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match">◀</a><button id="jr-fip-matches">no matches yet</button><a id="jr-fip-next" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK7258_"><span class="label">Chapter 17</span><span class="title" itemprop="name">Prints and Photographs</span></h1><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK7258_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p></div></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><p>
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<b>A. Individual Prints and Photographs</b>
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</p>
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<ul><li id="A48390" class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="#A48394">Sample Citation and Introduction</a>
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</div></li><li id="A48391" class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="#A48399">Citation Rules with Examples</a>
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</div></li><li id="A48393" class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="#A48720">Examples</a>
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</div></li></ul>
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<p>
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<b>B. Collections of Prints and Photographs</b>
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</p>
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<ul><li id="A63409" class="half_rhythm"><div>
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|
<a href="#A63411">Sample Citation and Introduction</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48392" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="#A48608">Citation Rules with Examples</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A63410" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="#A63412">Examples</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div id="A48394"><h2 id="_A48394_">A. Sample Citation and Introduction to Citing Individual Prints and
|
|
Photographs</h2><p>The general format for a reference to a print or photograph, including
|
|
punctuation:</p><p>
|
|
<b>- author and title provided:</b>
|
|
</p><div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK7258/bin/ch17e1.jpg" alt="Illustration of the general format for a reference to a print or photograph author and title provided." /></div><p>
|
|
<b>- no author named and title constructed:</b>
|
|
</p><div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK7258/bin/ch17e2.jpg" alt="Illustration of the general format for a reference to a print or photograph no author named and title constructed." /></div><p>
|
|
<a href="#A48720">Examples of Citations to Individual Prints and
|
|
Photographs</a>
|
|
</p><p>Prints and photographs usually include portraits, photographs or scenes (of people,
|
|
institutions, and places), caricatures, posters, and graphic art (illustrations and
|
|
diagrams). A print is a copy of a picture made by any printing process. The print
|
|
may be an original drawing, woodcut, etching, engraving, lithograph, or photograph
|
|
transferred to the print medium from a plate cut by an artist or engraver.</p><p>Prints and photographs often contain little information to use in constructing a
|
|
citation. A formal title may be absent and publishing facts unclear. Therefore,
|
|
include in a citation, whenever, possible the name of a library or other public
|
|
archive where the item may be found, along with any order or catalog number
|
|
available. See <a href="#A48597">Notes</a> below.</p><p>Edition has a different meaning for prints than that used for books and all other
|
|
formats. For prints, edition refers to the total number of impressions or copies
|
|
made from the original. Thus a print with 50 copies is said to have an edition of
|
|
50. Edition is often found at the bottom left or bottom right side of a print,
|
|
expressed as a fraction. For example, 10/200 means that this print is the tenth
|
|
impression of a total of 200 impressions made. See <a href="#A48507">Edition</a> below.</p><p>This chapter covers citing prints and photographs that are published as separate
|
|
entities, not as illustrations in journal articles or books. See <a href="/books/n/citmed/A32352/?report=reader#A32756">Chapter 1B Parts of Journal Articles</a> and
|
|
<a href="/books/n/citmed/A34155/?report=reader#A34794">Chapter 2C Parts of Books</a> for
|
|
information on citing the latter. Paintings, sculptures, and other works of art are
|
|
included only when a print or photograph of them has been made. See <a href="http://www.niso.org/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">NISO</a> standard Z39.29 for
|
|
information on citing the actual works of art.</p><p>Prints and photographs may be cited as individual items and as collections. See <a href="#A63411">Chapter 17B Collections of Prints and
|
|
Photographs</a> for information on citing collections.</p><p>Continue to <a href="#A48399">Citation Rules with Examples for Prints
|
|
and Photographs</a>.</p><p>Continue to <a href="#A48720">Examples of Citations to Individual
|
|
Prints and Photographs</a>.</p></div><div id="A48399"><h2 id="_A48399_">Citation Rules with Examples for Individual Prints and Photographs</h2><p>Components/elements are listed in the order they should appear in a reference. An R
|
|
after the component name means that it is required in the citation; an O after the
|
|
name means it is optional.</p><p><a href="#A48400">Author (artist or photographer) (R)</a> | <a href="#A48428">Author Affiliation (O)</a> | <a href="#A48443">Title (R)</a> | <a href="#A48463">Type of Medium
|
|
(R)</a> | <a href="#A48507">Edition (O)</a> | <a href="#A48516">Place of Publication (R)</a> | <a href="#A48533">Publisher (R)</a> | <a href="#A48550">Date of Publication (R)</a> | <a href="#A48570">Physical Description (O)</a> | <a href="#A48577">Series
|
|
(O)</a> | <a href="#A48587">Language (R)</a> | <a href="#A48597">Notes (O)</a></p><div id="A48400"><h3>Author (artist or photographer) for Individual Prints and Photographs
|
|
(required)</h3><div id="A48401"><h4>General Rules for Author (artist or photographer)</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48402" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter the author's surname (family or last name) first</div></li><li id="A48403" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize surnames and enter spaces within surnames as they
|
|
appear on the document cited on the assumption that the author
|
|
approved the form used. For example: Van Der Horn
|
|
<i>or</i> van der Horn; De Wolf
|
|
<i>or</i> de Wolf <i>or</i> DeWolf.</div></li><li id="A48404" class="half_rhythm"><div>Convert given (first) names and middle names to initials for a
|
|
maximum of two initials following each surname</div></li><li id="A48405" class="half_rhythm"><div>Separate multiple author names from each other by a comma and a
|
|
space</div></li><li id="A48406" class="half_rhythm"><div>End author information with a period unless the author role is
|
|
included (see the <a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48874/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48874">Author role included</a> below)</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48874"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48874/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 8" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48874"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48874"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48874/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48874">Box 8</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Author role included. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48407"><h4>Specific Rules for Author (artist or photographer)</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48408" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48756/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48756">Surnames with hyphens
|
|
and other punctuation in them</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48409" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48766/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48766">Other surname
|
|
rules</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48410" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48788/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48788">Given names containing
|
|
punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48411" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48802/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48802">Degrees, titles, and
|
|
honors before or after a personal name</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48412" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48811/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48811">Designations of rank in
|
|
a family, such as Jr and III</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48413" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48818/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48818">Names in non-roman
|
|
alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean) or
|
|
character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese)</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48414" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48836/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48836">Organization as
|
|
author</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48415" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48874/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48874">Author role
|
|
included</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48416" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48884/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48884">No author can be
|
|
found</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48417" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48886/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48886">Options for author
|
|
names</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48756"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48756/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 1" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48756"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48756"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48756/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48756">Box 1</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48766"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48766/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 2" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48766"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48766"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48766/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48766">Box 2</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Other surname rules. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48788"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48788/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 3" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48788"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48788"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48788/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48788">Box 3</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or
|
|
particle. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48802"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48802/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 4" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48802"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48802"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48802/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48802">Box 4</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48811"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48811/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 5" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48811"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48811"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48811/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48811">Box 5</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48818"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48818/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 6" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48818"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48818"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48818/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48818">Box 6</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean) or
|
|
character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese). </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48836"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48836/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 7" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48836"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48836"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48836/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48836">Box 7</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Organization as author. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48884"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48884/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 9" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48884"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48884"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48884/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48884">Box 9</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">No author can be found. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48886"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48886/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 10" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48886"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48886"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48886/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48886">Box 10</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Options for author names. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48418"><h4>Examples for Author (artist or photographer)</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48419" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A48721">Standard citation for a
|
|
print or photograph</a></div></li><li id="A48420" class="half_rhythm"><div>2. <a href="#A48722">Print or photograph author
|
|
with optional full first name</a></div></li><li id="A48421" class="half_rhythm"><div>3. <a href="#A48723">Print or photograph author
|
|
with optional role provided</a></div></li><li id="A48422" class="half_rhythm"><div>4. <a href="#A48724">Print or photograph author
|
|
with only last name provided</a></div></li><li id="A48423" class="half_rhythm"><div>5. <a href="#A48725">Print or photograph with
|
|
multiple authors</a></div></li><li id="A48424" class="half_rhythm"><div>6. <a href="#A48726">Print or photograph authors
|
|
with different roles</a></div></li><li id="A48425" class="half_rhythm"><div>7. <a href="#A48727">Print or photograph with
|
|
organization as author</a></div></li><li id="A48426" class="half_rhythm"><div>8. <a href="#A48728">Print or photograph with no
|
|
author found</a></div></li><li id="A48427" class="half_rhythm"><div>9. <a href="#A48729">Print or photograph with
|
|
author affiliation</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48428"><h3>Author Affiliation for Individual Prints and Photographs (optional)</h3><div id="A48429"><h4>General Rules for Author Affiliation</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48430" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter the affiliation of all authors or only the first author</div></li><li id="A48431" class="half_rhythm"><div>Begin with the department and name of the institution, followed
|
|
by city and state/Canadian province/country</div></li><li id="A48432" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use commas to separate parts of the address</div></li><li id="A48433" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place the address in parentheses, such as (Department of
|
|
Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA)</div></li><li id="A48434" class="half_rhythm"><div>Separate the affiliation from its author by a space</div></li><li id="A48435" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the affiliation with a comma placed outside the
|
|
parentheses, unless the affiliation is for the last author, then
|
|
use a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48436"><h4>Specific Rules for Author Affiliation</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48437" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48890/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48890">Abbreviations in
|
|
affiliations</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48438" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48907/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48907">E-mail address
|
|
included</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48439" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48913/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48913">Organizational names
|
|
for affiliations not in English</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48440" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48938/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48938">Names for cities and
|
|
countries not in English</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48890"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48890/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 11" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48890"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48890"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48890/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48890">Box 11</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Abbreviations in affiliations. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48907"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48907/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 12" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48907"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48907"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48907/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48907">Box 12</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">E-mail address included. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48913"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48913/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 13" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48913"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48913"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48913/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48913">Box 13</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Organizational names for affiliations not in English. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48938"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48938/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 14" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48938"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48938"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48938/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48938">Box 14</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Names for cities and countries not in English. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48441"><h4>Examples for Author Affiliation</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48442" class="half_rhythm"><div>9. <a href="#A48729">Print or photograph with
|
|
author affiliation</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48443"><h3>Title for Individual Prints and Photographs (required)</h3><div id="A48444"><h4>General Rules for Title</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48445" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter the title of the print or photograph as it appears on the
|
|
original document, in the original language</div></li><li id="A48446" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize only the first word of a title, proper nouns, proper
|
|
adjectives, acronyms, and initialisms</div></li><li id="A48447" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use a colon followed by a space to separate a title from a
|
|
subtitle, unless some other form of punctuation such as a
|
|
question mark, period, or an exclamation point is already
|
|
present</div></li><li id="A48448" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow non-English titles with a translation whenever possible;
|
|
place the translation in square brackets</div></li><li id="A48449" class="half_rhythm"><div>End a title with a space unless a question mark or exclamation
|
|
point already ends it</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48450"><h4>Specific Rules for Title</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48451" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48944/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48944">Titles not in
|
|
English</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48452" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48971/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48971">Titles in more than one
|
|
language</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48453" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48977/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48977">Titles containing a
|
|
Greek letter, chemical formula, or another special
|
|
character</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48454" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48989/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48989">Titles ending in
|
|
punctuation other than a period</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48455" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48996/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48996">No title can be
|
|
found</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48944"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48944/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 15" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48944"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48944"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48944/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48944">Box 15</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Titles not in English. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48971"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48971/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 16" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48971"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48971"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48971/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48971">Box 16</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Titles in more than one language. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48977"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48977/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 17" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48977"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48977"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48977/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48977">Box 17</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Titles containing a Greek letter, chemical formula, or another
|
|
special character. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48989"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48989/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 18" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48989"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48989"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48989/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48989">Box 18</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Titles ending in punctuation other than a period. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA48996"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48996/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 19" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA48996"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48996"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A48996/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48996">Box 19</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">No title can be found. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48456"><h4>Examples for Title</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48457" class="half_rhythm"><div>10. <a href="#A48730">Print or photograph title
|
|
with subtitle</a></div></li><li id="A48458" class="half_rhythm"><div>11. <a href="#A48731">Print or photograph title
|
|
ending in punctuation other than a period</a></div></li><li id="A48459" class="half_rhythm"><div>12. <a href="#A48732">Print or photograph with
|
|
constructed title</a></div></li><li id="A48460" class="half_rhythm"><div>13. <a href="#A48733">Print or photograph title
|
|
in a language other than English</a></div></li><li id="A48461" class="half_rhythm"><div>14. <a href="#A48734">Print or photograph title
|
|
with parallel text in two or more languages</a></div></li><li id="A48462" class="half_rhythm"><div>15. <a href="#A48735">Print or photograph title
|
|
for a conference</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48463"><h3>Type of Medium for Individual Prints and Photographs (required)</h3><div id="A48464"><h4>General Rules for Type of Medium</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48465" class="half_rhythm"><div>Indicate the specific type of medium (print, photograph, poster,
|
|
etc.) following the title</div></li><li id="A48466" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place the name of the medium in square brackets and end with a
|
|
period, such as "[photograph]."</div></li><li id="A48467" class="half_rhythm"><div>Add information about the medium according to the instructions
|
|
under <a href="#A48570">Physical
|
|
Description</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48469"><h4>Specific Rules for Type of Medium</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48470" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49002/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49002">Titles ending in
|
|
punctuation other than a period</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48471" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49009/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49009">Titles not in
|
|
English</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49002"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49002/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 20" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49002"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49002"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49002/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49002">Box 20</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Titles ending in punctuation other than a period. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49009"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49009/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 21" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49009"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49009"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49009/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49009">Box 21</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Titles not in English. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48472"><h4>Examples for Type of Medium</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48473" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A48721">Standard citation for a
|
|
print or photograph</a></div></li><li id="A48474" class="half_rhythm"><div>2. <a href="#A48722">Print or photograph author
|
|
with optional full first name</a></div></li><li id="A48475" class="half_rhythm"><div>3. <a href="#A48723">Print or photograph author
|
|
with optional role provided</a></div></li><li id="A48476" class="half_rhythm"><div>4. <a href="#A48724">Print or photograph author
|
|
with only last name provided</a></div></li><li id="A48477" class="half_rhythm"><div>5. <a href="#A48725">Print or photograph with
|
|
multiple authors</a></div></li><li id="A48478" class="half_rhythm"><div>6. <a href="#A48726">Print or photograph authors
|
|
with different roles</a></div></li><li id="A48479" class="half_rhythm"><div>7. <a href="#A48727">Print or photograph with
|
|
organization as author</a></div></li><li id="A48480" class="half_rhythm"><div>8. <a href="#A48728">Print or photograph with no
|
|
author found</a></div></li><li id="A48481" class="half_rhythm"><div>9. <a href="#A48729">Print or photograph with
|
|
author affiliation</a></div></li><li id="A48482" class="half_rhythm"><div>10. <a href="#A48730">Print or photograph title
|
|
with subtitle</a></div></li><li id="A48483" class="half_rhythm"><div>11. <a href="#A48731">Print or photograph title
|
|
ending in punctuation other than a period</a></div></li><li id="A48484" class="half_rhythm"><div>12. <a href="#A48732">Print or photograph with
|
|
constructed title</a></div></li><li id="A48485" class="half_rhythm"><div>13. <a href="#A48733">Print or photograph title
|
|
in a language other than English</a></div></li><li id="A48486" class="half_rhythm"><div>14. <a href="#A48734">Print or photograph title
|
|
with parallel text in two or more languages</a></div></li><li id="A48487" class="half_rhythm"><div>15. <a href="#A48735">Print or photograph title
|
|
for a conference</a></div></li><li id="A48488" class="half_rhythm"><div>16. <a href="#A48736">Print or photograph with
|
|
edition</a></div></li><li id="A48489" class="half_rhythm"><div>17. <a href="#A48737">Print or photograph with
|
|
well known place of publication</a></div></li><li id="A48490" class="half_rhythm"><div>18. <a href="#A48738">Print or photograph with
|
|
lesser known place of publication</a></div></li><li id="A48491" class="half_rhythm"><div>19. <a href="#A48739">Print or photograph with
|
|
place of publication inferred</a></div></li><li id="A48492" class="half_rhythm"><div>20. <a href="#A48740">Print or photograph with no
|
|
place of publication found</a></div></li><li id="A48493" class="half_rhythm"><div>21. <a href="#A48741">Print or photograph
|
|
publisher with subsidiary department/division
|
|
named</a></div></li><li id="A48494" class="half_rhythm"><div>22. <a href="#A48742">Print or photograph with
|
|
government agency as publisher</a></div></li><li id="A48495" class="half_rhythm"><div>23. <a href="#A48743">Print or photograph with no
|
|
publisher found</a></div></li><li id="A48496" class="half_rhythm"><div>24. <a href="#A48744">Print or photograph with no
|
|
place of publication or publisher found</a></div></li><li id="A48497" class="half_rhythm"><div>25. <a href="#A48745">Print or photograph date
|
|
with month and day included</a></div></li><li id="A48498" class="half_rhythm"><div>26. <a href="#A48746">Print or photograph with
|
|
date of copyright instead of date of publication</a></div></li><li id="A48499" class="half_rhythm"><div>27. <a href="#A48747">Print or photograph with
|
|
