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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002-. </p></div><div class="iconblock clearfix whole_rhythm no_top_margin bk_noprnt"><a class="img_link icnblk_img" title="Table of Contents Page" href="/books/n/pdqcis/"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-pdqcis-lrg.png" alt="Cover of PDQ Cancer Information Summaries" height="100px" width="80px" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt eight_col"><h2>PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet].</h2><a data-jig="ncbitoggler" href="#__NBK65846_dtls__">Show details</a><div style="display:none" class="ui-widget" id="__NBK65846_dtls__"><div>Bethesda (MD): <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Cancer Institute (US)</a>; 2002-.</div></div><div class="half_rhythm"></div><div class="bk_noprnt"><form method="get" action="/books/n/pdqcis/" id="bk_srch"><div class="bk_search"><label for="bk_term" class="offscreen_noflow">Search term</label><input type="text" title="Search this book" id="bk_term" name="term" value="" data-jig="ncbiclearbutton" /> <input type="submit" class="jig-ncbibutton" value="Search this book" submit="false" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;" /></div></form></div></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK65846_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter Treatment (PDQ®)</span></h1><div class="subtitle whole_rhythm">Patient Version</div><p class="contrib-group"><span itemprop="author">PDQ Adult Treatment Editorial Board</span>.</p><p class="small">Published online: April 10, 2020.</p><p class="small">Created: <span itemprop="datePublished">February 20, 2004</span>.</p></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><div id="_abs_rndgid_" itemprop="description"><p id="CDR0000343585__173">This PDQ cancer information summary has current information about the treatment of transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter. It is meant to inform and help patients, families, and caregivers. It does not give formal guidelines or recommendations for making decisions about health care.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__174">Editorial Boards write the PDQ cancer information summaries and keep them up to date. These Boards are made up of experts in cancer treatment and other specialties related to cancer. The summaries are reviewed regularly and changes are made when there is new information. The date on each summary ("Date Last Modified") is the date of the most recent change. The information in this patient summary was taken from the health professional version, which is reviewed regularly and updated as needed, by the PDQ Adult Treatment Editorial Board.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__1"><h2 id="_CDR0000343585__1_">General Information About Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter</h2><div id="CDR0000343585__1.kp" class="box"><h4><span class="title">Key Points for This Section</span></h4><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__2">Transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in
|
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the renal pelvis and ureter.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__4"> A personal history of bladder cancer and smoking can affect the risk of transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter. </a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__11">Signs and symptoms of transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter include blood in the urine and back pain.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__15">Tests that examine the abdomen and kidneys are used to diagnose transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__19">Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.</a></div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000343585__2"><h3>Transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in
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the renal pelvis and ureter.</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__113">The <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046562/" class="def">renal pelvis</a> is the top part of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046638/" class="def">ureter</a>. The ureter is a long tube that connects the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046325/" class="def">kidney</a> to the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046501/" class="def">bladder</a>. There are two kidneys, one on each side of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000415915/" class="def">backbone</a>, above the waist. The kidneys of an adult are about 5 inches long and 3 inches wide and are shaped like a kidney bean. Tiny tubules in the kidneys filter and clean the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000270735/" class="def">blood</a>. They take out waste products and make <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046642/" class="def">urine</a>. The urine collects in the middle of each kidney in the renal pelvis. Urine passes from the renal pelvis through the ureter into the bladder. The bladder holds the urine until it passes through the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046640/" class="def">urethra</a> and leaves the body. </p><div id="CDR0000343585__172" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Anatomy%20of%20the%20male%20urinary%20system%20(left%20panel)%20and%20female%20urinary%20system%20(right%20panel)%20showing%20the%20kidneys%2C%20ureters%2C%20bladder%2C%20and%20urethra&p=BOOKS&id=555694_CDR0000765031.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img src="/books/NBK65846.5/bin/CDR0000765031.jpg" alt="Anatomy of the male urinary system (left panel) and female urinary system (right panel); two-panel drawing showing the right and left kidneys, the ureters, the bladder filled with urine, and the urethra. The inside of the left kidney shows the renal pelvis. An inset shows the renal tubules and urine. Also shown are the prostate and penis (left panel) and the uterus (right panel)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><div class="caption"><p>Anatomy of the male urinary system (left panel) and female urinary system (right panel) showing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The inside of the left kidney shows the renal pelvis. An inset shows the renal tubules and urine. Also shown are the prostate and penis (left panel) and the uterus (right panel). Urine is made in the renal tubules and collects in the renal pelvis of each kidney. The urine flows from the kidneys through the ureters to the bladder. The urine is stored in the bladder until it leaves the body through the urethra.</p></div></div><p id="CDR0000343585__114"> The renal pelvis and ureters are lined with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046630/" class="def">transitional cells</a>. These <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046476/" class="def">cells</a> can change shape and stretch without breaking apart. <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046629/" class="def">Transitional cell cancer</a> starts in these cells.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__175">Transitional cell cancer can form in the renal pelvis, the ureter, or both.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__115"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044988/" class="def">Renal cell cancer</a> is a more common type of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000444995/" class="def">kidney cancer</a>. See the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044271/" class="def">PDQ</a> summary about <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/CDR0000276462/">Renal Cell Cancer Treatment</a> for more information.
