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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p></div><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><span class="inactive page_link prev">< Prev</span><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/handbook2e/editors/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div>
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Library of Medicine (<a class="def" href="/books/n/handbook2e/glossary/def-item/nlm/">NLM</a>) at the U.S. National Institutes of Health, is a leader in
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the field of <a class="def" href="/books/n/handbook2e/glossary/def-item/bioinformatics/">bioinformatics</a>; it studies computational approaches to fundamental
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questions in biology and provides online delivery of biomedical information and
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bioinformatics tools. NCBI hosts approximately 40 online literature and molecular
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biology databases—including PubMed, PubMed Central, and GenBank—that
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serve millions of users around the world. The second edition of the NCBI Handbook,
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released in November 2013 in conjunction with the 25th anniversary of NCBI, aims to
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provide a comprehensive overview of the breadth of informatics resources at NCBI,
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and an in-depth account of the scope, data, infrastructure, processing, and access
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for each major <a class="def" href="/books/n/handbook2e/glossary/def-item/database/">database</a> or resource. The databases and resources are organized here
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into seven concept areas: literature, genomes, variation, health, genes and <a class="def" href="/books/n/handbook2e/glossary/def-item/gene-expression/">gene expression</a>, nucleotide, proteins, and small molecules and biological assays. Three
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additional categories encompass tools, infrastructure, and metadata. Each concept
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area begins with an overview chapter that provides a contextual framework for the
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resources discussed under that concept; the overview is followed by separate
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chapters that cover individual databases or resources.</p><p>As with the first edition, The <a class="def" href="/books/n/handbook2e/glossary/def-item/ncbi/">NCBI</a> Handbook 2nd Edition is geared towards advanced
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users of NCBI resources to provide an understanding of how <a class="def" href="/books/n/handbook2e/glossary/def-item/bioinformatics/">bioinformatics</a> resources
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at NCBI work. It is not a step-by-step user manual but complements NCBI user guides,
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tutorials, help information, and other existing documentation. It is our intent that
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resources, and tools at NCBI, with information updated periodically.</p></div><div><h2>Contents</h2><div class="bktoc_all_cntnr top align_right" style="display:none"><ul class="inline_list_right"><li><a class="bktoc_all_exp" href="#">Expand All</a></li><li style="margin-left:.8em"><a class="bktoc_all_clps" href="#">Collapse All</a></li></ul></div><ul id="toc_tllNBK143764_toc_editors" class="simple-list toc toc-toggle"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_editors"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/editors/">Editors and Reviewers</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_fm_history"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/fm.history/">A Brief History of NCBI’s Formation and Growth</a><div>Kent Smith.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Literature"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Literature/">Literature</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Literature" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutLiterature"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutLiterature/">NCBI Literature Resources</a><div>Ed Sequeira.</div><div class="small">Created: November 14, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_AboutLiterature" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutLiterature_Introduction"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutLiterature/#AboutLiterature.Introduction">Introduction</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NLMCatalog"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NLMCatalog/">NLM Catalog</a><div>Sarah Weis.</div><div class="small">Created: February 21, 2013; Last Update: July 19, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_NLMCatalog" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NLMCatalog_History_and_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NLMCatalog/#NLMCatalog.History_and_Scope">History and Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NLMCatalog_Data_Sources"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NLMCatalog/#NLMCatalog.Data_Sources">Data Sources</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NLMCatalog_Using_the_NLM_Catalog"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NLMCatalog/#NLMCatalog.Using_the_NLM_Catalog">Using the NLM Catalog</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NLMCatalog_Related_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NLMCatalog/#NLMCatalog.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubMed"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubMed/">PubMed: The Bibliographic Database</a><div>Kathi Canese and Sarah Weis.</div><div class="small">Created: October 9, 2002; Last Update: March 20, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_PubMed" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubMed_Summary"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubMed/#PubMed.Summary">Summary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubMed_Data_Sources"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubMed/#PubMed.Data_Sources">Data Sources</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubMed_Electronic_Data_Submission"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubMed/#PubMed.Electronic_Data_Submission">Electronic Data Submission</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubMed_Database_Management_and_Hardware"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubMed/#PubMed.Database_Management_and_Hardware">Database Management and Hardware</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubMed_Indexing"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubMed/#PubMed.Indexing">Indexing</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubMed_How_PubMed_Queries_Are_Processed"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubMed/#PubMed.How_PubMed_Queries_Are_Processed">How PubMed Queries Are Processed</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubMed_Using_PubMed"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubMed/#PubMed.Using_PubMed">Using PubMed</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubMed_Additional_PubMed_Features"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubMed/#PubMed.Additional_PubMed_Features">Additional PubMed Features</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubMed_Results"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubMed/#PubMed.Results">Results</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubMed_How_to_Create_Hyperlinks_to_PubMe"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubMed/#PubMed.How_to_Create_Hyperlinks_to_PubMe">How to Create Hyperlinks to PubMed</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubMed_Customer_Support"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubMed/#PubMed.Customer_Support">Customer Support</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PMC"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PMC/">PubMed Central</a><div>Chris Maloney, Ed Sequeira, Christopher Kelly, Rebecca Orris, and Jeffrey Beck.