491 lines
No EOL
102 KiB
HTML
491 lines
No EOL
102 KiB
HTML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
|
|
|
|
<head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
|
<!-- AppResources meta begin -->
|
|
<meta name="paf-app-resources" content="" />
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">var ncbi_startTime = new Date();</script>
|
|
|
|
<!-- AppResources meta end -->
|
|
|
|
<!-- TemplateResources meta begin -->
|
|
<meta name="paf_template" content="" />
|
|
|
|
<!-- TemplateResources meta end -->
|
|
|
|
<!-- Logger begin -->
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_db" content="books" /><meta name="ncbi_pdid" content="book-part" /><meta name="ncbi_acc" content="NBK65823" /><meta name="ncbi_domain" content="pdqcis" /><meta name="ncbi_report" content="record" /><meta name="ncbi_type" content="fulltext" /><meta name="ncbi_objectid" content="" /><meta name="ncbi_pcid" content="/NBK65823.1/" /><meta name="ncbi_pagename" content="Acupuncture (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries - NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="ncbi_bookparttype" content="chapter" /><meta name="ncbi_app" content="bookshelf" />
|
|
<!-- Logger end -->
|
|
|
|
<title>Acupuncture (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
|
|
|
|
<!-- AppResources external_resources begin -->
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/core/jig/1.15.2/css/jig.min.css" /><script type="text/javascript" src="/core/jig/1.15.2/js/jig.min.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
<!-- AppResources external_resources end -->
|
|
|
|
<!-- Page meta begin -->
|
|
<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE" /><meta name="author" content="PDQ Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine Editorial Board" /><meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]" /><meta name="citation_title" content="Acupuncture (PDQ®)" /><meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Cancer Institute (US)" /><meta name="citation_date" content="2006/05/11" /><meta name="citation_author" content="PDQ Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine Editorial Board" /><meta name="citation_pmid" content="26389264" /><meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65823/" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="acupuncture therapy" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="acupuncture therapy" /><link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="Acupuncture (PDQ®)" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Cancer Institute (US)" /><meta name="DC.Contributor" content="PDQ Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine Editorial Board" /><meta name="DC.Date" content="2006/05/11" /><meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65823/" /><meta name="DC.Language" content="en" /><meta name="description" content="Expert-reviewed information summary about acupuncture as a treatment for people with cancer or cancer-related disorders." /><meta name="og:title" content="Acupuncture (PDQ®)" /><meta name="og:type" content="book" /><meta name="og:description" content="Expert-reviewed information summary about acupuncture as a treatment for people with cancer or cancer-related disorders." /><meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65823/" /><meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-pdqcis-lrg.png" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /><meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks" /><meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/pdqcis/CDR0000458088/" /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65823/" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/figpopup.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_print.min.css" type="text/css" media="print" /><style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} .body-content h2, .body-content .h2 {border-bottom: 1px solid #97B0C8} .body-content h2.inline {border-bottom: none} a.page-toc-label , .jig-ncbismoothscroll a {text-decoration:none;border:0 !important} .temp-labeled-list .graphic {display:inline-block !important} .temp-labeled-list img{width:100%}</style><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.hoverIntent.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/common.min.js?_=3.18"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/large-obj-scrollbars.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript">window.name="mainwindow";</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/book-toc.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/books.min.js"> </script><meta name="book-collection" content="NONE" />
|
|
|
|
<!-- Page meta end -->
|
|
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/favicon.ico" /><meta name="ncbi_phid" content="CE8E6B4F7C9429F10000000000870072.m_13" />
|
|
<meta name='referrer' content='origin-when-cross-origin'/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/css/3852956/3985586/3808861/4121862/3974050/3917732/251717/4216701/14534/45193/4113719/3849091/3984811/3751656/4033350/3840896/3577051/3852958/4008682/4207974/4206132/4062871/12930/3964959/3854974/36029/4128070/9685/3549676/3609192/3609193/3609213/3395586.css" /><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/css/3411343/3882866.css" media="print" /></head>
|
|
<body class="book-part">
|
|
<div class="grid">
|
|
<div class="col twelve_col nomargin shadow">
|
|
<!-- System messages like service outage or JS required; this is handled by the TemplateResources portlet -->
|
|
<div class="sysmessages">
|
|
<noscript>
|
|
<p class="nojs">
|
|
<strong>Warning:</strong>
|
|
The NCBI web site requires JavaScript to function.
|
|
<a href="/guide/browsers/#enablejs" title="Learn how to enable JavaScript" target="_blank">more...</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</noscript>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!--/.sysmessage-->
|
|
<div class="wrap">
|
|
<div class="page">
|
|
<div class="top">
|
|
<div id="universal_header">
|
|
<section class="usa-banner">
|
|
<div class="usa-accordion">
|
|
<header class="usa-banner-header">
|
|
<div class="usa-grid usa-banner-inner">
|
|
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png" alt="U.S. flag" />
|
|
<p>An official website of the United States government</p>
|
|
<button class="non-usa-accordion-button usa-banner-button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-top" type="button">
|
|
<span class="usa-banner-button-text">Here's how you know</span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</header>
|
|
<div class="usa-banner-content usa-grid usa-accordion-content" id="gov-banner-top" aria-hidden="true">
|
|
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-gov usa-width-one-half">
|
|
<img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" alt="Dot gov" />
|
|
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<strong>The .gov means it's official.</strong>
|
|
<br />
|
|
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before
|
|
sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal
|
|
government site.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-ssl usa-width-one-half">
|
|
<img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg" alt="Https" />
|
|
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<strong>The site is secure.</strong>
|
|
<br />
|
|
The <strong>https://</strong> ensures that you are connecting to the
|
|
official website and that any information you provide is encrypted
|
|
and transmitted securely.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
<div class="usa-overlay"></div>
|
|
<header class="ncbi-header" role="banner" data-section="Header">
|
|
|
|
<div class="usa-grid">
|
|
<div class="usa-width-one-whole">
|
|
|
|
<div class="ncbi-header__logo">
|
|
<a href="/" class="logo" aria-label="NCBI Logo" data-ga-action="click_image" data-ga-label="NIH NLM Logo">
|
|
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg" alt="NIH NLM Logo" />
|
|
</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="ncbi-header__account">
|
|
<a id="account_login" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-button header-button" style="display:none" data-ga-action="open_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu">Log in</a>
|
|
<button id="account_info" class="header-button" style="display:none" aria-controls="account_popup" type="button">
|
|
<span class="fa fa-user" aria-hidden="true">
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="20px" height="20px">
|
|
<g style="fill: #fff">
|
|
<ellipse cx="12" cy="8" rx="5" ry="6"></ellipse>
|
|
<path d="M21.8,19.1c-0.9-1.8-2.6-3.3-4.8-4.2c-0.6-0.2-1.3-0.2-1.8,0.1c-1,0.6-2,0.9-3.2,0.9s-2.2-0.3-3.2-0.9 C8.3,14.8,7.6,14.7,7,15c-2.2,0.9-3.9,2.4-4.8,4.2C1.5,20.5,2.6,22,4.1,22h15.8C21.4,22,22.5,20.5,21.8,19.1z"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</svg>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<span class="username desktop-only" aria-hidden="true" id="uname_short"></span>
|
|
<span class="sr-only">Show account info</span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="ncbi-popup-anchor">
|
|
<div class="ncbi-popup account-popup" id="account_popup" aria-hidden="true">
|
|
<div class="ncbi-popup-head">
|
|
<button class="ncbi-close-button" data-ga-action="close_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu" type="button">
|
|
<span class="fa fa-times">
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 48 48" width="24px" height="24px">
|
|
<path d="M38 12.83l-2.83-2.83-11.17 11.17-11.17-11.17-2.83 2.83 11.17 11.17-11.17 11.17 2.83 2.83 11.17-11.17 11.17 11.17 2.83-2.83-11.17-11.17z"></path>
|
|
</svg>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<span class="usa-sr-only">Close</span></button>
|
|
<h4>Account</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="account-user-info">
|
|
Logged in as:<br />
|
|
<b><span class="username" id="uname_long">username</span></b>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="account-links">
|
|
<ul class="usa-unstyled-list">
|
|
<li><a id="account_myncbi" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_myncbi">Dashboard</a></li>
|
|
<li><a id="account_pubs" href="/myncbi/collections/bibliography/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_pubs">Publications</a></li>
|
|
<li><a id="account_settings" href="/account/settings/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_settings">Account settings</a></li>
|
|
<li><a id="account_logout" href="/account/signout/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_logout">Log out</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</header>
|
|
<div role="navigation" aria-label="access keys">
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_0" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="0" tabindex="-1">Access keys</a>
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_1" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="1" tabindex="-1">NCBI Homepage</a>
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_2" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url usa-sr-only" accesskey="2" tabindex="-1">MyNCBI Homepage</a>
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_3" href="#maincontent" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="3" tabindex="-1">Main Content</a>
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_4" href="#" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="4" tabindex="-1">Main Navigation</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<section data-section="Alerts">
|
|
<div class="ncbi-alerts-placeholder"></div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="header">
|
|
<div class="res_logo"><h1 class="res_name"><a href="/books/" title="Bookshelf home">Bookshelf</a></h1><h2 class="res_tagline"></h2></div>
