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for bacterial meningitis" /></a></div><div class="bkr_bib"><h1 id="_NBK604350_"><span itemprop="name">Evidence review for long-term complications and follow-up for bacterial meningitis</span></h1><div class="subtitle">Neonatal infection: antibiotics for prevention and treatment</div><p><b>Evidence review O</b></p><p><i>NICE Guideline, No. 195</i></p><div class="half_rhythm">London: <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><span itemprop="publisher">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)</span></a>; <span itemprop="datePublished">2024 Mar</span>.<div class="small">ISBN-13: <span itemprop="isbn">978-1-4731-5805-4</span></div></div><div><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © NICE 2024.</div></div><div class="bkr_clear"></div></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1"><h2 id="_niceng195er15_s1_">Long-term complications and follow-up for bacterial meningitis</h2><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1"><h3>Review question</h3><p>What is the risk of long-term complications in bacterial meningitis?</p><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.1"><h4>Introduction</h4><p>Bacterial meningitis is a rare but serious infection, which can occur in any age group. Despite effective therapy, a range of long-term complications can occur in children of all ages and in adults.</p><p>The aim of this review is to evaluate the risk of long-term complications following bacterial meningitis to inform patients, parents, carers and health care practitioners.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.2"><h4>Summary of the protocol</h4><p>See <a href="/books/NBK604350/table/niceng195er15.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng195er15tab1">Table 1</a> for a summary of the Population, Prognostic factors, Comparison and Outcome characteristics of this review.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng195er15tab1"><a href="/books/NBK604350/table/niceng195er15.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 1" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobniceng195er15tab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/table-icon.gif" alt="Table Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng195er15.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK604350/table/niceng195er15.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng195er15tab1">Table 1</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of the protocol. </p></div></div><p>For further details see the review protocol in <a href="#niceng195er15.appa">appendix A</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.3"><h4>Methods and process</h4><p>This evidence review was developed using the methods and process described in <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/process/pmg20/chapter/introduction" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Developing NICE guidelines: the manual</a>. Methods specific to this review question are described in the review protocol in <a href="#niceng195er15.appa">appendix A</a> and the <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/Guidance/ng240/evidence" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">methods document for the NICE guideline on bacterial meningitis and meningococcal disease</a>.</p><p>Declarations of interest were recorded according to <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/about/who-we-are/policies-and-procedures" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">NICE’s conflicts of interest policy</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.4"><h4>Prognostic evidence</h4><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.4.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>Twenty-five studies were included for this review, 16 prospective cohort studies (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref1" rid="niceng195er15.ref1">Anderson 2004</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref2" rid="niceng195er15.ref2">Bedford 2001</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref3" rid="niceng195er15.ref3">Berg 2002</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref4" rid="niceng195er15.ref4">Christie 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref6" rid="niceng195er15.ref6">de Louvois 2007</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref7" rid="niceng195er15.ref7">Feldman 1988</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref9" rid="niceng195er15.ref9">Hoogman 2007</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref10" rid="niceng195er15.ref10">Hugosson 1997</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref11" rid="niceng195er15.ref11">Kloek 2020</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref14" rid="niceng195er15.ref14">Pickering 2018</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref21" rid="niceng195er15.ref21">Schmidt 2006</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref22" rid="niceng195er15.ref22">Stevens 2003</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref23" rid="niceng195er15.ref23">Taylor 1990</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref24" rid="niceng195er15.ref24">Tejani 1982</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref25" rid="niceng195er15.ref25">Vartzelis 2011</a>), and 9 retrospective cohort studies (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref5" rid="niceng195er15.ref5">D’Angio 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref12" rid="niceng195er15.ref12">Koomen 2003</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref13" rid="niceng195er15.ref13">Moss 1982</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref15" rid="niceng195er15.ref15">Roed 2010a</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref16" rid="niceng195er15.ref16">Roed 2010b</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref17" rid="niceng195er15.ref17">Roed 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref18" rid="niceng195er15.ref18">Roed 2012</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref20" rid="niceng195er15.ref20">Roed 2013</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref26" rid="niceng195er15.ref26">Zelano 2020</a>).</p><p>Studies with univariate analyses were included in this review because only 3 studies (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref1" rid="niceng195er15.ref1">Anderson 2004</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref12" rid="niceng195er15.ref12">Koomen 2003</a>) reported multivariate analyses and did not cover all relevant age groups or report all outcomes of interest.</p><p>The included studies are summarised in <a href="/books/NBK604350/table/niceng195er15.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng195er15tab2">Table 2</a>.</p><p>Four studies reported all-cause mortality (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref15" rid="niceng195er15.ref15">Roed 2010a</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref16" rid="niceng195er15.ref16">Roed 2010b</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref17" rid="niceng195er15.ref17">Roed 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref18" rid="niceng195er15.ref18">Roed 2012</a>), and 8 studies reported long-term motor deficits (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref2" rid="niceng195er15.ref2">Bedford 2001</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref3" rid="niceng195er15.ref3">Berg 2002</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref5" rid="niceng195er15.ref5">D’Angio 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref10" rid="niceng195er15.ref10">Hugosson 1997</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref13" rid="niceng195er15.ref13">Moss 1982</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref14" rid="niceng195er15.ref14">Pickering 2018</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref17" rid="niceng195er15.ref17">Roed 2011</a>). Eleven studies reported long-term cognitive deficits (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref2" rid="niceng195er15.ref2">Bedford 2001</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref4" rid="niceng195er15.ref4">Christie 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref5" rid="niceng195er15.ref5">D’Angio 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref9" rid="niceng195er15.ref9">Hoogman 2007</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref11" rid="niceng195er15.ref11">Kloek 2020</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref12" rid="niceng195er15.ref12">Koomen 2003</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref21" rid="niceng195er15.ref21">Schmidt 2006</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref22" rid="niceng195er15.ref22">Stevens 2003</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref23" rid="niceng195er15.ref23">Taylor 1990</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref24" rid="niceng195er15.ref24">Tejani 1982</a>), 6 studies reported long-term behavioural deficits (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref2" rid="niceng195er15.ref2">Bedford 2001</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref3" rid="niceng195er15.ref3">Berg 2002</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref12" rid="niceng195er15.ref12">Koomen 2003</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref23" rid="niceng195er15.ref23">Taylor 1990</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref25" rid="niceng195er15.ref25">Vartzelis 2011</a>), and 2 studies reported long-term psychological impairment (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref4" rid="niceng195er15.ref4">Christie 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref12" rid="niceng195er15.ref12">Koomen 2003</a>). Ten studies reported any hearing impairment (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref2" rid="niceng195er15.ref2">Bedford 2001</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref3" rid="niceng195er15.ref3">Berg 2002</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref4" rid="niceng195er15.ref4">Christie 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref5" rid="niceng195er15.ref5">D’Angio 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref10" rid="niceng195er15.ref10">Hugosson 1997</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref12" rid="niceng195er15.ref12">Koomen 2003</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref13" rid="niceng195er15.ref13">Moss 1982</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref17" rid="niceng195er15.ref17">Roed 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref22" rid="niceng195er15.ref22">Stevens 2003</a>), 7 studies reported any visual impairment (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref2" rid="niceng195er15.ref2">Bedford 2001</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref3" rid="niceng195er15.ref3">Berg 2002</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref13" rid="niceng195er15.ref13">Moss 1982</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref14" rid="niceng195er15.ref14">Pickering 2018</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref17" rid="niceng195er15.ref17">Roed 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref22" rid="niceng195er15.ref22">Stevens 2003</a>), 10 studies reported educational achievement (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref1" rid="niceng195er15.ref1">Anderson 2004</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref4" rid="niceng195er15.ref4">Christie 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref5" rid="niceng195er15.ref5">D’Angio 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref6" rid="niceng195er15.ref6">de Louvois 2007</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref7" rid="niceng195er15.ref7">Feldman 1988</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref12" rid="niceng195er15.ref12">Koomen 2003</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref20" rid="niceng195er15.ref20">Roed 2013</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref23" rid="niceng195er15.ref23">Taylor 1990</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref24" rid="niceng195er15.ref24">Tejani 1982</a>), 6 studies reported diagnosis of epilepsy (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref2" rid="niceng195er15.ref2">Bedford 2001</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref5" rid="niceng195er15.ref5">D’Angio 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref17" rid="niceng195er15.ref17">Roed 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref22" rid="niceng195er15.ref22">Stevens 2003</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref26" rid="niceng195er15.ref26">Zelano 2020</a>), 2 studies reported speech and language disorder (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref2" rid="niceng195er15.ref2">Bedford 2001</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref3" rid="niceng195er15.ref3">Berg 2002</a>), and 2 studies reported hydrocephalus with a shunt (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref22" rid="niceng195er15.ref22">Stevens 2003</a>).</p><p>All studies reported bacterial meningitis as potential risk factor.</p><p>One study was conducted in neonates (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref22" rid="niceng195er15.ref22">Stevens 2003</a>), 4 studies included babies (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref2" rid="niceng195er15.ref2">Bedford 2001</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref5" rid="niceng195er15.ref5">D’Angio 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref6" rid="niceng195er15.ref6">de Louvois 2007</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref25" rid="niceng195er15.ref25">Vartzelis 2011</a>), 14 studies reported on children (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref1" rid="niceng195er15.ref1">Anderson 2004</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref3" rid="niceng195er15.ref3">Berg 2002</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref4" rid="niceng195er15.ref4">Christie 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref7" rid="niceng195er15.ref7">Feldman 1988</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref10" rid="niceng195er15.ref10">Hugosson 1997</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref12" rid="niceng195er15.ref12">Koomen 2003</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref13" rid="niceng195er15.ref13">Moss 1982</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref14" rid="niceng195er15.ref14">Pickering 2018</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref16" rid="niceng195er15.ref16">Roed 2010b</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref17" rid="niceng195er15.ref17">Roed 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref20" rid="niceng195er15.ref20">Roed 2013</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref23" rid="niceng195er15.ref23">Taylor 1990</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref24" rid="niceng195er15.ref24">Tejani 1982</a>), and 6 studies were conducted in adults (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref9" rid="niceng195er15.ref9">Hoogman 2007</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref11" rid="niceng195er15.ref11">Kloek 2020</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref15" rid="niceng195er15.ref15">Roed 2010a</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref18" rid="niceng195er15.ref18">Roed 2012</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref21" rid="niceng195er15.ref21">Schmidt 2006</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref26" rid="niceng195er15.ref26">Zelano 2020</a>).</p><p>See the literature search strategy in <a href="#niceng195er15.appb">appendix B</a> and study selection flow chart in <a href="#niceng195er15.appc">appendix C</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.4.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>Studies not included in this review are listed, and reasons for their exclusion are provided in <a href="#niceng195er15.appj">appendix J</a>.