</div><div class="small">Created: November 14, 2013; Last Update: December 5, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_PMC" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PMC_Overview_of_PMC"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PMC/#PMC.Overview_of_PMC">Overview of PMC</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PMC_Architecture_Overview"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PMC/#PMC.Architecture_Overview">Architecture Overview</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PMC_Ingest"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PMC/#PMC.Ingest">Ingest</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PMC_Retrieval__Data_Processing"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PMC/#PMC.Retrieval__Data_Processing">Retrieval / Data Processing</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PMC_Rendering"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PMC/#PMC.Rendering">Rendering</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PMC_PMCI"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PMC/#PMC.PMCI">PMCI</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PMC_Other_Tools_and_Utilities"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PMC/#PMC.Other_Tools_and_Utilities">Other Tools and Utilities</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PMC_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PMC/#PMC.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Bookshelf"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Bookshelf/">Bookshelf</a><div>Marilu Hoeppner, Martin Latterner, and Karanjit Siyan.</div><div class="small">Created: March 18, 2013; Last Update: November 4, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Bookshelf" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Bookshelf_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Bookshelf/#Bookshelf.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Bookshelf_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Bookshelf/#Bookshelf.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Bookshelf_The_Collection_and_Content"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Bookshelf/#Bookshelf.The_Collection_and_Content">The Collection and Content</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Bookshelf_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Bookshelf/#Bookshelf.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Bookshelf_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Bookshelf/#Bookshelf.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Bookshelf_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Bookshelf/#Bookshelf.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Bookshelf_Related_Resources"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Bookshelf/#Bookshelf.Related_Resources">Related Resources</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Bookshelf_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Bookshelf/#Bookshelf.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_JATS"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/JATS/">NLM DTD to NISO JATS Z39.96-2012</a><div>Jeffrey Beck and Laura Randall.</div><div class="small">Created: November 14, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_JATS" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_JATS_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/JATS/#JATS.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_JATS_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/JATS/#JATS.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_JATS_The_NLM_DTDs"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/JATS/#JATS.The_NLM_DTDs">The NLM DTDs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_JATS_Involvement_of_NISO"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/JATS/#JATS.Involvement_of_NISO">Involvement of NISO</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_JATS_The_Standard_and_the_Supporting_Inf"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/JATS/#JATS.The_Standard_and_the_Supporting_Inf">The Standard and the Supporting Information</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_JATS_The_Future_of_JATS"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/JATS/#JATS.The_Future_of_JATS">The Future of JATS</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_JATS_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/JATS/#JATS.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NIHMS"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NIHMS/">The NIH Manuscript Submission System</a><div>Abigail Acland.</div><div class="small">Created: March 15, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_NIHMS" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NIHMS_Summary"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NIHMS/#NIHMS.Summary">Summary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NIHMS_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NIHMS/#NIHMS.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NIHMS_Ingest"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NIHMS/#NIHMS.Ingest">Ingest</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NIHMS_Ingest_QA"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NIHMS/#NIHMS.Ingest_QA">Ingest QA</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NIHMS_Conversion"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NIHMS/#NIHMS.Conversion">Conversion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NIHMS_XML_in_NIHMS"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NIHMS/#NIHMS.XML_in_NIHMS">XML in NIHMS</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NIHMS_QA_of_Converted_Materials"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NIHMS/#NIHMS.QA_of_Converted_Materials">QA of Converted Materials</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NIHMS_Additional_Processing"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NIHMS/#NIHMS.Additional_Processing">Additional Processing</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_NIHMS_Reporting_Systems_And_NIHMS"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/NIHMS/#NIHMS.Reporting_Systems_And_NIHMS">Reporting Systems And NIHMS</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Genomes/">Genomes</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Genomes" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutGenomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutGenomes/">What’s in a Genome at NCBI?</a><div>James Ostell.</div><div class="small">Created: November 8, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_AboutGenomes" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutGenomes_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutGenomes/#AboutGenomes.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutGenomes_What_is_a_Genome"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutGenomes/#AboutGenomes.What_is_a_Genome">What is a Genome?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutGenomes_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutGenomes/#AboutGenomes.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutGenomes_Resources_Tools_and_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutGenomes/#AboutGenomes.Resources_Tools_and_Access">Resources, Tools, and Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutGenomes_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutGenomes/#AboutGenomes.