|
|
<div class="search"><form method="get" action="/books/"><div class="search_form"><label for="database" class="offscreen_noflow">Search database</label><select id="database"><optgroup label="Recent"><option value="books" selected="selected" data-ac_dict="bookshelf-search">Books</option><option value="pcsubstance">PubChem Substance</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="clinvar" class="last">ClinVar</option></optgroup><optgroup label="All"><option value="gquery">All Databases</option><option value="assembly">Assembly</option><option value="biocollections">Biocollections</option><option value="bioproject">BioProject</option><option value="biosample">BioSample</option><option value="books" data-ac_dict="bookshelf-search">Books</option><option value="clinvar">ClinVar</option><option value="cdd">Conserved Domains</option><option value="gap">dbGaP</option><option value="dbvar">dbVar</option><option value="gene">Gene</option><option value="genome">Genome</option><option value="gds">GEO DataSets</option><option value="geoprofiles">GEO Profiles</option><option value="gtr">GTR</option><option value="ipg">Identical Protein Groups</option><option value="medgen">MedGen</option><option value="mesh">MeSH</option><option value="nlmcatalog">NLM Catalog</option><option value="nuccore">Nucleotide</option><option value="omim">OMIM</option><option value="pmc">PMC</option><option value="protein">Protein</option><option value="proteinclusters">Protein Clusters</option><option value="protfam">Protein Family Models</option><option value="pcassay">PubChem BioAssay</option><option value="pccompound">PubChem Compound</option><option value="pcsubstance">PubChem Substance</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="snp">SNP</option><option value="sra">SRA</option><option value="structure">Structure</option><option value="taxonomy">Taxonomy</option><option value="toolkit">ToolKit</option><option value="toolkitall">ToolKitAll</option><option value="toolkitbookgh">ToolKitBookgh</option></optgroup></select><div class="nowrap"><label for="term" class="offscreen_noflow" accesskey="/">Search term</label><div class="nowrap"><input type="text" name="term" id="term" title="Search Books. Use up and down arrows to choose an item from the autocomplete." value="" class="jig-ncbiclearbutton jig-ncbiautocomplete" data-jigconfig="dictionary:'bookshelf-search',disableUrl:'NcbiSearchBarAutoComplCtrl'" autocomplete="off" data-sbconfig="ds:'no',pjs:'no',afs:'no'" /></div><button id="search" type="submit" class="button_search nowrap" cmd="go">Search</button></div></div></form><ul class="searchlinks inline_list"><li>
|
|
<a href="/books/browse/">Browse Titles</a>
|
|
</li><li>
|
|
<a href="/books/advanced/">Advanced</a>
|
|
</li><li class="help">
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK3833/">Help</a>
|
|
</li><li class="disclaimer">
|
|
<a target="_blank" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="link_click" data-ga-label="disclaimer_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/about/disclaimer/">Disclaimer</a>
|
|
</li></ul></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!--<component id="Page" label="headcontent"/>-->
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<!-- site messages -->
|
|
<!-- Custom content 1 -->
|
|
<div class="col1">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="container">
|
|
<div id="maincontent" class="content eight_col col">
|
|
<!-- Custom content in the left column above book nav -->
|
|
<div class="col2">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Book content -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom content between navigation and content -->
|
|
<div class="col3">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="document">
|
|
<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002-. </p></div><div class="iconblock clearfix whole_rhythm no_top_margin bk_noprnt"><a class="img_link icnblk_img" title="Table of Contents Page" href="/books/n/pdqcis/"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-pdqcis-lrg.png" alt="Cover of PDQ Cancer Information Summaries" height="100px" width="80px" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt eight_col"><h2>PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet].</h2><a data-jig="ncbitoggler" href="#__NBK65823_dtls__">Show details</a><div style="display:none" class="ui-widget" id="__NBK65823_dtls__"><div>Bethesda (MD): <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Cancer Institute (US)</a>; 2002-.</div></div><div class="half_rhythm"></div><div class="bk_noprnt"><form method="get" action="/books/n/pdqcis/" id="bk_srch"><div class="bk_search"><label for="bk_term" class="offscreen_noflow">Search term</label><input type="text" title="Search this book" id="bk_term" name="term" value="" data-jig="ncbiclearbutton" /> <input type="submit" class="jig-ncbibutton" value="Search this book" submit="false" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;" /></div></form></div></div></div></div></div>
|
|
<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK65823_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Acupuncture (PDQ®)</span></h1><div class="subtitle whole_rhythm">Patient Version</div><p class="contrib-group"><span itemprop="author">PDQ Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine Editorial Board</span>.</p><p class="small">Published online: August 7, 2015.</p><p class="small">Created: <span itemprop="datePublished">May 11, 2006</span>.</p></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><div id="_abs_rndgid_" itemprop="description"><p id="CDR0000458088__121">This PDQ cancer information summary has current information about the use of acupuncture in the treatment of people with cancer. It is meant to inform and help patients, families, and caregivers. It does not give formal guidelines or recommendations for making decisions about health care.</p><p id="CDR0000458088__122">Editorial Boards write the PDQ cancer information summaries and keep them up to date. These Boards are made up of experts in cancer treatment and other specialties related to cancer. The summaries are reviewed regularly and changes are made when there is new information. The date on each summary ("Date Last Modified") is the date of the most recent change. The information in this patient summary was taken from the health professional version, which is reviewed regularly and updated as needed, by the PDQ Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine Editorial Board.</p></div><div id="CDR0000458088__1"><h2 id="_CDR0000458088__1_">Overview</h2><ul id="CDR0000458088__9"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046724/" class="def">Acupuncture</a> applies needles, heat, pressure, and other treatments to one or more places on the skin known as <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449727/" class="def">acupuncture points</a> (see <a href="/books/NBK65823.1/#CDR0000458088__45">Question 1</a>). </div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Acupuncture has been used in China and other Asian countries for thousands of years as part of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449722/" class="def">traditional Chinese medicine</a> (see <a href="/books/NBK65823.1/#CDR0000458088__53">Question 2</a>).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Acupuncture has been used in the United States for about 200 years (see <a href="/books/NBK65823.1/#CDR0000458088__53">Question 2</a>). </div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Acupuncture is used to treat many illnesses and ailments and in <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> patients. Patients use it to control pain and to relieve <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000390302/" class="def">nausea</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000390324/" class="def">vomiting</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000321374/" class="def">fatigue</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000256567/" class="def">hot flashes</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044537/" class="def">xerostomia</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046041/" class="def">neuropathy</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000430405/" class="def">anxiety</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000430479/" class="def">depression</a>, and sleeping problems. (see <a href="/books/NBK65823.1/#CDR0000458088__53">Question 2</a>).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Acupuncture may work by causing physical responses in <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000269443/" class="def">nerve cells</a>, the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046229/" class="def">pituitary gland</a>, and parts of the brain, affecting <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000462668/" class="def">blood pressure</a> and body temperature (see <a href="/books/NBK65823.1/#CDR0000458088__73">Question 4</a>).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044512/" class="def">Laboratory</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454774/" class="def">animal studies</a> of acupuncture for cancer treatment suggest acupuncture may also help the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046356/" class="def">immune system</a> be stronger during chemotherapy (see <a href="/books/NBK65823.1/#CDR0000458088__56">Question 7</a>).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>The strongest evidence of the effect of acupuncture has come from <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045961/" class="def">clinical trials</a> on the use of acupuncture to relieve nausea and vomiting, but acupuncture appears to be more effective in preventing vomiting than in reducing nausea (see <a href="/books/NBK65823.1/#CDR0000458088__57">Question 8</a>).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>It is important that acupuncture treatment be given by a qualified <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000463164/" class="def">practitioner</a> who uses a new set of disposable (single-use) needles for each patient (see <a href="/books/NBK65823.1/#CDR0000458088__59">Question 9</a>).</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000458088__3"><h2 id="_CDR0000458088__3_">Questions and Answers About Acupuncture</h2><ol id="CDR0000458088__24"><li id="CDR0000458088__45" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b> What is acupuncture? </b></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046724/" class="def">Acupuncture</a> applies needles, heat, pressure, and other treatments to certain places on the skin, called <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449727/" class="def">acupuncture points</a> (or acupoints), to cause a change in the physical functions of the body. The use of acupuncture is part of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449722/" class="def">traditional Chinese medicine</a> (TCM). TCM is a medical system that has been used for thousands of years to prevent, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046450/" class="def">diagnose</a>, and treat disease. </div><div class="half_rhythm">Acupuncture is based on the belief that <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454782/" class="def">qi</a> (vital energy) flows through the body along a network of paths, called <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449744/" class="def">meridians</a>. Qi is said to affect a person’s <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000441265/" class="def">spiritual</a>, emotional, mental, and physical <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000651193/" class="def">condition</a>. According to TCM, qi has two forces, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454787/" class="def">yin and yang</a>. Yin and yang are opposite forces that work together to form a whole. The forces of yin and yang depend on each other and are made from each other in an unending cycle, such as hot and cold, day and night, and health and disease. Nothing is ever all yin or all yang, both exist in all things, including people. Many of the major <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000257523/" class="def">organs</a> of the body are believed to be yin-yang pairs that must be in balance to be healthy. When a person's yin and yang are not in balance, qi can become blocked. Blocked qi causes pain, illness, or other health problems. TCM uses acupuncture, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044660/" class="def">diet</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000463714/" class="def">herbal</a>
