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<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE" /><meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition" /><meta name="citation_title" content="Dissertations and Theses" /><meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Library of Medicine (US)" /><meta name="citation_date" content="2015/08/11" /><meta name="citation_author" content="Karen Patrias" /><meta name="citation_author" content="Dan Wendling" /><meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7267/" /><link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="Dissertations and Theses" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Library of Medicine (US)" /><meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Karen Patrias" /><meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Dan Wendling" /><meta name="DC.Date" content="2015/08/11" /><meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7267/" /><meta name="description" content="A. Entire Dissertations and Theses" /><meta name="og:title" content="Dissertations and Theses" /><meta name="og:type" content="book" /><meta name="og:description" content="A. Entire Dissertations and Theses" /><meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7267/" /><meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-citmed-lrg.png" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /><meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks" /><meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/citmed/A39190/" /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7267/" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/figpopup.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_print.min.css" type="text/css" /><style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} </style><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.hoverIntent.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/common.min.js?_=3.18"> </script><script type="text/javascript">window.name="mainwindow";</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/book-toc.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/books.min.js"> </script>
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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>Patrias K, author; Wendling D, editor. Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2007-. </p></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK7267_"><span class="label">Chapter 5</span><span class="title" itemprop="name">Dissertations and Theses</span></h1><p class="small">Created: <span itemprop="datePublished">October 10, 2007</span>; Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">August 11, 2015</span>.</p></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><p>
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<b>A. Entire Dissertations and Theses</b>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39191" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="#A39197">Sample Citation and Introduction</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39192" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="#A39201">Citation Rules with Examples</a>
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|
</div></li><li id="A39193" class="half_rhythm"><div>
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|
<a href="#A39349">Examples</a>
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|
</div></li></ul>
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|
<p>
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|
<b>B. Parts of Dissertations and Theses</b>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39194" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="#A39373">Sample Citation and Introduction</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39195" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="#A39374">Citation Rules with Examples</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39196" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="#A39431">Examples</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div id="A39197"><h2 id="_A39197_">A. Sample Citation and Introduction to Citing Entire Dissertations and
|
|
Theses</h2><p>The general format for a reference to entire dissertation, including punctuation:</p><div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK7267/bin/ch5e1.jpg" alt="Illustration of the general format for a reference to entire dissertation." /></div><p>The general format for a reference to entire master's thesis, including
|
|
punctuation:</p><div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK7267/bin/ch5e2.jpg" alt="Illustration of the general format for a reference to entire master's thesis." /></div><p>
|
|
<a href="#A39349">Examples of Citations to Entire Dissertations and
|
|
Theses</a>
|
|
</p><p>Dissertations and theses are rigorous reports of original research written in support
|
|
of academic degrees above the baccalaureate level. Although some countries use the
|
|
term "thesis" to refer to material written for a doctorate, the term in this chapter
|
|
is reserved for work at the master's level, while "dissertation" is used for the
|
|
doctorate.</p><p>Citations to dissertations and theses are similar to the standard book, with the
|
|
following important points:</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39198" class="half_rhythm"><div>With rare exceptions, dissertations have only one author. Most master's
|
|
theses also have a single author, but occasionally will have two.</div></li><li id="A39199" class="half_rhythm"><div>The place of publication for a thesis or dissertation is the city where
|
|
the university or other institution granting the degree is located. Many
|
|
dissertations, particularly those of US universities, do not state the
|
|
place of publication. When this occurs, obtain the city name from
|
|
another source and place it in square brackets.</div></li><li id="A39200" class="half_rhythm"><div>The publisher is the university or other institution granting the
|
|
degree.</div></li></ul>
|
|
<p>The chief source for information about a dissertation or thesis is its title page.
|
|
The back of the title page, called the verso page, and the cover are additional
|
|
sources of authoritative information not found on the title page.</p><p>Continue to <a href="#A39201">Citation Rules with Examples for Entire
|
|
Dissertations and Theses</a>.</p><p>Continue to <a href="#A39349">Examples of Citations to Entire
|
|
Dissertations and Theses</a>.</p></div><div id="A39201"><h2 id="_A39201_">Citation Rules with Examples for Entire Dissertations and Theses</h2><p>Components/elements are listed in the order they should appear in a reference. An R
|
|
after the component name means that it is required in the citation; an O after the
|
|
name means it is optional.</p><p><a href="#A39202">Author (R)</a> | <a href="#A39224">Title (R)</a> | <a href="#A39239">Content Type
|
|
(O)</a> | <a href="#A39251">Type of Medium (R)</a> | <a href="#A39263">Place of Publication (R)</a> | <a href="#A39277">Publisher (R)</a> | <a href="#A39294">Date of Publication (R)</a> | <a href="#A39308">Pagination (O)</a> | <a href="#A39319">Physical Description
|
|
(O)</a> | <a href="#A39326">Language (R)</a> | <a href="#A39334">Notes (O)</a></p><div id="A39202"><h3>Author for a Dissertation or Thesis (required)</h3><div id="A39203"><h4>General Rules for Author</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39204" class="half_rhythm"><div>List names in the order they appear in the text</div></li><li id="A39205" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter surname (family or last name) first for each author</div></li><li id="A39206" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize surnames and enter spaces within surnames as they
|
|
appear in the document cited on the assumption that the author
|
|
approved the form used. For example: Van Der Horn
|
|
<i>or</i> van der Horn; De Wolf
|
|
<i>or</i> de Wolf or DeWolf.</div></li><li id="A39207" class="half_rhythm"><div>Convert given (first) names and middle names to initials for a
|
|
maximum of two initials following each surname</div></li><li id="A39208" class="half_rhythm"><div>Separate author names from each other by a comma and a space</div></li><li id="A39209" class="half_rhythm"><div>End author information with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39210"><h4>Specific Rules for Author</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39211" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39440/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39440">Surnames with hyphens
|
|
and other punctuation in them</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39212" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39450/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39450">Other surname
|
|
rules</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39213" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39472/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39472">Given names containing
|
|
punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39214" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39486/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39486">Degrees, titles, and
|
|
honors following a personal name</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39215" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39493/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39493">Designations of rank in
|
|
a family, such as Jr and III</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39216" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39500/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39500">Names in non-roman
|
|
alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean) or
|
|
character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese)</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39217" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39518/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39518">Options for author
|
|
names</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39218"><h4>Examples for Author</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39219" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A39350">Standard
|
|
dissertation</a></div></li><li id="A39220" class="half_rhythm"><div>2. <a href="#A39351">Standard master's
|
|
thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39221" class="half_rhythm"><div>3. <a href="#A39352">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
optional full name(s) for author</a></div></li><li id="A39222" class="half_rhythm"><div>4. <a href="#A39353">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
more than one author (rare)</a></div></li><li id="A39223" class="half_rhythm"><div>5. <a href="#A39354">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
authors showing designations of rank within the
|
|
family</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A39224"><h3>Title for a Dissertation or Thesis (required)</h3><div id="A39225"><h4>General Rules for Title</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39226" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter the title of a dissertation or thesis as it appears in the
|
|
original document and in the original language</div></li><li id="A39227" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize only the first word of a title, proper nouns, proper
|
|
adjectives, acronyms, and initialisms</div></li><li id="A39228" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use a colon followed by a space to separate a title from a
|
|
subtitle, unless another form of punctuation (such as a question
|
|
mark, period, or an exclamation point) is already present</div></li><li id="A39229" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow non-English titles with a translation whenever possible;
|
|
place the translation in square brackets</div></li><li id="A39230" class="half_rhythm"><div>End a title with a period unless a question mark or exclamation
|
|
point already ends it or a <a href="#A39239">Content Type</a> or <a href="#A39251">Type of Medium</a> follows it, then end with a space</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39231"><h4>Specific Rules for Title</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39232" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39523/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39523">Titles not in
|
|
English</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39233" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39548/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39548">Titles containing a
|
|
Greek letter, chemical formula, or another special
|
|
character</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39234"><h4>Examples for Title</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39235" class="half_rhythm"><div>6. <a href="#A39355">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
titles ending in punctuation other than a period</a></div></li><li id="A39236" class="half_rhythm"><div>7. <a href="#A39356">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
titles containing a chemical formula, Greek letter, or other
|
|
special characters</a></div></li><li id="A39237" class="half_rhythm"><div>8. <a href="#A39357">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
non-English titles</a></div></li><li id="A39238" class="half_rhythm"><div>9. <a href="#A39358">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
non-English titles, with translation</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A39239"><h3>Content Type for a Dissertation or Thesis (optional)</h3><div id="A39240"><h4>General Rules for Content Type</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39241" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place [dissertation] or [master's thesis] after the title to
|
|
alert the user that the reference is not to a standard book</div></li><li id="A39242" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the bracketed type with a period unless the dissertation
|
|
or thesis is in a non-print medium (see <a href="#A39251">Type of Medium</a> below)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39243"><h4>Specific Rules for Content Type</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39244" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39559/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39559">Titles ending in
|
|
punctuation other than a period</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39245" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39564/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39564">Non-English titles with
|
|
translation</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39246"><h4>Examples for Content Type</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39247" class="half_rhythm"><div>6. <a href="#A39355">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
titles ending in punctuation other than a period</a></div></li><li id="A39248" class="half_rhythm"><div>8. <a href="#A39357">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
non-English titles</a></div></li><li id="A39249" class="half_rhythm"><div>9. <a href="#A39358">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
non-English titles, with translation</a></div></li><li id="A39250" class="half_rhythm"><div>10. <a href="#A39359">Dissertation or thesis in a
|
|
microform</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A39251"><h3>Type of Medium for a Dissertation or Thesis (required)</h3><div id="A39252"><h4>General Rules for Type of Medium</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39253" class="half_rhythm"><div>Indicate the specific type of medium (microfiche, ultrafiche,
|
|
microfilm, microcard, etc.) following the title and the content
|
|
type when a dissertation or thesis is published in a
|
|
microform</div></li><li id="A39254" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place the name of the medium inside the square brackets for the
|
|
content type, preceded by the word "on". For example:
|
|
[dissertation on microfiche].</div></li><li id="A39255" class="half_rhythm"><div>End with a period following the closing bracket</div></li><li id="A39256" class="half_rhythm"><div>Add information about the medium according to the instructions
|
|
under <a href="#A39319">Physical
|
|
Description</a> below</div></li><li id="A39257" class="half_rhythm"><div>See <a href="/books/n/citmed/A46175/">Chapter 15</a> for
|
|
dissertations or theses in audiovisual formats; <a href="/books/n/citmed/A63418/">Chapter18</a> and <a href="/books/n/citmed/A53625/">Chapter 22</a> for
|
|
those in electronic formats</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39258"><h4>Specific Rules for Type of Medium</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39259" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39569/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39569">Titles ending in
|
|
punctuation other than a period</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39260" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39574/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39574">Non-English titles with
|
|
translation</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39261"><h4>Examples for Type of Medium</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39262" class="half_rhythm"><div>10. <a href="#A39359">Dissertation or thesis in a
|
|
microform</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A39263"><h3>Place of Publication for a Dissertation or Thesis (required)</h3><div id="A39264"><h4>General Rules for Place of Publication</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39265" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place is defined as the city where the university or other
|
|
institution granting the degree is located</div></li><li id="A39266" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow US and Canadian cities with the two-letter abbreviation
|
|
for the state or province (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appe/">Appendix E</a>) to avoid confusion when citing lesser
|
|
known cities or when cities in different locations have the same
|
|
name, such as Palm Springs (CA) and Palm Springs (FL)</div></li><li id="A39267" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow cities in other countries with the name of the country,
|
|
either written out or as the two-letter ISO country code (see
|
|
<a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/">Appendix D</a>), when
|
|
citing lesser known cities or when cities in different locations
|
|
have the same name, such as London (ON) and London (England)</div></li><li id="A39268" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use the anglicized form for a non-US city, such as Vienna for
|
|
Wien</div></li><li id="A39269" class="half_rhythm"><div>End place information with a colon</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39270"><h4>Specific Rules for Place of Publication</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39271" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39578/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39578">Non-US cities</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39272" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39606/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39606">No place of publication
|
|
can be found</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39273"><h4>Examples for Place of Publication</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39274" class="half_rhythm"><div>8. <a href="#A39357">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
non-English titles</a></div></li><li id="A39275" class="half_rhythm"><div>9. <a href="#A39358">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
non-English titles, with translation</a></div></li><li id="A39276" class="half_rhythm"><div>11. <a href="#A39360">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
place of publication not found on title page</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A39277"><h3>Publisher for a Dissertation or Thesis (required)</h3><div id="A39278"><h4>General Rules for Publisher</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39279" class="half_rhythm"><div>The publisher is the university or other institution granting the
|
|
degree</div></li><li id="A39280" class="half_rhythm"><div>Record the name of the institution as it appears in the
|
|
publication, using whatever capitalization and punctuation is
|
|
found there</div></li><li id="A39281" class="half_rhythm"><div>Abbreviate well-known words in institutional names, such as Univ.
