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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002-. </p></div><div class="iconblock clearfix whole_rhythm no_top_margin bk_noprnt"><a class="img_link icnblk_img" title="Table of Contents Page" href="/books/n/pdqcis/"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-pdqcis-lrg.png" alt="Cover of PDQ Cancer Information Summaries" height="100px" width="80px" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt eight_col"><h2>PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet].</h2><a data-jig="ncbitoggler" href="#__NBK65934_dtls__">Show details</a><div style="display:none" class="ui-widget" id="__NBK65934_dtls__"><div>Bethesda (MD): <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Cancer Institute (US)</a>; 2002-.</div></div><div class="half_rhythm"></div><div class="bk_noprnt"><form method="get" action="/books/n/pdqcis/" id="bk_srch"><div class="bk_search"><label for="bk_term" class="offscreen_noflow">Search term</label><input type="text" title="Search this book" id="bk_term" name="term" value="" data-jig="ncbiclearbutton" /> <input type="submit" class="jig-ncbibutton" value="Search this book" submit="false" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;" /></div></form></div></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK65934_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Informal Caregivers in Cancer (PDQ®)</span></h1><div class="subtitle whole_rhythm">Patient Version</div><p class="contrib-group"><span itemprop="author">PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board</span>.</p><p class="small">Published online: July 29, 2020.</p><p class="small">Created: <span itemprop="datePublished">June 2, 2011</span>.</p></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><div id="_abs_rndgid_" itemprop="description"><p id="CDR0000682690__1">This PDQ cancer information summary has current information about challenges and helpful interventions for caregivers of cancer patients. It is meant to inform and help patients, families, and caregivers. It does not give formal guidelines or recommendations for making decisions about health care.</p><p id="CDR0000682690__2">Editorial Boards write the PDQ cancer information summaries and keep them up to date. These Boards are made up of experts in cancer treatment and other specialties related to cancer. The summaries are reviewed regularly and changes are made when there is new information. The date on each summary ("Date Last Modified") is the date of the most recent change. The information in this patient summary was taken from the health professional version, which is reviewed regularly and updated as needed, by the PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board.</p></div><div id="CDR0000682690__3"><h2 id="_CDR0000682690__3_">Roles of Informal Caregivers</h2><div id="CDR0000682690__3.kp" class="box"><h4><span class="title">Key Points for This Section</span></h4><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000682690__176">Caregivers are either formal or informal.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000682690__120">Caregivers often provide care for cancer patients. </a></div></li></ul></div><p id="CDR0000682690__119">This summary is about the roles, needs, and burdens of informal <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000648947/" class="def">caregivers</a> who are caring for a person with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a>.</p><div id="CDR0000682690__176"><h3>Caregivers are either formal or informal.</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__178">An informal caregiver is usually a relative or friend who may or may not live in the same house as the person they are caring for. A formal caregiver, such as a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000269445/" class="def">nurse</a>, is paid and has training to care for a patient. Informal and formal caregivers help people with cancer during and after treatment in many ways.</p></div><div id="CDR0000682690__120"><h3>Caregivers often provide care for cancer patients. </h3><p id="CDR0000682690__122">Being a caregiver means helping with the daily needs of another person. They may do the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000682690__123"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Give personal care, such as bathing, dressing or shaving.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Help with medical care, such as changing a bandage or giving an <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044678/" class="def">injection</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Do household chores, such as cleaning, cooking, or laundry.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Go to doctor visits and pick up <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000482419/" class="def">medicine</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Visit often.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Give emotional and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000441265/" class="def">spiritual</a> support.</div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000682690__124">Caregiving can also be long-distance, such making appointments and planning care and services by phone or email.</p></div></div><div id="CDR0000682690__179"><h2 id="_CDR0000682690__179_">Needs of Informal Caregivers</h2><div id="CDR0000682690__179.kp" class="box"><h4><span class="title">Key Points for This Section</span></h4><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000682690__180">Caregiver’s needs change over time.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000682690__183">Caregivers may have questions about treatment and side effects, how to find helpful resources, and ways to practice self-care.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000682690__187">Caregivers also have emotional, social, and financial demands.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000682690__191">Caregivers may have some unmet needs when the patient becomes a cancer survivor.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000682690__195">The end of life of a cancer patient increases caregiver distress.</a></div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000682690__180"><h3>Caregiver’s needs change over time.</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__182">The needs of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000648947/" class="def">caregivers</a> change as the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> patient goes from <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046171/" class="def">screening</a> to <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046450/" class="def">diagnosis</a>, to treatment, and to either long-term <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000445089/" class="def">survivorship</a> or the end of life. Worry and the need for information are two demands that most caregivers have during the patient’s cancer journey.</p></div><div id="CDR0000682690__183"><h3>Caregivers may have questions about treatment and side effects, how to find helpful resources, and ways to practice self-care.</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__185">One of the demands caregivers have is the need for information. They may ask the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000650566/" class="def">health care provider</a> about the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000682690__186"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>The cancer: What can you tell me about the type of cancer he/she has?