|
|
<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044737/" class="def">therapy</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000730354/" class="def">meditation</a>, physical exercise, and massage to restore health by unblocking qi and correcting the balance of yin and yang within the person.</div><div class="half_rhythm">Most <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000613192/" class="def">acupuncturists</a> in the United States practice acupuncture according to the traditions of Chinese <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000482419/" class="def">medicine</a>. However, there are other types of acupuncture, including some used for medical treatment, that have different theories about meridians and acupoint locations.</div></li><li id="CDR0000458088__53" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>What is the history of the discovery and use of acupuncture as a
|
|
complementary treatment for cancer?</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">The oldest known medical book in China (second century BC) describes the use of needles to treat medical problems. The use of the treatment spread to other Asian countries and to other regions of the world, including to Europe by the 1700s. In the United States, acupuncture has been used for about 200 years.</div><div class="half_rhythm">Research on acupuncture began in the United States in 1976. Twenty years later, the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454785/" class="def">US Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA) approved the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449728/" class="def">acupuncture needle</a> as a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449732/" class="def">medical device</a>. Many illnesses are treated with acupuncture. In <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> treatment, its main use is to control <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045022/" class="def">symptoms</a>, including the following: <ul id="CDR0000458088__82"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Pain.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000321374/" class="def">Fatigue</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000390302/" class="def">Nausea</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000390324/" class="def">vomiting</a> caused by <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045214/" class="def">chemotherapy</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Weight loss.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000430405/" class="def">Anxiety</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000430479/" class="def">Depression</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044043/" class="def">Insomnia</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Poor <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454699/" class="def">appetite</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Dry mouth.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000256567/" class="def">Hot flashes</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000373935/" class="def">Nerve</a> problems.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000407757/" class="def">Constipation</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000306496/" class="def">diarrhea</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Failure of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045692/" class="def">gastrointestinal</a> (GI) muscles to move food through the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046189/" class="def">GI tract</a> following surgery.</div></li></ul></div><div class="half_rhythm">For cancer patients, acupuncture is used as <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044951/" class="def">complementary therapy</a>, which is treatment given in addition to <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044198/" class="def">conventional (standard) therapy</a>.</div></li><li id="CDR0000458088__54" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>What is the theory behind the claim that acupuncture is useful in treating cancer?</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">According to TCM, qi can be unblocked by using acupuncture at certain places on the skin, called acupoints. Acupoints are places where the meridians come to the surface of the body. There are more than 360 acupoints on the human body, with specific acupoints for each condition being treated.</div></li><li id="CDR0000458088__73" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>What physical effects may acupuncture have when used in cancer patients?</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">Acupuncture may cause physical responses in <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000269443/" class="def">nerve cells</a>, the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046229/" class="def">pituitary gland</a>, and parts of the brain. These responses can cause the body to release <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046092/" class="def">proteins</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045713/" class="def">hormones</a>, and brain chemicals that control a number of body functions. It is proposed that, in this way, acupuncture affects <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000462668/" class="def">blood pressure</a> and body temperature, boosts <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046356/" class="def">immune system</a> activity, and causes the body's natural painkillers, such as <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449772/" class="def">endorphins</a>, to be released.</div></li><li id="CDR0000458088__55" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>How is acupuncture administered?</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">The acupuncture method most well-known uses needles. Disposable, stainless steel needles that are slightly thicker than a human hair are inserted into the skin at acupoints. The acupuncture <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000463164/" class="def">practitioner</a> determines the correct acupoints to use for the problem being treated. The inserted needles may be twirled, moved up and down at different speeds and depths, heated, or charged with a weak electric current. There are other acupuncture methods that do not use needles. </div><div class="half_rhythm">Some acupuncture techniques include the following:<ul id="CDR0000458088__20"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449817/" class="def">Auricular</a> acupuncture: The placing of acupuncture needles at acupoints on the outer ear that match up with certain parts of the body.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000269415/" class="def">Electroacupuncture</a>: A procedure in which pulses of weak electrical current are sent through acupuncture needles into acupoints in the skin.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449745/" class="def">Trigger point acupuncture</a>: The placing of acupuncture needles in a place on the skin that is away from the painful part of the body. Trigger points have to do with referred pain, pain that is not felt at the site of injury, but is sent along <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000373935/" class="def">nerves</a> and felt elsewhere in the body.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000467844/" class="def">Laser acupuncture</a>: The use of a weak <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045748/" class="def">laser beam</a> instead of an acupuncture needle to stimulate an acupoint.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000467825/" class="def">Acupuncture point injection</a>: The use of a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000302474/" class="def">syringe</a> and needle to <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044678/" class="def">inject</a>
|
|
<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000348921/" class="def">drugs</a>, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044744/" class="def">vitamins</a>, herbal <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000407760/" class="def">extracts</a>, or other <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044669/" class="def">fluids</a> into the body at an acupoint.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000467849/" class="def">Microwave acupuncture</a>: The use of a microwave <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000635288/" class="def">device</a> attached to an acupuncture needle to deliver microwave <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045072/" class="def">radiation</a> to an acupoint.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046723/" class="def">Acupressure</a>: A type of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454761/" class="def">massage therapy</a> in which the fingers are used to press on an acupoint. In cancer patients, acupressure has been used to control symptoms such as pain or nausea and vomiting.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449724/" class="def">Moxibustion</a>: A type of heat therapy in which an herb is burned above the body to warm a meridian at an acupoint and increase the flow of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000270735/" class="def">blood</a> and qi. The herb may be placed directly on the skin, held close to the skin for several minutes, or placed on the tip of an acupuncture needle. Heat lamps may also be used to warm the acupoints.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449725/" class="def">Cupping</a>: A procedure in which a rounded glass cup is warmed and placed upside down over an area of the body, making a vacuum that holds the cup to the skin. Cupping is used to increase the flow of blood and qi. It is believed to open up the skin’s pores and allow <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046622/" class="def">toxins</a> to leave the body.
|
|
</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="CDR0000458088__85" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>What do patients feel during acupuncture?</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">Patients may have a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000449723/" class="def">needling</a> feeling during acupuncture, known as <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000467835/" class="def">de qi sensation</a>, making them feel heaviness, numbness, or tingling.</div></li><li id="CDR0000458088__56" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Have any preclinical (laboratory or animal) studies been conducted using
|
|
acupuncture?