date estimated</a></div></li><li id="A48500" class="half_rhythm"><div>28. <a href="#A48748">Print or photograph with no
|
|
date of publication found</a></div></li><li id="A48501" class="half_rhythm"><div>29. <a href="#A48749">Print or photograph with no
|
|
place, publisher, or date of publication found</a></div></li><li id="A48502" class="half_rhythm"><div>30. <a href="#A48750">Print or photograph with
|
|
physical description</a></div></li><li id="A48503" class="half_rhythm"><div>31. <a href="#A48751">Print or photograph with a
|
|
series</a></div></li><li id="A48504" class="half_rhythm"><div>32. <a href="#A48752">Print or photograph with
|
|
the name of library or other archive included</a></div></li><li id="A48505" class="half_rhythm"><div>33. <a href="#A48753">Print or photograph with
|
|
supplemental note included</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48507"><h3>Edition for Individual Prints and Photographs (optional)</h3><div id="A48508"><h4>General Rules for Edition</h4><p>Prints are made in a varying number of impressions or copies, called an
|
|
edition, such as an edition of 20 or an edition of 100.</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48509" class="half_rhythm"><div>Begin with the word Edition followed by a colon, a space, and the
|
|
total number of impressions. For example: Edition: 50.</div></li><li id="A48510" class="half_rhythm"><div>Express numbers representing editions in arabic numbers. For
|
|
example: XXX; becomes 30.</div></li><li id="A48511" class="half_rhythm"><div>End the edition statement with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48512"><h4>Specific Rules for Edition</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48513" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49012/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49012">Non-English words for
|
|
editions</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49012"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49012/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 22" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49012"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49012"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49012/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49012">Box 22</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Non-English words for editions. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48514"><h4>Examples for Edition</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48515" class="half_rhythm"><div>16. <a href="#A48736">Print or photograph with
|
|
edition</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48516"><h3>Place of Publication for Individual Prints and Photographs (required)</h3><div id="A48517"><h4>General Rules for Place of Publication</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48518" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place is defined as the city where the print or photograph was
|
|
published</div></li><li id="A48519" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow US and Canadian cities with the two-letter abbreviation
|
|
for the state or province (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appe/?report=reader">Appendix E</a>) to avoid confusion when citing lesser
|
|
known cities or when cities in different locations have the same
|
|
name, such as Palm Springs (CA) and Palm Springs (FL)</div></li><li id="A48520" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow cities in other countries with the name of the country,
|
|
either written out or as the two-letter ISO country code (see
|
|
<a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/?report=reader">Appendix D</a>), when
|
|
citing lesser known cities or when cities in different locations
|
|
have the same name, such as London (ON) and London (England)</div></li><li id="A48521" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use the anglicized form for a non-US city, such as Vienna for
|
|
Wein</div></li><li id="A48522" class="half_rhythm"><div>End place information with a colon</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48523"><h4>Specific Rules for Place of Publication</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48524" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49016/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49016">Non-US cities</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48525" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49045/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49045">No place of publication
|
|
can be found</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49016"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49016/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 23" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49016"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49016"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49016/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49016">Box 23</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Non-US cities. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49045"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49045/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 24" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49045"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49045"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49045/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49045">Box 24</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">No place of publication can be found. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48526"><h4>Examples for Place of Publication</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48527" class="half_rhythm"><div>17. <a href="#A48737">Print or photograph with
|
|
well known place of publication</a></div></li><li id="A48528" class="half_rhythm"><div>18. <a href="#A48738">Print or photograph with
|
|
lesser known place of publication</a></div></li><li id="A48529" class="half_rhythm"><div>19. <a href="#A48739">Print or photograph with
|
|
place of publication inferred</a></div></li><li id="A48530" class="half_rhythm"><div>20. <a href="#A48740">Print or photograph with no
|
|
place of publication found</a></div></li><li id="A48531" class="half_rhythm"><div>24. <a href="#A48744">Print or photograph with no
|
|
place of publication or publisher found</a></div></li><li id="A48532" class="half_rhythm"><div>29. <a href="#A48749">Print or photograph with no
|
|
place, publisher, or date of publication found</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48533"><h3>Publisher for Individual Prints and Photographs (required)</h3><div id="A48534"><h4>General Rules for Publisher</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48535" class="half_rhythm"><div>Record the name of the publisher as it appears in the
|
|
publication, using whatever capitalization and punctuation is
|
|
found there</div></li><li id="A48536" class="half_rhythm"><div>Abbreviate well-known publisher names with caution to avoid
|
|
confusion. For example, "John Wiley & Sons, Ltd." may become
|
|
simply "Wiley".</div></li><li id="A48537" class="half_rhythm"><div>When a division or other subsidiary part of a publisher appears
|
|
in the publication, enter the publisher name first. For example:
|
|
McGraw-Hill, Health Professions Division.</div></li><li id="A48538" class="half_rhythm"><div>End publisher information with a semicolon</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48539"><h4>Specific Rules for Publisher</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48540" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49050/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49050">Abbreviated words in
|
|
publisher names</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48541" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49065/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49065">Non-English names for
|
|
publishers</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48542" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49094/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49094">Government agencies and
|
|
other national and international bodies as publisher</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48543" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49102/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49102">No publisher can be
|
|
found</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49050"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49050/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 25" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49050"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49050"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49050/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49050">Box 25</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Abbreviated words in publisher names. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49065"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49065/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 26" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49065"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49065"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49065/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49065">Box 26</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Non-English names for publishers. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49094"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49094/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 27" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49094"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49094"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49094/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49094">Box 27</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Government agencies and other national and international bodies as
|
|
publisher. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49102"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49102/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 28" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49102"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49102"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49102/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49102">Box 28</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">No publisher can be found. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48544"><h4>Examples for Publisher</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48545" class="half_rhythm"><div>21. <a href="#A48741">Print or photograph
|
|
publisher with subsidiary department/division
|
|
named</a></div></li><li id="A48546" class="half_rhythm"><div>22. <a href="#A48742">Print or photograph with
|
|
government agency as publisher</a></div></li><li id="A48547" class="half_rhythm"><div>23. <a href="#A48743">Print or photograph with no
|
|
publisher found</a></div></li><li id="A48548" class="half_rhythm"><div>24. <a href="#A48744">Print or photograph with no
|
|
place of publication or publisher found</a></div></li><li id="A48549" class="half_rhythm"><div>29. <a href="#A48749">Print or photograph with no
|
|
place, publisher, or date of publication found</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48550"><h3>Date of Publication for Individual Prints and Photographs (required)</h3><div id="A48551"><h4>General Rules for Date of Publication</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48552" class="half_rhythm"><div>Always give the year of publication</div></li><li id="A48553" class="half_rhythm"><div>Convert roman numerals to arabic numbers. For example: MM to
|
|
2000.</div></li><li id="A48554" class="half_rhythm"><div>Include the month of publication, if desired, after the year,
|
|
such as 2004 May</div></li><li id="A48555" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use English names for months and abbreviate them to the first
|
|
three letters, such as Jan</div></li><li id="A48556" class="half_rhythm"><div>End date information with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48557"><h4>Specific Rules for Date of Publication</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48558" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49105/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49105">Non-English names for
|
|
months</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48559" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49112/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49112">Seasons instead of
|
|
months</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48560" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49120/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49120">Date of publication and
|
|
date of copyright</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48561" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49125/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49125">No date of publication,
|
|
but a date of copyright</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48562" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49128/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49128">No date of publication
|
|
or copyright can be found</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48563" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49135/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49135">Options for date of
|
|
publication</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49105"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49105/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 29" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49105"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49105"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49105/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49105">Box 29</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Non-English names for months. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49112"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49112/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 30" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49112"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49112"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49112/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49112">Box 30</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Seasons instead of months. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49120"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49120/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 31" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49120"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49120"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49120/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49120">Box 31</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Date of publication and date of copyright. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49125"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49125/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 32" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49125"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49125"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49125/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49125">Box 32</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">No date of publication, but a date of copyright. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49128"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49128/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 33" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49128"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49128"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49128/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49128">Box 33</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">No date of publication or copyright can be found. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49135"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49135/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 33a" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49135"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49135"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49135/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49135">Box 33a</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Options for date of publication. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48564"><h4>Examples for Date of Publication</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48565" class="half_rhythm"><div>25. <a href="#A48745">Print or photograph date
|
|
with month and day included</a></div></li><li id="A48566" class="half_rhythm"><div>26. <a href="#A48746">Print or photograph with
|
|
date of copyright instead of date of publication</a></div></li><li id="A48567" class="half_rhythm"><div>27. <a href="#A48747">Print or photograph with
|
|
date estimated</a></div></li><li id="A48568" class="half_rhythm"><div>28. <a href="#A48748">Print or photograph with no
|
|
date of publication found</a></div></li><li id="A48569" class="half_rhythm"><div>29. <a href="#A48749">Print or photograph with no
|
|
place, publisher, or date of publication found</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48570"><h3>Physical Description for Individual Prints and Photographs (optional)</h3><div id="A48571"><h4>General Rules for Physical Description</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48572" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give the physical characteristics of the print, photograph, etc.,
|
|
such as 1 photograph: black & white, 8 x 10 in.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48573"><h4>Specific Rules for Physical Description</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48574" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49145/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49145">Language for describing
|
|
physical characteristics</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49145"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49145/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 34" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49145"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49145"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49145/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49145">Box 34</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Language for describing physical characteristics. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48575"><h4>Examples for Physical Description</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48576" class="half_rhythm"><div>30. <a href="#A48750">Print or photograph with
|
|
physical description</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48577"><h3>Series for Individual Prints and Photographs (optional)</h3><div id="A48578"><h4>General Rules for Series</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48579" class="half_rhythm"><div>Begin with the name of the series</div></li><li id="A48580" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize only the first word and proper nouns</div></li><li id="A48581" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the name with any numbers provided. For example, vol. 3
|
|
for a volume or no. 12 for an issue number.</div></li><li id="A48582" class="half_rhythm"><div>Separate the title and the number by a semicolon and a space</div></li><li id="A48583" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place series information in parentheses</div></li><li id="A48584" class="half_rhythm"><div>End series information with a period, placed outside the closing
|
|
parenthesis</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48585"><h4>Examples for Series</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48586" class="half_rhythm"><div>31. <a href="#A48751">Print or photograph with a
|
|
series</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48587"><h3>Language for Individual Prints and Photographs (required)</h3><div id="A48588"><h4>General Rules for Language</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48589" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give the language of the print, photograph, etc., if not
|
|
English</div></li><li id="A48590" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize the language name</div></li><li id="A48591" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the language name with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48592"><h4>Specific Rules for Language</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48593" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49159/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49159">Titles appearing in
|
|
more than one language</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49159"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49159/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 35" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49159"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49159"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49159/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49159">Box 35</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Titles appearing in more than one language. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48594"><h4>Examples for Language</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48595" class="half_rhythm"><div>13. <a href="#A48733">Print or photograph title
|
|
in a language other than English</a></div></li><li id="A48596" class="half_rhythm"><div>14. <a href="#A48734">Print or photograph title
|
|
with parallel text in two or more languages</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48597"><h3>Notes for Individual Prints and Photographs (optional)</h3><div id="A48598"><h4>General Rules for Notes</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48599" class="half_rhythm"><div>Notes is a collective term for any useful information given after
|
|
the citation itself</div></li><li id="A48600" class="half_rhythm"><div>Complete sentences are not required</div></li><li id="A48601" class="half_rhythm"><div>Be brief</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48602"><h4>Specific Rules for Notes</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48603" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49165/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49165">Information on the
|
|
location of the print or photograph</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48604" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49170/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49170">Other types of material
|
|
to include in notes</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49165"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49165/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 36" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49165"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49165"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49165/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49165">Box 36</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Information on the location of the print or photograph. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49170"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49170/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 37" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49170"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49170"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49170/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49170">Box 37</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Other types of material to include in notes. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48605"><h4>Examples for Notes</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48606" class="half_rhythm"><div>32. <a href="#A48752">Print or photograph with
|
|
the name of library or other archive included</a></div></li><li id="A48607" class="half_rhythm"><div>33. <a href="#A48753">Print or photograph with
|
|
supplemental note included</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div></div><div id="A48720"><h2 id="_A48720_">Examples of Citations to Individual Prints and Photographs</h2><div id="A48721"><h3>1. Standard citation for a print or photograph</h3><p>Day J. Dying before their time: early death & AIDS [poster]. Farmington (CT):
|
|
University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Section of Medical Arts &
|
|
Letters; 1988. 1 poster: color, 14 x 21 in.</p></div><div id="A48722"><h3>2. Print or photograph author with optional full first name</h3><p><span class="bk_hlight">Netter, Frank H.</span>
|
|
[Interior view of the ear] [poster]. Summit (NJ): Ciba; [date unknown]. 1
|
|
poster: color, 39 x 27 in.</p></div><div id="A48723"><h3>3. Print or photograph author with optional role provided</h3><p><span class="bk_hlight">Nunney, artist.</span> Learning
|
|
to be doctors in Fiji [poster]. New York: British Information Services; [date
|
|
unknown]. 1 poster: color, 51 x 76 cm.</p><p><span class="bk_hlight">Vedin A, Maliutina O,
|
|
artists.</span> Prichina-alkogol' [poster]. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo
|
|
Plakat; c1990. 1 poster: color, 66 x 48 cm. Russian.</p><p><span class="bk_hlight">Ridley W, engraver.</span>
|
|
Harvey [print]. London: [publisher unknown]; 1796 May 7. 1 print: black &
|
|
white, 3 x 5 in.</p><p><span class="bk_hlight">Baron DA, photographer.</span>
|
|
Would you be more careful if it was you that got pregnant? [poster]. California:
|
|
Pharmacists Planning Service, Inc.; c1986. 1 poster: halftone, 11 x 17 in.</p></div><div id="A48724"><h3>4. Print or photograph author with only last name provided</h3><p><span class="bk_hlight">Walter,</span> engraver. John F.
|
|
Frazer, A.M. [print]. Philadelphia: Harrison; [date unknown]. 1 print: black
|
|
& white, 7 x 10 in.</p><p><span class="bk_hlight">Nunney,</span> artist. Learning
|
|
to be doctors in Fiji [poster]. New York: British Information Services; [date
|
|
unknown]. 1 poster: color, 51 x 76 cm.</p></div><div id="A48725"><h3>5. Print or photograph with multiple authors</h3><p><span class="bk_hlight">Vedin A, Maliutina O.</span>
|
|
Prichina-alkogol' [poster]. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Plakat; c1990. 1 poster: color,
|
|
66 x 48 cm. Russian.</p><p><span class="bk_hlight">Padey G, Auberson G.</span>
|
|
Parlons sante! = Let's talk health! = !Hablemos de la salud!
|
|
= Falemos da saude! [poster]. Geneva: World Health Organization; [date
|
|
unknown]. 1 poster: color, 42 x 60 cm. French, English, Spanish, Portuguese.</p></div><div id="A48726"><h3>6. Print or photograph authors with different roles</h3><p><span class="bk_hlight">Sokolov IS, author; Ivanov KK,
|
|
artist.</span> Stydno, diadia! [For shame, uncle!]
|
|
[poster]. Moscow: Ministerstvo Zdravookhraneniia SSSR, Institut Sanitarnogo
|
|
Prosveshcheniia; 1964. 1 poster: color, 56 x 43 cm. Russian.</p></div><div id="A48727"><h3>7. Print or photograph with organization as author</h3><p><span class="bk_hlight">College des Ondes.</span> Le
|
|
sida se transmet aussi de cette facon [AIDS is transmitted by this behavior]
|
|
[poster]. [Mauritius]: Mauritius Ministere de la Sante, Health Education Unit;
|
|
[date unknown]. 1 poster: color, 12 x 19 in. French.</p></div><div id="A48728"><h3>8. Print or photograph with no author found</h3><p>Observation of bacterial growths in medium to study their effects on teeth
|
|
[photograph]. [Bethesda (MD)]: National Institute of Dental Research (US); [date
|
|
unknown]. 1 photograph: black & white, 8 x 10 in.</p><p>[Floor plans for laboratory] [print]. [Washington]: Army (US), Office of the
|
|
Surgeon-General; [date unknown]. 1 print: black & white, 7 x 9 in.</p></div><div id="A48729"><h3>9. Print or photograph with author affiliation</h3><p>Joseph N <span class="bk_hlight">(Smart + Strong, New York,
|
|
NY).</span> Let's talk [poster]. [Washington]: Pan American Health
|
|
Organization; 1999. 1 poster: color, 18 x 24 in.</p></div><div id="A48730"><h3>10. Print or photograph title with subtitle</h3><p>Help wanted<span class="bk_hlight">: set your own
|
|
hours</span> [poster]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute
|
|
(US); [date unknown]. 1 poster: color, 17 x 22 in.</p></div><div id="A48731"><h3>11. Print or photograph title ending in punctuation other than a
|
|
period</h3><p><span class="bk_hlight">AIDS is over, right?</span>
|
|
[poster]. New York: Visual AIDS; 1998. 1 poster: color, 24 x 35 in.</p><p>Gillray J. <span class="bk_hlight">The cow pock-or-the wonderful
|
|
effects of the new inoculation!</span> [print]. London: H.
|
|
Humphrey; 1802 Jun 12. 1 print: color, 9 x 14 in.</p><p>Sokolov IS, author; Ivanov KK, artist. <span class="bk_hlight">Stydno, diadia! [For shame, uncle!]</span> [poster].
|
|
Moscow: Ministerstvo Zdravookhraneniia SSSR, Institut Sanitarnogo
|
|
Prosveshcheniia; 1964. 1 poster: color, 56 x 43 cm. Russian.</p></div><div id="A48732"><h3>12. Print or photograph with constructed title</h3><p>Kennedy RA. <span class="bk_hlight">[Christian B.
|
|
Anfinsen]</span> [photograph]. [Bethesda (MD)]: National Institutes
|
|
of Health (US), Photographic Research Section; [1952?]. 1 print: black &
|
|
white, 10 x 8 in.</p><p><span class="bk_hlight">[Portrait of five African American female
|
|
nurses in uniform, circa 1920]</span> [photograph]. [New York]:
|
|
National League for Nursing Press; c1991. 1 photograph: black & white, 8 x
|
|
10 in.</p></div><div id="A48733"><h3>13. Print or photograph title in a language other than English</h3><p><span class="bk_hlight">Le soleil peut etre dangereux: travail ou
|
|
loisirs, protegez-vous</span> [poster]. Paris: Ligue Nationale
|
|
Contre le Cancer; 1992. 1 poster: color, 12 x 16 in. <span class="bk_hlight">French.</span></p><p>Diesen H. <span class="bk_hlight">Rus fri</span>
|
|
[poster]. Norway: Statens Edruskapsdirektorat; [date unknown]. 1 poster: color,
|
|
60 x 42 cm. <span class="bk_hlight">Norwegian.</span></p><p><span class="bk_hlight">Drug vodki--vrag
|
|
profsoiuza</span> [print]. Moscow: Narkomzdrava R.S.F.S.R.; 1926. 1
|
|
poster: color, 71 x 105 cm. <span class="bk_hlight">Russian.</span></p><p>
|
|
<i>with translation</i>
|
|
</p><p>Le soleil peut etre dangereux: travail ou loisirs, protegez-vous <span class="bk_hlight">[The sun can be dangerous: at work or play, protect
|
|
yourself]</span> [poster]. Paris: Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer;
|
|
1992. 1 poster: color, 12 x 16 in. <span class="bk_hlight">French.</span></p><p>Diesen H. Rus fri <span class="bk_hlight">[Intoxication
|
|
free]</span> [poster]. Norway: Statens Edruskapsdirektorat; [date
|
|
unknown]. 1 poster: color, 60 x 42 cm. <span class="bk_hlight">Norwegian.</span></p><p>Drug vodki--vrag profsoiuza <span class="bk_hlight">[Friend of
|
|
vodka--enemy of the trade union]</span> [print]. Moscow:
|
|
Narkomzdrava R.S.F.S.R.; 1926. 1 poster: color, 71 x 105 cm. <span class="bk_hlight">Russian.</span></p></div><div id="A48734"><h3>14. Print or photograph title with parallel text in two or more
|
|
languages</h3><p>Boillard J, artist. <span class="bk_hlight">Assemblee des vieux
|
|
garcons = The assembly of old batchelors</span> [print]. London:
|
|
Bowles & Carver; [date unknown]. 1 print: color, 16 x 22 cm. <span class="bk_hlight">French, English.</span></p><p>Girardet E. <span class="bk_hlight">La consultation = Die
|
|
consultation</span> [print]. Paris: Lemercier; [date unknown]. 1
|
|
print: color, 28 x 24 cm. <span class="bk_hlight">French,
|
|
German.</span></p><p>Padey G, Auberson G. <span class="bk_hlight">Parlons sante!