</p></div></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.5"><h4>Summary of included studies</h4><p>Summaries of the studies that were included in this review are presented in <a href="/books/NBK604350/table/niceng195er15.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng195er15tab2">Table 2</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng195er15tab2"><a href="/books/NBK604350/table/niceng195er15.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 2" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobniceng195er15tab2"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/table-icon.gif" alt="Table Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng195er15.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK604350/table/niceng195er15.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng195er15tab2">Table 2</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies. </p></div></div><p>See the full evidence tables in <a href="#niceng195er15.appd">appendix D</a> and the forest plots in <a href="#niceng195er15.appe">appendix E</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.6"><h4>Summary of the evidence</h4><p>This section is a narrative summary of the findings of the review, as presented in the GRADE tables in <a href="#niceng195er15.appf">appendix F</a>. For details of the committee's confidence in the evidence and how this affected recommendations, see The committee’s discussion and interpretation of the evidence.</p><p>The evidence was assessed as being very low quality due to high or moderate risk of bias in some of the domains of the QUIPs checklist, serious heterogeneity, the inclusion of indirect outcomes, and imprecision due to small number of events. The evidence was stratified by age; however, there was insufficient evidence to stratify according to receipt of critical care.</p><p>The evidence was seriously or very seriously imprecise, so cannot be taken as definitive evidence of presence or absence of association.</p><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.6.1"><h5>All-cause mortality</h5><p>In children and adults, evidence showed a moderate association between bacterial meningitis and all-cause mortality.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.6.2"><h5>Motor deficits</h5><p>In babies, bacterial meningitis was strongly associated with neuromotor disabilities or cerebral palsy.</p><p>In children, bacterial meningitis was also strongly associated with long-term motor deficits, when measured as impairments in gross motor function, fine motor function (in adjusted and unadjusted analyses), abnormal coordination, abnormal balance, dysdiadochokinesis, and inpatient admission for cerebral palsy or another paralytic syndrome. There was a moderate association between bacterial meningitis and disorders of the nervous system. There was no evidence for an association between bacterial meningitis and spasticity, or abnormal oculomotor test, or nystagmus or tremor of the hands and exaggerated knee jerks, or cerebral palsy, or use of outpatient services for cerebral palsy or another paralytic syndrome.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.6.3"><h5>Cognitive and developmental complications</h5><p>In neonates, bacterial meningitis was strongly associated with an increased risk of long-term cognitive deficits when measured as an intelligence quotient (IQ) less than 70. There was no evidence of an increased risk of cognitive deficit when measured as an IQ between 70 and 80.</p><p>In babies, bacterial meningitis was also strongly associated with long-term cognitive deficits when defined as learning difficulties and an IQ less than 70.</p><p>In babies, bacterial meningitis was strongly associated with poor educational achievement when measured as the number who achieved less than 4 General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) exam passes, or number who repeated a grade, or number in receipt of special educational assistance.</p><p>In babies, bacterial meningitis was strongly associated with speech and/or language problems.</p><p>In children, bacterial meningitis was strongly associated with long-term cognitive deficits when measured as a full-scale IQ of less than 80 (adjusted and unadjusted analyses), a verbal IQ of less than 85, and functional limitation in terms of cognition rated by parents on the Health Utilities Index (HUI-2). There was no evidence of an increased risk of cognitive deficit when measured as full-scale IQ of less than 85 or less than 90. In children, bacterial meningitis was strongly associated with having serious educational problems (based on parental report) in terms of speed, and concentration problems.</p><p>In children, bacterial meningitis was strongly associated with receipt of special educational assistance, being unable to read, deficient school achievement (based on parental report), and referral to a special needs school. There was a small but statistically significant association between bacterial meningitis and a lower rate of completion of high school education or obtaining a degree from college or university. There was no evidence that receiving more family help with homework, requiring remedial help such as tutoring, poor academic achievement (assessed with the Wide Range Achievement Test and Gilmore Oral Reading Test), reading or arithmetic ability below appropriate grade level, repeating a grade, vocational education, or speech difficulties, were associated with bacterial meningitis.</p><p>In adults, there was a strong association between bacterial meningitis and cognitive impairment, impaired executive function, and impaired non-verbal learning/memory. There was no evidence for an increased risk of impaired attention, impaired short-term/working memory, impaired verbal learning/memory, or impaired visuo-constructive functions associated with bacterial meningitis.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.6.4"><h5>Behavioural and psychological complications</h5><p>In babies, bacterial meningitis was strongly associated with long-term behavioural problems (based on parent/GP report or on the number scoring above cut-off based on the total score of the Child Behaviour Checklist [CBCL]). There was no evidence of an increased risk associated with bacterial meningitis for internalising or externalising problems (based on number scoring above cut-off on subscales of the CBCL).</p><p>In children, there was a strong association between bacterial meningitis and problems with adjustment at school (assessed using CBCL subscale). There were moderate associations between bacterial meningitis and long-term behavioural deficits when measured as the number scoring above cut-off based on total CBCL score or having serious educational problems (based on parental report) in terms of hyperactivity. There was no evidence of an increased risk associated with bacterial meningitis for the teacher-report version of the CBCL based on total behaviour score or adjustment at school (adaptive function in clinical range), or internalising or externalising problems (assessed using subscales of the CBCL).</p><p>In children, bacterial meningitis was strongly associated with psychological distress as reported by parents (scoring above cut-off on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), serious educational problems (based on parental report) in terms of depressed mood, and functional impairment in terms of emotion (assessed with HUI-2). There was no evidence of an increased risk associated with bacterial meningitis for depressive symptoms (assessed with self-report or parent-report versions of the Moods and Feelings Questionnaire), or psychological distress based on self-report. There was no evidence of an increased risk of DSM-IV ADHD symptoms (in terms of inattention, or hyperactivity-impulsiveness), or of functional impairment (scoring below cut-off for adaptive functioning on the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale) associated with bacterial meningitis.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.6.5"><h5>Hearing impairment</h5><p>In neonates, there was a possible association between bacterial meningitis and sensorineural hearing loss (90% CI 1.14 to 150.83), however this was not statistically significant (using standard 95% CI).</p><p>In babies, there was a moderate association between bacterial meningitis and any hearing impairment. In children, there was a strong association between bacterial meningitis and any hearing impairment. There was no evidence for an increased risk associated with bacterial meningitis of attending outpatient services for hearing problems.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.6.6"><h5>Visual impairment</h5><p>In neonates, there was no evidence of an increased risk of bilateral impairment of visual acuity associated with bacterial meningitis.</p><p>In babies, bacterial meningitis was strongly associated with ocular or visual disorders.</p><p>In children, there was a strong association between bacterial meningitis and sensitivity to light. There was a moderate association between bacterial meningitis and having diseases of the eye or adnexa. There was no evidence of an increased risk associated with bacterial meningitis for impaired vision (based on parental report), abnormalities of vision (based on medical examination), having vision worse than 6/9 or N5, squints, inpatient admission rates for eye diseases, or use of outpatient services for eye diseases.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.6.7"><h5>Epilepsy</h5><p>In neonates, there was no evidence of an increased risk of seizure disorder or absence seizures associated with bacterial meningitis.</p><p>In babies, bacterial meningitis was strongly associated with seizure disorders.</p><p>In children, there was a strong association between inpatient admission rates for epilepsy/seizure disorders and bacterial meningitis. There was no evidence of increased risks associated with bacterial meningitis for a diagnosis of epilepsy, or use of outpatient services for epilepsy/seizure disorders.</p><p>In adults, there was a strong association between bacterial meningitis and a diagnosis of epilepsy.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.6.8"><h5>Hydrocephalus with a shunt</h5><p>In neonates, there was no evidence of an increased risk associated with bacterial meningitis for persistent hydrocephalus requiring a shunt.</p><p>In children, there was no evidence of an increased risk of ventriculoperitoneal shunt associated with bacterial meningitis.</p><p>There were a number of outcomes in the protocol that were not reported by any studies, including disorders of consciousness and headache.</p><p>See <a href="#niceng195er15.appf">appendix F</a> for full GRADE tables.</p></div></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.7"><h4>Economic evidence</h4><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.7.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>A single economic search was undertaken for all topics included in the scope of this guideline, but no economic studies were identified which were applicable to this review question. See the literature search strategy in <a href="#niceng195er15.appb">appendix B</a> and economic study selection flow chart in <a href="#niceng195er15.appg">appendix G</a>.</p></div></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.8"><h4>Economic model</h4><p>No economic modelling was undertaken for this review because the committee agreed that other topics were higher priorities for economic evaluation. This was because this topic was an epidemiological review which does not involve a comparison of competing courses of action. Although the review could lead to recommendations for follow-up with opportunity costs it was not thought that the recommendations would substantially alter current practice and it was not anticipated that there will be the comparative effectiveness data to formulate a meaningful economic analysis.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.9"><h4>The committee's discussion and interpretation of the evidence</h4><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.9.1"><h5>The outcomes that matter most</h5><p>Bacterial meningitis is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. All-cause mortality and disorders of consciousness were prioritised as critical outcomes for all age groups because of the severity of these outcomes. Similarly, long term motor deficits, long-term cognitive deficits, long-term behavioural deficits, long-term psychological impairment, any hearing impairment, any visual impairment, diagnosis of epilepsy and speech and language disorder were prioritised as critical outcomes in all age groups because of the potential long-term impact of these outcomes on the ability to carry out certain activities of daily life and on quality of life.</p><p>As above, moderate developmental delay, severe developmental delay and educational achievement were prioritised as critical outcomes because of the potential impact of these on daily functioning and quality of life. However, they were only included for neonates, babies, and children because they will not be relevant to people who contracted bacterial meningitis in adulthood. Headache and hydrocephalus with a shunt were also selected as critical outcomes for adults, and neonates, babies, and children, respectively, because these outcomes could impact on quality of life and were expected to be commonly reported in studies.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.9.2"><h5>The quality of the evidence</h5><p>The quality of the evidence was assessed using GRADE methodology. The evidence for all outcomes identified in this review was very low quality, and the main reasons for downgrading the evidence were risk of bias (for example, arising from issues with study participation due to limited information about baseline characteristics, participants lost to follow-up, lack of information about prognostic factor measurement, subjective measurement of outcome, failure to adjust for confounding factors, and insufficient presentation of analytical strategy) and imprecision due to small number of events. There was also some heterogeneity that could not be explained by subgroup analysis and one instance of inclusion of an indirect outcome.</p><p>No evidence was found that reported disorders of consciousness or headache.</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.9.3"><h5>Benefits and harms</h5><p>The committee considered the evidence for long-term complications associated with bacterial meningitis and noted that the quality of the evidence was very low for all outcomes and findings were mostly seriously or very seriously imprecise and should not be taken as definitive evidence of associations (or lack thereof). Despite this, the committee made recommendations based on the best available evidence and their knowledge and experience. The committee were aware that in neonates and adults there was an absence of evidence for some outcomes (for example, long-term motor deficits in neonates and adults; and hearing impairment in adults); however, in the absence of evidence the committee felt, based on their knowledge and experience, that it was reasonable to extrapolate from the evidence on babies and children as bacterial meningitis could have similar impacts for other ages.</p><p>The committee agreed, based on the evidence of long-term complications identified in this review, that it is important that people with bacterial meningitis should not be discharged from hospital until relevant assessments have taken place and follow up with appropriate services has been arranged so that they receive appropriate care and are not lost to follow-up. The committee were aware that assessment of some complications (for example, hearing loss) can be done in hospital whereas some complications should be assessed in the community (for example, developmental problems). The committee also acknowledged that some people would have profound complications that are apparent at discharge, but some people may not, so appropriate follow-up arrangements will depend on individual circumstances. Therefore, the committee agreed that requirements for follow-up should be identified before discharging people with bacterial meningitis from hospital, taking account of the potential for the complications identified in the evidence.