|
|
</b></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044724/" class="def">Scientific</a> studies on the use of acupuncture to treat cancer and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046580/" class="def">side effects</a> of cancer began only recently. <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044512/" class="def">Laboratory</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454774/" class="def">animal studies</a> suggest that acupuncture can reduce vomiting caused by chemotherapy and may help the immune system be stronger during chemotherapy. Animal studies support the use of electroacupuncture to relieve cancer pain. Laboratory and animal studies have also looked at how acupuncture works for cancer treatment, such as the role of acupuncture in stimulating nerve cells that trigger the release of hormones into the blood and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045721/" class="def">immune functions</a>, including increasing <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044648/" class="def">blood cell count</a> and enhancing <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045765/" class="def">lymphocyte</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044062/" class="def">natural killer cell</a> activity. </div></li><li id="CDR0000458088__57" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Have any clinical trials (research studies with people) of acupuncture been conducted?</b></div><div class="half_rhythm"> In 1997, the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044268/" class="def">National Institutes of Health</a> (NIH) began evaluating the safety and effectiveness of acupuncture as a complementary therapy for relieving cancer-related symptoms and side effects of cancer treatments. </div><div class="half_rhythm">Studies of acupuncture in cancer care also have been done in China and other countries, including England, France, Australia, Japan, and Sweden.<ul id="CDR0000458088__63"><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Studies of the effect of acupuncture on the immune system</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">Human studies on the effect of acupuncture on the immune system have been done and suggest that acupuncture may improve <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045722/" class="def">immune response</a>.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Studies of the effect of acupuncture on pain</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">In <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044195/" class="def">clinical studies</a>, acupuncture reduced the amount of cancer pain in some patients. In one study, most of the patients treated with acupuncture were able to stop taking drugs for pain relief or to take smaller <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044664/" class="def">doses</a>. The findings from these studies are not considered strong, however, because of weaknesses in study design and size. Studies using strict scientific methods are needed to prove how acupuncture affects pain.</div><div class="half_rhythm">In four of five <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045858/" class="def">randomized clinical trials</a> on pain after surgery, acupuncture reduced the pain. The studies included small numbers of patients and unknown additional treatments, and there was no <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046688/" class="def">placebo</a> treatment in some of them. More trials are needed to answer all questions.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Studies of the effect of acupuncture on muscle and joint pain from aromatase inhibitors</b></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044232/" class="def">Aromatase inhibitors</a>, a type of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045110/" class="def">hormone therapy</a> for <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045269/" class="def">postmenopausal</a> women who have hormone-dependent <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000444971/" class="def">breast cancer</a>, may cause muscle and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000458080/" class="def">joint</a> pain. </div><div class="half_rhythm">Studies of acupuncture for pain caused by aromatase inhibitors include the following:<dl id="CDR0000458088__98" class="temp-labeled-list"><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">Four randomized controlled trials compared the effects of real and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045078/" class="def">sham</a> acupuncture in reducing these symptoms. In sham acupuncture, needles do not go as deep and are not used at the same points on the body. All four trials showed no side effects from either real acupuncture or sham acupuncture. One trial showed real acupuncture was much better than sham acupuncture in relieving joint and muscle pain, but the other three trials did not show that. In one of the studies, patients receiving real acupuncture had more pain relief than a <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044149/" class="def">control group</a> of patients who were waiting to receive treatment later.</p></dd><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">An <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000286105/" class="def">observational study</a> showed that acupuncture is safe, patients are helped by both real and sham acupuncture, and both real acupuncture and sham acupuncture may relieve pain more than <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044930/" class="def">standard care</a>.</p></dd><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">A review of 17,922 patients reported that real acupuncture relieved pain much better than sham acupuncture. </p></dd></dl></div><div class="half_rhythm">An ongoing randomized clinical trial of 228 patients is comparing real acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and standard care in breast cancer <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000450125/" class="def">survivors</a> with muscle and joint pain from aromatase inhibitors.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Studies of the effect of acupuncture on nausea and vomiting caused by cancer therapies </b></div><div class="half_rhythm">The strongest evidence of the effect of acupuncture has come from <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045961/" class="def">clinical trials</a> on the use of acupuncture to relieve nausea and vomiting. </div><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, surgery, and morning sickness:</b><dl id="CDR0000458088__114" class="temp-labeled-list"><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">A 2013 review that included 41 randomized controlled trials found that acupuncture was helpful as a complementary treatment for nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy. </p></dd><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">Another review, of 11 randomized clinical trials published between 1987 and 2003, found that fewer chemotherapy patients in the acupuncture groups had vomiting. Not all of the studies had a sham acupuncture group as a control. </p></dd></dl></div><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Nausea and vomiting caused by radiation therapy:</b><dl id="CDR0000458088__115" class="temp-labeled-list"><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin"> Patients who received either true acupuncture or sham acupuncture were compared to patients who received only standard care to prevent nausea and vomiting. The study found that patients in both the true and sham acupuncture groups had less nausea and vomiting than those in the standard care group.</p></dd></dl></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Studies of the effect of acupuncture on hot flashes in patients treated for cancer</b></div><div class="half_rhythm"> Hormone therapy may cause hot flashes in women with breast cancer and men with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000445079/" class="def">prostate cancer</a>. <dl id="CDR0000458088__116" class="temp-labeled-list"><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">Six randomized clinical trials studied the use of acupuncture to prevent hot flashes in breast cancer survivors. These trials found that acupuncture was safe and decreased hot flashes significantly. It is not clear whether real acupuncture works better than sham acupuncture.</p></dd><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">Some studies have reported that acupuncture may relieve hot flashes in prostate cancer patients on <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000559086/" class="def">androgen-deprivation therapy</a>.</p></dd></dl></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Studies of the effect of acupuncture on fatigue in patients treated for cancer</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">Fatigue is a common symptom in patients with cancer and a frequent side effect of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. <ul id="CDR0000458088__117"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Several randomized clinical trials have studied the use of acupuncture in reducing cancer-related fatigue. These trials found that acupuncture significantly improved fatigue when compared to standard care alone. It is not clear whether real acupuncture works better than sham acupuncture.</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Studies of the effect of acupuncture on xerostomia (dry mouth) in patients treated for cancer</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">Several clinical trials have been done to study the effect of acupuncture in the treatment and prevention of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044537/" class="def">xerostomia</a> (dry mouth) caused by radiation therapy given to patients with <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000445072/" class="def">nasopharyngeal carcinoma</a> and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000257519/" class="def">head and neck cancer</a>.<dl id="CDR0000458088__106" class="temp-labeled-list"><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">Two studies compared acupuncture with standard care for preventing xerostomia in patients being treated with radiation therapy. The studies found that patients treated with acupuncture during radiation therapy had fewer symptoms and increased <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000257526/" class="def">saliva</a> flow.</p></dd><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">In studies that compared acupuncture to standard care for treating xerostomia caused by radiation therapy, acupuncture improved xerostomia symptoms better than standard care.</p></dd><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">Two randomized controlled trials compared real and sham acupuncture for the prevention and treatment of xerostomia. These trials found that both real and sham acupuncture increased the flow of saliva.</p></dd><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">A prevention study compared acupuncture to standard care for xerostomia and found that patients treated with acupuncture reported fewer symptoms and had better saliva flow than the standard care group.</p></dd><dt>-</dt><dd><p class="no_top_margin">A study on the long-term effects of acupuncture on xerostomia found that patients had better <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046196/" class="def">salivary</a> flow at 6 months compared to before treatment. Patients who received additional acupuncture had increased saliva flow at 3 years compared to patients who did not continue acupuncture treatment.</p></dd></dl></div><div class="half_rhythm">Other trials are ongoing. </div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Studies of the effect of acupuncture on peripheral neuropathy caused by anticancer drugs</b></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044705/" class="def">Peripheral neuropathy</a> is a nerve problem that causes pain, numbness, tingling, swelling, or muscle weakness in different parts of the body. It usually begins in the hands or feet and gets worse over time. Peripheral neuropathy may be caused by chemotherapy or other treatments or conditions. It can become serious enough that cancer treatment has to be reduced or stopped. If left untreated, it can disable the patient and lower the <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045417/" class="def">quality of life</a>. </div><div class="half_rhythm">Several small studies have been done on the use of acupuncture in treating peripheral neuropathy caused by chemotherapy or other anticancer drugs. Most of these studies found acupuncture decreased pain and improved nerve function. A randomized controlled trial, however, found that acupuncture did not work better than a placebo. