one-whole">
|
||
|
||
<div class="ncbi-header__logo">
|
||
<a href="/" class="logo" aria-label="NCBI Logo" data-ga-action="click_image" data-ga-label="NIH NLM Logo">
|
||
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg" alt="NIH NLM Logo" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="ncbi-header__account">
|
||
<a id="account_login" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-button header-button" style="display:none" data-ga-action="open_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu">Log in</a>
|
||
<button id="account_info" class="header-button" style="display:none" aria-controls="account_popup" type="button">
|
||
<span class="fa fa-user" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="20px" height="20px">
|
||
<g style="fill: #fff">
|
||
<ellipse cx="12" cy="8" rx="5" ry="6"></ellipse>
|
||
<path d="M21.8,19.1c-0.9-1.8-2.6-3.3-4.8-4.2c-0.6-0.2-1.3-0.2-1.8,0.1c-1,0.6-2,0.9-3.2,0.9s-2.2-0.3-3.2-0.9 C8.3,14.8,7.6,14.7,7,15c-2.2,0.9-3.9,2.4-4.8,4.2C1.5,20.5,2.6,22,4.1,22h15.8C21.4,22,22.5,20.5,21.8,19.1z"></path>
|
||
</g>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="username desktop-only" aria-hidden="true" id="uname_short"></span>
|
||
<span class="sr-only">Show account info</span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="ncbi-popup-anchor">
|
||
<div class="ncbi-popup account-popup" id="account_popup" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="ncbi-popup-head">
|
||
<button class="ncbi-close-button" data-ga-action="close_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu" type="button">
|
||
<span class="fa fa-times">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 48 48" width="24px" height="24px">
|
||
<path d="M38 12.83l-2.83-2.83-11.17 11.17-11.17-11.17-2.83 2.83 11.17 11.17-11.17 11.17 2.83 2.83 11.17-11.17 11.17 11.17 2.83-2.83-11.17-11.17z"></path>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="usa-sr-only">Close</span></button>
|
||
<h4>Account</h4>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="account-user-info">
|
||
Logged in as:<br />
|
||
<b><span class="username" id="uname_long">username</span></b>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="account-links">
|
||
<ul class="usa-unstyled-list">
|
||
<li><a id="account_myncbi" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_myncbi">Dashboard</a></li>
|
||
<li><a id="account_pubs" href="/myncbi/collections/bibliography/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_pubs">Publications</a></li>
|
||
<li><a id="account_settings" href="/account/settings/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_settings">Account settings</a></li>
|
||
<li><a id="account_logout" href="/account/signout/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_logout">Log out</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div role="navigation" aria-label="access keys">
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_0" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="0" tabindex="-1">Access keys</a>
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_1" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="1" tabindex="-1">NCBI Homepage</a>
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_2" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url usa-sr-only" accesskey="2" tabindex="-1">MyNCBI Homepage</a>
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_3" href="#maincontent" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="3" tabindex="-1">Main Content</a>
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_4" href="#" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="4" tabindex="-1">Main Navigation</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<section data-section="Alerts">
|
||
<div class="ncbi-alerts-placeholder"></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="header">
|
||
<div class="res_logo"><h1 class="res_name"><a href="/books/" title="Bookshelf home">Bookshelf</a></h1><h2 class="res_tagline"></h2></div>
|
||
<div class="search"><form method="get" action="/books/"><div class="search_form"><label for="database" class="offscreen_noflow">Search database</label><select id="database"><optgroup label="Recent"><option value="books" selected="selected" data-ac_dict="bookshelf-search">Books</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="clinvar">ClinVar</option><option value="refseq" class="last">RefSeq</option></optgroup><optgroup label="All"><option value="gquery">All Databases</option><option value="assembly">Assembly</option><option value="biocollections">Biocollections</option><option value="bioproject">BioProject</option><option value="biosample">BioSample</option><option value="books" data-ac_dict="bookshelf-search">Books</option><option value="clinvar">ClinVar</option><option value="cdd">Conserved Domains</option><option value="gap">dbGaP</option><option value="dbvar">dbVar</option><option value="gene">Gene</option><option value="genome">Genome</option><option value="gds">GEO DataSets</option><option value="geoprofiles">GEO Profiles</option><option value="gtr">GTR</option><option value="ipg">Identical Protein Groups</option><option value="medgen">MedGen</option><option value="mesh">MeSH</option><option value="nlmcatalog">NLM Catalog</option><option value="nuccore">Nucleotide</option><option value="omim">OMIM</option><option value="pmc">PMC</option><option value="protein">Protein</option><option value="proteinclusters">Protein Clusters</option><option value="protfam">Protein Family Models</option><option value="pcassay">PubChem BioAssay</option><option value="pccompound">PubChem Compound</option><option value="pcsubstance">PubChem Substance</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="snp">SNP</option><option value="sra">SRA</option><option value="structure">Structure</option><option value="taxonomy">Taxonomy</option><option value="toolkit">ToolKit</option><option value="toolkitall">ToolKitAll</option><option value="toolkitbookgh">ToolKitBookgh</option></optgroup></select><div class="nowrap"><label for="term" class="offscreen_noflow" accesskey="/">Search term</label><div class="nowrap"><input type="text" name="term" id="term" title="Search Books. Use up and down arrows to choose an item from the autocomplete." value="" class="jig-ncbiclearbutton jig-ncbiautocomplete" data-jigconfig="dictionary:'bookshelf-search',disableUrl:'NcbiSearchBarAutoComplCtrl'" autocomplete="off" data-sbconfig="ds:'no',pjs:'no',afs:'no'" /></div><button id="search" type="submit" class="button_search nowrap" cmd="go">Search</button></div></div></form><ul class="searchlinks inline_list"><li>
|
||
<a href="/books/browse/">Browse Titles</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/books/advanced/">Advanced</a>
|
||
</li><li class="help">
|
||
<a href="/books/NBK3833/">Help</a>
|
||
</li><li class="disclaimer">
|
||
<a target="_blank" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="link_click" data-ga-label="disclaimer_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/about/disclaimer/">Disclaimer</a>
|
||
</li></ul></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!--<component id="Page" label="headcontent"/>-->
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<!-- site messages -->
|
||
<!-- Custom content 1 -->
|
||
<div class="col1">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="container">
|
||
<div id="maincontent" class="content eight_col col">
|
||
<!-- Custom content in the left column above book nav -->
|
||
<div class="col2">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Book content -->
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- Custom content between navigation and content -->
|
||
