159 lines
46 KiB
Text
159 lines
46 KiB
Text
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" class="no-js no-jr">
|
|
<head>
|
|
<!-- For pinger, set start time and add meta elements. -->
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">var ncbi_startTime = new Date();</script>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Logger begin -->
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_db" content="books">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_pdid" content="book-part">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_acc" content="NBK23235">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_domain" content="micad">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_report" content="reader">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_type" content="fulltext">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_objectid" content="">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_pcid" content="/NBK23235/?report=reader">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_pagename" content="[18F]FB-NH-mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]2}2 - Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) - NCBI Bookshelf">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_bookparttype" content="chapter">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_app" content="bookshelf">
|
|
<!-- Logger end -->
|
|
|
|
<!--component id="Page" label="meta"/-->
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.boots.min.js"> </script><title>[18F]FB-NH-mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]2}2 - Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
|
|
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
|
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="no">
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1,minimum-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no">
|
|
<meta name="jr-col-layout" content="auto">
|
|
<meta name="jr-prev-unit" content="/books/n/micad/NAPamide18F/?report=reader">
|
|
<meta name="jr-next-unit" content="/books/n/micad/Choline-D4-18F/?report=reader">
|
|
<meta name="bk-toc-url" content="/books/n/micad/?report=toc">
|
|
<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE">
|
|
<meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]">
|
|
<meta name="citation_title" content="[18F]FB-NH-mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]2}2">
|
|
<meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)">
|
|
<meta name="citation_date" content="2008/03/12">
|
|
<meta name="citation_author" content="Kenneth T. Cheng">
|
|
<meta name="citation_pmid" content="20641437">
|
|
<meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK23235/">
|
|
<link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Title" content="[18F]FB-NH-mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]2}2">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Type" content="Text">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Kenneth T. Cheng">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2008/03/12">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK23235/">
|
|
<meta name="description" content="[18F]FB-NH-mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]2}2 ([18F]FPRGD4) is an integrin-targeted molecular imaging agent developed for positron emission tomography (PET) of tumor vasculature and angiogenesis (1). 18F is a positron emitter with a physical half-life (t½) of 110 min.">
|
|
<meta name="og:title" content="[18F]FB-NH-mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]2}2">
|
|
<meta name="og:type" content="book">
|
|
<meta name="og:description" content="[18F]FB-NH-mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]2}2 ([18F]FPRGD4) is an integrin-targeted molecular imaging agent developed for positron emission tomography (PET) of tumor vasculature and angiogenesis (1). 18F is a positron emitter with a physical half-life (t½) of 110 min.">
|
|
<meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK23235/">
|
|
<meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf">
|
|
<meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-micad-lrg.png">
|
|
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">
|
|
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks">
|
|
<meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/micad/F18FPRGD4/?report=reader">
|
|
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK23235/">
|
|
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Archivo+Narrow:400,700,400italic,700italic&subset=latin" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/css/libs.min.css">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/css/jr.min.css">
|
|
<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css//books_print.min.css" type="text/css" media="print">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_reader.min.css" type="text/css">
|
|
<style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} .body-content h2, .body-content .h2 {border-bottom: 1px solid #97B0C8} .body-content h2.inline {border-bottom: none} a.page-toc-label , .jig-ncbismoothscroll a {text-decoration:none;border:0 !important} .temp-labeled-list .graphic {display:inline-block !important} .temp-labeled-list img{width:100%}</style>
|
|
|
|
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/favicon.ico">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_phid" content="CE8B8E167D640E710000000000960085.m_5">
|
|