|
|
= Let's talk health! = !Hablemos de la salud! = Falemos da
|
|
saude!</span> [poster]. Geneva: World Health Organization;
|
|
[date unknown]. 1 poster: color, 42 x 60 cm. <span class="bk_hlight">French, English, Spanish,
|
|
Portuguese.</span></p><p>Morris, artist. <span class="bk_hlight">Tobacco or health: choose
|
|
health = Le tabac ou la sante: choisissez la sante = Tabaco o salud: elija
|
|
la salud</span> [poster]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1988.
|
|
1 poster: color, 42 x 30 cm. <span class="bk_hlight">English,
|
|
French, Spanish.</span></p></div><div id="A48735"><h3>15. Print or photograph title for a conference</h3><p>Geriatric assessment methods for clinical decisionmaking [poster]. <span class="bk_hlight">Consensus Development Conference on Geriatric
|
|
Assessment Methods; 1987 Oct 19-21; Bethesda, MD.</span> Bethesda
|
|
(MD): National Institutes of Health (US), Medical Arts and Photography Branch;
|
|
1987. 1 poster: color, 27 x 32 in.</p><p><span class="bk_hlight">Congreso Nacional y Primera Conferencia
|
|
Internacional de Salud Oral</span> [National Congress and 1st
|
|
International Conference on Oral Health] [poster]. Lima (Peru): Colegio
|
|
Odontologico del Peru; 1971. 1 poster: color, 21 x 27 in. Spanish.</p></div><div id="A48736"><h3>16. Print or photograph with edition</h3><p>The world's debt to Pasteur [poster]. <span class="bk_hlight">Edition: 1000.</span> Philadelphia: Wistar Institute; c1984. 1
|
|
poster: color, 9 x 13 in.</p></div><div id="A48737"><h3>17. Print or photograph with well known place of publication</h3><p>The heifer from which the vaccine matter is taken [print]. <span class="bk_hlight">New York:</span> Harper & Brothers;
|
|
1870. 1 print: black & white, 10 x 8 in.</p><p>Le soleil peut etre dangereux: travail ou loisirs, protegez-vous [The sun can be
|
|
dangerous: at work or play, protect yourself] [poster]. <span class="bk_hlight">Paris:</span> Ligue Nationale Contre le
|
|
Cancer; 1992. 1 poster: color, 12 x 16 in. French.</p></div><div id="A48738"><h3>18. Print or photograph with lesser known place of publication</h3><p>Stoepman F. From witchdoctor to MD: a review of more than 20 centuries of medical
|
|
skill--of the scholars, the diseases and the sick--of the world around them
|
|
[poster]. <span class="bk_hlight">Haarlem
|
|
(Netherlands):</span> The Halls; 1972. 1 poster: color, 21 x 31
|
|
in.</p><p>Day J. Dying before their time: early death & AIDS [poster]. <span class="bk_hlight">Farmington (CT):</span> University of
|
|
Connecticut School of Medicine, Section of Medical Arts & Letters; 1988. 1
|
|
poster: color, 14 x 21 in.</p></div><div id="A48739"><h3>19. Print or photograph with place of publication inferred</h3><p>[Portrait of five African American female nurses in uniform, circa 1920]
|
|
[photograph]. <span class="bk_hlight">[New
|
|
York]:</span> National League for Nursing Press; c1991. 1
|
|
photograph: black & white, 8 x 10 in.</p><p>Observation of bacterial growths in medium to study their effects on teeth
|
|
[photograph]. <span class="bk_hlight">[Bethesda
|
|
(MD)]:</span> National Institute of Dental Research (US); [date
|
|
unknown]. 1 photograph: black & white, 8 x 10 in.</p></div><div id="A48740"><h3>20. Print or photograph with no place of publication found</h3><p>Blossom D. Tufts University School of Medicine [photograph]. <span class="bk_hlight">[place unknown]:</span> E.R. Squibb &
|
|
Sons; c1966. 1 photograph: color, 11 x 14 in.</p><p>Thom RA. Pharmacy in Ancient China (about 2000 B.C.) [print]. <span class="bk_hlight">[place unknown]:</span> Parke Davis &
|
|
Company; 1951. 1 print: color, 8 1/2 x 11 in.</p></div><div id="A48741"><h3>21. Print or photograph publisher with subsidiary department/division
|
|
named</h3><p>Day J. Dying before their time: early death & AIDS [poster]. Farmington (CT):
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">University of Connecticut School of
|
|
Medicine, Section of Medical Arts & Letters;</span> 1988. 1
|
|
poster: color, 14 x 21 in.</p><p>Marasmus baby [poster]. Lilongwe (Malawi): <span class="bk_hlight">Malawi Ministry of Health, Health Education
|
|
Section;</span> 1988. 1 poster: black & white, 11 x 23 in.</p></div><div id="A48742"><h3>22. Print or photograph with government agency as publisher</h3><p>[Floor plans for laboratory] [print]. [Washington]: <span class="bk_hlight">Army (US), Office of the
|
|
Surgeon-General;</span> [date unknown]. 1 print: black & white,
|
|
7 x 9 in.</p><p>Observation of bacterial growths in medium to study their effects on teeth
|
|
[photograph]. [Bethesda (MD)]: <span class="bk_hlight">National
|
|
Institute of Dental Research (US);</span> [date unknown]. 1
|
|
photograph: black & white, 8 x 10 in.</p></div><div id="A48743"><h3>23. Print or photograph with no publisher found</h3><p>Spellman DD. [Hugo A. Freund] [photograph]. Detroit: <span class="bk_hlight">[publisher unknown];</span> 1948 Feb. 1
|
|
photograph: black & white, 8 x 11 in.</p></div><div id="A48744"><h3>24. Print or photograph with no place of publication or publisher
|
|
found</h3><p>Kyllingstad H. Indian hospital [photograph]. <span class="bk_hlight">[place unknown: publisher unknown];</span>
|
|
1951. 1 photograph: black & white, 7 x 9 in.</p><p>Eareckson CN. [Dr. Harry Friedenwald] [photograph]. <span class="bk_hlight">[place unknown: publisher unknown];</span>
|
|
1928. 1 photograph: black & white, 5 x 8 in.</p></div><div id="A48745"><h3>25. Print or photograph date with month and day included</h3><p>Ridley W, engraver. Harvey [print]. London: [publisher unknown]; <span class="bk_hlight">1796 May 7.</span> 1 print: black &
|
|
white, 3 x 5 in.</p></div><div id="A48746"><h3>26. Print or photograph with date of copyright instead of date of
|
|
publication</h3><p>[Portrait of five African American female nurses in uniform, circa 1920]
|
|
[photograph]. [New York]: National League for Nursing Press; <span class="bk_hlight">c1991.</span> 1 photograph: black &
|
|
white, 8 x 10 in.</p><p>Vedin A, Maliutina O. Prichina-alkogol [poster]. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Plakat;
|
|
<span class="bk_hlight">c1990.</span> 1 poster:
|
|
color, 66 x 48 cm. Russian.</p></div><div id="A48747"><h3>27. Print or photograph with date estimated</h3><p>Kennedy RA. [Christian B. Anfinsen] [photograph]. [Bethesda (MD)]: National
|
|
Institutes of Health (US), Photographic Research Section; <span class="bk_hlight">[1952?].</span> 1 print: black &
|
|
white, 10 x 8 in.</p><p>First aid packet: first aid help for wounds [photograph]. [place unknown:
|
|
publisher unknown; <span class="bk_hlight">circa
|
|
1900].</span> 1 photograph: black & white, 5 x 6 in. Located
|
|
at: Prints and Photographs Collection, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda,
|
|
MD; Order No.: A022483.</p></div><div id="A48748"><h3>28. Print or photograph with no date of publication found</h3><p>Darbois D. [A young boy in Japan with polio] [photograph]. [Geneva]: World Health
|
|
Organization; <span class="bk_hlight">[date
|
|
unknown].</span> 1 photograph: black & white, 7 x 10 in.</p><p>M Freligh [print]. Philadelphia: Galaxy Pub. Co.; <span class="bk_hlight">[date unknown].</span> 1 print: black
|
|
& white, 6 x 9 in. Portrait of Martin Freligh.</p></div><div id="A48749"><h3>29. Print or photograph with no place, publisher, or date of publication
|
|
found</h3><p>Johan Freyer [print]. <span class="bk_hlight">[place, publisher,
|
|
date unknown].</span> 1 print: black & white, 6 x 7 in. Located
|
|
at: Prints and Photographs Collection, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda,
|
|
MD; Order No. B012357.</p><p>Berry T, engraver. John Gerarde: master in chirurgerie [print]. <span class="bk_hlight">[place, publisher, date unknown].</span> 1
|
|
print: black & white, 6 x 8 in. Located at: Prints and Photographs
|
|
Collection, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD; Order No. B012807.</p></div><div id="A48750"><h3>30. Print or photograph with physical description</h3><p>Kyllingstad H. Indian hospital [photograph]. [place unknown: publisher unknown];
|
|
1951. <span class="bk_hlight">1 photograph: black & white, 7
|
|
x 9 in.</span></p><p>[Men in uniform] [print]. New York: G.W. Averell; 1875. <span class="bk_hlight">1 print: sepia, 10 x 12 in.</span></p><p>Vedin A, Maliutina O. Prichina-alkogol' [poster]. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Plakat;
|
|
c1990. <span class="bk_hlight">1 poster: color, 66 x 48
|
|
cm.</span> Russian.</p></div><div id="A48751"><h3>31. Print or photograph with a series</h3><p>Thom RA. Pharmacy in Ancient China (about 2000 B.C.) [print]. [place unknown]:
|
|
Parke Davis & Company; 1951. 1 print: color, 8 1/2 x 11 in. <span class="bk_hlight">(A history of pharmacy in pictures;
|
|
3).</span></p></div><div id="A48752"><h3>32. Print or photograph with the name of library or other archive
|
|
included</h3><p>Johan Freyer [print]. [place, publisher, date unknown]. 1 print: black &
|
|
white. <span class="bk_hlight">Located at: Prints and
|
|
Photographs Collection, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD; Order
|
|
No. B012357.</span></p></div><div id="A48753"><h3>33. Print or photograph with supplemental note included</h3><p>Riley J, artist. [John Freke] [print]. [place unknown: publisher unknown]; 1718.
|
|
1 print: black & white, 6 x 9 in. <span class="bk_hlight">From a sculpture by Vertue.</span></p><p>Thom RA. Pharmacy in Ancient China (about 2000 B.C.) [print]. [place unknown]:
|
|
Parke Davis & Company; 1951. 1 print: color, 8 1/2 x 11 in. (A history of
|
|
pharmacy in pictures; 3). <span class="bk_hlight">Shows Shen
|
|
Nung, a Chinese emperor, examining herbs.</span></p><p>Kyllingstad H. Indian hospital [photograph]. [place unknown: publisher unknown];
|
|
1951. 1 photograph: black & white, 7 x 9 in. <span class="bk_hlight">Taken at the Santa Fe Indian Hospital, New
|
|
Mexico.</span></p><p>Baron DA, photographer. Would you be more careful if it was you that got
|
|
pregnant? [poster]. California: Pharmacists Planning Service, Inc.; c1986. 1
|
|
poster: halftone, 11 x 17 in. <span class="bk_hlight">Sponsored
|
|
by Clinica de la Raza, Oakland, California.</span></p><p>Spellman DD. [Hugo A. Freund] [photograph]. Detroit: [publisher unknown]; 1948
|
|
Feb. 1 photograph: black & white, 8 x 11 in. <span class="bk_hlight">Autographed; letter attached.</span></p><p>[The hand Jenner used as a source for his vaccine] [print]. Milan (Italy): Lier;
|
|
1923. 1 print: black & white. <span class="bk_hlight">Facsimile of 1798 drawing by Jenner.</span></p></div></div><div id="A63411"><h2 id="_A63411_">B. Sample Citation and Introduction to Citing Collections of Prints and
|
|
Photographs</h2><p>The general format for a reference to a collection of prints and photographs,
|
|
including punctuation:</p><div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK7258/bin/ch17e3.jpg" alt="Illustration of the general format for a reference to a collection of prints and photographs." /></div><p>
|
|
<a href="#A63412">Examples of Citations to Collections of Prints and
|
|
Photographs</a>
|
|
</p><p>Prints and photographs may be cited as individual items or as collections. In the
|
|
rules section below, information on citing collections is placed after the rules for
|
|
citing an individual print or photograph.</p><p>Titles for collections are unusual in that they are assigned by the library or other
|
|
archive housing the collection. Although collection titles are constructed, they are
|
|
not placed within square brackets as are constructed titles for an individual print
|
|
or photograph. Other areas of difference include:</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48396" class="half_rhythm"><div>Range of dates for the collection is provided instead of a single date of
|
|
publication.</div></li><li id="A48397" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place of publication and publisher information is absent.</div></li><li id="A48398" class="half_rhythm"><div>Name of the library or archive housing the collection is required in the
|
|
citation.</div></li></ul>
|
|
<p>Note that most example citations in this chapter are from the Prints and Photographs
|
|
Collection of the National Library of Medicine. Since the Collection is housed
|
|
organizationally within the Library's History of Medicine Division, many items are
|
|
historical in nature. However, the rules provided are applicable to contemporary
|
|
material.</p><p>Continue to <a href="#A48608">Citation Rules with Examples for
|
|
Collections of Prints and Photographs</a></p><p>Continue to <a href="#A63412">Examples of Citations to Collections of
|
|
Prints and Photographs</a></p></div><div id="A48608"><h2 id="_A48608_">Citation Rules with Examples for Collections of Prints and Photographs</h2><p>Components/elements are listed in the order they should appear in a reference. An R
|
|
after the component name means that it is required in the citation; an O after the
|
|
name means it is optional.</p><p><a href="#A48609">Author (artist or photographer) (R)</a> | <a href="#A48629">Author Affiliation (O)</a> | <a href="#A48644">Title (R)</a> | <a href="#A48655">Type of Medium
|
|
(R)</a> | <a href="#A48664">Secondary Author (O)</a> |
|
|
<a href="#A48673">Date of Publication (R)</a> | <a href="#A48682">Physical Description (O)</a> | <a href="#A48690">Library or Other Archive Where Located (R)</a> |
|
|
<a href="#A48702">Language (R)</a> | <a href="#A48711">Notes (O)</a></p><div id="A48609"><h3>Author (artist or photographer) for Collections (required)</h3><div id="A48610"><h4>General Rules for Author (artist or photographer)</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48611" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter the author's surname (family or last name) first</div></li><li id="A48612" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize surnames and enter spaces within surnames as they
|
|
appear on the document cited on the assumption that the author
|
|
approved the form used. For example: Van Der Horn
|
|
<i>or</i> van der Horn; De Wolf
|
|
<i>or</i> de Wolf <i>or</i> DeWolf.</div></li><li id="A48613" class="half_rhythm"><div>Convert given (first) names and middle names to initials for a
|
|
maximum of two initials following each surname</div></li><li id="A48614" class="half_rhythm"><div>End author information with a period unless the author role is
|
|
included (see <a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49298/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49298">Author
|
|
role included</a> below)</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49298"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49298/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 45" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49298"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49298"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49298/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49298">Box 45</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Author role included. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48615"><h4>Specific Rules for Author (artist or photographer)</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48616" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49180/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49180">Surnames with hyphens
|
|
and other punctuation in them</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48617" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49190/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49190">Other surname
|
|
rules</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48618" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49212/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49212">Given names containing
|
|
punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or particle</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48619" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49226/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49226">Degrees, titles, and
|
|
honors before or after a personal name</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48620" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49235/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49235">Designations of rank in
|
|
a family, such as Jr and III</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48621" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49242/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49242">Names in non-roman
|
|
alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean) or
|
|
character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese)</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48622" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49260/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49260">Organization as
|
|
author</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48623" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49298/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49298">Author role
|
|
included</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48624" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49308/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49308">Compiler instead of an
|
|
author</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48625" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49316/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49316">No author can be
|
|
found</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48626" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49318/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49318">Options for author
|
|
names</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49180"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49180/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 38" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49180"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49180"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49180/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49180">Box 38</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49190"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49190/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 39" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49190"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49190"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49190/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49190">Box 39</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Other surname rules. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49212"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49212/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 40" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49212"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49212"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49212/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49212">Box 40</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or
|
|
particle. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49226"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49226/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 41" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49226"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49226"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49226/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49226">Box 41</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49235"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49235/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 42" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49235"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49235"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49235/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49235">Box 42</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49242"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49242/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 43" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49242"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49242"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49242/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49242">Box 43</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean) or
|
|
character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese). </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49260"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49260/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 44" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49260"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49260"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49260/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49260">Box 44</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Organization as author. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49308"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49308/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 46" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49308"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49308"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49308/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49308">Box 46</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Compiler instead of an author. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49316"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49316/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 47" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49316"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49316"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49316/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49316">Box 47</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">No author can be found. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49318"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49318/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 48" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49318"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49318"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49318/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49318">Box 48</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Options for author names. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48627"><h4>Examples for Author (artist or photographer)</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48628" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A63413">Print and photograph
|
|
collections</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48629"><h3>Author Affiliation for Collections (optional)</h3><div id="A48630"><h4>General Rules for Author Affiliation</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48631" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter the affiliation of all authors or only the first author</div></li><li id="A48632" class="half_rhythm"><div>Begin with the department and name of the institution, followed
|
|
by city and state/Canadian province/country</div></li><li id="A48633" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use commas to separate parts of the address</div></li><li id="A48634" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place the address in parentheses, such as (Department of
|
|
Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA)</div></li><li id="A48635" class="half_rhythm"><div>Separate the affiliation from its author by a space</div></li><li id="A48636" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the affiliation with a comma placed outside the
|
|
parentheses, unless the affiliation is for the last author, then
|
|
use a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48637"><h4>Specific Rules for Author Affiliation</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48638" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49322/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49322">Abbreviations in
|
|
affiliations</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48639" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49337/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49337">E-mail address
|
|
included</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48640" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49343/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49343">Organizational names
|
|
for affiliations not in English</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48641" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49368/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49368">Names for cities and
|
|
countries not in English</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49322"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49322/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 49" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49322"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49322"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49322/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49322">Box 49</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Abbreviations in affiliations. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49337"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49337/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 50" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49337"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49337"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49337/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49337">Box 50</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">E-mail address included. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49343"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49343/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 51" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49343"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49343"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49343/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49343">Box 51</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Organizational names for affiliations not in English. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49368"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49368/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 52" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49368"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49368"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49368/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49368">Box 52</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Names for cities and countries not in English. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48642"><h4>Examples for Author Affiliation</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48643" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A63413">Print and photograph
|
|
collections</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48644"><h3>Title for Collections (required)</h3><div id="A48645"><h4>General Rules for Title</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48646" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter the title of the collection as assigned by the holder of
|
|
the collection</div></li><li id="A48647" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize only the first word of a title, proper nouns, proper
|
|
adjectives, acronyms, and initialisms</div></li><li id="A48648" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use a colon followed by a space to separate a title from a
|
|
subtitle, unless another form of punctuation such as a question
|
|
mark, period, or an exclamation point is already present</div></li><li id="A48649" class="half_rhythm"><div>End a title with a space</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48650"><h4>Specific Rules for Title</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48651" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49374/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49374">Titles not in
|
|
English</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48652" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49393/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49393">Titles containing a
|
|
Greek letter, chemical formula, or another special
|
|
character</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49374"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49374/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 53" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49374"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49374"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49374/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49374">Box 53</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Titles not in English. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49393"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49393/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 54" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49393"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49393"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49393/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49393">Box 54</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Titles containing a Greek letter, chemical formula, or another
|
|
special character. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48653"><h4>Examples for Title</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48654" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A63413">Print and photograph
|
|
collections</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48655"><h3>Type of Medium for Collections (required)</h3><div id="A48656"><h4>General Rules for Type of Medium</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48657" class="half_rhythm"><div>Indicate the specific type of medium (prints, photographs,
|
|
posters, etc.) of the items in the collection following the
|
|
title</div></li><li id="A48658" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place the name of the medium in square brackets and end with a
|
|
period, such as "[photographs]."</div></li><li id="A48659" class="half_rhythm"><div>Add information about the medium according to the instructions
|
|
under <a href="#A48682">Physical Description for
|
|
Collections</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48660"><h4>Specific Rules for Type of Medium</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48661" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49404/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49404">More than one type of
|
|
