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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Skin Tests">
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src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-niceng245er4-lrg.png" alt="Cover of Evidence review for accuracy of skin prick test in children for the diagnosis of asthma" /></a></div><div class="bkr_bib"><h1 id="_NBK611995_"><span itemprop="name">Evidence review for accuracy of skin prick test in children for the diagnosis of asthma</span></h1><div class="subtitle">Asthma: diagnosis, monitoring and chronic asthma management (update)</div><p><b>Evidence review D</b></p><p><i>NICE Guideline, No. 245</i></p><div class="half_rhythm">London: <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><span itemprop="publisher">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)</span></a>; <span itemprop="datePublished">2024 Nov</span>.<div class="small">ISBN-13: <span itemprop="isbn">978-1-4731-6617-2</span></div></div><div><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © BTS, NICE and SIGN 2024.</div></div><div class="bkr_clear"></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1"><h2 id="_niceng245er4_s1_">1. Skin prick tests in children</h2><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1"><h3>1.1. Review question</h3><p>In people under investigation for asthma, what is the diagnostic test accuracy and cost-effectiveness of skin prick tests in children?</p><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.1"><h4>1.1.1. Introduction</h4><p>Asthma can be a difficult condition to diagnose, and it is not clear which tests are most useful in supporting a diagnosis. Skin prick testing is done by applying small drops of allergen extracts in solution to the skin (usually the anterior forearm), then using a small lancet to penetrate the superficial skin, allowing the solution to enter the epidermis and dermis. If the patient is sensitised (allergic) to any allergens then they would typically mount a rapid immune response that would lead to skin redness, itchiness and swelling within 10-15 minutes. Skin prick testing is therefore potentially useful in establishing a diagnosis of asthma and this evidence review was carried out to determine its clinical and cost-effectiveness as a diagnostic test.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.2"><h4>1.1.2. Summary of the protocol</h4><p>For full details see the review protocol in <a href="#niceng245er4.appa">Appendix A</a>.</p><p>No test-and-treat evidence was found so only the diagnostic accuracy evidence was reported.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng245er4tab1"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 1" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobniceng245er4tab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/table-icon.gif" alt="Table Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng245er4.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng245er4tab1">Table 1</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">PICO characteristics of diagnostic accuracy review question. </p></div></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.3"><h4>1.1.3. Methods and process</h4><p>This evidence review was developed using the methods and process described in <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/process/pmg20/chapter/introduction-and-overview" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Developing NICE guidelines: the manual</a>. Methods specific to this review question are described in the review protocol in <a href="#niceng245er4.appa">Appendix A</a> and the <a href="/books/NBK611995/bin/NG245-methods.pdf">methods</a> document.</p><p>Declarations of interest were recorded according to <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/about/who-we-are/policies-and-procedures" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">NICE’s conflicts of interest policy</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.4"><h4>1.1.4. Diagnostic evidence</h4><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.4.1"><h5>1.1.4.1. Included studies</h5><p>Three observational studies were included in the review;(<a class="bibr" href="#niceng245er4.s1.ref2" rid="niceng245er4.s1.ref2">Drkulec, et al., 2013</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng245er4.s1.ref3" rid="niceng245er4.s1.ref3">Gaig, et al., 1999</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng245er4.s1.ref6" rid="niceng245er4.s1.ref6">Miraglia Del Giudice, et al., 2002</a>) these are summarised in <a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng245er4tab2">Table 2</a> below. Evidence from these studies is summarised in the clinical evidence summary below in <a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng245er4tab3">Table 3</a> and references in References . The assessment of the evidence quality was conducted with emphasis on test sensitivity and specificity as this was identified by the committee as the primary measure in guiding decision-making. The committee set clinical decision thresholds as sensitivity: upper= 90% and lower= 10%, specificity: upper= 80% and lower= 50%. Values above the upper threshold indicated a test would be recommended and values below the lower threshold indicated a test is of no clinical use.</p><p>See also the study selection flow chart in <a href="#niceng245er4.appc">Appendix C</a>, sensitivity and specificity forest plots in <a href="#niceng245er4.appe">Appendix E</a>, and study evidence tables in <a href="#niceng245er4.appd">Appendix D</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.4.2"><h5>1.1.4.2. Excluded studies</h5><p>Three studies from the previous NICE guidance on this topic were excluded from the current review due to containing a population not relevant to the current review (adult population)</p><p>See the excluded studies list in <a href="#niceng245er4.apph">Appendix H</a>.</p></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.5"><h4>1.1.5. Summary of studies included in the diagnostic evidence</h4><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng245er4tab2"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 2" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobniceng245er4tab2"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/table-icon.gif" alt="Table Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng245er4.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng245er4tab2">Table 2</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of studies included in the evidence review. </p></div></div><p>See <a href="#niceng245er4.appd">Appendix D</a> for full evidence tables.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.6"><h4>1.1.6. Summary of the diagnostic evidence</h4><p>The assessment of the evidence quality was conducted with emphasis on test sensitivity and specificity as this was identified by the committee as the primary measure in guiding decision-making. The committee set clinical decision thresholds as sensitivity/specificity =0.90 and 0.80 above which a test would be recommended and 0.10 and 0.50 below which a test is of no clinical use.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng245er4tab3"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 3" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobniceng245er4tab3"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/table-icon.gif" alt="Table Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng245er4.tab3"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng245er4tab3">Table 3</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: diagnostic test accuracy of skin prick testing in children. </p></div></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.7"><h4>1.1.7. Economic evidence</h4><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.7.1"><h5>1.1.7.1. Included studies</h5><p>No health economic studies were included.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.7.2"><h5>1.1.7.2. Excluded studies</h5><p>No relevant health economic studies were excluded due to assessment of limited applicability or methodological limitations.</p><p>See also the health economic study selection flow chart in <a href="#niceng245er4.appf">Appendix F</a>.</p></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.8"><h4>1.1.8. Summary of included economic evidence</h4><p>None.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.9"><h4>1.1.9. Economic model</h4><p>A health economic model was conducted focusing on sequences and combinations of diagnostic tests. This is reported in Evidence review 1.11.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.1.10"><h4>1.1.10. Unit costs</h4><p>Relevant unit costs are provided below to aid consideration of cost effectiveness.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng245er4tab4"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 4" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobniceng245er4tab4"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/table-icon.gif" alt="Table Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng245er4.tab4"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng245er4tab4">Table 4</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Unit costs. </p></div></div></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.2"><h3>1.2. The committee’s discussion and interpretation of the evidence</h3><div id="niceng245er4.s1.2.1"><h4>1.2.1. The outcomes that matter most</h4><div id="niceng245er4.s1.2.1.1"><h5>Clinical and cost effectiveness</h5><p>The outcomes considered for this review were: severe asthma exacerbations, mortality, quality of life, asthma control, hospital admissions, reliever/rescue medication use, lung function (change in FEV1 or morning PEF – average over at least 7 days for morning PEF), adverse events (linear growth, pneumonia frequency, adrenal insufficiency, bone mineral density), inflammatory markers; exhaled nitric oxide (continuous outcome at ≥8 weeks). For purposes of decision making, all outcomes were considered equally important and were therefore rated as critical by the committee. No relevant evidence was identified for any of the outcomes.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.2.1.2"><h5>Diagnostic accuracy</h5><p>The committee considered the diagnostic measures of sensitivity and specificity of the skin prick test for diagnosing asthma in children and young people as well as the positive and negative predictive values where these were reported by the studies. Clinical decision thresholds were set by the committee as sensitivity/specificity 0.9 and 0.8 above which a test would be recommended and 0.1 and 0.5 below which a test is of no clinical use.