<meta name='referrer' content='origin-when-cross-origin'/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/css/3852956/3849091.css"></head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<!-- Book content! -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="jr" data-jr-path="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/"><div class="jr-unsupported"><table class="modal"><tr><td><span class="attn inline-block"></span><br />Your browser does not support the NLM PubReader view.<br />Go to <a href="/pmc/about/pr-browsers/">this page</a> to see a list of supported browsers<br />or return to the <br /><a href="/books/NBK23235/?report=classic">regular view</a>.</td></tr></table></div><div id="jr-ui" class="hidden"><nav id="jr-head"><div class="flexh tb"><div id="jr-tb1"><a id="jr-links-sw" class="hidden" title="Links"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 70.6 85.3" style="enable-background:new 0 0 70.6 85.3;vertical-align:middle" xml:space="preserve" width="24" height="24">
|
|
<style type="text/css">.st0{fill:#939598;}</style>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<path class="st0" d="M36,0C12.8,2.2-22.4,14.6,19.6,32.5C40.7,41.4-30.6,14,35.9,9.8"></path>
|
|
<path class="st0" d="M34.5,85.3c23.2-2.2,58.4-14.6,16.4-32.5c-21.1-8.9,50.2,18.5-16.3,22.7"></path>
|
|
<path class="st0" d="M34.7,37.1c66.5-4.2-4.8-31.6,16.3-22.7c42.1,17.9,6.9,30.3-16.4,32.5h1.7c-66.2,4.4,4.8,31.6-16.3,22.7 c-42.1-17.9-6.9-30.3,16.4-32.5"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</svg> Books</a></div><div class="jr-rhead f1 flexh"><div class="head"><a href="/books/n/micad/NAPamide18F/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="body"><div class="t">[18F]FB-NH-mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]2}2</div><div class="j">Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]</div></div><div class="tail"><a href="/books/n/micad/Choline-D4-18F/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></div><div id="jr-tb2"><a id="jr-bkhelp-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Help with NLM PubReader">?</a><a id="jr-help-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Settings and typography in NLM PubReader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M462,283.742v-55.485l-29.981-10.662c-11.431-4.065-20.628-12.794-25.274-24.001 c-0.002-0.004-0.004-0.009-0.006-0.013c-4.659-11.235-4.333-23.918,0.889-34.903l13.653-28.724l-39.234-39.234l-28.72,13.652 c-10.979,5.219-23.68,5.546-34.908,0.889c-0.005-0.002-0.01-0.003-0.014-0.005c-11.215-4.65-19.933-13.834-24-25.273L283.741,50 h-55.484l-10.662,29.981c-4.065,11.431-12.794,20.627-24.001,25.274c-0.005,0.002-0.009,0.004-0.014,0.005 c-11.235,4.66-23.919,4.333-34.905-0.889l-28.723-13.653l-39.234,39.234l13.653,28.721c5.219,10.979,5.545,23.681,0.889,34.91 c-0.002,0.004-0.004,0.009-0.006,0.013c-4.649,11.214-13.834,19.931-25.271,23.998L50,228.257v55.485l29.98,10.661 c11.431,4.065,20.627,12.794,25.274,24c0.002,0.005,0.003,0.01,0.005,0.014c4.66,11.236,4.334,23.921-0.888,34.906l-13.654,28.723 l39.234,39.234l28.721-13.652c10.979-5.219,23.681-5.546,34.909-0.889c0.005,0.002,0.01,0.004,0.014,0.006 c11.214,4.649,19.93,13.833,23.998,25.271L228.257,462h55.484l10.595-29.79c4.103-11.538,12.908-20.824,24.216-25.525 c0.005-0.002,0.009-0.004,0.014-0.006c11.127-4.628,23.694-4.311,34.578,0.863l28.902,13.738l39.234-39.234l-13.66-28.737 c-5.214-10.969-5.539-23.659-0.886-34.877c0.002-0.005,0.004-0.009,0.006-0.014c4.654-11.225,13.848-19.949,25.297-24.021 L462,283.742z M256,331.546c-41.724,0-75.548-33.823-75.548-75.546s33.824-75.547,75.548-75.547 c41.723,0,75.546,33.824,75.546,75.547S297.723,331.546,256,331.546z"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-fip-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Find"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 550 600" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-width="36" stroke-linecap="round" style="fill:#FFF" d="m320,350a153,153 0 1,0-2,2l170,170m-91-117 110,110-26,26-110-110"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-rtoc-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Table of Contents"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M20,20h10v8H20V20zM36,20h44v8H36V20zM20,37.33h10v8H20V37.33zM36,37.33h44v8H36V37.33zM20,54.66h10v8H20V54.66zM36,54.66h44v8H36V54.66zM20,72h10v8 H20V72zM36,72h44v8H36V72z"></path></svg></a></div></div></nav><nav id="jr-dash" class="noselect"><nav id="jr-dash" class="noselect"><div id="jr-pi" class="hidden"><a id="jr-pi-prev" class="hidden" title="Previous page"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a><div class="pginfo">Page <i class="jr-pg-pn">0</i> of <i class="jr-pg-lp">0</i></div><a id="jr-pi-next" class="hidden" title="Next page"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div><div id="jr-is-tb"><a id="jr-is-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Switch between Figures/Tables strip and Progress bar"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><rect x="10" y="40" width="20" height="20"></rect><rect x="40" y="40" width="20" height="20"></rect><rect x="70" y="40" width="20" height="20"></rect></svg></a></div><nav id="jr-istrip" class="istrip hidden"><a id="jr-is-prev" href="#" class="hidden" title="Previous"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M80,40 60,65 80,90 70,90 50,65 70,40z M50,40 30,65 50,90 40,90 20,65 40,40z"></path><text x="35" y="25" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a><a