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GenBank_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GenBank/">GenBank</a><div>Ilene Mizrachi.</div><div class="small">Created: November 12, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_GenBank_Genomes" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GenBank_Scope_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GenBank/#GenBank.Scope">Scope</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/">Protein Clusters</a><div>Tatiana Tatusova, Leonid Zaslavsky, Boris Fedorov, Diana Haddad, Anjana Vatsan, Danso Ako-adjei, Olga Blinkova, and Hassan Ghazal.</div><div class="small">Created: September 14, 2014.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Genomes" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Scope_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_History_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Data_Model_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Clustering_Methods_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Clustering_Methods">Clustering Methods</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Dataflow_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Manual_Curation_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Manual_Curation">Manual Curation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Cluster_Display_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Cluster_Display">Cluster Display</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Access_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Related_Tools_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_References_Genomes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Eukaryotes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Eukaryotes/">Eukaryotes</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Eukaryotes" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Clone"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Clone/">Clone</a><div>Valerie Schneider.</div><div class="small">Created: November 14, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Clone" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Clone_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Clone/#Clone.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Clone_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Clone/#Clone.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Clone_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Clone/#Clone.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Clone_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Clone/#Clone.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Clone_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Clone/#Clone.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Clone_Related_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Clone/#Clone.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Clone_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Clone/#Clone.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GenomeReferenceConsortium"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GenomeReferenceConsortium/">Genome Reference Consortium</a><div>Valerie Schneider and Deanna Church.</div><div class="small">Created: November 14, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_GenomeReferenceConsortium" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GenomeReferenceConsortium_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GenomeReferenceConsortium/#GenomeReferenceConsortium.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GenomeReferenceConsortium_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GenomeReferenceConsortium/#GenomeReferenceConsortium.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GenomeReferenceConsortium_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GenomeReferenceConsortium/#GenomeReferenceConsortium.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GenomeReferenceConsortium_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GenomeReferenceConsortium/#GenomeReferenceConsortium.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GenomeReferenceConsortium_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GenomeReferenceConsortium/#GenomeReferenceConsortium.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GenomeReferenceConsortium_Related_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GenomeReferenceConsortium/#GenomeReferenceConsortium.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GenomeReferenceConsortium_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GenomeReferenceConsortium/#GenomeReferenceConsortium.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline/">Eukaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline</a><div>Françoise Thibaud-Nissen, Alexander Souvorov, Terence Murphy, Michael DiCuccio, and Paul Kitts.</div><div class="small">Created: November 14, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#EukaryoticAnnotationPipeline.References">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Prokaryotes"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Prokaryotes/">Prokaryotes</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Prokaryotes" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing/">About Prokaryotic Genome Processing and Tools</a><div>Tatiana Tatusova, Stacy Ciufo, Boris Fedorov, Kathleen O’Neill, Igor Tolstoy, and Leonid Zaslavsky.</div><div class="small">Created: January 23, 2014.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing/#AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing/#AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing_Data_Mo"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing/#AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing.Data_Mo">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing_Dataflo"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing/#AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing.Dataflo">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing/#AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing_Related"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing/#AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing.Related">Related Tools and Resources</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing_Referen"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing/#AboutProkaryoticGenomeProcessing.Referen">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline/">Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline</a><div>Tatiana Tatusova, Mike DiCuccio, Azat Badretdin, Vyacheslav Chetvernin, Stacy Ciufo, and Wenjun Li.</div><div class="small">Created: December 10, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline_Annotation"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline.Annotation">Annotation Standards</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline_GenBank_Su"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline.GenBank_Su">GenBank Submission Service</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline_RefSeq_Gen"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline.RefSeq_Gen">RefSeq Genome Annotations</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline_Autonomous"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline.Autonomous">Autonomous Protein Records</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline_Data_Acces"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline.Data_Acces">Data Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline_Reannotati"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline.Reannotati">Re-annotation Consortium</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline_Related_To"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline.Related_To">Related Tools and Resources</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline/#ProkaryoticAnnotationPipeline.References">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Viruses"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Viruses/">Viruses</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Viruses" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusGenomeProcessingandTools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusGenomeProcessingandTools/">About Viral and Phage Genome Processing and Tools</a><div>Yiming Bao, J. Rodney Brister, Olga Blinkova, Danso Ako-adjei, and Chetvernin Vyacheslav.