</p></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.2.2"><h4>1.2.2. The quality of the evidence</h4><div id="niceng245er4.s1.2.2.1"><h5>Test and treat studies</h5><p>No relevant clinical studies were identified comparing the clinical effectiveness of diagnosis of asthma based on skin prick tests for any of the allergens specified in the review protocol.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.2.2.2"><h5>Diagnostic accuracy</h5><p>Three observational studies were included in this review. Studies examined the diagnostic accuracy of skin prick test for allergens including Cladosporium, cat, dog, grass pollen, aspergillus and house dust mites to detect asthma in children and young people. One study reported values for specific IgE as well as skin prick tests in the same study sample. Data for specific IgE was included in this review, as opposed to review 1.5, as the committee considered specific IgE and skin prick tests to be more closely related than specific and general IgE measurements.</p><p>The quality of the evidence was very low across studies as it was downgraded for risk of bias, most frequently due to concerns surrounding the method of participant selection or a lack of clarity over blinding of the index test and reference standard results. Indirectness was also present in all evidence due to not reporting the ICS use of participants prior to the study. Less frequently occurring was the inclusion of participants <5 years of age, a lack of clarity over the definition of asthma, and the inclusion of allergens not specified in this review protocol, all of which led to further downgrading for indirectness.</p></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.2.3"><h4>1.2.3. Benefits and harms</h4><p>Very low-quality evidence from one study showed a high sensitivity (0.89) and specificity (0.97) of house dust mites specific IgE to detect asthma in children aged for 1 to 15 years. Other specific IgE allergens tested in the same study including common ragweed and timothy grass pollen showed a lower sensitivity to detect asthma (ranging from 0.56 to 0.60 respectively) and slightly lower specificity (0.80-0.82 respectively). However, the committee noted that specificity still met the pre-specified threshold above which a test could be recommended (0.80).</p><p>Diagnostic accuracy of skin prick test for the same allergens followed a similar pattern, showing a high sensitivity (0.84) and specificity (0.71) for house dust mites and lower diagnostic accuracy for common ragweed and timothy grass pollen (sensitivity: 0.66 for both, specificity: 0.48 and 0.50, respectively). In this case specificity did not meet the threshold for decision making. Evidence from the same study, using skin prick positivity to one or more allergens, showed moderate sensitivity of 0.79 and a high specificity of 0.91. The committee acknowledged the limitations of the evidence, namely due to very serious risk of bias resulting from an unclear method of participant recruitment and unclear blinding of test results. This evidence was also indirect due to including participants <5 years of age and not reporting ICS use prior to study entry.</p><p>Very low-quality evidence from one study reported skin prick test to house dust mite (<i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i> and/or <i>farinae</i>), showing a high sensitivity (0.85) and low specificity (0.35) to detect allergic asthma. The committee acknowledged the limitations of the evidence, namely concerns arising from risk of bias due to a lack of clarity over blinding of test results, and indirectness due to unclear pre-study ICS use and a lack of clarity over asthma definition for diagnosis.</p><p>Finally, very low-quality evidence from one study reported skin prick testing using a standard battery of aero and food allergens (house dust mites, <i>Parietaria officinalis</i>, grasses, moulds, dog fur, cat fur, egg albumin, and cow’s milk) with positivity for asthma defined as being sensitisation to at least one allergen. This showed moderate sensitivity (0.44) and specificity (0.56). Although there was no imprecision in the effect estimates the committee had concerns over the relevance of these findings as the battery of tests included allergens not specified in the current review protocol and no objective tests was used to obtain the final diagnosis of asthma, both of which were reflected in the overall quality assessment. Therefore, the committee agreed these findings were of very limited usefulness.</p><p>The committee agreed that the evidence showed that testing for house dust mite sensitisation (either using a skin prick test or measuring specific IgE) gave results that were both sensitive and specific for asthma, providing they were used in the context of an appropriate clinical history. However, there are practical difficulties with both (see Other Considerations below), and they reasoned that the tests might be most useful when other tests have been performed but the diagnosis is still in doubt.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.2.4"><h4>1.2.4. Cost effectiveness and resource use</h4><p>No relevant published health economic analyses were identified for this review question. The unit cost of a skin prick test in children was presented to aid committee consideration of cost effectiveness.</p><p>NICE guideline on food allergy (CG116) was used to estimate unit costs and resource use. The committee were aware that a skin prick test for a child with suspected asthma would have costs resembling a skin prick test for suspected food allergy as for both tests a battery of 8 allergens is usually tested for. NICE Food Allergy guideline reported a nurse time required per test of 20 minutes. This was seen by the committee as a too optimistic assumption for a test administered to young children and therefore the duration was raised to 40 minutes. The final cost per test was estimated to be around £44.95.</p><p>The committee considered skin prick tests in children alongside or in combination with a variety of tests for asthma (see evidence review 1.11). The economic analysis showed that skin prick test or IgE is cost-effective when included in a diagnostic algorithm for children. The committee acknowledged that skin prick test may not be available in some areas due to the lack of centres and training, so they recommended either a skin prick test or IgE to allow flexibility and ensure that the recommendations are implementable.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.2.5"><h4>1.2.5. Other factors the committee took into account</h4><p>Skin prick testing is not currently available in primary care settings in the UK. It is also relatively time consuming because the test reagents need to be applied to the skin and it is then necessary to allow time for a reaction to occur, and then to read the results. Specific-IgE measurement requires a blood test which is simple and can be performed in primary care but may not be possible in some children.</p><p>Both skin prick tests and specific IgE measurement show sensitisation to an allergen, but this can be present in other allergic conditions and in asymptomatic people. The committee emphasised again that the results need to be interpreted in the light of a good clinical history.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.2.6"><h4>1.2.6. Recommendations supported by this evidence review</h4><p>Recommendation 1.2.8.</p></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.s1.rl.r1"><h3>1.3. References</h3><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng245er4.s1.ref1">Cannon
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J, Cullinan
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<em>Occupational Medicine</em>
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69 (4): 298–299.</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng245er4.s1.ref2">Drkulec
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V, Nogalo
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B, Perica
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M, et al. (2013) Sensitization profile in differential diagnosis: allergic asthma vs. chronic (nonspecific) cough syndrome
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[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3673807/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3673807</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23715171" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23715171</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng245er4.s1.ref3">Gaig
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P, Enrique
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E, Garcia-Ortega
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P, et al. (1999) Asthma, mite sensitization, and sleeping in bunks
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<em>Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology</em>
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82 (6): 531–533. [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10400479" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10400479</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng245er4.s1.ref4">Jones
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K, Birch
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S, Dargan
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A, et al. Unit Costs of Health and Social Care
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2022. Available from: <a href="https://www.pssru.ac.uk/unitcostsreport/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.pssru.ac.uk/unitcostsreport/</a> Last accessed: 26/04/2024.</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng245er4.s1.ref5">Medical World. Lancets Allergy With 0.9mm Tip Sterile x 200. Available from: <a href="https://www.medical-world.co.uk/p/blood-testing/lancets/lancets-allergy-with-09-mm-tip-sterile-x-200/17106" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.medical-world<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.co.uk/p/blood-testing<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​/lancets/lancets-allergy-with-09-mm-tip-sterile-x-200/17106</a> Last accessed: 26/02/2024.</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng245er4.s1.ref6">Miraglia Del Giudice
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M, Pedulla
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M, Piacentini
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GL, et al. (2002) Atopy and house dust mite sensitization as risk factors for asthma in children
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<em>Allergy</em>
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57 (2): 169–172.