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Risks and benefits: What are the risks and benefits of treatment?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046580/" class="def">Side effects</a>: How do I take care of his/her side effects while at home?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Medical and nursing tasks: How do I give an <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044678/" class="def">injection</a>? How do I set up the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000390298/" class="def">tube feedings</a>?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454708/" class="def">Recovery</a>: How long will it take him/her to recover?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044964/" class="def">Complementary and alternative therapies</a>: Do I need to check with you before he/she uses a complementary and alternative (CAM) therapy? What CAM therapies are useful?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Care for themselves: What are the best ways I can care for myself while caregiving?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Emotions felt by patients and caregivers: What are some ways we can deal with what we are feeling?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Local community-based resources: What are some local resources I can turn to?</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000682690__187"><h3>Caregivers also have emotional, social, and financial demands.</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__189">Caregivers may need support for themselves, including help with the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000682690__190"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Managing their fears about the cancer patient’s <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000651193/" class="def">condition</a> and worry about the future.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Keeping up with their job.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Finding time for their friends.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Paying their bills.</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000682690__191"><h3>Caregivers may have some unmet needs when the patient becomes a cancer survivor.</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__193">When the cancer patient becomes a cancer <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000450125/" class="def">survivor</a> the needs of a caregiver decrease, but there may be concerns that continue. Some caregivers of cancer survivors worry about the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000682690__194"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>If the cancer will come back.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>How to reduce <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000450122/" class="def">stress</a> in the survivor’s life.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>How to understand the survivor’s experience.</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000682690__195"><h3>The end of life of a cancer patient increases caregiver distress.</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__197">Caregivers of patients who are nearing the end of life often have lower than expected mental and physical <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045417/" class="def">quality of life</a>. Caregiver distress and the number of unmet needs increase as the patient’s end of life gets close.</p><p id="CDR0000682690__198"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044182/" class="def">Hospice</a> care can provide much needed support to caregivers as well as cancer patients. Caregivers are often relieved by the higher quality of end-of-life care in hospice and the honoring of the patients’ goals.</p></div></div><div id="CDR0000682690__130"><h2 id="_CDR0000682690__130_">Burdens of Being an Informal Caregiver</h2><div id="CDR0000682690__130.kp" class="box"><h4><span class="title">Key Points for This Section</span></h4><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000682690__131">Caregivers may find it hard to cope with the emotional and physical aspects of caring for someone with cancer.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000682690__134">Caregivers may feel burdened when caring for cancer patients.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000682690__138">Caregiver burden may be increased by certain factors, such as gender and age.</a></div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000682690__131"><h3>Caregivers may find it hard to cope with the emotional and physical aspects of caring for someone with cancer.</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__133">It is easy to become overwhelmed as a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000648947/" class="def">caregiver</a>. Caregivers may worry after hearing the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a>
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<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046450/" class="def">diagnosis</a> or that cancer has come back. It can be hard to give support and stay positive if there is uncertainty about the patient’s future or the patient is suffering. Keeping up with the practical aspects of patient care, such as household chores and medical appointments, while also working, can be hard for the caregiver to balance. The patient also worries about these things, but the top concern of the patient and caregiver may not be the same, which may cause added <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000450122/" class="def">stress</a>.</p></div><div id="CDR0000682690__134"><h3>Caregivers may feel burdened when caring for cancer patients.</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__136">Caregiver burden is the stress or strain felt by the person who cares for the family member or friend who needs help during a treatment or an illness. A burden is felt when the demands of caregiving are greater than the resources available to them. These demands can lead to negative effects of caregiving such as:</p><ul id="CDR0000682690__137"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000430405/" class="def">Anxiety</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000430479/" class="def">Depression</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000440112/" class="def">Post-traumatic stress disorder</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Decline in <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045417/" class="def">quality of life</a>.</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000682690__138"><h3>Caregiver burden may be increased by certain factors, such as gender and age.</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__140">The following factors may increase caregiver burden:</p><ul id="CDR0000682690__141"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Female gender.</b> Women are more likely to have caregiver burden.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Age.</b> Caregiver burden can occur at any age but increases for the younger and older caregivers.<ul id="CDR0000682690__142"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Older caregivers.