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</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__4"><h3> A personal history of bladder cancer and smoking can affect the risk of transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter. </h3><p id="CDR0000343585__144">Anything that increases your risk of getting a disease is called a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045873/" class="def">risk factor</a>. Having a risk factor does not mean that you will get <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a>; not having risk factors doesn't mean that you will not get cancer. Talk with your doctor if you think you may be at risk. Risk factors for transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter include the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__7"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Having a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000642021/" class="def">personal history</a> of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000444968/" class="def">bladder cancer</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Smoking <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000748148/" class="def">cigarettes</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Taking a lot of certain pain <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000482419/" class="def">medicines</a>, such as phenacetin.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Being exposed to certain dyes and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000643008/" class="def">chemicals</a> used in making leather goods, textiles, plastics, and rubber.</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000343585__11"><h3>Signs and symptoms of transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter include blood in the urine and back pain.</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__13"> These and other <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000750109/" class="def">signs</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045022/" class="def">symptoms</a> may be caused by transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter or by other <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000651193/" class="def">conditions</a>. There may be no signs or symptoms in the early <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045885/" class="def">stages</a>. Signs and symptoms may appear as the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046634/" class="def">tumor</a> grows. Check with your doctor if you have any of the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__14"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Blood in the urine.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A pain in the back that doesn't go away.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Extreme tiredness.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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Weight loss with no known reason.
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Painful or frequent urination.</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000343585__15"><h3><div class="milestone-start" id="CDR0000343585__16"></div>Tests that examine the abdomen and kidneys are used to diagnose transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter.<div class="milestone-end"></div></h3><p id="CDR0000343585__17">The following tests and procedures may be used: </p><ul id="CDR0000343585__18"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000270871/" class="def">Physical exam</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000798522/" class="def">health history</a></b>: An exam of the body to check general signs of health, including checking for signs of disease, such as lumps or anything else that seems unusual. A history of the patient’s health habits and past illnesses and treatments will also be taken.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046641/" class="def">Urinalysis</a></b>: A test to check the color of urine and its contents, such as sugar, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046092/" class="def">protein</a>, blood, and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044123/" class="def">bacteria</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000354470/" class="def">Ureteroscopy</a></b>: A procedure to look inside the ureter and renal pelvis to check for <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044636/" class="def">abnormal</a> areas. A ureteroscope is a thin, tube-like instrument with a light and a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000572035/" class="def">lens</a> for viewing. The ureteroscope is inserted through the urethra into the bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis. A tool may be inserted through the ureteroscope to take <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046683/" class="def">tissue</a> samples to be checked under a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000638184/" class="def">microscope</a> for signs of disease.<div id="CDR0000343585__165" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=A%20ureteroscopy%20is%20a%20procedure%20that%20uses%20a%20ureteroscope%20(a%20thin%2C%20tube-like%20instrument%20with%20a%20light%20and%20a%20lens%20for%20viewing)%20to%20look%20inside%20the%20ureter%20and%20renal%20pelvis%20to%20check%20for%20abnormal%20areas&p=BOOKS&id=555694_CDR0000649520.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img src="/books/NBK65846.5/bin/CDR0000649520.jpg" alt="Drawing of a female and male ureteroscopy showing the lower pelvis of a female, including the right and left kidneys, renal pelvis, ureter, uterus, bladder, and urethra, and the lower pelvis of a male, including the ureter, bladder, prostate, urethra, and penis. In both the female and male figures, a ureteroscope (a thin, tube-like instrument with a light and a lens for viewing) is shown passing through the urethra into the bladder and ureter. In the female figure, the ureteroscope is also shown passing into the renal pelvis. There is also an inset that shows a person lying on an examination table with their knees bent and legs apart, covered by a drape, and a doctor looking at an image of the inside of the ureter and/or renal pelvis on a computer monitor." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><div class="caption"><p>A ureteroscopy is a procedure that uses a ureteroscope (a thin, tube-like instrument with a light and a lens for viewing) to look inside the ureter and renal pelvis to check for abnormal areas. The ureteroscope is inserted through the urethra into the bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis. </p></div></div></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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||
<b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000270872/" class="def">Urine cytology</a></b>: A <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046590/" class="def">laboratory test</a> in which a sample of urine is checked under a microscope for abnormal cells. Cancer in the kidney, bladder, or ureter may shed cancer cells into the urine.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046033/" class="def">CT scan</a> (CAT
