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<meta name="citation_date" content="2024/05/17">
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<meta name="citation_author" content="Leah E. Kaylor">
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<meta name="citation_author" content="Jacqueline M. Gallios">
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</svg> Books</a></div><div class="jr-rhead f1 flexh"><div class="head"></div><div class="body"><div class="t">Quality of Well-being Scale</div><div class="j">StatPearls [Internet]</div></div><div class="tail"></div></div><div id="jr-tb2"><a id="jr-bkhelp-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Help with NLM PubReader">?</a><a id="jr-help-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Settings and typography in NLM PubReader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M462,283.742v-55.485l-29.981-10.662c-11.431-4.065-20.628-12.794-25.274-24.001 c-0.002-0.004-0.004-0.009-0.006-0.013c-4.659-11.235-4.333-23.918,0.889-34.903l13.653-28.724l-39.234-39.234l-28.72,13.652 c-10.979,5.219-23.68,5.546-34.908,0.889c-0.005-0.002-0.01-0.003-0.014-0.005c-11.215-4.65-19.933-13.834-24-25.273L283.741,50 h-55.484l-10.662,29.981c-4.065,11.431-12.794,20.627-24.001,25.274c-0.005,0.002-0.009,0.004-0.014,0.005 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Scale</span></h1><p class="contribs">Kaylor LE, Gallios JM.</p><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK606095_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p></div></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><div id="article-161125.s1"><h2 id="_article-161125_s1_">Summary / Explanation</h2><p>
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<b>Introduction</b>
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</p><p>Health professionals, researchers, and policymakers find it crucial to measure how well treatments and interventions work on improving health. It is essential to measure, monitor, and document changes in health status over time. There are a variety of existing ways to assess health changes over time by looking at factors such as blood pressure or body weight. However, many tools are highly specific or too narrow in scope to fully capture the person’s overall functioning and well-being.<a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r1" rid="article-161125.r1">[1]</a> After several iterations of development and refinement, the Quality of Well-Being Scale (QWB) was developed as a comprehensive assessment tool to measure health-related quality of life factors. Since its development in the 1970s, the Quality of Well-Being Scale has been validated, and its associated psychometric properties have been well established.<a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r2" rid="article-161125.r2">[2]</a></p><p>Health-related quality of life is a term used to encapsulate a full picture of how one’s health impacts their overall well-being. With regard to health-related quality of life, the standard measurement in medical cost-effectiveness research is the quality-adjusted life year.<a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r2" rid="article-161125.r2">[2]</a> The quality-adjusted life year incorporates health-related quality of life in addition to one’s entire life to create a single all-inclusive expression of health outcomes. The quality of well-being scale was the first assessment tool specifically created to measure the quality of life to estimate quality-adjusted life years.<a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r1" rid="article-161125.r1">[1]</a> By using the quality of well-being scale before and after treatments in well-controlled studies, researchers can see how well treatments work and whether one’s quality of life improves as a result. Tools such as this can assist healthcare professionals in making informed treatment decisions.<a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r2" rid="article-161125.r2">[2]</a></p><p>
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<b>Patient Populations </b>
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</p><p>Many studies have been conducted using the Quality of Well-Being Scale on a variety of patient populations. Notable examples include patients with:</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Emphysema <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r3" rid="article-161125.r3">[3]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Osteoarthritis <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r4" rid="article-161125.r4">[4]</a><a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r5" rid="article-161125.r5">[5]</a><a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r6" rid="article-161125.r6">[6]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Musculoskeletal disease <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r7" rid="article-161125.r7">[7]</a> </div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r8" rid="article-161125.r8">[8]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Alzheimer disease <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r9" rid="article-161125.r9">[9]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Panic disorder <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r10" rid="article-161125.r10">[10]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Epilepsy <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r11" rid="article-161125.r11">[11]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>AIDS <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r6" rid="article-161125.r6">[6]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Cystic fibrosis <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r12" rid="article-161125.r12">[12]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Atrial fibrillation <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r13" rid="article-161125.r13">[13]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Depression <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r14" rid="article-161125.r14">[14]</a><a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r5" rid="article-161125.r5">[5]</a> </div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Limb amputations <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r15" rid="article-161125.r15">[15]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>High-risk pregnancy <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r16" rid="article-161125.r16">[16]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Fibromyalgia <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r5" rid="article-161125.r5">[5]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Diabetes <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r17" rid="article-161125.r17">[17]</a></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Headaches <a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r18" rid="article-161125.r18">[18]</a> </div></li></ul><p>
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<b>Modes of Administration </b>
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</p><p>The caliber of the Quality of Well-Being Scale has been somewhat limited due to its length, complexity, branching questions, and the need for a trained interviewer for administration. In response to these limiting factors and in an effort to increase utility, the scale expanded its modes of administration to include four options for administration: self-administered, interviewer-administered, proxy-administered, and online. </p><p>
