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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p></div><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><span class="inactive page_link prev">&lt; Prev</span><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/intro/" title="Next page in this title">Next &gt;</a></div></div></div>
<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Book"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix no_top_margin"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)" class="img_link icnblk_img" ref="pagearea=logo&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=publisher"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-helpbookshelf-lrg.png" alt="Cover of Bookshelf Help" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h1 id="_NBK3833_"><span itemprop="name">Bookshelf Help</span></h1><div class="half_rhythm">Bethesda (MD): <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=meta&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=publisher"><span itemprop="publisher">National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)</span></a>; <span itemprop="datePublished">2005</span>-.</div><div class="half_rhythm"><ul class="inline_list"><li><span class="label"><a data-jig="ncbidialog" href="#_ncbi_dlg_cpyrght_NBK3833" data-jigconfig="modal:true">Copyright and
Permissions</a></span></li></ul></div><div id="_ncbi_dlg_cpyrght_NBK3833" style="display:none" title="Copyright and&#10; Permissions"><div>This publication is in the public domain. For more information, see the <a href="/books/about/copyright/">Bookshelf Copyright Notice</a>.</div></div><div class="bk_noprnt"><form method="get" action="/books/n/helpbookshelf/" id="bk_srch"><div class="bk_search"><label for="bk_term" class="offscreen_noflow">Search term</label><input type="text" title="Search this book" id="bk_term" name="term" value="" data-jig="ncbiclearbutton" /> <input type="submit" class="jig-ncbibutton" value="Search this book" submit="false" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;" /></div></form></div></div></div></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><div itemprop="description"><p>Bookshelf, the books division of the NLM Literature Archive (LitArch) at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI),
is an online searchable collection of books, reports, databases, and other scholarly literature in biology, medicine, and the
life sciences. This documentation describes the Bookshelf project and features for accessing the literature and addresses some commonly asked questions.</p></div><div><h2>Contents</h2><div class="bktoc_all_cntnr top align_right" style="display:none"><ul class="inline_list_right"><li><a class="bktoc_all_exp" href="#">Expand All</a></li><li style="margin-left:.8em"><a class="bktoc_all_clps" href="#">Collapse All</a></li></ul></div><ul id="toc_tllNBK3833_toc_intro" class="simple-list toc toc-toggle"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_intro"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/intro/">Introduction</a><div class="small">Created: September 30, 2010; Last Update: January 15, 2021.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK3833_toc_intro" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_intro_Searching_Bookshelf"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/intro/#intro.Searching_Bookshelf">Searching Bookshelf</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_intro_Browsing_versus_Searching"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/intro/#intro.Browsing_versus_Searching">Browsing <i>versus</i> Searching</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_intro_Integration_with_Other_NCBI_Databa"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/intro/#intro.Integration_with_Other_NCBI_Databa">Integration with Other NCBI Databases</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_intro_Copyright_Permissions_and_Conditio"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/intro/#intro.Copyright_Permissions_and_Conditio">Copyright, Permissions, and Conditions of Use</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_intro_Information_for_Authors_and_Publis"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/intro/#intro.Information_for_Authors_and_Publis">Information for Authors and Publishers</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_quickstart"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/quickstart/">Quick Start Guide</a><div class="small">Created: September 30, 2010; Last Update: August 27, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK3833_toc_quickstart" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_quickstart_Search_Tips"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/quickstart/#quickstart.Search_Tips">Search Tips</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_browse"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/browse/">Browsing Bookshelf</a><div class="small">Created: September 30, 2010; Last Update: February 18, 2014.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK3833_toc_browse" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_browse_From_the_Bookshelf_Homepage"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/browse/#browse.From_the_Bookshelf_Homepage">From the Bookshelf Homepage</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_browse_From_the_Browse_Titles_Page"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/browse/#browse.From_the_Browse_Titles_Page">From the Browse Titles Page</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_browse_From_a_Publication_s_Table_of_Con"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/browse/#browse.From_a_Publication_s_Table_of_Con">From a Publication&#x02019;s Table of Contents</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_browse_From_within_a_Page"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/browse/#browse.From_within_a_Page">From within a Page</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_search"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/search/">Searching Bookshelf</a><div class="small">Created: September 30, 2010; Last Update: February 11, 2019.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK3833_toc_search" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_search_Facets"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/search/#search.Facets">Facets</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_search_Advanced_Search"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/search/#search.Advanced_Search">Advanced Search</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_search_Displaying_Your_Search_Results"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/search/#search.Displaying_Your_Search_Results">Displaying Your Search Results</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_search_Links_to_Related_Data_in_Other_NC"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/search/#search.Links_to_Related_Data_in_Other_NC">Links to Related Data in Other NCBI Resources</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_search_Displaying_the_Search_Details"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/search/#search.Displaying_the_Search_Details">Displaying the Search Details</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_search_Creating_Alerts"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/search/#search.Creating_Alerts">Creating Alerts</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_search_Saving_and_Emailing_Results_and_S"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/search/#search.Saving_and_Emailing_Results_and_S">Saving and E-mailing Results and Searches</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK3833_toc_faq"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/helpbookshelf/faq/">Frequently Asked Questions</a><div class="small">Created: September 30, 2010; 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