|
|
for University, if desired</div></li><li id="A39282" class="half_rhythm"><div>When a division or other subsidiary part of an institution
|
|
appears in the publication, enter the main institutional name
|
|
first. For example: University of Illinois at Chicago, Health
|
|
Sciences Center.</div></li><li id="A39283" class="half_rhythm"><div>End publisher information with a semicolon</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39284"><h4>Specific Rules for Publisher</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39285" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39612/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39612">Abbreviations in
|
|
publisher names</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39286" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39622/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39622">Non-English names of
|
|
institutions</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39287" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39651/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39651">Government agencies and
|
|
other national and international bodies as publisher</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39288"><h4>Examples for Publisher</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39289" class="half_rhythm"><div>8. <a href="#A39357">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
non-English titles</a></div></li><li id="A39290" class="half_rhythm"><div>9. <a href="#A39358">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
non-English titles, with translation</a></div></li><li id="A39291" class="half_rhythm"><div>12. <a href="#A39361">Dissertation or thesis
|
|
publisher with subsidiary part included</a></div></li><li id="A39292" class="half_rhythm"><div>13. <a href="#A39362">Dissertation or thesis
|
|
issued by a governmental body</a></div></li><li id="A39293" class="half_rhythm"><div>14. <a href="#A39363">Dissertation or thesis
|
|
issued by other than a university</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A39294"><h3>Date of Publication for a Dissertation or Thesis (required)</h3><div id="A39295"><h4>General Rules for Date of Publication</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39296" class="half_rhythm"><div>Always give the year of publication, i.e., the year the degree
|
|
was granted</div></li><li id="A39297" class="half_rhythm"><div>Convert roman numerals to arabic numbers. For example: MM to
|
|
2000.</div></li><li id="A39298" class="half_rhythm"><div>Include the month of publication, if desired, after the year,
|
|
such as 2004 May</div></li><li id="A39299" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use English names for months and abbreviate them to the first
|
|
three letters, such as Jan</div></li><li id="A39300" class="half_rhythm"><div>End date information with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39301"><h4>Specific Rules for Date of Publication</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39302" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39655/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39655">Non-English names for
|
|
months</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39303" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39662/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39662">Seasons instead of
|
|
months</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39304" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39670/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39670">Options for date of
|
|
publication</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39305"><h4>Examples for Date of Publication</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39306" class="half_rhythm"><div>15. <a href="#A39364">Dissertation or thesis date
|
|
with month included</a></div></li><li id="A39307" class="half_rhythm"><div>16. <a href="#A39365">Dissertation or thesis date
|
|
with season</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A39308"><h3>Pagination for a Dissertation or Thesis (optional)</h3><div id="A39309"><h4>General Rules for Pagination</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39310" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide the total number of pages on which the text of the
|
|
dissertation or thesis appears</div></li><li id="A39311" class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not count pages for such items as introductory material,
|
|
appendixes, and indexes unless they are included in the
|
|
pagination of the text</div></li><li id="A39312" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the page total with a space and the letter p</div></li><li id="A39313" class="half_rhythm"><div>For dissertations or theses published in more than one physical
|
|
volume, cite the total number of volumes instead of the number
|
|
of pages, such as 2 vol</div></li><li id="A39314" class="half_rhythm"><div>End pagination information with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39315"><h4>Specific Rules for Pagination</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39316" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39676/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39676">No numbers appear on
|
|
the pages</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39317"><h4>Examples for Pagination</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39318" class="half_rhythm"><div>17. <a href="#A39366">Dissertation or thesis
|
|
submitted in more than one volume</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A39319"><h3>Physical Description for a Dissertation or Thesis (optional)</h3><div id="A39320"><h4>General Rules for Physical Description</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39321" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give information on the physical characteristics if a
|
|
dissertation or thesis is published in a microform (microfilm,
|
|
microfiche, microcard, etc.), such as 3 microfiche: black &
|
|
white, 2 x 4 in.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39322"><h4>Specific Rules for Physical Description</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39323" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39681/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39681">Language for describing
|
|
physical characteristics</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39324"><h4>Examples for Physical Description</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39325" class="half_rhythm"><div>10. <a href="#A39359">Dissertation or thesis in a
|
|
microform</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A39326"><h3>Language for a Dissertation or Thesis (required)</h3><div id="A39327"><h4>General Rules for Language</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39328" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give the language of publication if other than English</div></li><li id="A39329" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize the language name</div></li><li id="A39330" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the language name with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39331"><h4>Examples for Language</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39332" class="half_rhythm"><div>8. <a href="#A39357">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
non-English titles</a></div></li><li id="A39333" class="half_rhythm"><div>9. <a href="#A39358">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
non-English titles, with translation</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A39334"><h3>Notes for a Dissertation or Thesis (optional)</h3><div id="A39335"><h4>General Rules for Notes</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39336" class="half_rhythm"><div>Notes is a collective term for any type of useful information
|
|
given after the citation itself</div></li><li id="A39337" class="half_rhythm"><div>Complete sentences are not required</div></li><li id="A39338" class="half_rhythm"><div>Be brief</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39339"><h4>Specific Rules for Notes</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39340" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39698/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39698">Dissertations or theses
|
|
accompanied by a videocassette, CD-ROM, DVD, etc.</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39341" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39702/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39702">Other types of material
|
|
to include in notes</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39342"><h4>Examples for Notes</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39343" class="half_rhythm"><div>18. <a href="#A39367">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
availability statement included</a></div></li><li id="A39344" class="half_rhythm"><div>19. <a href="#A39368">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
location of a library or other holding institution where the
|
|
dissertation/thesis may be found</a></div></li><li id="A39345" class="half_rhythm"><div>20. <a href="#A39369">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
note on specific type of degree</a></div></li><li id="A39346" class="half_rhythm"><div>21. <a href="#A39370">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
sponsorship or support note included</a></div></li><li id="A39347" class="half_rhythm"><div>22. <a href="#A39371">Dissertation or thesis
|
|
accompanied by a CD-ROM, DVD, or other medium</a></div></li><li id="A39348" class="half_rhythm"><div>23. <a href="#A39372">Dissertation or thesis with
|
|
supplemental material on the Internet</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div></div><div id="A39349"><h2 id="_A39349_">Examples of Citations to Entire Dissertations and Theses</h2><div id="A39350"><h3>1. Standard dissertation</h3><p>Jones DL. The role of physical activity on the need for revision total knee
|
|
arthroplasty in individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee [dissertation].
|
|
[Pittsburgh (PA)]: University of Pittsburgh; 2001. 436 p.</p><p>Liu-Ambrose TY. Studies of fall risk and bone morphology in older women with low
|
|
bone mass [dissertation]. [Vancouver (BC)]: University of British Columbia;
|
|
2004. 290 p.</p><p>Zhao C. Development of nanoelectrospray and application to protein research and
|
|
drug discovery [dissertation]. Buffalo (NY): State University of New York at
|
|
Buffalo; 2005. 276 p.</p></div><div id="A39351"><h3>2. Standard master's thesis</h3><p>Roguskie JM. The role of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> 1244 pilin
|
|
glycan in virulence [master's thesis]. [Pittsburgh (PA)]: Duquesne University;
|
|
2005. 111 p.</p><p>Weisbaum LD. Human sexuality of children and adolescents: a comprehensive
|
|
training guide for social work professionals [master's thesis]. Long Beach (CA):
|
|
California State University, Long Beach; 2005. 101 p.</p></div><div id="A39352"><h3>3. Dissertation or thesis with optional full name(s) for author</h3><p><span class="bk_hlight">Baldwin, Karen Brandt.</span> An
|
|
exploratory method of data retrieval from the electronic medical record for the
|
|
evaluation of quality in healthcare [dissertation]. Chicago: University of
|
|
Illinois at Chicago, Health Sciences Center; 2004. 116 p.</p></div><div id="A39353"><h3>4. Dissertation or thesis with more than one author (rare)</h3><p><span class="bk_hlight">Kolotylo C, MacDonald JM.</span>
|
|
Exploration of the relationships among personal and illness-related factors,
|
|
migraine headache pain, the chronic pain experience, coping, depressive
|
|
symptomatology, disability, and quality of life in women with migraine headache
|
|
[dissertation]. [Milwaukee (WI)]: University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee; 1999. 295
|
|
p.</p><p><span class="bk_hlight">Korir J, Karr-Kidwell PJ.</span>
|
|
The relationship between self esteem and effective educational leadership: a
|
|
literary review, recommendations, and interviews [master's thesis]. [Denton
|
|
(TX)]: Texas Woman's University; 2000 May. 98 p.</p></div><div id="A39354"><h3>5. Dissertation or thesis with authors showing designations of rank within
|
|
the family</h3><p><span class="bk_hlight">Daugherty RH 3rd.</span> Social
|
|
work education and public assistance workers in Kentucky 1936-2001
|
|
[dissertation]. Louisville (KY): University of Louisville; 2004. 203 p.</p></div><div id="A39355"><h3>6. Dissertation or thesis with titles ending in punctuation other than a
|
|
period</h3><p>Boyer CL. <span class="bk_hlight">Do rural Medicare patients have
|
|
different post-acute service patterns than their non-rural counterparts?