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11929423" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11929423</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng245er4.s1.ref7">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Developing NICE guidelines: the manual. . London. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2014. Available from: <a href="http://www.nice.org.uk/article/PMG20/chapter/1%20Introduction%20and%20overview" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">http://www<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.nice.org.uk<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​/article/PMG20/chapter<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​/1%20Introduction%20and%20overview</a> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26677490" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26677490</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng245er4.s1.ref8">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Food allergy in under 19s: assessment and diagnosis CG116. 2011. Available from: <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg116" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg116</a> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39808011" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 39808011</span></a>]</div></p></li></ul></div></div><div id="appendixesappgroup1"><h2 id="_appendixesappgroup1_">Appendices</h2><div id="niceng245er4.appa"><h3>Appendix A. Review protocols</h3><p id="niceng245er4.appa.et1"><a href="/books/NBK611995/bin/niceng245er4-appa-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Review protocol for Accuracy and clinical and cost-effectiveness of skin prick tests in children for diagnosis of asthma</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 253K)</span></p><p id="niceng245er4.appa.et2"><a href="/books/NBK611995/bin/niceng245er4-appa-et2.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Health economic review protocol</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 137K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng245er4.appb"><h3>Appendix B. Literature search strategies</h3><p>In people under investigation for asthma, what is the diagnostic test accuracy and clinical and cost-effectiveness of skin prick tests in children?</p><p id="niceng245er4.appb.et1"><a href="/books/NBK611995/bin/niceng245er4-appb-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Clinical search literature search strategy</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 194K)</span></p><p id="niceng245er4.appb.et2"><a href="/books/NBK611995/bin/niceng245er4-appb-et2.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Health economic literature search strategy</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 178K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng245er4.appc"><h3>Appendix C. Study selection flow charts</h3><p id="niceng245er4.appc.et1"><a href="/books/NBK611995/bin/niceng245er4-appc-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Diagnostic evidence selection</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 109K)</span></p><p id="niceng245er4.appc.et2"><a href="/books/NBK611995/bin/niceng245er4-appc-et2.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Effectiveness evidence study selection</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 100K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng245er4.appd"><h3>Appendix D. Evidence</h3><div id="niceng245er4.appd.s1"><h4>Diagnostic evidence</h4><p id="niceng245er4.appd.et1"><a href="/books/NBK611995/bin/niceng245er4-appd-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Download PDF</a><span class="small"> (235K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng245er4.appd.s2"><h4>Effectiveness evidence</h4><p>No evidence was identified for this review.</p></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.appe"><h3>Appendix E. Forest plots</h3><div id="niceng245er4.appe.s1"><h4>Diagnostic evidence: Forest plots</h4><p id="niceng245er4.appe.et1"><a href="/books/NBK611995/bin/niceng245er4-appe-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Download PDF</a><span class="small"> (170K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng245er4.appe.s2"><h4>Effectiveness evidence: Forest plots</h4><p>No evidence was identified for this review.</p></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.appf"><h3>Appendix F. Economic evidence study selection</h3><div id="niceng245er4.appf.s1"><h4>F.1. Diagnostic evidence</h4><p>No evidence was identified for this review.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.appf.s2"><h4>F.2. Effectiveness evidence</h4><p id="niceng245er4.appf.et1"><a href="/books/NBK611995/bin/niceng245er4-appf-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Download PDF</a><span class="small"> (177K)</span></p></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.appg"><h3>Appendix G. Economic evidence tables</h3><div id="niceng245er4.appg.s1"><h4>Diagnostic evidence</h4><p>No evidence was identified for this review.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.appg.s2"><h4>Effectiveness evidence</h4><p>No evidence was identified for this review.</p></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.apph"><h3>Appendix H. Excluded studies</h3><div id="niceng245er4.apph.s1"><h4>Diagnostic studies</h4><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng245er4apphtab1"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.apph.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 8" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobniceng245er4apphtab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/table-icon.gif" alt="Table Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng245er4.apph.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.apph.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng245er4apphtab1">Table 8</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Studies excluded from the diagnostic review. </p></div></div></div><div id="niceng245er4.apph.s2"><h4>Effectiveness studies</h4><p>No evidence was identified for this review.</p></div><div id="niceng245er4.apph.s3"><h4>Health Economic studies</h4><p>Published health economic studies that met the inclusion criteria (relevant population, comparators, economic study design, published 2006 or later and not from non-OECD country or USA) but that were excluded following appraisal of applicability and methodological quality are listed below. See the health economic protocol for more details.</p><p>None.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><div><p>Final</p></div><div><p>BTS/NICE/SIGN collaborative guideline NG245</p><p>Developed by BTS, NICE and SIGN</p></div><div><p><b>Disclaimer</b>: The recommendations in this collaborative guideline represent the view of BTS, NICE and SIGN, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or service users. The recommendations in this guideline are not mandatory and the guideline does not override the responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or their carer or guardian.</p><p>Local commissioners and/or providers have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual health professionals and their patients or service users wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with compliance with those duties.</p><p>This collaborative guideline covers health and care in England and Scotland. Decisions on how they apply in other UK countries are made by ministers in the <a href="http://wales.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Welsh Government</a> and <a href="http://www.northernireland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Northern Ireland Executive</a>. This collaborative guideline is subject to regular review and may be updated or withdrawn.</p></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © BTS, NICE and SIGN 2024.</div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK611995</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39946527" title="PubMed record of this title" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">39946527</a></span></div></div><div class="small-screen-prev"></div><div class="small-screen-next"></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng245er4tab1"><div id="niceng245er4.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 1</span><span class="title">PICO characteristics of diagnostic accuracy review question</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng245er4.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><p>Inclusion:</p><p>People with suspected asthma (presenting with respiratory symptoms).
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Children/young people (5-16 years old)</div></li></ul></p>
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<p>Exclusion:
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Young children (<5 years old)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Adults (≥17 years old)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>People on steroid inhalers (washout period minimum of 4 weeks for inclusion)</div></li></ul></p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Target condition</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Asthma</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Index test</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><p>Skin prick tests for the most common allergens (reported separately)
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>House dust mites</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Cat</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Dog</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Grass pollen* (native UK grasses)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tree pollen* (native UK trees)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Mixed pollens* (native UK species)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Aspergillus</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Alternaria</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Cladosporium</div></li></ul></p>
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<p>Cut off values: 3mm Wheal (skin reaction) greater than the negative control in the presence of a positive control.