</p><p>The committee discussed that information (including any plans for follow-up) needs to be shared with community teams (the GP, and if appropriate health visitor and school nurse) to best enable professionals to identify and/or manage any complications of bacterial meningitis. The committee emphasised that this information should be communicated at or before discharge to avoid any gaps in the provision of care. The committee acknowledged that in their experience people may have queries or concerns and may need support after discharge and recommended that the patient and their family members and carers are informed about their main point of contact.</p><p>Evidence showed that bacterial meningitis was strongly associated with intellectual disability in neonates, babies, and children; with poor educational attainment and/or the need for special educational assistance in babies and children; and with speech and/or language problems in babies. Based on this evidence, and their clinical knowledge and experience the committee recommended that preparation for hospital discharge should include referral to community neurodevelopmental follow-up for neonates, babies, and children.</p><p>The committee noted that there was some evidence for an association between long-term behavioural problems, including problems with adjustment at school, following bacterial meningitis in babies and children. The evidence also showed that bacterial meningitis may increase the risk of psychological distress in children. No evidence was identified for long-term psychological impairments associated with bacterial meningitis in adults. However, based on their clinical knowledge and experience, the committee agreed that bacterial meningitis can increase the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychological sequelae, and recommended that cognitive and psychological support needs should be considered as part of planning for discharge for people with bacterial meningitis and a referral to psychological services should be made where needs are identified.</p><p>The evidence for epilepsy as a long-term complication of bacterial meningitis was mixed. There was some evidence for an association between a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis and seizure disorders (in babies) and inpatient admission rates for epilepsy/seizure disorders (in children). However, there was no evidence of an increased risk associated with bacterial meningitis for seizures in neonates, a diagnosis of epilepsy, or use of outpatient services for epilepsy in children. In the committee’s experience, although some people may need long-term anti-epileptic drugs following meningitis, about 60 to 70% of people may not, as seizures may be a transient effect of the acute phase of illness, rather than an ongoing issue related to, for example, a diagnosis of epilepsy. Therefore, the committee were concerned about unnecessary long-term use of anti-epileptic drugs and agreed that people who are on anti-epileptic drugs during acute illness and at hospital discharge should have the requirement for such medication reviewed 3 months after hospital discharge by an appropriate specialist. The committee recommended a 3-month follow-up period based on consensus opinion that this would give sufficient time to see if seizures were a transient effect of the illness.</p><p>The evidence showed that bacterial meningitis increased the risk of long-term hearing impairments for babies and children, and a possible association was identified for neonates. As hearing loss can have a serious impact on quality of life, the committee recommended a formal audiological assessment within 4 weeks of being fit to test, ideally before discharge. The committee noted that for neonates this should be a detailed hearing test using auditory evoked brain responses rather than the newborn rapid otoacoustic emission screen. Based on their clinical knowledge and experience, the committee were aware that if cochlear implants are needed, they should be inserted within 6 months to reduce the likelihood of cochlear ossification (which would impact feasibility of cochlear implants), and this highlighted the importance of prompt hearing assessment. As the presence and degree of hearing loss needs to be established before referral for cochlear implants can be considered, any delays associated with hearing assessment would also cause delays to assessment for cochlear implants. For the same reasons, the committee agreed that once severe or profound deafness has been identified, it is important that assessment for cochlear implants happens urgently.</p><p>In addition to the actions discussed above that should occur before people are discharged from hospital, the committee agreed that people should be followed up 4 to 6 weeks after discharge to discuss any complications associated with their bacterial meningitis and to ensure appropriate referrals are made and potential complications are not missed. For neonates, babies, children and young people, this review should be undertaken by a paediatrician, whereas for adults this review should be undertaken by a hospital doctor. The committee agreed this review should cover all possible associated morbidities, specifically the results of hearing test and whether cochlear implants are needed, psychosocial problems, and neurological and developmental problems as bacterial meningitis had moderate to strong association with these complications. However, the committee acknowledged that for adults the results of hearing tests may not be available at 4 to 6 weeks after discharge as, having a cold, for example, could make someone not fit to test and then the results of their hearing test could be delayed. The committee agreed that the overall review should not be delayed if the results of hearing tests are unavailable, due to the importance of identifying and addressing any other complications early, but that the results of hearing tests should be reviewed as soon as they are available. The committee agreed that neurological and developmental problems in neonates, babies, children, and young people should be reviewed in liaison with community child development services which is in line with routine practice, and neurological problems and care needs should be reviewed in adults.</p><p>For neonates, babies, children and young people, the committee agreed that long-term monitoring is required to identify latent or evolving sequelae (for example, neurodevelopmental, sensory, psychosocial, behavioural, and educational complications). The committee agreed that babies under 12 months should be reviewed 1 year after discharge by a paediatrician to assess for the complications identified in the evidence (neurodevelopmental, sensory, and psychosocial); and community child development services should follow-up and assess babies, children, and young people for neurodevelopmental complications for at least 2 years after discharge, and refer to relevant services (for example, neurodisability services may be needed based on severity of complications) and agree follow-up as appropriate. The committee also discussed that if a child or young person develops possible neurodevelopmental complications more than 2 years after discharge, their family members or carers should get advice from their GP. Therefore, the committee included a recommendation to raise awareness of this. The committee recommended that healthcare professionals (including school nurses, health visitors, and GPs) should be alert for late-onset complications of bacterial meningitis and be aware that complications may not appear until key transition points (for example, starting nursery, primary school, or secondary school). The committee agreed that this recommendation would provide an important safety net to minimise the risk of long-term complications being missed if they occur after the recommended period for formal follow-up.</p><p>The evidence showed that bacterial meningitis can increase the risk of poor educational outcomes. The committee agreed that the impact on education may not always be apparent, as it may not necessarily be that children and younger people are underachieving, rather that they could be achieving more if they had specific support. Therefore, they recommended that family members or carers should inform their child or young person’s school about past episode of meningitis, that this may affect their learning and that they may need additional reviews of their educational outcomes and learning needs (even when there have been no known complications). Similarly, the committee agreed that people in work or education may require a phased return, and/or referral for assessments for any additional needs or adaptations (including driving) by appropriate services if complications are present.</p><p>The committee acknowledged the moderate association between bacterial meningitis and all-cause mortality in children and adults but agreed that this was not something that could be addressed directly by a recommendation. However, in their experience, it is likely that higher rates of all-cause mortality would be secondary to some of the other complications identified in this review; therefore, the recommendations made will help to address the increased risk observed.</p><p>The committee noted that the evidence was very limited for long-term complications following bacterial meningitis in neonates, with only 1 eligible study identified and this study is not recent (published in 2003). The committee discussed that quantifying the long-term complications of bacterial meningitis is important to allow appropriate counselling and followup of those at risk and to prioritise treatment and prevention strategies. The committee agreed to include a research recommendation to investigate the long-term outcomes after bacterial meningitis in infancy (see <a href="#niceng195er15.appk">Appendix K</a>).</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.9.4"><h5>Cost effectiveness and resource use</h5><p>This review question was not prioritised for economic analysis and therefore the committee made a qualitative assessment of the likely cost-effectiveness of their recommendations. The committee made a cross reference to the NICE guideline on rehabilitation after critical illness in adults (2009) to address the relief of symptoms and to restore normal functions in people who develop long-term complications of bacterial meningitis.</p><p>Given the evidence on the health and educational harms resulting from bacterial meningitis, the committee made recommendations to ensure that the relevant assessments were undertaken to ensure that appropriate care is provided to people with bacterial meningitis and that they are not lost to follow-up. The committee reasoned that this could avert downstream costs and adverse impacts on health-related quality of life and educational attainment.</p><p>The committee considered that it was cost-effective to follow-up and assess neonates, babies, children, and young people for neurological complications for at least 2 years after discharge as such complications may not be apparent before then. The committee reasoned that early recognition and management was important to mitigate health and educational harms and that follow-up to achieve this would represent a good use of NHS resources.</p><p>Some of the recommendations made by the committee relate to vigilance and awareness about the possibility of late-onset complications which may impact on health-related quality of life or education. Whilst these recommendations have a negligible resource impact the committee believed they help to promote better recognition and management of people with bacterial meningitis who do develop such late-onset complications.</p><p>No significant resource impact is anticipated from these recommendations which the committee felt are in line with current NHS practice.</p></div></div><div id="niceng195er15.s1.1.10"><h4>Recommendations supported by this evidence review</h4><p>This evidence review supports recommendations 1.14.13 to 1.14.16, 1.14.21 to 1.14.28, 1.17.1 to 1.17.2, and the recommendation for research on long-term outcomes of bacterial meningitis. Other evidence supporting these recommendations can be found in evidence reviews on long-term complications and follow-up for meningococcal disease and support for confirmed meningitis or meningococcal disease.</p></div></div><div id="niceng195er15.rl.r1"><h3>References - included studies</h3><ul class="simple-list"><div id="niceng195er15.rl.r1.1"><h4>Prognostic</h4><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref1"><p id="p-423">
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<strong>Anderson 2004</strong>
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</p>Anderson
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V., Anderson
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P., Grimwood
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K. et al (2004). Cognitive and executive function 12 years after childhood bacterial meningitis: effect of acute neurologic complications and age of onset, Journal of Pediatric Psychology
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29(2), 67–81
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15096529" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15096529</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref2"><p id="p-424">
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<strong>Bedford 2001</strong>
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</p>Bedford
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H., de Louvois
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J., Halket
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S. et al (2001). Meningitis in infancy in England and Wales: follow up at age 5 years, BMJ
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323(7312), 533–536
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[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC48156/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC48156</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11546697" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11546697</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref3"><p id="p-425">
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<strong>Berg 2002</strong>
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</p>Berg
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S., Trollfors
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B., Hugosson
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S. et al (2002). Long-term follow-up of children with bacterial meningitis with emphasis on behavioural characteristics, European Journal of Pediatrics
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161(6), 330–336
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12029452" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12029452</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref4"><p id="p-426">
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<strong>Christie 2011</strong>
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</p>Christie
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D., Viner
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R. M., Knox
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K. et al (2011). Long-term outcomes of pneumococcal meningitis in childhood and adolescence, European Journal of Pediatrics
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170(8), 997–1006
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21246216" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21246216</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref5"><p id="p-427">
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<strong>D'Angio 1995</strong>
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</p>D'Angio
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C. T., Froehlke
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R. G., Plank
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G. A.