medium</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49404"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49404/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 55" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49404"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49404"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49404/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49404">Box 55</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">More than one type of medium. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48662"><h4>Examples for Type of Medium</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48663" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A63413">Print and photograph
|
|
collections</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48664"><h3>Secondary Author for Collections (optional)</h3><div id="A48665"><h4>General Rules for Secondary Author</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48666" class="half_rhythm"><div>A secondary author modifies the work of the author, such as the
|
|
compiler of a collection</div></li><li id="A48667" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place the names of secondary authors after the title, following
|
|
the type of medium</div></li><li id="A48668" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use the same rules for the format of names presented in <a href="#A48609">Author (artist or photographer)
|
|
for Collections</a> above</div></li><li id="A48669" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the last named compiler with a comma and the word compiler
|
|
or compilers</div></li><li id="A48670" class="half_rhythm"><div>End secondary author information with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48671"><h4>Specific Rules for Secondary Author</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48672" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49408/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49408">Non-English names for
|
|
secondary authors</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49408"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49408/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 56" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49408"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49408"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49408/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49408">Box 56</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Non-English names for secondary authors. </p></div></div></div></div><div id="A48673"><h3>Date of Publication for Collections (required)</h3><div id="A48674"><h4>General Rules for Date</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48675" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give the date range of the items in the collection</div></li><li id="A48676" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter the earliest date of publication, a hyphen, and the latest
|
|
date of publication. For example: 2000-2005.</div></li><li id="A48677" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the last year with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48678"><h4>Specific Rules for Date</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48679" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49425/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49425">Date estimated</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49425"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49425/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 57" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49425"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49425"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49425/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49425">Box 57</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Date estimated. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48680"><h4>Examples for Date</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48681" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A63413">Print and photograph
|
|
collections</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48682"><h3>Physical Description for Collections (optional)</h3><div id="A48683"><h4>General Rules for Physical Description</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48684" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give information on the total number and physical characteristics
|
|
of the prints, photographs, etc., in the collection, such as 16
|
|
photographs: black & white, 8 x 10 in. or smaller.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48685"><h4>Specific Rules for Physical Description</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48686" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49432/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49432">Language for describing
|
|
physical characteristics</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48687" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49444/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49444">More than one type of
|
|
medium</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49432"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49432/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 58" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49432"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49432"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49432/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49432">Box 58</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Language for describing physical characteristics. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49444"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49444/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 59" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49444"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49444"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49444/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49444">Box 59</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">More than one type of medium. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48688"><h4>Examples for Physical Description</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48689" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A63413">Print and photograph
|
|
collections</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48690"><h3>Library or Other Archive Where Located for Collections (required)</h3><div id="A48691"><h4>General Rules for Library or Other Archive</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48692" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter the phrase "Located at" followed by a colon and a space</div></li><li id="A48693" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give the name of the library or archive, preceded by any
|
|
subsidiary division, and followed by a comma and a space. For
|
|
example: Prints and Photographs Collection, National Library of
|
|
Medicine.</div></li><li id="A48694" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow with the name of the city, a comma, and the two-letter
|
|
abbreviation for the US state or Canadian province; add the
|
|
country if not the US or Canada, either written out or as the
|
|
two-letter ISO country code (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/?report=reader">Appendix D</a>)</div></li><li id="A48695" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enter a semicolon and any identifying number for the
|
|
collection</div></li><li id="A48696" class="half_rhythm"><div>End library information with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48697"><h4>Specific Rules for Library or Other Archive</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48698" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49452/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49452">Non-English names for
|
|
libraries and archives</a>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48699" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49477/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49477">Locations outside of
|
|
the US</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49452"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49452/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 61" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49452"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49452"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49452/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49452">Box 61</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Non-English names for libraries and archives. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49477"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49477/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 62" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49477"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49477"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49477/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49477">Box 62</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Locations outside of the US. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48700"><h4>Examples for Library or Other Archive</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48701" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A63413">Print and photograph
|
|
collections</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48702"><h3>Language for Collections (required)</h3><div id="A48703"><h4>General Rules for Language</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48704" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give the language of the collection, if not English</div></li><li id="A48705" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize the language name</div></li><li id="A48706" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the language name with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48707"><h4>Specific Rules for Language</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48708" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49448/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49448">Collections with items
|
|
appearing in more than one language</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49448"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49448/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 60" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49448"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49448"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49448/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49448">Box 60</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Collections with items appearing in more than one language. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48709"><h4>Examples for Language</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48710" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A63413">Print and photograph
|
|
collections</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div><div id="A48711"><h3>Notes for Collections (optional)</h3><div id="A48712"><h4>General Rules for Notes</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48713" class="half_rhythm"><div>Notes is a collective term for any useful information given after
|
|
the citation itself</div></li><li id="A48714" class="half_rhythm"><div>Complete sentences are not required</div></li><li id="A48715" class="half_rhythm"><div>Be brief</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div id="A48716"><h4>Specific Rules for Notes</h4>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48717" class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49489/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49489">Types of material to
|
|
include in notes</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col boxed-text" id="figA49489"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49489/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Box 63" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobA49489"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/box-icon.gif" alt="Box Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49489"><a href="/books/NBK7258/box/A49489/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49489">Box 63</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Types of material to include in notes. </p></div></div></div><div id="A48718"><h4>Examples for Notes</h4>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48719" class="half_rhythm"><div>1. <a href="#A63413">Print and photograph
|
|
collections</a></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></div></div><div id="A63412"><h2 id="_A63412_">Examples of Citations to Collections of Prints and Photographs</h2><div id="A63413"><h3>1. Print and photograph collections</h3><p>Tabor M. Martha Tabor collection [photographs]. 1985-2006. 155 photographs: black
|
|
& white. Located at: Prints and Photographs Collection, National Library of
|
|
Medicine, Bethesda, MD. Photographs depict contemporary health care
|
|
professionals at work.</p><p>Spanish Civil War poster collection [posters]. 1936-1939. 123 posters: color, 213
|
|
x 161 cm. or smaller. Located at: Prints and Photographs Division, Library of
|
|
Congress, Washington, DC; Card No. 2001697400. Spanish, English, Esperanto,
|
|
French. Many artists are represented. Among the more notable or frequently
|
|
represented artists are: Jose Bardasano, Carles Fontsere, Aleix Hinsberger, and
|
|
Ramon Puyol.</p><p>Patent medicine labels and advertisements [prints]. 1830-1985. 420 prints: black
|
|
& white and color, 13 x 17 in. or smaller. Located at: Prints &
|
|
Photographs Division, Library of Congress, Washington, DC; LOT 10632. Collection
|
|
contains engravings, etchings, lithographs.</p><p>Visual materials from the Blackwell family papers [slides + prints].
|
|
1840-circa 1935. 171 items: 28 x 23 cm. or smaller. Located at: Prints &
|
|
Photographs Division, Library of Congress, Washington, DC; LOT 13267. Collection
|
|
contains chiefly lantern slides and photographic prints.</p><p>Kase G, compiler (Board of Park Commissioners, Cincinnati, OH). Mt. Airy Forest
|
|
collection [prints + slides]. 1928-1954. 549 prints: black & white, 9 x
|
|
15 cm.; 64 slides: color, 2 x 2 in. Located at: Cincinnati Historical Society
|
|
Library, Cincinnati, OH.</p></div></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><h2 id="_NBK7258_pubdet_">Publication Details</h2><h3>Publication History</h3><p class="small">Created: <span itemprop="datePublished">October 10, 2007</span>; Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">August 11, 2015</span>.</p><h3>Copyright</h3><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div></div><h3>Publisher</h3><p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Library of Medicine (US)</a>, Bethesda (MD)</p><h3>NLM Citation</h3><p>Patrias K, author; Wendling D, editor. Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2007-. Chapter 17, Prints and Photographs. 2007 Oct 10 [Updated 2015 Aug 11].<span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></p></div><div class="small-screen-prev"><a href="/books/n/citmed/A47102/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="small-screen-next"><a href="/books/n/citmed/part4.bxml/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48874"><div id="A48874" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 8</span><span class="title">Author role included</span></h3>
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<ul><li id="A48875" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Supply the role played by the author, such as artist,
|
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engraver, or photographer, following the author name, if
|
|
desired. Note that a printer is not considered an
|
|
author.</div></li><li id="A48876" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Separate the name from the role by a comma and a space</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Examples:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48877" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ridley W, engraver. Harvey [print]. London:
|
|
[publisher unknown]; 1796. 1 print: black &
|
|
white.</div></li><li id="A48878" class="half_rhythm"><div>Vedin A, Maliutina O, artists. Prichina-alkogol
|
|
[poster]. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Plakat; c1990. 1
|
|
poster: color, 66 x 48 cm. Russian.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48879" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">If there are multiple authors with differing roles, separate
|
|
each author name and role with a semicolon and a space<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48880" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sokolov IS,
|
|
author; Ivanov KK, artist. Stydno, diadia!
|
|
[For shame, uncle!] [poster]. Moscow:
|
|
Ministerstvo Zdravookhraneniia SSSR, Institut
|
|
Sanitarnogo Prosveshcheniia; 1964. 1 poster:
|
|
color, 56 x 43 cm.
|
|
Russian.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48881" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Translate the word found for author, artist, engraver,
|
|
photographer, or other role into English, if possible.
|
|
However, the wording found on the publication may always be
|
|
used.</div></li><li id="A48882" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">To assist in identifying author roles in other languages,
|
|
below is a brief list of non-English words for
|
|
them:<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figA48883"><a href="/books/NBK7258/table/A48883/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figA48883" rid-ob="figobA48883"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK7258/table/A48883/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK7258/table/A48883/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A48883"><a href="/books/NBK7258/table/A48883/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA48883">Table</a></h4></div></div></div></li></ul>
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</div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobA48883"><div id="A48883" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK7258/table/A48883/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__A48883_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Language</th><th id="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for
|
|
Author</th><th id="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for Artist</th><th id="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for
|
|
Photographer</th><th id="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for
|
|
Engraver</th><th id="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for
|
|
Illustrator</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">French</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">auteur</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">artiste</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">photographe</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">graveur</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">illustrateur</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">graphiste</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">photograveur</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">German</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Verfasser</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Artist</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Fotograf</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Graveur</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrator</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kunstler</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kupferstecher</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Grafiker</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ziseleur</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Italian</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">autore</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">artista</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fotografa</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">incisore</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">disegnatore</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">graphico</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fotografo</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">intagliatore</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fotoincisore</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Latin</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">auctor</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">pinx</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fecit</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">conditor</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">scriptor</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Spanish</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">autor</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">artista</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fotografo</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">grabador</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ilustrador</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">pintor</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fotografa</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">pintora</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Russian</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">avtor</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">khudozhnik</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fotograf</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">graver</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">konstruktor</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">sostavitel</td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A48883_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48756"><div id="A48756" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 1</span><span class="title">Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48757" class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep hyphens in surnames<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48758" class="half_rhythm"><div>Estelle
|
|
Palmer-Canton;   <i>becomes</i>   Palmer-Canton
|
|
E</div></li><li id="A48759" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ahmed
|
|
El-Assmy;   <i>becomes</i>   El-Assmy
|
|
A</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48760" class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep particles, such as O', D', and L'<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48761" class="half_rhythm"><div>Alan D.
|
|
O'Brien;   <i>becomes</i>   O'Brien
|
|
AD</div></li><li id="A48762" class="half_rhythm"><div>James
|
|
O.
|
|
L'Esperance;   <i>becomes</i>   L'Esperance
|
|
JO</div></li><li id="A48763" class="half_rhythm"><div>U.
|
|
S'adeh;   <i>becomes</i>   S'adeh
|
|
U</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48764" class="half_rhythm"><div>Omit all other punctuation in surnames<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48765" class="half_rhythm"><div>Charles A.
|
|
St.
|
|
James;   <i>becomes</i>   St
|
|
James CA</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48766"><div id="A48766" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 2</span><span class="title">Other surname rules</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48767" class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep prefixes in surnames<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48768" class="half_rhythm"><div>Lama Al
|
|
Bassit;   <i>becomes</i>   Al
|
|
Bassit L</div></li><li id="A48769" class="half_rhythm"><div>Jiddeke M. van de
|
|
Kamp;   <i>becomes</i>   van
|
|
de Kamp JM</div></li><li id="A48770" class="half_rhythm"><div>Gerard de
|
|
Pouvourville;   <i>becomes</i>   de
|
|
Pouvourville G</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48771" class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep compound surnames even if no hyphen appears<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48772" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sergio
|
|
Lopez
|
|
Moreno;   <i>becomes</i>   Lopez
|
|
Moreno S</div></li><li id="A48773" class="half_rhythm"><div>Jaime Mier y
|
|
Teran;   <i>becomes</i>   Mier
|
|
y Teran J</div></li><li id="A48774" class="half_rhythm"><div>Virginie Halley des
|
|
Fontaines;   <i>becomes</i>   Halley
|
|
des Fontaines V</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48775" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A48776" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48777" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A48778" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A48779" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A48780" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A48781" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A48782" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A48783" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A48784" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48785" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48786" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A48787" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48788"><div id="A48788" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 3</span><span class="title">Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or
|
|
particle</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48789" class="half_rhythm"><div>Disregard hyphens joining given (first or middle) names<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48790" class="half_rhythm"><div>Jean-Louis
|
|
Lagrot;   <i>becomes</i>   Lagrot
|
|
JL</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48791" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use only the first letter of given names and middle names if
|
|
they contain a prefix, a preposition, or another
|
|
particle<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48792" class="half_rhythm"><div>D'Arcy
|
|
Hart;   <i>becomes</i>   Hart
|
|
D</div></li><li id="A48793" class="half_rhythm"><div>W. St.
|
|
John
|
|
Patterson;   <i>becomes</i>   Patterson
|
|
WS</div></li><li id="A48794" class="half_rhythm"><div>De la
|
|
Broquerie
|
|
Fortier;   <i>becomes</i>   Fortier
|
|
D</div></li><li id="A48795" class="half_rhythm"><div>Craig
|
|
McC.
|
|
Brooks;   <i>becomes</i>   Brooks
|
|
CM</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48796" class="half_rhythm"><div>Disregard traditional abbreviations of given names. Some
|
|
non-US publications use abbreviations of conventional given
|
|
names rather than single initials, such as St. for Stefan.
|
|
Use only the first letter of the abbreviation.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48797" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ch.
|
|
Wunderly;   <i>becomes</i>   Wunderly
|
|
C</div></li><li id="A48798" class="half_rhythm"><div>C. Fr.
|
|
Erdman;   <i>becomes</i>   Erdman
|
|
CF</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48799" class="half_rhythm"><div>For non-English names that have been romanized (written in
|
|
the roman alphabet), capitalize only the first letter if the
|
|
original initial is represented by more than one letter<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48800" class="half_rhythm"><div>Iu. A.
|
|
Iakontov;   <i>becomes</i>   Iakontov
|
|
IuA</div></li><li id="A48801" class="half_rhythm"><div>G.
|
|
Th.
|
|
Tsakalos;   <i>becomes</i>   Tsakalos
|
|
GTh</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48802"><div id="A48802" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 4</span><span class="title">Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48803" class="half_rhythm"><div>Omit degrees, titles, and honors such as M.D. following a
|
|
personal name<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48804" class="half_rhythm"><div>James A. Reed, M.D.,
|
|
F.R.C.S.;   <i>becomes</i>   Reed
|
|
JA</div></li><li id="A48805" class="half_rhythm"><div>Kristine Schmidt,
|
|
Ph.D.;   <i>becomes</i>   Schmidt
|
|
K</div></li><li id="A48806" class="half_rhythm"><div>Robert
|
|
V. Lang, Major, US
|
|
Army;   <i>becomes</i>   Lang
|
|
RV</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48807" class="half_rhythm"><div>Omit rank and honors such as Colonel or Sir that precede a
|
|
name<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48808" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sir Frances
|
|
Hildebrand;   <i>becomes</i>   Hildebrand
|
|
F</div></li><li id="A48809" class="half_rhythm"><div>Dr.
|
|
Jane
|
|
Eberhard;   <i>becomes</i>   Eberhard
|
|
J</div></li><li id="A48810" class="half_rhythm"><div>Captain
|
|
R.C.
|
|
Williams;   <i>becomes</i>   Williams
|
|
RC</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48811"><div id="A48811" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 5</span><span class="title">Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48812" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place family designations of rank after the initials, without
|
|
punctuation</div></li><li id="A48813" class="half_rhythm"><div>Convert roman numerals to arabic ordinals</div><div>
|
|
<i>Examples:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48814" class="half_rhythm"><div>Vincent T. DeVita,
|
|
Jr.;   <i>becomes</i>   DeVita
|
|
VT Jr</div></li><li id="A48815" class="half_rhythm"><div>James G. Jones
|
|
II;   <i>becomes</i>   Jones
|
|
JG 2nd</div></li><li id="A48816" class="half_rhythm"><div>John A. Adams
|
|
III;   <i>becomes</i>   Adams
|
|
JA 3rd</div></li><li id="A48817" class="half_rhythm"><div>Henry B. Cooper
|
|
IV;   <i>becomes</i>   Cooper
|
|
HB 4th</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48818"><div id="A48818" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 6</span><span class="title">Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean) or
|
|
character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese)</span></h3><p>Romanization, a form of transliteration, means using the roman (Latin)
|
|
alphabet to represent the letters or characters of another alphabet. A
|
|
good authority for romanization is the <i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC
|
|
Romanization Tables</a></i>.</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48819" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize names if they are in Cyrillic (Russian, Bulgarian,
|
|
etc.), Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or Korean, or character-based languages,
|
|
such as Chinese and Japanese</div></li><li id="A48820" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize only the first letter of romanized names if the
|
|
original initial is represented by more than one letter<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48821" class="half_rhythm"><div>Iu. A.