<div class="col3">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="document">
|
||
<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2013. </p></div><div class="iconblock clearfix whole_rhythm no_top_margin bk_noprnt"><a class="img_link icnblk_img" title="Table of Contents Page" href="/books/n/micad/"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-micad-lrg.png" alt="Cover of Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD)" height="100px" width="80px" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt eight_col"><h2>Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet].</h2><a data-jig="ncbitoggler" href="#__NBK23400_dtls__">Show details</a><div style="display:none" class="ui-widget" id="__NBK23400_dtls__"><div>Bethesda (MD): <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)</a>; 2004-2013.</div></div><div class="half_rhythm"><ul class="inline_list"><li style="margin-right:1em"><a class="bk_cntns" href="/books/n/micad/">Contents</a></li></ul></div><div class="bk_noprnt"><form method="get" action="/books/n/micad/" id="bk_srch"><div class="bk_search"><label for="bk_term" class="offscreen_noflow">Search term</label><input type="text" title="Search this book" id="bk_term" name="term" value="" data-jig="ncbiclearbutton" /> <input type="submit" class="jig-ncbibutton" value="Search this book" submit="false" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;" /></div></form></div></div><div class="icnblk_cntnt two_col"><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><a class="active page_link prev" href="/books/n/micad/MAG3ASON99mTc/" title="Previous page in this title">< Prev</a><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/micad/DMSA99mTc/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK23400_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">[<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-Mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericincarboxamide</span></h1><div itemprop="alternativeHeadline" class="subtitle whole_rhythm">[<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-Hypericin</div><p class="contrib-group"><span itemprop="author">Arvind Chopra</span>, PhD.</p><a data-jig="ncbitoggler" href="#__NBK23400_ai__" style="border:0;text-decoration:none">Author Information and Affiliations</a><div style="display:none" class="ui-widget" id="__NBK23400_ai__"><div class="contrib half_rhythm"><span itemprop="author">Arvind Chopra</span>, PhD<div class="affiliation small">National Center for Biotechnology Information, NLM, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894<div><span class="email-label">Email: </span><a href="mailto:dev@null" data-email="vog.mln.ibcn@dacim" class="oemail">vog.mln.ibcn@dacim</a></div></div></div></div><p class="small">Created: <span itemprop="datePublished">February 26, 2008</span>; Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">March 25, 2008</span>.</p></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><div id="Hypericin99mTc.Tc" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK23400/table/Hypericin99mTc.Tc/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__Hypericin99mTc.Tc_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td scope="row" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Chemical name:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">[<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-Mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericincarboxamide</td><td rowspan="9" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">
|
||
<a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/48440526" title="View this structure in PubChem" class="img_link" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubchem"><img src="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/image/imgsrv.fcgi?t=l&sid=48440526" alt="image 48440526 in the ncbi pubchem database" /></a>
|
||
</td></tr><tr><td scope="row" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Abbreviated name:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">[<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-Hypericin</td></tr><tr><td scope="row" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Synonym:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">[<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-13</td></tr><tr><td scope="row" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Agent Category:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Compound</td></tr><tr><td scope="row" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Target:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Necrotic tissue</td></tr><tr><td scope="row" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Target Category:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Binding to unknown cell membrane component(s)</td></tr><tr><td scope="row" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Method of detection:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Single-photon emission computed tomography, planar gamma imaging</td></tr><tr><td scope="row" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Source of Signal/Contrast:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">[<sup>99m</sup>Tc]</td></tr><tr><td scope="row" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Activation:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No</td></tr><tr><td scope="row" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<b>Studies:</b>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
||
<ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
||
<img alt="Checkbox" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/studies.checkbox.png" />
|
||
<i>In vitro</i>
|
||
|
||
</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
||
<img alt="Checkbox" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/studies.checkbox.png" /> Rodents
|
||
</div></li></ul>
|
||
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Click on the above structure for additional information in <a href="http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubChem</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div id="Hypericin99mTc.Background"><h2 id="_Hypericin99mTc_Background_">Background</h2><p>[<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=pubmed&details_term=%22SUBSTANCENAME%22%5BSubstance%20Name%5D" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>Hypericin, a polycyclic polyaromatic quinone with photosensitive properties, is found in the Saint John's wort plant (<i>Hypericum perforatum</i>), has a chemical structure that is similar to some porphyrin derivatives, and has been investigated for the photodynamic detection, diagnosis, and treatment of various cancers (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.1" data-bk-pop-others="Hypericin99mTc.REF.2">1, 2</a>). Because porphyrins bind <i>in vitro</i> primarily to the necrotic tissue found in neoplastic tumors, investigators have evaluated the use of hypericin derivatives labeled with radioactive iodine (<sup>123</sup>I), such as mono-[<sup>123</sup>I]iodohypericin ([<sup>123</sup>I]MIH) and mono-[<sup>123</sup>I]iodohypericin monocarboxylic acid ([<sup>123</sup>I]MIHA), for the detection of necrotic tissue in the myocardium after an acute myocardial infarction and in the necrosed liver (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.3" data-bk-pop-others="Hypericin99mTc.REF.4 Hypericin99mTc.REF.5 Hypericin99mTc.REF.6 Hypericin99mTc.REF.7">3-7</a>). Although the <sup>123</sup>I-labeled derivatives of hypericin were shown to be suitable for the detection of necrotic tissue, Fonge et al. thought a technetium (<sup>99m</sup>Tc)-labeled derivative of hypericin would be more suitable for the imaging of necrosed tissue because this radio-metal has better availability than <sup>123</sup>I (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.8">8</a>).