522 lines
No EOL
94 KiB
HTML
522 lines
No EOL
94 KiB
HTML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
|
|
|
|
<head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
|
<!-- AppResources meta begin -->
|
|
<meta name="paf-app-resources" content="" />
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">var ncbi_startTime = new Date();</script>
|
|
|
|
<!-- AppResources meta end -->
|
|
|
|
<!-- TemplateResources meta begin -->
|
|
<meta name="paf_template" content="" />
|
|
|
|
<!-- TemplateResources meta end -->
|
|
|
|
<!-- Logger begin -->
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_db" content="books" /><meta name="ncbi_pdid" content="book-part" /><meta name="ncbi_acc" content="NBK65853" /><meta name="ncbi_domain" content="pdqcis" /><meta name="ncbi_report" content="record" /><meta name="ncbi_type" content="fulltext" /><meta name="ncbi_objectid" content="" /><meta name="ncbi_pcid" content="/NBK65853.4/" /><meta name="ncbi_pagename" content="Lymphedema (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries - NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="ncbi_bookparttype" content="chapter" /><meta name="ncbi_app" content="bookshelf" />
|
|
<!-- Logger end -->
|
|
|
|
<title>Lymphedema (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
|
|
|
|
<!-- AppResources external_resources begin -->
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/core/jig/1.15.2/css/jig.min.css" /><script type="text/javascript" src="/core/jig/1.15.2/js/jig.min.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
<!-- AppResources external_resources end -->
|
|
|
|
<!-- Page meta begin -->
|
|
<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE" /><meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]" /><meta name="citation_title" content="Lymphedema (PDQ®)" /><meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Cancer Institute (US)" /><meta name="citation_date" content="2021/08/23" /><meta name="citation_author" content="PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board" /><meta name="citation_pmid" content="26389292" /><meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65853/" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="lymphedema" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="lymphedema" /><link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="Lymphedema (PDQ®)" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Cancer Institute (US)" /><meta name="DC.Contributor" content="PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board" /><meta name="DC.Date" content="2021/08/23" /><meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65853/" /><meta name="description" content="Lymphedema (the build-up of lymph fluid in tissues causing swelling) can have significant negative effects on function and quality of life. Learn about ways to prevent and treat it with exercise, compression, laser and drug therapy, surgery, massage, and more in this expert-reviewed summary." /><meta name="og:title" content="Lymphedema (PDQ®)" /><meta name="og:type" content="book" /><meta name="og:description" content="Lymphedema (the build-up of lymph fluid in tissues causing swelling) can have significant negative effects on function and quality of life. Learn about ways to prevent and treat it with exercise, compression, laser and drug therapy, surgery, massage, and more in this expert-reviewed summary." /><meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65853/" /><meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-pdqcis-lrg.png" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /><meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks" /><meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/pdqcis/CDR0000062799/" /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65853/" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/figpopup.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_print.min.css" type="text/css" media="print" /><style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} .body-content h2, .body-content .h2 {border-bottom: 1px solid #97B0C8} .body-content h2.inline {border-bottom: none} a.page-toc-label , .jig-ncbismoothscroll a {text-decoration:none;border:0 !important} .temp-labeled-list .graphic {display:inline-block !important} .temp-labeled-list img{width:100%}</style><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.hoverIntent.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/common.min.js?_=3.18"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/large-obj-scrollbars.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript">window.name="mainwindow";</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/book-toc.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/books.min.js"> </script><meta name="book-collection" content="NONE" />
|
|
|
|
<!-- Page meta end -->
|
|
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/favicon.ico" /><meta name="ncbi_phid" content="CE8EE5B57C9882810000000000400031.m_13" />
|
|
<meta name='referrer' content='origin-when-cross-origin'/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/css/3852956/3985586/3808861/4121862/3974050/3917732/251717/4216701/14534/45193/4113719/3849091/3984811/3751656/4033350/3840896/3577051/3852958/4008682/4207974/4206132/4062871/12930/3964959/3854974/36029/4128070/9685/3549676/3609192/3609193/3609213/3395586.css" /><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/css/3411343/3882866.css" media="print" /></head>
|
|
<body class="book-part">
|
|
<div class="grid">
|
|
<div class="col twelve_col nomargin shadow">
|
|
<!-- System messages like service outage or JS required; this is handled by the TemplateResources portlet -->
|
|
<div class="sysmessages">
|
|
<noscript>
|
|
<p class="nojs">
|
|
<strong>Warning:</strong>
|
|
The NCBI web site requires JavaScript to function.
|
|
<a href="/guide/browsers/#enablejs" title="Learn how to enable JavaScript" target="_blank">more...</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</noscript>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!--/.sysmessage-->
|
|
<div class="wrap">
|
|
<div class="page">
|
|
<div class="top">
|
|
<div id="universal_header">
|
|
<section class="usa-banner">
|
|
<div class="usa-accordion">
|
|
<header class="usa-banner-header">
|
|
<div class="usa-grid usa-banner-inner">
|
|
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png" alt="U.S. flag" />
|
|
<p>An official website of the United States government</p>
|
|
<button class="non-usa-accordion-button usa-banner-button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-top" type="button">
|
|
<span class="usa-banner-button-text">Here's how you know</span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</header>
|
|
<div class="usa-banner-content usa-grid usa-accordion-content" id="gov-banner-top" aria-hidden="true">
|
|
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-gov usa-width-one-half">
|
|
<img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" alt="Dot gov" />
|
|
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<strong>The .gov means it's official.</strong>
|
|
<br />
|
|
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before
|
|
sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal
|
|
government site.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-ssl usa-width-one-half">
|
|
<img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg" alt="Https" />
|
|
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<strong>The site is secure.</strong>
|
|
<br />
|
|
The <strong>https://</strong> ensures that you are connecting to the
|
|
official website and that any information you provide is encrypted
|
|
and transmitted securely.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
<div class="usa-overlay"></div>
|
|
<header class="ncbi-header" role="banner" data-section="Header">
|
|
|
|
<div class="usa-grid">
|
|
<div class="usa-width-one-whole">
|
|
|
|
<div class="ncbi-header__logo">
|
|
<a href="/" class="logo" aria-label="NCBI Logo" data-ga-action="click_image" data-ga-label="NIH NLM Logo">
|
|
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg" alt="NIH NLM Logo" />
|
|
</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="ncbi-header__account">
|
|
<a id="account_login" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-button header-button" style="display:none" data-ga-action="open_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu">Log in</a>
|
|
<button id="account_info" class="header-button" style="display:none" aria-controls="account_popup" type="button">
|
|
<span class="fa fa-user" aria-hidden="true">
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="20px" height="20px">
|
|
<g style="fill: #fff">
|
|
<ellipse cx="12" cy="8" rx="5" ry="6"></ellipse>
|
|
<path d="M21.8,19.1c-0.9-1.8-2.6-3.3-4.8-4.2c-0.6-0.2-1.3-0.2-1.8,0.1c-1,0.6-2,0.9-3.2,0.9s-2.2-0.3-3.2-0.9 C8.3,14.8,7.6,14.7,7,15c-2.2,0.9-3.9,2.4-4.8,4.2C1.5,20.5,2.6,22,4.1,22h15.8C21.4,22,22.5,20.5,21.8,19.1z"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</svg>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<span class="username desktop-only" aria-hidden="true" id="uname_short"></span>
|
|
<span class="sr-only">Show account info</span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="ncbi-popup-anchor">
|
|
<div class="ncbi-popup account-popup" id="account_popup" aria-hidden="true">
|
|
<div class="ncbi-popup-head">
|
|
<button class="ncbi-close-button" data-ga-action="close_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu" type="button">
|
|
<span class="fa fa-times">
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 48 48" width="24px" height="24px">
|
|
<path d="M38 12.83l-2.83-2.83-11.17 11.17-11.17-11.17-2.83 2.83 11.17 11.17-11.17 11.17 2.83 2.83 11.17-11.17 11.17 11.17 2.83-2.83-11.17-11.17z"></path>
|
|
</svg>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<span class="usa-sr-only">Close</span></button>
|
|
<h4>Account</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="account-user-info">
|
|
Logged in as:<br />
|
|
<b><span class="username" id="uname_long">username</span></b>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="account-links">
|
|
<ul class="usa-unstyled-list">
|
|
<li><a id="account_myncbi" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_myncbi">Dashboard</a></li>
|
|
<li><a id="account_pubs" href="/myncbi/collections/bibliography/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_pubs">Publications</a></li>
|
|
<li><a id="account_settings" href="/account/settings/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_settings">Account settings</a></li>