id="jr-is-next" href="#" class="hidden" title="Next"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M20,40 40,65 20,90 30,90 50,65 30,40z M50,40 70,65 50,90 60,90 80,65 60,40z"></path><text x="15" y="25" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></nav><nav id="jr-progress"></nav></nav></nav><aside id="jr-links-p" class="hidden flexv"><div class="tb sk-htbar flexh"><div><a class="jr-p-close btn wsprkl">Done</a></div><div class="title-text f1">NCBI Bookshelf</div></div><div class="cnt lol f1"><a href="/books/">Home</a><a href="/books/browse/">Browse All Titles</a><a class="btn share" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK23235/"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 33 33" style="vertical-align:middle" width="24" height="24" preserveAspectRatio="none"><g><path d="M 17.996,32L 12,32 L 12,16 l-4,0 l0-5.514 l 4-0.002l-0.006-3.248C 11.993,2.737, 13.213,0, 18.512,0l 4.412,0 l0,5.515 l-2.757,0 c-2.063,0-2.163,0.77-2.163,2.209l-0.008,2.76l 4.959,0 l-0.585,5.514L 18,16L 17.996,32z"></path></g></svg> Share on Facebook</a><a class="btn share" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK23235/&text=%5B18F%5DFB-NH-mini-PEG-E%7BE%5Bc(RGDyK)%5D2%7D2"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 33 33" style="vertical-align:middle" width="24" height="24"><g><path d="M 32,6.076c-1.177,0.522-2.443,0.875-3.771,1.034c 1.355-0.813, 2.396-2.099, 2.887-3.632 c-1.269,0.752-2.674,1.299-4.169,1.593c-1.198-1.276-2.904-2.073-4.792-2.073c-3.626,0-6.565,2.939-6.565,6.565 c0,0.515, 0.058,1.016, 0.17,1.496c-5.456-0.274-10.294-2.888-13.532-6.86c-0.565,0.97-0.889,2.097-0.889,3.301 c0,2.278, 1.159,4.287, 2.921,5.465c-1.076-0.034-2.088-0.329-2.974-0.821c-0.001,0.027-0.001,0.055-0.001,0.083 c0,3.181, 2.263,5.834, 5.266,6.438c-0.551,0.15-1.131,0.23-1.73,0.23c-0.423,0-0.834-0.041-1.235-0.118 c 0.836,2.608, 3.26,4.506, 6.133,4.559c-2.247,1.761-5.078,2.81-8.154,2.81c-0.53,0-1.052-0.031-1.566-0.092 c 2.905,1.863, 6.356,2.95, 10.064,2.95c 12.076,0, 18.679-10.004, 18.679-18.68c0-0.285-0.006-0.568-0.019-0.849 C 30.007,8.548, 31.12,7.392, 32,6.076z"></path></g></svg> Share on Twitter</a></div></aside><aside id="jr-rtoc-p" class="hidden flexv"><div class="tb sk-htbar flexh"><div><a class="jr-p-close btn wsprkl">Done</a></div><div class="title-text f1">Table of Content</div></div><div class="cnt lol f1"><a href="/books/n/micad/?report=reader">Title Information</a><a href="/books/n/micad/toc/?report=reader">Table of Contents Page</a></div></aside><aside id="jr-help-p" class="hidden flexv"><div class="tb sk-htbar flexh"><div><a class="jr-p-close btn wsprkl">Done</a></div><div class="title-text f1">Settings</div></div><div class="cnt f1"><div id="jr-typo-p" class="typo"><div><a class="sf btn wsprkl">A-</a><a class="lf btn wsprkl">A+</a></div><div><a class="bcol-auto btn wsprkl"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 200 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><text x="10" y="70" style="font-size:60px;font-family: Trebuchet MS, ArialMT, Arial, sans-serif" textLength="180">AUTO</text></svg></a><a class="bcol-1 btn wsprkl"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M15,25 85,25zM15,40 85,40zM15,55 85,55zM15,70 85,70z"></path></svg></a><a class="bcol-2 btn wsprkl"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M5,25 45,25z M55,25 95,25zM5,40 45,40z M55,40 95,40zM5,55 45,55z M55,55 95,55zM5,70 45,70z M55,70 95,70z"></path></svg></a></div></div><div class="lol"><a class="" href="/books/NBK23235/?report=classic">Switch to classic view</a><a href="/books/NBK23235/pdf/Bookshelf_NBK23235.pdf">PDF (147K)</a><a href="/books/NBK23235/?report=printable">Print View</a></div></div></aside><aside id="jr-bkhelp-p" class="hidden flexv"><div class="tb sk-htbar flexh"><div><a class="jr-p-close btn wsprkl">Done</a></div><div class="title-text f1">Help</div></div><div class="cnt f1 lol"><a id="jr-helpobj-sw" data-path="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/" data-href="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/img/bookshelf/help.xml" href="">Help</a><a href="mailto:info@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov?subject=PubReader%20feedback%20%2F%20NBK23235%20%2F%20sid%3ACE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID%20%2F%20phid%3ACE8B8E167D640E710000000000960085.4">Send us feedback</a><a id="jr-about-sw" data-path="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/" data-href="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/img/bookshelf/about.xml" href="">About PubReader</a></div></aside><aside id="jr-objectbox" class="thidden hidden"><div class="jr-objectbox-close wsprkl">✘</div><div class="jr-objectbox-inner cnt"><div class="jr-objectbox-drawer"></div></div></aside><nav id="jr-pm-left" class="hidden"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 40 800" preserveAspectRatio="none"><text font-stretch="ultra-condensed" x="800" y="-15" text-anchor="end" transform="rotate(90)" font-size="18" letter-spacing=".1em">Previous Page</text></svg></nav><nav id="jr-pm-right" class="hidden"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 40 800" preserveAspectRatio="none"><text font-stretch="ultra-condensed" x="800" y="-15" text-anchor="end" transform="rotate(90)" font-size="18" letter-spacing=".1em">Next Page</text></svg></nav><nav id="jr-fip" class="hidden"><nav id="jr-fip-term-p"><input type="search" placeholder="search this page" id="jr-fip-term" autocorrect="off" autocomplete="off" /><a id="jr-fip-mg" class="wsprkl