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<b>Self-Administered Version</b>
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</p><p>The Quality of Well-Being Scale Self-Administered version takes approximately ten minutes to complete and does not require a trainer interviewer.<a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r19" rid="article-161125.r19">[19]</a> This version asks patients about symptoms and functioning over the past three days. The purpose behind this timeframe is to reduce recall bias without reducing the scale’s ability to measure over a period of time. The Quality of Well-Being Scale Interviewer-Administered version asks patients about the past six days. While the self-administered version assesses over half the amount of time (prior 3 days), there was no significant difference in scores, suggesting strong concordance validity.<a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r19" rid="article-161125.r19">[19]</a> The Quality of Well-Being Scale Self-Administered version covers many symptoms and asks patients about various aspects of health, including signs and predictors of numerous disease conditions and their associated severity. When creating the self-administered version, several focus groups of physicians assisted in the creation of this tool, and as such, this assessment closely resembles how a healthcare professional would conduct an examination (interview and assessment) of a patient’s symptoms, adding to its clinical utility. To further increase its clinical utility, the Quality of Well-Being Scale Self-Administered version has been translated into Swedish, Dutch, Spanish, French-Canadian, German, Chinese, and Italian. </p><p>Scoring algorithms are covered in the Quality of Well-Being Scale Self-Administered Scale User’s Manual 2008, available to all individuals and entities signing a QWB-SA copyright agreement with the William J. Sieber, Erik J. Groessl, Kristin M. David, Theodore G. Ganiats, and Robert M. Kaplan.<a class="bibr" href="#article-161125.r2" rid="article-161125.r2">[2]</a></p></div><div id="article-161125.s2"><h2 id="_article-161125_s2_">Review Questions</h2><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="https://www.statpearls.com/account/trialuserreg/?articleid=161125&utm_source=pubmed&utm_campaign=reviews&utm_content=161125" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Access free multiple choice questions on this topic.</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="https://www.statpearls.com/articlelibrary/commentarticle/161125/?utm_source=pubmed&utm_campaign=comments&utm_content=161125" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Comment on this article.</a>
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</div></li></ul></div><div id="article-161125.s3"><h2 id="_article-161125_s3_">References</h2><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r1">Kaplan RM, Hays RD. Health-Related Quality of Life Measurement in Public Health. <span><span class="ref-journal">Annu Rev Public Health. </span>2022 Apr 05;<span class="ref-vol">43</span>:355-373.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34882431" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 34882431</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r2">de la Plaza Llamas R, Ortega Azor L, Hernández Yuste M, Gorini L, Latorre-Fragua RA, Díaz Candelas DA, Al Shwely Abduljabar F, Gemio Del Rey IA. Quality-adjusted life years and surgical waiting list: Systematic review of the literature. <span><span class="ref-journal">World J Gastrointest Surg. </span>2024 Apr 27;<span class="ref-vol">16</span>(4):1155-1164.</span> [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11056653/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC11056653</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38690041" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 38690041</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r3">Kaplan RM, Sun Q, Ries AL. Quality of well-being outcomes in the National Emphysema Treatment Trial. <span><span class="ref-journal">Chest. </span>2015 Feb;<span class="ref-vol">147</span>(2):377-387.</span> [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4314815/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4314815</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25340383" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25340383</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r4">Groessl EJ, Kaplan RM, Cronan TA. Quality of well-being in older people with osteoarthritis. <span><span class="ref-journal">Arthritis Rheum. </span>2003 Feb 15;<span class="ref-vol">49</span>(1):23-8.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12579590" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12579590</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r5">Van Dyne A, Moy J, Wash K, Thompson L, Skow T, Roesch SC, Cronan T. Health, Psychological and Demographic Predictors of Depression in People with Fibromyalgia and Osteoarthritis. <span><span class="ref-journal">Int J Environ Res Public Health. </span>2022 Mar 14;<span class="ref-vol">19</span>(6)</span> [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8950397/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC8950397</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35329109" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 35329109</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r6">Kaplan RM, Anderson JP, Wu AW, Mathews WC, Kozin F, Orenstein D. The Quality of Well-being Scale. Applications in AIDS, cystic fibrosis, and arthritis. <span><span class="ref-journal">Med Care. </span>1989 Mar;<span class="ref-vol">27</span>(3 Suppl):S27-43.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2921885" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 2921885</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>7.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r7">Frosch DL, Kaplan RM, Ganiats TG, Groessl EJ, Sieber WJ, Weisman MH. Validity of self-administered quality of well-being scale in musculoskeletal disease. <span><span class="ref-journal">Arthritis Rheum. </span>2004 Feb 15;<span class="ref-vol">51</span>(1):28-33.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14872452" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14872452</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>8.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r8">Kaplan RM, Atkins CJ, Timms R. Validity of a quality of well-being scale as an outcome measure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Chronic Dis. </span>1984;<span class="ref-vol">37</span>(2):85-95.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6420431" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 6420431</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>9.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r9">Kerner DN, Patterson TL, Grant I, Kaplan RM. Validity of the Quality of Well-Being Scale for patients with Alzheimer's disease. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Aging Health. </span>1998 Feb;<span class="ref-vol">10</span>(1):44-61.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10182417" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10182417</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>10.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r10">Rubin HC, Rapaport MH, Levine B, Gladsjo JK, Rabin A, Auerbach M, Judd LL, Kaplan R. Quality of well being in panic disorder: the assessment of psychiatric and general disability. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Affect Disord. </span>2000 Jan-Mar;<span class="ref-vol">57</span>(1-3):217-21.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10708834" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10708834</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>11.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r11">Gao L, Xia L, Pan SQ, Xiong T, Li SC. Validation of a Chinese version of the Quality of Well-Being Scale-Self-Administered (QWB-SA) in patients with epilepsy. <span><span class="ref-journal">Epilepsia. </span>2013 Sep;<span class="ref-vol">54</span>(9):1647-57.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23875999" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23875999</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>12.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r12">Orenstein DM, Nixon PA, Ross EA, Kaplan RM. The quality of well-being in cystic fibrosis. <span><span class="ref-journal">Chest. </span>1989 Feb;<span class="ref-vol">95</span>(2):344-7.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2914486" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 2914486</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>13.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r13">Ganiats TG, Browner DK, Dittrich HC. Comparison of Quality of Well-Being scale and NYHA functional status classification in patients with atrial fibrillation. New York Heart Association. <span><span class="ref-journal">Am Heart J. </span>1998 May;<span class="ref-vol">135</span>(5 Pt 1):819-24.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9588411" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9588411</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>14.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r14">Pyne JM, Sieber WJ, David K, Kaplan RM, Hyman Rapaport M, Keith Williams D. Use of the quality of well-being self-administered version (QWB-SA) in assessing health-related quality of life in depressed patients. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Affect Disord. </span>2003 Sep;<span class="ref-vol">76</span>(1-3):237-47.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12943954" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12943954</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>15.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r15">Eskridge SL, Dougherty AL, Watrous JR, McCabe CT, Cancio JM, Mazzone BN, Galarneau MR. Prosthesis satisfaction and quality of life in US service members with combat-related major lower-limb amputation. <span><span class="ref-journal">Prosthet Orthot Int. </span>2022 Feb 01;<span class="ref-vol">46</span>(1):68-74.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34789707" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 34789707</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>16.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r16">Mirzakhani K, Khadivzadeh T, Faridhosseini F, Ebadi A. Development and psychometric evaluation of the High-Risk Pregnancy Well-Being Index in Mashhad: a methodological study. <span><span class="ref-journal">Reprod Health. </span>2022 Dec 01;<span class="ref-vol">19</span>(1):218.</span> [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9714023/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC9714023</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36457135" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 36457135</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>17.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r17">Cherrington AL, Tripputi MT, Younes N, Herman WH, Katona A, Groessl EJ, Craig J, Gonzalez JS, Garg R, Casula S, Kuo S, Florez HJ., GRADE Research Group. Impact of Glucose-Lowering Medications on Health-Related Quality of Life in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE). <span><span class="ref-journal">Diabetes Care. </span>2024 Apr 01;<span class="ref-vol">47</span>(4):603-609.</span> [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10973906/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC10973906</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38190625" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 38190625</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>18.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r18">Hazewinkel MHJ, Gfrerer L, Ashina S, Austen WG, Klassen AF, Pusic A, Kaur MN. Readability analysis and concept mapping of PROMs used for headache disorders. <span><span class="ref-journal">Headache. </span>2024 Apr;<span class="ref-vol">64</span>(4):410-423.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38525832" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 38525832</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>19.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="article-161125.r19">Andresen EM, Rothenberg BM, Kaplan RM. Performance of a self-administered mailed version of the Quality of Well-Being (QWB-SA) questionnaire among older adults. <span><span class="ref-journal">Med Care. </span>1998 Sep;<span class="ref-vol">36</span>(9):1349-60.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9749658" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9749658</span></a>]</div></dd></dl></dl></div><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_top_margin">
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<b>Disclosure: </b>Leah Kaylor declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies.</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_top_margin">
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<b>Disclosure: </b>Jacqueline Gallios declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><h2 id="_NBK606095_pubdet_">Publication Details</h2><h3>Author Information and Affiliations</h3><p class="contrib-group"><h4>Authors</h4><span itemprop="author">Leah E. Kaylor</span><sup>1</sup>; <span itemprop="author">Jacqueline M. Gallios</span><sup>2</sup>.</p><h4>Affiliations</h4><div class="affiliation"><sup>1</sup> Saint Louis University</div><div class="affiliation"><sup>2</sup> Long Island University, C. W. Post Campus</div><h3>Publication History</h3><p class="small">Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">May 17, 2024</span>.</p><h3>Copyright</h3><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © 2025, StatPearls Publishing LLC.<p class="small">
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This book is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
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(<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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</a>), which permits others to distribute the work, provided that the article is not altered or used commercially. You are not required to obtain permission to distribute this article, provided that you credit the author and journal.
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</p></div></div><h3>Publisher</h3><p><a href="https://www.statpearls.com/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">StatPearls Publishing</a>, Treasure Island (FL)</p><h3>NLM Citation</h3><p>Kaylor LE, Gallios JM. Quality of Well-being Scale. [Updated 2024 May 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. <span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></p></div><div class="small-screen-prev"></div><div class="small-screen-next"></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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