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scan)</b>: A procedure that makes a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body, taken from different angles. The pictures are made by a computer linked to an <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045944/" class="def">x-ray</a> machine. A <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000409764/" class="def">dye</a> may be <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044678/" class="def">injected</a> into a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000476471/" class="def">vein</a> or swallowed to help the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000257523/" class="def">organs</a> or tissues show up more clearly. This procedure is also called computed tomography, computerized tomography, or computerized axial tomography.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046157/" class="def">Ultrasound</a></b>: A procedure in which high-energy sound waves (ultrasound) are bounced off internal tissues or organs and make echoes. The echoes form a picture of body tissues called a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046587/" class="def">sonogram</a>. An ultrasound of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045070/" class="def">abdomen</a> may be done to help <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046450/" class="def">diagnose</a> cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045788/" class="def">MRI</a> (magnetic resonance imaging)</b>: A procedure that uses a magnet, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000651209/" class="def">radio waves</a>, and a computer to make a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body, such as the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046246/" class="def">pelvis</a>. This procedure is also called nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045164/" class="def">Biopsy</a></b>: The removal of cells or tissues so they can be viewed under a microscope by a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046244/" class="def">pathologist</a> to check for signs of cancer. This may be done during a ureteroscopy or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045570/" class="def">surgery</a>.</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000343585__19"><h3>Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__21">The <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045849/" class="def">prognosis</a> depends on the stage and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045702/" class="def">grade</a> of the tumor.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__118">The treatment options depend on the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__119"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>The stage and grade of the tumor.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div> Where the tumor is.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Whether the patient's other kidney is healthy.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Whether the cancer has <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046556/" class="def">recurred</a>.</div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000343585__133">Most transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter can be <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000318813/" class="def">cured</a> if found early.</p></div></div><div id="CDR0000343585__22"><h2 id="_CDR0000343585__22_">Stages of Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter</h2><div id="CDR0000343585__22.kp" class="box"><h4><span class="title">Key Points for This Section</span></h4><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__23">After transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread within the renal pelvis and ureter or to other parts of the body. </a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__159">There are three ways that cancer spreads in the body.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__169">Cancer may spread from where it began to other parts of the body.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__27">The following stages are used for transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and/or ureter:</a></div><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__29">Stage 0 (Noninvasive Papillary Carcinoma and Carcinoma in Situ) </a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__32">Stage I</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__35">Stage II</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__38">Stage III</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__41">Stage IV</a></div></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__121">Transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter is also described as localized, regional, metastatic, or recurrent: </a></div><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__123">Localized</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__126">Regional</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__129">Metastatic</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__200">Recurrent</a></div></li></ul></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000343585__23"><h3>After transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread within the renal pelvis and ureter or to other parts of the body. </h3><p id="CDR0000343585__25">The process used to find out if <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> has spread within the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046562/" class="def">renal pelvis</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046638/" class="def">ureter</a> or to other
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parts of the body is called <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046597/" class="def">staging</a>. The information gathered from the
|
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staging process determines the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045885/" class="def">stage</a> of the disease. It is important to know
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the stage in order to plan treatment. The doctor will use results of the <a href="#CDR0000343585__16">diagnostic tests</a> to help find out the stage of the disease.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__176">The following tests and
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procedures may also be used in the staging process:</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__26"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000304687/" class="def">Chest x-ray</a></b>: An <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045944/" class="def">x-ray</a> of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000257523/" class="def">organs</a> and bones inside the chest. An x-ray is a type of energy beam that can go through the body and onto film, making a picture of areas inside the body.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046140/" class="def">PET scan</a> (positron emission tomography scan)</b>: A procedure to find <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045772/" class="def">malignant</a>
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<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046634/" class="def">tumor</a>
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<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046476/" class="def">cells</a> in the body. A small amount of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000774386/" class="def">radioactive glucose</a> (sugar) is <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044678/" class="def">injected</a> into a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000476471/" class="def">vein</a>. The PET <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000386220/" class="def">scanner</a> rotates around the body and makes a picture of where glucose is being used in the body. Malignant tumor cells show up brighter in the picture because they are more active and take up more glucose than normal cells do.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><b><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046499/" class="def">Bone scan</a></b>: A procedure to check if there are rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells, in the bone. A very small amount of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046550/" class="def">radioactive</a> material is injected into a vein and travels through the bloodstream. The radioactive material collects in the bones with cancer and is detected by a scanner.</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000343585__159"><h3>There are three ways that cancer spreads in the body.</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__159_md_69">Cancer can spread through <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046683/" class="def">tissue</a>, the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045764/" class="def">lymph system</a>, and the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000270735/" class="def">blood</a>:</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__159_md_70"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tissue. The cancer spreads from where it began by growing into nearby areas.