|
|
[dissertation].</span> [Cleveland (OH)]: Case Western Reserve
|
|
University; 2004. 131 p.</p></div><div id="A39356"><h3>7. Dissertation or thesis with titles containing a chemical formula, Greek
|
|
letter, or other special characters</h3><p>Martin EJ. <span class="bk_hlight">1,1-dichloroethylene</span>-induced mitochondrial aberrations
|
|
precede apoptotic and necrotic cell death in murine liver and lung
|
|
[dissertation]. Kingston (ON): Queen's University; 2004. 149 p.</p><p>
|
|
<i>Greek letters may be written out if special fonts are not
|
|
available</i>
|
|
</p><p>Goel R. Characterization of <span class="bk_hlight">α-thrombin</span>-induced rapid phase of PI 3-kinase
|
|
[dissertation]. St. Louis (MO): Saint Louis University; 2004. 141 p.</p><p>
|
|
<i>or</i>
|
|
</p><p>Goel R. Characterization of <span class="bk_hlight">alpha-thrombin</span>-induced rapid phase of PI 3-kinase
|
|
[dissertation]. St. Louis (MO): Saint Louis University; 2004. 141 p.</p><p>
|
|
<i>Superscripts/subscripts may be enclosed within parentheses if fonts are
|
|
not available</i>
|
|
</p><p>Uddemarri S. Aging affects stretch-induced <span class="bk_hlight">p70<sup>S6k</sup></span> and 4E-BP1
|
|
phosphorylation in fast- and slow-twitch muscle [master's thesis]. [Huntington
|
|
(WV)]: Marshall University; 2005. 151 p.</p><p>
|
|
<i>or</i>
|
|
</p><p>Uddemarri S. Aging affects stretch-induced <span class="bk_hlight">p70(S6k)</span> and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation
|
|
in fast- and slow-twitch muscle [master's thesis]. [Huntington (WV)]: Marshall
|
|
University; 2005. 151 p.</p></div><div id="A39357"><h3>8. Dissertation or thesis with non-English titles</h3><p>Montes Alvarez MJ. <span class="bk_hlight">Parametros predictivos
|
|
de complicaciones macroangiopaticos en la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 que
|
|
precisa insulinoterapia [dissertation].</span> Cadiz (Spain):
|
|
Universidad de Cadiz; 2005. 180 p. <span class="bk_hlight">Spanish.</span></p><p>Cisse A. <span class="bk_hlight">Connaissances et comportements
|
|
sexuels des jeunes de 15-29 ans sur les M.T.S. et le SIDA a Bamako [master's
|
|
thesis].</span> [Quebec (QC)]: Laval University; 1993. 69 p.
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">French.</span></p></div><div id="A39358"><h3>9. Dissertation or thesis with non-English titles, with translation</h3><p>Montes Alvarez MJ. <span class="bk_hlight">Parametros predictivos
|
|
de complicaciones macroangiopaticos en la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 que
|
|
precisa insulinoterapia [Predictive parameters for macroangiopathy
|
|
complications in Type 2 diabetes which requires insulin]
|
|
[dissertation].</span> Cadiz (Spain): Universidad de Cadiz; 2005.
|
|
180 p. <span class="bk_hlight">Spanish.</span></p><p>Cisse A. <span class="bk_hlight">Connaissances et comportements
|
|
sexuels des jeunes de 15-29 ans sur les M.T.S. et le SIDA a Bamako [Sexual
|
|
knowledge and behavior of young people 15-29 years of age concerning
|
|
sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and AIDS in Bamako] [master's
|
|
thesis].</span> [Quebec (QC)]: Laval University; 1993. 69 p.
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">French.</span></p></div><div id="A39359"><h3>10. Dissertation or thesis in a microform</h3><p>Craft LL. Exercise and clinical depression: examining psychological mechanisms
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">[dissertation on
|
|
microfiche].</span> [East Lansing (MI)]: Michigan State University;
|
|
2002. 116 p. <span class="bk_hlight">2 microfiche: black &
|
|
white, negative, 4 x 6 in.</span></p><p>Peppas D. Der Anatom Eduard Jacobshagen (1886-1967) [The anatomist Eduard
|
|
Jacobshagen (1886-1967)] <span class="bk_hlight">[dissertation
|
|
on microfiche].</span> [Marburg (Germany)]: Marburg University;
|
|
2001. 133 p. <span class="bk_hlight">2 microfiche: black &
|
|
white, negative, 4 x 6 in.</span> German.</p><p>Brill S. Hygieia: health and medicine in Plato's Republic <span class="bk_hlight">[dissertation on microfilm].</span>
|
|
[College Park (PA)]: Pennsylvania State University; 2004. 311 p. <span class="bk_hlight">1 reel: black & white, negative, 35
|
|
mm.</span></p><p>Johnston PG. A survey of nursing school libraries in the city of Philadelphia
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">[master's thesis on
|
|
microcard].</span> Philadelphia: Drexel Institute of Technology;
|
|
1955. 55 p. <span class="bk_hlight">3 microcards: 3 x 5
|
|
in.</span></p></div><div id="A39360"><h3>11. Dissertation or thesis with place of publication not found on title
|
|
page</h3><p>Campbell E. Childbearing and choice: views of young Chinese professional women
|
|
[dissertation]. <span class="bk_hlight">[Claremont
|
|
(CA)]:</span> Claremont Graduate University; 1996. 147 p.</p></div><div id="A39361"><h3>12. Dissertation or thesis publisher with subsidiary part included</h3><p>Metry KJ. NAT polymorphism in breast cancer risk [master's thesis]. Louisville
|
|
(KY): <span class="bk_hlight">University of Louisville,
|
|
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology;</span> 2004. 71 p.</p><p>Miller LE, Sperry BM. Central American women's experience of prenatal care
|
|
[master's thesis]. [Boston (MA)]: <span class="bk_hlight">Massachusetts General Hospital, Institute of Health
|
|
Professions;</span> 1992. 66 p.</p></div><div id="A39362"><h3>13. Dissertation or thesis issued by a governmental body</h3><p>Schauppner CE. Some ramifications of compensation limitations in personal
|
|
services contracts for direct health care providers [master's thesis]. Monterey
|
|
(CA): <span class="bk_hlight">Naval Postgraduate School
|
|
(US);</span> 1990. 74 p.</p><p>Kazerouni NN. Family history of breast cancer as a determinant of the risk of
|
|
developing endometrial and ovarian cancers: a nationwide cohort study
|
|
[dissertation]. [Bethesda (MD)]: <span class="bk_hlight">Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (US), Department of
|
|
Preventive Medicine and Biometrics;</span> 2002.</p></div><div id="A39363"><h3>14. Dissertation or thesis issued by other than a university</h3><p>Kan H. Does the Medicare principal inpatient diagnostic cost group model
|
|
adequately adjust for selection bias? [dissertation]. Santa Monica (CA):
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">RAND Graduate
|
|
School;</span> 2002. 101 p.</p></div><div id="A39364"><h3>15. Dissertation or thesis date with month included</h3><p>Korir J, Karr-Kidwell PJ. The relationship between self esteem and effective
|
|
educational leadership: a literary review, recommendations, and interviews
|
|
[master's thesis]. [Denton (TX)]: Texas Woman's University; <span class="bk_hlight">2000 May.</span> 98 p.</p></div><div id="A39365"><h3>16. Dissertation or thesis date with season</h3><p>Lemov RM. The laboratory imagination: experiments in human and social
|
|
engineering. [Berkeley (CA)]: University of California, Berkeley; <span class="bk_hlight">2000 Spring.</span> 2 vol.</p></div><div id="A39366"><h3>17. Dissertation or thesis submitted in more than one volume</h3><p>Hanson CA. Embodying erudition: English art, medicine, & antiquarianism in
|
|
the age of empiricism [dissertation]. [Chicago]: University of Chicago,
|
|
Department of Art History; 2003. <span class="bk_hlight">2
|
|
vol.</span></p></div><div id="A39367"><h3>18. Dissertation or thesis with availability statement included</h3><p>Boyer CL. Do rural Medicare patients have different post-acute service patterns
|
|
than their non-rural counterparts? [dissertation]. [Cleveland (OH)]: Case
|
|
Western Reserve University; 2004. 131 p. <span class="bk_hlight">Available from: UMI, Ann Arbor, MI; AAT 3145345.</span></p><p>Overlock JA. The relationship between balance and fundamental motor skills in
|
|
children five to nine years of age [master's thesis]. [Corvallis (OR)]: Oregon
|
|
State University; 2004. 111 p. <span class="bk_hlight">Available
|
|
from: Kinesiology Publications, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR; PSY
|
|
2317.</span></p></div><div id="A39368"><h3>19. Dissertation or thesis with location of a library or other holding
|
|
institution where the dissertation/thesis may be found</h3><p>Akerstrom B. Adults with autism and mental retardation: a life-span perspective
|
|
[dissertation]. Uppsala (Sweden): S. Academiae Upsaliensis; 2001. 156 p.
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">Located at: National Library of
|
|
Medicine, Bethesda, MD; W1 AC955 v.20 2001.</span></p></div><div id="A39369"><h3>20. Dissertation or thesis with note on specific type of degree</h3><p>Ari AB. Eye injuries on the battlefields of Iraq and Afghanistan: public health
|
|
implications [master's thesis]. Anchorage (AK): University of Alaska; 2005. 48
|
|
p. <span class="bk_hlight">Master of Public
|
|
Health.</span></p><p>Verhovsek EL. Examining stages in curriculum change: implementation of
|
|
Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) [dissertation]. [Morgantown (WV)]:
|
|
West Virginia University; 2003. 197 p. <span class="bk_hlight">Doctor of Education.</span></p></div><div id="A39370"><h3>21. Dissertation or thesis with sponsorship or support note included</h3><p>Kanika K. Labor market implications of employer provided health insurance
|
|
[dissertation]. Evanston (IL): Northwestern University; 1997. 204 p.