|
|
<li><a id="account_logout" href="/account/signout/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_logout">Log out</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</header>
|
|
<div role="navigation" aria-label="access keys">
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_0" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="0" tabindex="-1">Access keys</a>
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_1" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="1" tabindex="-1">NCBI Homepage</a>
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_2" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url usa-sr-only" accesskey="2" tabindex="-1">MyNCBI Homepage</a>
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_3" href="#maincontent" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="3" tabindex="-1">Main Content</a>
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_4" href="#" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="4" tabindex="-1">Main Navigation</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<section data-section="Alerts">
|
|
<div class="ncbi-alerts-placeholder"></div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="header">
|
|
<div class="res_logo"><h1 class="res_name"><a href="/books/" title="Bookshelf home">Bookshelf</a></h1><h2 class="res_tagline"></h2></div>
|
|
<div class="search"><form method="get" action="/books/"><div class="search_form"><label for="database" class="offscreen_noflow">Search database</label><select id="database"><optgroup label="Recent"><option value="books" selected="selected" data-ac_dict="bookshelf-search">Books</option><option value="nlmcatalog">NLM Catalog</option><option value="pcsubstance">PubChem Substance</option><option value="pubmed" class="last">PubMed</option></optgroup><optgroup label="All"><option value="gquery">All Databases</option><option value="assembly">Assembly</option><option value="biocollections">Biocollections</option><option value="bioproject">BioProject</option><option value="biosample">BioSample</option><option value="books" data-ac_dict="bookshelf-search">Books</option><option value="clinvar">ClinVar</option><option value="cdd">Conserved Domains</option><option value="gap">dbGaP</option><option value="dbvar">dbVar</option><option value="gene">Gene</option><option value="genome">Genome</option><option value="gds">GEO DataSets</option><option value="geoprofiles">GEO Profiles</option><option value="gtr">GTR</option><option value="ipg">Identical Protein Groups</option><option value="medgen">MedGen</option><option value="mesh">MeSH</option><option value="nlmcatalog">NLM Catalog</option><option value="nuccore">Nucleotide</option><option value="omim">OMIM</option><option value="pmc">PMC</option><option value="protein">Protein</option><option value="proteinclusters">Protein Clusters</option><option value="protfam">Protein Family Models</option><option value="pcassay">PubChem BioAssay</option><option value="pccompound">PubChem Compound</option><option value="pcsubstance">PubChem Substance</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="snp">SNP</option><option value="sra">SRA</option><option value="structure">Structure</option><option value="taxonomy">Taxonomy</option><option value="toolkit">ToolKit</option><option value="toolkitall">ToolKitAll</option><option value="toolkitbookgh">ToolKitBookgh</option></optgroup></select><div class="nowrap"><label for="term" class="offscreen_noflow" accesskey="/">Search term</label><div class="nowrap"><input type="text" name="term" id="term" title="Search Books. Use up and down arrows to choose an item from the autocomplete." value="" class="jig-ncbiclearbutton jig-ncbiautocomplete" data-jigconfig="dictionary:'bookshelf-search',disableUrl:'NcbiSearchBarAutoComplCtrl'" autocomplete="off" data-sbconfig="ds:'no',pjs:'no',afs:'no'" /></div><button id="search" type="submit" class="button_search nowrap" cmd="go">Search</button></div></div></form><ul class="searchlinks inline_list"><li>
|
|
<a href="/books/browse/">Browse Titles</a>
|
|
</li><li>
|
|
<a href="/books/advanced/">Advanced</a>
|
|
</li><li class="help">
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK3833/">Help</a>
|
|
</li><li class="disclaimer">
|
|
<a target="_blank" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="link_click" data-ga-label="disclaimer_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/about/disclaimer/">Disclaimer</a>
|
|
</li></ul></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!--<component id="Page" label="headcontent"/>-->
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<!-- site messages -->
|
|
<!-- Custom content 1 -->
|
|
<div class="col1">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="container">
|
|
<div id="maincontent" class="content eight_col col">
|
|
<!-- Custom content in the left column above book nav -->
|
|
<div class="col2">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Book content -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom content between navigation and content -->
|
|
<div class="col3">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="document">
|
|
<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002-. </p></div><div class="iconblock clearfix whole_rhythm no_top_margin bk_noprnt"><a class="img_link icnblk_img" title="Table of Contents Page" href="/books/n/pdqcis/"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-pdqcis-lrg.png" alt="Cover of PDQ Cancer Information Summaries" height="100px" width="80px" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt eight_col"><h2>PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet].</h2><a data-jig="ncbitoggler" href="#__NBK65853_dtls__">Show details</a><div style="display:none" class="ui-widget" id="__NBK65853_dtls__"><div>Bethesda (MD): <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Cancer Institute (US)</a>; 2002-.</div></div><div class="half_rhythm"></div><div class="bk_noprnt"><form method="get" action="/books/n/pdqcis/" id="bk_srch"><div class="bk_search"><label for="bk_term" class="offscreen_noflow">Search term</label><input type="text" title="Search this book" id="bk_term" name="term" value="" data-jig="ncbiclearbutton" /> <input type="submit" class="jig-ncbibutton" value="Search this book" submit="false" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;" /></div></form></div></div></div></div></div>
|
|
<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK65853_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Lymphedema (PDQ®)</span></h1><div class="subtitle whole_rhythm">Patient Version</div><p class="contrib-group"><span itemprop="author">PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board</span>.</p><p class="small">Published online: August 23, 2021.</p></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><div id="_abs_rndgid_" itemprop="description"><p id="CDR0000062799__203">This PDQ cancer information summary has current information about the causes and treatment of lymphedema. It is meant to inform and help patients, families, and caregivers. It does not give formal guidelines or recommendations for making decisions about health care.</p><p id="CDR0000062799__204">Editorial Boards write the PDQ cancer information summaries and keep them up to date. These Boards are made up of experts in cancer treatment and other specialties related to cancer. The summaries are reviewed regularly and changes are made when there is new information. The date on each summary ("Date Last Modified") is the date of the most recent change. The information in this patient summary was taken from the health professional version, which is reviewed regularly and updated as needed, by the PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__1"><h2 id="_CDR0000062799__1_">General Information About Lymphedema</h2><div id="CDR0000062799__1.kp" class="box"><h4><span class="title">Key Points for This Section</span></h4><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__2">Lymphedema is the build-up of fluid in soft body tissues when the lymph system is damaged or blocked. </a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__163">The lymph system is a network of lymph vessels, tissues, and organs that carry lymph throughout the body. </a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__168">Lymphedema occurs when lymph is not able to flow through the body the way that it should.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__152">There are two types of lymphedema.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__14">Possible signs of lymphedema include swelling of the arms or legs.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__48">Cancer and its treatment are risk factors for lymphedema. </a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__18">Tests that examine the lymph system are used to diagnose lymphedema.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__54">Stages may be used to describe lymphedema. </a></div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000062799__2"><h3>Lymphedema is the build-up of fluid in soft body tissues when the lymph system is damaged or blocked. </h3><p id="CDR0000062799__4"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045359/" class="def">Lymphedema</a> occurs when the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045764/" class="def">lymph system</a> is damaged or blocked. <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044669/" class="def">Fluid</a> builds up in <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045882/" class="def">soft body tissues</a> and causes swelling. It is a common problem that may be caused by <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> and cancer treatment. Lymphedema usually affects an arm or leg, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Lymphedema can cause long-term physical, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454766/" class="def">psychological</a>, and social problems for patients.