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lymph system. The cancer spreads from where it began by getting into the lymph system. The cancer travels through the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000269462/" class="def">lymph vessels</a> to other parts of the body.
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Blood. The cancer spreads from where it began by getting into the blood. The cancer travels through the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045020/" class="def">blood vessels</a> to other parts of the body.
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</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000343585__169"><h3>Cancer may spread from where it began to other parts of the body.</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__169_md_66">When cancer spreads to another part of the body, it is called <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046710/" class="def">metastasis</a>. Cancer <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046476/" class="def">cells</a> break away from where they began (the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045847/" class="def">primary tumor</a>) and travel through the lymph system or blood.</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__169_md_67"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lymph system. The cancer gets into the lymph system, travels through the lymph vessels, and forms a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046634/" class="def">tumor</a> (<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044058/" class="def">metastatic</a> tumor) in another part of the body.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Blood. The cancer gets into the blood, travels through the blood vessels, and forms a tumor (metastatic tumor) in another part of the body.</div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000343585__171">The metastatic tumor is the same type of cancer as the primary tumor. For example, if <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046629/" class="def">transitional cell cancer</a> of the ureter spreads to the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000270740/" class="def">lung</a>, the cancer cells in the lung are actually ureter cancer cells. The disease is metastatic cancer of the ureter, not lung cancer.</p><div id="CDR0000343585__182" class="box"><h3><span class="title">metastasis: how cancer spreads</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Many cancer deaths are caused when cancer moves from the original tumor and spreads to other tissues and organs. This is called metastatic cancer. This animation shows how cancer cells travel from the place in the body where they first formed to other parts of the body.</p></div><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fQwar_-QdiQ" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">YouTube</a></p></div></div><div id="CDR0000343585__27"><h3>The following stages are used for transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and/or ureter:</h3><div id="CDR0000343585__29"><h4>Stage 0 (Noninvasive Papillary Carcinoma and Carcinoma in Situ) </h4><p id="CDR0000343585__139">In <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000413920/" class="def">stage 0</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044636/" class="def">abnormal</a>
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<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046476/" class="def">cells</a> are found in <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046683/" class="def">tissue</a> lining the inside of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046562/" class="def">renal pelvis</a> or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046638/" class="def">ureter</a>. These abnormal cells may become <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> and spread into nearby normal tissue. Stage 0 is divided into stages 0a and 0is, depending on the type of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046634/" class="def">tumor</a>:
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</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__177"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Stage 0a is also called noninvasive papillary carcinoma, which may look like long, thin growths that grow out from the tissue lining the inside of the renal pelvis or ureter.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Stage 0is is also called carcinoma in situ, which is a flat tumor on the tissue lining the inside of the renal pelvis or ureter.</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000343585__32"><h4>Stage I</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__178">In <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000413921/" class="def">stage I</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> has formed and has spread from the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046683/" class="def">tissue</a> lining the inside of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046562/" class="def">renal pelvis</a> or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046638/" class="def">ureter</a> to the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044013/" class="def">connective tissue</a> layer.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__35"><h4>Stage II</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__179">In <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000413922/" class="def">stage II</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> has spread to the muscle layer of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046562/" class="def">renal pelvis</a> or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046638/" class="def">ureter</a>.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__38"><h4>Stage III</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__40">In <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000413923/" class="def">stage III</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> has spread:</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__180"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>from the muscle layer of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046562/" class="def">renal pelvis</a> to fat around the renal pelvis or to <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046683/" class="def">tissue</a> in the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046325/" class="def">kidney</a>; or</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>from the muscle layer of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046638/" class="def">ureter</a> to fat around the ureter.</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000343585__41"><h4>Stage IV</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__43">In <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000413924/" class="def">stage IV</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> has spread to at least one of the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__181"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>a nearby <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000257523/" class="def">organ</a>. </div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>the layer of fat around the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046325/" class="def">kidney</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045762/" class="def">lymph nodes</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>other parts of the body, such as the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000270740/" class="def">lung</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046312/" class="def">liver</a>, or bone.