|
|
Iakontov;   <i>becomes</i>   Iakontov
|
|
IuA</div></li><li id="A48822" class="half_rhythm"><div>G.
|
|
Th.
|
|
Tsakalos;   <i>becomes</i>   Tsakalos
|
|
GTh</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48823" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A48824" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48825" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A48826" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A48827" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A48828" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A48829" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A48830" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A48831" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A48832" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48833" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48834" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A48835" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48836"><div id="A48836" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 7</span><span class="title">Organization as author</span></h3><p>An organization such as a university, society, association, corporation,
|
|
or governmental body may serve as an author.</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48837" class="half_rhythm"><div>Omit "The" preceding an organizational name<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48838" class="half_rhythm"><div>The
|
|
American Cancer
|
|
Society;   <i>becomes</i>   American
|
|
Cancer Society</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48839" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a division or another part of an organization is included
|
|
in the publication, give the parts of the name in descending
|
|
hierarchical order, separated by commas<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48840" class="half_rhythm"><div>American
|
|
Medical Association, Committee on
|
|
Ethics.</div></li><li id="A48841" class="half_rhythm"><div>International Union of Pure and Applied
|
|
Chemistry, Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry
|
|
Division.</div></li><li id="A48842" class="half_rhythm"><div>American College of Surgeons, Committee on
|
|
Trauma, Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Outcomes, Working
|
|
Group.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48843" class="half_rhythm"><div>When citing organizations that are national bodies such as
|
|
government agencies, if a nationality is not part of the
|
|
name, place the country in parentheses after the name, using
|
|
the two-letter ISO country code (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/?report=reader">Appendix D</a>)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48844" class="half_rhythm"><div>National Academy of
|
|
Sciences (US).</div></li><li id="A48845" class="half_rhythm"><div>Royal Marsden Hospital Bone-Marrow
|
|
Transplantation Team
|
|
(GB).</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48846" class="half_rhythm"><div>Separate two or more different organizations by a
|
|
semicolon<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48847" class="half_rhythm"><div>Canadian Association of Orthodontists;
|
|
Canadian Dental
|
|
Association.</div></li><li id="A48848" class="half_rhythm"><div>American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on
|
|
Pediatric Emergency Medicine; American College of
|
|
Emergency Physicians, Pediatric
|
|
Committee.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48849" class="half_rhythm"><div>If both individuals and an organization or organizations
|
|
appear as authors, use the names of the individuals as the
|
|
author and give the organization at the end of the reference
|
|
as a note</div></li><li id="A48850" class="half_rhythm"><div>For names of organizations in languages other than
|
|
English:<ul><li id="A48851" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give names in languages using the roman
|
|
alphabet (primarily European languages, such as
|
|
French, Italian, Spanish, German, Swedish, etc.)
|
|
as they appear on the publication. Whenever
|
|
possible follow a non-English name with a
|
|
translation. Place all translations in square
|
|
brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48852" class="half_rhythm"><div>Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica del
|
|
CNR.</div></li><li id="A48853" class="half_rhythm"><div>Universitatsmedizin
|
|
Berlin.</div></li><li id="A48854" class="half_rhythm"><div>Nordisk Anaestesiologisk Forening
|
|
[Scandinavian Society of
|
|
Anaesthesiologists].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48855" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize (write in the roman
|
|
alphabet) or translate names of organizations in
|
|
Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or Korean. A good
|
|
authority for romanization is the
|
|
<i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC Romanization Tables</a></i>.
|
|
Whenever possible follow a non-English name with a
|
|
translation. Place all translations in square
|
|
brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48856" class="half_rhythm"><div>Rossiiskoe Respiratornoe
|
|
Obshchestvo [Russian Respiratory
|
|
Society].</div></li><li id="A48857" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>or</i></div></li><li id="A48858" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Russian Respiratory
|
|
Society].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48859" class="half_rhythm"><div>Translate names of organizations in
|
|
character-based languages such as Chinese and
|
|
Japanese. Place all translations in
|
|
square brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48860" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Chinese Medical
|
|
Society].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48861" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and
|
|
special characters in names. This rule ignores
|
|
some conventions used in non-English languages to
|
|
simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A48862" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with
|
|
diacritics or accents as if they are not
|
|
marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48863" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A48864" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A48865" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A48866" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A48867" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A48868" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A48869" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A48870" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48871" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed
|
|
as a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48872" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A48873" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48884"><div id="A48884" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 9</span><span class="title">No author can be found</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48885" class="half_rhythm"><div>If no person or organization can be identified as the author,
|
|
begin the reference with the title of the print or
|
|
photograph. Do not use anonymous.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48886"><div id="A48886" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 10</span><span class="title">Options for author names</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48887" class="half_rhythm"><div>It is not NLM practice for citing authors of prints and
|
|
photographs, but the full names of authors may be given.
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48888" class="half_rhythm"><div>Takagi, Yasushi.</div></li><li id="A48889" class="half_rhythm"><div>Mann, Frederick
|
|
D.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48890"><div id="A48890" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 11</span><span class="title">Abbreviations in affiliations</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48891" class="half_rhythm"><div>Abbreviate commonly used words in affiliations, if desired.
|
|
Follow all abbreviated words with a period. <ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48892" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>Examples:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48893" class="half_rhythm"><div>Acad. for Academy</div></li><li id="A48894" class="half_rhythm"><div>Assoc. for
|
|
Association</div></li><li id="A48895" class="half_rhythm"><div>Co. for Company</div></li><li id="A48896" class="half_rhythm"><div>Coll. for
|
|
College</div></li><li id="A48897" class="half_rhythm"><div>Corp. for
|
|
Corporation</div></li><li id="A48898" class="half_rhythm"><div>Dept. for Department</div></li><li id="A48899" class="half_rhythm"><div>Div. for
|
|
Division</div></li><li id="A48900" class="half_rhythm"><div>Inst. for Institute or
|
|
Institution</div></li><li id="A48901" class="half_rhythm"><div>Soc. for Society</div></li><li id="A48902" class="half_rhythm"><div>Univ. for
|
|
University</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48903" class="half_rhythm"><div>See <a href="/books/n/citmed/appc/?report=reader">Appendix C</a> for
|
|
more abbreviations of commonly used English
|
|
words.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A48904" class="half_rhythm"><div>Abbreviate names of US states and Canadian provinces using
|
|
their official two-letter abbreviations. See <a href="/books/n/citmed/appe/?report=reader">Appendix E</a> for a list
|
|
of these.</div></li><li id="A48905" class="half_rhythm"><div>Abbreviate names of countries outside of the US and Canada
|
|
using the two-letter ISO country code, if desired. See <a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/?report=reader">Appendix D</a> for codes of
|
|
selected countries.</div></li><li id="A48906" class="half_rhythm"><div>Be consistent. If you abbreviate a word in one reference in a
|
|
list of references, abbreviate the same word in all
|
|
references.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48907"><div id="A48907" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 12</span><span class="title">E-mail address included</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48908" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the US state, Canadian province, or country of the
|
|
author with a period and a space</div></li><li id="A48909" class="half_rhythm"><div>Insert the e-mail address as it appears in the
|
|
publication</div></li><li id="A48910" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place the e-mail address within the closing parenthesis for
|
|
the author affiliation</div></li><li id="A48911" class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not end an e-mail address with a period</div><div>
|
|
<i>Example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48912" class="half_rhythm"><div>Patrias K (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda
|
|
MD. patrias@nlm.nih.gov).</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48913"><div id="A48913" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 13</span><span class="title">Organizational names for affiliations not in English</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48914" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give the affiliation of all authors or only the first
|
|
author</div></li><li id="A48915" class="half_rhythm"><div>Begin with the department and name of the organization,
|
|
followed by the city, the two-letter abbreviation for the US
|
|
state or Canadian province (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appe/?report=reader">Appendix E</a>), and the country name or
|
|
ISO country code (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/?report=reader">Appendix D</a>) if non-US. Place the affiliation in
|
|
parentheses.</div></li><li id="A48916" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide the name in the original language for non-English
|
|
organization names found in the roman alphabet (primarily
|
|
European languages, such as French, German, Spanish,
|
|
Italian, Swedish, etc.)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48917" class="half_rhythm"><div>Carpentier AF (Service de Neurologie,
|
|
Hopital de la Salpetriere, Paris,
|
|
France).</div></li><li id="A48918" class="half_rhythm"><div>Marubini E (Istituto di Statistica Medica e
|
|
Biometria, Universita degli Studi di Milano,
|
|
Milan, Italy).</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48919" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize (write in the roman alphabet) or translate
|
|
organizational names in Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or Korean.
|
|
A good authority for romanization is the <i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC Romanization
|
|
Tables</a></i>.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48920" class="half_rhythm"><div>Barbulescu M (Clinica
|
|
Chirurgicala, Spitalul Clinic Coltea, Bucarest,
|
|
Romania).</div></li><li id="A48921" class="half_rhythm"><div>Grudinina NA (Institute of Experimental
|
|
Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St.
|
|
Petersburg, Russia).</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48922" class="half_rhythm"><div>Translate organizational names in character-based languages
|
|
(Chinese, Japanese)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48923" class="half_rhythm"><div>Susaki K (First
|
|
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of
|
|
Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu,
|
|
Japan).</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48924" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A48925" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48926" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A48927" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A48928" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A48929" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A48930" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A48931" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A48932" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A48933" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48934" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48935" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A48936" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48937" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use the English form of names for cities and countries
|
|
whenever possible. For example, Vienna for Wien and Spain
|
|
for Espana. However, the name found on the publication may
|
|
always be used.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48938"><div id="A48938" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 14</span><span class="title">Names for cities and countries not in English</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48939" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use the English form for names of cities and countries
|
|
whenever possible. However, the name as found on the
|
|
publication may always be used.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48940" class="half_rhythm"><div>Moskva   <i>becomes</i>   Moscow</div></li><li id="A48941" class="half_rhythm"><div>Wien   <i>becomes</i>   Vienna</div></li><li id="A48942" class="half_rhythm"><div>Italia   <i>becomes</i>   Italy</div></li><li id="A48943" class="half_rhythm"><div>Espana   <i>becomes</i>   Spain</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48944"><div id="A48944" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 15</span><span class="title">Titles not in English</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48945" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide the title in the original language for non-English
|
|
titles found in the roman alphabet (primarily European
|
|
languages, such as French, German, Spanish, Italian,
|
|
Swedish, etc.)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48946" class="half_rhythm"><div>Le sida se transmet aussi de cette
|
|
facon [poster].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48947" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize (write in the roman alphabet) titles in Cyrillic,
|
|
Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or Korean. A good authority for romanization
|
|
is the <i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC Romanization
|
|
Tables</a></i>.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48948" class="half_rhythm"><div>Drug vodki--vrag
|
|
profsoiuza [poster].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48949" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize or translate titles in character-based languages
|
|
(Chinese, Japanese). Place translated titles in
|
|
square brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48950" class="half_rhythm"><div>Hashika yakubyoyoke
|
|
[print].</div></li><li id="A48951" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>or</i></div></li><li id="A48952" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Protector against measles]
|
|
[print].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48953" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in titles.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A48954" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48955" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A48956" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A48957" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A48958" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A48959" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A48960" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A48961" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A48962" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48963" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48964" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A48965" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48966" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize only the first word of the title, proper nouns,
|
|
proper adjectives, acronyms, and initialisms unless the
|
|
conventions of a particular language require other
|
|
capitalization<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48967" class="half_rhythm"><div>Methoden der perioperativen
|
|
Eigenbluttransfusion
|
|
[poster].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48968" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide an English translation after the original language
|
|
one if possible; place translations in square brackets<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48969" class="half_rhythm"><div>Trezvost',
|
|
zakon dorog [Sobriety, law of the road]
|
|
[poster].</div></li><li id="A48970" class="half_rhythm"><div>Hashika yakubyoyoke [Protector against
|
|
measles] [print].</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48971"><div id="A48971" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 16</span><span class="title">Titles in more than one language</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48972" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title is presented in two or more languages, give the
|
|
titles in the order they are found in the text, with an
|
|
equals sign between them. Indicate the languages, separated
|
|
by commas, after the date (and physical description, if
|
|
given).<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48973" class="half_rhythm"><div>Boillard J, artist; Booth T, sculptor.
|
|
Assemblee des vieux garcons = The assembly of old
|
|
batchelors [print]. London: Bowles & Carver;
|
|
[date unknown]. 1 print: color, 16 x 22 cm.
|
|
French, English.</div></li><li id="A48974" class="half_rhythm"><div>Girardet E. La consultation = Die
|
|
consultation [print]. Paris: Lemercier; [date
|
|
unknown]. 1 print: color, 28 x 24 cm. French,
|
|
German.</div></li><li id="A48975" class="half_rhythm"><div>Morris, artist. Tobacco or health: choose
|
|
health = Le tabac ou la sante: choisissez la sante
|
|
= Tabaco o salud: elija la salud [poster]. Geneva:
|
|
World Health Organization; 1988. 1 poster: color,
|
|
42 x 30 cm. English, French,
|
|
Spanish.</div></li><li id="A48976" class="half_rhythm"><div>Padey G, Auberson G. Parlons sante = Let's
|
|
talk health! = ¡Hablemos de la
|
|
salud! = Falemos da saude! [poster].
|
|
Geneva: World Health Organization; [date unknown].
|
|
1 poster: color, 42 x 60 cm. French, English,
|
|
Spanish, Portuguese.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48977"><div id="A48977" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 17</span><span class="title">Titles containing a Greek letter, chemical formula, or another
|
|
special character</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48978" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize the first word of a title unless the title begins
|
|
with a Greek letter, chemical formula, or another special
|
|
character that might lose its meaning if capitalized<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48979" class="half_rhythm"><div>1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin
|
|
[print].</div></li><li id="A48980" class="half_rhythm"><div>von Willebrand disease incidence
|
|
[print].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48981" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title contains a Greek letter or some other symbol that
|
|
cannot be reproduced with the type fonts available,
|
|
substitute the name for the symbol. For example, Ω
|
|
becomes omega.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48982" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enantioselective synthesis of
|
|
β-amino acids
|
|
[print].</div></li><li id="A48983" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>may
|
|
become</i></div></li><li id="A48984" class="half_rhythm"><div>Enantioselective synthesis of
|
|
beta-amino acids
|
|
[print].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48985" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title contains superscripts or subscripts that cannot be
|
|
reproduced with the type fonts available, place the
|
|
superscript or subscript in parentheses<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48986" class="half_rhythm"><div>TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles
|
|
[print].</div></li><li id="A48987" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>may
|
|
become</i></div></li><li id="A48988" class="half_rhythm"><div>TiO(2) nanoparticles
|
|
[print].</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48989"><div id="A48989" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 18</span><span class="title">Titles ending in punctuation other than a period</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48990" class="half_rhythm"><div>Most titles end in a period. Place [print], [photograph],
|
|
[poster], etc., inside the period.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48991" class="half_rhythm"><div>Day J. Dying before their
|
|
time: early death & AIDS [poster]. Farmington
|
|
(CT): University of Connecticut School of
|
|
Medicine, Section of Medical Arts & Letters;
|
|
1988. 1 poster: color, 21 x 14
|
|
in.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A48992" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title ends in another form of punctuation, keep that
|
|
punctuation and follow [print], [photograph], [poster],
|
|
etc., with a period<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A48993" class="half_rhythm"><div>AIDS is over, right? [poster]. New
|
|
York: Visual AIDS; 1998. 1 poster: color, 24 x 35
|
|
in.</div></li><li id="A48994" class="half_rhythm"><div>Gillray J. The cow pock-or-the wonderful
|
|
effects of the new inoculation! [print].
|
|
London: H. Humphrey; 1802 Jun 12. 1 print:
|
|
etching, color, 9 x 14
|
|
in.</div></li><li id="A48995" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sokolov
|
|
IS, author; Ivanov KK, artist. Stydno,
|
|
diadia! [For shame, uncle!] [poster].
|
|
Moscow: Ministerstvo Zdravookhraneniia SSSR,
|
|
Institut Sanitarnogo Prosveshcheniia; 1964. 1
|
|
poster: color, 56 x 43 cm.
|
|
Russian.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA48996"><div id="A48996" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 19</span><span class="title">No title can be found</span></h3><p>A print or a photograph often will have no title, either on the face of
|
|
the item or on its reverse.</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A48997" class="half_rhythm"><div>Construct a title that describes the image shown</div></li><li id="A48998" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use enough words to make the constructed title meaningful</div></li><li id="A48999" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place the constructed title in square brackets</div><div>
|
|
<i>Examples:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49000" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Interior view of the ear] [poster].</div></li><li id="A49001" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Floor plans for laboratory] [print].</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49002"><div id="A49002" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 20</span><span class="title">Titles ending in punctuation other than a period</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49003" class="half_rhythm"><div>Most titles end in a period. Place [print], [photograph],
|
|
[poster], etc., inside the period.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49004" class="half_rhythm"><div>Day J. Dying before their
|
|
time: early death & AIDS [poster]. Farmington
|
|
(CT): University of Connecticut School of
|
|
Medicine, Section of Medical Arts & Letters;
|
|
1988. 1 poster: color, 21 x 14
|
|
in.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49005" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title ends in another form of punctuation, keep that
|
|
punctuation and follow [print], [photograph], [poster],
|
|
etc., with a period<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49006" class="half_rhythm"><div>Gillray J. The cow pock-or-the
|
|
wonderful effects of the new inoculation!
|
|
[print]. London: H. Humphrey; 1802 Jun 12. 1
|
|
print: etching, color, 9 x 14
|
|
in.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49007" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a translation of a title is provided, place the specific
|
|
name for the type of medium in square brackets following the
|
|
translation<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49008" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sokolov IS, author; Ivanov KK,
|
|
artist. Stydno, diadia! [For shame,
|
|
uncle!] [poster]. Moscow: Ministerstvo
|
|
Zdravookhraneniia SSSR, Institut Sanitarnogo
|
|
Prosveshcheniia; 1964. 1 poster: color, 56 x 43
|
|
cm. Russian. Shows man smoking in front of a young
|
|
boy.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49009"><div id="A49009" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 21</span><span class="title">Titles not in English</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49010" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a translation of a title is provided, place the name for
|
|
the type of medium in square brackets following the
|
|
translation <ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49011" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sokolov IS, author; Ivanov KK, artist. Stydno,
|
|
diadia! [For shame, uncle!] [poster].