btn" title="Find"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 550 600" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-width="36" stroke-linecap="round" style="fill:#FFF" d="m320,350a153,153 0 1,0-2,2l170,170m-91-117 110,110-26,26-110-110"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-fip-done" class="wsprkl btn" title="Dismiss find">✘</a></nav><nav id="jr-fip-info-p"><a id="jr-fip-prev" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to previuos match">◀</a><button id="jr-fip-matches">no matches yet</button><a id="jr-fip-next" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK23235_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">[<sup>18</sup>F]FB-NH-mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]<sub>2</sub>}<sub>2</sub></span></h1><div itemprop="alternativeHeadline" class="subtitle whole_rhythm">[<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4</div><p class="contribs">Cheng KT.</p><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK23235_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p></div></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figF18FPRGD4T1"><a href="/books/NBK23235/table/F18FPRGD4.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobF18FPRGD4T1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/table-icon.gif" alt="Table Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="F18FPRGD4.T1"><a href="/books/NBK23235/table/F18FPRGD4.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobF18FPRGD4T1">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">
|
|
|
|
<i>In vitro</i>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rodents
|
|
</p></div></div><div id="F18FPRGD4.Background"><h2 id="_F18FPRGD4_Background_">Background</h2><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=18F-FPRGD4+OR+(18F-labeled+PEGylated+tetrameric+RGD+peptide)" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>[<sup>18</sup>F]FB-NH-mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]<sub>2</sub>}<sub>2</sub> ([<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4) is an integrin-targeted molecular imaging agent developed for positron emission tomography (PET) of tumor vasculature and angiogenesis (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>). <sup>18</sup>F is a positron emitter with a physical half-life (<i>t</i><sub>½</sub>) of 110 min.</p><p>Cellular survival, invasion, and migration control embryonic development, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis, and other physiologic processes (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.2" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.2">2</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.3" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.3">3</a>). Among the molecules that regulate angiogenesis are integrins, which comprise a superfamily of cell adhesion proteins that form heterodimeric receptors for extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.4" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.4">4</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.5" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.5">5</a>). These transmembrane glycoproteins consist of two noncovalently associated subunits, α and β (18 α- and 8 β-subunits in mammals), which are assembled into at least 24 α/β pairs. Several integrins, such as integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub>, have affinity for the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) tripeptide motif, which is found in many ECM proteins. Expression of integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> receptors on endothelial cells is stimulated by angiogenic factors and environments. The integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> receptor is generally not found in normal tissue, but it is strongly expressed in vessels with increased angiogenesis, such as tumor vasculature. It is significantly upregulated in certain types of tumor cells and in almost all tumor vasculature.</p><p>Molecular imaging probes carrying the RGD motif that binds to the integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> can be used to image tumor vasculature and evaluate angiogenic response to tumor therapy (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.6" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.6">6</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.7" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.7">7</a>). Various RGD peptides in both linear and cyclic forms (RGDfK or RGDyK) have been developed for <i>in vivo</i> binding to integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.8" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.8">8</a>). To improve the pharmacokinetics and tumor retention of the radiolabeled peptide, a dimer analog was synthesized as <a href="/books/n/micad/FB-RGD2-18F/?report=reader">[<sup>18</sup>F]FB-[c(RGDyK)]</a><sub>2</sub>, which showed improved tumor localization and predominant renal excretion (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.9" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.9">9</a>). Alternatively, Chen et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.10" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.10">10</a>) modified c(RGDyK) with monofunctional methoxy-polyethylene glycol (mPEG; molecular weight = 2,000 kDa) and showed that the modified PEGylated RGD peptide had faster blood clearance, lower kidney uptake, and prolonged tumor