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__163"><h3>The lymph system is a network of lymph vessels, tissues, and organs that carry lymph throughout the body. </h3><p id="CDR0000062799__165">The parts of the lymph system that play a direct part in lymphedema include the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000062799__205"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046305/" class="def">Lymph</a>: Colorless, watery fluid that travels through the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000269462/" class="def">lymph vessels</a> and carries <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000467345/" class="def">T</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044953/" class="def">B lymphocytes</a>. <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045765/" class="def">Lymphocytes</a> are a type of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045993/" class="def">white blood cell</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lymph vessels: A network of thin tubes that collect lymph from different parts of the body and return it to the bloodstream.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045762/" class="def">Lymph nodes</a>: Small, bean-shaped structures that filter lymph and store white blood cells that help fight <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045364/" class="def">infection</a> and disease. Lymph nodes are found along a network of lymph vessels throughout the body. Groups of lymph nodes are found in the neck, underarm, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046288/" class="def">mediastinum</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045070/" class="def">abdomen</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046246/" class="def">pelvis</a>, and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046375/" class="def">groin</a>.</div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000062799__167">The <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046593/" class="def">spleen</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046616/" class="def">thymus</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046618/" class="def">tonsils</a>, and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045622/" class="def">bone marrow</a> are also part of the lymph system but do not play a direct part in lymphedema.<div id="CDR0000062799__182" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Anatomy%20of%20the%20lymph%20system%20showing%20the%20lymph%20vessels%20and%20lymph%20organs%2C%20including%20the%20lymph%20nodes%2C%20tonsils%2C%20thymus%2C%20spleen%2C%20and%20bone%20marrow&p=BOOKS&id=573283_CDR0000661751.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img src="/books/NBK65853.4/bin/CDR0000661751.jpg" alt="Lymph system; drawing shows the lymph vessels and lymph organs, including the lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus, spleen, and bone marrow. One inset shows the inside structure of a lymph node and the attached lymph vessels with arrows showing how the lymph (clear fluid) moves into and out of the lymph node. Another inset shows a close up of bone marrow with blood cells." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><div class="caption"><p>Anatomy of the lymph system showing the lymph vessels and lymph organs, including the lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus, spleen, and bone marrow. Lymph (clear fluid) and lymphocytes travel through the lymph vessels and into the lymph nodes where the lymphocytes destroy harmful substances. The lymph enters the blood through a large vein near the heart.</p></div></div></p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__168"><h3>Lymphedema occurs when lymph is not able to flow through the body the way that it should.</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__170">When the lymph system is working as it should, lymph flows through the body and is returned to the bloodstream.</p><ul id="CDR0000062799__171"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Fluid and plasma leak out of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000415542/" class="def">capillaries</a> (smallest <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045020/" class="def">blood vessels</a>) and flow around body tissues so the cells can take up <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044697/" class="def">nutrients</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000538149/" class="def">oxygen</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Some of this fluid goes back into the bloodstream. The rest of the fluid enters the lymph system through tiny lymph vessels. These lymph vessels pick up the lymph and move it toward the heart. The lymph is slowly moved through larger and larger lymph vessels and passes through lymph nodes where waste is filtered from the lymph.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>The lymph keeps moving through the lymph system and collects near the neck, then flows into one of two large <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046441/" class="def">ducts</a>:<dl id="CDR0000062799__172" class="temp-labeled-list"><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">The right lymph duct collects lymph from the right arm and the right side of the head and chest. </p></dd><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">The left lymph duct collects lymph from both legs, the left arm, and the left side of the head and chest. </p></dd></dl></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>These large ducts empty into veins under the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044655/" class="def">collarbones</a>, which carry the lymph to the heart, where it is returned to the bloodstream. </div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000062799__173">When part of the lymph system is damaged or blocked, fluid cannot drain from nearby body tissues. Fluid builds up in the tissues and causes swelling.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__152"><h3>There are two types of lymphedema.</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__13">Lymphedema may be either primary or secondary:
|
|
</p><ul id="CDR0000062799__40"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Primary lymphedema is caused by the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044636/" class="def">abnormal</a> development of the lymph system. <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045022/" class="def">Symptoms</a> may occur at birth or later in life.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Secondary lymphedema is caused by damage to the lymph system. The lymph system may be damaged or blocked by infection, injury, cancer, removal of lymph nodes, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045072/" class="def">radiation</a> to the affected area, or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000640078/" class="def">scar tissue</a> from <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044971/" class="def">radiation therapy</a> or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045570/" class="def">surgery</a>.</div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000062799__41">This summary is about secondary lymphedema in adults that is caused by cancer or cancer treatment. </p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__14"><h3>Possible signs of lymphedema include swelling of the arms or legs.</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__16">Other <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000651193/" class="def">conditions</a> may cause the same symptoms. A doctor should be consulted if any of the following problems occur:</p><ul id="CDR0000062799__17"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Swelling of an arm or leg, which may include fingers and toes.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A full or heavy feeling in an arm or leg.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A tight feeling in the skin.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Trouble moving a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000458080/" class="def">joint</a> in the arm or leg.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Thickening of the skin, with or without skin changes such as blisters or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046652/" class="def">warts</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A feeling of tightness when wearing clothing, shoes, bracelets, watches, or rings.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Itching of the legs or toes.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A burning feeling in the legs.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Trouble sleeping.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Loss of hair. </div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000062799__150">Daily activities and the ability to work or enjoy hobbies may be affected by lymphedema.
|
|
</p><p id="CDR0000062799__181">These symptoms may occur very slowly over time or more quickly if there is an infection or injury to the arm or leg.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__48"><h3>Cancer and its treatment are risk factors for lymphedema. </h3><p id="CDR0000062799__50">Lymphedema can occur after any cancer or treatment that affects the flow of lymph through the lymph nodes, such as removal of lymph nodes. It may develop within days or many years after treatment. Most lymphedema develops within three years of surgery. <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045873/" class="def">Risk factors</a> for lymphedema include the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000062799__53"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Removal and/or radiation of lymph nodes in the underarm, groin, pelvis, or neck. The risk of lymphedema increases with the number of lymph nodes affected. There is less risk with the removal of only the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045876/" class="def">sentinel lymph node</a> (the first lymph node in a group of lymph nodes to receive <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045760/" class="def">lymphatic drainage</a> from the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045847/" class="def">primary tumor</a>).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Being <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000304742/" class="def">overweight</a> or having <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000527371/" class="def">obesity</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Slow healing of the skin after surgery.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A tumor that affects or blocks the left lymph duct or lymph nodes or vessels in the neck, chest, underarm, pelvis, or abdomen.
|
|
</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Scar tissue in the lymph ducts under the collarbones, caused by surgery or radiation therapy.
