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</svg> Books</a></div><div class="jr-rhead f1 flexh"><div class="head"></div><div class="body"><div class="t">Nitrofurantoína</div><div class="j">Mother To Baby | Fact Sheets [Internet]</div></div><div class="tail"></div></div><div id="jr-tb2"><a id="jr-bkhelp-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Help with NLM PubReader">?</a><a id="jr-help-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Settings and typography in NLM PubReader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M462,283.742v-55.485l-29.981-10.662c-11.431-4.065-20.628-12.794-25.274-24.001 c-0.002-0.004-0.004-0.009-0.006-0.013c-4.659-11.235-4.333-23.918,0.889-34.903l13.653-28.724l-39.234-39.234l-28.72,13.652 c-10.979,5.219-23.68,5.546-34.908,0.889c-0.005-0.002-0.01-0.003-0.014-0.005c-11.215-4.65-19.933-13.834-24-25.273L283.741,50 h-55.484l-10.662,29.981c-4.065,11.431-12.794,20.627-24.001,25.274c-0.005,0.002-0.009,0.004-0.014,0.005 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autocorrect="off" autocomplete="off" /><a id="jr-fip-mg" class="wsprkl btn" title="Find"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 550 600" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-width="36" stroke-linecap="round" style="fill:#FFF" d="m320,350a153,153 0 1,0-2,2l170,170m-91-117 110,110-26,26-110-110"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-fip-done" class="wsprkl btn" title="Dismiss find">✘</a></nav><nav id="jr-fip-info-p"><a id="jr-fip-prev" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to previuos match">◀</a><button id="jr-fip-matches">no matches yet</button><a id="jr-fip-next" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK605061_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Nitrofurantoína</span></h1><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK605061_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p></div></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><div id="nitrofurantoin-sp.nitrofurantoin-sp_s_001"><div class="h2"></div><p>Esta hoja trata sobre la exposición a nitrofurantoína en el embarazo y durante la lactancia. Esta información se basa en la literatura publicada disponible. No debe usarse como un sustituto de la atención médica o los consejos de su proveedor de atención de salud.</p><p>
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<b>
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<i>¿Qué es la nitrofurantoína?</i>
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</b>
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</p><blockquote><p>La nitrofurantoína es un medicamento antibacteriano que se ha utilizado para tratar las infecciones del tracto urinario (ITU). Algunas marcas son Macrobid®, Macrodantin® y Furadantin®.</p><p>A veces, cuando las personas se enteran de que están embarazadas, piensan en cambiar la forma de tomar sus medicamentos o dejar de tomarlos por completo. Sin embargo, es importante hablar con sus proveedores de atención de salud antes de realizar cambios en la forma en que toma su medicamento. Sus proveedores de atención de salud pueden hablar con usted sobre los beneficios de tratar su afección y los riesgos de enfermedad no tratada durante el embarazo.</p><p>El Colegio Americano de Obstetras y Ginecólogos (ACOG, por sus siglas en inglés) afirma que es "razonable ofrecer" nitrofurantoína en el primer trimestre cuando no hay otros medicamentos disponibles. El ACOG también afirma que el uso de nitrofurantoína en el segundo y tercer trimestre se ha considerado un tratamiento de primera línea para las infecciones urinarias.</p><p>La etiqueta del producto de nitrofurantoína recomienda que las personas que están cerca del final de su embarazo (38 a 42 semanas de gestación) o que están cerca del parto no deben usar este medicamento.</p></blockquote><p>
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<b>
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<i>Tomo nitrofurantoína. ¿Puede hacer que me resulte más difícil quedar embarazada?</i>
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</b>
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</p><blockquote><p>Se desconoce si la nitrofurantoína puede dificultar el embarazo.</p></blockquote><p>
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<b>
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<i>¿Tomar nitrofurantoína aumenta la probabilidad de aborto espontáneo?</i>
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</b>
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</p><blockquote><p>El aborto espontáneo es común y puede ocurrir en cualquier embarazo por muchas razones diferentes. Dos estudios que incluyeron 173 embarazos no encontraron una asociación con el uso de nitrofurantoína y un aumento de la probabilidad de aborto espontáneo. Sin embargo, las personas con infecciones de orina no tratadas podrían tener una mayor probabilidad de sufrir un aborto espontáneo.</p></blockquote><p>
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<b>
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<i>¿Tomar nitrofurantoína aumenta la probabilidad de defectos de nacimiento?</i>
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</b>