</p><p>To achieve the labeling of hypericin with <sup>99m</sup>Tc, hypericin was first conjugated to a bifunctional chelating agent, mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene, and then it was linked to the tracer metal to obtain [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericin carboxamide, designated as <sup>99m</sup>Tc-13 by the investigators (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.8">8</a>). The labeled compound was subsequently investigated for biodistribution in normal mice and evaluated for the detection of necrotic tissue in rats with a reperfused hepatic infarct.</p></div><div id="Hypericin99mTc.Synthesis"><h2 id="_Hypericin99mTc_Synthesis_">Synthesis</h2><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=99mTc+labeled+hypericin+synthesis" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>The synthesis of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-labeled hypericin was detailed by Fonge et al. (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.8">8</a>). Briefly, <i>S</i>-benzoylmercaptoacetylglycylglycine and <i>N</i>-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) were dissolved in methylene chloride (MC) and dimethylformamide (DMF) and cooled to 0°C; <i>N</i>,<i>N'</i>-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in MC was added dropwise to the solution. The mixture was stirred for 1 h at 0°C and for another 16 h at room temperature (RT). The resulting precipitate was washed with a MC/DMF mixture, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain <i>N</i>-succinimidyl-<i>S</i>-benzoylmecrcaptoacetylglycylglycine. The benzoylmercaptoacetyl compound was recrystallized from ethyl acetate as a white powder with 84% yield.</p><p>A solution of the benzoylmercaptoacetyl compound in tetrahydrofuran (THF) was added to a mixture of <i>N</i>-di-tertiary-butyldicarbonate-1,5-diaminopentane and triethylamine also in THF and stirred overnight at RT. The solvent was evaporated from the mixture and water was added, resulting in the formation of a white precipitate, <i>S</i>-benzoylmercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1-amino-5-<i>N</i>-di-tertiary-butyldicarbonate-aminopentane, with a yield of 93.3%. The aminopentane was dissolved in trifluoroacetic acid in a flask under nitrogen at –5°C and stirred at this temperature for 20 min, followed by stirring at RT for another 40 min. The trifluoroacetic acid was evaporated azeotropically under reduced pressure with hexane to obtain a brown oil. Upon addition of acetonitrile to the oil, a precipitate, <i>S</i>-benzoylmercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentane, was obtained.</p><p>Protohypericin monocarboxylic acid was obtained as described by Fonge et al. (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.8">8</a>), dissolved in THF along with NHS, and cooled to 0°C. Subsequently <i>N,N’</i>-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in THF was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred at 0°C for 1 h and then overnight at RT. The dicyclohexyl urea was filtered, and the filtrate was evaporated to yield a dark purple compound, <i>N</i>-succinimidyl protohypericin monocarboxylic acid, with a yield of 70%.</p><p>The monocarboxylic acid and diisopropylethylamine were dissolved in THF, and a solution of <i>S</i>-benzoylmercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentane in DMF was added to it. The mixture was stirred for 15 h at RT, and the solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure to yield a crude <i>S</i>-benzoylmercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene protohypericin-carboxamide. The carboxamide was purified with reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with a yield of 60%.</p><p>Removal of the <i>S</i>-benzoyl protecting group, followed by the <sup>99m</sup>Tc-labeling of <i>S</i>-benzoylmercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene protohypericin-carboxamide, was performed in a single reaction vial (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.8">8</a>). For this, the carboxamide was dissolved in ethanol and buffered with phosphate buffer to pH 10.0; this was followed by the consecutive addition of sodium-potassium tartrate, stannous chloride dihydride, and sodium pertechnetate (TcO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>). The mixture was heated at 100°C for 20 min and irradiated for 30 min with a 400-W halogen lamp to obtain [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-hypericin. The labeled hypericin was then purified with RP-HPLC. The solvents were evaporated at 40°C with a gentle flush of nitrogen, and [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-hypericin was formulated in water/polyethylene glycol 400 for biodistribution studies. The specific activity, radiochemical yield and purity, and stability of [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-hypericin were not provided by the investigators (although the publication mentioned that the stability of [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-hypericin was determined at various time points with RP-HPLC) (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.8">8</a>).</p></div><div id="Hypericin99mTc.In_Vitro_Studies_Testing"><h2 id="_Hypericin99mTc_In_Vitro_Studies_Testing_"><i>In Vitro</i> Studies: Testing in Cells and Tissues</h2><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=99mTc+hypericin+in+vitro" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No references are currently available.</p></div><div id="Hypericin99mTc.Animal_Studies"><h2 id="_Hypericin99mTc_Animal_Studies_">Animal Studies</h2><div id="Hypericin99mTc.Rodents"><h3>Rodents</h3><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=99mTc+hypericin+rodentia" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>The biodistribution of [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-hypericin was investigated in normal Naval Medical Research Institute mice (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.8">8</a>). The animals were injected with the radiochemical through the tail vein and euthanized 30 min, 4 h, and 24 h after injection (<i>n</i> = 4 animals per time point). The organs were removed and weighed, and the radioactivity in all organs, including blood, was counted. The label was slowly cleared through the hepatobiliary route, which resulted in the appearance of 33% and 63% of the injected dose (% ID) in the intestines at 4 h and 24 h after injection, respectively. Blood clearance of [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-hypericin was reported to be rapid with only 0.5% ID/g remaining at 30 min after injection. This indicated that the radiocompound had a faster clearance rate than the previously published <sup>123</sup>I-labeled hypericin derivatives (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.4" data-bk-pop-others="Hypericin99mTc.REF.5 Hypericin99mTc.REF.6">4-6</a>). Similar to [<sup>123</sup>I]MIH and [<sup>123</sup>I]MIHA, the uptake of [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-hypericin was observed to be high in the liver, but the <sup>99m</sup>Tc derivative was cleared faster from this organ than the <sup>123</sup>I-labeled compounds (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.4" data-bk-pop-others="Hypericin99mTc.REF.5 Hypericin99mTc.REF.6 Hypericin99mTc.REF.8">4-6, 8</a>). Little clearance of [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-hypericin was detected through the urinary route.