|
|
Moscow: Ministerstvo Zdravookhraneniia SSSR,
|
|
Institut Sanitarnogo Prosveshcheniia; 1964. 1
|
|
poster: color, 56 x 43 cm. Russian. Shows man
|
|
smoking in front of a young
|
|
boy.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49012"><div id="A49012" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 22</span><span class="title">Non-English words for editions</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49013" class="half_rhythm"><div>Translate all words used for edition into English</div></li><li id="A49014" class="half_rhythm"><div>To help identify words used in other languages, below is a
|
|
brief list of Non-English words for editions with their
|
|
abbreviations, if any (n.a. = not abbreviated):<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figA49015"><a href="/books/NBK7258/table/A49015/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figA49015" rid-ob="figobA49015"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK7258/table/A49015/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK7258/table/A49015/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49015"><a href="/books/NBK7258/table/A49015/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49015">Table</a></h4></div></div></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobA49015"><div id="A49015" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK7258/table/A49015/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__A49015_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Language</th><th id="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for
|
|
Edition</th><th id="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Abbreviation</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Danish</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">oplag</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">n.a.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">udgave</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dutch</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">uitgave</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">uitg.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">editie</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ed.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Finnish</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">julkaisu</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">julk.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">French</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">edition</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ed.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">German</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ausgabe</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ausg.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Auflage</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Aufl.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Greek</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ekdosis</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ekd.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Italian</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">edizione</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ed.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Norwegian</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">publikasjon</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">publ.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">utgave</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">utg.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Portuguese</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">edicao</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ed.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Russian</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">izdanie</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">izd.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">publikacija</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">publ.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Spanish</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">edicion</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ed.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">publicacion</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">publ.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Swedish</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">upplaga</td><td headers="hd_h_A49015_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">n.a.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49016"><div id="A49016" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 23</span><span class="title">Non-US cities</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49017" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use the anglicized form of a city name, such as Rome for Roma
|
|
and Moscow for Moskva. However, the name as found on the
|
|
publication may always be used.</div></li><li id="A49018" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A49019" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49020" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A49021" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A49022" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A49023" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A49024" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A49025" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A49026" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A49027" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49028" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49029" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A49030" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49031" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow Canadian cities with the two-letter abbreviation for
|
|
the name of the province (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appe/?report=reader">Appendix E</a>), placed in
|
|
parentheses:<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49032" class="half_rhythm"><div>Montreal
|
|
(QC):</div></li><li id="A49033" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ottawa (ON):</div></li><li id="A49034" class="half_rhythm"><div>Vancouver
|
|
(BC):</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49035" class="half_rhythm"><div>For cities in other countries, if the city is not well known
|
|
or could be confused with another city of the same name,
|
|
follow the city with the country name, either written in
|
|
full or as the two-letter ISO country code (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/?report=reader">Appendix D</a>). Place the
|
|
country name or code in parentheses.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49036" class="half_rhythm"><div>London:</div></li><li id="A49037" class="half_rhythm"><div>Rome:</div></li><li id="A49038" class="half_rhythm"><div>Paris:</div></li><li id="A49039" class="half_rhythm"><div>Madrid:</div></li><li id="A49040" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>but</i></div></li><li id="A49041" class="half_rhythm"><div>Malaga
|
|
(Spain):   <i>or</i>   Malaga
|
|
(ES):</div></li><li id="A49042" class="half_rhythm"><div>Basel
|
|
(Switzerland):   <i>or</i>   Basel
|
|
(CH):</div></li><li id="A49043" class="half_rhythm"><div>Oxford
|
|
(England):   <i>or</i>   Oxford
|
|
(GB):</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49044" class="half_rhythm"><div>As an option, use the country name or country code after all
|
|
cities not in the US or Canada</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49045"><div id="A49045" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 24</span><span class="title">No place of publication can be found</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49046" class="half_rhythm"><div>If no place of publication can be found on the print or
|
|
photograph, but one can be reasonably inferred (e.g.,
|
|
Chicago as the place for a publication of the American
|
|
Medical Association), place the city in square brackets,
|
|
such as [Chicago].<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49047" class="half_rhythm"><div>Kennedy RA. [Christian B. Anfinsen]
|
|
[photograph]. [Bethesda (MD)]: National Institutes
|
|
of Health (US), Photographic Research Section;
|
|
[1952?]. 1 print: black &
|
|
white.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49048" class="half_rhythm"><div>If no place of publication can be found or inferred, use
|
|
[place unknown]<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49049" class="half_rhythm"><div>Blossom D. Tufts University School of
|
|
Medicine [photograph]. [place unknown]: E.R.
|
|
Squibb & Sons; c1966. 1 photograph: color, 11
|
|
x 14 in.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49050"><div id="A49050" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 25</span><span class="title">Abbreviated words in publisher names</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49051" class="half_rhythm"><div>Abbreviate commonly used words in publisher names, if desired
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A63414" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>Examples:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49052" class="half_rhythm"><div>Acad. for Academy</div></li><li id="A49053" class="half_rhythm"><div>Assoc. for
|
|
Association</div></li><li id="A49054" class="half_rhythm"><div>Co. for Company</div></li><li id="A49055" class="half_rhythm"><div>Coll. for
|
|
College</div></li><li id="A49056" class="half_rhythm"><div>Corp. for
|
|
Corporation</div></li><li id="A49057" class="half_rhythm"><div>Dept. for Department</div></li><li id="A49058" class="half_rhythm"><div>Div. for
|
|
Division</div></li><li id="A49059" class="half_rhythm"><div>Inst. for Institute or
|
|
Institution</div></li><li id="A49060" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ltd. for Limited</div></li><li id="A49061" class="half_rhythm"><div>Soc. for
|
|
Society</div></li><li id="A49062" class="half_rhythm"><div>Univ. for University</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A63415" class="half_rhythm"><div>See <a href="/books/n/citmed/appc/?report=reader">Appendix C</a> for
|
|
more abbreviations of commonly used English
|
|
words</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A49063" class="half_rhythm"><div>Be consistent. If you abbreviate a word in one reference in a
|
|
list of references, abbreviate the same word in all
|
|
references.</div></li><li id="A49064" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow all abbreviated words with a period</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49065"><div id="A49065" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 26</span><span class="title">Non-English names for publishers</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49066" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give publisher names appearing in the roman alphabet (French,
|
|
Spanish, Italian, etc.) in their original language<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49067" class="half_rhythm"><div>Rome:
|
|
Societa Editrice
|
|
Universo;</div></li><li id="A49068" class="half_rhythm"><div>Lisbon: Imprensa
|
|
Medica;</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49069" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize names given in Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49070" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sofia
|
|
(Bulgaria): Sofia Medizina i
|
|
Fizkultura;</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49071" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize names or translate names presented in
|
|
character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese). Place
|
|
all translated publisher names in square brackets unless the
|
|
translation is given in the publication.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49072" class="half_rhythm"><div>Tokyo:
|
|
Medikaru Rebyusha;</div></li><li id="A49073" class="half_rhythm"><div>Beijing (China): [Chinese Academy of
|
|
Social Sciences, Population Research
|
|
Institute];</div></li><li id="A49074" class="half_rhythm"><div>Taiyuan (China): Shanxi ke xue ji she chu ban
|
|
she;</div></li></ul></div><div>[Note that the concept of capitalization does not exist in
|
|
Chinese. Therefore in transliterating Chinese publisher
|
|
names only the first word and proper nouns are
|
|
capitalized.]</div></li><li id="A49075" class="half_rhythm"><div>If the name of a division or another part of an organization
|
|
is included in the publisher information, give the names in
|
|
hierarchical order from highest to lowest.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49076" class="half_rhythm"><div>Valencia
|
|
(Spain): Universidade de Valencia, Instituto de
|
|
Historia de la Ciencia y Documentacion Lopez
|
|
Pinero;</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49077" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A49078" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49079" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A49080" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A49081" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A49082" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A49083" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A49084" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A49085" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A49086" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49087" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49088" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A49089" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49090" class="half_rhythm"><div>If desired, follow a non-English name with a translation.
|
|
Place all translated publisher names in square
|
|
brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49091" class="half_rhythm"><div>Aarhus (Denmark): Aarhus-Universitetsforlag
|
|
[Aarhus University
|
|
Press];</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49092" class="half_rhythm"><div>As an option, you may translate all publisher names not in
|
|
English. Place all translated publisher names in square
|
|
brackets unless the translation is given in the
|
|
publication.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49093" class="half_rhythm"><div>Aarhus (Denmark): [Aarhus University
|
|
Press];</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49094"><div id="A49094" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 27</span><span class="title">Government agencies and other national and international bodies as
|
|
publisher</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49095" class="half_rhythm"><div>When citing publishers that are national bodies such as
|
|
government agencies, if a nationality is not part of the
|
|
name, place the country in parentheses after the name, using
|
|
the two-letter ISO country code (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/?report=reader">Appendix D</a>)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49096" class="half_rhythm"><div>National Cancer Institute
|
|
(US)</div></li><li id="A49097" class="half_rhythm"><div>National Society on Alcoholism and Drug
|
|
Dependence (NZ)</div></li><li id="A49098" class="half_rhythm"><div>Royal Society of Medicine Press Ltd.
|
|
(GB)</div></li><li id="A49099" class="half_rhythm"><div>Royal College of Physicians (AU), Paediatrics
|
|
& Child Health
|
|
Division</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49100" class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not confuse the publisher with the distributor, which
|
|
disseminates documents for the publisher. For example, the
|
|
most common distributors of US government agency
|
|
publications are the US Government Printing Office (GPO) and
|
|
the National Technical Information Service (NTIS). Designate
|
|
the agency or other organization that issued the print or
|
|
photograph as the publisher and include distributor
|
|
information as a note, preceded by "Available from: ".<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49101" class="half_rhythm"><div>Tips to
|
|
protect children from environmental risks
|
|
[poster]. Washington: Environmental Protection
|
|
Agency (US); [2002?]. 1 poster: color, 5.75 x 9.75
|
|
in. Available from: US Government Printing Office;
|
|
EP 1.48:T 49/CHART.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49102"><div id="A49102" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 28</span><span class="title">No publisher can be found</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49103" class="half_rhythm"><div>If no publisher can be found, use [publisher unknown]<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49104" class="half_rhythm"><div>Spellman
|
|
DD. [Hugo A. Freund] [photograph]. Detroit:
|
|
[publisher unknown]; c1948. 1 photograph: black
|
|
& white.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49105"><div id="A49105" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 29</span><span class="title">Non-English names for months</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49106" class="half_rhythm"><div>Translate names of months into English</div></li><li id="A49107" class="half_rhythm"><div>Abbreviate them using the first three letters</div></li><li id="A49108" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize them</div><div>
|
|
<i>For example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49109" class="half_rhythm"><div>mayo = May</div></li><li id="A49110" class="half_rhythm"><div>luty = Feb</div></li><li id="A49111" class="half_rhythm"><div>brezen = Mar</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49112"><div id="A49112" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 30</span><span class="title">Seasons instead of months</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49113" class="half_rhythm"><div>Translate names of seasons into English</div></li><li id="A49114" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize them</div></li><li id="A49115" class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not abbreviate them</div><div>
|
|
<i>For example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49116" class="half_rhythm"><div>balvan = Summer</div></li><li id="A49117" class="half_rhythm"><div>outomno = Fall</div></li><li id="A49118" class="half_rhythm"><div>hiver = Winter</div></li><li id="A49119" class="half_rhythm"><div>pomlad = Spring</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49120"><div id="A49120" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 31</span><span class="title">Date of publication and date of copyright</span></h3><p>Some publications have both a year of publication and a year of
|
|
copyright. A copyright date is identified by the symbol ©, the
|
|
letter "c", or the word copyright preceding the date.</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49121" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use only the year of publication unless three or more years
|
|
separates the two dates</div></li><li id="A49122" class="half_rhythm"><div>In the above situation, use both dates, beginning with the
|
|
year of publication</div></li><li id="A49123" class="half_rhythm"><div>Precede the date of copyright by the letter "c"</div></li><li id="A49124" class="half_rhythm"><div>Separate the dates by a comma and a space. For example, 2002,
|
|
c1997.</div></li></ul>
|
|
<p>This convention alerts a user that the information in the publication is
|
|
older than the year of publication implies.</p></div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49125"><div id="A49125" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 32</span><span class="title">No date of publication, but a date of copyright</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49126" class="half_rhythm"><div>A copyright date is identified by the symbol ©, the
|
|
letter "c", or the word copyright preceding the date. If no
|
|
date of publication can be found, but the publication
|
|
contains a date of copyright, use the date of copyright
|
|
preceded by the letter "c"; for example c2005.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49127" class="half_rhythm"><div>Day J.
|
|
Dying before their time: early death & AIDS
|
|
[poster]. Farmington (CT): University of
|
|
Connecticut School of Medicine, Section of Medical
|
|
Arts & Letters; c1988. 1 poster: color, 21 x
|
|
14 in.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49128"><div id="A49128" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 33</span><span class="title">No date of publication or copyright can be found</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49129" class="half_rhythm"><div>If neither a date of publication nor a date of copyright can
|
|
be found, but a date can be estimated because of material
|
|
contained on the item itself or on accompanying material,
|
|
place a question mark after the estimated date and place
|
|
date information in square brackets<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49130" class="half_rhythm"><div>Kennedy RA. [Christian B.
|
|
Anfinsen] [photograph]. [Bethesda (MD): National
|
|
Institutes of Health (US), Photographic Research
|
|
Section; [1952?]. 1 print: black &
|
|
white.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49131" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a specific year cannot be estimated, but an approximate
|
|
date or range of years can be reasonably inferred, precede
|
|
the date or date range with the word "circa" and place date
|
|
information in square brackets. For example, circa 1800 and
|
|
circa 1950s.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49132" class="half_rhythm"><div>First aid packet: first aid help for wounds
|
|
[print]. [place unknown: publisher unknown; circa
|
|
1900]. Located at: Prints and Photographs
|
|
Collection, National Library of Medicine,
|
|
Bethesda, MD; Order No.:
|
|
A022483.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49133" class="half_rhythm"><div>If neither a date of publication nor a date of copyright can
|
|
be found nor can the date be estimated, use [date
|
|
unknown]<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49134" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Martin Freligh][print]. Philadelphia: Galaxy
|
|
Pub. Co.; [date unknown]. 1 print: black &
|
|
white.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49135"><div id="A49135" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 33a</span><span class="title">Options for date of publication</span></h3><p>It is not NLM policy, but the following is an acceptable option:</p><p>The date of publication may follow the author names (or title if there is
|
|
no author) in the list of references when the name-year system of
|
|
in-text references is used</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49136" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Use the year of publication only</div></li><li id="A49137" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Place the year after the last named author (or title and type
|
|
of medium if there is no author), followed by a period</div></li><li id="A49138" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">End publisher information with a period</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>NLM citation:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49139" class="half_rhythm"><div>Day J. Dying before their time: early death &
|
|
AIDS [poster]. Farmington (CT): University of
|
|
Connecticut School of Medicine, Section of Medical
|
|
Arts & Letters; 1988. 1 poster: color, 14 x 21
|
|
in.</div></li><li id="A49140" class="half_rhythm"><div>The world's debt to Pasteur [poster]. Edition:
|
|
1000. Philadelphia: Wistar Institute; c1984. 1
|
|
poster: color, 9 x 13 in.</div></li><li id="A49141" class="half_rhythm"><div>Observation of bacterial growths in medium to
|
|
study their effects on teeth [photograph].
|
|
[Bethesda (MD)]: National Institute of Dental
|
|
Research (US); [date unknown]. 1 photograph: black
|
|
& white, 8 x 10 in.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Name-year system of citation:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49142" class="half_rhythm"><div>Day J. 1988. Dying before their time: early death
|
|
& AIDS [poster]. Farmington (CT): University
|
|
of Connecticut School of Medicine, Section of
|
|
Medical Arts & Letters. 1 poster: color, 14 x
|
|
21 in.</div></li><li id="A49143" class="half_rhythm"><div>The world's debt to Pasteur [poster]. c1984.
|
|
Edition: 1000. Philadelphia: Wistar Institute. 1
|
|
poster: color, 9 x 13 in.</div></li><li id="A49144" class="half_rhythm"><div>Observation of bacterial growths in medium to
|
|
study their effects on teeth [photograph]. [date
|
|
unknown]. [Bethesda (MD)]: National Institute of
|
|
Dental Research (US). 1 photograph: black &
|
|
white, 8 x 10 in.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49145"><div id="A49145" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 34</span><span class="title">Language for describing physical characteristics</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49146" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Begin with information on the number and type of physical
|
|
pieces, followed by a colon and a space <ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49147" class="half_rhythm"><div>1
|
|
photograph:</div></li><li id="A49148" class="half_rhythm"><div>3 posters:</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A49149" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Enter information on the physical characteristics, such as
|
|
color and size. Abbreviate common words for measurement,
|
|
such as in. for inches and cm. for centimeters. Separate
|
|
types of information by commas.</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Typical words used include:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49150" class="half_rhythm"><div>color</div></li><li id="A49151" class="half_rhythm"><div>black & white</div></li></ul>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49152" class="half_rhythm"><div>8 x 10 in. (size)</div></li><li id="A49153" class="half_rhythm"><div>21 x 26 cm. (size)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Examples of complete physical description
|
|
statements:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49154" class="half_rhythm"><div>1 print: color, 9 x 14 in.</div></li><li id="A49155" class="half_rhythm"><div>1 poster: color, 51 x 76 cm.</div></li><li id="A49156" class="half_rhythm"><div>1 poster: black & white with color, 12 x 19
|
|
in.</div></li><li id="A49157" class="half_rhythm"><div>1 photograph: color, 11 x 14 in.</div></li><li id="A49158" class="half_rhythm"><div>1 photograph: black & white, 8 x 10 in.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49159"><div id="A49159" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 35</span><span class="title">Titles appearing in more than one language</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49160" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">If a print or photograph has titles appearing in two or more
|
|
equal languages, give the titles in the order they are
|
|
presented in the text, with an equals sign between them</div></li><li id="A49161" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Indicate the particular languages, separated by a comma,
|
|
after the physical description</div></li><li id="A49162" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">End language information with a period</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Examples:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49163" class="half_rhythm"><div>Boillard J, artist; Booth T, sculptor. Assemblee
|
|
des vieux garcons = The assembly of old batchelors
|
|
[print]. London: Bowles & Carver; [date
|
|
unknown]. 1 print: color, 16 x 22 cm. French,
|
|
English.</div></li><li id="A49164" class="half_rhythm"><div>Padey G, Auberson G. Parlons sante! = Let's
|
|
talk health! = ¡Hablemos de la
|
|
salud! = Falemos da saude! [poster].
|
|
Geneva: World Health Organization; [date unknown].