</div><div class="small">Created: March 30, 2013; Last Update: May 10, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_VirusGenomeProcessingandTools" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusGenomeProcessingandTools_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusGenomeProcessingandTools/#VirusGenomeProcessingandTools.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusGenomeProcessingandTools_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusGenomeProcessingandTools/#VirusGenomeProcessingandTools.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusGenomeProcessingandTools_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusGenomeProcessingandTools/#VirusGenomeProcessingandTools.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusGenomeProcessingandTools_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusGenomeProcessingandTools/#VirusGenomeProcessingandTools.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusGenomeProcessingandTools_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusGenomeProcessingandTools/#VirusGenomeProcessingandTools.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusGenomeProcessingandTools_Related_To"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusGenomeProcessingandTools/#VirusGenomeProcessingandTools.Related_To">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusGenomeProcessingandTools_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusGenomeProcessingandTools/#VirusGenomeProcessingandTools.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusVariation"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusVariation/">Virus Variation</a><div>J. Rodney Brister and Yiming Bao.</div><div class="small">Created: November 14, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_VirusVariation" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusVariation_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusVariation/#VirusVariation.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusVariation_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusVariation/#VirusVariation.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusVariation_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusVariation/#VirusVariation.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusVariation_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusVariation/#VirusVariation.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusVariation_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusVariation/#VirusVariation.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_VirusVariation_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/VirusVariation/#VirusVariation.References">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Variation"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Variation/">Variation</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Variation" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutVariation"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutVariation/">Variation Overview</a><div>Deanna Church, Stephen Sherry, Lon Phan, Minghong Ward, Melissa Landrum, and Donna Maglott.</div><div class="small">Created: November 14, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_AboutVariation" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutVariation_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutVariation/#AboutVariation.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutVariation_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutVariation/#AboutVariation.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutVariation_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutVariation/#AboutVariation.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutVariation_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutVariation/#AboutVariation.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutVariation_Related_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutVariation/#AboutVariation.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutVariation_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutVariation/#AboutVariation.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbGaP"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbGaP/">The Database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP) and PheGenI</a><div>Kimberly A Tryka, Luning Hao, Anne Sturcke, Yumi Jin, Masato Kimura, Zhen Y Wang, Lora Ziyabari, Moira Lee, and Michael Feolo.</div><div class="small">Created: August 15, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_dbGaP" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbGaP_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbGaP/#dbGaP.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbGaP_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbGaP/#dbGaP.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbGaP_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbGaP/#dbGaP.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbGaP_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbGaP/#dbGaP.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbGaP_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbGaP/#dbGaP.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbGaP_dbGaP_Authorized_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbGaP/#dbGaP.dbGaP_Authorized_Access">dbGaP Authorized Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbGaP_Related_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbGaP/#dbGaP.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbGaP_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbGaP/#dbGaP.References">References</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbGaP_Appendix__Phenotype_Quality_Contro"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbGaP/#dbGaP.Appendix__Phenotype_Quality_Contro">Appendix – Phenotype Quality Control</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbSNP"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbSNP/">The Database of Short Genetic Variation (dbSNP)</a><div>Adrienne Kitts, Lon Phan, Minghong Ward, and John Bradley Holmes.</div><div class="small">Created: June 30, 2013; Last Update: April 3, 2014.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_dbSNP" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbSNP_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbSNP/#dbSNP.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbSNP_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbSNP/#dbSNP.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbSNP_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbSNP/#dbSNP.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbSNP_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbSNP/#dbSNP.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbSNP_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbSNP/#dbSNP.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbSNP_Related_Tools_and_Studies"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbSNP/#dbSNP.Related_Tools_and_Studies">Related Tools and Studies</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbSNP_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbSNP/#dbSNP.References">References</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbSNP_Appendices"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbSNP/#dbSNP.Appendices">Appendices</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbVar"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbVar/">dbVar</a><div>Adrienne Kitts, Deanna Church, Tim Hefferon, and Lon Phan.