uptake. Using the same strategy, Chen et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.11" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.11">11</a>) inserted a heterofunctional PEG (molecular weight = 3,400 kDa) molecule between the [<sup>18</sup>F]fluorobenzoyl component and the RGD peptide to produce [<sup>18</sup>F]FB-PEG-c(RGDyK) for imaging of brain tumor angiogenesis. The PEGylated [<sup>18</sup>F]FB-c(RGDyK) analog appeared to improve tumor retention and <i>in vivo</i> kinetics compared with [<sup>18</sup>F]FB-c(RGDyK). These improvements might be attributed to a number of possible causes that include shielding of antigenic and immunogenic epitopes, shielding receptor-mediated uptake by the reticuloendothelial systems, preventing the recognition and degradation by proteolytic enzymes, and increasing the apparent size of the peptide. Wu et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.12" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.12">12</a>) reported that a multimeric RGD peptide with more than two repeating cyclic RGD units would further enhance the affinity of the receptor−ligand interactions through the phenomenon of a polyvalency effect. However, the attempt of synthesis of 18F-labeled tetrameric RGDyK peptiode (<sup>18</sup>F-FRGD4) proved to be difficult and gave very low yield (<2%) because of increased molecular size and steric hindrance (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>). On the basis of these observations, Wu et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>) inserted a mini-PEG linker to improve the labeling yield and successfully prepared [<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4 by radiolabeling PEGylated tetrameric RGD peptide with reasonable yield. The <i>in vivo</i> kinetics of this PEGylated probe was studied in three different tumor models.</p></div><div id="F18FPRGD4.Synthesis"><h2 id="_F18FPRGD4_Synthesis_">Synthesis</h2><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=(18F-FPRGD4)+OR+(18F-labeled+PEGylated+tetrameric+RGD+peptide)" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>Wu et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.12" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.12">12</a>) reported the preparation of cyclic RGD peptide tetramer E{E[c(RGDyK)]<sub>2</sub>}<sub>2</sub> (RGD4) from the cyclic RGD dimer E[c(RGDyK)]<sub>2</sub>. RGD4 was then used to prepare NH<sub>2</sub>-Mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]<sub>2</sub>}<sub>2</sub> (PRGD4) (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>). Briefly, Boc-11-amino-3,6,9-trioxaundecanoic acid (Boc-NH-mini-PEG-OOH) was mixed with <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diisopropylethylamine and <i>O</i>-(<i>N</i>-succinimidyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-uronium tetrafluoroborate (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h. RGD4 in <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylformamide was added to the mixture and stirred at room temperature for 2 h to produce Boc-NH-mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]<sub>2</sub>}<sub>2</sub>. The yield was 60%. The Boc-group was then removed by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) for 5 min at room temperature to yield PRGD4. PRGD4 was purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for radiolabeling. The identify of PRGD4 was confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry with m/z 3,001.0 for [MH]<sup>+</sup> (the calculated molecular weight of C<sub>131</sub>H<sub>194</sub>N<sub>40</sub>O<sub>42</sub> = 3,001.1).</p><p>The purified product of PRGD4 was labeled with <sup>18</sup>F by coupling with <i>N</i>-succinimidyl 4-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluorobenzoate ([<sup>18</sup>F]SFB) (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.13" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.13">13</a>). The synthesis was conducted with a commercial synthesis module. The total synthesis time was ~100 min and the decay-corrected yield was 67 ± 11% (<i>n</i> = 10). The purified [<sup>18</sup>F]SFB was added to PRGD4 in dimethyl sulfoxide with DIPEA. This peptide mixture was incubated at 60ºC for 30 min. The final product was then diluted with 1% TFA in water before purified by semipreparative HPLC to yield [<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4. The decay-corrected radiochemical yield based on [<sup>18</sup>F]SFB was 22.0 ± 0.8% (<i>n</i> = 4). Analytical HPLC showed that the radiochemical purity was >99%. The specific activity was ~100–200 GBq/μmol (2.7-5.4 Ci/μmol) based on [<sup>18</sup>F]SFB. Starting from <sup>18</sup>F-F<sup>–</sup>, the total synthesis time of [<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4 was ~180 min (including HPLC purification), and the overall decay-corrected yield was 15 ± 4%.