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">Sponsored by the Agency for Health
|
|
Care Policy and Research.</span></p><p>Tuitele BA. The current practices in injury prevention and safety helmet use in
|
|
an Air Force medical center [master's thesis]. [Bethesda (MD)]: Uniformed
|
|
Services University of the Health Sciences; 2000. 59 p. <span class="bk_hlight">Supported by the Uniformed Services University of
|
|
the Health Sciences, Protocol No. T061AK-01.</span></p></div><div id="A39371"><h3>22. Dissertation or thesis accompanied by a CD-ROM, DVD, or other
|
|
medium</h3><p>Lukasik-Sedmak DM. How to develop an interactive MRI brain cross-sectional
|
|
anatomy CD-ROM and Web-based educational materials to meet the needs of medical
|
|
imaging specialists working in magnetic resonance imaging [dissertation].
|
|
[Milwaukee (WI)]: Cardinal Stritch University; 2002. 113 p. <span class="bk_hlight">Accompanied by: 1 CD-ROM.</span></p><p>Morgan JC. VISIO/KINESIS: a mixed media installation and performance [master's
|
|
thesis]. Dominguez Hills (CA): California State University, Dominguez Hills;
|
|
2001. 47 p. <span class="bk_hlight">Accompanied by: 1
|
|
videocassette.</span></p></div><div id="A39372"><h3>23. Dissertation or thesis with supplemental material on the Internet</h3><p>Wyatt TH. Pilot testing Okay with Asthma<sup>(TM)</sup>: a digital story for
|
|
psychosocial asthma management [dissertation]. [Charlottesville (VA)]:
|
|
University of Virginia; 2003. 109 p. <span class="bk_hlight">Web
|
|
site for the program available at: <a href="http://okay-with-asthma.org/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">http://okay-with-asthma.org/</a>.</span></p></div></div><div id="A39373"><h2 id="_A39373_">B. Sample Citation and Introduction to Citing Parts of Dissertations and
|
|
Theses</h2><p>The general format for a reference to a part of a dissertation, including
|
|
punctuation:</p><div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK7267/bin/ch5e3.jpg" alt="Illustration of the general format for a reference to a part of a dissertation." /></div><p>The general format for a reference to a part of a master's thesis, including
|
|
punctuation:</p><div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK7267/bin/ch5e4.jpg" alt="Illustration of the general format for a reference to a part of a master's thesis." /></div><p>
|
|
<a href="#A39431">Examples of Citations to Parts of Dissertations
|
|
and Theses</a>
|
|
</p><p>Rather than citing a dissertation or thesis as a whole, separately identified
|
|
portions of them may be cited. Chapters, sections, tables, charts, graphs,
|
|
photographs, appendixes, and the like are considered parts of dissertations/theses
|
|
when they are written or compiled by the authors of the dissertation or thesis. In
|
|
general, most modern texts have standardized to three types of parts: figures,
|
|
tables, and appendixes. However, many other names may be found for parts.</p><p>Because a reference should start with the individual or organization with
|
|
responsibility for the intellectual content of the publication, begin a reference to
|
|
a part of a dissertation or thesis with the citation to the dissertation or thesis
|
|
itself, then follow it with the information about the part. See <a href="/books/n/citmed/A34155/#A34794">Chapter 2C Parts of Books</a> for further details on citing
|
|
parts.</p><p>Medical texts frequently contain charts, figures, and other illustrative material
|
|
that has been reproduced with permission from other sources. Do not cite these as
|
|
parts using the instructions presented here. Consult the original publication and
|
|
cite the particular item from there.</p><p>Continue to <a href="#A39374">Citation Rules with Examples for Parts
|
|
of Dissertations and Theses</a>.</p><p>Continue to <a href="#A39431">Examples of Citations to Parts of
|
|
Dissertations and Theses</a>.</p></div><div id="A39374"><h2 id="_A39374_">Citation Rules with Examples for Parts of Dissertations and Theses</h2><p>Components/elements are listed in the order they should appear in a reference. An R
|
|
after the component name means that it is required in the citation; an O after the
|
|
name means it is optional.</p><p><a href="#A39375">Dissertation or Thesis (R)</a> | <a href="#A39376">Name and Number/Letter (R)</a> | <a href="#A39395">Title (R)</a> | <a href="#A39412">Location (Pagination) (R)</a></p><div id="A39375"><h3>Dissertation or Thesis (required)</h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A63393" class="half_rhythm"><div>Cite the dissertation or thesis according to <a href="#A39197">Chapter 5A Entire Dissertations or
|
|
Theses</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39376"><h3>Name and Number/Letter of the Part for a Dissertation or Thesis
|
|
(required)</h3><div id="A39377"><h4>General Rules for Name and Number/Letter</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39378" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter the name of the part, such as Chapter, Table, Figure, or
|
|
Appendix</div></li><li id="A39379" class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not abbreviate names. For example, convert Fig. to Figure.</div></li><li id="A39380" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the name with any accompanying number or letter, such as
|
|
Chapter 12, Table 2, Figure 3.1, or Appendix A</div></li><li id="A39381" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use arabic numbers only. For example: convert VI or Six to 6.</div></li><li id="A39382" class="half_rhythm"><div>End name and number/letter information with a comma and a
|
|
space</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39383"><h4>Specific Rules for Name and Number/Letter</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39384" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39713/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39713">Non-English names for
|
|
parts</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39385" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39739/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39739">No letter or number
|
|
follows the name</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39386" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39742/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39742">No name appears</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39387"><h4>Examples for Name and Number/Letter</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39388" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A39432">Chapter in a dissertation or
|
|
thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39389" class="half_rhythm"><div>2. <a href="#A39433">Table in a dissertation or
|
|
thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39390" class="half_rhythm"><div>3. <a href="#A39434">Figure in a dissertation or
|
|
thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39391" class="half_rhythm"><div>4. <a href="#A39435">Appendix in a dissertation
|
|
or thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39392" class="half_rhythm"><div>5. <a href="#A39436">Other part of a dissertation
|
|
or thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39393" class="half_rhythm"><div>6. <a href="#A39437">Other part of a dissertation
|
|
or thesis, without name and number/letter</a></div></li><li id="A39394" class="half_rhythm"><div>7. <a href="#A39438">Part of a dissertation or
|
|
thesis in a language other than English</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A39395"><h3>Title of the Part for a Dissertation or Thesis (required)</h3><div id="A39396"><h4>General Rules for Title</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39397" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter the title of the part as it appears in the dissertation or
|
|
thesis</div></li><li id="A39398" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize only the first word of a title, proper nouns, proper
|
|
adjectives, acronyms, and initialisms</div></li><li id="A39399" class="half_rhythm"><div>End title information with a semicolon and a space</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39400"><h4>Specific Rules for Title</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39401" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39749/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39749">Non-English titles for
|
|
parts</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39402" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39774/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39774">Titles containing a
|
|
Greek letter, chemical formula, or other special
|
|
character</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39403" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39786/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39786">No title appears</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39404"><h4>Examples for Title</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39405" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A39432">Chapter in a dissertation or
|
|
thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39406" class="half_rhythm"><div>2. <a href="#A39433">Table in a dissertation or
|
|
thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39407" class="half_rhythm"><div>3. <a href="#A39434">Figure in a dissertation or
|
|
thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39408" class="half_rhythm"><div>4. <a href="#A39435">Appendix in a dissertation
|
|
or thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39409" class="half_rhythm"><div>5. <a href="#A39436">Other part of a dissertation
|
|
or thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39410" class="half_rhythm"><div>6. <a href="#A39437">Other part of a dissertation
|
|
or thesis, without name and number/letter</a></div></li><li id="A39411" class="half_rhythm"><div>7. <a href="#A39438">Part of a dissertation or
|
|
thesis in a language other than English</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A39412"><h3>Location (Pagination) of the Part for a Dissertation or Thesis
|
|
(required)</h3><div id="A39413"><h4>General Rules for Location (Pagination)</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39414" class="half_rhythm"><div>Begin location with "p." followed by a space</div></li><li id="A39415" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter the page number or numbers on which the part appears.
|
|
Examples: p. 438 and p. 663-4.</div></li><li id="A39416" class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not repeat page numbers unless they are followed by a letter.
|
|
For example: 126-127 becomes p. 126-7, but p. 126A-127A is
|
|
correct.</div></li><li id="A39417" class="half_rhythm"><div>Include a letter (often S for Supplement or A for Appendix) when
|
|
it precedes the page number. For example: p. S10-8.</div></li><li id="A39418" class="half_rhythm"><div>End page information with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39419"><h4>Specific Rules for Location (Pagination)</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39420" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39791/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39791">Roman numerals for page
|
|
numbers</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39421" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39796/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39796">Part paginated
|
|
separately</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39422" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7267/box/A39798/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA39798">No page numbers appear
|
|
on the pages of the part</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A39423"><h4>Examples for Location (Pagination)</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39424" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A39432">Chapter in a dissertation or
|
|
thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39425" class="half_rhythm"><div>2. <a href="#A39433">Table in a dissertation or
|
|
thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39426" class="half_rhythm"><div>3. <a href="#A39434">Figure in a dissertation or
|
|
thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39427" class="half_rhythm"><div>4. <a href="#A39435">Appendix in a dissertation
|
|
or thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39428" class="half_rhythm"><div>5. <a href="#A39436">Other part of a dissertation
|
|
or thesis</a></div></li><li id="A39429" class="half_rhythm"><div>6. <a href="#A39437">Other part of a dissertation
|
|
or thesis, without name and number/letter</a></div></li><li id="A39430" class="half_rhythm"><div>7. <a href="#A39438">Part of a dissertation or
|
|
thesis in a language other than English</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div></div><div id="A39431"><h2 id="_A39431_">Examples of Citations to Parts of Dissertations and Theses</h2><div id="A39432"><h3>1. Chapter in a dissertation or thesis</h3><p>Lemov RM. The laboratory imagination: experiments in human and social engineering
|
|
[dissertation]. [Berkeley (CA)]: University of California, Berkeley; 2000
|
|
Spring. <span class="bk_hlight">Chapter 2, Running the maze:
|
|
animal and human experiments; p. 67-130.</span></p><p>Christensen PM. Infant nutrition and child health on Tarawa, Kiribati: a
|
|
nutritional anthropological approach [master's thesis]. Sydney (Australia):
|
|
University of New South Wales, Centre for South Pacific Studies; 1995.
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">Chapter 3.1, Breastfeeding practices
|
|
on Tarawa; p. 46-53.</span></p><p>Hayenga ES. Dieting through the decades: a comparative study of weight reduction
|
|
in America as depicted in popular literature and books from 1940 to the late
|
|
1980's [dissertation]. [Minneapolis (MN)]: University of Minnesota; 1988.
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">Chapter 3C, Science and health; p.
|
|
257-70.</span></p></div><div id="A39433"><h3>2. Table in a dissertation or thesis</h3><p>Cornwell D. A cost benefit of telemedicine: an assessment of aero-medical
|
|
evacuation patients throughout the Pacific Basin [master's thesis]. [Waco (TX)]:
|
|
Baylor University, US Army-Baylor University Graduate Program; 1995.
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">Table 4, Total air-evacs vs total
|
|
potential telemedicine patients; p. 45.</span></p><p>Munoz JA. What is the quality of care in a developing country? Measuring
|
|
physician practice and health outcomes [dissertation]. Santa Monica (CA): Rand
|
|
Graduate School; 2002. <span class="bk_hlight">Table 4.8, Mean
|
|
objective measures of health for healthcare facility users; p.
|
|
4-33.</span></p></div><div id="A39434"><h3>3. Figure in a dissertation or thesis</h3><p>Bicks C. Lurking in the gossip's bowl: genealogy, gynecology, and the politics of
|
|
midwifery in Shakespeare's England [dissertation]. [Stanford (CA)]: Stanford
|
|
University, Department of English; 1997 Jun. <span class="bk_hlight">Figure 9, Syringe for emergency <i>in
|
|
utero</i> baptism; p.194.</span></p><p>Roberts PR. Snakes and ladders: the pursuit of a safety culture in New Zealand
|
|
public hospitals [master's thesis]. [Wellington (New Zealand)]: Victoria
|
|
University of Wellington, Institute of Policy Studies and Health Services
|
|
Research Centre; 2002. <span class="bk_hlight">Figure 2.1,
|
|
Schema showing relationship of paradigms to human performance and links to
|
|
and through culture; p. 13.</span></p><p>Deutsch B. Lifestyle and contaminants in Greenland 1994-1996: evaluation of the
|
|
AMAP, Human Health Subprogram [master's thesis]. Aarhus (Denmark): University of
|
|
Aarhus; 1999. <span class="bk_hlight">Figure 2, Histograms of
|
|
birth weight and gestational age; p. 20.</span></p></div><div id="A39435"><h3>4. Appendix in a dissertation or thesis</h3><p>Grant MM. Under the microscope: "race," gender, and medical laboratory science in
|
|
Canada [dissertation]. [Toronto (ON)]: University of Toronto, Ontario Institute
|
|
for Studies in Education; 2004. <span class="bk_hlight">Appendix, Survey on the career patterns and professional experiences of
|
|
Canadian medical laboratory technologists; p. 285-92.</span></p><p>Kneale C. Health claims: an exploration of the current debate in Australia
|
|
[master's thesis]. Sydney (Australia): University of Sydney, Nutrition Research
|
|
Foundation; 1996 Oct. <span class="bk_hlight">Appendix 4, Health
|
|
claims questionnaire; p. 49.</span></p><p>Munoz JA. What is the quality of care in a developing country? Measuring
|
|
physician practice and health outcomes [dissertation]. Santa Monica (CA): Rand
|
|
Graduate School; 2002. <span class="bk_hlight">Appendix 1,
|
|
Background on problems of less developed countries; p.