|
|
</div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000062799__51">Lymphedema often occurs in <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000444971/" class="def">breast cancer</a> patients who had all or part of their <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000304766/" class="def">breast</a> removed and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046511/" class="def">axillary</a> (underarm) lymph nodes removed. Lymphedema in the legs may occur after surgery for <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000445094/" class="def">uterine cancer</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000445079/" class="def">prostate cancer</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045368/" class="def">lymphoma</a>, or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045135/" class="def">melanoma</a>. It may also occur with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044776/" class="def">vulvar cancer</a> or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000445074/" class="def">ovarian cancer</a>. Lymphedema occurs frequently in patients with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000257519/" class="def">cancers of the head and neck</a> due to <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000440106/" class="def">high-dose radiation therapy</a> and combined surgery.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__18"><h3>Tests that examine the lymph system are used to diagnose lymphedema.</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__20"> It is important to make sure there are no other causes of swelling, such as infection or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000476017/" class="def">blood clots</a>. The following tests and procedures may be used to <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046450/" class="def">diagnose</a> lymphedema:</p><ul id="CDR0000062799__21"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000270871/" class="def">Physical exam</a> and history: An exam of the body to check general signs of health, including checking for signs of disease, such as lumps or anything else that seems unusual. A history of the patient’s health habits and past illnesses and treatments will also be taken.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045011/" class="def">Lymphoscintigraphy</a>: A method used to check the lymph system for disease. A very small amount of a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046550/" class="def">radioactive</a> substance that flows through the lymph ducts and can be taken up by lymph nodes is <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044678/" class="def">injected</a> into the body. A <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000386220/" class="def">scanner</a> or probe is used to follow the movement of this substance. Lymphoscintigraphy is used to find the sentinel lymph node (the first node to receive lymph from a tumor) or to <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046450/" class="def">diagnose</a> certain diseases or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000651193/" class="def">conditions</a>, such as lymphedema.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045788/" class="def">MRI</a> (magnetic resonance imaging): A procedure that uses a magnet, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000651209/" class="def">radio waves</a>, and a computer to make a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body. This procedure is also called nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).</div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000062799__154">The swollen arm or leg is usually measured and compared to the other arm or leg. Measurements are taken over time to see how well treatment is working. </p><p id="CDR0000062799__196">A grading system is also used to diagnose and describe lymphedema. Grades 1, 2, 3, and 4 are based on size of the affected limb and how severe the signs and symptoms are.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__54"><h3>Stages may be used to describe lymphedema. </h3><ul id="CDR0000062799__56"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Stage I: The limb (arm or leg) is swollen and feels heavy. Pressing on the swollen area leaves a pit (dent). This stage of lymphedema may go away without treatment.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Stage II: The limb is swollen and feels spongy. A condition called tissue <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045690/" class="def">fibrosis</a> may develop and cause the limb to feel hard. Pressing on the swollen area does not leave a pit. </div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Stage III: This is the most advanced stage. The swollen limb may be very large.
|
|
<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000640047/" class="def">Stage III lymphedema</a> rarely occurs in breast cancer patients. Stage III is also called lymphostatic elephantiasis.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="CDR0000062799__22"><h2 id="_CDR0000062799__22_">Managing Lymphedema</h2><div id="CDR0000062799__22.kp" class="box"><h4><span class="title">Key Points for This Section</span></h4><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__61">Patients can take steps to prevent lymphedema or keep it from getting worse.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__23">Preventive steps include the following:</a></div><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__175">Tell your health care provider right away if you notice symptoms of lymphedema.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__69">Keep skin and nails clean and cared for, to prevent infection.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__73">Avoid blocking the flow of fluids through the body.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__75">Keep blood from pooling in the affected limb.</a></div></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__178">Studies have shown that carefully controlled exercise is safe for patients with lymphedema.</a></div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000062799__61"><h3>Patients can take steps to prevent lymphedema or keep it from getting worse.</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__81">Taking <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000043981/" class="def">preventive</a> steps may keep <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045359/" class="def">lymphedema</a> from developing. <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000650566/" class="def">Health care providers</a> can teach patients how to prevent and take care of lymphedema at home. If lymphedema has developed, these steps may keep it from getting worse. </p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__23"><h3>Preventive steps include the following:</h3><div id="CDR0000062799__175"><h4>Tell your health care provider right away if you notice symptoms of lymphedema.</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__177">See the <a href="#CDR0000062799__14">General Information</a> section for <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045022/" class="def">symptoms</a> that may be caused by lymphedema. Tell your doctor right away if you have any of these symptoms. The chance of improving the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000651193/" class="def">condition</a> is better if treatment begins early. Untreated lymphedema can lead to problems that cannot be reversed.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__69"><h4>Keep skin and nails clean and cared for, to prevent infection.</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__94"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044123/" class="def">Bacteria</a> can enter the body through a cut, scratch, insect bite, or other skin injury. <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044669/" class="def">Fluid</a> that is trapped in body <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046683/" class="def">tissues</a> by lymphedema makes it easy for bacteria to grow and cause <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045364/" class="def">infection</a>. Look for signs of infection, such as redness, pain, swelling, heat, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000450108/" class="def">fever</a>, or red streaks below the surface of the skin. Call your doctor right away if any of these signs appear. Careful skin and nail care helps prevent infection:</p><ul id="CDR0000062799__71"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Use cream or lotion to keep the skin moist.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Treat small cuts or breaks in the skin with an <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000462660/" class="def">antibacterial</a>
|
|
<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000508685/" class="def">ointment</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Avoid needle sticks of any type into the limb (arm or leg) with lymphedema. This includes shots or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000270735/" class="def">blood</a> tests.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Use a thimble for sewing.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Avoid testing bath or cooking water using the limb with lymphedema. There may be less feeling (touch, temperature, pain) in the affected arm or leg, and skin might burn in water that is too hot.
|
|
</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Wear gloves when gardening and cooking.
|
|
</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Wear <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046608/" class="def">sunscreen</a> and shoes when outdoors.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Cut toenails straight across. See a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000476478/" class="def">podiatrist</a> (foot doctor) as needed to prevent ingrown nails and infections.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep feet clean and dry and wear cotton socks.</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000062799__73"><h4>Avoid blocking the flow of fluids through the body.</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__174">It is important to keep body fluids moving, especially through an affected limb or in areas where lymphedema may develop.</p><ul id="CDR0000062799__59"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not cross legs while sitting.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Change sitting position at least every 30 minutes.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Wear only loose jewelry and clothes without tight bands or elastic.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not carry handbags on the arm with lymphedema.
|
|
</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not use a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000462668/" class="def">blood pressure</a> cuff on the arm with lymphedema.