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</p><blockquote><p>Cada embarazo comienza con un 3-5% de probabilidad de tener un defecto de nacimiento. Esto se conoce como riesgo de fondo. La mayoría de los estudios con nitrofurantoína no sugieren un aumento de la probabilidad de defectos de nacimiento. Algunos estudios sobre la nitrofurantoína han sugerido una mayor probabilidad de defectos de nacimiento con el uso durante el embarazo. Sin embargo, las fallas en el diseño del estudio hacen que algunos de los resultados de estos estudios sean cuestionables. También hay muchos estudios sobre el uso de nitrofurantoína en el embarazo que no encontraron defectos de nacimiento. En general, no se ha confirmado un aumento en la probabilidad de defectos de nacimiento.</p></blockquote><p>
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<b>
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<i>¿Tomar nitrofurantoína durante el embarazo aumenta la probabilidad de otros problemas relacionados con el embarazo?</i>
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</b>
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</p><blockquote><p>No se sabe si la nitrofurantoína puede causar otros problemas relacionados con el embarazo, como parto prematuro (parto antes de la semana 37) o bajo peso al nacer (que pesa menos de 5 libras, 8 onzas [2500 gramos] al nacer). Sin embargo, las personas con infecciones de orina no tratadas pueden tener una mayor probabilidad de sufrir estas y otras complicaciones del embarazo, como la preeclampsia (presión arterial alta y problemas con los órganos, como los riñones) que pueden provocar convulsiones (llamada eclampsia) y cesárea.</p><p>Ha habido informes de recién nacidos con anemia hemolítica (descomposición de los glóbulos rojos) cuando estuvieron expuestos a la nitrofurantoína al final del embarazo. Por esta razón, el fabricante ha recomendado el uso de diferentes antibióticos para tratar las infecciones de orina más adelante en el embarazo.</p></blockquote><p>
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<b>
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<i>¿Tomar nitrofurantoína durante el embarazo afecta el comportamiento o aprendizaje futuro para el niño?</i>
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</b>
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</p><blockquote><p>No se han realizado estudios para ver si la nitrofurantoína puede causar problemas de comportamiento o aprendizaje en el niño.</p></blockquote><p>La lactancia mientras tomar <b><i>nitrofurantoína</i></b>:</p><blockquote><p>La nitrofurantoína pasa a la leche materna en pequeñas cantidades. En un informe sobre 6 personas que tomaron nitrofurantoína durante la lactancia, 2 anotaron que sus hijos tenían diarrea. Cuando se toma algún antibiótico durante la lactancia, se puede vigilar a los bebés para detectar diarrea o sarpullido.</p><p>La etiqueta del producto para nitrofurantoína recomienda que las personas que están amamantando no usen este medicamento cuando los lactantes tienen menos de 1 mes de edad o si el lactante tiene un diagnóstico de deficiencia de glucosa-6-fosfato deshidrogenasa (G6PD), debido al riesgo de anemia hemolítica (descomposición de los glóbulos rojos). Sin embargo, los beneficios de tratar su afección, así como los beneficios de la lactancia materna, pueden superar los posibles riesgos. Es poco probable que el uso de nitrofurantoína durante la lactancia materna de un lactante mayor sin G6PD cause efectos secundarios. Sus proveedores de atención médica pueden hablar con usted sobre el uso de nitrofurantoína y qué tratamiento es mejor para usted mientras está amamantando. Asegúrese de hablar con su proveedor de atención de salud acerca de todas sus preguntas sobre la lactancia.</p></blockquote><p>
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<b>
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<i>Si un hombre toma nitrofurantoína, ¿podría afectar la fertilidad o aumentar la probabilidad de defectos de nacimiento?</i>
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</b>
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</p><blockquote><p>Cuando se administró nitrofurantoína a los hombres en dosis más altas que las que se usan normalmente durante 2 semanas, la producción de espermatozoides fue baja o se detuvo en 13 de los 36 participantes del estudio. La baja producción de espermatozoides podría afectar la fertilidad (capacidad de embarazar a la pareja). Sin embargo, el uso de dosis típicas de 100 mg dos veces al día durante una semana no tuvo el mismo efecto. Esto significa que, con el uso típico, es poco probable que la nitrofurantoína afecte la fertilidad masculina. En general, es poco probable que las exposiciones que tienen los padres o donantes de esperma aumenten los riesgos de un embarazo. Para más información, consulte la hoja informativa de MotherToBaby acerca de Exposiciones Paternas en <a href="https://mothertobaby.org/es/hojas-informativas/exposiciones-paternas/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://mothertobaby.org/es/hojas-informativas/exposiciones-paternas/</a>.</p></blockquote></div><div id="R001"><h2 id="_R001_">Referencias Seleccionadas: </h2><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="c001">Ailes
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