|
|
A1-8.</span></p></div><div id="A39436"><h3>5. Other part of a dissertation or thesis</h3><p>Powers JC. Herman Boerhaave and the pedagogical reform of eighteenth-century
|
|
chemistry [dissertation]. [Bloomington (IN)]: Indiana University, Department of
|
|
History and Philosophy of Science; 2001 May. <span class="bk_hlight">Epilogue, Boerhaave's legacy; p.
|
|
296-301.</span></p><p>Mackowski MP. Human factors: aerospace medicine and the origins of manned space
|
|
flight in the United States [dissertation]. [Tempe (AZ)]: Arizona State
|
|
University; 2002 May. <span class="bk_hlight">Part 2, Space
|
|
medicine; p. 188-377.</span></p></div><div id="A39437"><h3>6. Other part of a dissertation or thesis, without name and
|
|
number/letter</h3><p>Kairo JG. A review of the ecology and restoration of mangroves systems
|
|
[dissertation]. Brussels (Belgium): Vrije University; 2001. <span class="bk_hlight">Ecology and restoration of mangrove systems in
|
|
Kenya; p. 2-15.</span></p><p>Kneale C. Health claims: an exploration of the current debate in Australia
|
|
[master's thesis]. Sydney (Australia): University of Sydney, Nutrition Research
|
|
Foundation; 1996 Oct. <span class="bk_hlight">Summary
|
|
recommendations; p. 44.</span></p><p>Stewart EP. Who shall decide when doctors disagree? Hoaxes and American men of
|
|
science in the nineteenth century [dissertation]. Washington: American
|
|
University, Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences; 2003. <span class="bk_hlight">"Doctor" Dionysius Lardner; p.
|
|
132-48.</span></p><p>Mackowski MP. Human factors: aerospace medicine and the origins of manned space
|
|
flight in the United States [dissertation]. [Tempe (AZ)]: Arizona State
|
|
University; 2002 May. <span class="bk_hlight">[Map], Germany
|
|
1946: showing Allied zones of occupation; p. 188.</span></p></div><div id="A39438"><h3>7. Part of a dissertation or thesis in a language other than English</h3><p>Tamayo Lorenzo PA. Descentralizacion y financiacion de la asistencia sanitaria
|
|
publica en Espana: un estudio desde la perspectiva de la equidad [dissertation].
|
|
Madrid: Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia; 1999. <span class="bk_hlight">Tabla 5.11, Resumen de los resultados de los
|
|
estudios evaluados, en terminos de necesidad para cada comunidad autonoma;
|
|
p. 238. Spanish.</span></p><p>
|
|
<i>with translation</i>
|
|
</p><p>Tamayo Lorenzo PA. Descentralizacion y financiacion de la asistencia sanitaria
|
|
publica en Espana: un estudio desde la perspectiva de la equidad <span class="bk_hlight">[Decentralization and financing of public health
|
|
assistance in Spain: a study from the perspective of
|
|
equality]</span> [dissertation]. Madrid: Universidad Nacional de
|
|
Educacion a Distancia; 1999. Tabla 5.11, Resumen de los resultados de los
|
|
estudios evaluados, en terminos de necesidad para cada comunidad autonoma
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">[Table 5.11, Summary of the results
|
|
of the evaluated studies, in terms of need for each independent community];
|
|
p. 238. Spanish.</span></p></div></div><div class="bk_prnt_sctn"><h2>Boxes</h2><div><div id="A39440" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 1</span><span class="title">Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39441" class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep hyphens in surnames<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39442" class="half_rhythm"><div>Estelle
|
|
Palmer-Canton   <i>becomes</i>   Palmer-Canton
|
|
E</div></li><li id="A39443" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ahmed
|
|
El-Assmy   <i>becomes</i>   El-Assmy
|
|
A</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39444" class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep particles, such as O', D', and L'<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39445" class="half_rhythm"><div>Alan D.
|
|
O'Brien   <i>becomes</i>   O'Brien
|
|
AD</div></li><li id="A39446" class="half_rhythm"><div>James
|
|
O.
|
|
L'Esperance   <i>becomes</i>   L'Esperance
|
|
JO</div></li><li id="A39447" class="half_rhythm"><div>U.
|
|
S'adeh   <i>becomes</i>   S'adeh
|
|
U</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39448" class="half_rhythm"><div>Omit all other punctuation in surnames<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39449" class="half_rhythm"><div>Charles A.
|
|
St.
|
|
James   <i>becomes</i>   St
|
|
James CA</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39450" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 2</span><span class="title">Other surname rules</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39451" class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep prefixes in surnames<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39452" class="half_rhythm"><div>Lama Al
|
|
Bassit   <i>becomes</i>   Al
|
|
Bassit L</div></li><li id="A39453" class="half_rhythm"><div>Jiddeke M. van de
|
|
Kamp   <i>becomes</i>   van
|
|
de Kamp JM</div></li><li id="A39454" class="half_rhythm"><div>Gerard de
|
|
Pouvourville   <i>becomes</i>   de
|
|
Pouvourville G</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39455" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A39456" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39457" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A39458" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A39459" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A39460" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A39461" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A39462" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A39463" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A39464" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39465" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39466" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A39467" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39468" class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep compound surnames even if no hyphen appears<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39469" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sergio
|
|
Lopez
|
|
Moreno   <i>becomes</i>   Lopez
|
|
Moreno S</div></li><li id="A39470" class="half_rhythm"><div>Jaime Mier y
|
|
Teran   <i>becomes</i>   Mier
|
|
y Teran J</div></li><li id="A39471" class="half_rhythm"><div>Virginie Halley des
|
|
Fontaines   <i>becomes</i>   Halley
|
|
des Fontaines V</div></li></ul></div><div>[If you cannot determine from the title page whether a
|
|
surname is compound or a combination of a middle name and a
|
|
surname, look elsewhere in the text for clarification. For
|
|
example, Elizabeth Scott Parker may be interpreted to be
|
|
Parker ES or Scott Parker E.]</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39472" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 3</span><span class="title">Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or
|
|
particle</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39473" class="half_rhythm"><div>Disregard hyphens joining given (first or middle) names<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39474" class="half_rhythm"><div>Jean-Louis
|
|
Lagrot   <i>becomes</i>   Lagrot
|
|
JL</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39475" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use only the first letter of given names and middle names if
|
|
they contain a prefix, a preposition, or another
|
|
particle<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39476" class="half_rhythm"><div>D'Arcy
|
|
Hart   <i>becomes</i>   Hart
|
|
D</div></li><li id="A39477" class="half_rhythm"><div>W. St.
|
|
John
|
|
Patterson   <i>becomes</i>   Patterson
|
|
WS</div></li><li id="A39478" class="half_rhythm"><div>De la
|
|
Broquerie
|
|
Fortier   <i>becomes</i>   Fortier
|
|
D</div></li><li id="A39479" class="half_rhythm"><div>Craig
|
|
McC.
|
|
Brooks   <i>becomes</i>   Brooks
|
|
CM</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39480" class="half_rhythm"><div>Disregard traditional abbreviations of given names. Some
|
|
non-US publications use abbreviations of conventional given
|
|
names rather than single initials, such as St. for Stefan.
|
|
Use only the first letter of the abbreviation.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39481" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ch.
|
|
Wunderly   <i>becomes</i>   Wunderly
|
|
C</div></li><li id="A39482" class="half_rhythm"><div>C. Fr.
|
|
Erdman   <i>becomes</i>   Erdman
|
|
CF</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39483" class="half_rhythm"><div>For non-English names that are romanized (written in the
|
|
roman alphabet), capitalize only the first letter if the
|
|
original initial is represented by more than one letter<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39484" class="half_rhythm"><div>Iu. A.
|
|
Iakontov   <i>becomes</i>   Iakontov
|
|
IuA</div></li><li id="A39485" class="half_rhythm"><div>G.
|
|
Th.
|
|
Tsakalos   <i>becomes</i>   Tsakalos
|
|
GTh</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39486" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 4</span><span class="title">Degrees, titles, and honors following a personal name</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39487" class="half_rhythm"><div>Omit degrees, titles, and honors such as M.D. following a
|
|
personal name<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39488" class="half_rhythm"><div>James A. Reed, M.D.,
|
|
F.R.C.S.   <i>becomes</i>   Reed
|
|
JA</div></li><li id="A39489" class="half_rhythm"><div>Kristine Schmidt,
|
|
M.S.   <i>becomes</i>   Schmidt
|
|
K</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39490" class="half_rhythm"><div>Omit rank and honors such as Colonel or Sir that precede a
|
|
name<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39491" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sir Frances
|
|
Hildebrand   <i>becomes</i>   Hildebrand
|
|
F</div></li><li id="A39492" class="half_rhythm"><div>Captain
|
|
Rachel C.
|
|
Williams   <i>becomes</i>   Williams
|
|
RC</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39493" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 5</span><span class="title">Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39494" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place family designations of rank after the initials, without
|
|
punctuation</div></li><li id="A39495" class="half_rhythm"><div>Convert roman numerals to arabic ordinals<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39496" class="half_rhythm"><div>Vincent T.
|
|
DeVita,
|
|
Jr.   <i>becomes</i>   DeVita
|
|
VT Jr</div></li><li id="A39497" class="half_rhythm"><div>James G. Jones
|
|
II   <i>becomes</i>   Jones
|
|
JG 2nd</div></li><li id="A39498" class="half_rhythm"><div>John A. Adams
|
|
III   <i>becomes</i>   Adams
|
|
JA 3rd</div></li><li id="A39499" class="half_rhythm"><div>Henry B. Cooper
|
|
IV   <i>becomes</i>   Cooper
|
|
HB 4th</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39500" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 6</span><span class="title">Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew,
|
|
Korean) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese)</span></h3><p>Romanization, a form of transliteration, means using the roman (Latin)
|
|
alphabet to represent the letters or characters of another alphabet. A
|
|
good authority for romanization is the <i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC
|
|
Romanization Tables</a></i>.</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39501" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize names in Cyrillic (Russian, Bulgarian, etc.), Greek,
|
|
Arabic, Hebrew, Korean, or character-based languages, such as
|
|
Chinese and Japanese</div></li><li id="A39502" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize only the first letter of romanized names if the
|
|
original initial is represented by more than one letter<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39503" class="half_rhythm"><div>Iu. A.