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Specific IgE – reported separately for different allergens. Cut-off as specified in study.</div></li></ul></p>
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<p>* Mainland Europe (including Denmark; excluding Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, Russia, Greece), North America (USA + Canada), Australia, New Zealand (as trees/grasses/pollen similar to UK in included countries but not in other countries)</p><p>Stratification:
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Different cut-offs</div></li></ul></p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Reference standard</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><p>Diagnostic accuracy
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Reference standard</div></li></ul></p>
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<p>Reference standard: Physician diagnosis of asthma based on symptoms plus an objective test from any one of the following:
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>peak flow variability (cut-off value of more than 20% variability as indication of a positive test);</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>bronchodilator reversibility (cut-off value of an improvement in FEV1 of more than or equal to 12%, and an increase in volume of more than or equal to 200mls as indication of a positive test);</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>bronchial hyper-responsiveness (histamine or methacholine challenge test, cut-off value of PC20 less than or equal to 8mg/ml as indication of a positive test)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>FeNO</div></li></ul></p>
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<p>Where no evidence is available using the cut-off values specified above, evidence will be included from studies using a reference standard of physician diagnosis with an objective test using an alternative threshold.</p>
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<p>Where no evidence is available from studies using physician diagnosis and an objective test, evidence will be included from studies using physician diagnosis based on symptoms alone, or patient report of a previous physician diagnosis.</p>
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<p>Stratification
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Different reference standards</div></li></ul></p>
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<p>Maximum interval between initial/suspected diagnosis and confirmation of asthma: 12 months.</p></td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Statistical measures</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sensitivity (thresholds: upper 90%, lower 10%)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Specificity (thresholds: upper 80%, lower 50%)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Raw data to calculate 2X2 tables to calculated sensitivity and specificity.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>NPV, PPV</div></li></ul>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab1_1_1_6_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab1_1_1_6_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Cross sectional studies</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Cohort studies</div></li></ul>
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</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng245er4tab2"><div id="niceng245er4.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 2</span><span class="title">Summary of studies included in the evidence review</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng245er4.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Population</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Target condition</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Index test</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Reference standard</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Comments</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Drkulec 2013</p>
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<p>(<a class="bibr" href="#niceng245er4.s1.ref2" rid="niceng245er4.s1.ref2">Drkulec et al., 2013</a>)</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>N=131 Children between the ages of 1 and 15 years attending a children’s hospital who had been referred for further diagnosis after experiencing respiratory symptoms</p>
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<p>Croatia</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Asthma</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>SPT testing with common allergens in the region: house dust mites</p>
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<p>(<i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i>), common ragweed</p>
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<p>(<i>Ambrosia artemisifoliae</i>), and timothy grass</p>
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<p>(<i>Phleum pratense</i>) pollen.</p>
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<p>Cut-offs (IgE):</p>
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<p>House dust mites – 0.35 kIU/L</p>
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<p>Common ragweed–0.39 kIU/L Timothy grass pollen: 0.35 kIU/L</p>
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<p>Cut-off (SPT): not reported</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">At least 3 episodes of wheezing and/or a positive bronchodilator response (according to NIH GINA 2009).</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Retrospective cross-sectional study</p>
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<p>ICS use: Not reported</p>
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<p>Indirectness: Downgraded by two increments due to population (average age not reported (range exceeds 5-year-old cutoff), and ICS use not reported) indirectness</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Gaig 1999</p>
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<p>(<a class="bibr" href="#niceng245er4.s1.ref3" rid="niceng245er4.s1.ref3">Gaig et al., 1999</a>)</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>N=94 Patients who had been sharing a bunk with a sibling for >6 months, always occupying the same position on the bunk, attending an outpatient allergy clinic</p>
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<p>Mean (SD) age: 16 (6)</p>
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<p>Spain</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Allergic asthma</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Skin prick tests with the two main species of mites in the area</p>
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<p>(<i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i> and <i>Dermatophagoides farinae</i>) were performed, using histamine chloride 10 mg/mL and saline as control.</p>
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<p>Cut-off: skin wheal diameter ≥3 mm larger than that caused by the dilutant control</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Clinical diagnosis based on history and current symptoms</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Prospective cross-sectional study</p>
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<p>ICS use: Not reported.</p>
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<p>Indirectness: Downgraded by two increments due to population (mean age within age range, standard deviation exceeded upper limit, ICS not reported) indirectness</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Miraglia Del Giudice 2002</p>
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<p>(<a class="bibr" href="#niceng245er4.s1.ref6" rid="niceng245er4.s1.ref6">Miraglia Del Giudice et al., 2002</a>)</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Patient records of children attending a paediatric asthma and allergy centre with physician or self-referred symptoms of atopic disease</p>
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<p>N= 1426</p>
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<p>Mean age: not reported, range 0-12 years (586 aged 0-3 years, 524 aged 4-6 years, 316 aged 7-12 years)</p>
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<p>Italy</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Asthma (alternate diagnosis of allergic rhino conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis or food allergy)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Skin prick test using a standard battery of aeroallergens and food allergens: house dust mites <i>Parietaria officinalis</i>, grasses, moulds, dog fur, cat fur, egg albumin, and cow’s milk.</p>
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<p>Cut-off: skin wheal ≥3 mm diameter in response to at least one allergen</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Asthma was defined as three or more episodes of wheezing before 2 years of age, or one episode from 2 years of age, or any episode of wheezing independent of age, if combined with atopic symptoms in the family or other atopic symptoms in the child.</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab2_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Retrospective cross-sectional study</p>
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<p>ICS use: Not reported.</p>
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<p>Indirectness: Downgraded by two increments due to population (includes people <5 years of age and no information on ICS use), index test (includes allergens not specified in protocol) indirectness</p>
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</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng245er4tab3"><div id="niceng245er4.tab3" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 3</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: diagnostic test accuracy of skin prick testing in children</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng245er4.tab3_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Studies</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">N</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk of bias</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Inconsist ency</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Indirect ness</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Impreci sion</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Effect size (95%CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" colspan="8" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">House dust mites (<i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i>) specific IgE (cut-off: 0.35 KIU/L) vs clinician diagnosis with bronchodilator response</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 prospective cross-sectional study</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">131</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sensitivity= 0.89 (0.79-0.95)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Specificity= 0.97 (0.88-1.00)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" colspan="8" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">House dust mites (<i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i> and/or <i>farinae</i>) (cut-off: ≥3mm greater than control) vs clinical diagnosis based on history and symptoms</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 prospective cross-sectional study</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">67</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>5</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sensitivity= 0.85 (0.71-0.94)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>5</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>6</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Specificity= 0.35 (0.17-0.56)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" colspan="8" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Common ragweed (<i>Ambrosia artemisifoliae</i>) specific IgE (cut-off: 0.39 KIU/L) vs clinician diagnosis with bronchodilator response</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 prospective cross-sectional study</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">131</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sensitivity= 0.56 (0.44-0.68)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>7</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Specificity= 0.80 (0.68-0.89)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" colspan="8" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Timothy grass (<i>Phleum pratense</i>) specific IgE (cut-off: 0.35 KIU/L) pollen vs clinician diagnosis with bronchodilator response</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 prospective cross-sectional