</div><div class="small">Created: October 26, 2014.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_dbVar" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbVar_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbVar/#dbVar.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbVar_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbVar/#dbVar.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbVar_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbVar/#dbVar.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbVar_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbVar/#dbVar.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbVar_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbVar/#dbVar.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbVar_Related_Tools_and_Studies"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbVar/#dbVar.Related_Tools_and_Studies">Related Tools and Studies</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_dbVar_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/dbVar/#dbVar.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/">ClinVar</a><div>Melissa Landrum, Jennifer Lee, George Riley, Wonhee Jang, Wendy Rubinstein, Deanna Church, and Donna Maglott.</div><div class="small">Created: November 21, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_FTP"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.FTP">FTP</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_EUtilities"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.EUtilities">E-Utilities</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_Related_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.References">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Health"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Health/">Health</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Health" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_MedGen"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/MedGen/">MedGen</a><div>Maryam Halavi, Donna Maglott, Viatcheslav Gorelenkov, and Wendy Rubinstein.</div><div class="small">Created: May 28, 2013; Last Update: December 11, 2018.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_MedGen" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_MedGen_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/MedGen/#MedGen.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_MedGen_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/MedGen/#MedGen.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_MedGen_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/MedGen/#MedGen.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_MedGen_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/MedGen/#MedGen.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_MedGen_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/MedGen/#MedGen.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_MedGen_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/MedGen/#MedGen.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_Health"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/">ClinVar</a><div>Melissa Landrum, Jennifer Lee, George Riley, Wonhee Jang, Wendy Rubinstein, Deanna Church, and Donna Maglott.</div><div class="small">Created: November 21, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_Health" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_Scope_Health"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_History_Health"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_Data_Model_Health"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_Dataflow_Health"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_Access_Health"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_FTP_Health"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.FTP">FTP</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_EUtilities_Health"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.EUtilities">E-Utilities</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_Related_Tools_Health"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ClinVar_References_Health"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ClinVar/#ClinVar.References">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Genes_Gene_Expression"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Genes.Gene.Expression/">Genes and Gene Expression</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Genes_Gene_Expression" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutGeneExpression"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutGeneExpression/">Genes and Gene Expression</a><div>Donna Maglott, Tanya Barrett, Terence Murphy, Michael Feolo, Lukas Wagner, and Richa Agarwala.</div><div class="small">Created: November 7, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_AboutGeneExpression" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutGeneExpression_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutGeneExpression/#AboutGeneExpression.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutGeneExpression_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutGeneExpression/#AboutGeneExpression.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutGeneExpression_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutGeneExpression/#AboutGeneExpression.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutGeneExpression_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutGeneExpression/#AboutGeneExpression.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutGeneExpression_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutGeneExpression/#AboutGeneExpression.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GEO"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GEO/">Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)</a><div>Tanya Barrett.</div><div class="small">Created: May 19, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_GEO" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GEO_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GEO/#GEO.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GEO_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GEO/#GEO.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GEO_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GEO/#GEO.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GEO_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GEO/#GEO.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GEO_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GEO/#GEO.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GEO_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GEO/#GEO.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Gene"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Gene/">Gene</a><div>Donna Maglott, PhD, Kim Pruitt, PhD, Tatiana Tatusova, PhD, and Terence Murphy, PhD.</div><div class="small">Created: November 14, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Gene" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Gene_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Gene/#Gene.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Gene_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Gene/#Gene.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Gene_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Gene/#Gene.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Gene_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Gene/#Gene.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Gene_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Gene/#Gene.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Gene_Related_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Gene/#Gene.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Gene_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Gene/#Gene.