|
|
Iakontov   <i>becomes</i>   Iakontov
|
|
IuA</div></li><li id="A39504" class="half_rhythm"><div>G.
|
|
Th.
|
|
Tsakalos   <i>becomes</i>   Tsakalos
|
|
GTh</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39505" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A39506" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39507" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A39508" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A39509" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A39510" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A39511" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A39512" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A39513" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A39514" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39515" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39516" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A39517" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39518" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 7</span><span class="title">Options for author names</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39519" class="half_rhythm"><div>Full first names of authors may be given. Separate the
|
|
surname from the given name or initials by a comma; follow
|
|
initials with a period; separate successive names by a
|
|
semicolon. <ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39520" class="half_rhythm"><div>Clark, John D.</div></li><li id="A39521" class="half_rhythm"><div>Takagi, Yasushi; Harada,
|
|
Jun.</div></li><li id="A39522" class="half_rhythm"><div>Mann,
|
|
Frederick D.; Swartz, Mary
|
|
N.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39523" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 8</span><span class="title">Titles not in English</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39524" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide the title in the original language for non-English
|
|
language titles in the roman alphabet (primarily European
|
|
languages, such as French, German, Spanish, Italian,
|
|
Swedish, etc.)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39525" class="half_rhythm"><div>Cisse A. Connaissances et
|
|
comportements sexuels des jeunes de 15-29 ans sur
|
|
les M.T.S. et le SIDA a Bamako [master's thesis].
|
|
[Quebec (QC)]: Laval University; 1993. 69 p.
|
|
French.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39526" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize (write in the roman alphabet) titles in Cyrillic,
|
|
Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or Korean. A good authority for romanization
|
|
is the <i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC Romanization
|
|
Tables</a></i>.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39527" class="half_rhythm"><div>al-Bab HD. Hasiyat
|
|
al-muthah [dissertation]. [Damascus (Syria)]:
|
|
Damascus University; 1966. 35 p.
|
|
Arabic.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39528" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize or translate titles in character-based languages
|
|
(Chinese, Japanese). Place translated titles in square
|
|
brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Feng J. Gong gong jian kang wei ji yu WTO zhi shi chan quan zhi du de gai ge: yi TRIPs xie yi wei zhong xin [dissertation]. [Wuchang (China)]: Wuhan University; 2005. 251 p. Chinese.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><i>or</i></div></li><li id="A39531" class="half_rhythm"><div>Feng J. [Public health crisis and the reformation of intellectual property rights regime in the framework of WTO: focus on TRIPs agreement] [dissertation]. [Wuchang (China)]: Wuhan University; 2005. 251 p. Chinese.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39532" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in titles.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A39533" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39534" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A39535" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A39536" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A39537" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A39538" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A39539" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A39540" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A39541" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39542" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39543" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A39544" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39545" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide an English translation after the original language
|
|
title if possible; place translations in square
|
|
brackets<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39546" class="half_rhythm"><div>Cisse A. Connaissances et comportements
|
|
sexuels des jeunes de 15-29 ans sur les M.T.S. et
|
|
le SIDA a Bamako [Sexual knowledge and behavior of
|
|
young people 15-29 years of age concerning
|
|
sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and AIDS in
|
|
Bamako] [master's thesis]. [Quebec (QC)]: Laval
|
|
University; 1993. 69 p.
|
|
French.</div></li><li id="A39547" class="half_rhythm"><div>al-Bab HD. Hasiyat al-muthah [Prostatic
|
|
calculi] [dissertation]. [Damascus (Syria)]:
|
|
Damascus University; 1966. 35 p.
|
|
Arabic.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39548" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 9</span><span class="title">Titles containing a Greek letter, chemical formula, or another
|
|
special character</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39549" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize the first word of a title unless the title begins
|
|
with a Greek letter, chemical formula, or another special
|
|
character that might lose its meaning if capitalized<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39550" class="half_rhythm"><div>Martin EJ.
|
|
1,1-dichloroethylene-induced mitochondrial
|
|
aberrations precede apoptotic and necrotic cell
|
|
death in murine liver and lung [dissertation].
|
|
Kingston (ON): Queen's University; 2004. 149
|
|
p.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39551" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title contains a Greek letter or some other symbol that
|
|
cannot be reproduced with the type fonts available,
|
|
substitute the name for the symbol. For example, Ω
|
|
becomes omega.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39552" class="half_rhythm"><div>Goel R. Characterization of
|
|
α-thrombin-induced rapid phase of PI
|
|
3-kinase [dissertation]. St. Louis (MO): Saint
|
|
Louis University; 2004. 141
|
|
p.</div></li><li id="A39553" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>or</i></div></li><li id="A39554" class="half_rhythm"><div>Goel R. Characterization of
|
|
alpha-thrombin-induced rapid phase of PI 3-kinase
|
|
[dissertation]. St. Louis (MO): Saint Louis
|
|
University; 2004. 141
|
|
p.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39555" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title contains superscripts or subscripts that cannot be
|
|
reproduced with the type fonts available, place the
|
|
superscript or subscript in parentheses<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39556" class="half_rhythm"><div>Uddemarri
|
|
S. Aging affects stretch-induced p70<sup>S6k</sup>
|
|
and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation in fast- and
|
|
slow-twitch muscle [master's thesis]. [Huntington
|
|
(WV)]: Marshall University; 2005. 151
|
|
p.</div></li><li id="A39557" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>or</i></div></li><li id="A39558" class="half_rhythm"><div>Uddemarri S. Aging affects
|
|
stretch-induced p70(S6k) and 4E-BP1
|
|
phosphorylation in fast- and slow-twitch muscle
|
|
[master's thesis]. [Huntington (WV)]: Marshall
|
|
University; 2005. 151
|
|
p.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39559" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 10</span><span class="title">Titles ending in punctuation other than a period</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39560" class="half_rhythm"><div>Most titles for dissertations and theses end in a period.
|
|
Place [dissertation] or [master's thesis] inside the
|
|
period.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39561" class="half_rhythm"><div>Kennaway JG. Musical pathology in the
|
|
nineteenth century: Richard Wagner and
|
|
degeneration [dissertation]. Los Angeles:
|
|
University of California, Los Angeles; 2004. 317
|
|
p.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39562" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title ends in another form of punctuation, keep that
|
|
punctuation and follow [dissertation] or [master's thesis]
|
|
with a period<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39563" class="half_rhythm"><div>Stewart EP. Who shall decide when doctors
|
|
disagree? [dissertation]. [Washington]: American
|
|
University; 2003. 368
|
|
p.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39564" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 11</span><span class="title">Non-English titles with translation</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39565" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a translation of a title is provided, place it in square
|
|
brackets</div></li><li id="A39566" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place [dissertation] or [master's thesis] after the
|
|
translated title<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39567" class="half_rhythm"><div>Montes Alvarez MJ. Parametros
|
|
predictivos de complicaciones macroangiopaticos en
|
|
la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 que precisa
|
|
insulinoterapia [Predictive parameters for
|
|
macroangiopathy complications in Type 2 diabetes
|
|
which requires insulin] [dissertation]. Cadiz
|
|
(Spain): Universidad de Cadiz; 2005. 180 p.
|
|
Spanish.</div></li><li id="A39568" class="half_rhythm"><div>Im D. [A study of the Korean ginseng and
|
|
oriental medical clinics: the main drugstaffs of
|
|
the ginseng extract and the effect of cancer
|
|
treatment] [dissertation]. Soeul (Korea): Golden
|
|
State University; 1984. 151 p.
|
|
Korean.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39569" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 12</span><span class="title">Titles ending in punctuation other than a period</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39570" class="half_rhythm"><div>Most titles of dissertations end in a period. Place [master's
|
|
thesis on microfiche] or [dissertation on microfilm], etc.,
|
|
inside the period.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39571" class="half_rhythm"><div>Johnston PG. A survey of nursing
|
|
school libraries in the city of Philadelphia
|
|
[master's thesis on microcard]. Philadelphia:
|
|
Drexel Institute of Technology; 1955. 55 p. 3
|
|
microcards: 3 x 5 in.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39572" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title ends in another form of punctuation, keep that
|
|
punctuation and follow [master's thesis on microfiche] or
|
|
[dissertation on microfilm], etc., with a period<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39573" class="half_rhythm"><div>Boyer CL.
|
|
Do rural Medicare patients have different
|
|
post-acute service patterns than their non-rural
|
|
counterparts? [dissertation on microfilm].
|
|
[Cleveland (OH)]: Case Western Reserve University;
|
|
2004. 131 p. 1 reel: black & white, negative,
|
|
35 mm.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39574" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 13</span><span class="title">Non-English titles with translation</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39575" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">If a translation of a title is provided, place the
|
|
translation in square brackets</div></li><li id="A39576" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Place [dissertation on microfiche], [master's thesis on
|
|
microcard], and similar phrases after the translated
|
|
title</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39577" class="half_rhythm"><div>Peppas D. Der Anatom Eduard Jacobshagen
|
|
(1886-1967) [The anatomist Eduard Jacobshagen
|
|
(1886-1967)] [dissertation on microfiche].
|
|
[Marburg (Germany)]: Marburg University; 2001. 133
|
|
p. 2 microfiche: negative, 4 x 6 in. German.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39578" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 14</span><span class="title">Non-US cities</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39579" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use the anglicized form of a city name, such as Rome for Roma
|
|
and Moscow for Moskva, whenever possible. However, the name
|
|
as found on the publication may always be used.</div></li><li id="A39580" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A39581" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39582" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A39583" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A39584" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A39585" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A39586" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A39587" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A39588" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A39589" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39590" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39591" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A39592" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39593" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow Canadian cities with the two-letter abbreviation for
|
|
the province, placed in parentheses<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39594" class="half_rhythm"><div>Montreal
|
|
(QC):</div></li><li id="A39595" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ottawa (ON):</div></li><li id="A39596" class="half_rhythm"><div>Vancouver
|
|
(BC):</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39597" class="half_rhythm"><div>If the city is not well known or might be confused with
|
|
another city of the same name, follow the city with the
|
|
country name, either written in full or as the two-letter
|
|
ISO country code (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/">Appendix D</a>). Place the country name or code in
|
|
parentheses. <ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39598" class="half_rhythm"><div>London:</div></li><li id="A39599" class="half_rhythm"><div>Rome:</div></li><li id="A39600" class="half_rhythm"><div>Paris:</div></li><li id="A39601" class="half_rhythm"><div>Madrid:</div></li><li id="A39602" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>but</i></div></li><li id="A39603" class="half_rhythm"><div>Malaga
|
|
(Spain):   <i>or</i>   Malaga
|
|
(ES):</div></li><li id="A39604" class="half_rhythm"><div>Basel
|
|
(Switzerland):   <i>or</i>   Basel
|
|
(CH):</div></li><li id="A39605" class="half_rhythm"><div>Oxford
|
|
(England):   <i>or</i>   Oxford
|
|
(GB):</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A63394" class="half_rhythm"><div>As an option, use the country name or country code after all
|
|
cities not in the US or Canada</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39606" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 15</span><span class="title">No place of publication can be found</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39607" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place of publication (the city where the university or other
|
|
institution granting the degree is located) is frequently
|
|
omitted from the title page of a dissertation or master's
|
|
thesis</div></li><li id="A39608" class="half_rhythm"><div>If no place can be found on the publication, use directories
|
|
of institutions of higher learning to locate one. For
|
|
example, use <a href="http://dir.yahoo.com/Education/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Yahoo's
|
|
Education Directory</a> and the <i>World of
|
|
Learning</i> (London: Europa Publications).