</p><p>The visualization of necrotic tissue with [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-hypericin was performed in rats (<i>n</i> = 4 animals) with reperfused hepatic infarction (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.8">8</a>). The animals were injected with [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-hypericin through the tail vein and euthanized 4 h and 24 h after injection (<i>n</i> = 2 animals per time point). The livers were removed from the animals, and the necrotic and viable tissues were separated, thoroughly washed with saline, and frozen. Serial sections of the frozen tissue were cut and mounted on slides for autoradiography, after which the samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for microscopic confirmation of the presence of necrotic tissue. Uptake of the label by both the necrotic tissues and viable tissues was also confirmed by gamma countingand autoradiography. The ratios of necrotic tissue radioactivity to viable hepatic tissue radioactivity were 0.5 and 0.8 at 4 and 24 h after injection, respectively. These ratios were significantly lower than those seen with [<sup>123</sup>I]MIHA for necrotic or viable liver tissues (<a class="bk_pop" href="#Hypericin99mTc.REF.4" data-bk-pop-others="Hypericin99mTc.REF.8">4, 8</a>). On the basis of the necrotic/non-necrotic tissue uptake ratios, the investigators concluded that chelation of <sup>99m</sup>Tc reduced the affinity of hypericin for necrotic tissue, and that [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]-hypericin was not a suitable agent for the detection of such tissue.</p></div><div id="Hypericin99mTc.Other_NonPrimate_Mammals"><h3>Other Non-Primate Mammals</h3><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=99mTc+hypericin+non+primate+mammals" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No references are currently available.</p></div><div id="Hypericin99mTc.NonHuman_Primates"><h3>Non-Human Primates</h3><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=99mTc+hypericin+non+human+primates" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No references are currently available.</p></div></div><div id="Hypericin99mTc.Human_Studies"><h2 id="_Hypericin99mTc_Human_Studies_">Human Studies</h2><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=99mTc+hypericin+human+studies" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No references are currently available.</p></div><div id="Hypericin99mTc.Supplemental_Information"><h2 id="_Hypericin99mTc_Supplemental_Information_">Supplemental Information</h2><p>[<a href="/books/n/micad/disclaimer/">Disclaimers</a>]</p></div><div id="Hypericin99mTc.References"><h2 id="_Hypericin99mTc_References_">References</h2><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="Hypericin99mTc.REF.1">Kiesslich T., Krammer B., Plaetzer K. Cellular mechanisms and prospective applications of hypericin in photodynamic therapy. <span><span class="ref-journal">Curr Med Chem. </span>2006;<span class="ref-vol">13</span>(18):2189–204.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16918348" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16918348</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>2.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="Hypericin99mTc.REF.2">Zaak D., Karl A., Knuchel R., Stepp H., Hartmann A., Reich O., Bachmann A., Siebels M., Popken G., Stief C. Diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder using fluorescence endoscopy. <span><span class="ref-journal">BJU Int. </span>2005;<span class="ref-vol">96</span>(2):217–22.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16001963" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16001963</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>3.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="Hypericin99mTc.REF.3">Bormans G., Huyghe D., Christiaen A., Verbeke K., de Groot T., Vanbilloen H., de Witte P., Verbruggen A. Preparation, analysis and biodistribution in mice of iodine-123 laballed derivatives of hypericin. . <span><span class="ref-journal">J Label Comp Radiopharm. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">47</span>:191–198.</span></div></dd><dt>4.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="Hypericin99mTc.REF.4">Fonge H., Jin L., Wang H., Ni Y., Bormans G., Verbruggen A. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of mono-[123I]iodohypericin monocarboxylic acid as a necrosis avid imaging agent. <span><span class="ref-journal">Bioorg Med Chem Lett. </span>2007;<span class="ref-vol">17</span>(14):4001–5.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17507220" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17507220</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>5.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="Hypericin99mTc.REF.5">Fonge H., Van de Putte M., Huyghe D., Bormans G., Ni Y., de Witte P., Verbruggen A. Evaluation of tumor affinity of mono-[(123)I]iodohypericin and mono-[(123)I]iodoprotohypericin in a mouse model with a RIF-1 tumor. <span><span class="ref-journal">Contrast Media Mol Imaging. </span>2007;<span class="ref-vol">2</span>(3):113–9.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17546702" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17546702</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>6.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="Hypericin99mTc.REF.6">Fonge H., Vunckx K., Wang H., Feng Y., Mortelmans L., Nuyts J., Bormans G., Verbruggen A., Ni Y. Non-invasive detection and quantification of acute myocardial infarction in rabbits using mono-[123I]iodohypericin {micro}SPECT. <span><span class="ref-journal">Eur Heart J. </span>2008;<span class="ref-vol">29</span>(2):260–9.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18156139" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18156139</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>7.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="Hypericin99mTc.REF.7">Ni Y., Huyghe D., Verbeke K., de Witte P.A., Nuyts J., Mortelmans L., Chen F., Marchal G., Verbruggen A.M., Bormans G.M. First preclinical evaluation of mono-[123I]iodohypericin as a necrosis-avid tracer agent. <span><span class="ref-journal">Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. </span>2006;<span class="ref-vol">33</span>(5):595–601.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16450141" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16450141</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>8.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="Hypericin99mTc.REF.8">Fonge H., Jin L., Wang H., Bormans G., Ni Y., Verbruggen A. Synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of a 99mTc-labeled hypericin derivative as a necrosis avid imaging agent. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Label Comp Radiopharm. </span>2008;<span class="ref-vol">51</span>:33–40.</span></div></dd></dl></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="post-content"><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK23400</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20641601" title="PubMed record of this page" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">20641601</a></span></div><div style="margin-top:2em" class="bk_noprnt"><a class="bk_cntns" href="/books/n/micad/">Contents</a><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><a class="active page_link prev" href="/books/n/micad/MAG3ASON99mTc/" title="Previous page in this title">< Prev</a><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/micad/DMSA99mTc/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Custom content below content -->