</p></div><div id="F18FPRGD4.In_Vitro_Studies_Tes"><h2 id="_F18FPRGD4_In_Vitro_Studies_Tes_"><i>In Vitro</i> Studies: Testing in Cells and Tissues</h2><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=((18F-FPRGD4)+OR+(18F-labeled+PEGylated+tetrameric+RGD+peptide))+AND+in+vitro" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>The octanol-water partition coefficient (log <i>P</i>) of [<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4 was determined to be –2.67 ± 0.22 with the use of phosphate-buffered saline and octanol (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>). Wu et al. (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>) conducted an <i>in vitro</i> cell (U87MG human glioblastoma) integrin receptor-binding assays with [<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4 by using <sup>125</sup>I-echistatin (integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> specific) in displacement studies. The 50% inhibitory concentration IC<sub>50</sub> for [<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4 was 37.7 ± 7.0 nM (<i>n</i> = 3). In comparison, the IC<sub>50</sub> values for RGD4 and PRGD4 were 39.1 ± 5.5 and 46.5 ± 5.3, respectively.</p></div><div id="F18FPRGD4.Animal_Studies"><h2 id="_F18FPRGD4_Animal_Studies_">Animal Studies</h2><div id="F18FPRGD4.Rodents"><h3>Rodents</h3><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=((18F-FPRGD4)+OR+(18F-labeled+PEGylated+tetrameric+RGD+peptide))+AND+rodentia" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>MicroPET imaging of 3.7 MBq (100 μCi) [<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4 in nude mice (<i>n</i> = 3) bearing the s.c. U87MG tumor (100-300 mm<sup>3</sup>) as early as 5 min clearly visualized the tumor with a high contrast to contralateral background (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>). The radiolabeled peptide was cleared mainly through the kidneys with some hepatic clearance. Using the region-of-interest (ROI) technique, the tumor radioactivity levels (% ID/g) were calculated to be 9.87 ± 0.10 (5 min), 7.80 ± 0.14 (30 min), 6.40 ± 0.27 (60 min), 5.39 ± 0.14 (120 min), and 4.82 ± 0.22 (180 min). When a blocking dose of 10 mg/kg c(RGDyK) was given, more than 80% of the tumor radioactivity was inhibited. Other major organ radioactivity levels were also reduced.</p><p>MicroPET imaging of 3.7 MBq (100 μCi) [<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4 was conducted in nude mice (<i>n</i> = 3) bearing the MDA-MB-435 tumor (orthotopic injection into the left mammary fat pad) which had lower integrin expression level than the U87MG tumor (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>). The ROI tumor radioactivity levels (% ID/g) were lower that those of U87MG model with 5.07 ± 0.18 (30 min), 4.53 ± 0.36 (60 min), and 3.38 ± 0.48 (150 min). MicroPET imaging of 3.7 MBq (100 μCi) [<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4 was also performed in a spontaneous murine mammary carcinoma model grown in c-neu onomice (<i>n</i> = 3) (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>). The ROI tumor radioactivity levels (% ID/g) were lower that those of U87MG model with 4.22 ± 0.18 (30 min), 3.56 ± 0.36 (60 min), and 2.36 ± 0.40 (150 min). Immunofluorescence staining of frozen tissue slices from c-neu oncomice confirmed the expression of β<sub>3</sub>-integrin in both tumor cells and endothelial cells of the murine mammary carcinoma (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>). β<sub>3</sub>-integrin was also detected in the liver, lung, kidneys, and glomerulus. No significant difference in organ distribution of [<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4 was observed among all three animal models. In a control study, microPET imaging of 3.7 MBq (100 μCi) [<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4 in nude mice (<i>n</i> = 3) bearing an integrin-negative s.c. DU145 tumor. The ROI tumor radioactivity levels (%ID/g) were significantly lower with 1.44 ± 0.34 (30 min) and 0.93 ± 0.13 (60 min) (<a class="bibr" href="#F18FPRGD4.REF.1" rid="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">1</a>).</p></div><div id="F18FPRGD4.Other_NonPrimate_Mam"><h3>Other Non-Primate Mammals</h3><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=((18F-FPRGD4)+OR+(18F-labeled+PEGylated+tetrameric+RGD+peptide))+AND+(dog+OR+rabbit+OR+pig+OR+sheep)" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No publication is currently available.</p></div><div id="F18FPRGD4.NonHuman_Primates"><h3>Non-Human Primates</h3><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=((18F-FPRGD4)+OR+(18F-labeled+PEGylated+tetrameric+RGD+peptide))+AND+(primate+NOT+human)" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No publication is currently available.</p></div></div><div id="F18FPRGD4.Human_Studies"><h2 id="_F18FPRGD4_Human_Studies_">Human Studies</h2><p>[<a href="/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=((18F-FPRGD4)+OR+(18F-labeled+PEGylated+tetrameric+RGD+peptide))AND+human" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PubMed</a>]</p><p>No publication is currently available.</p></div><div id="F18FPRGD4.NIH_Support"><h2 id="_F18FPRGD4_NIH_Support_">NIH Support</h2><p>NIH NIBIB R21 EB001785, NCI CA102123, P50 CA114747, U54 CA119367, R24 CA93862.</p></div><div id="F18FPRGD4.references"><h2 id="_F18FPRGD4_references_">References</h2><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.1">Wu Z. , Li Z.B. , Chen K. , Cai W. , He L. , Chin F.T. , Li F. , Chen X. microPET of tumor integrin alphavbeta3 expression using 18F-labeled PEGylated tetrameric RGD peptide (18F-FPRGD4). <span><span class="ref-journal">J Nucl Med. </span>2007;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>48</strong>
|
|
</span>(9):1536–44.</span> [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4183663/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4183663</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17704249" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17704249</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.2">Jin H. , Varner J. Integrins: roles in cancer development and as treatment targets. <span><span class="ref-journal">Br J Cancer. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>90</strong>