|
|
Surround place names obtained from such other sources with
|
|
square brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39609" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Washington]: American
|
|
University;</div></li><li id="A39610" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Marburg (Germany)]: Marburg
|
|
University;</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39611" class="half_rhythm"><div>If no place of publication can be found, use [place
|
|
unknown]</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39612" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 16</span><span class="title">Abbreviations in publisher names</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39613" class="half_rhythm"><div>Abbreviate commonly used words in names of institutions, if
|
|
desired <ul class="simple-list"><li id="A63395" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>Examples:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39614" class="half_rhythm"><div>Acad. for Academy</div></li><li id="A39615" class="half_rhythm"><div>Coll. for
|
|
College</div></li><li id="A39616" class="half_rhythm"><div>Dept. for Department</div></li><li id="A39617" class="half_rhythm"><div>Div. for
|
|
Division</div></li><li id="A39618" class="half_rhythm"><div>Inst. for Institute or
|
|
Institution</div></li><li id="A39619" class="half_rhythm"><div>Univ. for University</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A63396" class="half_rhythm"><div>See <a href="/books/n/citmed/appc/">Appendix C</a> for
|
|
more abbreviations of commonly used English
|
|
words.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A39620" class="half_rhythm"><div>Be consistent. If you abbreviate a word in one reference in a
|
|
list of references, abbreviate the same word in all
|
|
references.</div></li><li id="A39621" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow all abbreviated words with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39622" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 17</span><span class="title">Non-English names of institutions</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39623" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give institution names appearing in the roman alphabet
|
|
(French, Spanish, Italian, etc.) in their original
|
|
language<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39624" class="half_rhythm"><div>Rome: Universita La
|
|
Sapienza;</div></li><li id="A39625" class="half_rhythm"><div>Navarra (Spain): Universidad de
|
|
Navarra;</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39626" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize names given in Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39627" class="half_rhythm"><div>Rousse
|
|
(Bulgaria): Rusenski
|
|
Universitet;</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39628" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize names or translate names presented in
|
|
character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese). Place all
|
|
translated publisher names in square brackets unless the
|
|
translation is given in the publication.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39629" class="half_rhythm"><div>Akita
|
|
(Japan): Akita Daigaku;</div></li><li id="A39630" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>or</i></div></li><li id="A39631" class="half_rhythm"><div>Akita (Japan): [Akita
|
|
University];</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39632" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A39633" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39634" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A39635" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A39636" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A39637" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A39638" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A39639" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A39640" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A39641" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39642" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39643" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A39644" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39645" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow a non-English name with a translation, if desired.
|
|
Place all translated publisher names in square
|
|
brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39646" class="half_rhythm"><div>Rousse (Bulgaria): Rusenski Universitet
|
|
[Rousse University];</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39647" class="half_rhythm"><div>If the name of a division of other part of an organization is
|
|
included in the publisher information, give the names in
|
|
hierarchical order from highest to lowest<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39648" class="half_rhythm"><div>Valencia
|
|
(Spain): Universidade de Valencia, Instituto de
|
|
Historia de la Ciencia y Documentacion Lopez
|
|
Pinero;</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39649" class="half_rhythm"><div>As an option, you may translate all publisher names not in
|
|
English. Place all translated publisher names in square
|
|
brackets unless the translation is given in the
|
|
publication.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39650" class="half_rhythm"><div>Akita (Japan): [Akita
|
|
University];</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39651" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 18</span><span class="title">Government agencies and other national and international bodies as
|
|
publisher</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39652" class="half_rhythm"><div>When citing publishers that are national bodies such as
|
|
government agencies, if a nationality is not part of the
|
|
name, place the country's two-letter ISO country code (see
|
|
<a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/">Appendix D</a>) in
|
|
parentheses after the name <ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39653" class="half_rhythm"><div>Naval Postgraduate School
|
|
(US)</div></li><li id="A39654" class="half_rhythm"><div>Royal Institute of Public Health
|
|
(GB)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39655" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 19</span><span class="title">Non-English names for months</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39656" class="half_rhythm"><div>Translate names of months into English</div></li><li id="A39657" class="half_rhythm"><div>Abbreviate them using the first three letters</div></li><li id="A39658" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize them</div><div>
|
|
<i>For example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39659" class="half_rhythm"><div>mayo = May</div></li><li id="A39660" class="half_rhythm"><div>luty = Feb</div></li><li id="A39661" class="half_rhythm"><div>brezen = Mar</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39662" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 20</span><span class="title">Seasons instead of months</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39663" class="half_rhythm"><div>Translate names of seasons into English</div></li><li id="A39664" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize them</div></li><li id="A39665" class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not abbreviate them</div><div>
|
|
<i>For example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39666" class="half_rhythm"><div>balvan = Summer</div></li><li id="A39667" class="half_rhythm"><div>outomno = Fall</div></li><li id="A39668" class="half_rhythm"><div>hiver = Winter</div></li><li id="A39669" class="half_rhythm"><div>pomlad = Spring</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39670" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 20a</span><span class="title">Options for date of publication</span></h3><p>It is not NLM policy, but the following is an acceptable option:</p><p>The date of publication may follow the author names in the list of
|
|
references when the name-year system of in-text references is used</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39671" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Use the year of publication only</div></li><li id="A39672" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Place the year after the last named author, followed by a
|
|
period</div></li><li id="A39673" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">End publisher information with a period</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>NLM citation:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39674" class="half_rhythm"><div>Liu-Ambrose TY. Studies of fall risk and bone
|
|
morphology in older women with low bone mass
|
|
[dissertation]. [Vancouver (BC)]: University of
|
|
British Columbia; 2004. 290 p.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Name-year system of citation:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39675" class="half_rhythm"><div>Liu-Ambrose TY. 2004. Studies of fall risk and
|
|
bone morphology in older women with low bone mass
|
|
[dissertation]. [Vancouver (BC)]: University of
|
|
British Columbia. 290 p.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39676" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 21</span><span class="title">No numbers appear on the pages</span></h3><p>Occasionally, a dissertation or thesis will have no numbers on its pages.
|
|
If the entire publication has no page numbers:</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39677" class="half_rhythm"><div>Count the total number of pages of the text</div></li><li id="A39678" class="half_rhythm"><div>Express the total as leaves, not pages</div></li><li id="A39679" class="half_rhythm"><div>End with a period</div><div>
|
|
<i>Example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39680" class="half_rhythm"><div>37 leaves.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39681" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 22</span><span class="title">Language for describing physical characteristics</span></h3><p>If a dissertation or thesis is published on microfiche, microfilm, or
|
|
microcards:</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39682" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Begin with information on the number and type of physical
|
|
pieces, followed by a colon and a space<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39683" class="half_rhythm"><div>5
|
|
microfiche:</div></li><li id="A39684" class="half_rhythm"><div>3 reels: [of
|
|
microfilm]</div></li><li id="A39685" class="half_rhythm"><div>6 microcards:</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39686" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Enter information on the physical characteristics, such as
|
|
color and size. Abbreviate common words for measurement,
|
|
such as in. for inches. Separate types of information by
|
|
commas.</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Typical words used include:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39687" class="half_rhythm"><div>color</div></li><li id="A39688" class="half_rhythm"><div>black & white</div></li></ul>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39689" class="half_rhythm"><div>positive</div></li><li id="A39690" class="half_rhythm"><div>negative</div></li></ul>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39691" class="half_rhythm"><div>4 x 6 in. (standard microfiche size)</div></li><li id="A39692" class="half_rhythm"><div>3 x 5 in. (standard microcard size)</div></li><li id="A39693" class="half_rhythm"><div>35 mm. (a standard microfilm size)</div></li><li id="A39694" class="half_rhythm"><div>16 mm. (a standard microfilm size)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Examples of complete physical description
|
|
statements:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39695" class="half_rhythm"><div>3 microfiche: color, positive, 4 x 6 in.</div></li><li id="A39696" class="half_rhythm"><div>5 microcards: black & white, 3 x 5 in.</div></li><li id="A39697" class="half_rhythm"><div>1 reel: black& white, negative, 35 mm.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39698" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 23</span><span class="title">Dissertations or theses accompanied by a videocassette, CD-ROM, DVD,
|
|
etc.</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39699" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a dissertation or thesis has supplemental material
|
|
accompanying it in the form of a videocassette, CD-ROM, DVD,
|
|
or another medium, begin by citing the dissertation or
|
|
theses. Add the phrase "Accompanied by:" followed by a space
|
|
and the number and type of medium. <ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39700" class="half_rhythm"><div>Lukasik-Sedmak DM. How to
|
|
develop an interactive MRI brain cross-sectional
|
|
anatomy CD-ROM and Web-based educational materials
|
|
to meet the needs of medical imaging specialists
|
|
working in magnetic resonance imaging
|
|
[dissertation]. [Milwaukee (WI)]: Cardinal Stritch
|
|
University; 2002. 113 p. Accompanied by: 1
|
|
CD-ROM.</div></li><li id="A39701" class="half_rhythm"><div>Morgan JC. VISIO/KINESIS: a mixed media
|
|
installation and performance [master's thesis].
|
|
Dominguez Hills (CA): California State University,
|
|
Dominguez Hills; 2001. 47 p. Accompanied by: 1
|
|
videocassette.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39702" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 24</span><span class="title">Other types of material to include in notes</span></h3><p>The notes element may be used to provide any information the compiler of
|
|
the reference feels is useful to the reader. Begin by citing the
|
|
dissertation or thesis, then add the note. Some examples of notes
|
|
are:</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39703" class="half_rhythm"><div>The specific type of degree<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39704" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ari AB. Eye injuries on
|
|
the battlefields of Iraq and Afghanistan: public
|
|
health implications [master's thesis]. Anchorage
|
|
(AK): University of Alaska; 2005. 48 p. Master of
|
|
Public Health.</div></li><li id="A39705" class="half_rhythm"><div>Verhovsek EL. Examining stages in
|
|
curriculum change: implementation of Complementary
|
|
and Alternative Medicine (CAM) [dissertation].
|
|
[Morgantown (WV)]: West Virginia University; 2003.
|
|
197 p. Doctor of
|
|
Education.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39706" class="half_rhythm"><div>The name of any sponsoring or funding organization<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39707" class="half_rhythm"><div>Kanika K.
|
|
Labor market implications of employer provided
|
|
health insurance [dissertation]. Evanston (IL):
|
|
Northwestern University; 1997. 204 p. Sponsored by
|
|
the Agency for Health Care Policy and
|
|
Research.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39708" class="half_rhythm"><div>The name of any publicly available source for the
|
|
dissertation or thesis, with any accession or other ordering
|
|
number<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39709" class="half_rhythm"><div>Boyer CL. Do rural Medicare patients have
|
|
different post-acute service patterns than their
|
|
non-rural counterparts? [dissertation]. [Cleveland
|
|
(OH)]: Case Western Reserve University; 2004. 131
|
|
p. Available from: UMI, Ann Arbor, MI; AAT
|
|
3145345.</div></li><li id="A39710" class="half_rhythm"><div>Overlock JA. The relationship between balance
|
|
and fundamental motor skills in children five to
|
|
nine years of age [master's thesis]. [Corvallis
|
|
(OR)]: Oregon State University; 2004. 111 p.