</b> Older caregivers are at risk for caregiver burden when they have the following <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000651193/" class="def">conditions</a>:<ul id="CDR0000682690__143"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Health problems of their own that they neglect.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Fixed incomes.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Small <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000440116/" class="def">social support</a> networks.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Less time to exercise.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Trouble remembering to take their own <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000482419/" class="def">medicines</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000321374/" class="def">Fatigue</a> from lack of sleep.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>It is common that caregiving by older people may lead to depression, poor health, and even death.</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Middle-aged caregivers.</b> Middle-aged caregivers may often have to miss all or part of their workday. Some may even need to take a leave of absence.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Younger caregivers.</b> Younger caregivers often juggle work and their own family duties. They may also have to give up part of their social lives.</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Race and ethnicity.</b> People of different races and cultures approach caregiving in their own way.<ul id="CDR0000682690__144"><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Asian American.</b> Asian American caregivers often provide more caregiving hours than white, African American, and Hispanic caregivers. They also use less support services, tend to have fewer financial resources, lower levels of education, and higher levels of depression than other groups of caregivers.</div><div class="half_rhythm">Asian Americans may not talk about death or dying because they believe it is bad luck. This can make it hard for healthcare providers to discuss <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045849/" class="def">prognosis</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044182/" class="def">hospice</a> care with them. Keeping a cancer diagnosis secret from the patient and not talking about it can add to a caregiver’s sense of burden and duty.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Hispanic and African American.</b> Hispanic and African American caregivers often have strong family ties, which may prevent them from seeking help outside of their family. As a result, they may not use local health resources, including <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000450098/" class="def">counseling</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045917/" class="def">support groups</a>, home care, long-term care, and hospice services. They usually have higher levels of caregiver strain, a lower household income, and are more likely to reduce their work hours than reported by white caregivers.</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Socioeconomic status.</b> Socioeconomic status is the social standing or class of someone that is measured by a person’s education, income, and job. People with a lower socioeconomic status may have less access to resources and financial help. Lower incomes and limited financial options may cause patients to make treatment-related choices that are not the same as their doctor <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044711/" class="def">prescribed</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Employment.</b> Caregivers may need to make changes in the hours they work at their job, make changes in their duties, or take paid or unpaid time off. Work progress may suffer when a caregiver is not focused and can lead to anxiety and depression. Women who have a job are more likely to feel burdened.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Role strain.</b> Other roles a caregiver may have include spouse, parent, child, friend, employee, or student. Role strain happens when the rights, duties, and behaviors of one role conflict with a different role. When caregivers perform more than one role, they may become stressed. However, many roles do not always lead to stress. For example, when a caregiver goes to work, they may benefit from the support of their employer and coworkers, and from the time away from caregiving.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Site of care.</b> Caregivers may have more burden when the cancer patient leaves the hospital and comes home. The caregiver now must help manage the patient’s <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045022/" class="def">symptoms</a> and may be unsure about the prognosis or if the cancer can spread. Visits by home health <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000269445/" class="def">nurses</a> can help reduce this burden. Sudden changes in site of care, such as going back to the hospital, also increase caregiver burden.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="CDR0000682690__167"><h2 id="_CDR0000682690__167_">Ways to Reduce Informal Caregiver Burden and Increase Personal Growth</h2><div id="CDR0000682690__167.kp" class="box"><h4><span class="title">Key Points for This Section</span></h4><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000682690__168">There are many ways to help decrease caregiver burden.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000682690__199">Caregivers may find benefits from caregiving.</a></div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000682690__168"><h3>There are many ways to help decrease caregiver burden.</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__170">The following <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044737/" class="def">therapies</a> or skills may prevent or reduce <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000648947/" class="def">caregiver</a> burden:</p><ul id="CDR0000682690__171"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000650559/" class="def">Cognitive behavioral therapy</a>.</b> A type of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044737/" class="def">therapy</a> that helps change the way a caregiver thinks and feels about certain things.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044964/" class="def">Complementary and/or alternative therapies</a>.</b> Many options, such as <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000689577/" class="def">guided imagery</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454761/" class="def">massage therapy</a>, or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000484441/" class="def">healing touch</a>, are available to help caregivers manage <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000450122/" class="def">stress</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000430405/" class="def">anxiety</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Family/couples therapy.</b>
