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<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE" /><meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]" /><meta name="citation_title" content="Finasteride" /><meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases" /><meta name="citation_date" content="2018/01/09" /><meta name="citation_pmid" content="31643642" /><meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548319/" /><link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="Finasteride" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases" /><meta name="DC.Date" content="2018/01/09" /><meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548319/" /><meta name="description" content="Finasteride is a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy and male pattern baldness. Finasteride is associated with a low rate of transient serum aminotransferase elevations, but has yet to be linked to instances of clinically apparent, acute liver injury." /><meta name="og:title" content="Finasteride" /><meta name="og:type" content="book" /><meta name="og:description" content="Finasteride is a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy and male pattern baldness. Finasteride is associated with a low rate of transient serum aminotransferase elevations, but has yet to be linked to instances of clinically apparent, acute liver injury." /><meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548319/" /><meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-livertox-lrg.png" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /><meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks" /><meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/livertox/Finasteride/" /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548319/" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/figpopup.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_print.min.css" type="text/css" media="print" /><style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} .body-content h2, .body-content .h2 {border-bottom: 1px solid #97B0C8} .body-content h2.inline {border-bottom: none} a.page-toc-label , .jig-ncbismoothscroll a {text-decoration:none;border:0 !important} .temp-labeled-list .graphic {display:inline-block !important} .temp-labeled-list img{width:100%}</style><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.hoverIntent.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/common.min.js?_=3.18"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/large-obj-scrollbars.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript">window.name="mainwindow";</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/book-toc.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/books.min.js"> </script><meta name="book-collection" content="NONE" />
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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012-. </p></div><div class="iconblock clearfix whole_rhythm no_top_margin bk_noprnt"><a class="img_link icnblk_img" title="All Drug Records" href="/books/n/livertox/"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-livertox-lrg.png" alt="Cover of LiverTox" height="100px" width="80px" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt eight_col"><h2>LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet].</h2><a data-jig="ncbitoggler" href="#__NBK548319_dtls__">Show details</a><div style="display:none" class="ui-widget" id="__NBK548319_dtls__"><div>Bethesda (MD): <a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases</a>; 2012-.</div></div><div class="half_rhythm"><ul class="inline_list"><li style="margin-right:1em"><a class="bk_cntns" href="/books/n/livertox/">Drug Records</a></li></ul></div><div class="bk_noprnt"><form method="get" action="/books/n/livertox/" id="bk_srch"><div class="bk_search"><label for="bk_term" class="offscreen_noflow">Search term</label><input type="text" title="Search this book" id="bk_term" name="term" value="" data-jig="ncbiclearbutton" /> <input type="submit" class="jig-ncbibutton" value="Search this book" submit="false" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;" /></div></form></div></div><div class="icnblk_cntnt two_col"><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><a class="active page_link prev" href="/books/n/livertox/Fidaxomicin/" title="Previous page in this title">< Prev</a><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/livertox/Finerenone/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK548319_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Finasteride</span></h1><p class="small">Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">January 9, 2018</span>.</p></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><div id="Finasteride.OVERVIEW"><h2 id="_Finasteride_OVERVIEW_">OVERVIEW</h2><div id="Finasteride.Introduction"><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Finasteride is a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy and male pattern baldness. Finasteride is associated with a low rate of transient serum aminotransferase elevations, but has yet to be linked to instances of clinically apparent, acute liver injury.</p></div><div id="Finasteride.Background"><h3>Background</h3><p>Finasteride (fin as' ter ide) was the first 5-alpha reductase inhibitor to be approved for use as therapy of symptomatic benign prostatic hypertrophy in the United States. Finasteride inhibits the steroid 5-alpha reductase, which blocks the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, a form of the androgenic hormone that is important in the development and maintenance of prostatic hyperplasia. Serum dihydrotesterone levels are decreased by 70% to 90% by finasteride therapy with little effect on testosterone levels. Finasteride takes several months to have an effect on prostate size and symptoms of prostatic hypertrophy (urinary hesitancy and poor stream), unlike the alpha-1 adrenergic receptor blockers which have a more immediate effect. Finasteride also inhibits the steroid 5-alpha reductase present in skin, which led to its use in the therapy or prevention of male pattern baldness. Finasteride was approved for use in the United States in 1992 and is available in 5 mg tablets generically and under the trade name Proscar for prostatic hypertrophy, and as 1 mg tablets under the name Propecia for male pattern baldness. The recommended dose for therapy of prostatic hypertrophy is 5 mg once daily, and it generally requires 3 to 6 months before an effect is obtained and thereafter requires long term therapy. The dose of finasteride for male pattern baldness is 1 mg daily. It is not recommended as therapy for baldness in women. Side effects are uncommon, but include a low rate of impotence and decreased libido, gynecomastia, dizziness and weakness. Finasteride also decreases serum PSA levels (~50%), which should be monitored during therapy.</p></div><div id="Finasteride.Hepatotoxicity"><h3>Hepatotoxicity</h3><p>Finasteride has been associated with a low rate of serum aminotransferase elevations that, in controlled trials, was no higher than with placebo therapy. These elevations were transient and rarely required dose modification, and have occurred with both the 5 mg dose for prostatic hypertrophy and the 1 mg dose for hair growth. There have been published reports of transient serum enzyme elevations occurring during finasteride therapy, but none of clinically apparent liver injury.</p><p><a class="def" href="/books/n/livertox/glossary/def-item/glossary.likelihood-score/">Likelihood score</a>: E (unlikely cause of clinically apparent liver injury).</p></div><div id="Finasteride.Mechanism_of_Injury"><h3>Mechanism of Injury</h3><p>The cause of liver injury associated with finasteride is not known. Finasteride is an azosteroid and is extensively metabolized in the liver via the cytochrome P450 system (CYP 3A4) and a relatively toxic intermediate might cause the mild serum enzyme elevations that can occur with therapy.</p><p>References on the safety and potential hepatotoxicity of finasteride are given in the Overview section on the 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors.</p><p>Drug Class: <a href="/books/n/livertox/BPHAgents/">Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy Agents</a>, <a href="/books/n/livertox/five-ARIs/">5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors</a></p></div></div><div id="Finasteride.PRODUCT_INFORMATION"><h2 id="_Finasteride_PRODUCT_INFORMATION_">PRODUCT INFORMATION</h2><div id="Finasteride.BPI" class="box"><p>