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="CDR0000343585__121"><h3>Transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter is also described as localized, regional, metastatic, or recurrent: </h3><div id="CDR0000343585__123"><h4>Localized</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__125">The <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> is found only in the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046325/" class="def">kidney</a>.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__126"><h4>Regional</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__128">The <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> has spread to <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046683/" class="def">tissues</a> around the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046325/" class="def">kidney</a> and to nearby <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045762/" class="def">lymph nodes</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045020/" class="def">blood vessels</a> in the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046246/" class="def">pelvis</a>.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__129"><h4>Metastatic</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__131">The <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> has spread to other parts of the body.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__200"><h4>Recurrent</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__202">The <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> has <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046556/" class="def">recurred</a> (come back) after it has been treated. The cancer may come back in the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046562/" class="def">renal pelvis</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046638/" class="def">ureter</a>, or other parts of the body, such as the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000270740/" class="def">lung</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046312/" class="def">liver</a>, or bone.</p></div></div></div><div id="CDR0000343585__46"><h2 id="_CDR0000343585__46_">Treatment Option Overview</h2><div id="CDR0000343585__46.kp" class="box"><h4><span class="title">Key Points for This Section</span></h4><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__47">There are different types of treatment for patients with transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__51">One type of standard treatment is used:</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__75">New types of treatment are being tested in clinical trials.</a></div><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__77">Fulguration</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__80">Segmental resection of the renal pelvis</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__136">Laser surgery</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__141">Regional chemotherapy and regional biologic therapy</a></div></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__183">Treatment for transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter may cause side effects.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__153">Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__155">Patients can enter clinical trials before, during, or after starting their cancer treatment.</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="#CDR0000343585__157">Follow-up tests may be needed.</a></div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000343585__47"><h3>There are different types of treatment for patients with transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter.</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__49">Different types of treatments are available for patients with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046629/" class="def">transitional cell cancer</a> of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046562/" class="def">renal pelvis</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046638/" class="def">ureter</a>. Some treatments are <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044930/" class="def">standard</a> (the currently used treatment), and some are being tested in <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045961/" class="def">clinical trials</a>. A treatment clinical trial is a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000651211/" class="def">research study</a> meant to help improve current treatments or obtain information on new treatments for patients with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a>. When clinical trials show that a new treatment is better than the standard treatment, the new treatment may become the standard treatment. Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. Some clinical trials are open only to patients who have not started treatment.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__51"><h3>One type of standard treatment is used:</h3><div id="CDR0000343585__53"><h4>Surgery</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__134">One of the following <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045570/" class="def">surgical</a> procedures may be used to treat transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter:</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__135"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000354466/" class="def">Nephroureterectomy</a>: Surgery to remove the entire <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046325/" class="def">kidney</a>, the ureter, and the bladder cuff (<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046683/" class="def">tissue</a> that connects the ureter to the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046501/" class="def">bladder</a>).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000476847/" class="def">Segmental resection</a> of the ureter: A surgical procedure to remove the part of the ureter that contains cancer and some of the healthy tissue around it. The ends of the ureter are then reattached.
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This treatment is used when the cancer is <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044305/" class="def">superficial</a> and in the lower third of the ureter only, near the bladder. </div></li></ul></div></div><div id="CDR0000343585__75"><h3>New types of treatment are being tested in clinical trials.</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__152">This summary section describes treatments that are being studied in clinical trials. It may not mention every new treatment being studied. Information about clinical trials is available from the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">NCI Web site</a>.</p><div id="CDR0000343585__77"><h4>Fulguration</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__79"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046393/" class="def">Fulguration</a> is a surgical procedure that destroys tissue using an electric current. A tool with a small wire loop on the end is used to remove the cancer or to burn away the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046634/" class="def">tumor</a> with electricity.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__80"><h4>Segmental resection of the renal pelvis</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__82">This is a surgical procedure to remove <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045754/" class="def">localized</a> cancer from the renal pelvis without removing the entire kidney. Segmental resection may be done to save <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000725230/" class="def">kidney function</a> when the other kidney is damaged or has already been removed.