|
|
</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not use elastic bandages or stockings with tight bands.</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000062799__75"><h4>Keep blood from pooling in the affected limb.</h4><ul id="CDR0000062799__60"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Keep the limb with lymphedema raised higher than the heart when possible. </div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not swing the limb quickly in circles or let the limb hang down. This makes blood and fluid collect in the lower part of the arm or leg.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Do not apply heat to the limb.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="CDR0000062799__178"><h3>Studies have shown that carefully controlled exercise is safe for patients with lymphedema.</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__201">Exercise does not increase the chance that lymphedema will develop in patients who are at risk for lymphedema. In the past, these patients were advised to avoid exercising the affected limb. Studies have now shown that slow, carefully controlled exercise is safe and may even help keep lymphedema from developing. Studies have also shown that, in <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000444971/" class="def">breast-cancer</a>
|
|
<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000450125/" class="def">survivors</a>, upper-body exercise does not increase the risk that lymphedema will develop. (See the <a href="#CDR0000062799__198">Exercise</a> section under <i>Treatment of Lymphedema</i> for more information.)</p></div></div><div id="CDR0000062799__77"><h2 id="_CDR0000062799__77_">Treatment of Lymphedema</h2><div id="CDR0000062799__77.kp" class="box"><h4><span class="title">Key Points for This Section</span></h4><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__115">The goal of treatment is to control the swelling and other problems caused by lymphedema.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__118">Treatment of lymphedema may include the following:</a></div><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__85">Pressure garments</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__198">Exercise</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__88">Bandages</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__95">Skin care</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__98">Combined therapy</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__101">Compression device</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__107">Weight loss</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__110">Laser therapy</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__159">Drug therapy</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__113">Surgery</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__91">Massage therapy</a></div></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000062799__146">When lymphedema is severe and does not get better with treatment, other problems may be the cause.</a></div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000062799__115"><h3>The goal of treatment is to control the swelling and other problems caused by lymphedema.</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__117">Damage to the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045764/" class="def">lymph system</a> cannot be repaired. Treatment is given to control the swelling caused by <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045359/" class="def">lymphedema</a> and keep other problems from developing or getting worse. Physical (non-<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000348921/" class="def">drug</a>) <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044737/" class="def">therapies</a> are the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044930/" class="def">standard treatment</a>. Treatment may be a combination of several of the physical methods. The goal of these treatments is to help patients continue with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000430401/" class="def">activities of daily living</a>, to decrease pain, and to improve the ability to move and use the limb (arm or leg) with lymphedema. Drugs are not usually used for long-term treatment of lymphedema.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__118"><h3>Treatment of lymphedema may include the following:</h3><div id="CDR0000062799__85"><h4>Pressure garments</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__68"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000639998/" class="def">Pressure garments</a> are made of fabric that puts a controlled amount of pressure on different parts of the arm or leg to help move <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044669/" class="def">fluid</a> and keep it from building up. Some patients may need to have these garments custom-made for a correct fit. Wearing a pressure garment during exercise may help prevent more swelling in an affected limb. It is important to use pressure garments during air travel, because lymphedema can become worse at high altitudes. Pressure garments are also called compression sleeves and lymphedema sleeves or stockings.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__198"><h4>Exercise</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__188">Both light exercise and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000639938/" class="def">aerobic exercise</a> (physical activity that causes the heart and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000270740/" class="def">lungs</a> to work harder) help the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000269462/" class="def">lymph vessels</a> move <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046305/" class="def">lymph</a> out of the affected limb and decrease swelling. </p><ul id="CDR0000062799__189"><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<b>Talk with a certified lymphedema therapist before beginning exercise.</b>
|
|
</div><div class="half_rhythm">Patients who have lymphedema or who are at risk for lymphedema should talk with a certified lymphedema therapist before beginning an exercise routine. (See the <a href="https://www.clt-lana.org/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Lymphology Association of North America</a> Web site for a list of certified lymphedema therapists in the United States.)
|
|
</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<b>Wear a pressure garment if lymphedema has developed.</b>
|
|
</div><div class="half_rhythm">Patients who have lymphedema should wear a well-fitting pressure garment during all exercise that uses the affected limb or body part.
|
|
</div><div class="half_rhythm">When it is not known for sure if a woman has lymphedema, upper-body exercise without a garment may be more helpful than no exercise at all. Patients who do not have lymphedema do not need to wear a pressure garment during exercise.
|
|
</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm">
|
|
<b>Breast cancer survivors should begin with light upper-body exercise and increase it slowly.</b>
|
|
</div><div class="half_rhythm">Some studies with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000444971/" class="def">breast cancer</a>
|
|
<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000450125/" class="def">survivors</a> show that upper-body exercise is safe in women who have lymphedema or who are at risk for lymphedema. Weight-lifting that is slowly increased may keep lymphedema from getting worse. Exercise should start at a very low level, increase slowly over time, and be overseen by the lymphedema therapist. If exercise is stopped for a week or longer, it should be started again at a low level and increased slowly.
|
|
</div><div class="half_rhythm">If <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045022/" class="def">symptoms</a> (such as swelling or heaviness in the limb) change or increase for a week or longer, talk with the lymphedema therapist. It is likely that exercising at a low level and slowly increasing it again over time is better for the affected limb than stopping the exercise completely.
|
|
</div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000062799__200">More studies are needed to find out if weight-lifting is safe for cancer survivors with lymphedema in the legs.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__88"><h4>Bandages</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__122">
|
|
Once the lymph fluid is moved out of a swollen limb, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045653/" class="def">bandaging</a> (wrapping) can help prevent the area from refilling with fluid. Bandages also increase the ability of the lymph vessels to move lymph along. Lymphedema that has not improved with other treatments is sometimes helped with bandaging.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__95"><h4>Skin care</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__137">The goal of skin care is to prevent infection and to keep skin from drying and cracking. See skin care tips, in the <a href="#CDR0000062799__69">Managing Lymphedema</a> section.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__98"><h4>Combined therapy</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__125">Combined <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044708/" class="def">physical
|
|
therapy</a> is a program of massage, bandaging, exercises, and skin care managed
|
|
by a trained therapist.
|
|
At the beginning of the program, the therapist gives many treatments over a short time to decrease most of the swelling in the limb with lymphedema. Then the patient continues the program at home to keep the swelling down. Combined therapy is also called complex decongestive therapy.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__101"><h4>Compression device</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__126">Compression devices are <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000476470/" class="def">pumps</a>
|
|
connected to a sleeve that wraps around the arm or leg and applies pressure on and
|
|
off. The sleeve is inflated and
|
|
deflated on a timed cycle. This pumping action may help move fluid through lymph vessels and veins and keep
|
|
fluid from building up in the arm or leg. Compression devices may be helpful when added to combined therapy. The use of these devices should be supervised by a trained professional because too much pressure can damage lymph vessels near the surface of the skin.
|
|
</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__107"><h4>Weight loss</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__142">In patients who are <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000304742/" class="def">overweight</a>, lymphedema related to breast cancer may improve with weight loss. </p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__110"><h4>Laser therapy</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__145"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045154/" class="def">Laser therapy</a> may help decrease lymphedema swelling and skin hardness after a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045777/" class="def">mastectomy</a>. A hand-held, battery-powered <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000635288/" class="def">device</a> is used to aim low-level <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045748/" class="def">laser</a> beams at the area with lymphedema.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__159"><h4>Drug therapy</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__161">Lymphedema is not usually treated with drugs. <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045967/" class="def">Antibiotics</a> may be used to treat and prevent <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045364/" class="def">infections</a>. Other types of drugs, such as <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045298/" class="def">diuretics</a> or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046082/" class="def">anticoagulants</a> (blood thinners), are usually not helpful and may make the lymphedema worse.