study</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">131</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sensitivity= 0.61 (0.48-0.72)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>7</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Specificity= 0.82 (0.70-0.90)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" colspan="8" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">House dust mites (<i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i>) skin prick test (cut-off: not specified) vs clinician diagnosis with bronchodilator response</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 prospective cross-sectional study</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">131</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sensitivity= 0.83 (0.72-0.91)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>7</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Specificity= 0.72 (0.59-0.83)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" colspan="8" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Common ragweed (<i>Ambrosia artemisifoliae</i>) skin prick test (cut-off: not specified) vs clinician diagnosis with bronchodilator response</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 prospective cross-sectional study</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">131</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sensitivity= 0.66 (0.54-0.77)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>6</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Specificity= 0.48 (0.35-0.62)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" colspan="8" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Timothy grass (<i>Phleum pratense</i>) skin prick test (cut-off: not specified) pollen vs clinician diagnosis with bronchodilator response</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 prospective cross-sectional study</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">131</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sensitivity= 0.66 (0.54-0.77)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>6</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Specificity= 0.50 (0.37-0.63)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" colspan="8" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Positive skin prick test to ≥1 of House dust mites (<i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i>), Common ragweed (<i>Ambrosia artemisifoliae</i>) and Timothy grass (<i>Phleum pratense</i>) (cut-off: not specified) pollen vs clinician diagnosis with bronchodilator response</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 prospective cross-sectional study</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">131</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sensitivity= 0.79 (0.68-0.88)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Specificity= 0.92 (0.82-0.97)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7 hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" colspan="8" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Standard battery of aero and food allergens (cut-off: 3mm to at least one allergen) vs clinician diagnosis based on symptoms and family and child history</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 retrospective cross-sectional study</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1426</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>6</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>8</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sensitivity= 0.44 (0.41-0.48)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serious<sup>6</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very serious<sup>8</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Specificity= 0.56 (0.52-0.61)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab3_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng245er4.tab3_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by two increments due to concerns arising from the method of participant selection (method not reported) and from the interpretation of the index test and reference standard (unclear if blinded)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng245er4.tab3_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by two increments due to population (age range 1-15 years with no average or variance data, and no information on ICS use prior to study entry) indirectness</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="niceng245er4.tab3_3"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by one increment due to the 95%CI overlapping the upper threshold corresponding to ‘high sensitivity’ (90%)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="niceng245er4.tab3_4"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by one increment due to concerns arising from the interpretation of the index test and reference standard (unclear if blinded)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5</dt><dd><div id="niceng245er4.tab3_5"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by two increments due to population (no information on ICS use prior to study entry) and reference standard (unclear if study was diagnosing asthma or wheeze) indirectness</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6</dt><dd><div id="niceng245er4.tab3_6"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by one increment due to the 95%CI overlapping the lower threshold corresponding to ‘low specificity’ (50%)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>7</dt><dd><div id="niceng245er4.tab3_7"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by one increment due to the 95%CI overlapping the upper threshold corresponding to ‘high specificity’ (80%)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>8</dt><dd><div id="niceng245er4.tab3_8"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by two increments due to population (included participants aged <5 years, and no information on ICS use prior to study entry) and index test (included allergens not listed on this review protocol) indirectness</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng245er4tab4"><div id="niceng245er4.tab4" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 4</span><span class="title">Unit costs</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng245er4.tab4_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Resource</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Unit costs</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Source</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cost of vials (a)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">£20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cannon 2019 inflated to 2022(<a class="bibr" href="#niceng245er4.s1.ref1" rid="niceng245er4.s1.ref1">Cannon, et al., 2019</a>)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No. of drops per vial (b)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">80</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>NICE Food Allergy</p>
|
|
<p>CG116(<a class="bibr" href="#niceng245er4.s1.ref8" rid="niceng245er4.s1.ref8">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2011</a>)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lancet (200) (c)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">£13.78</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MedicalWorld(Medical World)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Controls x2 (d)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">£15.63</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>NICE Food Allergy</p>
|
|
<p>CG116(<a class="bibr" href="#niceng245er4.s1.ref8" rid="niceng245er4.s1.ref8">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2011</a>) inflated to 2022</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Nurse time minutes (e)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">40</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>NICE Food Allergy</p>
|
|
<p>CG116(<a class="bibr" href="#niceng245er4.s1.ref8" rid="niceng245er4.s1.ref8">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2011</a>)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Nurse cost per hour (f)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">£63.38</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PSSRU 2022(Jones, et al.)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of allergies tested for (g)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>NICE Food Allergy</p>
|
|
<p>CG116(<a class="bibr" href="#niceng245er4.s1.ref8" rid="niceng245er4.s1.ref8">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2011</a>)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_b_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Total<sup>(a)</sup></th><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_b_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_b_niceng245er4.tab4_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>£45</b>
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</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">Note: all prices are VAT exclusive</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(a)</dt><dd><div id="niceng245er4.tab4_1"><p class="no_margin">Calculated as following: {[(a/b) + (c/200)]*g}+(d/b)+(f/60*e)</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng245er4apphtab1"><div id="niceng245er4.apph.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 8</span><span class="title">Studies excluded from the diagnostic review</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK611995/table/niceng245er4.apph.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng245er4.apph.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Code [Reason]</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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Agarwal, R. (2009) Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Chest
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135(3): 805–826
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19265090" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19265090</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Conference abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Agodokpessi, G., Sagbo, G., Bigot, C.
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et al. (2019) Mite sensitization in children followed for respiratory allergy in a tropical African environment in Cotonou, Benin. Revue des Maladies Respiratoires
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36(2): 135–141
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30686558" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30686558</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study not reported in English</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Ahmed, H., Ospina, M.B., Sideri, K.
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et al. (2019) Retrospective analysis of aeroallergen’s sensitization patterns in Edmonton, Canada. Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology
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15(1): 6 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6375155/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6375155</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30809266" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30809266</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
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<p><i>only 9% were below the age of 18 years</i>.</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Al-Zayadneh, E.M., Alnawaiseh, N.A., Altarawneh, A.H.
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et al. (2019) Sensitization to inhaled allergens in asthmatic children in southern Jordan: A cross-sectional study. Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine
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14(1): 37
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[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6839227/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6839227</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31719980" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31719980</span></a>]
|
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
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<p>
|
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<i>people aged from 6 months to 10 years (28% below the age of 5) with confirmed asthma or wheezing episodes at baseline; no relevant data: study reports frequency of sensitization to different allergens to examine factors associated with sensitisation (e.g. age); no diagnostic accuracy data</i>
|
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</p>
|
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Alimuddin, S., Rengganis, I., Rumende, C.M.