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Unigene"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Unigene/">UniGene</a><div>Lukas Wagner and Richa Agarwala.</div><div class="small">Created: November 14, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Unigene" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Unigene_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Unigene/#Unigene.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Unigene_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Unigene/#Unigene.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Unigene_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Unigene/#Unigene.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Unigene_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Unigene/#Unigene.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Unigene_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Unigene/#Unigene.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Unigene_Related_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Unigene/#Unigene.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Unigene_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Unigene/#Unigene.References">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Nucleotide"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Nucleotide/">Nucleotide</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Nucleotide" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GenBank"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GenBank/">GenBank</a><div>Ilene Mizrachi.</div><div class="small">Created: November 12, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_GenBank" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_GenBank_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/GenBank/#GenBank.Scope">Scope</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Protein"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Protein/">Protein</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Protein" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProtein"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProtein/">NCBI Protein Resources</a><div>Eric Sayers.</div><div class="small">Created: November 12, 2013; Last Update: November 21, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_AboutProtein" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProtein_Introduction"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProtein/#AboutProtein.Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProtein_Protein"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProtein/#AboutProtein.Protein">Protein</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProtein_Structure"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProtein/#AboutProtein.Structure">Structure</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProtein_Conserved_Domains_CDD"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProtein/#AboutProtein.Conserved_Domains_CDD">Conserved Domains (CDD)</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutProtein_Protein_Clusters"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutProtein/#AboutProtein.Protein_Clusters">Protein Clusters</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/">Protein Clusters</a><div>Tatiana Tatusova, Leonid Zaslavsky, Boris Fedorov, Diana Haddad, Anjana Vatsan, Danso Ako-adjei, Olga Blinkova, and Hassan Ghazal.</div><div class="small">Created: September 14, 2014.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Clustering_Methods"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Clustering_Methods">Clustering Methods</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Manual_Curation"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Manual_Curation">Manual Curation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Cluster_Display"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Cluster_Display">Cluster Display</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_Related_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_ProteinClusters_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/ProteinClusters/#ProteinClusters.References">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Small_Molecules"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Small.Molecules/">Small Molecules and Biological Assays</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Small_Molecules" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutSmallMolecules"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutSmallMolecules/">Small Molecules and Biological Activities</a><div>Rana Morris.</div><div class="small">Created: December 9, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_AboutSmallMolecules" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutSmallMolecules_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutSmallMolecules/#AboutSmallMolecules.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutSmallMolecules_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutSmallMolecules/#AboutSmallMolecules.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutSmallMolecules_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutSmallMolecules/#AboutSmallMolecules.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutSmallMolecules_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutSmallMolecules/#AboutSmallMolecules.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutSmallMolecules_Related_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutSmallMolecules/#AboutSmallMolecules.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_AboutSmallMolecules_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/AboutSmallMolecules/#AboutSmallMolecules.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubChemBioAssay"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubChemBioAssay/">NCBI PubChem BioAssay Database</a><div>Yanli Wang and Stephen H Bryant.</div><div class="small">Created: March 14, 2014.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_PubChemBioAssay" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubChemBioAssay_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubChemBioAssay/#PubChemBioAssay.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubChemBioAssay_PubChem_BioAssay_Standar"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubChemBioAssay/#PubChemBioAssay.PubChem_BioAssay_Standar">PubChem BioAssay Standard & Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubChemBioAssay_Tracking_BioAssay_Update"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubChemBioAssay/#PubChemBioAssay.Tracking_BioAssay_Update">Tracking BioAssay Update</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubChemBioAssay_PubChem_BioAssay_Data_Sp"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubChemBioAssay/#PubChemBioAssay.PubChem_BioAssay_Data_Sp">PubChem BioAssay Data Specification</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubChemBioAssay_Assay_Neighboring_and_Re"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubChemBioAssay/#PubChemBioAssay.Assay_Neighboring_and_Re">Assay Neighboring and Related BioAssays</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubChemBioAssay_Public_Access_Search_and"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubChemBioAssay/#PubChemBioAssay.Public_Access_Search_and">Public Access, Search, and FTP site</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubChemBioAssay_BioAssay_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubChemBioAssay/#PubChemBioAssay.BioAssay_Tools">BioAssay Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubChemBioAssay_BioAssay_Submissions_and"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubChemBioAssay/#PubChemBioAssay.BioAssay_Submissions_and">BioAssay Submissions and Updates</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubChemBioAssay_Summary"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubChemBioAssay/#PubChemBioAssay.Summary">Summary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_PubChemBioAssay_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/PubChemBioAssay/#PubChemBioAssay.References">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Tools/">Tools</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Tools" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BLAST"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BLAST/">The BLAST Sequence Analysis Tool</a><div>Thomas Madden.