|
|
</span>(3):561–5.</span> [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2410157/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2410157</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14760364" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14760364</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.3">Paulhe F. , Manenti S. , Ysebaert L. , Betous R. , Sultan P. , Racaud-Sultan C. Integrin function and signaling as pharmacological targets in cardiovascular diseases and in cancer. <span><span class="ref-journal">Curr Pharm Des. </span>2005;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>11</strong>
|
|
</span>(16):2119–34.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15974963" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15974963</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.4">Hood J.D. , Cheresh D.A. Role of integrins in cell invasion and migration. <span><span class="ref-journal">Nat Rev Cancer. </span>2002;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>2</strong>
|
|
</span>(2):91–100.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12635172" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12635172</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.5">Hwang R. , Varner J. The role of integrins in tumor angiogenesis. <span><span class="ref-journal">Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>18</strong>
|
|
</span>(5):991–1006.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15474331" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15474331</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.6">Cai W. , Shin D.W. , Chen K. , Gheysens O. , Cao Q. , Wang S.X. , Gambhir S.S. , Chen X. Peptide-labeled near-infrared quantum dots for imaging tumor vasculature in living subjects. <span><span class="ref-journal">Nano Lett. </span>2006;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>6</strong>
|
|
</span>(4):669–76.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16608262" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16608262</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>7.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.7">Massoud T.F. , Gambhir S.S. Molecular imaging in living subjects: seeing fundamental biological processes in a new light. <span><span class="ref-journal">Genes Dev. </span>2003;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>17</strong>
|
|
</span>(5):545–80.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12629038" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12629038</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>8.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.8">Haubner R. , Wester H.J. Radiolabeled tracers for imaging of tumor angiogenesis and evaluation of anti-angiogenic therapies. <span><span class="ref-journal">Curr Pharm Des. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>10</strong>
|
|
</span>(13):1439–55.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15134568" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15134568</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>9.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.9">Chen X. , Tohme M. , Park R. , Hou Y. , Bading J.R. , Conti P.S. Micro-PET imaging of alphavbeta3-integrin expression with 18F-labeled dimeric RGD peptide. <span><span class="ref-journal">Mol Imaging. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>3</strong>
|
|
</span>(2):96–104.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15296674" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15296674</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>10.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.10">Chen X. , Park R. , Shahinian A.H. , Bading J.R. , Conti P.S. Pharmacokinetics and tumor retention of 125I-labeled RGD peptide are improved by PEGylation. <span><span class="ref-journal">Nucl Med Biol. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>31</strong>
|
|
</span>(1):11–9.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14741566" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14741566</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>11.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.11">Chen X. , Park R. , Hou Y. , Khankaldyyan V. , Gonzales-Gomez I. , Tohme M. , Bading J.R. , Laug W.E. , Conti P.S. MicroPET imaging of brain tumor angiogenesis with 18F-labeled PEGylated RGD peptide. <span><span class="ref-journal">Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>31</strong>
|
|
</span>(8):1081–9.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15118844" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15118844</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>12.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.12">Wu Y. , Zhang X. , Xiong Z. , Cheng Z. , Fisher D.R. , Liu S. , Gambhir S.S. , Chen X. microPET imaging of glioma integrin {alpha}v{beta}3 expression using (64)Cu-labeled tetrameric RGD peptide. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Nucl Med. </span>2005;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>46</strong>
|
|