|
||
<div class="col4">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- Book content -->
|
||
|
||
<!-- Custom contetnt below bottom nav -->
|
||
<div class="col5">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="rightcolumn" class="four_col col last">
|
||
<!-- Custom content above discovery portlets -->
|
||
<div class="col6">
|
||
<div id="ncbi_share_book"><a href="#" class="ncbi_share" data-ncbi_share_config="popup:false,shorten:true" ref="id=NBK23400&db=books">Share</a></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Views</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PDF_download" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="/books/NBK23400/?report=reader">PubReader</a></li><li><a href="/books/NBK23400/?report=printable">Print View</a></li><li><a data-jig="ncbidialog" href="#_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK23400" data-jigconfig="width:400,modal:true">Cite this Page</a><div id="_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK23400" style="display:none" title="Cite this Page"><div class="bk_tt">Chopra A. [99mTc]-Mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericincarboxamide. 2008 Feb 26 [Updated 2008 Mar 25]. In: Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2013. <span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></div></div></li><li><a href="/books/NBK23400/pdf/Bookshelf_NBK23400.pdf">PDF version of this page</a> (138K)</li><li><a href="/books/n/micad/toc/bin/micad.csv">MICAD summary (CSV file)</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>In this page</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="page-toc" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="#Hypericin99mTc.Background" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Background</a></li><li><a href="#Hypericin99mTc.Synthesis" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Synthesis</a></li><li><a href="#Hypericin99mTc.In_Vitro_Studies_Testing" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage"><i>In Vitro</i> Studies: Testing in Cells and Tissues</a></li><li><a href="#Hypericin99mTc.Animal_Studies" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Animal Studies</a></li><li><a href="#Hypericin99mTc.Human_Studies" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Human Studies</a></li><li><a href="#Hypericin99mTc.Supplemental_Information" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Supplemental Information</a></li><li><a href="#Hypericin99mTc.References" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">References</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Search MICAD</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="source-application" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><form xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" name="frmSearch" method="get" action="/books/NBK5330/" id="frmSearch"><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc//js/bookshelf/micad.js">/**/</script><label class="offscreen_noflow" for="txtfield">Search term</label><input id="txtfield" type="text" name="f1_term" size="22" onKeyPress="KeyPress('micad',event,'/books/NBK5330/','')" /><button name="f1_search" type="submit">Go</button><button onclick="this.form.reset();" type="reset">Clear</button><p><b>Limit my Search:</b></p><div class="clearfix"><label for="detection">Method of detection:</label><div class="right"><select name="detection" id="detection" style="width:200px"><option value="" selected="selected">Any</option><option value="(MRI OR "Magnetic resonance imaging" OR MRS)">MRI</option><option value="Multimodal">Multimodal imaging</option><option value="Optical">Optical imaging</option><option value="PET">PET</option><option value="Photoacoustic">Photoacoustic imaging</option><option value="(SPECT OR planar)">SPECT</option><option value="Ultrasound">Ultrasound</option><option value="(x-ray OR ct)">X-ray, CT</option></select></div></div><div class="clearfix"><label for="signal">Source of signal/contrast:</label><div class="right"><select name="signal" id="signal" style="width:200px"><option value="" selected="selected">Any</option><optgroup label="MRI agents"><option value="(Copper OR Cu)">Copper</option><option value="(Europium OR Eu3+)">Europium</option><option value="(Fluorine OR 19F)">Fluorine</option><option value="(Gadolinium OR Gd3+)">Gadolinium</option><option value=""Hyperpolarized 13C"">Hyperpolarized 13C</option><option value=""Iron oxide"">Iron oxide</option><option value=""Nitroxide radicals"">Nitroxide radicals</option><option value="(Oxygen OR 17O)">Oxygen</option><option value="Thulium">Thulium</option></optgroup><optgroup label="Multimodal agents"><option value="((Gadolinium OR Gd3+) AND Optical)">Gadolinium and optical</option><option value="((Gadolinium OR Gd3+) AND (Gold OR Au))">Gadolinium and Gold</option><option value="("Iron oxide" AND (64Cu OR 124I OR 111In))">Iron oxide and
|
||
radionuclides</option><option value="("Iron oxide" AND Optical)">Gadolinium and optical</option><option value="(Optical AND (64Cu OR 111In OR 177Lu))">Optical and
|
||
radionuclides</option><option value="(Perfluorocarbon AND (Europium OR Eu3+))">Perfluorocarbon and
|
||
europium</option><option value="(166Ho OR 67Ga OR 68Ga OR 123I OR 124I OR 125I)">Radionuclides</option></optgroup><optgroup label="Optical agents"><option value="("Fluorescent dyes" OR protein)">Fluorescent dyes or proteins</option><option value=""Luminescent agents"">Luminescent agents</option><option value="(Metals OR Metal OR Gold OR Au)">Metals (Au)</option><option value="Nanotubes">Nanotubes</option><option value=""Quantum dots"">Quantum dots</option></optgroup><optgroup label="PET radionuclides"><option value="("Arsenic 74" OR 74As)">Arsenic-74</option><option value="("Bromine 76" OR 76Br)">Bromine-76</option><option value="("Carbon 11" OR 11C)">Carbon-11</option><option value="(Copper-60 OR Copper-61 OR Copper-62 OR Copper-64 OR 60Cu OR 61Cu OR 62Cu OR 64Cu)">Copper-60, 61, 62, 64</option><option value="("Fluorine 18" OR 18F)">Fluorine-18</option><option value="(Gallium-68 OR 68Ga)">Gallium-68</option><option value="("Iodine 124" OR 124I)">Iodine-124</option><option value="("Nitrogen 13" OR 13N)">Nitrogen-13</option><option value="("Yttrium 86" OR 86Y)">Yttrium-86</option><option value="("Zirconium 89" OR 89Zr)">Zirconium-89</option></optgroup><optgroup label="Photoacoustic agents"><option value="(Gold OR Au)">Gold</option><option value="("Indocyanine green" OR ICG)">Indocyanine green</option></optgroup><optgroup label="SPECT radionuclides"><option value="(Gallium-67 OR 67Ga)">Gallium-67</option><option value="("Indium 111" OR 111In)">Indium-111</option><option value="("Iodine 123" OR "Iodine 125" OR "Iodine 131" OR 123I OR 125I OR 131I)">Iodine-123, 125, 131</option><option value="("Lutetium 177" OR 177Lu)">Lutetium-177</option><option value="(Rhenium OR 186Re OR 188Re)">Rhenium</option><option value="("Technetium 99m" OR 99mTc)">Technetium-99m</option><option value="("Tellurium 125m" OR 125mTe)">Tellurium-125m</option></optgroup><optgroup label="Ultrasound agents"><option value="Microbubbles">Microbubbles</option><option value="Nanobubbles">Nanobubbles</option></optgroup><optgroup label="X-ray and CT agents"><option value="(Bismuth OR Bi)">Bismuth</option><option value="(Gold OR Au)">Gold</option><option value="Iodine">Iodine</option></optgroup></select></div></div><div class="clearfix"><label for="agent">Agent Category:</label><div class="right"><select name="agent" id="agent" style="width:200px"><option value="" selected="selected">Any</option><option value="(antibody OR trastuzumab OR immunoglobulin)">Antibodies</option><option value="(bacteria OR