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et al. (2018) Comparison of Specific Immunoglobulin E with the Skin Prick Test in the Diagnosis of House Dust Mites and Cockroach Sensitization in Patients with Asthma and/or Allergic Rhinitis. Acta medica Indonesiana
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50(2): 125–131
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29950531" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29950531</span></a>]
|
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
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<p>
|
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<i>people aged 19–59</i>
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|
</p>
|
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Andersson, Martin, Hedman, Linnea, Nordberg, Gunnar
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et al. (2015) Swimming pool attendance is related to asthma among atopic school children: a population-based study. Environmental health : a global access science source
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14: 37
|
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[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4411937/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4411937</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25890001" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25890001</span></a>]
|
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>correlation data for swimming pool attendance and asthma</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Annus, T., Bjorksten, B., Mai, X.-M.
|
|
et al. (2001) Wheezing in relation to atopy and environmental factors in Estonian and Swedish schoolchildren. Clinical and Experimental Allergy
|
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31(12): 1846–1853
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|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11737035" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11737035</span></a>]
|
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>prevalence of respiratory symptoms; not relevant setting: sensitization to pollen in Sweden</i>
|
|
</p>
|
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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Arikoglu, T., Batmaz, S.B., Coskun, T.
|
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et al. (2016) The characteristics of indoor and outdoor fungi and their relation with allergic respiratory diseases in the southern region of Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
|
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188(6): 380
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27236446" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27236446</span></a>]
|
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>- Study does not contain an intervention relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
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<p>
|
|
<i>Index test is aiming to diagnose fungal sensitisation to environmental allergens, not asthma</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Arikoglu, T.; Batmaz, S.B.; Kuyucu, S. (2018) Allergen sensitization patterns in atopic children in mersin province of Turkey. Asim, Allerji, Immunoloji
|
|
16(3): 157–164
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Rates of allergen sensitization among children with known allergic diseases including asthma and allergic rhinitis; no relevant diagnostic accuracy data</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Atay, O., Asilsoy, S., Atakul, G.
|
|
et al. (2021) Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in children. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
|
|
51(5): 2554–2563
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8742489/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC8742489</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34174797" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 34174797</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>population: people with Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillus</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Backer, V., Klein, D.K., Bodtger, U.
|
|
et al. (2020) Clinical characteristics of the BREATHE cohort-a real-life study on patients with asthma and COPD. European Clinical Respiratory Journal
|
|
7(1): 1736934
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7144315/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC7144315</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32284828" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32284828</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Adults</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Baur, X. and Czuppon, A. (1995) Diagnostic validation of specific IgE antibody concentrations, skin prick testing, and challenge tests in chemical workers with symptoms of sensitivity to different anhydrides. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|
|
96(4): 489–494
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7560660" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7560660</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>chemical workers</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Bougault, V., Drouard, F., Legall, F.
|
|
et al. (2017) Allergies and Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction in a Youth Academy and Reserve Professional Soccer Team. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine
|
|
27(5): 450–456
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28829345" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28829345</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Adults professional soccer players</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Brand, P L, Kerstjens, H A, Jansen, H M
|
|
et al. (1993) Interpretation of skin tests to house dust mite and relationship to other allergy parameters in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Dutch CNSLD Study Group. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
|
|
91(2): 560–70
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8436772" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8436772</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>people aged 18-60</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Braun-Fahrlander, C, Wuthrich, B, Gassner, M
|
|
et al. (1997) Validation of a rhinitis symptom questionnaire (ISAAC core questions) in a population of Swiss school children visiting the school health services. SCARPOL-team. Swiss Study on Childhood Allergy and Respiratory Symptom with respect to Air Pollution and Climate. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|
|
8(2): 75–82
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9617776" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9617776</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>detecting atopy in children with rhinitis</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Brunetti, Luigia, Francavilla, Ruggiero, Tesse, Riccardina
|
|
et al. (2006) Exhaled breath condensate pH measurement in children with asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|
|
17(6): 422–7
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16925687" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16925687</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>no relevant outcomes reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Burrows, B, Sears, M R, Flannery, E M
|
|
et al. (1995) Relations of bronchial responsiveness to allergy skin test reactivity, lung function, respiratory symptoms, and diagnoses in thirteen-year-old New Zealand children. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
|
|
95(2): 548–56
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7852671" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7852671</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>association between bronchial responsiveness and skin test reactivity in people with asthma, wheezing or hay fever. No diagnostic accuracy data</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Byeon, J.H., Ri, S., Amarsaikhan, O.
|
|
et al. (2017) Association between sensitization to mold and impaired pulmonary function in children with asthma. Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Research
|
|
9(6): 509–516 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5603479/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5603479</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28913990" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28913990</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p><i>Incorrect setting: common aeroallergens in Korea including house dust mites, animal dander, pollen</i>.</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Canbal, A. (2012) Evaluation of prick test results in children with allergic asthma and rhinitis in Karaman district. Duzce Medical Journal
|
|
14(1): 27–30
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study not reported in English</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Chan, E.Y., Dundas, I., Bridge, P.D.
|
|
et al. (2005) Skin-prick testing as a diagnostic aid for childhood asthma. Pediatric Pulmonology
|
|
39(6): 558–562
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15830389" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15830389</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Case control study with mixture of participants with suspected asthma (wheeze) and healthy controls</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Chauveau, A., Dalphin, M.-L., Mauny, F.
|
|
et al. (2017) Skin prick tests and specific IgE in 10-year-old children: Agreement and association with allergic diseases. Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|
|
72(9): 1365–1373
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28235151" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28235151</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>gives sensitivity and specificity of SPT to detect allergic diseases including asthma with results not given separately for asthma. Only 4.8% of the study population had asthma</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Choi, I.S., Koh, Y.I., Koh, J.-S.
|
|
et al. (2005) Sensitivity of the skin prick test and specificity of the serum-specific IgE test for airway responsiveness to house dust mites in asthma. Journal of Asthma
|
|
42(3): 197–202 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15962877" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15962877</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>adults 18-30 years</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Dai, Lingman, Liu, Jinling, Zhao, Qi
|
|
et al. (2022) Investigation of Allergic Sensitizations in Children With Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma. Frontiers in pediatrics
|
|
10: 842293
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8964996/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC8964996</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35372139" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 35372139</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>prevalence of positive skin reaction/sensitisation to various allergens in people with asthma or allergic rhinitis; no diagnostic accuracy data</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Dey, D., Mondal, P., Laha, A.
|
|
et al. (2019) Sensitization to Common Aeroallergens in the Atopic Population of West Bengal, India: An Investigation by Skin Prick Test. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
|
|
178(1): 60–65
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30257248" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30257248</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>reports % with sensitization to various allergens in people with confirmed asthma</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Dibek Misirlioglu, E and Reha Cengizlier, M (2007) Skin prick test results of child patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma. Allergologia et immunopathologia
|
|
35(1): 21–4
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17338898" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17338898</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>measurement of allergen sensitization in children with known bronchial asthma; no diagnostic accuracy data; mixed population with age range from 3 months to 16 years</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Faitelson, Y.; Boaz, M.; Dalal, I. (2018) Asthma, Family History of Drug Allergy, and Age Predict Amoxicillin Allergy in Children. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
|
|
6(4): 1363–1367
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29226807" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29226807</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>predictive factors for amoxicilin allergy</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Graif, Y., Yigla, M., Tov, N.