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et al (1995). Long-term outcome of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in Navajo Indian children, Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
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149(9), 1001–1008
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7655584" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7655584</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref6"><p id="p-428">
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<strong>de Louvois 2007</strong>
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</p>de Louvois
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J., Halket
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S., Harvey
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D. (2007). Effect of meningitis in infancy on school-leaving examination results, Archives of Disease in Childhood
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92(11), 959–962
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[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2083607/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2083607</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17379662" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17379662</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref7"><p id="p-429">
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<strong>Feldman 1988</strong>
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</p>Feldman
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H. M. and Michaels
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R. H. (1988). Academic achievement in children ten to 12 years after Haemophilus influenzae meningitis, Pediatrics
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81(3), 339–344
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3344177" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 3344177</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref8"><p id="p-430">
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<strong>Grimwood 1995</strong>
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</p>Grimwood
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K., Anderson
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V. A., Bond
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L. et al (1995). Adverse outcomes of bacterial meningitis in school-age survivors, Pediatrics
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95(5), 646–656
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7536915" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7536915</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref9"><p id="p-431">
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<strong>Hoogman 2007</strong>
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</p>Hoogman
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M., van de Beek
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D., Weisfelt
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M. et al (2007). Cognitive outcome in adults after bacterial meningitis, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
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78(10), 1092–1096
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[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2117539/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2117539</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17353256" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17353256</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref10"><p id="p-432">
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<strong>Hugosson 1997</strong>
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</p>Hugosson
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S., Carlsson
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E., Borg
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E. et al (1997). Audiovestibular and neuropsychological outcome of adults who had recovered from childhood bacterial meningitis, International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
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42(2), 149–167
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9692625" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9692625</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref11"><p id="p-433">
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<strong>Kloek 2020</strong>
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</p>Kloek
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A. T., Brouwer
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M. C., Schmand
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B. et al (2020). Long-term neurologic and cognitive outcome and quality of life in adults after pneumococcal meningitis, Clinical Microbiology & Infection
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26(10), 1361–1367
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32006689" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32006689</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref12"><p id="p-434">
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<strong>Koomen 2003</strong>
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</p>Koomen
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I., Grobbee
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D. E., Jennekens-Schinkel
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A. et al (2003). Parental perception of educational, behavioural and general health problems in school-age survivors of bacterial meningitis, Acta Paediatrica
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92(2), 177–185
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12710643" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12710643</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref13"><p id="p-435">
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<strong>Moss 1982</strong>
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</p>Moss
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P. D. (1982). Outcome of meningococcal group B meningitis, Archives of Disease in Childhood
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57(8), 616–621
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[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1627717/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC1627717</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7114879" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7114879</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref14"><p id="p-436">
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|
<strong>Pickering 2018</strong>
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</p>Pickering
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L., Jennum
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P., Ibsen
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R. et al (2018). Long-term health and socioeconomic consequences of childhood and adolescent onset of meningococcal meningitis, European Journal of Pediatrics
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177(9), 1309–1315
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29923041" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29923041</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref15"><p id="p-437">
|
|
<strong>Roed 2010a</strong>
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</p>Roed
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C., Engsig
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F. N., Omland
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L. H. et al (2010). Long-term mortality in patients diagnosed with pneumococcal meningitis: a Danish nationwide cohort study, American Journal of Epidemiology
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172(3), 309–317
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20573837" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20573837</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref16"><p id="p-438">
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<strong>Roed 2010b</strong>
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</p>Roed
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C., Omland
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L. H., Engsig
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F. N. et al (2010). Long-term mortality in patients diagnosed with meningococcal [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2837384/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2837384</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20300639" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20300639</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref17"><p id="p-439">
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<strong>Roed 2011</strong>
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</p>Roed
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C., Engsig
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F. N., Omland
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L. H. et al (2011). Long-term mortality in children diagnosed with Haemophilus influenzae meningitis: a Danish nationwide cohort study, Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
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|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21487329" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21487329</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref18"><p id="p-440">
|
|
<strong>Roed 2012</strong>
|
|
</p>Roed
|
|
C., Engsig
|
|
F. N., Omland
|
|
L. H. et al (2012). Long-term mortality in patients diagnosed with Listeria monocytogenes meningitis: a Danish nationwide cohort study, Journal of Infection
|
|
64(1), 34–40
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22036889" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22036889</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref19">disease: a Danish nationwide cohort study, PLoS ONE
|
|
5(3), e9662
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2837384/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2837384</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20300639" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20300639</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref20"><p id="p-441">
|
|
<strong>Roed 2013</strong>
|
|
</p>Roed
|
|
C., Omland
|
|
L. H., Skinhoj
|
|
P. et al (2013). Educational achievement and economic self-sufficiency in adults after childhood bacterial meningitis, JAMA
|
|
309(16), 1714–1721
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23613076" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23613076</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref21"><p id="p-442">
|
|
<strong>Schmidt 2006</strong>
|
|
</p>Schmidt
|
|
H., Heimann
|
|
B., Djukic
|
|
M. et al (2006). Neuropsychological sequelae of bacterial and viral meningitis, Brain
|
|
129(pt2), 333–345
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16364957" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16364957</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref22"><p id="p-443">
|
|
<strong>Stevens 2003</strong>
|
|
</p>Stevens
|
|
J. P., Eames
|
|
M., Kent
|
|
A. et al (2003). Long term outcome of neonatal meningitis, Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal Edition
|
|
88(3), F179–F184
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1721546/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC1721546</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12719389" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12719389</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref23"><p id="p-444">
|
|
<strong>Taylor 1990</strong>
|
|
</p>Taylor
|
|
H. G., Mills
|
|
E. L., Ciampi
|
|
A. et al (1990). The sequelae of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in school-age children, New England Journal of Medicine
|
|
323(24), 1657–1663
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2233963" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 2233963</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref24"><p id="p-445">
|
|
<strong>Tejani 1982</strong>
|
|
</p>Tejani
|
|
A., Dobias
|
|
B., Sambursky
|
|
J. (1982). Long-term prognosis after H. influenzae meningitis: prospective evaluation, Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology
|
|
24(3), 338–343
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6980152" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 6980152</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref25"><p id="p-446">
|
|
<strong>Vartzelis 2011</strong>
|
|
</p>Vartzelis
|
|
G., Vasilopoulou
|
|
V., Katsioulis
|
|
A. et al (2011). Functional and behavioral outcome of bacterial meningitis in school-aged survivors, Pediatrics International
|
|
53(3), 300–302
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21507147" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21507147</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref26"><p id="p-447">
|
|
<strong>Zelano 2020</strong>
|
|
</p>Zelano
|
|
J. and Westman
|
|
G. (2020). Epilepsy after brain infection in adults: a register-based population-wide study, Neurology
|
|
95(24), e3213–e3220
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32989110" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32989110</span></a>]</div></p></li></ul></div><div id="niceng195er15.rl.r1.2"><h4>Economic</h4><ul class="simple-list"><p>No studies were identified which were applicable to this review question.</p></ul></div><div id="niceng195er15.rl.r1.3"><h4>Other</h4><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng195er15.ref27"><p id="p-449">
|
|
<strong>NICE 2018</strong>
|
|
</p>National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2018). Post-traumatic stress disorder. Available at: <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng116" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng116</a> [Accessed 03/02/2023] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31211536" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31211536</span></a>]</div></p></li></ul></div></ul></div></div><div id="appendixesappgroup1"><h2 id="_appendixesappgroup1_">Appendices</h2><div id="niceng195er15.appa"><h3>Appendix A. Review protocols</h3><p id="niceng195er15.appa.et1"><a href="/books/NBK604350/bin/niceng195er15-appa-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Review protocol for review question: What is the risk of long-term complications in bacterial meningitis?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 246K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng195er15.appb"><h3>Appendix B. Literature search strategies</h3><p id="niceng195er15.appb.et1"><a href="/books/NBK604350/bin/niceng195er15-appb-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Literature search strategies for review question: What is the risk of long-term complications in bacterial meningitis?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 256K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng195er15.appc"><h3>Appendix C. Prognostic evidence study selection</h3><p id="niceng195er15.appc.et1"><a href="/books/NBK604350/bin/niceng195er15-appc-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Study selection for: What is the risk of long-term complications in bacterial meningitis?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 303K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng195er15.appd"><h3>Appendix D. Evidence tables</h3><p id="niceng195er15.appd.et1"><a href="/books/NBK604350/bin/niceng195er15-appd-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Evidence tables for review question: What is the risk of long-term complications in bacterial meningitis?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 681K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng195er15.appe"><h3>Appendix E. Forest plots</h3><p id="niceng195er15.appe.et1"><a href="/books/NBK604350/bin/niceng195er15-appe-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Forest plots for review question: What is the risk of long-term complications in bacterial meningitis?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 318K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng195er15.appf"><h3>Appendix F. GRADE tables</h3><p id="niceng195er15.appf.et1"><a href="/books/NBK604350/bin/niceng195er15-appf-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">GRADE tables for review question: What is the risk of long-term complications in bacterial meningitis?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 391K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng195er15.appg"><h3>Appendix G. Economic evidence study selection</h3><p id="niceng195er15.appg.et1"><a href="/books/NBK604350/bin/niceng195er15-appg-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Study selection for: What is the risk of long-term complications in bacterial meningitis?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 113K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng195er15.apph"><h3>Appendix H. Economic evidence tables</h3><div id="niceng195er15.apph.s1"><h4>Economic evidence tables for review question: What is the risk of long-term complications in bacterial meningitis?</h4><p>No evidence was identified which was applicable to this review question.