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Studies of the effect of acupuncture on lymphedema in breast-cancer patients</b></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045359/" class="def">Lymphedema</a> is a condition in which <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044434/" class="def">lymph fluid</a> builds up in <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046683/" class="def">tissues</a> and causes swelling. It may occur in an arm or leg if <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000269462/" class="def">lymph vessels</a> are blocked, damaged, or removed by surgery. Lymphedema is a lifelong concern for many breast cancer patients. </div><div class="half_rhythm">There have been a number of <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044007/" class="def">case reports</a> and studies that show acupuncture is safe and may decrease swelling and relieve symptoms in patients with lymphedema in the arms and legs. In one randomized clinical trial, acupuncture was found to keep lymphedema from getting worse but did not decrease swelling or symptoms. More studies are needed.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Studies of the effect of acupuncture on ileus caused by cancer surgery</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">After cancer surgery, some patients develop <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000558995/" class="def">ileus</a>, the failure of gastrointestinal (GI) muscles to move food through the GI tract. Three randomized clinical trials studied acupuncture for this condition and had different findings:<ul id="CDR0000458088__108"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A trial that compared acupuncture to standard care reported that acupuncture was not effective. </div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A trial that compared real and sham acupuncture found no difference between the two. </div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A trial that compared real acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and no acupuncture found that real acupuncture shortened the length of time ileus lasted.</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Studies of the effect of acupuncture on sleeping problems</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">A study that compared acupuncture with the drug <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045374/" class="def">fluoxetine</a> (used to treat depression) found that acupuncture worked better in relieving depression and improving sleep. Another study found that acupuncture improved sleep slightly better than standard care. More studies are needed.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Studies of the effect of acupuncture on other symptoms of cancer and side effects of cancer treatment</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">The aim of most acupuncture <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000286105/" class="def">clinical observation</a> and clinical trials in cancer patients has been to study the effects of acupuncture on cancer symptoms and side effects caused by cancer treatment, including weight loss, cough, coughing up blood, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000450108/" class="def">fever</a>, anxiety, depression, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000454770/" class="def">proctitis</a>, speech problems, blocked <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046408/" class="def">esophagus</a>, and hiccups. Studies have shown that, for many patients, treatment with acupuncture either relieves symptoms or keeps them from getting worse.</div></li></ul></div></li><li id="CDR0000458088__59" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Have any side effects or risks been reported from acupuncture?</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">There have been few <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000463706/" class="def">complications</a> reported. Problems are caused by using needles that are not <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000046600/" class="def">sterile</a> (free of germs) and from placing the needle in the wrong place, movement of the patient, or a defect in the needle. Problems include soreness and pain during treatment; feeling tired, lightheaded, or sleepy; and <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045364/" class="def">infections</a>. Because chemotherapy and radiation therapy weaken the body's immune system, a strict clean needle method must be used when acupuncture treatment is given to cancer patients. It is important to seek treatment from a qualified acupuncture <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000463164/" class="def">practitioner</a> who uses a new set of disposable (single-use) needles for each patient.
|
|
</div></li><li id="CDR0000458088__60" class="half_rhythm"><div class="half_rhythm"><b>Is acupuncture approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use as a cancer treatment in the United States?</b></div><div class="half_rhythm">The FDA approved acupuncture needles for use by licensed practitioners in 1996. The FDA requires that sterile, <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044509/" class="def">nontoxic</a> needles be used and that they be labeled for single use by qualified practitioners only.</div><div class="half_rhythm">More than 40 states and the District of Columbia have laws regulating acupuncture practice. The National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (<a href="http://www.nccaom.org/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">www.nccaom.org</a>) certifies practitioners of acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Most states require this certification.</div></li></ol></div><div id="CDR0000458088__80"><h2 id="_CDR0000458088__80_">Current Clinical Trials</h2><p id="CDR0000458088__TrialSearch_80_15">Check the list of NCI-supported cancer clinical trials for cancer CAM clinical trials on <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?idtype=5&id=372888&tt=0&format=1" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">acupuncture therapy</a>, <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?idtype=5&id=593612&tt=0&format=1" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation</a>, <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?idtype=5&id=372889&tt=0&format=1" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">electroacupuncture therapy</a> and <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?idtype=5&id=372894&tt=0&format=1" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">acupressure therapy</a> that are actively enrolling patients. </p><p id="CDR0000458088__TrialSearch_80_16">General information about clinical trials is available from the <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">NCI website</a>.</p></div><div id="CDR0000458088__25"><h2 id="_CDR0000458088__25_">Changes to This Summary (08/07/2015)</h2><p id="CDR0000458088__26">The <a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000044271/" class="def">PDQ</a>
|
|
<a href="/books/n/pdqcis/glossary/def-item/glossary_CDR0000045333/" class="def">cancer</a> information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.</p><p id="CDR0000458088__27">Changes were made to this summary to match those made to the health professional version.</p></div><div id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_1"><h2 id="_CDR0000458088__AboutThis_1_">About This PDQ Summary</h2><div id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_2"><h3>About PDQ</h3><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_3">Physician Data Query (PDQ) is the National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) comprehensive cancer information database. The PDQ database contains summaries of the latest published information on cancer prevention, detection, genetics, treatment, supportive care, and complementary and alternative medicine. Most summaries come in two versions. The health professional versions have detailed information written in technical language. The patient versions are written in easy-to-understand, nontechnical language. Both versions have cancer information that is accurate and up to date and most versions are also available in <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/espanol/publicaciones/pdq" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Spanish</a>.</p><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_4">PDQ is a service of the NCI. The NCI is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NIH is the federal government’s center of biomedical research. The PDQ summaries are based on an independent review of the medical literature. They are not policy statements of the NCI or the NIH.</p></div><div id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_5"><h3>Purpose of This Summary</h3><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_6">This PDQ cancer information summary has current information about the use of acupuncture in the treatment of people with cancer. It is meant to inform and help patients, families, and caregivers. It does not give formal guidelines or recommendations for making decisions about health care.</p></div><div id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_7"><h3>Reviewers and Updates</h3><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_8">Editorial Boards write the PDQ cancer information summaries and keep them up to date. These Boards are made up of experts in cancer treatment and other specialties related to cancer. The summaries are reviewed regularly and changes are made when there is new information. The date on each summary ("Date Last Modified") is the date of the most recent change.
|
|
</p><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_9">The information in this patient summary was taken from the health professional version, which is reviewed regularly and updated as needed, by the <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/publications/pdq/editorial-boards/cam" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">PDQ Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine Editorial Board</a>.
|
|
</p></div><div id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_10"><h3>Clinical Trial Information</h3><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_11">A clinical trial is a study to answer a scientific question, such as whether one treatment is better than another. Trials are based on past studies and what has been learned in the laboratory. Each trial answers certain scientific questions in order to find new and better ways to help cancer patients. During treatment clinical trials, information is collected about the effects of a new treatment and how well it works. If a clinical trial shows that a new treatment is better than one currently being used, the new treatment may become "standard." Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. Some clinical trials are open only to patients who have not started treatment.
|
|
</p><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_12">Clinical trials are listed in PDQ and can be found online at <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">NCI's website</a>. Many cancer doctors who take part in clinical trials are also listed in PDQ. For more information, call the Cancer Information Service 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).
|
|
</p></div><div id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_13"><h3>Permission to Use This Summary</h3><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_14">PDQ is a registered trademark. The content of PDQ documents can be used freely as text. It cannot be identified as an NCI PDQ cancer information summary unless the whole summary is shown and it is updated regularly. However, a user would be allowed to write a sentence such as “NCI’s PDQ cancer information summary about breast cancer prevention states the risks in the following way: [include excerpt from the summary].”
|
|
</p><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_15">The best way to cite this PDQ summary is:</p><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_21">National Cancer Institute: PDQ® Acupuncture. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute. Date last modified <MM/DD/YYYY>. Available at: <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/patient/acupuncture-pdq" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/patient/acupuncture-pdq</a>. Accessed <MM/DD/YYYY>.</p><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_16">Images in this summary are used with permission of the author(s), artist, and/or publisher for use in the PDQ summaries only. If you want to use an image from a PDQ summary and you are not using the whole summary, you must get permission from the owner. It cannot be given by the National Cancer Institute. Information about using the images in this summary, along with many other images related to cancer can be found in <a href="http://visualsonline.cancer.gov/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Visuals Online</a>. Visuals Online is a collection of more than 2,000 scientific images.