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<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000450098/" class="def">Counseling</a> that helps families work through problems in a way that makes the family stronger.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Interpersonal therapy.</b> One-on-one counseling that focuses on your relationships with other people to reduce caregiver burden.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Problem solving/skill building.</b> Helping the caregiver develop skills that include the following:<ul id="CDR0000682690__172"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Ability to assess and manage the patient’s <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045022/" class="def">symptoms</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Identify solutions to caregiving problems.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Enhance the caregiver’s ability to <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454700/" class="def">cope</a> with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> caregiving roles and duties.</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Psychoeducational.</b> Providing caregivers with information about the following to help them better cope with their new role:<ul id="CDR0000682690__173"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046450/" class="def">Diagnosis</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045849/" class="def">Prognosis</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Coping.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Self-care/home care.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Impact on partners and family.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Hospital care.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044671/" class="def">Follow-up</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454708/" class="def">recovery</a>.</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000269448/" class="def">Palliative care</a>.</b> Using palliative care to improve the patient’s <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045417/" class="def">quality of life</a>. When the patient’s quality of life is improved, the caregiver often feels less burdened.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Supportive therapy.</b> A type of therapy that addresses the emotional needs of caregivers.</div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000682690__174">While the caregiver can try most of these therapies or skills at any time during the cancer patient’s journey, it is most helpful to have them when the cancer patient is given palliative care or at the end of life to help reduce the burden of the caregiver.</p></div><div id="CDR0000682690__199"><h3>Caregivers may find benefits from caregiving.</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__201">Being caregiver to a person with cancer can lead to personal growth. Reducing caregiver burden increases the positive effects of caregiving that often lead to personal growth in the following areas:</p><ul id="CDR0000682690__202"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Acceptance.</b> Adjusting to things that cannot change.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Family.</b> Feeling a closer bond with family.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Appreciation.</b> Being aware of love and support and having a greater joy of life.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Reprioritization.</b> Arranging life priorities in a new order of importance.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Increased faith.</b> Having a greater sense of closeness to God and renewed <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000441265/" class="def">spiritual</a> practices.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Empathy.</b> Understanding and feeling what others feel.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Positive self-view.</b> Feeling good about self.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b>Better health habits.</b> Eating a healthy <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044660/" class="def">diet</a>, getting more exercise, and keeping up with medical check-ups.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="CDR0000682690__113"><h2 id="_CDR0000682690__113_">To Learn More About Caregiving</h2><p id="CDR0000682690__114">For more information from the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044266/" class="def">National Cancer Institute</a>
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about caregiving, see the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000682690__175"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/coping/caregiver-support" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Support for Caregivers of Cancer Patients</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/caregiverhealth.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Caregiver Health</a></div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_1"><h2 id="_CDR0000682690__AboutThis_1_">About This PDQ Summary</h2><div id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_2"><h3>About PDQ</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_3">Physician Data Query (PDQ) is the National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) comprehensive cancer information database. The PDQ database contains summaries of the latest published information on cancer prevention, detection, genetics, treatment, supportive care, and complementary and alternative medicine. Most summaries come in two versions. The health professional versions have detailed information written in technical language. The patient versions are written in easy-to-understand, nontechnical language. Both versions have cancer information that is accurate and up to date and most versions are also available in <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/espanol/publicaciones/pdq" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Spanish</a>.</p><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_4">PDQ is a service of the NCI. The NCI is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NIH is the federal government’s center of biomedical research. The PDQ summaries are based on an independent review of the medical literature. They are not policy statements of the NCI or the NIH.</p></div><div id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_5"><h3>Purpose of This Summary</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_6">This PDQ cancer information summary has current information about challenges and helpful interventions for caregivers of cancer patients. It is meant to inform and help patients, families, and caregivers. It does not give formal guidelines or recommendations for making decisions about health care.</p></div><div id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_7"><h3>Reviewers and Updates</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_8">Editorial Boards write the PDQ cancer information summaries and keep them up to date. These Boards are made up of experts in cancer treatment and other specialties related to cancer. The summaries are reviewed regularly and changes are made when there is new information. The date on each summary ("Updated") is the date of the most recent change.
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</p><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_9">The information in this patient summary was taken from the health professional version, which is reviewed regularly and updated as needed, by the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/publications/pdq/editorial-boards/supportive-care" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board</a>.