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</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__136"><h4>Laser surgery</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__138">A <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045748/" class="def">laser</a> beam (narrow beam of intense light) is used as a knife to remove the cancer. A laser beam can also be used to kill the cancer <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046476/" class="def">cells</a>. This procedure may also be called or laser fulguration.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__141"><h4>Regional chemotherapy and regional biologic therapy</h4><p id="CDR0000343585__143"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045214/" class="def">Chemotherapy</a> is a cancer treatment that uses <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000348921/" class="def">drugs</a> to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping the cells from dividing. <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045617/" class="def">Biologic therapy</a> is a treatment that uses the patient's <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046356/" class="def">immune system</a> to fight cancer; substances made by the body or made in a laboratory are used to boost, direct, or restore the body's natural defenses against cancer. <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044084/" class="def">Regional</a> treatment means the anticancer drugs or biologic substances are placed directly into an <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000257523/" class="def">organ</a> or a body <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000463703/" class="def">cavity</a> such as the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045070/" class="def">abdomen</a>, so the drugs will affect cancer cells in that area. Clinical trials are studying chemotherapy or biologic therapy using drugs placed directly into the renal pelvis or the ureter. </p></div></div><div id="CDR0000343585__183"><h3>Treatment for transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter may cause side effects.</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__183_md_73">For information about <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046580/" class="def">side effects</a> caused by treatment for cancer, see our <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Side Effects</a> page.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__153"><h3>Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial.</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__153_md_23">For some patients, taking part in a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045961/" class="def">clinical trial</a> may be the best treatment choice. Clinical trials are part of the cancer research process. Clinical trials are done to find out if new cancer treatments are safe and effective or better than the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044930/" class="def">standard treatment</a>.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__153_md_24">Many of today's standard treatments for cancer are based on earlier clinical trials. Patients who take part in a clinical trial may receive the standard treatment or be among the first to receive a new treatment.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__153_md_25">Patients who take part in clinical trials also help improve the way cancer will be treated in the future. Even when clinical trials do not lead to effective new treatments, they often answer important questions and help move research forward.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__155"><h3>Patients can enter clinical trials before, during, or after starting their cancer treatment.</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__155_md_29">Some clinical trials only include patients who have not yet received treatment. Other trials test treatments for patients whose cancer has not gotten better. There are also clinical trials that test new ways to stop cancer from <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046556/" class="def">recurring</a> (coming back) or reduce the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046580/" class="def">side effects</a> of cancer treatment.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__155_md_30">Clinical trials are taking place in many parts of the country. Information about clinical trials supported by NCI can be found on NCI’s <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/research/participate/clinical-trials-search" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">clinical trials search</a> webpage. Clinical trials supported by other organizations can be found on the <a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">ClinicalTrials.gov</a> website.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__157"><h3>Follow-up tests may be needed.</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__157_md_33">Some of the tests that were done to <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046450/" class="def">diagnose</a> the cancer or to find out the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045885/" class="def">stage</a> of the cancer may be repeated. Some tests will be repeated in order to see how well the treatment is working. Decisions about whether to continue, change, or stop treatment may be based on the results of these tests.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__157_md_34">Some of the tests will continue to be done from time to time after treatment has ended. The results of these tests can show if your <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000651193/" class="def">condition</a> has changed or if the cancer has <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046556/" class="def">recurred</a> (come back). These tests are sometimes called <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044671/" class="def">follow-up</a> tests or check-ups.</p></div></div><div id="CDR0000343585__186"><h2 id="_CDR0000343585__186_">Treatment of Localized Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter </h2><p id="CDR0000343585__193">For information about the treatments listed below, see the <a href="#CDR0000343585__51">Treatment Option Overview</a> section.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__187">Treatment of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045754/" class="def">localized</a>
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<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046629/" class="def">transitional cell cancer</a> of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046562/" class="def">renal pelvis</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046638/" class="def">ureter</a> may include the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__188"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045570/" class="def">Surgery</a> (<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000354466/" class="def">nephroureterectomy</a> or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000476847/" class="def">segmental resection</a> of ureter).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045961/" class="def">clinical trial</a> of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046393/" class="def">fulguration</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A clinical trial of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000322858/" class="def">laser surgery</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A clinical trial of segmental resection of the renal pelvis.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A clinical trial of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046559/" class="def">regional chemotherapy</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A clinical trial of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044084/" class="def">regional</a>
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<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045617/" class="def">biologic therapy</a>.</div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000343585__TrialSearch_186_19">Use our <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/research/participate/clinical-trials-search" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">clinical trial search</a> to find NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are accepting patients. You can search for trials based on the type of cancer, the age of the patient, and where the trials are being done. <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/research/participate/clinical-trials" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">General information</a> about clinical trials is also available.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__189"><h2 id="_CDR0000343585__189_">Treatment of Regional Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter</h2><p id="CDR0000343585__195">For information about the treatments listed below, see the <a href="#CDR0000343585__51">Treatment Option Overview</a> section.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__190">Treatment of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045865/" class="def">regional</a>