|
|
</p></div><div id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_17"><h3>Disclaimer</h3><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_18">The information in these summaries should not be used to make decisions about insurance reimbursement. More information on insurance coverage is available on Cancer.gov on the <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Managing Cancer Care</a> page.</p></div><div id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_19"><h3>Contact Us</h3><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutThis_20">More information about contacting us or receiving help with the Cancer.gov website can be found on our <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/contact" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Contact Us for Help</a> page. Questions can also be submitted to Cancer.gov through the website’s <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/contact/email-us" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">E-mail Us</a>.</p></div></div><div id="CDR0000458088__AboutCAM_2"><h2 id="_CDR0000458088__AboutCAM_2_">General CAM Information</h2><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutCAM_3">Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)—also referred to as integrative medicine—includes a broad range of healing philosophies, approaches, and therapies. A therapy is generally called complementary when it is used in addition to conventional treatments; it is often called alternative when it is used instead of conventional treatment. (Conventional treatments are those that are widely accepted and practiced by the mainstream medical community.) Depending on how they are used, some therapies can be considered either complementary or alternative. Complementary and alternative therapies are used in an effort to prevent illness, reduce stress, prevent or reduce side effects and symptoms, or control or cure disease. </p><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutCAM_4">Unlike conventional treatments for cancer, complementary and alternative therapies are often not covered by insurance companies. Patients should check with their insurance provider to find out about coverage for complementary and alternative therapies. </p><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutCAM_5">Cancer patients considering complementary and alternative therapies should discuss this decision with their doctor, nurse, or pharmacist as they would any therapeutic approach, because some complementary and alternative therapies may interfere with their standard treatment or may be harmful when used with conventional treatment. </p></div><div id="CDR0000458088__AboutCAM_6"><h2 id="_CDR0000458088__AboutCAM_6_">Evaluation of CAM Approaches</h2><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutCAM_7">It is important that the same rigorous scientific evaluation used to assess conventional approaches be used to evaluate CAM therapies. The National Cancer Institute and the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) are sponsoring a number of clinical trials (research studies) at medical centers to evaluate CAM therapies for cancer. </p><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutCAM_8">Conventional approaches to cancer treatment have generally been studied for safety and effectiveness through a rigorous scientific process that includes clinical trials with large numbers of patients. Less is known about the safety and effectiveness of complementary and alternative methods. Few CAM therapies have undergone rigorous evaluation. A small number of CAM therapies originally considered to be purely alternative approaches are finding a place in cancer treatment—not as cures, but as complementary therapies that may help patients feel better and recover faster. One example is acupuncture. According to a panel of experts at a National Institutes of Health (NIH) in November 1997, acupuncture has been found to be effective in the management of chemotherapy-associated nausea and vomiting and in controlling pain associated with surgery. In contrast, some approaches, such as the use of laetrile, have been studied and found ineffective or potentially harmful.</p><p id="CDR0000458088__AboutCAM_9"><a href="http://cam.cancer.gov/cam/best_case_intro.html" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">The NCI Best Case Series Program</a> which was started in 1991, is one way CAM approaches that are being used in practice are being investigated. The program is overseen by the NCI’s Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine (OCCAM). Health care professionals who offer alternative cancer therapies submit their patients’ medical records and related materials to OCCAM. OCCAM conducts a critical review of the materials and develops follow-up research strategies for approaches deemed to warrant NCI-initiated research.</p></div><div id="CDR0000458088__QandA_2"><h2 id="_CDR0000458088__QandA_2_">Questions to Ask Your Health Care Provider About CAM</h2><p id="CDR0000458088__QandA_3">When considering complementary and alternative therapies, patients should ask their health care provider the following questions: </p><ul id="CDR0000458088__QandA_4"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>What side effects can be expected?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>What are the risks associated with this therapy?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Do the known benefits outweigh the risks?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>What benefits can be expected from this therapy?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Will the therapy interfere with conventional treatment?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Is this therapy part of a clinical trial?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>If so, who is sponsoring the trial?</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Will the therapy be covered by health insurance?</div></li></ul></div><div id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_2"><h2 id="_CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_2_">To Learn More About CAM</h2><p id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_3"><b><i>National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH)</i></b></p><p id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_4">The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) facilitates research and evaluation of complementary and alternative practices, and provides information about a variety of approaches to health professionals and the public.</p><ul id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_5" class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>NCCIH Clearinghouse</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Post Office Box 7923 Gaithersburg, MD 20898–7923</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Telephone: 1-888-644-6226 (toll free)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>TTY (for deaf and hard of hearing callers): 1-866-464-3615</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>E-mail: info@nccih.nih.gov</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Website: <a href="https://nccih.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://nccih.nih.gov</a></div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_15"><b><i>CAM on PubMed</i></b></p><p id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_16">NCCIH and the NIH National Library of Medicine (NLM) jointly developed <a href="https://nccih.nih.gov/research/camonpubmed" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">CAM on PubMed</a>, a free and easy-to-use search tool for finding CAM-related journal citations. As a subset of the NLM's PubMed bibliographic database, CAM on PubMed features more than 230,000 references and abstracts for CAM-related articles from scientific journals. This database also provides links to the websites of over 1,800 journals, allowing users to view full-text articles. (A subscription or other fee may be required to access full-text articles.) </p><p id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_17"><b><i>Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine</i></b></p><p id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_18">The NCI Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine (OCCAM) coordinates the activities of the NCI in the area of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). OCCAM supports CAM cancer research and provides information about cancer-related CAM to health providers and the general public via the <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">NCI website</a>. </p><p id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_19"><b><i>National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Information Service</i></b></p><p id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_20">U.S. residents may call the NCI Cancer Information Service toll free at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237) Monday through Friday from 8:00 am to 8:00 pm. A trained Cancer Information Specialist is available to answer your questions.</p><p id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_8"><b><i>Food and Drug Administration </i></b></p><p id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_9">The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates drugs and medical devices to ensure that they are safe and effective. </p><ul id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_10" class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Food and Drug Administration </div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>10903 New Hampshire Avenue</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Silver Spring, MD 20993</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Telephone: 1-888-463-6332 (toll free)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Website: <a href="http://www.fda.gov/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">http://www.fda.gov</a></div></li></ul><p id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_11"><b><i>Federal Trade Commission </i></b></p><p id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_12">The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) enforces consumer protection laws. Publications available from the FTC include: </p><ul id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_13"><li class="half_rhythm"><div><i>Who Cares: Sources of Information About Health Care Products and Services </i></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div><i>Fraudulent Health Claims: Don’t Be Fooled </i></div></li></ul><ul id="CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_14" class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Consumer Response Center</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Federal Trade Commission</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Washington, DC 20580</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Telephone: 1-877-FTC-HELP (1-877-382-4357) (toll free)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>TTY (for deaf and hard of hearing callers): 202-326-2502</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Website: <a href="http://www.ftc.gov/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">http://www.ftc.gov</a></div></li></ul></div></div></div>