bacteriophage OR coli)">Bacteria</option><option value="cell">Cells</option><option value="(compound OR "amino acid" OR "folic acid" OR "cage molecule" OR carbohydrate OR copolymers OR polymer OR "small molecule" OR macromolecule OR triiodobenzoate OR estradiol OR glycosaminoglycan)">Compounds</option><option value="ligand">Ligands</option><option value="(lipid OR liposome OR liposomes">Lipids</option><option value="metal">Metal</option><option value="(nanoparticle OR nanoparticles OR nanotubes OR "iron oxide")">Nanoparticles</option><option value="(siRNA OR "nucleic acid" OR oligonucleotide)">Nucleic acids</option><option value="peptide">Peptides</option><option value="polyeptide">Polyeptides</option><option value="(protein OR albumin OR chemokin OR immunoprotein OR luciferase OR albumin)">Proteins</option><option value="(virus OR adenovirus)">Viruses</option></select></div></div><div class="clearfix"><label for="target">Target Category:</label><div class="right"><select name="target" id="target" style="width:200px"><option value="" selected="selected">Any</option><option value="acceptor">Acceptors</option><option value=""adhesion molecule"">Adhesion molecules</option><option value="(antigen OR antibody-antigen)">Antigens</option><option value="(enzyme OR enzymes OR enzyme-substrate)">Enzymes</option><option value="(lipids OR lipophilic cation)">Lipids</option><option value="(receptor OR receptors OR receptor-ligand OR receptor-antibody OR antibody-receptor)">Receptors</option><option value="transporter">Transporters</option><option value="non-targeted">Non-targeted</option><option value=""nucleic acid"">Nucleic acids</option><option value="(non-targeted OR "unknown binding site")">Others</option></select></div></div><div><input id="__micad_btn_1" type="radio" name="stage" value="vitro" /><label for="__micad_btn_1"><i>In vitro</i></label><input id="__micad_btn_2" type="radio" name="stage" value="rodents" /><label for="__micad_btn_2">Rodents</label><input id="__micad_btn_3" type="radio" name="stage" value="mammals" /><label for="__micad_btn_3">Non-primate non-rodent mammals</label><br /><input id="__micad_btn_4" type="radio" name="stage" value="primates" /><label for="__micad_btn_4">Non-human primates</label><input id="__micad_btn_5" type="radio" name="stage" value="humans" /><label for="__micad_btn_5">Humans</label><input id="__micad_btn_6" type="radio" name="stage" value="any" checked="checked" /><label for="__micad_btn_6">Any</label></div></form><form xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" name="frmGo" method="get" action="javascript:alert('frmGo:_@action_was_not_set')" id="frmGo"><input name="term" value="." type="hidden" /></form></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Related information</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="discovery_db_links" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul><li class="brieflinkpopper"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/books/?Db=pcsubstance&DbFrom=books&Cmd=Link&LinkName=books_pcsubstance&IdsFromResult=1507582" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubChem Substance</a><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related PubChem Substances</div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/books/?Db=pubmed&DbFrom=books&Cmd=Link&LinkName=books_pubmed_refs&IdsFromResult=1507582" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed</a><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Links to PubMed</div></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Similar articles in PubMed</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PBooksDiscovery_RA" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/20641782" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=1&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Mono-[(123)I]iodohypericine monocarboxylic acid.</a><span class="source">[Molecular Imaging and Contrast...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Mono-[(123)I]iodohypericine monocarboxylic acid.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Chopra A. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD). 2004</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/20641942" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=2&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Mono-[(123)I]Iodohypericin.</a><span class="source">[Molecular Imaging and Contrast...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Mono-[(123)I]Iodohypericin.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Chopra A. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD). 2004</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/23714775" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=3&log$=relatedarticles&logdbfrom=pubmed">Comparative study of iodine-123-labeled hypericin and (99m)Tc-labeled hexakis [2-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile] in a rabbit model of myocardial infarction.</a><span class="source">[J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2013]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Comparative study of iodine-123-labeled hypericin and (99m)Tc-labeled hexakis [2-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile] in a rabbit model of myocardial infarction.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Cona MM, Feng Y, Li Y, Chen F, Vunckx K, Zhou L, Van Slambrouck K, Rezaei A, Gheysens O, Nuyts J, et al. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2013 Sep; 62(3):304-11. </em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/16450141" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=4&log$=relatedarticles&logdbfrom=pubmed">First preclinical evaluation of mono-[123I]iodohypericin as a necrosis-avid tracer agent.</a><span class="source">[Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2006]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">First preclinical evaluation of mono-[123I]iodohypericin as a necrosis-avid tracer agent.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Ni Y, Huyghe D, Verbeke K, de Witte PA, Nuyts J, Mortelmans L, Chen F, Marchal G, Verbruggen AM, Bormans GM. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2006 May; 33(5):595-601. Epub 2006 Feb 1.</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/27981843" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=5&log$=relatedarticles&logdbfrom=pubmed">Radiolabeled Rhein as Small-Molecule Necrosis Avid Agents for Imaging of Necrotic Myocardium.</a><span class="source">[Anal Chem. 2017]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Radiolabeled Rhein as Small-Molecule Necrosis Avid Agents for Imaging of Necrotic Myocardium.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Luo Q, Jin Q, Su C, Zhang D, Jiang C, Fish AF, Feng Y, Ni Y, Zhang J, Yin Z. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">Anal Chem. 2017 Jan 17; 89(2):1260-1266. Epub 2016 Dec 28.</em></div></div></li></ul><a class="seemore" href="/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed_reviews&uid=20641601" ref="ordinalpos=1&log$=relatedreviews_seeall&logdbfrom=pubmed">See reviews...</a><a class="seemore" href="/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&uid=20641601" ref="ordinalpos=1&log$=relatedarticles_seeall&logdbfrom=pubmed">See all...</a></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Recent Activity</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="recent_activity" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" id="HTDisplay" class=""><div class="action"><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('ClearHT')">Clear</a><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOff')" class="HTOn">Turn Off</a><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOn')" class="HTOff">Turn On</a></div><ul id="activity"><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=1" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d649d184f3725e59b6b6b4">[99mTc]-Mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericincarboxamide - Molec...