</p></div></div><div id="niceng195er15.appi"><h3>Appendix I. Economic model</h3><div id="niceng195er15.appi.s1"><h4>Economic model for review question: What is the risk of long-term complications in bacterial meningitis?</h4><p>No economic analysis was conducted for this review question.</p></div></div><div id="niceng195er15.appj"><h3>Appendix J. Excluded studies</h3><div id="niceng195er15.appj.s1"><h4>Excluded studies for review question: What is the risk of long-term complications in bacterial meningitis?</h4><div id="niceng195er15.appj.s1.1"><h5>Excluded diagnostic studies</h5><p>The excluded studies table only lists the studies that were considered and then excluded at the full-text stage for this review (N=143) and not studies (N=42) that were considered and then excluded from the search at the full-text stage as per the PRISMA diagram in <a href="#niceng195er15.appc">Appendix C</a> for the other review question in the same search.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng195er15appjtab1"><a href="/books/NBK604350/table/niceng195er15.appj.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 16" class="img_link icnblk_img" rid-ob="figobniceng195er15appjtab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/img/table-icon.gif" alt="Table Icon" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng195er15.appj.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK604350/table/niceng195er15.appj.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng195er15appjtab1">Table 16</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Excluded studies and reasons for their exclusion. </p></div></div></div><div id="niceng195er15.appj.s1.2"><h5>Excluded economic studies</h5><p>No economic evidence was identified for this review.</p></div></div></div><div id="niceng195er15.appk"><h3>Appendix K. Research recommendations - full details</h3><div id="niceng195er15.appk.s1"><h4>Research recommendations for review question: What is the risk of long-term complications in bacterial meningitis?</h4><div id="niceng195er15.appk.s1.1"><h5>Research question</h5><p>What are the long-term outcomes after bacterial meningitis in infancy?</p></div><div id="niceng195er15.appk.s1.2"><h5>Why this is important</h5><p>Neonatal bacterial infections (NDI) have long been recognised as an important cause of acute morbidity and mortality, but long-term neurodevelopmental consequences are not comprehensively described and there are no recent studies.</p><p>Quantifying the risks of NDI is important to allow appropriate counselling and follow-up of those at risk and to prioritise treatment and prevention strategies. Early identification of impairment and institution of appropriate interventions has been shown to improve the outcomes of affected babies, including motor, cognitive, and hearing outcomes.</p><p>Knowledge of the neurodevelopmental burden associated with infections may also justify consideration of new management strategies, including new antibiotics or adjunctive therapies, as well as prevention strategies (including vaccination).</p><p id="niceng195er15.appk.et1"><a href="/books/NBK604350/bin/niceng195er15-appk-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Download PDF</a><span class="small"> (119K)</span></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><div><p>Final</p></div><div><p>Evidence review underpinning recommendations 1.14.13 to 1.14.16, 1.14.21 to 1.14.28, 1.17.1 to 1.17.2, and the recommendation for research on long-term outcomes of bacterial meningitis in the NICE guideline</p><p>This evidence review was developed by NICE</p></div><div><p><b>Disclaimer</b>: The recommendations in this guideline represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or service users. The recommendations in this guideline are not mandatory and the guideline does not override the responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or their carer or guardian.</p><p>Local commissioners and/or providers have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual health professionals and their patients or service users wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with compliance with those duties.</p><p>NICE guidelines cover health and care in England. Decisions on how they apply in other UK countries are made by ministers in the <a href="http://wales.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Welsh Government</a>, <a href="http://www.scotland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Scottish Government</a>, and <a href="https://www.northernireland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Northern Ireland Executive</a>. All NICE guidance is subject to regular review and may be updated or withdrawn.</p></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © NICE 2024.</div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK604350</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38896763" title="PubMed record of this title" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">38896763</a></span></div></div><div class="small-screen-prev"></div><div class="small-screen-next"></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng195er15tab1"><div id="niceng195er15.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 1</span><span class="title">Summary of the protocol</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK604350/table/niceng195er15.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng195er15.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Population</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">All adults, young people, children and babies (including neonates defined as aged 28 days old and younger) with confirmed bacterial meningitis.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Prognostic factors</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bacterial meningitis</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Comparison</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No bacterial meningitis (healthy cohort)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<b>Outcome</b>
|
|
</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<b>Critical</b>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Population: adults, neonates, infants and children</p>
|
|
<p>Proportion of those with the following complications (measured after resolution of the acute phase of illness*)<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>All-cause mortality</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Disorders of consciousness (for example, minimally conscious state, persistent vegetative state)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term motor deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term cognitive deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term behavioural deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term psychological impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any hearing impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any visual impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Diagnosis of epilepsy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Speech and language disorder</div></li></ul></p>
|
|
<p>Population: adults<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Headache</div></li></ul></p>
|
|
<p>Population: neonates, infants and children<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Moderate developmental delay</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Severe developmental delay</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Educational achievement</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Hydrocephalus with a shunt</div></li></ul></p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<b>Important</b>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>None</p>
|
|
<p>*For infants and children below school-age, educational, cognitive, behavioural deficits, and speech and language disorder will be assessed at school-age or later.</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng195er15tab2"><div id="niceng195er15.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 2</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK604350/table/niceng195er15.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng195er15.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population</th><th id="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risk factor</th><th id="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comments</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref1" rid="niceng195er15.ref1">Anderson 2004</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Australia</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=203</p>
|
|
<p>Children aged 3 months to 14 years who had bacterial meningitis, compared against grade- and sex-matched controls.</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: Age in months at admission</p>
|
|
<p>(median; range): 17 (3–79)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Educational achievement</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: 12 years</p>
|
|
<p>Socioeconomic status, sex and age were treated as covariates suggesting baseline differences and residual confounding. No adjusted data reported.</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref2" rid="niceng195er15.ref2">Bedford 2001</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>England and Wales</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=2975</p>
|
|
<p>Children who survived an episode of acute bacterial meningitis, compared against age- and sex-matched controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age: Not reported</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term motor deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term cognitive deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long term behavioural deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any hearing impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any visual impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Diagnosis of epilepsy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Speech and language disorder</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: 5 years</p>
|
|
<p>Age- and sex-matched controls were used but unclear if there was any residual confounding as limited information about baseline characteristics reported</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref3" rid="niceng195er15.ref3">Berg 2002</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Sweden</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=608</p>
|
|
<p>Children aged 0–4 years who had bacterial meningitis, compared against sibling controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at diagnosis (median; range):</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: 9.6 (6.5–14.3)</p>
|
|
<p>Control group: 11 (6.1–15.3)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (H. influenzae; S. pneumoniae; and N. meningitidis)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term motor deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term behavioural deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any hearing impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any visual impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Speech and language disorder</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: 2–13 years (calculated based on age at diagnosis and follow-up)</p>
|
|
<p>Controls were siblings of the closet age rather than age matched and unclear if there was any residual confounding</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref4" rid="niceng195er15.ref4">Christie 2011</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>UK</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=168</p>
|
|
<p>Children who survived bacterial meningitis, compared against sibling controls, or similarly aged young person</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at follow-up (median; range):</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: 7.7 (3–20)</p>
|
|
<p>Control group: 7.6 (3–20)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (S. pneumoniae)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term cognitive deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term psychological impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any hearing impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Educational achievement</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up (median; range): 6 (1–17.55) years</p>
|
|
<p>Matched analysis for hearing impairment and cognitive deficits; and unmatched analysis for psychological impairment and educational achievement were conducted</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref5" rid="niceng195er15.ref5">D’Angio 1995</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Retrospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=120</p>
|
|
<p>Navajo children who had bacterial meningitis, compared against sibling and age-matched controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at follow-up (mean): 9.3</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (H. influenzae)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term motor deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term cognitive deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any hearing impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Educational achievement</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Diagnosis of epilepsy</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: 3.6–15 years</p>
|
|
<p>Sibling or age-matched controls were used, but statistical analyses were not adjusted for confounders identified, such as per capita incomes and Hollingshead socioeconomic status scores</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref6" rid="niceng195er15.ref6">de Louvois 2007</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>England and Wales</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=1219</p>
|
|
<p>Children aged 16 years who had bacterial meningitis in infancy, compared against age- and sex-matched controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age: Not reported</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Educational achievement</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: 16 years</p>
|
|
<p>Age- and sex-matched controls used, but unclear if there was difference in baseline characteristics as such data not reported</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref7" rid="niceng195er15.ref7">Feldman 1988</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=35</p>
|
|
<p>Children who had H. influenzae meningitis, compared against age-matched siblings</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at follow-up (mean; SD): 13.3 (1.2)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (H. influenzae)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Educational achievement</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: 10–12 years</p>
|
|
<p>Age-matched controls were used, but unclear if there was residual confounding as limited baseline characteristics reported</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Australia</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=260</p>
|
|
<p>Children who had bacterial meningitis, compared against grade- and sex-matched children without history of meningitis</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at follow-up (mean; SD): 9 (2)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (H. influenzae; S. pneumoniae; N. meningitidis; and other or unknown)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term motor deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term cognitive deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term behavioural deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any hearing impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any visual impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Educational achievement</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Diagnosis of epilepsy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Hydrocephalus with a shunt</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up (mean): 6.7 years</p>
|
|
<p>Statistical analyses for IQ <80, behavioural deficits, educational achievement, balance, dysdiadochokinesis, fine motor function, coordination, and visual impairment were adjusted for age, sex, mother’s educational level, paternal occupation, and ethnicity. No adjusted data reported for IQ 70–80, IQ <70, cerebral palsy, spasticity, hearing impairment, and epilepsy.</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref9" rid="niceng195er15.ref9">Hoogman 2007</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Netherlands</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=227</p>
|
|
<p>Adults who survived bacterial meningitis, compared against healthy cohort</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at follow-up (mean; SD): 46 (15.4)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (Pneumococcal or meningococcal meningitis)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term cognitive deficits</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: up to 5.7 years</p>
|
|
<p>Test battery T scores were corrected for age and education, but no definition or measurement of cofounders reported</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref10" rid="niceng195er15.ref10">Hugosson 1997</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Sweden</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=42</p>