|
|
<div class="post-content"><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK65823</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26389264" title="PubMed record of this page" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">26389264</a></span></div></div></div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom content below content -->
|
|
<div class="col4">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Book content -->
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom contetnt below bottom nav -->
|
|
<div class="col5">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div id="rightcolumn" class="four_col col last">
|
|
<!-- Custom content above discovery portlets -->
|
|
<div class="col6">
|
|
<div id="ncbi_share_book"><a href="#" class="ncbi_share" data-ncbi_share_config="popup:false,shorten:true" ref="id=NBK65823&db=books">Share</a></div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Views</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PDF_download" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="/books/NBK65823.1/?report=reader">PubReader</a></li><li><a href="/books/NBK65823.1/?report=printable">Print View</a></li><li><a data-jig="ncbidialog" href="#_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK65823" data-jigconfig="width:400,modal:true">Cite this Page</a><div id="_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK65823" style="display:none" title="Cite this Page"><div class="bk_tt">PDQ Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine Editorial Board. Acupuncture (PDQ®): Patient Version. 2015 Aug 7. In: PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002-. <span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></div></div></li><li><a href="#" class="toggle-glossary-link" title="Enable/disable links to the glossary">Disable Glossary Links</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Version History</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter shutter_closed" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="version_history" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content" style="display: none;"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.15/">NBK65823.15</a></span> April 9, 2024</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.14/">NBK65823.14</a></span> December 19, 2023</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.13/">NBK65823.13</a></span> July 12, 2023</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.12/">NBK65823.12</a></span> June 30, 2022</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.11/">NBK65823.11</a></span> November 12, 2020</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.10/">NBK65823.10</a></span> August 5, 2020</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.9/">NBK65823.9</a></span> June 12, 2020</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.8/">NBK65823.8</a></span> November 15, 2019</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.7/">NBK65823.7</a></span> June 20, 2019</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.6/">NBK65823.6</a></span> November 2, 2018</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.5/">NBK65823.5</a></span> March 30, 2018</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.4/">NBK65823.4</a></span> October 27, 2017</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.3/">NBK65823.3</a></span> November 1, 2016</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm"><a href="/books/NBK65823.2/">NBK65823.2</a></span> November 20, 2015</li><li><span class="bk_col_itm">NBK65823.1</span> August 7, 2015 (Displayed Version)</li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>In this Page</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="page-toc" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="#CDR0000458088__1" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Overview</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000458088__3" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Questions and Answers About Acupuncture</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000458088__80" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Current Clinical Trials</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000458088__25" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Changes to This Summary (08/07/2015)</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000458088__AboutThis_1" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">About This PDQ Summary</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000458088__AboutCAM_2" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">General CAM Information</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000458088__AboutCAM_6" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Evaluation of CAM Approaches</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000458088__QandA_2" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">Questions to Ask Your Health Care Provider About CAM</a></li><li><a href="#CDR0000458088__ToLearnMore_2" ref="log$=inpage&link_id=inpage">To Learn More About CAM</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Related publications</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="document-links" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="/books/NBK65714/">Health Professional Version</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Similar articles in PubMed</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PBooksDiscovery_RA" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/26389508" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=1&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Topics in Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies (PDQ®): Patient Version.</a><span class="source">[PDQ Cancer Information Summari...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Topics in Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies (PDQ®): Patient Version.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. 2002</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/26389214" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=2&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> 714-X (PDQ®): Patient Version.</a><span class="source">[PDQ Cancer Information Summari...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> 714-X (PDQ®): Patient Version.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. 2002</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/26389408" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=3&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Gerson Therapy (PDQ®): Patient Version.</a><span class="source">[PDQ Cancer Information Summari...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Gerson Therapy (PDQ®): Patient Version.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. 2002</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/26389167" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=4&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Laetrile/Amygdalin (PDQ®): Patient Version.</a><span class="source">[PDQ Cancer Information Summari...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Laetrile/Amygdalin (PDQ®): Patient Version.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. 2002</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/26389415" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=5&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Mistletoe Extracts (PDQ®): Patient Version.</a><span class="source">[PDQ Cancer Information Summari...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Mistletoe Extracts (PDQ®): Patient Version.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. 2002</em></div></div></li></ul><a class="seemore" href="/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed_reviews&uid=26389264" ref="ordinalpos=1&log$=relatedreviews_seeall&logdbfrom=pubmed">See reviews...</a><a class="seemore" href="/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&uid=26389264" ref="ordinalpos=1&log$=relatedarticles_seeall&logdbfrom=pubmed">See all...</a></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Recent Activity</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="recent_activity" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" id="HTDisplay" class=""><div class="action"><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('ClearHT')">Clear</a><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOff')" class="HTOn">Turn Off</a><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOn')" class="HTOff">Turn On</a></div><ul id="activity"><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=1" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c947a4f4a390645ec45c57">Acupuncture (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Acupuncture (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_qry two_line"><a class="htb" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=2" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c946a3f4a390645ebcf2fd">PMC Links for Books (Select 2822956) <span class="number">(27)</span></a><div class="tertiary">PMC</div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=3" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67c946a2f4a390645ebce96b">Adult Soft Tissue Sarcoma Treatment (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Adult Soft Tissue Sarcoma Treatment (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li></ul><p class="HTOn">Your browsing activity is empty.</p><p class="HTOff">Activity recording is turned off.</p><p id="turnOn" class="HTOff"><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOn')">Turn recording back on</a></p><a class="seemore" href="/sites/myncbi/recentactivity">See more...</a></div></div></div>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom content below discovery portlets -->
|
|
<div class="col7">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom content after all -->
|
|
<div class="col8">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col9">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.scrollTo-1.4.2.js"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
(function($){
|
|
$('.skiplink').each(function(i, item){
|
|
var href = $($(item).attr('href'));
|
|
href.attr('tabindex', '-1').addClass('skiptarget'); // ensure the target can receive focus
|
|
$(item).on('click', function(event){
|
|
event.preventDefault();
|
|
$.scrollTo(href, 0, {
|
|
onAfter: function(){
|
|
href.focus();
|
|
}
|
|
});
|
|
});
|
|
});
|
|
})(jQuery);
|
|
</script>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="bottom">
|
|
|
|
<div id="NCBIFooter_dynamic">
|
|
<!--<component id="Breadcrumbs" label="breadcrumbs"/>
|
|
<component id="Breadcrumbs" label="helpdesk"/>-->
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="footer" id="footer">
|
|
<section class="icon-section">
|
|