</span>(10):1707–18.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16204722" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16204722</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>13.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="F18FPRGD4.REF.13">Chen X. , Park R. , Shahinian A.H. , Tohme M. , Khankaldyyan V. , Bozorgzadeh M.H. , Bading J.R. , Moats R. , Laug W.E. , Conti P.S. 18F-labeled RGD peptide: initial evaluation for imaging brain tumor angiogenesis. <span><span class="ref-journal">Nucl Med Biol. </span>2004;<span class="ref-vol">
|
|
<strong>31</strong>
|
|
</span>(2):179–89.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15013483" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15013483</span></a>]</div></dd></dl></dl></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><h2 id="_NBK23235_pubdet_">Publication Details</h2><h3>Author Information and Affiliations</h3><div class="contrib half_rhythm"><span itemprop="author">Kenneth T. Cheng</span>, PhD<div class="affiliation small">
|
|
National Center for Biotechnology Information, NLM, NIH, Bethesda, MD,
|
|
<span class="before-email-separator"></span><span class="email-label">Email: </span><a href="mailto:dev@null" data-email="vog.hin.mln.ibcn@dacim" class="oemail">vog.hin.mln.ibcn@dacim</a>
|
|
</div></div><h3>Publication History</h3><p class="small">Created: <span itemprop="datePublished">February 20, 2008</span>; Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">March 12, 2008</span>.</p><h3>Copyright</h3><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div></div><h3>Publisher</h3><p><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)</a>, Bethesda (MD)</p><h3>NLM Citation</h3><p>Cheng KT. [18F]FB-NH-mini-PEG-E{E[c(RGDyK)]2}2. 2008 Feb 20 [Updated 2008 Mar 12]. In: Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2013. <span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></p></div><div class="small-screen-prev"><a href="/books/n/micad/NAPamide18F/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="small-screen-next"><a href="/books/n/micad/Choline-D4-18F/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobF18FPRGD4T1"><div id="F18FPRGD4.T1" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK23235/table/F18FPRGD4.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__F18FPRGD4.T1_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Chemical name:</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">[<sup>18</sup>F]FB-NH-mini-PEG-E{E(c(RGDyK)]<sub>2</sub>}<sub>2</sub></td><td rowspan="9" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">
|
|
<a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/49649810" title="View this structure in PubChem" class="img_link" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubchem"><img src="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/image/imgsrv.fcgi?t=l&sid=49649810" alt="image 49649810 in the ncbi pubchem database" /></a>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Abbreviated name:</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">[<sup>18</sup>F]FPRGD4</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Synonym:</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><sup>18</sup>F-PEG-RGD, <sup>18</sup>F-labeled PEGylated tetrameric RGD peptide</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Agent Category:</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Peptide</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Target:</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Target Category:</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Receptor binding</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Method of detection:</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Positron Emission Tomography (PET)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Source of signal /contrast:</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><sup>18</sup>F</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Activation:</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Studies:</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<img alt="Checkbox" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/studies.checkbox.png" />
|
|
<i>In vitro</i>
|
|
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<img alt="Checkbox" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/studies.checkbox.png" /> Rodents
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Click on <a href="/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=protein&val=4504763" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">protein</a>, <a href="/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=nucleotide&val=40217844" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">nucleotide</a> (RefSeq), and <a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=full_report&list_uids=3685" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">gene</a> for more information about integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub>.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Book content -->
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/rlib/js/InstrumentNCBIBaseJS/InstrumentPageStarterJS.js"> </script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID /projects/books/PBooks@9.11 portal104 v4.1.r689238 Tue, Oct 22 2024 16:10:51 -->
|
|
<span id="portal-csrf-token" style="display:none" data-token="CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID"></span>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/js/3968615.js" snapshot="books"></script></body>
|
|
</html>
|