|
|
Available from: Kinesiology Publications,
|
|
University of Oregon, Eugene, OR; PSY
|
|
2317.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39711" class="half_rhythm"><div>The location of a library or other holding institution where
|
|
the dissertation/thesis may be found, with any catalog or
|
|
other accession number<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39712" class="half_rhythm"><div>Akerstrom B. Adults with autism and
|
|
mental retardation: a life-span perspective
|
|
[dissertation]. Uppsala (Sweden): S. Academiae
|
|
Upsaliensis; 2001. 156 p. Located at: National
|
|
Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD; W1 AC955 v.20
|
|
2001.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39713" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 25</span><span class="title">Non-English names for parts</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39714" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide the name in the original language for non-English
|
|
names in the roman alphabet (primarily European languages,
|
|
such as French, German, Spanish, Italian, Swedish,
|
|
etc.)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39715" class="half_rhythm"><div>Tabelle 5.3</div></li><li id="A39716" class="half_rhythm"><div>Figura 10a</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39717" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize (write in the roman alphabet) titles in Cyrillic,
|
|
Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or Korean. A good authority for romanization
|
|
is the <i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC Romanization
|
|
Tables</a></i>.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39718" class="half_rhythm"><div>Risunok
|
|
6</div></li><li id="A39719" class="half_rhythm"><div>Parartema
|
|
4</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39720" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize or translate titles in character-based languages
|
|
(Chinese, Japanese). Place translated titles in square
|
|
brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39721" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ichiran-hiyo 3 <i>or</i> [Table 3,
|
|
]</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39722" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in titles.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A39723" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat a letter marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if it were not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39724" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A39725" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A39726" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A39727" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A39728" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A39729" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A39730" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A39731" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39732" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they were two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39733" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A39734" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39735" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide an English translation, if possible, after the
|
|
original language title, placed in square brackets<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39736" class="half_rhythm"><div>Anexo,
|
|
Creacion de las especialidades medicas [Appendix,
|
|
Beginnings of medical specialties]; p. 275-81.
|
|
Spanish.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39737" class="half_rhythm"><div>To help identify parts in other languages, see the following
|
|
examples:<div id="A39738" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK7267/table/A39738/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__A39738_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Language</th><th id="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Chapter</th><th id="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Table</th><th id="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Figure</th><th id="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Appendix</th><th id="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Section</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">French</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Chapitre</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tableau</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Figure</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Appendice</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Section</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">German</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kapitel</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tabelle</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abbildung</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anhang</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sektion</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Figur</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Appendix</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abteilung</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Zusatz</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Italian</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Capitolo</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tabella</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Figura</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Appendice</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Parte</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sezione</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Russian</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Glava</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tablitsa</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risunok</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Prilozenie</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sekcija</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Otdel</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Otdelenie</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Spanish</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Capitulo</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tabla</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Figura</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Apendice</td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Seccion</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A39738_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Parte</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39739" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 26</span><span class="title">No letter or number follows the name</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39740" class="half_rhythm"><div>Occasionally, an author will label a part as simply "Table",
|
|
"Figure", "Appendix", or another name without following the
|
|
name with any letter or number. In this case, give whatever
|
|
name is used for the part and follow it with a comma and the
|
|
title. <ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39741" class="half_rhythm"><div>Appendix, Timetable of human prenatal
|
|
development 1 to 6 weeks; p.
|
|
516-7.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39742" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 27</span><span class="title">No name appears</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39743" class="half_rhythm"><div>If the part being cited is clearly a table, figure, appendix
|
|
or similar part but it is not labeled as such, place the
|
|
name within square brackets and follow it with any
|
|
identifying number or letter<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39744" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Figure], Protein binding
|
|
and drug disposition; p.
|
|
212.</div></li><li id="A39745" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Photograph] 8, Oliver Wendell Holmes,
|
|
Professor of Anatomy and Physiology from 1838 to
|
|
1841; p. 31.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39746" class="half_rhythm"><div>If the part being cited is not a table, figure, or appendix
|
|
and has no other identifying name such as "section", begin
|
|
with the title of the part<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39747" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data and calculations
|
|
required for a life table; p.
|
|
146.</div></li><li id="A39748" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sialography; p.
|
|
1029-30.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39749" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 28</span><span class="title">Non-English titles for parts</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39750" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide the name in the original language for non-English
|
|
titles in the roman alphabet (primarily European languages,
|
|
such as French, German, Spanish, Italian, Swedish,
|
|
etc.)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39751" class="half_rhythm"><div>Tabla 10, Etiologia de la esplenomegalia
|
|
secundaria a procesos infecciosos; p. 109.
|
|
Spanish.</div></li><li id="A39752" class="half_rhythm"><div>Chapitre 4, Le virage de la jouissance; p.
|
|
91-102. French.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39753" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize (write in the roman alphabet) titles in Cyrillic,
|
|
Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or Korean. A good authority for romanization
|
|
is the <i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC Romanization
|
|
Tables</a></i>.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39754" class="half_rhythm"><div>Risunok 2, Tendentsii
|
|
smertnosti i prodolzhitel'nosti zhizni naseleniya
|
|
Ukrainy v poslevoennyi period; p. 53.
|
|
Russian.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39755" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize or translate titles in character-based languages
|
|
(Chinese, Japanese). Place the translation in square
|
|
brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39756" class="half_rhythm"><div>10 Shoyo, Anchi eijingu igaku; p. 23-45.
|
|
Japanese.</div></li><li id="A39757" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Figure 9, Annual progression of swine
|
|
influenza in Seoul]; p. 44.
|
|
Korean.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39758" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in titles.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A39759" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat a letter marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if it were not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39760" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A39761" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A39762" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A39763" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A39764" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A39765" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A39766" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A39767" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39768" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they were two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39769" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A39770" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39771" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide an English translation, if possible, after the
|
|
original language title. Place the translation in square
|
|
brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39772" class="half_rhythm"><div>Tableau 5, Principaux marqueurs biologiques de
|
|
l'etat nutritionnel [Table 5, Principal biological
|
|
markers of nutritional state]; p. 33.
|
|
French.</div></li><li id="A39773" class="half_rhythm"><div>10
|
|
Shoyo, Anchi eijingu igaku [Chapter 10, Anti-aging
|
|
medicine]; p. 23-45.
|
|
Japanese.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39774" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 29</span><span class="title">Titles containing a Greek letter, chemical formula, or other special
|
|
character</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39775" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize the first word of the title of a part unless the
|
|
title begins with a Greek letter, chemical formula, or
|
|
another special character that might lose its meaning if
|
|
capitalized<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39776" class="half_rhythm"><div>Figure 10, n-alkenes on capillary
|
|
columns with stationary phases of C87 hydrocarbon,
|
|
Apiezonl L, CW-20M; p.
|
|
374.</div></li><li id="A39777" class="half_rhythm"><div>Table
|
|
3.1, von Willebrand's disease incidence in Europe;
|
|
p. 63.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39778" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title contains a Greek letter or some other symbol that
|
|
cannot be reproduced with the type fonts available,
|
|
substitute the name for the symbol. For example, Ω
|
|
becomes omega.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39779" class="half_rhythm"><div>Figure 3, Influence of seed extract
|
|
of <i>Syzygium Cumini</i> (Jamun) on
|
|
mice exposed to different doses of
|
|
γ-radiation; p.
|
|
566.</div></li><li id="A39780" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>may
|
|
become</i></div></li><li id="A39781" class="half_rhythm"><div>Figure 3, Influence of seed extract
|
|
of Syzygium Cumini (Jamun) on mice exposed to
|
|
different doses of gamma-radiation; p.
|
|
566.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39782" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title contains superscripts or subscripts that cannot be
|
|
reproduced with the type fonts available, place the
|
|
superscript or subscript in parentheses.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39783" class="half_rhythm"><div>Table 4,
|
|
Glycoprotein mediated transport of NH<sub>3</sub>
|
|
into red blood cells; p.
|
|
149.</div></li><li id="A39784" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>may
|
|
become</i></div></li><li id="A39785" class="half_rhythm"><div>Table 4, Glycoprotein mediated
|
|
transport of NH(3) into red blood cells; p.
|
|
149.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39786" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 30</span><span class="title">No title appears</span></h3><p>Occasionally a part does not have a formal title, only a legend
|
|
(explanatory text) for the table, figure, appendix, or other part. When
|
|
this occurs:</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39787" class="half_rhythm"><div>Create a title from the first few words of the text. Use
|
|
enough words to make the constructed title meaningful.</div></li><li id="A39788" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place the created title within square brackets<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39789" class="half_rhythm"><div>Table,
|
|
[Waist-hip ratio ranges and the sample sizes for
|
|
women aged 40 to 59]; p.
|
|
72.</div></li><li id="A39790" class="half_rhythm"><div>Appendix, [Excerpts from "Prescription Pain
|
|
Medications: Frequently Asked Questions and
|
|
Answers for Health Care Professionals"]; p.
|
|
296-301.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39791" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 31</span><span class="title">Roman numerals for page numbers</span></h3>
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|
<ul><li id="A39792" class="half_rhythm"><div>Contrary to the practice with volume and issue numbers, keep
|
|
roman numerals when they are used as page numbers</div></li><li id="A39793" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give roman numerals in upper or lower case, whichever appears
|
|
in the publication<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39794" class="half_rhythm"><div>Appendix 2, Common aquatic
|
|
invertebrates; p.
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|
XLI-XLII.</div></li><li id="A39795" class="half_rhythm"><div>Table 8, Classification of lung
|
|
adenocarcinoma; p. xv.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
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|
</div></div><div><div id="A39796" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 32</span><span class="title">Part paginated separately</span></h3><p>A part such as an appendix or a group of tables may be given its own
|
|
pagination and begin anew with page one.</p><p>When this occurs, give the total number of pages of the part you wish to
|
|
cite, placed in square brackets, such as [5 p.]</p>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39797" class="half_rhythm"><div>Appendix 3C, Description of model output tables and graphs;
|
|
[7 p.].</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div><div id="A39798" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 33</span><span class="title">No page numbers appear on the pages of the part</span></h3><p>Occasionally, a table, figure, appendix, or another part will appear on a
|
|
page that is not numbered.</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A39799" class="half_rhythm"><div>If only the part to be cited has no page numbers, identify
|
|
the location in relation to numbered pages. For example:
|
|
preceding p. 17 or following p. 503. Place such phrases in
|
|
square brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39800" class="half_rhythm"><div>Figure 5, Modeling the risk of
|
|
in-hospital death following lung resection;
|
|
[preceding p. 55].</div></li><li id="A39801" class="half_rhythm"><div>Appendix, Patient questionnaire;
|
|
[following p. 174].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A39802" class="half_rhythm"><div>If the entire book has no page numbers or the part cannot be
|
|
easily located in relation to numbered pages, give the total
|
|
number of pages of the part you wish to cite, placed in
|
|
square brackets, such as [5 p.]<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A39803" class="half_rhythm"><div>Table, Checklist of
|
|
symptoms; [1 p.].</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
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