|
|
1 poster: color, 42 x 60 cm. French, English,
|
|
Spanish, Portuguese.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49165"><div id="A49165" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 36</span><span class="title">Information on the location of the print or photograph</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49166" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">If the print or photograph is unusual, give the name of a
|
|
library or other archive where it may be found, including
|
|
the city, the state/province/country, and any catalog or
|
|
other finding number</div></li><li id="A49167" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Begin with the phrase "Located at" followed by a colon and a
|
|
space</div></li><li id="A49168" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">End with a period</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49169" class="half_rhythm"><div>Lamsvelt J. Johan Freyer [print]. [place,
|
|
publisher, date unknown]. 1 print: black &
|
|
white. Located at: Prints and Photographs
|
|
Collection, National Library of Medicine,
|
|
Bethesda, MD; Order No. B012357.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49170"><div id="A49170" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 37</span><span class="title">Other types of material to include in notes</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49171" class="half_rhythm"><div>The notes element may be used to provide any information that
|
|
the compiler of the reference feels is useful to the reader.
|
|
Begin by citing the print or photograph, then add the note.
|
|
Some examples of notes are:<ul><li id="A49172" class="half_rhythm"><div>The name of the
|
|
printer<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49173" class="half_rhythm"><div>Nunney, artist. Learning to be
|
|
doctors in Fiji [poster]. New York: British
|
|
Information Services; [date unknown]. 1 poster:
|
|
color, 51 x 76 cm. Printed by Alf Cooke
|
|
Ltd.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49174" class="half_rhythm"><div>If the print or photograph was
|
|
sponsored by or prepared for a particular
|
|
organization, give the name<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49175" class="half_rhythm"><div>Baron
|
|
DA, photographer. Would you be more careful if it
|
|
was you that got pregnant? [poster]. California:
|
|
Pharmacists Planning Service, Inc.; c1986. 1
|
|
poster: halftone, 11 x 17 in. Sponsored by Clinica
|
|
de la Raza, Oakland,
|
|
California.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49176" class="half_rhythm"><div>If the print or photograph contains
|
|
material of particular interest to the audience
|
|
that may not be apparent from the title, describe
|
|
it<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49177" class="half_rhythm"><div>Spellman DD. [Hugo A. Freund] [photograph].
|
|
Detroit: [publisher unknown]; c1948. 1 photograph:
|
|
black & white. Autographed; letter
|
|
attached.</div></li><li id="A49178" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Floor plans for laboratory] [print].
|
|
[Washington]: Army (US), Office of the
|
|
Surgeon-General; [date unknown]. 1 print: black
|
|
& white, 7 x 9 in. G12 surgical building for
|
|
2000 bed hospital.</div></li><li id="A49179" class="half_rhythm"><div>Jenner E. [The hand Jenner used as
|
|
a source for his vaccine] [print]. Milan (Italy):
|
|
Lier; 1923. 1 print: black & white. Facsimile
|
|
of 1798
|
|
edition.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49298"><div id="A49298" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 45</span><span class="title">Author role included</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49299" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Supply the role played by the author, such as artist,
|
|
engraver, or photographer, following the author name, if
|
|
desired. Note that a printer is not considered an
|
|
author.</div></li><li id="A49300" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Separate the name from the role by a comma and a space</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Examples:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49301" class="half_rhythm"><div>Tabor M, photographer.</div></li><li id="A49302" class="half_rhythm"><div>Riley J, artist.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A49303" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">If there are multiple authors with differing roles, separate
|
|
each author name and role with a semicolon and a space<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49304" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sokolov IS,
|
|
author; Ivanov KK,
|
|
artist.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49305" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Translate the word found for author, artist, engraver,
|
|
photographer, or other role into English whenever possible.
|
|
However, the wording found on the publication may always be
|
|
used.</div></li><li id="A49306" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">To assist in identifying author roles in other languages,
|
|
below is a brief list of non-English words for
|
|
them:<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figA49307"><a href="/books/NBK7258/table/A49307/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figA49307" rid-ob="figobA49307"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK7258/table/A49307/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK7258/table/A49307/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49307"><a href="/books/NBK7258/table/A49307/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49307">Table</a></h4></div></div></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobA49307"><div id="A49307" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK7258/table/A49307/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__A49307_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Language</th><th id="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for
|
|
Author</th><th id="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for Artist</th><th id="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for
|
|
Photographer</th><th id="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for
|
|
Engraver</th><th id="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for
|
|
Illustrator</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">French</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">auteur</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">artiste</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">photographe</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">graveur</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">illustrateur</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">graphiste</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">photograveur</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">German</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Verfasser</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Artist</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Fotograf</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Graveur</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrator</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kunstler</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kupferstecher</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Grafiker</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ziseleur</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Italian</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">autore</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">artista</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fotografa</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">incisore</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">disegnatore</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">graphico</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fotografo</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intagliatore</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fotoincisore</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Latin</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">auctor</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">pinx</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fecit</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">conditor</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">scriptor</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Spanish</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">autor</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">artista</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fotografo</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">grabador</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ilustrador</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">pintor</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fotografa</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">pintora</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Russian</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">avtor</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">khudozhnik</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">fotograf</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">graver</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">konstruktor</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">sostavitel</td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49307_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49180"><div id="A49180" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 38</span><span class="title">Surnames with hyphens and other punctuation in them</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49181" class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep hyphens in surnames<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49182" class="half_rhythm"><div>Estelle
|
|
Palmer-Canton;   <i>becomes</i>   Palmer-Canton
|
|
E</div></li><li id="A49183" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ahmed
|
|
El-Assmy;   <i>becomes</i>   El-Assmy
|
|
A</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49184" class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep particles, such as O', D', and L'<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49185" class="half_rhythm"><div>Alan D.
|
|
O'Brien;   <i>becomes</i>   O'Brien
|
|
AD</div></li><li id="A49186" class="half_rhythm"><div>James
|
|
O.
|
|
L'Esperance;   <i>becomes</i>   L'Esperance
|
|
JO</div></li><li id="A49187" class="half_rhythm"><div>U.
|
|
S'adeh;   <i>becomes</i>   S'adeh
|
|
U</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49188" class="half_rhythm"><div>Omit all other punctuation in surnames<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49189" class="half_rhythm"><div>Charles A.
|
|
St.
|
|
James;   <i>becomes</i>   St
|
|
James CA</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49190"><div id="A49190" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 39</span><span class="title">Other surname rules</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49191" class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep prefixes in surnames<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49192" class="half_rhythm"><div>Lama Al
|
|
Bassit;   <i>becomes</i>   Al
|
|
Bassit L</div></li><li id="A49193" class="half_rhythm"><div>Jiddeke M. van de
|
|
Kamp;   <i>becomes</i>   van
|
|
de Kamp JM</div></li><li id="A49194" class="half_rhythm"><div>Gerard de
|
|
Pouvourville;   <i>becomes</i>   de
|
|
Pouvourville G</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49195" class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep compound surnames even if no hyphen appears<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49196" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sergio
|
|
Lopez
|
|
Moreno;   <i>becomes</i>   Lopez
|
|
Moreno S</div></li><li id="A49197" class="half_rhythm"><div>Jaime Mier y
|
|
Teran;   <i>becomes</i>   Mier
|
|
y Teran J</div></li><li id="A49198" class="half_rhythm"><div>Virginie Halley des
|
|
Fontaines;   <i>becomes</i>   Halley
|
|
des Fontaines V</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49199" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A49200" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49201" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A49202" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A49203" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A49204" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A49205" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A49206" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A49207" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A49208" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49209" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49210" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A49211" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49212"><div id="A49212" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 40</span><span class="title">Given names containing punctuation, a prefix, a preposition, or
|
|
particle</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49213" class="half_rhythm"><div>Disregard hyphens joining given (first or middle) names<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49214" class="half_rhythm"><div>Jean-Louis
|
|
Lagrot;   <i>becomes</i>   Lagrot
|
|
JL</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49215" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use only the first letter of given names and middle names if
|
|
they contain a prefix, a preposition, or another
|
|
particle<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49216" class="half_rhythm"><div>D'Arcy
|
|
Hart;   <i>becomes</i>   Hart
|
|
D</div></li><li id="A49217" class="half_rhythm"><div>W. St.
|
|
John
|
|
Patterson;   <i>becomes</i>   Patterson
|
|
WS</div></li><li id="A49218" class="half_rhythm"><div>De la
|
|
Broquerie
|
|
Fortier;   <i>becomes</i>   Fortier
|
|
D</div></li><li id="A49219" class="half_rhythm"><div>Craig
|
|
McC.
|
|
Brooks;   <i>becomes</i>   Brooks
|
|
CM</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49220" class="half_rhythm"><div>Disregard traditional abbreviations of given names. Some
|
|
non-US publications use abbreviations of conventional given
|
|
names rather than single initials, such as St. for Stefan.
|
|
Use only the first letter of the abbreviation.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49221" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ch.
|
|
Wunderly;   <i>becomes</i>   Wunderly
|
|
C</div></li><li id="A49222" class="half_rhythm"><div>C. Fr.
|
|
Erdman;   <i>becomes</i>   Erdman
|
|
CF</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49223" class="half_rhythm"><div>For non-English names that have been romanized (written in
|
|
the roman alphabet), capitalize only the first letter if the
|
|
original initial is represented by more than one letter<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49224" class="half_rhythm"><div>Iu. A.
|
|
Iakontov;   <i>becomes</i>   Iakontov
|
|
IuA</div></li><li id="A49225" class="half_rhythm"><div>G.
|
|
Th.
|
|
Tsakalos;   <i>becomes</i>   Tsakalos
|
|
GTh</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49226"><div id="A49226" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 41</span><span class="title">Degrees, titles, and honors before or after a personal name</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49227" class="half_rhythm"><div>Omit degrees, titles, and honors such as M.D. following a
|
|
personal name<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49228" class="half_rhythm"><div>James A. Reed, M.D.,
|
|
F.R.C.S.;   <i>becomes</i>   Reed
|
|
JA</div></li><li id="A49229" class="half_rhythm"><div>Kristine Schmidt,
|
|
Ph.D.;   <i>becomes</i>   Schmidt
|
|
K</div></li><li id="A49230" class="half_rhythm"><div>Robert
|
|
V. Lang, Major, US
|
|
Army;   <i>becomes</i>   Lang
|
|
RV</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49231" class="half_rhythm"><div>Omit rank and honors such as Colonel or Sir that precede a
|
|
name<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49232" class="half_rhythm"><div>Sir Frances
|
|
Hildebrand;   <i>becomes</i>   Hildebrand
|
|
F</div></li><li id="A49233" class="half_rhythm"><div>Dr.
|
|
Jane
|
|
Eberhard;   <i>becomes</i>   Eberhard
|
|
J</div></li><li id="A49234" class="half_rhythm"><div>Captain
|
|
R.C.
|
|
Williams;   <i>becomes</i>   Williams
|
|
RC</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49235"><div id="A49235" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 42</span><span class="title">Designations of rank in a family, such as Jr and III</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49236" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place family designations of rank after the initials, without
|
|
punctuation</div></li><li id="A49237" class="half_rhythm"><div>Convert roman numerals to arabic ordinals</div><div>
|
|
<i>Examples:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49238" class="half_rhythm"><div>Vincent T. DeVita,
|
|
Jr.;   <i>becomes</i>   DeVita
|
|
VT Jr</div></li><li id="A49239" class="half_rhythm"><div>James G. Jones
|
|
II;   <i>becomes</i>   Jones
|
|
JG 2nd</div></li><li id="A49240" class="half_rhythm"><div>John A. Adams
|
|
III;   <i>becomes</i>   Adams
|
|
JA 3rd</div></li><li id="A49241" class="half_rhythm"><div>Henry B. Cooper
|
|
IV;   <i>becomes</i>   Cooper
|
|
HB 4th</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49242"><div id="A49242" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 43</span><span class="title">Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean) or
|
|
character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese)</span></h3><p>Romanization, a form of transliteration, means using the roman (Latin)
|
|
alphabet to represent the letters or characters of another alphabet. A
|
|
good authority for romanization is the <i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC
|
|
Romanization Tables</a></i>.</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49243" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize names in Cyrillic (Russian, Bulgarian, etc.), Greek,
|
|
Arabic, Hebrew, Korean, or character-based languages, such as
|
|
Chinese and Japanese</div></li><li id="A49244" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize only the first letter of romanized names if the
|
|
original initial is represented by more than one letter<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49245" class="half_rhythm"><div>Iu. A.
|
|
Iakontov;   <i>becomes</i>   Iakontov
|
|
IuA</div></li><li id="A49246" class="half_rhythm"><div>G.
|
|
Th.
|
|
Tsakalos;   <i>becomes</i>   Tsakalos
|
|
GTh</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49247" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A49248" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49249" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A49250" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A49251" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A49252" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A49253" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A49254" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A49255" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A49256" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49257" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49258" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A49259" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49260"><div id="A49260" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 44</span><span class="title">Organization as author</span></h3><p>An organization such as a university, society, association, corporation,
|
|
or governmental body may serve as an author.</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49261" class="half_rhythm"><div>Omit "The" preceding an organizational name<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49262" class="half_rhythm"><div>The
|
|
American Cancer
|
|
Society;   <i>becomes</i>   American
|
|
Cancer Society</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49263" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a division or another part of an organization is included
|
|
in the publication, give the parts of the name in descending
|
|
hierarchical order, separated by commas<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49264" class="half_rhythm"><div>American
|
|
Medical Association, Committee on
|
|
Ethics.</div></li><li id="A49265" class="half_rhythm"><div>International Union of Pure and Applied
|
|
Chemistry, Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry
|
|
Division.</div></li><li id="A49266" class="half_rhythm"><div>American College of Surgeons, Committee on
|
|
Trauma, Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Outcomes, Working
|
|
Group.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49267" class="half_rhythm"><div>When citing organizations that are national bodies such as
|
|
government agencies, if a nationality is not part of the
|
|
name, place the country in parentheses after the name, using
|
|
the two-letter ISO country code (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/?report=reader">Appendix D</a>)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49268" class="half_rhythm"><div>National Academy of
|
|
Sciences (US).</div></li><li id="A49269" class="half_rhythm"><div>Royal Marsden Hospital Bone-Marrow
|
|
Transplantation Team
|
|
(GB).</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49270" class="half_rhythm"><div>Separate two or more different organizations by a
|
|
semicolon<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49271" class="half_rhythm"><div>Canadian Association of Orthodontists;
|
|
Canadian Dental
|
|
Association.</div></li><li id="A49272" class="half_rhythm"><div>American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on
|
|
Pediatric Emergency Medicine; American College of
|
|
Emergency Physicians, Pediatric
|
|
Committee.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49273" class="half_rhythm"><div>If both individuals and an organization or organizations
|
|
appear as authors, use the names of the individuals as the
|
|
author and give the organization at the end of the reference
|
|
as a note</div></li><li id="A49274" class="half_rhythm"><div>For names of organizations in languages other than
|
|
English:<ul><li id="A49275" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give names in languages using the roman
|
|
alphabet (primarily European languages, such as
|
|
French, Italian, Spanish, German, Swedish, etc.)
|
|
as they appear on the publication. Whenever
|
|
possible follow a non-English name with a
|
|
translation. Place all translations in square
|
|
brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49276" class="half_rhythm"><div>Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica del
|
|
CNR.</div></li><li id="A49277" class="half_rhythm"><div>Universitatsmedizin
|
|
Berlin.</div></li><li id="A49278" class="half_rhythm"><div>Nordisk Anaestesiologisk Forening
|
|
[Scandinavian Society of
|
|
Anaesthesiologists].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49279" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize (write in the roman
|
|
alphabet) or translate names of organizations in
|
|
Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or Korean. A good
|
|
authority for romanization is the
|
|
<i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC Romanization Tables</a></i>.
|
|
Whenever possible follow a non-English name with a
|
|
translation. Place all translations in square
|
|
brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49280" class="half_rhythm"><div>Rossiiskoe Respiratornoe
|
|
Obshchestvo [Russian Respiratory
|
|
Society].</div></li><li id="A49281" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>or</i></div></li><li id="A49282" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Russian Respiratory
|
|
Society].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49283" class="half_rhythm"><div>Translate names of organizations in
|
|
character-based languages such as Chinese and
|
|
Japanese. Place all translations in
|
|
square brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49284" class="half_rhythm"><div>[Chinese Medical
|
|
Society].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49285" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and
|
|
special characters in names. This rule ignores
|
|
some conventions used in non-English languages to
|
|
simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A49286" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with
|
|
diacritics or accents as if they are not
|
|
marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49287" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A49288" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A49289" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A49290" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A49291" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A49292" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A49293" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A49294" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49295" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed
|
|
as a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49296" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A49297" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49308"><div id="A49308" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 46</span><span class="title">Compiler instead of an author</span></h3><p>A compiler is someone who collects and organizes the work of others.</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49309" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Place the name of a compiler in the author position when the
|
|
collection consists of the works of various individuals or
|
|
organizations</div></li><li id="A49310" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Follow the same rules as used for author names</div></li><li id="A49311" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Separate the names of multiple compilers with a comma</div></li><li id="A49312" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Follow the name of a single compiler or the last named
|
|
compiler with a comma and the word compiler or compilers</div></li><li id="A49313" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">End compiler information with a period</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49314" class="half_rhythm"><div>Kase G, compiler. Mt. Airy Forest collection
|
|
[prints + slides]. 1928-1954. 549 prints:
|
|
black & white, 9 x 15 cm.; 64 slides: color, 2
|
|
x 2 in. Located at: Cincinnati Historical Society
|
|
Library, Cincinnati, OH.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A49315" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">If there are both an author and a compiler, place the
|
|
compiler in the secondary author position, following the
|
|
title and type of medium</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49316"><div id="A49316" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 47</span><span class="title">No author can be found</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49317" class="half_rhythm"><div>If no person or organization can be identified as the author,
|
|
begin the reference with the title of the print or
|
|
photograph. Do not use anonymous.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49318"><div id="A49318" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 48</span><span class="title">Options for author names</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49319" class="half_rhythm"><div>The following format is not NLM practice for citing authors
|
|
of collections, but the full names of authors may be given
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49320" class="half_rhythm"><div>Takagi, Yasushi.</div></li><li id="A49321" class="half_rhythm"><div>Mann, Frederick
|
|
D.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49322"><div id="A49322" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 49</span><span class="title">Abbreviations in affiliations</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49323" class="half_rhythm"><div>Abbreviate commonly used words in affiliations, if desired.