|
|
et al. (2002) Value of a negative aeroallergen skin-prick test result in the diagnosis of asthma in young adults: Correlative study with methacholine challenge testing. Chest
|
|
122(3): 821–825
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12226019" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12226019</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>people aged 18-24 years</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Haahtela, T., Burbach, G.J., Bachert, C.
|
|
et al. (2014) Clinical relevance is associated with allergen-specific wheal size in skin prick testing. Clinical and Experimental Allergy
|
|
44(3): 407–416
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4215109/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4215109</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24283409" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24283409</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>84 % adults</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Iwamoto, I., Yamazaki, H., Kimura, A.
|
|
et al. (1990) Comparison of a multi-allergen dipstick IgE assay to skin-prick test and RAST. Clinical and Experimental Allergy
|
|
20(2): 175–179
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2192782" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 2192782</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Adults aged 18-55</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
James, T.L.I. (2002) Allergy testing. American Family Physician
|
|
66(4): 621
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12201554" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12201554</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Review article but not a systematic review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Karakaya, G.; Ozturk, A.B.; Kalyoncu, A.F.
|
|
Prediction of atopy by skin prick tests in patients with asthma and/or persistent rhinitis. Allergologia et Immunopathologia [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21489681" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21489681</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Adults</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Kaur, J., Kabra, S.K., Lodha, R.
|
|
et al. (2013) Association of aeroallergen sensitization with asthma severity and treatment. Pediatric, Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology
|
|
26(4): 187–192
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35923039" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 35923039</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Prospective study of people with confirmed asthma; positive skin prick test result based on sensitisation to various allergens including allergens not meeting protocol (e.g. cockroach, mosquito, dust rice); no relevant data</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Klok, T.; Ottink, M.D.; Brand, P.L.P. (2021) Question 6: What is the use of allergy testing in children with asthma?. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|
|
37: 57–63
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32981859" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32981859</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Review article but not a systematic review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Konradsen, J., Nordlund, B., Winkler, A.
|
|
et al. (2015) Evaluation of Microtest allergy system compared to three established diagnostic methods. Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|
|
70(suppl101): 173
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Conference abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Korhonen, Kaj, Mahonen, Saara, Hyvarinen, Anne
|
|
et al. (2006) Skin test reactivity to molds in pre-school children with newly diagnosed asthma. Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
|
|
48(6): 577–81
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17168977" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17168977</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>children aged 1-6 years</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Lopes, M.I.L.; Miranda, P.J.; Sarinho, E. (2006) Use of the skin prick test and specific immunoglobulin E for the diagnosis of cockroach allergy. Jornal de Pediatria
|
|
82(3): 204–209
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16773176" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16773176</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study not reported in English</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Lyons, T.W.; Wakefield, D.B.; Cloutier, M.M. (2011) Mold and Alternaria skin test reactivity and asthma in children in Connecticut. Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
|
|
106(4): 301–307 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3711717/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3711717</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21457878" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21457878</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>children with confirmed asthma; no relevant data: association with various allergens but no diagnostic accuracy data</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Mahmoud, H. and Elqady, M. (2013) Relationship between skin prick test, peripheral eosinophilic count, serum total and specific ige, and severity of asthma in atopic asthma. Chest
|
|
144(4meetingabstract)
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Conference abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Mahmoud, H.; Elqady, M.; Mohamed, H. (2011) Relationship between skin prick test, peripheral eosinophil counts, serum total & specific IgE and severity in atopic asthma. Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|
|
66(suppl94): 578
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Full text paper not available</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Malouche, S., Boussetta, K., Hassine, L.B.
|
|
et al. (2013) Skin sensitization to aeroallergens in the child: Cross-sectional study of 200 cases. Tunisie Medicale
|
|
91(11): 627–632
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24343484" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24343484</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study not reported in English</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Matondang, C.S. (1991) Spectrum of asthma in children visiting the outpatient clinic of the subdivision of allergy and immunology. Paediatrica Indonesiana
|
|
31(56): 150–164
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1896197" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 1896197</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>45% below the age of 5; no relevant diagnostic accuracy data</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Mavi, A.K., Spalgais, S., Singh, K.
|
|
et al. (2021) Relevance of skin-prick test and immunoglobulin E estimation in pigeon-exposure asthma patients. Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis
|
|
70(4): 433–440
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>adults; no relevant allergen: pigeon exposure</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
May, K.L. (1990) Allergy to Artemisia vulgaris in the region of Warsaw. Allergologia et immunopathologia
|
|
18(1): 57–60
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2382597" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 2382597</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>adults</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Menardo, J.L.; Bousquet, J.; Michel, F.B. (1982) Comparison of three prick test methods with the intradermal test and with the rast in the diagnosis of mite allergy. Annals of allergy
|
|
48(4): 235–239
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7073028" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7073028</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>people aged 12-66 years, majority adults; incorrect outcome: diagnosis of mite allergy</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Menz, G., Dolecek, C., Schonheit-Kenn, U.
|
|
et al. (1996) Serological and skin-test diagnosis of birch pollen allergy with recombinant Bet v I, the major birch pollen allergen. Clinical and Experimental Allergy
|
|
26(1): 50–60
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8789543" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8789543</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>adults</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Metz-Favre, C., Linhart, B., Focke-Tejkl, M.
|
|
et al. (2007) Skin test diagnosis of grass pollen allergy with a recombinant hybrid molecule. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|
|
120(2): 315–321
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17512042" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17512042</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Adults</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Mohammad, H.R., Belgrave, D., Kopec Harding, K.
|
|
et al. (2016) Age, sex and the association between skin test responses and IgE titres with asthma. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|
|
27(3): 313–319
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26766520" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26766520</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>and asthma based on symptoms and parental reporting</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Moneo, I., Alday, E., Sanchez-Agudo, L.
|
|
et al. (1995) Skin-prick tests for hypersensitivity to alpha-amylase preparations. Occupational Medicine
|
|
45(3): 151–155
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7605978" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7605978</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>adults</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Morell, F., Codina, R., Rodrigo, M.J.
|
|
et al. (1995) Diagnosis of soybean-induced asthma. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|
|
96(3): 320–324
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7560633" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7560633</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Not children</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Nacaroglu, H.T., Erdem, S.B., Karaman, S.
|
|
et al. (2017) Diagnostic values for egg white specific IgE levels with the skin prick test in Turkish children with egg white allergy. Allergologia et Immunopathologia
|
|
45(5): 445–451
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28237131" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28237131</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>diagnosis of egg allergy</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Nielsen, J P, Ostergaard, P A, Harris, R I
|
|
et al. (1992) Comparison of CLA with BPT, SPT, and RAST in children with asthma. Allergy
|
|
47(1): 30–4
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1590564" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 1590564</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Data not reported in an extractable format or a format that can be analysed</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Nogueira, J M, de Almeida, M M, Santa Marta, C
|
|
et al. (1994) Quantitative skin prick tests and specific IgE (CAP System) for D. pteronissynus-correlation of results in a paediatric population. Allergie et immunologie
|
|
26(3): 102–6
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8185819" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8185819</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Full text paper not available</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
O’Brien, R.M. (2002) Skin prick testing and in vitro assays for allergic sensitivity. Australian Prescriber
|
|
25(4): 91–93
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Review article but not a systematic review</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>article with no relevant data</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Ortega Cisneros, M, Ramos Garcia, BC, del Rio Navarro, BE
|
|
et al. (1998) Comparison of 4 skin prick tests to detect immediate hypersensitivity. Revista alergia mexico
|
|
45(2): 36–42
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9650494" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9650494</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study not reported in English</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Perecinsky, Slavomir, Murinova, Lenka, Jancova, Andrea
|
|
et al. (2022) Allergic sensitization pattern as a marker of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in allergic rhinitis patients living in temperate continental climate zone. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
|
|
134(2122): 766–771
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36074179" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 36074179</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Adult population</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Picard, M., Paradis, L., Begin, P.