</div><div class="small">Created: March 15, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_BLAST" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BLAST_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BLAST/#BLAST.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BLAST_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BLAST/#BLAST.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BLAST_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BLAST/#BLAST.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BLAST_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BLAST/#BLAST.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BLAST_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BLAST/#BLAST.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BLAST_Related_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BLAST/#BLAST.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BLAST_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BLAST/#BLAST.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Entrez"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Entrez/">The Entrez Search and Retrieval System</a><div>Jim Ostell.</div><div class="small">Created: October 9, 2002; Last Update: January 31, 2014.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Entrez" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Entrez_Summary"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Entrez/#Entrez.Summary">Summary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Entrez_Entrez_Design_Principles"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Entrez/#Entrez.Entrez_Design_Principles">Entrez Design Principles</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Entrez_Entrez_Is_a_Discovery_System"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Entrez/#Entrez.Entrez_Is_a_Discovery_System">Entrez Is a Discovery System</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Entrez_Entrez_Is_Growing"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Entrez/#Entrez.Entrez_Is_Growing">Entrez Is Growing</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Entrez_How_Entrez_Works"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Entrez/#Entrez.How_Entrez_Works">How Entrez Works</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Entrez_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Entrez/#Entrez.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_LinkOut"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/LinkOut/">LinkOut: Linking to External Resources from NCBI Databases</a><div>Y. Kathy Kwan.</div><div class="small">Created: November 14, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_LinkOut" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_LinkOut_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/LinkOut/#LinkOut.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_LinkOut_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/LinkOut/#LinkOut.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_LinkOut_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/LinkOut/#LinkOut.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_LinkOut_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/LinkOut/#LinkOut.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_LinkOut_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/LinkOut/#LinkOut.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_LinkOut_Guide_to_LinkOut_Providers"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/LinkOut/#LinkOut.Guide_to_LinkOut_Providers">Guide to LinkOut Providers</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_Metadata"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/Metadata/">Metadata</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_Metadata" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioSample"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioSample/">BioSample</a><div>Tanya Barrett.</div><div class="small">Created: November 14, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_BioSample" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioSample_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioSample/#BioSample.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioSample_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioSample/#BioSample.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioSample_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioSample/#BioSample.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioSample_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioSample/#BioSample.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioSample_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioSample/#BioSample.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioSample_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioSample/#BioSample.References">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioProject"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioProject/">BioProject</a><div>Karen Clark, Kim Pruitt, Tatiana Tatusova, and Ilene Mizrachi.</div><div class="small">Created: April 28, 2013; Last Update: November 11, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK143764_toc_BioProject" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioProject_Scope"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioProject/#BioProject.Scope">Scope</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioProject_History"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioProject/#BioProject.History">History</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioProject_Data_Model"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioProject/#BioProject.Data_Model">Data Model</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioProject_Dataflow"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioProject/#BioProject.Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioProject_Access"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioProject/#BioProject.Access">Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioProject_Related_Tools"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioProject/#BioProject.Related_Tools">Related Tools</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_BioProject_References"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/BioProject/#BioProject.References">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK143764_toc_glossary"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/handbook2e/glossary/">Glossary</a></li></ul><div class="bktoc_all_cntnr align_right" style="display:none"><ul class="inline_list_right"><li><a class="bktoc_all_exp" href="#">Expand All</a></li><li style="margin-left:.8em"><a class="bktoc_all_clps" href="#">Collapse All</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
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<title>Youtube</title>
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<style type="text/css">
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<p class="address_footer text-white">National Library of Medicine<br />
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<p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html" class="text-white">Web Policies</a><br />
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<p><a class="supportLink text-white" href="https://support.nlm.nih.gov/">Help</a><br />
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