<div id="icon-section-header" class="icon-section_header">Follow NCBI</div>
|
|
<div class="grid-container container">
|
|
<div class="icon-section_container">
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_twitter" href="https://twitter.com/ncbi" aria-label="Twitter"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
|
<defs>
|
|
<style>
|
|
.cls-11 {
|
|
fill: #737373;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
</defs>
|
|
<title>Twitter</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-11" d="M250.11,105.48c-7,3.14-13,3.25-19.27.14,8.12-4.86,8.49-8.27,11.43-17.46a78.8,78.8,0,0,1-25,9.55,39.35,39.35,0,0,0-67,35.85,111.6,111.6,0,0,1-81-41.08A39.37,39.37,0,0,0,81.47,145a39.08,39.08,0,0,1-17.8-4.92c0,.17,0,.33,0,.5a39.32,39.32,0,0,0,31.53,38.54,39.26,39.26,0,0,1-17.75.68,39.37,39.37,0,0,0,36.72,27.3A79.07,79.07,0,0,1,56,223.34,111.31,111.31,0,0,0,116.22,241c72.3,0,111.83-59.9,111.83-111.84,0-1.71,0-3.4-.1-5.09C235.62,118.54,244.84,113.37,250.11,105.48Z">
|
|
</path>
|
|
</svg></a>
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/ncbi.nlm" aria-label="Facebook"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
|
<title>Facebook</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-11" d="M210.5,115.12H171.74V97.82c0-8.14,5.39-10,9.19-10h27.14V52l-39.32-.12c-35.66,0-42.42,26.68-42.42,43.77v19.48H99.09v36.32h27.24v109h45.41v-109h35Z">
|
|
</path>
|
|
</svg></a>
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ncbinlm" aria-label="LinkedIn"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
|
<title>LinkedIn</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-11" d="M101.64,243.37H57.79v-114h43.85Zm-22-131.54h-.26c-13.25,0-21.82-10.36-21.82-21.76,0-11.65,8.84-21.15,22.33-21.15S101.7,78.72,102,90.38C102,101.77,93.4,111.83,79.63,111.83Zm100.93,52.61A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,163,182v61.39H119.18s.51-105.23,0-114H163v13a54.33,54.33,0,0,1,34.54-12.66c26,0,44.39,18.8,44.39,55.29v58.35H198.1V182A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,180.56,164.44Z">
|
|
</path>
|
|
</svg></a>
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_github" href="https://github.com/ncbi" aria-label="GitHub"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
|
<defs>
|
|
<style>
|
|
.cls-11,
|
|
.cls-12 {
|
|
fill: #737373;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.cls-11 {
|
|
fill-rule: evenodd;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
</defs>
|
|
<title>GitHub</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-11" d="M151.36,47.28a105.76,105.76,0,0,0-33.43,206.1c5.28,1,7.22-2.3,7.22-5.09,0-2.52-.09-10.85-.14-19.69-29.42,6.4-35.63-12.48-35.63-12.48-4.81-12.22-11.74-15.47-11.74-15.47-9.59-6.56.73-6.43.73-6.43,10.61.75,16.21,10.9,16.21,10.9,9.43,16.17,24.73,11.49,30.77,8.79,1-6.83,3.69-11.5,6.71-14.14C108.57,197.1,83.88,188,83.88,147.51a40.92,40.92,0,0,1,10.9-28.39c-1.1-2.66-4.72-13.42,1-28,0,0,8.88-2.84,29.09,10.84a100.26,100.26,0,0,1,53,0C198,88.3,206.9,91.14,206.9,91.14c5.76,14.56,2.14,25.32,1,28a40.87,40.87,0,0,1,10.89,28.39c0,40.62-24.74,49.56-48.29,52.18,3.79,3.28,7.17,9.71,7.17,19.58,0,14.15-.12,25.54-.12,29,0,2.82,1.9,6.11,7.26,5.07A105.76,105.76,0,0,0,151.36,47.28Z">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M85.66,199.12c-.23.52-1.06.68-1.81.32s-1.2-1.06-.95-1.59,1.06-.69,1.82-.33,1.21,1.07.94,1.6Zm-1.3-1">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M90,203.89c-.51.47-1.49.25-2.16-.49a1.61,1.61,0,0,1-.31-2.19c.52-.47,1.47-.25,2.17.49s.82,1.72.3,2.19Zm-1-1.08">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M94.12,210c-.65.46-1.71,0-2.37-.91s-.64-2.07,0-2.52,1.7,0,2.36.89.65,2.08,0,2.54Zm0,0"></path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M99.83,215.87c-.58.64-1.82.47-2.72-.41s-1.18-2.06-.6-2.7,1.83-.46,2.74.41,1.2,2.07.58,2.7Zm0,0">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M107.71,219.29c-.26.82-1.45,1.2-2.64.85s-2-1.34-1.74-2.17,1.44-1.23,2.65-.85,2,1.32,1.73,2.17Zm0,0">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M116.36,219.92c0,.87-1,1.59-2.24,1.61s-2.29-.68-2.3-1.54,1-1.59,2.26-1.61,2.28.67,2.28,1.54Zm0,0">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M124.42,218.55c.15.85-.73,1.72-2,1.95s-2.37-.3-2.52-1.14.73-1.75,2-2,2.37.29,2.53,1.16Zm0,0"></path>
|
|
</svg></a>
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_blog" href="https://ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" aria-label="Blog">
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 40 40">
|
|
<defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#737373;}</style></defs>
|
|
<title>NCBI Insights Blog</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-1" d="M14,30a4,4,0,1,1-4-4,4,4,0,0,1,4,4Zm11,3A19,19,0,0,0,7.05,15a1,1,0,0,0-1,1v3a1,1,0,0,0,.93,1A14,14,0,0,1,20,33.07,1,1,0,0,0,21,34h3a1,1,0,0,0,1-1Zm9,0A28,28,0,0,0,7,6,1,1,0,0,0,6,7v3a1,1,0,0,0,1,1A23,23,0,0,1,29,33a1,1,0,0,0,1,1h3A1,1,0,0,0,34,33Z"></path>
|
|
</svg>
|
|
</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section class="container-fluid bg-primary">
|
|
<div class="container pt-5">
|
|
<div class="row mt-3">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
|
|
<p><a class="text-white" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/socialmedia/index.html">Connect with NLM</a></p>
|
|
<ul class="list-inline social_media">
|
|
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/NLM_NIH" aria-label="Twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
|
|
<style type="text/css">
|
|
.st20 {
|
|
fill: #FFFFFF;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.st30 {
|
|
fill: none;
|
|
stroke: #FFFFFF;
|
|
stroke-width: 8;
|
|
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
<title>Twitter</title>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<path class="st20" d="M192.9,88.1c-5,2.2-9.2,2.3-13.6,0.1c5.7-3.4,6-5.8,8.1-12.3c-5.4,3.2-11.4,5.5-17.6,6.7 c-10.5-11.2-28.1-11.7-39.2-1.2c-7.2,6.8-10.2,16.9-8,26.5c-22.3-1.1-43.1-11.7-57.2-29C58,91.6,61.8,107.9,74,116 c-4.4-0.1-8.7-1.3-12.6-3.4c0,0.1,0,0.2,0,0.4c0,13.2,9.3,24.6,22.3,27.2c-4.1,1.1-8.4,1.3-12.5,0.5c3.6,11.3,14,19,25.9,19.3 c-11.6,9.1-26.4,13.2-41.1,11.5c12.7,8.1,27.4,12.5,42.5,12.5c51,0,78.9-42.2,78.9-78.9c0-1.2,0-2.4-0.1-3.6 C182.7,97.4,189.2,93.7,192.9,88.1z"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</g>
|
|
<circle class="st30" cx="124.4" cy="128.8" r="108.2"></circle>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</svg></a></li>
|
|
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/nationallibraryofmedicine" aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
|
|
<style type="text/css">
|
|
.st10 {
|
|
fill: #FFFFFF;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.st110 {
|
|
fill: none;
|
|
stroke: #FFFFFF;
|
|
stroke-width: 8;
|
|
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
<title>Facebook</title>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<path class="st10" d="M159,99.1h-24V88.4c0-5,3.3-6.2,5.7-6.2h16.8V60l-24.4-0.1c-22.1,0-26.2,16.5-26.2,27.1v12.1H90v22.5h16.9 v67.5H135v-67.5h21.7L159,99.1z"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</g>
|
|
<circle class="st110" cx="123.6" cy="123.2" r="108.2"></circle>
|
|
</svg>
|
|
</a></li>
|
|
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NLMNIH" aria-label="Youtube" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
|
|
<title>Youtube</title>
|
|
<style type="text/css">
|
|
.st4 {
|
|
fill: none;
|
|
stroke: #FFFFFF;
|
|
stroke-width: 8;
|
|
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.st5 {
|
|
fill: #FFFFFF;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
<circle class="st4" cx="124.2" cy="123.4" r="108.2"></circle>
|
|
<g transform="translate(0,-952.36218)">
|
|
<path class="st5" d="M88.4,1037.4c-10.4,0-18.7,8.3-18.7,18.7v40.1c0,10.4,8.3,18.7,18.7,18.7h72.1c10.4,0,18.7-8.3,18.7-18.7 v-40.1c0-10.4-8.3-18.7-18.7-18.7H88.4z M115.2,1058.8l29.4,17.4l-29.4,17.4V1058.8z"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</svg></a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
|
|
<p class="address_footer text-white">National Library of Medicine<br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894/@38.9959508,-77.101021,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb:0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!4d-77.0988323" class="text-white" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">8600 Rockville Pike<br />
|
|
Bethesda, MD 20894</a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
|
|
<p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html" class="text-white">Web Policies</a><br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office" class="text-white">FOIA</a><br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" class="text-white" id="vdp">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
|
|
<p><a class="supportLink text-white" href="https://support.nlm.nih.gov/">Help</a><br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/accessibility.html" class="text-white">Accessibility</a><br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/careers/careers.html" class="text-white">Careers</a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-12 centered-lg">
|
|
<nav class="bottom-links">
|
|
<ul class="mt-3">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a class="text-white" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/">NLM</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.nih.gov/">NIH</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.hhs.gov/">HHS</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/rlib/js/InstrumentOmnitureBaseJS/InstrumentNCBIConfigJS/InstrumentNCBIBaseJS/InstrumentPageStarterJS.js?v=1"> </script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/static/js/hfjs2.js"> </script>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!--/.page-->
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!--/.wrap-->
|
|
</div><!-- /.twelve_col -->
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!-- /.grid -->
|
|
|
|
<span class="PAFAppResources"></span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- BESelector tab -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<noscript><img alt="statistics" src="/stat?jsdisabled=true&ncbi_db=books&ncbi_pdid=book-part&ncbi_acc=NBK65823&ncbi_domain=pdqcis&ncbi_report=record&ncbi_type=fulltext&ncbi_objectid=&ncbi_pcid=/NBK65823.1/&ncbi_pagename=Acupuncture (PDQ®) - PDQ Cancer Information Summaries - NCBI Bookshelf&ncbi_bookparttype=chapter&ncbi_app=bookshelf" /></noscript>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- usually for JS scripts at page bottom -->
|
|
<!--<component id="PageFixtures" label="styles"></component>-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID /projects/books/PBooks@9.11 portal107 v4.1.r689238 Tue, Oct 22 2024 16:10:51 -->
|
|
<span id="portal-csrf-token" style="display:none" data-token="CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID"></span>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/js/3879255/4121861/3501987/4008961/3893018/3821238/4062932/4209313/4212053/4076480/3921943/3400083/3426610.js" snapshot="books"></script></body>
|
|
</html> |