|
|
</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__113"><h4>Surgery</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__144">Lymphedema caused by cancer is rarely treated with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045570/" class="def">surgery</a>. </p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__91"><h4>Massage therapy</h4><p id="CDR0000062799__136"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454761/" class="def">Massage therapy</a> (manual therapy) for lymphedema should begin with someone specially trained in treating lymphedema. In this type of massage, the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045882/" class="def">soft tissues</a> of the body are lightly rubbed, tapped, and stroked. It is a very light touch, almost like a brushing. Massage may help move lymph out of the swollen area into an area with working lymph vessels. Patients can be taught to do this type of massage therapy themselves.</p><p id="CDR0000062799__139">When done correctly, massage therapy does not cause medical problems. Massage should not be done on any of the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000062799__194"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Open <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000441269/" class="def">wounds</a>, bruises, or areas of broken skin.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046634/" class="def">Tumors</a> that can be seen on the skin surface. </div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Areas with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000640038/" class="def">deep vein thrombosis</a> (<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000476017/" class="def">blood clot</a> in a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000476471/" class="def">vein</a>).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sensitive soft tissue where the skin was treated with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044971/" class="def">radiation therapy</a>.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="CDR0000062799__146"><h3>When lymphedema is severe and does not get better with treatment, other problems may be the cause.</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__148">Sometimes severe lymphedema does not get better with treatment or it develops several years after surgery. If there is no known reason, doctors will try to find out if the problem is something other than the original cancer or cancer treatment, such as another <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046634/" class="def">tumor</a>. </p><p id="CDR0000062799__155"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000335070/" class="def">Lymphangiosarcoma</a> is a rare, fast-growing cancer of the lymph vessels. It is a problem that occurs in some <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000444971/" class="def">breast cancer</a> patients and appears an average of 10 years after
|
|
a mastectomy. Lymphangiosarcoma begins as purple <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046324/" class="def">lesions</a> on the skin, which may be flat or raised. A <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046033/" class="def">CT scan</a> or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045788/" class="def">MRI</a> is used to check for lymphangiosarcoma. Lymphangiosarcoma usually cannot be <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000318813/" class="def">cured</a>. </p></div></div><div id="CDR0000062799__202"><h2 id="_CDR0000062799__202_">Current Clinical Trials</h2><p id="CDR0000062799__TrialSearch_202_19">Use our <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials/search" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">clinical trial search</a> to find NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are accepting patients. You can search for trials based on the type of cancer, the age of the patient, and where the trials are being done. <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">General information</a> about clinical trials is also available.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__206"><h2 id="_CDR0000062799__206_">To Learn More About Lymphedema</h2><p id="CDR0000062799__207">For more information from the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044266/" class="def">National Cancer Institute</a>
|
|
about lymphedema, see the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000062799__208"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/surgery-choices/lymphedema" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Lymphedema and Breast Cancer Surgery</a>
|
|
</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
|
|
<a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/lymphedema" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Lymphedema and Cancer Treatment</a>
|
|
</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_1"><h2 id="_CDR0000062799__AboutThis_1_">About This PDQ Summary</h2><div id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_2"><h3>About PDQ</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_3">Physician Data Query (PDQ) is the National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) comprehensive cancer information database. The PDQ database contains summaries of the latest published information on cancer prevention, detection, genetics, treatment, supportive care, and complementary and alternative medicine. Most summaries come in two versions. The health professional versions have detailed information written in technical language. The patient versions are written in easy-to-understand, nontechnical language. Both versions have cancer information that is accurate and up to date and most versions are also available in <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/espanol/publicaciones/pdq" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Spanish</a>.</p><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_4">PDQ is a service of the NCI. The NCI is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NIH is the federal government’s center of biomedical research. The PDQ summaries are based on an independent review of the medical literature. They are not policy statements of the NCI or the NIH.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_5"><h3>Purpose of This Summary</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_6">This PDQ cancer information summary has current information about the causes and treatment of lymphedema. It is meant to inform and help patients, families, and caregivers. It does not give formal guidelines or recommendations for making decisions about health care.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_7"><h3>Reviewers and Updates</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_8">Editorial Boards write the PDQ cancer information summaries and keep them up to date. These Boards are made up of experts in cancer treatment and other specialties related to cancer. The summaries are reviewed regularly and changes are made when there is new information. The date on each summary ("Updated") is the date of the most recent change.
|
|
</p><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_9">The information in this patient summary was taken from the health professional version, which is reviewed regularly and updated as needed, by the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/publications/pdq/editorial-boards/supportive-care" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board</a>.
|
|
</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_10"><h3>Clinical Trial Information</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_11">A clinical trial is a study to answer a scientific question, such as whether one treatment is better than another. Trials are based on past studies and what has been learned in the laboratory. Each trial answers certain scientific questions in order to find new and better ways to help cancer patients. During treatment clinical trials, information is collected about the effects of a new treatment and how well it works. If a clinical trial shows that a new treatment is better than one currently being used, the new treatment may become "standard." Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. Some clinical trials are open only to patients who have not started treatment.
|
|
</p><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_12">Clinical trials can be found online at <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">NCI's website</a>. For more information, call the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/contact/contact-center" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Cancer Information Service</a> (CIS), NCI's contact center, at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).
|
|
</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_13"><h3>Permission to Use This Summary</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_14">PDQ is a registered trademark. The content of PDQ documents can be used freely as text. It cannot be identified as an NCI PDQ cancer information summary unless the whole summary is shown and it is updated regularly. However, a user would be allowed to write a sentence such as “NCI’s PDQ cancer information summary about breast cancer prevention states the risks in the following way: [include excerpt from the summary].”
|
|
</p><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_15">The best way to cite this PDQ summary is:</p><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_21">PDQ® Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board. PDQ Lymphedema. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute. Updated <MM/DD/YYYY>. Available at: <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/lymphedema/lymphedema-pdq" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/lymphedema/lymphedema-pdq</a>. Accessed <MM/DD/YYYY>. [PMID: 26389292]</p><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_16">Images in this summary are used with permission of the author(s), artist, and/or publisher for use in the PDQ summaries only. If you want to use an image from a PDQ summary and you are not using the whole summary, you must get permission from the owner. It cannot be given by the National Cancer Institute. Information about using the images in this summary, along with many other images related to cancer can be found in <a href="https://visualsonline.cancer.gov/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Visuals Online</a>. Visuals Online is a collection of more than 3,000 scientific images.
|
|