</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">[99mTc]-Mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericincarboxamide - Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD)<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=2" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d649cfcde49f3df766a397">[99mTc]Human telomerase reverse-transcriptase antisense mRNA oligonucleotide - M...</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">[99mTc]Human telomerase reverse-transcriptase antisense mRNA oligonucleotide - Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD)<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=3" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d649cecde49f3df76699f4">[99mTc]Epidermal growth factor receptor–specific nanobody - Molecular Imaging an...</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">[99mTc]Epidermal growth factor receptor–specific nanobody - Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD)<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=4" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d649cc67c23b31e03d5f87">[99mTc]-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-galactosyl human serum albumin - Mole...</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">[99mTc]-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-galactosyl human serum albumin - Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD)<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=5" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67d649cb84f3725e59b6a6bf">[99mTc]Cyclo(L-homocysteinyl-N-methyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-tyrosyl-D-tryptophyl-L-ly...</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">[99mTc]Cyclo(L-homocysteinyl-N-methyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-tyrosyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-valyl), (1‡1´)-sulfide with 3-[(mercaptoacetyl)amino]-L-alanyl-L-lysyl-L-cysteinyl-L-lysinamide - Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD)<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li></ul><p class="HTOn">Your browsing activity is empty.</p><p class="HTOff">Activity recording is turned off.</p><p id="turnOn" class="HTOff"><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOn')">Turn recording back on</a></p><a class="seemore" href="/sites/myncbi/recentactivity">See more...</a></div></div></div>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Custom content below discovery portlets -->
|
||
<div class="col7">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Custom content after all -->
|
||
<div class="col8">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="col9">
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.scrollTo-1.4.2.js"></script>
|
||
<script type="text/javascript">
|
||
(function($){
|
||
$('.skiplink').each(function(i, item){
|
||
var href = $($(item).attr('href'));
|
||
href.attr('tabindex', '-1').addClass('skiptarget'); // ensure the target can receive focus
|
||
$(item).on('click', function(event){
|
||
event.preventDefault();
|
||
$.scrollTo(href, 0, {
|
||
onAfter: function(){
|
||
href.focus();
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
});
|
||
});
|
||
})(jQuery);
|
||
</script>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="bottom">
|
||
<script type="text/javascript">
|
||
var PBooksSearchTermData = {
|
||
highlighter: "bold",
|
||
dateTime: "03/15/2025 22:34:32",
|
||
terms: [
|
||
'Abnormal', 'carbohydrate', 'carbohydrates', 'carbohydrates', 'carbohydrates', 'circulating', 'concentration', 'practice guideline'
|
||
]
|
||
};
|
||
</script>
|
||
<div id="NCBIFooter_dynamic">
|
||
<!--<component id="Breadcrumbs" label="breadcrumbs"/>
|
||
<component id="Breadcrumbs" label="helpdesk"/>-->
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="footer" id="footer">
|
||
<section class="icon-section">
|
||
<div id="icon-section-header" class="icon-section_header">Follow NCBI</div>
|
||
<div class="grid-container container">
|
||
<div class="icon-section_container">
|
||
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_twitter" href="https://twitter.com/ncbi" aria-label="Twitter"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
||
<defs>
|
||
<style>
|
||
.cls-11 {
|
||
fill: #737373;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
</defs>
|
||
<title>Twitter</title>
|
||
<path class="cls-11" d="M250.11,105.48c-7,3.14-13,3.25-19.27.14,8.12-4.86,8.49-8.27,11.43-17.46a78.8,78.8,0,0,1-25,9.55,39.35,39.35,0,0,0-67,35.85,111.6,111.6,0,0,1-81-41.08A39.37,39.37,0,0,0,81.47,145a39.08,39.08,0,0,1-17.8-4.92c0,.17,0,.33,0,.5a39.32,39.32,0,0,0,31.53,38.54,39.26,39.26,0,0,1-17.75.68,39.37,39.37,0,0,0,36.72,27.3A79.07,79.07,0,0,1,56,223.34,111.31,111.31,0,0,0,116.22,241c72.3,0,111.83-59.9,111.83-111.84,0-1.71,0-3.4-.1-5.09C235.62,118.54,244.84,113.37,250.11,105.48Z">
|
||
</path>
|
||
</svg></a>
|
||
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/ncbi.nlm" aria-label="Facebook"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
||
<title>Facebook</title>
|
||
<path class="cls-11" d="M210.5,115.12H171.74V97.82c0-8.14,5.39-10,9.19-10h27.14V52l-39.32-.12c-35.66,0-42.42,26.68-42.42,43.77v19.48H99.09v36.32h27.24v109h45.41v-109h35Z">
|
||
</path>
|
||
</svg></a>
|
||
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ncbinlm" aria-label="LinkedIn"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
||
<title>LinkedIn</title>
|
||
<path class="cls-11" d="M101.64,243.37H57.79v-114h43.85Zm-22-131.54h-.26c-13.25,0-21.82-10.36-21.82-21.76,0-11.65,8.84-21.15,22.33-21.15S101.7,78.72,102,90.38C102,101.77,93.4,111.83,79.63,111.83Zm100.93,52.61A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,163,182v61.39H119.18s.51-105.23,0-114H163v13a54.33,54.33,0,0,1,34.54-12.66c26,0,44.39,18.8,44.39,55.29v58.35H198.1V182A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,180.56,164.44Z">
|
||
</path>
|
||
</svg></a>
|
||
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_github" href="https://github.com/ncbi" aria-label="GitHub"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
||
<defs>
|
||
<style>
|
||
.cls-11,
|
||
.cls-12 {
|
||
fill: #737373;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.cls-11 {
|
||
fill-rule: evenodd;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
</defs>
|
||
<title>GitHub</title>
|
||
<path class="cls-11" d="M151.36,47.28a105.76,105.76,0,0,0-33.43,206.1c5.28,1,7.22-2.3,7.22-5.09,0-2.52-.09-10.85-.14-19.69-29.42,6.4-35.63-12.48-35.63-12.48-4.81-12.22-11.74-15.47-11.74-15.47-9.59-6.56.73-6.43.73-6.43,10.61.75,16.21,10.9,16.21,10.9,9.43,16.17,24.73,11.49,30.77,8.79,1-6.83,3.69-11.5,6.71-14.14C108.57,197.1,83.88,188,83.88,147.51a40.92,40.92,0,0,1,10.9-28.39c-1.1-2.66-4.72-13.42,1-28,0,0,8.88-2.84,29.09,10.84a100.26,100.26,0,0,1,53,0C198,88.3,206.9,91.14,206.9,91.14c5.76,14.56,2.14,25.32,1,28a40.87,40.87,0,0,1,10.89,28.39c0,40.62-24.74,49.56-48.29,52.18,3.79,3.28,7.17,9.71,7.17,19.58,0,14.15-.12,25.54-.12,29,0,2.82,1.9,6.11,7.26,5.07A105.76,105.76,0,0,0,151.36,47.28Z">
|
||
</path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M85.66,199.12c-.23.52-1.06.68-1.81.32s-1.2-1.06-.95-1.59,1.06-.69,1.82-.33,1.21,1.07.94,1.6Zm-1.3-1">
|
||
</path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M90,203.89c-.51.47-1.49.25-2.16-.49a1.61,1.61,0,0,1-.31-2.19c.52-.47,1.47-.25,2.17.49s.82,1.72.3,2.19Zm-1-1.08">