|
|
<p>Children who had bacterial meningitis before the age of seven, compared against age-matched students or healthy volunteer blood donors</p>
|
|
<p>Age in months at diagnosis (range):</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: 2–83</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (H. influenzae; and N. meningitidis)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term motor deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any hearing impairment</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: 17–27 years</p>
|
|
<p>Age-matched controls were used, but unclear if there was any residual cofounding</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref11" rid="niceng195er15.ref11">Kloek 2020</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Netherlands</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=149</p>
|
|
<p>Participants aged >16 years who had bacterial meningitis, compared against their partners or proxies</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at follow-up (median; IQR):</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: 63 (56–69)</p>
|
|
<p>Control group: 65 (54–68)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term cognitive deficits</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: 1–5 years</p>
|
|
<p>No attempt to control or match for confounders</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref12" rid="niceng195er15.ref12">Koomen 2003</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Retrospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Netherlands</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=984</p>
|
|
<p>Children who had bacterial meningitis, compared against school-age siblings and close friends</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at follow-up (median; range):</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: 8.5 (4.3–14.9)</p>
|
|
<p>Control group: 9.1 (3.2–14.9)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (N. meningitidis; S. pneumoniae; S. agalactiae; E. coli; and L. monocytogenes)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term cognitive deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term behavioural deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term psychological impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any hearing impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Educational achievement</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: Median 6.2 years (range 3.2–10 years)</p>
|
|
<p>The analysis was adjusted for age and sex</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref13" rid="niceng195er15.ref13">Moss 1982</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Retrospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>UK</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=120</p>
|
|
<p>Children who had bacterial meningitis, compared against age- and sex-matched controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years and months at diagnosis (range):</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: 1 month - 7 years 10 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (N. meningitidis)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term motor deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any hearing impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any visual impairment</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: 5–9 years</p>
|
|
<p>Age- and sex-matched controls were used, but unclear if there was residual confounding</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref14" rid="niceng195er15.ref14">Pickering 2018</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Denmark</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=5480</p>
|
|
<p>Children who had meningococcal meningitis before the age of 18 years, compared against age- and sex-matched controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at diagnosis:</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group (mean; SD): 8 (6)</p>
|
|
<p>Control group (median): 6</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (Meningococcal meningitis)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term motor deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any visual impairment</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: Not reported (The study stated that participants had meningitis at age 8 years, and assessments took place at age 30 years. Therefore, follow-up could be about 22 years)</p>
|
|
<p>Age- and sex-matched controls were used, but unclear if there was residual confounding</p>
|
|
<p>Long-term motor deficit is an indirect outcome as disorders of nervous system, that could include different types of neurological disorders, were reported</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref15" rid="niceng195er15.ref15">Roed 2010a</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Retrospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Denmark</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=10655</p>
|
|
<p>Children who had pneumococcal meningitis, compared against age- and sex-matched controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at diagnosis (median; IQR):</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: 44 (3–63)</p>
|
|
<p>Control group: 44 (3–63)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (Pneumococcal meningitis)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>All-cause mortality</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: up to 30 years</p>
|
|
<p>Age- and sex-matched controls were used,but no attempts were made to control for confounders (infectious disease and neoplasm) identified</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref16" rid="niceng195er15.ref16">Roed 2010b</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Retrospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Denmark</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=24545</p>
|
|
<p>Patients who had meningococcal meningitis or meningococcal disease, compared against age- and sex-matched controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at diagnosis (median; IQR):</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: 9 (2–18)</p>
|
|
<p>Control group: 9 (2–18)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (meningococcal meningitis)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>All-cause mortality</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: up to 30 years</p>
|
|
<p>Meningococcal meningitis: 3297/4909 (67%)</p>
|
|
<p>Age- and sex-matched controls were used, but unclear if there was any residual confounding</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref17" rid="niceng195er15.ref17">Roed 2011</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Retrospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Denmark</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=8694</p>
|
|
<p>Children who had H. influenzae meningitis, compared against age- and sex-matched controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at diagnosis (median; IQR):</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: 1.1 (1–2)</p>
|
|
<p>Control group: 1.1 (1–2)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (H. influenzae)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>All-cause mortality</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term motor deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any hearing impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any visual impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Diagnosis of epilepsy</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: Median 21.3 years (IQR: 17–26 years)</p>
|
|
<p>Age- and sex-matched controls were used,but no attempts to control for potential confounders (infectious disease and ear diseases) identified</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref18" rid="niceng195er15.ref18">Roed 2012</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Retrospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Denmark</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=1140</p>
|
|
<p>Patients who had Listeria meningitis, compared against age- and sex-matched controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at diagnosis (median; IQR):</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: 62 (50–73)</p>
|
|
<p>Control group: 62 (50–73)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (Listeria meningitis)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>All-cause mortality</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Follow-up: up to 30 years Age- and sex-matched controls were used, but no attempts to control for confounders (infectious disease and cancer) identified</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref20" rid="niceng195er15.ref20">Roed 2013</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Retrospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Denmark</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=16802</p>
|
|
<p>Patients who had bacterial meningitis, compared against full siblings</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at diagnosis (mean; SD):</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: 2 (1)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (meningococcal, pneumococcal, and H. influenzae meningitis)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Educational achievement</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: Not reported (Participants had meningitis at age 2 years and were followed up until age 35. Therefore, follow-up could be about 33 years)</p>
|
|
<p>Age- and sex-matched controls were used, but unclear if there was residual confounding</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref21" rid="niceng195er15.ref21">Schmidt 2006</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Germany</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=89 (whole study N=148)</p>
|
|
<p>Patients with confirmed bacteriological or ≥2 laboratory signs of bacterial CNS infection plus signs of bacterial meningitis, compared against age- and sex-matched controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at follow-up (mean; SD): 45 (14)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (S. pneumoniae; N. meningitidis; S. aureus; Streptococci; L. monocytogenes)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term cognitive deficits</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: 6 years</p>
|
|
<p>Study also included 59 participants with viral meningitis, but this group was not of interest for current review so was not extracted</p>
|
|
<p>Age- and sex-matched controls were used,but no attempts to control for potential confounders (socioeconomic status) identified</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref22" rid="niceng195er15.ref22">Stevens 2003</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>England and Wales</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=273</p>
|
|
<p>Children who had neonatal bacterial meningitis, compared against age- and sex-matched controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at follow-up (mean; SD): 9 (0.3)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (L. monocytogenes; Gram negative bacteria; E. coli; Group B streptococci)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term cognitive deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any hearing impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Any visual impairment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Diagnosis of epilepsy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Hydrocephalus with a shunt</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: Not reported</p>
|
|
<p>(Participants had neonatal meningitis and were assessed at age 9–10 years, so follow-up could be 9–10 years)</p>
|
|
<p>Age- and sex-matched controls were used, but unclear if there was residual confounding</p>
|
|
<p>Unclear whether participants were preterm or term neonates as no such data reported</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref23" rid="niceng195er15.ref23">Taylor 1990</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Canada</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=194</p>
|
|
<p>Children who had H. influenzae meningitis, compared against school-age siblings</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at follow-up (mean; SD): 11 (3)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (H. influenzae type b)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term cognitive deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term behavioural deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Educational achievement</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: Not reported (Participants had meningitis at age 17.3 months and were assessed at age 9.6 years, so follow-up could be about 8 years)</p>
|
|
<p>No attempts were made to control potential confounders</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref24" rid="niceng195er15.ref24">Tejani 1982</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=37</p>
|
|
<p>Children who had H. influenzae meningitis, compared against sibling controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age in months/years at diagnosis (range):</p>
|
|
<p>Bacterial meningitis group: 2 months to 6 years</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (H. influenzae type b)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term cognitive deficits</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Educational achievement</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: up to 4 years</p>
|
|
<p>All children in the bacterial meningitis group were admitted to ICU</p>
|
|
<p>No attempts were made to identify or control for confounders</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref25" rid="niceng195er15.ref25">Vartzelis 2011</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Prospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Greece</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=60</p>
|
|
<p>Children who had bacterial meningitis when they were aged >6 months, compared against healthy children or teenagers from the extended families of the patients</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at follow-up (mean; SD): 13 (3)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis (N. meningitidis; S. pneumoniae; H. influenzae; and Group B streptococcus)</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Long-term behavioural deficits</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: Not reported (The study stated that participants were assessed when they were aged between 7 and 17 years)</p>
|
|
<p>No attempts were made to identify or control for confounders</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref26" rid="niceng195er15.ref26">Zelano 2020</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Retrospective cohort study</p>
|
|
<p>Sweden</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=39040 (whole study N=48329)</p>
|
|
<p>Patients aged >18 years who had bacterial meningitis, compared against age- and sex-matched controls</p>
|
|
<p>Age in years at diagnosis: >18 years</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Bacterial meningitis</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Diagnosis of epilepsy</div></li></ul>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Follow-up: up to 17 years</p>
|
|
<p>Study also included participants with other brain infections, such as herpes simplex virus encephalitis (N=443), tick-borne encephalitis (N=886), abscess (N=938), other meningitis (N=5778), and other encephalitis (N=1244), but these groups were not of interest for current review so was not extracted</p>
|
|
<p>Age- and sex-matched controls were used, but unclear if there was residual confounding</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CNS: central nervous system; E. coli: Escherichia coli; H. influenzae: Haemophilus influenzae; ICU: intensive care unit; IQ: intelligence quotient; IQR: interquartile range; L. monocytogenes: Listeria monocytogenes; N. meningitidis: Neisseria meningitidis; SD: standard deviation; S. aureus: Staphylococcus aureus; S. agalactiae: Streptococcus agalactiae; S. pneumoniae: Streptococcus pneumoniae</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng195er15appjtab1"><div id="niceng195er15.appj.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 16</span><span class="title">Excluded studies and reasons for their exclusion</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK604350/table/niceng195er15.appj.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng195er15.appj.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Code [Reason]</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Adachi
|
|
N.; Ito
|
|
K.; Sakata
|
|
H. (2010) Risk factors for hearing loss after pediatric meningitis in Japan. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology
|
|
119(5): 294–6
|
|
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20524573" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20524573</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Adams-Chapman
|
|
I., Bann
|
|
C. M., Das
|
|
A.