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</p></div><div id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_10"><h3>Clinical Trial Information</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_11">A clinical trial is a study to answer a scientific question, such as whether one treatment is better than another. Trials are based on past studies and what has been learned in the laboratory. Each trial answers certain scientific questions in order to find new and better ways to help cancer patients. During treatment clinical trials, information is collected about the effects of a new treatment and how well it works. If a clinical trial shows that a new treatment is better than one currently being used, the new treatment may become "standard." Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. Some clinical trials are open only to patients who have not started treatment.
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</p><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_12">Clinical trials can be found online at <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">NCI's website</a>. For more information, call the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/contact/contact-center" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Cancer Information Service</a> (CIS), NCI's contact center, at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).
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</p></div><div id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_13"><h3>Permission to Use This Summary</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_14">PDQ is a registered trademark. The content of PDQ documents can be used freely as text. It cannot be identified as an NCI PDQ cancer information summary unless the whole summary is shown and it is updated regularly. However, a user would be allowed to write a sentence such as “NCI’s PDQ cancer information summary about breast cancer prevention states the risks in the following way: [include excerpt from the summary].”
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</p><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_15">The best way to cite this PDQ summary is:</p><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_21">PDQ® Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board. PDQ Informal Caregivers in Cancer. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute. Updated <MM/DD/YYYY>. Available at: <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/coping/family-friends/family-caregivers-pdq" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/coping/family-friends/family-caregivers-pdq</a>. Accessed <MM/DD/YYYY>. [PMID: 26389372]</p><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_16">Images in this summary are used with permission of the author(s), artist, and/or publisher for use in the PDQ summaries only. If you want to use an image from a PDQ summary and you are not using the whole summary, you must get permission from the owner. It cannot be given by the National Cancer Institute. Information about using the images in this summary, along with many other images related to cancer can be found in <a href="https://visualsonline.cancer.gov/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Visuals Online</a>. Visuals Online is a collection of more than 3,000 scientific images.
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</p></div><div id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_17"><h3>Disclaimer</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_18">The information in these summaries should not be used to make decisions about insurance reimbursement. More information on insurance coverage is available on Cancer.gov on the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Managing Cancer Care</a> page.</p></div><div id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_19"><h3>Contact Us</h3><p id="CDR0000682690__AboutThis_20">More information about contacting us or receiving help with the Cancer.gov website can be found on our <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/contact" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Contact Us for Help</a> page. Questions can also be submitted to Cancer.gov through the website’s <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/contact/email-us" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">E-mail Us</a>.</p></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="post-content"><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK65934</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26389372" title="PubMed record of this page" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">26389372</a></span></div></div></div>
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<div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Views</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PDF_download" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="/books/NBK65934.2/?report=reader">PubReader</a></li><li><a href="/books/NBK65934.2/?report=printable">Print View</a></li><li><a data-jig="ncbidialog" href="#_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK65934" data-jigconfig="width:400,modal:true">Cite this Page</a><div id="_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK65934" style="display:none" title="Cite this Page"><div class="bk_tt">PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board. Informal Caregivers in Cancer (PDQ®): Patient Version. 2020 Jul 29. In: PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002-. <span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></div></div></li><li><a href="#" class="toggle-glossary-link" title="Enable/disable links to the glossary">Disable Glossary Links</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Version History</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter shutter_closed" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="version_history" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content" style="display: none;"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65934.8/">NBK65934.8</a></span> March 25, 2024</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65934.7/">NBK65934.7</a></span> September 13, 2023</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65934.6/">NBK65934.6</a></span> August 16, 2023</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65934.5/">NBK65934.5</a></span> May 11, 2022</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65934.4/">NBK65934.4</a></span> January 4, 2022</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65934.3/">NBK65934.3</a></span> July 29, 2021</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm">NBK65934.2</span> July 29, 2020 (Displayed Version)</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65934.1/">NBK65934.1</a></span> July 14, 2015</li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>In this Page</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="page-toc" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="#CDR0000682690__3" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Roles of Informal Caregivers</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000682690__179" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Needs of Informal Caregivers</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000682690__130" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Burdens of Being an Informal Caregiver</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000682690__167" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Ways to Reduce Informal Caregiver Burden and Increase Personal Growth</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000682690__113" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">To Learn More About Caregiving</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000682690__AboutThis_1" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">About This PDQ Summary</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Related publications</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="document-links" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul 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