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<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046629/" class="def">transitional cell cancer</a> of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046562/" class="def">renal pelvis</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046638/" class="def">ureter</a> is usually done in a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045961/" class="def">clinical trial</a>.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__TrialSearch_189_19">Use our <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/research/participate/clinical-trials-search" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">clinical trial search</a> to find NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are accepting patients. You can search for trials based on the type of cancer, the age of the patient, and where the trials are being done. <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/research/participate/clinical-trials" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">General information</a> about clinical trials is also available.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__191"><h2 id="_CDR0000343585__191_">Treatment of Metastatic or Recurrent Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter</h2><p id="CDR0000343585__196">For information about the treatments listed below, see the <a href="#CDR0000343585__51">Treatment Option Overview</a> section.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__192">Treatment of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044058/" class="def">metastatic</a> or <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045862/" class="def">recurrent</a>
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<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046629/" class="def">transitional cell cancer</a> of the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046562/" class="def">renal pelvis</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046638/" class="def">ureter</a> is usually done in a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045961/" class="def">clinical trial</a>, which may include <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045214/" class="def">chemotherapy</a>.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__TrialSearch_191_19">Use our <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/research/participate/clinical-trials-search" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">clinical trial search</a> to find NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are accepting patients. You can search for trials based on the type of cancer, the age of the patient, and where the trials are being done. <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/research/participate/clinical-trials" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">General information</a> about clinical trials is also available.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__146"><h2 id="_CDR0000343585__146_">To Learn More About Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter</h2><p id="CDR0000343585__147">For more information from the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044266/" class="def">National Cancer Institute</a> about transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter, see the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__149"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="https://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Kidney Cancer Home Page</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/tobacco" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Tobacco </a>(includes help with quitting)</div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000343585__146_md_40">For general <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> information and other resources from the National Cancer Institute, see the following:</p><ul id="CDR0000343585__146_md_41"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">About Cancer</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/staging" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Staging</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="https://www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-education/chemo-and-you" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Chemotherapy and You: Support for People With Cancer</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="https://www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-education/radiation-therapy-and-you" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Radiation Therapy and You: Support for People With Cancer</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/coping" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Coping with Cancer</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/coping/questions" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Questions to Ask Your Doctor about Cancer</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="https://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/ocs/resources/survivors.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">For Survivors and Caregivers</a>
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</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_1"><h2 id="_CDR0000343585__AboutThis_1_">About This PDQ Summary</h2><div id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_2"><h3>About PDQ</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_3">Physician Data Query (PDQ) is the National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) comprehensive cancer information database. The PDQ database contains summaries of the latest published information on cancer prevention, detection, genetics, treatment, supportive care, and complementary and alternative medicine. Most summaries come in two versions. The health professional versions have detailed information written in technical language. The patient versions are written in easy-to-understand, nontechnical language. Both versions have cancer information that is accurate and up to date and most versions are also available in <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/espanol/publicaciones/pdq" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Spanish</a>.</p><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_4">PDQ is a service of the NCI. The NCI is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NIH is the federal government’s center of biomedical research. The PDQ summaries are based on an independent review of the medical literature. They are not policy statements of the NCI or the NIH.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_5"><h3>Purpose of This Summary</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_6">This PDQ cancer information summary has current information about the treatment of transitional cell cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter. It is meant to inform and help patients, families, and caregivers. It does not give formal guidelines or recommendations for making decisions about health care.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_7"><h3>Reviewers and Updates</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_8">Editorial Boards write the PDQ cancer information summaries and keep them up to date. These Boards are made up of experts in cancer treatment and other specialties related to cancer. The summaries are reviewed regularly and changes are made when there is new information. The date on each summary ("Updated") is the date of the most recent change.
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</p><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_9">The information in this patient summary was taken from the health professional version, which is reviewed regularly and updated as needed, by the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/publications/pdq/editorial-boards/adult-treatment" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PDQ Adult Treatment Editorial Board</a>.