|
|
et al (2013) Neurodevelopmental outcome of extremely low birth weight infants with Candida infection. Journal of Pediatrics
|
|
163(4): 961–7.e3
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3786056/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3786056</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23726546" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23726546</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Ahmed
|
|
A. S. M. N. U., Khan
|
|
N. Z., Hussain
|
|
M.
|
|
et al (2013) Follow-up of cases of haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis to determine its long-term sequelae. Journal of Pediatrics
|
|
163(1 SUPPL): S44–S49
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23773594" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23773594</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study from low or middle income country</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Akpede
|
|
G. O., Abiodun
|
|
P. O., Ambe
|
|
J. P.
|
|
et al (1994) Presenting features of bacterial meningitis in young infants. Annals of Tropical Paediatrics
|
|
14(3): 245–252
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7825999" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7825999</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study from low or middle income country</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Akpede
|
|
G. O., Akuhwa
|
|
R. T., Ogiji
|
|
E. O.
|
|
et al (1999) Risk factors for an adverse outcome in bacterial meningitis in the tropics: A reappraisal with focus on the significance and risk of seizures. Annals of Tropical Paediatrics
|
|
19(2): 151–159
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10690255" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10690255</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study from low or middle income country</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Al-Asmary
|
|
S. M., Abdel-Fattah
|
|
M. M., Asal
|
|
A. A.
|
|
et al (2004) Emotional and behavioral problems among male Saudi schoolchildren and adolescents. Neurosciences
|
|
9(4): 299–306
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23377252" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23377252</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Al-Harbi
|
|
M.; Barakat
|
|
N.; Al-Khandary
|
|
M. (2008) Hearing screening in at risk newborn. Journal of Medical Sciences
|
|
8(7): 648–653
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Al-Harthi
|
|
A. A., Dagriri
|
|
K. A., Asindi
|
|
A. A.
|
|
et al (2000) Neonatal meningitis. Neurosciences
|
|
5(3): 162–5
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24276805" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24276805</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Al-Husseinawi
|
|
A. K. (2021) A year of surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis in the children welfare teaching hospital. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology
|
|
15(3): 778–784
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study from low or middle income country</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Al-Mazrou
|
|
Y. Y., Musa
|
|
E. K., Abdalla
|
|
M. N.
|
|
et al (2003) Disease burden and case management of bacterial meningitis among children under 5 years of age in Saudi Arabia. SAUDI MEDICAL JOURNAL
|
|
24(12): 1300–1307
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14710273" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14710273</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Ali
|
|
Z. (1995) Neonatal meningitis: A 3-year retrospective study at the Mount Hope Women's Hospital, Trinidad, West Indies. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|
|
41(2): 109–111
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7776392" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7776392</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Alsubaie
|
|
S. and Alrabiaah
|
|
A. (2020) Clinical Characteristics, Acute Complications, and Neurologic Outcomes of Salmonella Meningitis in Saudi Infants and Children. Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
|
|
15(1): 031–038
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Anand
|
|
V. and Nair
|
|
P. M. (2014) Neonatal seizures: Predictors of adverse outcome. Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences
|
|
9(2): 97–9
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4166859/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4166859</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25250059" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25250059</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study from low or middle income country</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Anderson
|
|
V., Bond
|
|
L., Catroppa
|
|
C.
|
|
et al (1997) Childhood bacterial meningitis: impact of age at illness and acute medical complications on long term outcome. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
|
|
3(2): 147–58
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9126856" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9126856</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Same participants and data as <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref1" rid="niceng195er15.ref1">Anderson 2004</a> and <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, which are already included</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Andreu-Ballester
|
|
J. C., Gonzalez-Sanchez
|
|
A., Ballester
|
|
F.
|
|
et al (2010) Epidemiology of meningitis in the valencian community (Spain), 1995–2007: Hospital admissions incidence, causative agents, and mortality. Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice
|
|
18(1): 29–36
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Annegers
|
|
J. F., Hauser
|
|
W. A., Beghi
|
|
E.
|
|
et al (1988) The risk of unprovoked seizures after encephalitis and meningitis. Neurology
|
|
38(9): 1407–10
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3412588" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 3412588</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Insufficient presentation of results</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>The incidence of unprovoked seizures in people with bacterial meningitis compared with expected incidence based on age-specific rates of unprovoked seizures in general population (from previously published data). Insufficient information about the number of people and events in the general population</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Antoniuk
|
|
S. A., Hamdar
|
|
F., Ducci
|
|
R. D.
|
|
et al (2011) Childhood acute bacterial meningitis: risk factors for acute neurological complications and neurological sequelae. Jornal de Pediatria
|
|
87(6): 535–40
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22170227" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22170227</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Baldwin
|
|
R. L.; Sweitzer
|
|
R. S.; Freind
|
|
D. B. (1985) Meningitis and sensorineural hearing loss. Laryngoscope
|
|
95(7pt1): 802–5
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3892208" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 3892208</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Baraff
|
|
L. J.; Lee
|
|
S. I.; Schriger
|
|
D. L. (1993) Outcomes of bacterial meningitis in children: a meta-analysis. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|
|
12(5): 389–94
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8327300" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8327300</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Bellmunt
|
|
A. M., Roberts
|
|
R., Lee
|
|
W. T.
|
|
et al (2016) Does an Otolaryngology-Specific Database Have Added Value? A Comparative Feasibility Analysis. Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery
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|
155(1): 56–64
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5072747/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5072747</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27371627" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27371627</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Beswick
|
|
R., Driscoll
|
|
C., Kei
|
|
J.
|
|
et al (2013) Which risk factors predict postnatal hearing loss in children?. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology
|
|
24(3): 205–13
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23506665" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23506665</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Bohr
|
|
V.; Paulson
|
|
O. B.; Rasmussen
|
|
N. (1984) Pneumococcal meningitis. Late neurologic sequelae and features of prognostic impact. Archives of Neurology
|
|
41(10): 1045–9
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6477211" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 6477211</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Bozzola
|
|
M., Meazza
|
|
C., Bossi
|
|
G.
|
|
et al (2019) Growth Impairment in Acute Central Infectious Diseases. Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
|
|
14(1): 11–12
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Bunker-Wiersma
|
|
H. E., Koopmans
|
|
R. P., Kuipers
|
|
T. W.
|
|
et al (2008) Single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes of circulatory homeostasis in surviving pediatric intensive care patients with meningococcal infection. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
|
|
9(5): 517–23
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18679149" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18679149</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- No outcomes of interest</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Carter
|
|
J. A.; Neville
|
|
B. G.; Newton
|
|
C. R. (2003) Neuro-cognitive impairment following acquired central nervous system infections in childhood: a systematic review. Brain Research - Brain Research Reviews
|
|
43(1): 57–69
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14499462" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14499462</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Chandran
|
|
A., Herbert
|
|
H., Misurski
|
|
D.
|
|
et al (2011) Long-term sequelae of childhood bacterial meningitis: an underappreciated problem. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|
|
30(1): 3–6
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20683377" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20683377</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Christiansen
|
|
M., Jensen
|
|
E. S., Brandt
|
|
C. T.
|
|
et al (2020) Otoacoustic emissions in patients with bacterial meningitis. International Journal of Audiology
|
|
59(9): 647–653
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32100579" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32100579</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Included studies investigate the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of hearing screening tools</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Christie
|
|
D., Rashid
|
|
H., El-Bashir
|
|
H.
|
|
et al (2017) Impact of meningitis on intelligence and development: A systematic review and metaanalysis. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource]
|
|
12(8): e0175024
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5570486/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5570486</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28837564" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28837564</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Systematic review includes studies of viral meningitis</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Ciapponi
|
|
A., Elorriaga
|
|
N., Rojas
|
|
J. I.
|
|
et al (2014) Epidemiology of pediatric pneumococcal meningitis and bacteremia in Latin America and the caribbean: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|
|
33(9): 971–978
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24830699" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24830699</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- No outcomes of interest</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Clark
|
|
L. J., Glennie
|
|
L., Audrey
|
|
S.
|
|
et al (2013) The health, social and educational needs of children who have survived meningitis and septicaemia: the parents' perspective. BMC Public Health
|
|
13: 954
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3852620/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3852620</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24112360" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24112360</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Coenraad
|
|
S., Goedegebure
|
|
A., van Goudoever
|
|
J. B.
|
|
et al (2010) Risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in NICU infants compared to normal hearing NICU controls. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|
|
74(9): 999–1002
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20554331" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20554331</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Coenraad
|
|
S., Goedegebure
|
|
A., van Goudoever
|
|
J. B.
|
|
et al (2011) Risk factors for auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder in NICU infants compared to normal-hearing NICU controls. Laryngoscope
|
|
121(4): 852–5
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21305553" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21305553</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Cushing
|
|
S. L., Papsin
|
|
B. C., Rutka
|
|
J. A.
|
|
et al (2009) Vestibular end-organ and balance deficits after meningitis and cochlear implantation in children correlate poorly with functional outcome. Otology & Neurotology
|
|
30(4): 488–95
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19395989" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19395989</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Insufficient presentation of results</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Continuous outcomes (for example, scores) but not proportion of participants with outcome of interest reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Dastouri
|
|
F., Hosseini
|
|
A. M., Haworth
|
|
E.