|
|
et al. (2014) Skin testing only with penicillin G in children with a history of penicillin allergy. Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
|
|
113(1): 75–81 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24856884" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24856884</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>detecting penicillin allergy not asthma</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Piette, V., Bourret, E., Bousquet, J.
|
|
et al. (2002) Prick tests to aeroallergens: Is it possible simply to wipe the device between tests?. Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|
|
57(10): 940–942
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12269942" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12269942</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>people aged 15-64 years</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Popovic-Grle, S., Mehulic, M., Pavicic, F.
|
|
et al. (2002) Clinical validation of bronchial hyperresponsiveness, allergy tests and lung function in the diagnosis of asthma in persons with dyspnea. Collegium antropologicum
|
|
26suppl: 119–127 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12674843" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12674843</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>adults</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Price, J A, Reiser, J, Longbottom, J L
|
|
et al. (1989) Inhalant allergy in asthmatic children: skin prick test, radioallergosorbent test and chemiluminescent assay compared with allergen levels in their mattress dusts. International archives of allergy and applied immunology
|
|
88(12): 183–4
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2707882" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 2707882</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Review article but not a systematic review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Rosario, N A and Vilela, M M (1997) Quantitative skin prick tests and serum IgE antibodies in atopic asthmatics. Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology
|
|
7(1): 40–5
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9093933" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9093933</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Data not reported in an extractable format or a format that can be analysed</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>correlation between skin reactivity and asthma severity</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Ross Pe?a, Arlenis (2009) Diagnostic effectiveness of the Prick cutaneous test with allergenic extracts of mites in asthmatic patients. Archivo m?dico de camag?ey
|
|
13(3)
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study not reported in English</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Sarpong, S.B. and Karrison, T. (1998) Skin test reactivity to indoor allergens as a marker of asthma severity in children with asthma. Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
|
|
80(4): 303–308 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9564978" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9564978</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>detecting mild/moderate/severe asthma in known asthmatic cohort based on number of allergic sensitivities.</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Schoos, A.-M.M., Chawes, B.L.K., Folsgaard, N.V.
|
|
et al. (2015) Disagreement between skin prick test and specific IgE in young children. Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|
|
70(1): 41–48
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224528" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25224528</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>No steroid use for 14 hours prior to study for inclusion; no relevant data: assessment of sensitisation at various age points including at 4 and 6 years, but also 1/2 and 1 year (not meeting protocol); study measuring agreement between of skin prick test and IGE for diagnosing inhalant and food allergy, not asthma.</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Schwartz, J. and Weiss, S.T. (1995) Relationship of skin test reactivity to decrements in pulmonary function in children with asthma or frequent wheezing. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|
|
152(6i): 2176–2180
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8520794" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8520794</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>examines allergen sensitivity as measured by skin test reactivity and its relationship to pulmonary function; no diagnostic accuracy data</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Shaikh, W.A. and Shaikh, S.W. (2006) Skin prick test - More reliable than estimation of specific IgE in allergy diagnosis. Journal of the Indian Medical Association
|
|
104(10): 592–595
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17380826" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17380826</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Adults (mean age 29 years)</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Soriano, J.B., Anto, J.M., Sunyer, J.
|
|
et al. (1999) Risk of asthma in the general Spanish population attributable to specific immunoresponse. International Journal of Epidemiology
|
|
28(4): 728–734
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10480703" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10480703</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>adults</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Stafanger, G.; Kock Andersen, J.; Koch, C. (1986) Specific diagnosis of exogenous bronchial asthma in children. Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|
|
41(2): 110–117
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2422973" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 2422973</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Data not reported in an extractable format or a format that can be analysed</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Tang, R.B.; Wu, K.G.; Hwang, B. (1994) Comparison between skin testing and in vitro testing for diagnosis of allergen in asthmatic children. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi = Chinese medical journal; Free China ed
|
|
54(4): 246–250
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7982135" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7982135</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Full text paper not available</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>document supply does not provide clinical trial resources</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Terzioglu, E., Sin, A., Kokuludag, A.
|
|
et al. (1998) Sensitivity to Parietaria pollen in Izmir, Turkey as determined by skin prick and serum specific IgE values. Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology
|
|
8(3): 180–183
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9684193" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9684193</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>people aged 16-52 years; incorrect setting: pollen in Turkey, hence allergen not meeting protocol</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Tezcan, D., Uzuner, N., Sule Turgut, C.
|
|
et al. (2003) Retrospective evaluation of epidermal skin prick tests in patients living in Aegean region. Allergologia et Immunopathologia
|
|
31(4): 226–230
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12890415" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12890415</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- No relevant data</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Thomsen, G.F., Schlunssen, V., Skadhauge, L.R.
|
|
et al. (2015) Are allergen batch differences and the use of double skin prick test important?. BMC Pulmonary Medicine
|
|
15(1): 33
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4397883/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4397883</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25886946" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25886946</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>people aged 22-44 years</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Til-Perez, G., Carnevale, C., Sarria-Echegaray, P.L.
|
|
et al. (2019) Sensitization profile in patients with respiratory allergic diseases: Differences between conventional and molecular diagnosis (a cross-sectional study). Clinical and Molecular Allergy
|
|
17(1): 8
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6495638/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6495638</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31068762" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31068762</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>incorrect population: <30% were children</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Tversky, J.R., Chelladurai, Y., McGready, J.
|
|
et al. (2015) Performance and Pain Tolerability of Current Diagnostic Allergy Skin Prick Test Devices. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
|
|
3(6): 888–893
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26553615" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26553615</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Adults</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Vanto, T. (1983) Efficiency of different skin prick testing methods in the diagnosis of allergy to dog. Annals of Allergy
|
|
50(5): 340–344
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6846924" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 6846924</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>outcome is detection of allergy to dog dander; index test cut-off/methodology not meeting protocol.</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Williams, P B; Siegel, C; Portnoy, J (2001) Efficacy of a single diagnostic test for sensitization to common inhalant allergens. Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
|
|
86(2): 196–202 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11258690" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11258690</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No relevant data</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>detecting individuals that are sensitive to allergens and positivity for atopy in people with rhinitis, asthma and other causes; no data to detecting asthma.</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Wittig, H J and Belloit, J D (1979) Validity of the allergy skin test. The Journal of the Louisiana State Medical Society : official organ of the Louisiana State Medical Society
|
|
131(8): 199–203
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/490023" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 490023</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng245er4.apph.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population not relevant to this review protocol</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>undefined age group (most likely adults); no relevant data</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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