|
||
</path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M94.12,210c-.65.46-1.71,0-2.37-.91s-.64-2.07,0-2.52,1.7,0,2.36.89.65,2.08,0,2.54Zm0,0"></path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M99.83,215.87c-.58.64-1.82.47-2.72-.41s-1.18-2.06-.6-2.7,1.83-.46,2.74.41,1.2,2.07.58,2.7Zm0,0">
|
||
</path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M107.71,219.29c-.26.82-1.45,1.2-2.64.85s-2-1.34-1.74-2.17,1.44-1.23,2.65-.85,2,1.32,1.73,2.17Zm0,0">
|
||
</path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M116.36,219.92c0,.87-1,1.59-2.24,1.61s-2.29-.68-2.3-1.54,1-1.59,2.26-1.61,2.28.67,2.28,1.54Zm0,0">
|
||
</path>
|
||
<path class="cls-12" d="M124.42,218.55c.15.85-.73,1.72-2,1.95s-2.37-.3-2.52-1.14.73-1.75,2-2,2.37.29,2.53,1.16Zm0,0"></path>
|
||
</svg></a>
|
||
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_blog" href="https://ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" aria-label="Blog">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 40 40">
|
||
<defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#737373;}</style></defs>
|
||
<title>NCBI Insights Blog</title>
|
||
<path class="cls-1" d="M14,30a4,4,0,1,1-4-4,4,4,0,0,1,4,4Zm11,3A19,19,0,0,0,7.05,15a1,1,0,0,0-1,1v3a1,1,0,0,0,.93,1A14,14,0,0,1,20,33.07,1,1,0,0,0,21,34h3a1,1,0,0,0,1-1Zm9,0A28,28,0,0,0,7,6,1,1,0,0,0,6,7v3a1,1,0,0,0,1,1A23,23,0,0,1,29,33a1,1,0,0,0,1,1h3A1,1,0,0,0,34,33Z"></path>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section class="container-fluid bg-primary">
|
||
<div class="container pt-5">
|
||
<div class="row mt-3">
|
||
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
|
||
<p><a class="text-white" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/socialmedia/index.html">Connect with NLM</a></p>
|
||
<ul class="list-inline social_media">
|
||
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/NLM_NIH" aria-label="Twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
|
||
<style type="text/css">
|
||
.st20 {
|
||
fill: #FFFFFF;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.st30 {
|
||
fill: none;
|
||
stroke: #FFFFFF;
|
||
stroke-width: 8;
|
||
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
<title>Twitter</title>
|
||
<g>
|
||
<g>
|
||
<g>
|
||
<path class="st20" d="M192.9,88.1c-5,2.2-9.2,2.3-13.6,0.1c5.7-3.4,6-5.8,8.1-12.3c-5.4,3.2-11.4,5.5-17.6,6.7 c-10.5-11.2-28.1-11.7-39.2-1.2c-7.2,6.8-10.2,16.9-8,26.5c-22.3-1.1-43.1-11.7-57.2-29C58,91.6,61.8,107.9,74,116 c-4.4-0.1-8.7-1.3-12.6-3.4c0,0.1,0,0.2,0,0.4c0,13.2,9.3,24.6,22.3,27.2c-4.1,1.1-8.4,1.3-12.5,0.5c3.6,11.3,14,19,25.9,19.3 c-11.6,9.1-26.4,13.2-41.1,11.5c12.7,8.1,27.4,12.5,42.5,12.5c51,0,78.9-42.2,78.9-78.9c0-1.2,0-2.4-0.1-3.6 C182.7,97.4,189.2,93.7,192.9,88.1z"></path>
|
||
</g>
|
||
</g>
|
||
<circle class="st30" cx="124.4" cy="128.8" r="108.2"></circle>
|
||
</g>
|
||
</svg></a></li>
|
||
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/nationallibraryofmedicine" aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
|
||
<style type="text/css">
|
||
.st10 {
|
||
fill: #FFFFFF;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.st110 {
|
||
fill: none;
|
||
stroke: #FFFFFF;
|
||
stroke-width: 8;
|
||
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
<title>Facebook</title>
|
||
<g>
|
||
<g>
|
||
<path class="st10" d="M159,99.1h-24V88.4c0-5,3.3-6.2,5.7-6.2h16.8V60l-24.4-0.1c-22.1,0-26.2,16.5-26.2,27.1v12.1H90v22.5h16.9 v67.5H135v-67.5h21.7L159,99.1z"></path>
|
||
</g>
|
||
</g>
|
||
<circle class="st110" cx="123.6" cy="123.2" r="108.2"></circle>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
</a></li>
|
||
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NLMNIH" aria-label="Youtube" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
|
||
<title>Youtube</title>
|
||
<style type="text/css">
|
||
.st4 {
|
||
fill: none;
|
||
stroke: #FFFFFF;
|
||
stroke-width: 8;
|
||
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.st5 {
|
||
fill: #FFFFFF;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
<circle class="st4" cx="124.2" cy="123.4" r="108.2"></circle>
|
||
<g transform="translate(0,-952.36218)">
|
||
<path class="st5" d="M88.4,1037.4c-10.4,0-18.7,8.3-18.7,18.7v40.1c0,10.4,8.3,18.7,18.7,18.7h72.1c10.4,0,18.7-8.3,18.7-18.7 v-40.1c0-10.4-8.3-18.7-18.7-18.7H88.4z M115.2,1058.8l29.4,17.4l-29.4,17.4V1058.8z"></path>
|
||
</g>
|
||
</svg></a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
|
||
<p class="address_footer text-white">National Library of Medicine<br />
|
||
<a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894/@38.9959508,-77.101021,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb:0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!4d-77.0988323" class="text-white" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">8600 Rockville Pike<br />
|
||
Bethesda, MD 20894</a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
|
||
<p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html" class="text-white">Web Policies</a><br />
|
||
<a href="https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office" class="text-white">FOIA</a><br />
|
||
<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" class="text-white" id="vdp">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
|
||
<p><a class="supportLink text-white" href="https://support.nlm.nih.gov/">Help</a><br />
|
||
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/accessibility.html" class="text-white">Accessibility</a><br />
|
||
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/careers/careers.html" class="text-white">Careers</a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="row">
|
||
<div class="col-lg-12 centered-lg">
|
||
<nav class="bottom-links">
|
||
<ul class="mt-3">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="text-white" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/">NLM</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.nih.gov/">NIH</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.hhs.gov/">HHS</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/rlib/js/InstrumentOmnitureBaseJS/InstrumentNCBIConfigJS/InstrumentNCBIBaseJS/InstrumentPageStarterJS.js?v=1"> </script>
|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/static/js/hfjs2.js"> </script>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!--/.page-->
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!--/.wrap-->
|
||
</div><!-- /.twelve_col -->
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!-- /.grid -->
|
||
|
||
<span class="PAFAppResources"></span>
|
||
|
||
<!-- BESelector tab -->
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<noscript><img alt="statistics" src="/stat?jsdisabled=true&ncbi_db=books&ncbi_pdid=book-part&ncbi_acc=NBK23400&ncbi_domain=micad&ncbi_report=record&ncbi_type=fulltext&ncbi_objectid=&ncbi_pcid=/NBK23400/&ncbi_pagename=[99mTc]-Mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericincarboxamide - Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) - NCBI Bookshelf&ncbi_bookparttype=chapter&ncbi_app=bookshelf" /></noscript>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- usually for JS scripts at page bottom -->
|
||
<!--<component id="PageFixtures" label="styles"></component>-->
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID /projects/books/PBooks@9.11 portal107 v4.1.r689238 Tue, Oct 22 2024 16:10:51 -->
|
||
<span id="portal-csrf-token" style="display:none" data-token="CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID"></span>
|
||
|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/js/3879255/4121861/3501987/4008961/3893018/3821238/4062932/4209313/4212053/4076480/3921943/3400083/3426610.js" snapshot="books"></script></body>
|
||
</html> |