</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_17"><h3>Disclaimer</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_18">The information in these summaries should not be used to make decisions about insurance reimbursement. More information on insurance coverage is available on Cancer.gov on the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Managing Cancer Care</a> page.</p></div><div id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_19"><h3>Contact Us</h3><p id="CDR0000062799__AboutThis_20">More information about contacting us or receiving help with the Cancer.gov website can be found on our <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/contact" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Contact Us for Help</a> page. Questions can also be submitted to Cancer.gov through the website’s <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/contact/email-us" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">E-mail Us</a>.</p></div></div></div></div>
|
|
<div class="post-content"><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK65853</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26389292" title="PubMed record of this page" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">26389292</a></span></div></div></div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom content below content -->
|
|
<div class="col4">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Book content -->
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom contetnt below bottom nav -->
|
|
<div class="col5">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div id="rightcolumn" class="four_col col last">
|
|
<!-- Custom content above discovery portlets -->
|
|
<div class="col6">
|
|
<div id="ncbi_share_book"><a href="#" class="ncbi_share" data-ncbi_share_config="popup:false,shorten:true" ref="id=NBK65853&db=books">Share</a></div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Views</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PDF_download" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="/books/NBK65853.4/?report=reader">PubReader</a></li><li><a href="/books/NBK65853.4/?report=printable">Print View</a></li><li><a data-jig="ncbidialog" href="#_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK65853" data-jigconfig="width:400,modal:true">Cite this Page</a><div id="_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK65853" style="display:none" title="Cite this Page"><div class="bk_tt">PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board. Lymphedema (PDQ®): Patient Version. 2021 Aug 23. In: PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002-. <span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></div></div></li><li><a href="#" class="toggle-glossary-link" title="Enable/disable links to the glossary">Disable Glossary Links</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Version History</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter shutter_closed" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="version_history" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content" style="display: none;"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65853.7/">NBK65853.7</a></span> December 11, 2024</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65853.6/">NBK65853.6</a></span> February 29, 2024</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65853.5/">NBK65853.5</a></span> August 23, 2023</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm">NBK65853.4</span> August 23, 2021 (Displayed Version)</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65853.3/">NBK65853.3</a></span> September 19, 2019</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65853.2/">NBK65853.2</a></span> March 7, 2019</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65853.1/">NBK65853.1</a></span> May 29, 2015</li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>In this Page</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="page-toc" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="#CDR0000062799__1" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">General Information About Lymphedema</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000062799__22" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Managing Lymphedema</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000062799__77" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Treatment of Lymphedema</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000062799__202" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Current Clinical Trials</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000062799__206" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">To Learn More About Lymphedema</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000062799__AboutThis_1" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">About This PDQ Summary</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Related publications</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="document-links" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="/books/NBK65803/">Health Professional Version</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Similar articles in PubMed</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PBooksDiscovery_RA" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/26389259" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=1&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Cancer Fatigue: Patient Version.</a><span class="source">[PDQ Cancer Information Summari...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Cancer Fatigue: Patient Version.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. 2002</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/29589881" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=2&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Cognitive Impairment in Adults with Cancer (PDQ®): Patient Version.</a><span class="source">[PDQ Cancer Information Summari...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Cognitive Impairment in Adults with Cancer (PDQ®): Patient Version.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. 2002</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/26389388" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=3&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Melanoma Treatment (PDQ®): Patient Version.</a><span class="source">[PDQ Cancer Information Summari...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Melanoma Treatment (PDQ®): Patient Version.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">PDQ Adult Treatment Editorial Board. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. 2002</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/26389197" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=4&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Retinoblastoma Treatment (PDQ®): Patient Version.</a><span class="source">[PDQ Cancer Information Summari...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Retinoblastoma Treatment (PDQ®): Patient Version.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">PDQ Pediatric Treatment Editorial Board. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. 2002</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/31909939" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=5&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Childhood Chordoma (PDQ®): Patient Version.</a><span class="source">[PDQ Cancer Information Summari...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Childhood Chordoma (PDQ®): Patient Version.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">PDQ Pediatric Treatment Editorial Board. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. 2002</em></div></div></li></ul><a class="seemore" href="/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed_reviews&uid=26389292" ref="ordinalpos=1&log$=relatedreviews_seeall&logdbfrom=pubmed">See reviews...</a><a class="seemore" href="/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&uid=26389292" ref="ordinalpos=1&log$=relatedarticles_seeall&logdbfrom=pubmed">See all...</a></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Recent Activity</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="recent_activity" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" id="HTDisplay" class=""><div class="action"><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('ClearHT')">Clear</a><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOff')" class="HTOn">Turn Off</a><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOn')" class="HTOff">Turn On</a></div><ul id="activity"><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=1" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c98b0bab82281a80d1a147">Lymphedema (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Lymphedema (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=2" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c98b09a68b6b5afc080c8a">Lymphedema - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Lymphedema - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_qry two_line"><a class="htb" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=3" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c98b01ab82281a80d16690">PMC Links for Books (Select 5290458) <span class="number">(112)</span></a><div class="tertiary">PMC</div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=4" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c98b00ab82281a80d15d93">Complications, Graft-Versus-Host Disease, and Late Effects After Pediatric Hemat...</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Complications, Graft-Versus-Host Disease, and Late Effects After Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=5" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c98afbb15b832ebca0c3c2">Complications, Graft-Versus-Host Disease, and Late Effects After Pediatric Hemat...</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Complications, Graft-Versus-Host Disease, and Late Effects After Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li></ul><p class="HTOn">Your browsing activity is empty.</p><p class="HTOff">Activity recording is turned off.</p><p id="turnOn" class="HTOff"><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOn')">Turn recording back on</a></p><a class="seemore" href="/sites/myncbi/recentactivity">See more...</a></div></div></div>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom content below discovery portlets -->
|
|
<div class="col7">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom content after all -->
|
|
<div class="col8">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col9">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.scrollTo-1.4.2.js"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
(function($){
|
|
$('.skiplink').each(function(i, item){
|
|
var href = $($(item).attr('href'));
|
|
href.attr('tabindex', '-1').addClass('skiptarget'); // ensure the target can receive focus
|
|
$(item).on('click', function(event){
|
|
event.preventDefault();
|
|
$.scrollTo(href, 0, {
|
|
onAfter: function(){
|
|
href.focus();
|
|
}
|
|
});
|
|
});
|
|
});
|
|
})(jQuery);
|
|
</script>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="bottom">
|
|
|
|
<div id="NCBIFooter_dynamic">
|
|
<!--<component id="Breadcrumbs" label="breadcrumbs"/>
|
|
<component id="Breadcrumbs" label="helpdesk"/>-->
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="footer" id="footer">
|
|
<section class="icon-section">
|
|
<div id="icon-section-header" class="icon-section_header">Follow NCBI</div>