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<b> REPRESENTATIVE TRADE NAMES</b>
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</p><p>Finasteride – Generic, Proscar®</p><p>
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<b>DRUG CLASS</b>
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</p><p>Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy Agents</p><p>
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<a href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?labeltype=all&query=Finasteride" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">COMPLETE LABELING</a>
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</p><p>Product labeling at DailyMed, National Library of Medicine, NIH</p></div></div><div id="Finasteride.CHEMICAL_FORMULA_AND_STRUCTU"><h2 id="_Finasteride_CHEMICAL_FORMULA_AND_STRUCTU_">CHEMICAL FORMULA AND STRUCTURE</h2><div id="Finasteride.T1" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK548319/table/Finasteride.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__Finasteride.T1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_Finasteride.T1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">DRUG</th><th id="hd_h_Finasteride.T1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">CAS REGISTRY NUMBER</th><th id="hd_h_Finasteride.T1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">MOLECULAR FORMULA</th><th id="hd_h_Finasteride.T1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">STRUCTURE</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_Finasteride.T1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">Finasteride</td><td headers="hd_h_Finasteride.T1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">
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<a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/135016317" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubchem">98319-26-7</a>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_Finasteride.T1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">C23-H36-N2-O2</td><td headers="hd_h_Finasteride.T1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">
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<div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK548319/bin/Finasteride_Structure.jpg" alt="Finasteride Chemical Structure" /></div>
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</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div>
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<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=search&db=pubmed&pubmedfilters=true&term=(Finasteride/AE)+AND+Human%5BMH%5D+AND+(drug+induced+liver+injury+OR+jaundice/CI+OR+bile+duct+diseases/CI+OR+liver/DE+OR+liver+diseases/CI)+AND+(%221900/1/1%22%5BEDat%5D%3A%222999/12/31%22%5BEDat%5D)" ref="pagearea=document-links&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Recent References on Finasteride: from PubMed.gov</a>
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19(6):413-25. </em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/10765065" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=2&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Dihydrotestosterone and the concept of 5alpha-reductase inhibition in human benign prostatic hyperplasia.</a><span class="source">[Eur Urol. 2000]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Dihydrotestosterone and the concept of 5alpha-reductase inhibition in human benign prostatic hyperplasia.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Bartsch G, Rittmaster RS, Klocker H. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">Eur Urol. 2000 Apr; 37(4):367-80. </em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/31643389" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=3&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Dutasteride.</a><span class="source">[LiverTox: Clinical and Researc...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Dutasteride.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury. 2012</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/33872554" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=4&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> The clinical applications of five-alpha reductase inhibitors.</a><span class="source">[Can J Urol. 2021]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> The clinical applications of five-alpha reductase inhibitors.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Loughlin KR. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">Can J Urol. 2021 Apr; 28(2):10584-10588. </em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/31644067" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=5&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Alpha Reductase Inhibitors.</a><span class="source">[LiverTox: Clinical and Researc...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Alpha Reductase Inhibitors.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury. 2012</em></div></div></li></ul><a class="seemore" href="/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed_reviews&uid=31643642" ref="ordinalpos=1&log$=relatedreviews_seeall&logdbfrom=pubmed">See reviews...</a><a class="seemore" href="/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&uid=31643642" ref="ordinalpos=1&log$=relatedarticles_seeall&logdbfrom=pubmed">See all...</a></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Recent Activity</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="recent_activity" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" id="HTDisplay" class=""><div class="action"><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('ClearHT')">Clear</a><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOff')" class="HTOn">Turn Off</a><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOn')" class="HTOff">Turn On</a></div><ul id="activity"><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=1" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c8df6aa68b6b5afc6e9ed7">Finasteride - LiverTox</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Finasteride - LiverTox<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=2" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c8df69f4a390645e2b6cd8">Fidaxomicin - LiverTox</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Fidaxomicin - LiverTox<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=3" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c8df68a68b6b5afc6e97fe">Fibrates - LiverTox</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Fibrates - LiverTox<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=4" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c8df66a68b6b5afc6e90ad">Fezolinetant - LiverTox</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Fezolinetant - LiverTox<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=5" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c8df65b15b832ebc096d4a">Fexofenadine - LiverTox</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Fexofenadine - LiverTox<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li></ul><p class="HTOn">Your browsing activity is empty.</p><p class="HTOff">Activity recording is turned off.</p><p id="turnOn" class="HTOff"><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOn')">Turn recording back on</a></p><a class="seemore" href="/sites/myncbi/recentactivity">See more...</a></div></div></div>
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