|
|
Follow all abbreviated words with a period. <ul class="simple-list"><li id="A63416" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>Examples:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49324" class="half_rhythm"><div>Acad. for Academy</div></li><li id="A49325" class="half_rhythm"><div>Assoc. for
|
|
Association</div></li><li id="A49326" class="half_rhythm"><div>Co. for Company</div></li><li id="A49327" class="half_rhythm"><div>Coll. for
|
|
College</div></li><li id="A49328" class="half_rhythm"><div>Corp. for
|
|
Corporation</div></li><li id="A49329" class="half_rhythm"><div>Dept. for Department</div></li><li id="A49330" class="half_rhythm"><div>Div. for
|
|
Division</div></li><li id="A49331" class="half_rhythm"><div>Inst. for Institute or
|
|
Institution</div></li><li id="A49332" class="half_rhythm"><div>Soc. for Society</div></li><li id="A49333" class="half_rhythm"><div>Univ. for
|
|
University</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A63417" class="half_rhythm"><div>See <a href="/books/n/citmed/appc/?report=reader">Appendix C</a> for
|
|
more abbreviations of commonly used English
|
|
words.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li><li id="A49334" class="half_rhythm"><div>Abbreviate names of US states and Canadian provinces using
|
|
their official two-letter abbreviations. See <a href="/books/n/citmed/appe/?report=reader">Appendix E</a> for a list
|
|
of these.</div></li><li id="A49335" class="half_rhythm"><div>Abbreviate names of countries outside of the US and Canada
|
|
using the two-letter ISO country code, if desired. See <a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/?report=reader">Appendix D</a> for codes of
|
|
selected countries.</div></li><li id="A49336" class="half_rhythm"><div>Be consistent. If you abbreviate a word in one reference in a
|
|
list of references, abbreviate the same word in all
|
|
references.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49337"><div id="A49337" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 50</span><span class="title">E-mail address included</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49338" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow the US state, Canadian province, or country of the
|
|
author with a period and a space</div></li><li id="A49339" class="half_rhythm"><div>Insert the e-mail address as it appears in the
|
|
publication</div></li><li id="A49340" class="half_rhythm"><div>Place the e-mail address within the closing parenthesis for
|
|
the author affiliation</div></li><li id="A49341" class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not end an e-mail address with a period</div><div>
|
|
<i>Example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49342" class="half_rhythm"><div>Patrias K (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda
|
|
MD. patrias@nlm.nih.gov).</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49343"><div id="A49343" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 51</span><span class="title">Organizational names for affiliations not in English</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49344" class="half_rhythm"><div>Give the affiliation of all authors or only the first
|
|
author</div></li><li id="A49345" class="half_rhythm"><div>Begin with the department and name of the organization,
|
|
followed by the city, the two-letter abbreviation for the US
|
|
state or Canadian province (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appe/?report=reader">Appendix E</a>), and the country name or
|
|
ISO country code (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/?report=reader">Appendix D</a>) if non-US. Place the affiliation in
|
|
parentheses.</div></li><li id="A49346" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide the name in the original language for non-English
|
|
organization names found in the roman alphabet (primarily
|
|
European languages, such as French, German, Spanish,
|
|
Italian, Swedish, etc.)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49347" class="half_rhythm"><div>Carpentier AF (Service de Neurologie,
|
|
Hopital de la Salpetriere, Paris,
|
|
France).</div></li><li id="A49348" class="half_rhythm"><div>Marubini E (Istituto di Statistica Medica e
|
|
Biometria, Universita degli Studi di Milano,
|
|
Milan, Italy).</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49349" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize (write in the roman alphabet) or translate
|
|
organizational names in Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or Korean.
|
|
A good authority for romanization is the <i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC Romanization
|
|
Tables</a></i>.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49350" class="half_rhythm"><div>Barbulescu M (Clinica
|
|
Chirurgicala, Spitalul Clinic Coltea, Bucarest,
|
|
Romania).</div></li><li id="A49351" class="half_rhythm"><div>Grudinina NA (Institute of Experimental
|
|
Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St.
|
|
Petersburg, Russia).</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49352" class="half_rhythm"><div>Translate organizational names in character-based languages
|
|
(Chinese, Japanese)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49353" class="half_rhythm"><div>Susaki K (First
|
|
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of
|
|
Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu,
|
|
Japan).</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49354" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A49355" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49356" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A49357" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A49358" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A49359" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A49360" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A49361" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A49362" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A49363" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49364" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49365" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A49366" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49367" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use the English form of names for cities and countries
|
|
whenever possible. For example, Vienna for Wien and Spain
|
|
for Espana. However, the name found on the publication may
|
|
always be used.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49368"><div id="A49368" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 52</span><span class="title">Names for cities and countries not in English</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49369" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use the English form for names of cities and countries
|
|
whenever possible. However, the name as found on the
|
|
publication may always be used.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49370" class="half_rhythm"><div>Moskva   <i>becomes</i>   Moscow</div></li><li id="A49371" class="half_rhythm"><div>Wien   <i>becomes</i>   Vienna</div></li><li id="A49372" class="half_rhythm"><div>Italia   <i>becomes</i>   Italy</div></li><li id="A49373" class="half_rhythm"><div>Espana   <i>becomes</i>   Spain</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49374"><div id="A49374" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 53</span><span class="title">Titles not in English</span></h3><p>Because the title of a collection is assigned by the library or other
|
|
archive housing the collection, the title will be in the language of the
|
|
country where the library or archive is located, regardless of the
|
|
language of the materials contained in the collection.</p><p>To cite a collection in a non-English speaking country:</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49375" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide the title in the original language for non-English
|
|
titles found in the roman alphabet (primarily European
|
|
languages, such as French, German, Spanish, Italian,
|
|
Swedish, etc.)</div></li><li id="A49376" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize (write in the roman alphabet) titles in Cyrillic,
|
|
Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or Korean. A good authority for romanization
|
|
is the <i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC Romanization Tables</a></i>.</div></li><li id="A49377" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize or translate titles in character-based languages
|
|
(Chinese, Japanese). Place translated titles in
|
|
square brackets.</div></li><li id="A49378" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in titles.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A49379" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49380" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A49381" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A49382" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A49383" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A49384" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A49385" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A49386" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A49387" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49388" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49389" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A49390" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49391" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize only the first word of the title, proper nouns,
|
|
proper adjectives, acronyms, and initialisms unless the
|
|
conventions of a particular language require other
|
|
capitalization</div></li><li id="A49392" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide an English translation after the original language
|
|
title whenever possible; place translations in square
|
|
brackets</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49393"><div id="A49393" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 54</span><span class="title">Titles containing a Greek letter, chemical formula, or another
|
|
special character</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49394" class="half_rhythm"><div>Capitalize the first word of a title unless the title begins
|
|
with a Greek letter, chemical formula, or another special
|
|
character that might lose its meaning if capitalized<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49395" class="half_rhythm"><div>von
|
|
Willebrand disease as depicted in the early
|
|
twentieth century
|
|
[prints].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49396" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title contains a Greek letter or some other symbol that
|
|
cannot be reproduced with the type fonts available,
|
|
substitute the name for the symbol. For example, Ω
|
|
becomes omega.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49397" class="half_rhythm"><div>Synthesis of β-amino acids at
|
|
the Karolinska Institute
|
|
[photographs].</div></li><li id="A49398" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>may
|
|
become</i></div></li><li id="A49399" class="half_rhythm"><div>Synthesis of beta-amino acids at the
|
|
Karolinska Institute
|
|
[photographs].</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49400" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a title contains superscripts or subscripts that cannot be
|
|
reproduced with the type fonts available, place the
|
|
superscript or subscript in parentheses<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49401" class="half_rhythm"><div>TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings developed at the
|
|
California Institute of Technology
|
|
[prints].</div></li><li id="A49402" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>may
|
|
become</i></div></li><li id="A49403" class="half_rhythm"><div>TiO(2) coatings developed at the
|
|
California Institute of Technology
|
|
[prints].</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49404"><div id="A49404" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 55</span><span class="title">More than one type of medium</span></h3><p>Collections may contain more than one type of medium.</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49405" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Place the types in square brackets after the title</div></li><li id="A49406" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Separate the types by a plus sign (+) between spaces</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49407" class="half_rhythm"><div>Visual materials from the Blackwell family papers
|
|
[slides + prints]. 1840-circa 1935. 171
|
|
items: 28 x 23 cm. or smaller. Located at: Prints
|
|
& Photographs Division, Library of Congress,
|
|
Washington, DC; LOT 13267. Collection contains
|
|
chiefly lantern slides and photographic
|
|
prints.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49408"><div id="A49408" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 56</span><span class="title">Non-English names for secondary authors</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49409" class="half_rhythm"><div>Translate the word found for compiler, editor, translator, or
|
|
other secondary author into English whenever possible.
|
|
However, the wording found on the print, photograph, or
|
|
accompanying material may always be used.</div></li><li id="A49410" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A49411" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49412" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A49413" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A49414" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A49415" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A49416" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A49417" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A49418" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A49419" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49420" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49421" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A49422" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49423" class="half_rhythm"><div>To assist in identifying secondary
|
|
authors, below is a brief list of non-English
|
|
words for them<div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figA49424"><a href="/books/NBK7258/table/A49424/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figA49424" rid-ob="figobA49424"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK7258/table/A49424/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK7258/table/A49424/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="A49424"><a href="/books/NBK7258/table/A49424/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA49424">Table</a></h4></div></div></div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobA49424"><div id="A49424" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK7258/table/A49424/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__A49424_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Language</th><th id="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for
|
|
Compiler</th><th id="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for
|
|
Editor</th><th id="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for Translator</th><th id="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Word for
|
|
Illustrator</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">French</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">compilateur</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">redacteur</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">traducteur</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">illustrateur</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">editeur</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">German</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">zusammensteller</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">redakteur</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ubersetzer</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">illustrator</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">herausgeber</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">dolmetscher</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Italian</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">compilatore</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">redattore</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">traduttore</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">disegnatore</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">curatore</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">editore</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Spanish</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">recopilador</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">redactor</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">traductor</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ilustrador</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">compilador</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">editor</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Russian</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">sostavitel'</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">redaktor</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">perevodchik</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">konstruktor</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">izdatel</td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_A49424_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49425"><div id="A49425" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 57</span><span class="title">Date estimated</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49426" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">If neither a date of publication nor a date of copyright can
|
|
be found for items in a collection, but dates can be
|
|
estimated because of material contained on the items
|
|
themselves or on accompanying material, place a question
|
|
mark after the estimated date<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49427" class="half_rhythm"><div>1942-1945?</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49428" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">If a specific year cannot be estimated, but an approximate
|
|
date or range of years can be reasonably inferred, precede
|
|
the date or date range with the word "circa", such as circa
|
|
1800 and circa 1950s<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49429" class="half_rhythm"><div>circa
|
|
1900-1920</div></li><li id="A49430" class="half_rhythm"><div>circa 1960s</div></li></ul></div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49431" class="half_rhythm"><div>Visual materials from the Blackwell family papers
|
|
[slides + prints]. 1840-circa 1935. 171
|
|
items: 28 x 23 cm. or smaller. Located at: Prints
|
|
& Photographs Division, Library of Congress,
|
|
Washington, DC; LOT 13267. Collection contains
|
|
chiefly lantern slides and photographic
|
|
prints.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49432"><div id="A49432" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 58</span><span class="title">Language for describing physical characteristics</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49433" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Begin with information on the number and type of physical
|
|
pieces, followed by a colon and a space<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49434" class="half_rhythm"><div>325
|
|
photographs:</div></li><li id="A49435" class="half_rhythm"><div>32 posters:</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49436" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Enter information on the physical characteristics, such as
|
|
color and size. Abbreviate common words for measurement,
|
|
such as in. for inches and cm. for centimeters. Separate
|
|
types of information by commas.</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Typical words used include:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49437" class="half_rhythm"><div>color</div></li><li id="A49438" class="half_rhythm"><div>black & white</div></li></ul>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49439" class="half_rhythm"><div>8 x 10 in. (size)</div></li><li id="A49440" class="half_rhythm"><div>21 x 26 cm. (size)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Examples of complete physical description
|
|
statements:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49441" class="half_rhythm"><div>155 photographs: black & white.</div></li><li id="A49442" class="half_rhythm"><div>420 prints: black & white and color, 13 x 17
|
|
in. or smaller.</div></li><li id="A49443" class="half_rhythm"><div>51 posters: color, 27 x 32 in.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49444"><div id="A49444" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 59</span><span class="title">More than one type of medium</span></h3><p>Collections may contain more than one type of medium.</p>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49445" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Place the types in square brackets after the title</div></li><li id="A49446" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">Separate the types by a plus sign (+) between spaces</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49447" class="half_rhythm"><div>Visual materials from the Blackwell family papers
|
|
[slides + prints]. 1840-circa 1935. 171
|
|
items: 28 x 23 cm. or smaller. Located at: Prints
|
|
& Photographs Division, Library of Congress,
|
|
Washington, DC; LOT 13267. Collection contains
|
|
chiefly lantern slides and photographic
|
|
prints.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49452"><div id="A49452" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 61</span><span class="title">Non-English names for libraries and archives</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49453" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide the name in the original language for non-English
|
|
names found in the roman alphabet (primarily European
|
|
languages, such as French, German, Spanish, Italian,
|
|
Swedish, etc.)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49454" class="half_rhythm"><div>Bibliotheque Nationale de
|
|
France</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49455" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize (write in the roman alphabet) names in Cyrillic,
|
|
Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or Korean. A good authority for romanization
|
|
is the <i><a href="http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ALA-LC Romanization
|
|
Tables</a></i>.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49456" class="half_rhythm"><div>Biblioteka, Academia de
|
|
Stiinte Medicale</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49457" class="half_rhythm"><div>Romanize or translate names in character-based languages
|
|
(Chinese, Japanese). Place translated names in
|
|
square brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49458" class="half_rhythm"><div>Kokuritsu
|
|
Kobunshokan</div></li><li id="A49459" class="half_rhythm"><div><i>or</i></div></li><li id="A49460" class="half_rhythm"><div>[National
|
|
Archives]</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49461" class="half_rhythm"><div>Provide an English translation after the original language
|
|
name if possible; place translation in square brackets.<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49462" class="half_rhythm"><div>Biblioteka,
|
|
Academia de Stiinte Medicale [Library, Academy of
|
|
Medical Sciences]</div></li><li id="A49463" class="half_rhythm"><div>Kokuritsu Kobunshokan [National
|
|
Archives]</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49464" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in names.
|
|
This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English
|
|
languages to simplify rules for English-language
|
|
publications.<ul><li id="A49465" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat letters marked with diacritics
|
|
or accents as if they are not marked<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49466" class="half_rhythm"><div>Å   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   A</div></li><li id="A49467" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ø   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   O</div></li><li id="A49468" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ç   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   C</div></li><li id="A49469" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ł   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   L</div></li><li id="A49470" class="half_rhythm"><div>à   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   a</div></li><li id="A49471" class="half_rhythm"><div>ĝ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   g</div></li><li id="A49472" class="half_rhythm"><div>ñ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   n</div></li><li id="A49473" class="half_rhythm"><div>ü   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   u</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49474" class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat two or more letters printed as
|
|
a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two
|
|
letters<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49475" class="half_rhythm"><div>æ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   ae</div></li><li id="A49476" class="half_rhythm"><div>œ   <i>treated
|
|
as</i>   oe</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49477"><div id="A49477" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 62</span><span class="title">Locations outside of the US</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49478" class="half_rhythm"><div>Use the anglicized form of a city name, such as Rome for Roma
|
|
and Moscow for Moskva, whenever possible. However, the name
|
|
as found on the publication may always be used.</div></li><li id="A49479" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow Canadian cities with the two-letter abbreviation for
|
|
the name of the province (see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appe/?report=reader">Appendix E</a>)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49480" class="half_rhythm"><div>Montreal,
|
|
QC</div></li><li id="A49481" class="half_rhythm"><div>Ottawa,
|
|
ON</div></li><li id="A49482" class="half_rhythm"><div>Vancouver, BC</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49483" class="half_rhythm"><div>Follow cities in other countries with the country name,
|
|
either written in full or as the two-letter ISO country code
|
|
(see <a href="/books/n/citmed/appd/?report=reader">Appendix D</a>)<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49484" class="half_rhythm"><div>Rome,
|
|
Italy   <i>or</i>   Rome,
|
|
IT</div></li><li id="A49485" class="half_rhythm"><div>Malaga,
|
|
Spain   <i>or</i>   Malaga,
|
|
ES</div></li><li id="A49486" class="half_rhythm"><div>Basel,
|
|
Switzerland   <i>or</i>   Basel,
|
|
CH</div></li><li id="A49487" class="half_rhythm"><div>Oxford,
|
|
England   <i>or</i>   Oxford,
|
|
GB</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49488" class="half_rhythm"><div>Be consistent. If you abbreviate a word in one reference in a
|
|
list of references, abbreviate the same word in all
|
|
references.</div></li></ul>
|
|
</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49448"><div id="A49448" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 60</span><span class="title">Collections with items appearing in more than one language</span></h3>
|
|
<ul><li id="A49449" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">If the items in a print or photograph collection have text in
|
|
two or more languages, indicate the languages in the order
|
|
they are presented, separated by a comma, after date range
|
|
(and the physical description, if present)</div></li><li id="A49450" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">End language information with a period</div><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<i>Example:</i>
|
|
<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49451" class="half_rhythm"><div>Spanish Civil War poster collection [posters].
|
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1936-1939. 123 posters: color, 161 x 213 cm. or
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smaller. Located at: Prints and Photographs
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Division, Library of Congress, Washington, DC;
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Card No. 2001697400. Spanish, English, Esperanto,
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French. Many artists are represented. Among the
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more notable or frequently represented artists
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are: Jose Bardasano, Carles Fontsere, Aleix
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Hinsberger, and Ramon Puyol.</div></li></ul>
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</div></li></ul>
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</div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA49489"><div id="A49489" class="box"><h3><span class="label">Box 63</span><span class="title">Types of material to include in notes</span></h3>
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<ul><li id="A49490" class="half_rhythm"><div>The notes element may be used to provide any information that
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the compiler of the reference feels is useful to the
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reader<ul><li id="A49491" class="half_rhythm"><div>Begin by citing the print or photograph
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collection, then add the
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note</div></li><li id="A49492" class="half_rhythm"><div>End
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with a period</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49493" class="half_rhythm"><div>Some examples of notes for collections are:<ul><li id="A49494" class="half_rhythm"><div>Details on
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the type of prints or other media<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49495" class="half_rhythm"><div>Collection contains engravings, etchings,
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|
lithographs.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49496" class="half_rhythm"><div>Subject content if not evident from
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the title<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49497" class="half_rhythm"><div>Photographs depict contemporary
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|
health care professionals at
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work.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49498" class="half_rhythm"><div>Unusual or special aspects of the
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collection<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49499" class="half_rhythm"><div>Many artists are represented. Among
|
|
the more notable or frequently represented artists
|
|
are: Jose Bardasano, Carles Fontsere, Aleix
|
|
Hinsberger, and Ramon
|
|
Puyol.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="A49500" class="half_rhythm"><div>Any restrictions on viewing the
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|
collection placed on it by the library or
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archive<ul class="simple-list"><li id="A49501" class="half_rhythm"><div>Available by appointment
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|
only.</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
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