|
|
<div class="grid-container container">
|
|
<div class="icon-section_container">
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_twitter" href="https://twitter.com/ncbi" aria-label="Twitter"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
|
<defs>
|
|
<style>
|
|
.cls-11 {
|
|
fill: #737373;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
</defs>
|
|
<title>Twitter</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-11" d="M250.11,105.48c-7,3.14-13,3.25-19.27.14,8.12-4.86,8.49-8.27,11.43-17.46a78.8,78.8,0,0,1-25,9.55,39.35,39.35,0,0,0-67,35.85,111.6,111.6,0,0,1-81-41.08A39.37,39.37,0,0,0,81.47,145a39.08,39.08,0,0,1-17.8-4.92c0,.17,0,.33,0,.5a39.32,39.32,0,0,0,31.53,38.54,39.26,39.26,0,0,1-17.75.68,39.37,39.37,0,0,0,36.72,27.3A79.07,79.07,0,0,1,56,223.34,111.31,111.31,0,0,0,116.22,241c72.3,0,111.83-59.9,111.83-111.84,0-1.71,0-3.4-.1-5.09C235.62,118.54,244.84,113.37,250.11,105.48Z">
|
|
</path>
|
|
</svg></a>
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/ncbi.nlm" aria-label="Facebook"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
|
<title>Facebook</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-11" d="M210.5,115.12H171.74V97.82c0-8.14,5.39-10,9.19-10h27.14V52l-39.32-.12c-35.66,0-42.42,26.68-42.42,43.77v19.48H99.09v36.32h27.24v109h45.41v-109h35Z">
|
|
</path>
|
|
</svg></a>
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ncbinlm" aria-label="LinkedIn"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
|
<title>LinkedIn</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-11" d="M101.64,243.37H57.79v-114h43.85Zm-22-131.54h-.26c-13.25,0-21.82-10.36-21.82-21.76,0-11.65,8.84-21.15,22.33-21.15S101.7,78.72,102,90.38C102,101.77,93.4,111.83,79.63,111.83Zm100.93,52.61A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,163,182v61.39H119.18s.51-105.23,0-114H163v13a54.33,54.33,0,0,1,34.54-12.66c26,0,44.39,18.8,44.39,55.29v58.35H198.1V182A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,180.56,164.44Z">
|
|
</path>
|
|
</svg></a>
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_github" href="https://github.com/ncbi" aria-label="GitHub"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
|
<defs>
|
|
<style>
|
|
.cls-11,
|
|
.cls-12 {
|
|
fill: #737373;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.cls-11 {
|
|
fill-rule: evenodd;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
</defs>
|
|
<title>GitHub</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-11" d="M151.36,47.28a105.76,105.76,0,0,0-33.43,206.1c5.28,1,7.22-2.3,7.22-5.09,0-2.52-.09-10.85-.14-19.69-29.42,6.4-35.63-12.48-35.63-12.48-4.81-12.22-11.74-15.47-11.74-15.47-9.59-6.56.73-6.43.73-6.43,10.61.75,16.21,10.9,16.21,10.9,9.43,16.17,24.73,11.49,30.77,8.79,1-6.83,3.69-11.5,6.71-14.14C108.57,197.1,83.88,188,83.88,147.51a40.92,40.92,0,0,1,10.9-28.39c-1.1-2.66-4.72-13.42,1-28,0,0,8.88-2.84,29.09,10.84a100.26,100.26,0,0,1,53,0C198,88.3,206.9,91.14,206.9,91.14c5.76,14.56,2.14,25.32,1,28a40.87,40.87,0,0,1,10.89,28.39c0,40.62-24.74,49.56-48.29,52.18,3.79,3.28,7.17,9.71,7.17,19.58,0,14.15-.12,25.54-.12,29,0,2.82,1.9,6.11,7.26,5.07A105.76,105.76,0,0,0,151.36,47.28Z">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M85.66,199.12c-.23.52-1.06.68-1.81.32s-1.2-1.06-.95-1.59,1.06-.69,1.82-.33,1.21,1.07.94,1.6Zm-1.3-1">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M90,203.89c-.51.47-1.49.25-2.16-.49a1.61,1.61,0,0,1-.31-2.19c.52-.47,1.47-.25,2.17.49s.82,1.72.3,2.19Zm-1-1.08">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M94.12,210c-.65.46-1.71,0-2.37-.91s-.64-2.07,0-2.52,1.7,0,2.36.89.65,2.08,0,2.54Zm0,0"></path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M99.83,215.87c-.58.64-1.82.47-2.72-.41s-1.18-2.06-.6-2.7,1.83-.46,2.74.41,1.2,2.07.58,2.7Zm0,0">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M107.71,219.29c-.26.82-1.45,1.2-2.64.85s-2-1.34-1.74-2.17,1.44-1.23,2.65-.85,2,1.32,1.73,2.17Zm0,0">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M116.36,219.92c0,.87-1,1.59-2.24,1.61s-2.29-.68-2.3-1.54,1-1.59,2.26-1.61,2.28.67,2.28,1.54Zm0,0">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M124.42,218.55c.15.85-.73,1.72-2,1.95s-2.37-.3-2.52-1.14.73-1.75,2-2,2.37.29,2.53,1.16Zm0,0"></path>
|
|
</svg></a>
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_blog" href="https://ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" aria-label="Blog">
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 40 40">
|
|
<defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#737373;}</style></defs>
|
|
<title>NCBI Insights Blog</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-1" d="M14,30a4,4,0,1,1-4-4,4,4,0,0,1,4,4Zm11,3A19,19,0,0,0,7.05,15a1,1,0,0,0-1,1v3a1,1,0,0,0,.93,1A14,14,0,0,1,20,33.07,1,1,0,0,0,21,34h3a1,1,0,0,0,1-1Zm9,0A28,28,0,0,0,7,6,1,1,0,0,0,6,7v3a1,1,0,0,0,1,1A23,23,0,0,1,29,33a1,1,0,0,0,1,1h3A1,1,0,0,0,34,33Z"></path>
|
|
</svg>
|
|
</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section class="container-fluid bg-primary">
|
|
<div class="container pt-5">
|
|
<div class="row mt-3">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
|
|
<p><a class="text-white" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/socialmedia/index.html">Connect with NLM</a></p>
|
|
<ul class="list-inline social_media">
|
|
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/NLM_NIH" aria-label="Twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
|
|
<style type="text/css">
|
|
.st20 {
|
|
fill: #FFFFFF;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.st30 {
|
|
fill: none;
|
|
stroke: #FFFFFF;
|
|
stroke-width: 8;
|
|
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
<title>Twitter</title>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<path class="st20" d="M192.9,88.1c-5,2.2-9.2,2.3-13.6,0.1c5.7-3.4,6-5.8,8.1-12.3c-5.4,3.2-11.4,5.5-17.6,6.7 c-10.5-11.2-28.1-11.7-39.2-1.2c-7.2,6.8-10.2,16.9-8,26.5c-22.3-1.1-43.1-11.7-57.2-29C58,91.6,61.8,107.9,74,116 c-4.4-0.1-8.7-1.3-12.6-3.4c0,0.1,0,0.2,0,0.4c0,13.2,9.3,24.6,22.3,27.2c-4.1,1.1-8.4,1.3-12.5,0.5c3.6,11.3,14,19,25.9,19.3 c-11.6,9.1-26.4,13.2-41.1,11.5c12.7,8.1,27.4,12.5,42.5,12.5c51,0,78.9-42.2,78.9-78.9c0-1.2,0-2.4-0.1-3.6 C182.7,97.4,189.2,93.7,192.9,88.1z"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</g>
|
|
<circle class="st30" cx="124.4" cy="128.8" r="108.2"></circle>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</svg></a></li>
|
|
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/nationallibraryofmedicine" aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
|
|
<style type="text/css">
|
|
.st10 {
|
|
fill: #FFFFFF;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.st110 {
|
|
fill: none;
|
|
stroke: #FFFFFF;
|
|
stroke-width: 8;
|
|
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
<title>Facebook</title>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<path class="st10" d="M159,99.1h-24V88.4c0-5,3.3-6.2,5.7-6.2h16.8V60l-24.4-0.1c-22.1,0-26.2,16.5-26.2,27.1v12.1H90v22.5h16.9 v67.5H135v-67.5h21.7L159,99.1z"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</g>
|
|
<circle class="st110" cx="123.6" cy="123.2" r="108.2"></circle>
|
|
</svg>
|
|
</a></li>
|
|
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NLMNIH" aria-label="Youtube" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
|
|
<title>Youtube</title>
|
|
<style type="text/css">
|
|
.st4 {
|
|
fill: none;
|
|
stroke: #FFFFFF;
|
|
stroke-width: 8;
|
|
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.st5 {
|
|
fill: #FFFFFF;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
<circle class="st4" cx="124.2" cy="123.4" r="108.2"></circle>
|
|
<g transform="translate(0,-952.36218)">
|
|
<path class="st5" d="M88.4,1037.4c-10.4,0-18.7,8.3-18.7,18.7v40.1c0,10.4,8.3,18.7,18.7,18.7h72.1c10.4,0,18.7-8.3,18.7-18.7 v-40.1c0-10.4-8.3-18.7-18.7-18.7H88.4z M115.2,1058.8l29.4,17.4l-29.4,17.4V1058.8z"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</svg></a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
|
|
<p class="address_footer text-white">National Library of Medicine<br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894/@38.9959508,-77.101021,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb:0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!4d-77.0988323" class="text-white" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">8600 Rockville Pike<br />
|
|
Bethesda, MD 20894</a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
|
|
<p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html" class="text-white">Web Policies</a><br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office" class="text-white">FOIA</a><br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" class="text-white" id="vdp">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
|
|
<p><a class="supportLink text-white" href="https://support.nlm.nih.gov/">Help</a><br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/accessibility.html" class="text-white">Accessibility</a><br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/careers/careers.html" class="text-white">Careers</a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-12 centered-lg">
|
|
<nav class="bottom-links">
|
|
<ul class="mt-3">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a class="text-white" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/">NLM</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.nih.gov/">NIH</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.hhs.gov/">HHS</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/rlib/js/InstrumentOmnitureBaseJS/InstrumentNCBIConfigJS/InstrumentNCBIBaseJS/InstrumentPageStarterJS.js?v=1"> </script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/static/js/hfjs2.js"> </script>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!--/.page-->
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!--/.wrap-->
|
|
</div><!-- /.twelve_col -->
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!-- /.grid -->
|
|
|
|
<span class="PAFAppResources"></span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- BESelector tab -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<noscript><img alt="statistics" src="/stat?jsdisabled=true&ncbi_db=books&ncbi_pdid=book-part&ncbi_acc=NBK65853&ncbi_domain=pdqcis&ncbi_report=record&ncbi_type=fulltext&ncbi_objectid=&ncbi_pcid=/NBK65853.4/&ncbi_pagename=Lymphedema (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries - NCBI Bookshelf&ncbi_bookparttype=chapter&ncbi_app=bookshelf" /></noscript>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- usually for JS scripts at page bottom -->
|
|
<!--<component id="PageFixtures" label="styles"></component>-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID /projects/books/PBooks@9.11 portal107 v4.1.r689238 Tue, Oct 22 2024 16:10:51 -->
|
|
<span id="portal-csrf-token" style="display:none" data-token="CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID"></span>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/js/3879255/4121861/3501987/4008961/3893018/3821238/4062932/4209313/4212053/4076480/3921943/3400083/3426610.js" snapshot="books"></script></body>
|
|
</html> |