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</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_10"><h3>Clinical Trial Information</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_11">A clinical trial is a study to answer a scientific question, such as whether one treatment is better than another. Trials are based on past studies and what has been learned in the laboratory. Each trial answers certain scientific questions in order to find new and better ways to help cancer patients. During treatment clinical trials, information is collected about the effects of a new treatment and how well it works. If a clinical trial shows that a new treatment is better than one currently being used, the new treatment may become "standard." Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. Some clinical trials are open only to patients who have not started treatment.
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</p><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_12">Clinical trials can be found online at <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/research/participate/clinical-trials" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">NCI's website</a>. For more information, call the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/contact/contact-center" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Cancer Information Service</a> (CIS), NCI's contact center, at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).
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</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_13"><h3>Permission to Use This Summary</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_14">PDQ is a registered trademark. The content of PDQ documents can be used freely as text. It cannot be identified as an NCI PDQ cancer information summary unless the whole summary is shown and it is updated regularly. However, a user would be allowed to write a sentence such as “NCI’s PDQ cancer information summary about breast cancer prevention states the risks in the following way: [include excerpt from the summary].”
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</p><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_15">The best way to cite this PDQ summary is:</p><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_21">PDQ® Adult Treatment Editorial Board. PDQ Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter Treatment. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute. Updated <MM/DD/YYYY>. Available at: <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney/patient/transitional-cell-treatment-pdq" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney/patient/transitional-cell-treatment-pdq</a>. Accessed <MM/DD/YYYY>. [PMID: 26389285]</p><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_16">Images in this summary are used with permission of the author(s), artist, and/or publisher for use in the PDQ summaries only. If you want to use an image from a PDQ summary and you are not using the whole summary, you must get permission from the owner. It cannot be given by the National Cancer Institute. Information about using the images in this summary, along with many other images related to cancer can be found in <a href="https://visualsonline.cancer.gov/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Visuals Online</a>. Visuals Online is a collection of more than 3,000 scientific images.
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</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_17"><h3>Disclaimer</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_18">The information in these summaries should not be used to make decisions about insurance reimbursement. More information on insurance coverage is available on Cancer.gov on the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Managing Cancer Care</a> page.</p></div><div id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_19"><h3>Contact Us</h3><p id="CDR0000343585__AboutThis_20">More information about contacting us or receiving help with the Cancer.gov website can be found on our <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/contact" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Contact Us for Help</a> page. Questions can also be submitted to Cancer.gov through the website’s <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/contact/email-us" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">E-mail Us</a>.</p></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="post-content"><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK65846</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26389285" title="PubMed record of this page" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">26389285</a></span></div></div></div>
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<div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Views</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PDF_download" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="/books/NBK65846.5/?report=reader">PubReader</a></li><li><a href="/books/NBK65846.5/?report=printable">Print View</a></li><li><a data-jig="ncbidialog" href="#_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK65846" data-jigconfig="width:400,modal:true">Cite this Page</a><div id="_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK65846" style="display:none" title="Cite this Page"><div class="bk_tt">PDQ Adult Treatment Editorial Board. Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter Treatment (PDQ®): Patient Version. 2020 Apr 10. In: PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002-. <span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></div></div></li><li><a href="#" class="toggle-glossary-link" title="Enable/disable links to the glossary">Disable Glossary Links</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Version History</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter shutter_closed" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="version_history" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content" style="display: none;"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65846.6/">NBK65846.6</a></span> March 22, 2024</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm">NBK65846.5</span> April 10, 2020 (Displayed Version)</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65846.4/">NBK65846.4</a></span> March 5, 2020</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65846.3/">NBK65846.3</a></span> April 30, 2018</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65846.2/">NBK65846.2</a></span> February 7, 2018</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65846.1/">NBK65846.1</a></span> May 22, 2015</li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>In this Page</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="page-toc" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="#CDR0000343585__1" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">General Information About Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000343585__22" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Stages of Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000343585__46" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Treatment Option Overview</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000343585__186" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Treatment of Localized Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter </a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000343585__189" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Treatment of Regional Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000343585__191" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Treatment of Metastatic or Recurrent Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000343585__146" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">To Learn More About Transitional Cell Cancer of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000343585__AboutThis_1" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">About This PDQ Summary</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Related publications</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="document-links" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="/books/NBK66010/">Health Professional Version</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Similar articles in PubMed</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PBooksDiscovery_RA" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/26389448" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=1&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" 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href="/pubmed/26389238" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=4&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Treatment (PDQ®): Patient Version.</a><span class="source">[PDQ Cancer Information Summari...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Treatment (PDQ®): Patient Version.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">PDQ Adult Treatment Editorial Board. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. 2002</em></div></div></li><li 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