|
|
et al (2014) Complications of serogroup B meningococcal disease in survivors: a review. Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets
|
|
14(3): 205–12
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25809622" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25809622</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
De Jonge
|
|
R. C. J., Swart
|
|
J. F., Koomen
|
|
I.
|
|
et al (2008) No structural cerebral differences between children with a history of bacterial meningitis and healthy siblings. Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics
|
|
97(10): 1390–1396 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18637795" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18637795</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- No outcomes of interest</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Doctor
|
|
B. A., Newman
|
|
N., Minich
|
|
N. M.
|
|
et al (2001) Clinical outcomes of neonatal meningitis in very-low birth-weight infants. Clinical Pediatrics
|
|
40(9): 473–80
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11583045" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11583045</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Comparison group is not healthy cohort</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Doder
|
|
Radoslava, Boskovic
|
|
Ksenija, Mikic
|
|
Sandra Stefan
|
|
et al (2011) Assessing the differences in quality of life in patients after acute neuroinfection. HEALTHMED
|
|
5(6): 2225–2232
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Full text not available</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Douglas
|
|
S. A.; Sanli
|
|
H.; Gibson
|
|
W. P. (2008) Meningitis resulting in hearing loss and labyrinthitis ossificans - does the causative organism matter?. Cochlear Implants International
|
|
9(2): 90–6
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18246540" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18246540</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Drake
|
|
R.; Dravitski
|
|
J.; Voss
|
|
L. (2000) Hearing in children after meningococcal meningitis. Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health
|
|
36(3): 240–3
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10849224" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10849224</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Drougia
|
|
A., Giapros
|
|
V., Krallis
|
|
N.
|
|
et al (2007) Incidence and risk factors for cerebral palsy in infants with perinatal problems: A 15-year review. Early Human Development
|
|
83(8): 541–547
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17188824" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17188824</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Durand
|
|
M. L., Calderwood
|
|
S. B., Weber
|
|
D. J.
|
|
et al (1993) Acute bacterial meningitis in adults. A review of 493 episodes. New England Journal of Medicine
|
|
328(1): 21–8
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8416268" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8416268</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Durisin
|
|
M., Arnoldner
|
|
C., Stover
|
|
T.
|
|
et al (2008) Audiological performance in cochlear implanted patients deafened by meningitis depending on duration of deafness. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
|
|
265(4): 381–8
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18246365" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18246365</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Dzupova
|
|
O., Rozsypal
|
|
H., Prochazka
|
|
B.
|
|
et al (2009) Acute bacterial meningitis in adults: predictors of outcome. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|
|
41(5): 348–54
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19306157" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19306157</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Edmond
|
|
K., Clark
|
|
A., Korczak
|
|
V. S.
|
|
et al (2010) Global and regional risk of disabling sequelae from bacterial meningitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Infectious Diseases
|
|
10(5): 317–28
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20417414" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20417414</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Included studies compared the risk of sequelae between pneumococcal and Hib meningitis, but no comparison between bacterial meningitis and healthy cohort</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
El-Naggar
|
|
W., Afifi
|
|
J., McMillan
|
|
D.
|
|
et al (2019) Epidemiology of Meningitis in Canadian Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|
|
38(5): 476–480
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30986789" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30986789</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No outcomes of interest</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Short-term outcomes but not outcomes after resolution of acute phase of illness reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Erlangsen
|
|
A., Stenager
|
|
E., Conwell
|
|
Y.
|
|
et al (2020) Association Between Neurological Disorders and Death by Suicide in Denmark. JAMA
|
|
323(5): 444–454
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7042859/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC7042859</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32016308" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32016308</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Fellick
|
|
J. M. and Thomson
|
|
A. P. (2002) Long-term outcomes of childhood meningitis. Hospital Medicine (London)
|
|
63(5): 274–7 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12066345" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12066345</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Fernandes
|
|
D., Goncalves-Pereira
|
|
J., Janeiro
|
|
S.
|
|
et al (2014) Acute bacterial meningitis in the intensive care unit and risk factors for adverse clinical outcomes: retrospective study. Journal of Critical Care
|
|
29(3): 347–50
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24405655" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24405655</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Ferwerda
|
|
B., Valls Seron
|
|
M., Jongejan
|
|
A.
|
|
et al (2016) Variation of 46 Innate Immune Genes Evaluated for their Contribution in Pneumococcal Meningitis Susceptibility and Outcome. EBioMedicine
|
|
10: 77–84
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5006661/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5006661</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27432718" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27432718</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- No outcomes of interest</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Flores-Cordero
|
|
J. M., Amaya-Villar
|
|
R., Rincon-Ferrari
|
|
M. D.
|
|
et al (2003) Acute community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults admitted to the intensive care unit: clinical manifestations, management and prognostic factors. Intensive Care Medicine
|
|
29(11): 1967–73
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12904848" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12904848</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Focke
|
|
N. K., Kallenberg
|
|
K., Mohr
|
|
A.
|
|
et al (2013) Distributed, limbic gray matter atrophy in patients after bacterial meningitis. Ajnr: American Journal of Neuroradiology
|
|
34(6): 1164–7
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7964575/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC7964575</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23194831" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23194831</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- No outcomes of interest</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Fuentes-Antras
|
|
J., Ramirez-Torres
|
|
M., Osorio-Martinez
|
|
E.
|
|
et al (2019) Acute Community-Acquired Bacterial Meningitis: Update on Clinical Presentation and Prognostic factors. New Microbiologica
|
|
41(4): 81–87
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30994177" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30994177</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Geyik
|
|
M. F., Kokoglu
|
|
O. F., Hosoglu
|
|
S.
|
|
et al (2002) Acute bacterial meningitis as a complication of otitis media and related mortality factors. Yonsei Medical Journal
|
|
43(5): 573–8
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12402369" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12402369</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study from low or middle income country</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Ghotbi
|
|
F. and Shiva
|
|
F. (2009) An assessment of the necessity of lumbar puncture in children with seizure and fever. JPMA - Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|
|
59(5): 292–5 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19438132" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19438132</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study from low or middle income country</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Grimwood
|
|
K., Anderson
|
|
P., Anderson
|
|
V.
|
|
et al (2000) Twelve year outcomes following bacterial meningitis: further evidence for persisting effects. Archives of Disease in Childhood
|
|
83(2): 111–6
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1718445/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC1718445</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10906014" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10906014</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Same participants and data as <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref1" rid="niceng195er15.ref1">Anderson 2004</a> and <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref8" rid="niceng195er15.ref8">Grimwood 1995</a>, which are already included</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Gronhoj
|
|
M. H., Sejbaek
|
|
T., Hansen
|
|
R. W.
|
|
et al (2021) Serum levels of neurofilament light chain, neuron-specific enolase and S100 calcium-binding protein B during acute bacterial meningitis: a prospective cohort study. Infectious Diseases
|
|
53(6): 409–419
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33583314" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 33583314</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>No comparison for outcomes of interest between those with bacterial meningitis and the healthy controls</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Halket
|
|
S., de Louvois
|
|
J., Holt
|
|
D. E.
|
|
et al (2003) Long term follow up after meningitis in infancy: behaviour of teenagers. Archives of Disease in Childhood
|
|
88(5): 395–8
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1719566/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC1719566</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12716708" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12716708</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Same participants and data as <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref6" rid="niceng195er15.ref6">de Louvois 2007</a> and <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref2" rid="niceng195er15.ref2">Bedford 2001</a>, which are already included</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Horvath-Puho
|
|
E., Snoek
|
|
L., van Kassel
|
|
M. N.
|
|
et al (2021) Every Country, Every Woman, Every Child; Group B Streptococcal Disease Worldwide Prematurity modifies the risk of long-term neurodevelopmental impairments after invasive Group B Streptococcus infections during infancy in Denmark and the Netherlands. Clinical Infectious Diseases
|
|
24: 24 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8775650/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC8775650</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34559200" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 34559200</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Horvath-Puho
|
|
E., van Kassel
|
|
M. N., Goncalves
|
|
B. P.
|
|
et al (2021) Mortality, neurodevelopmental impairments, and economic outcomes after invasive group B streptococcal disease in early infancy in Denmark and the Netherlands: a national matched cohort study. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
|
|
5(6): 398–407
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8131199/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC8131199</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33894156" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 33894156</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Group B streptococcal disease</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Hosoglu
|
|
S., Ayaz
|
|
C., Geyik
|
|
M. F.
|
|
et al (1997) Acute bacterial meningitis in adults: analysis of 218 episodes. Irish Journal of Medical Science
|
|
166(4): 231–4
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9394072" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9394072</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study from low or middle income country</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Huang
|
|
C. C., Chang
|
|
Y. C., Chow
|
|
N. H.
|
|
et al (1997) Level of transforming growth factor beta 1 is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of children with acute bacterial meningitis. Journal of Neurology
|
|
244(10): 634–8
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9402540" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9402540</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Comparison group is not healthy cohort</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Hughes
|
|
G. J., Wright
|
|
L. B., Chapman
|
|
K. E.
|
|
et al (2016) Serotype-specific differences in short-and longer-term mortality following invasive pneumococcal disease. Epidemiology & Infection
|
|
144(12): 2654–69
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4988273/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4988273</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27193457" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27193457</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Hugosson
|
|
S., Silfverdal
|
|
S. A., Garpenholt
|
|
O.
|
|
et al (1995) INVASIVE HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE DISEASE - EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CLINICAL SPECTRUM BEFORE LARGE-SCALE HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE TYPE-B VACCINATION. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
|
|
27(1): 63–67
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7784816" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7784816</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Isaacson
|
|
J. E., Hasenstab
|
|
M. S., Wohl
|
|
D. L.
|
|
et al (1996) Learning disability in children with postmeningitic cochlear implants. Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head & Neck Surgery
|
|
122(9): 929–36
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8797555" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8797555</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Jacob
|
|
L., Koyanagi
|
|
A., Haro
|
|
J. M.
|
|
et al (2021) Association between inflammatory central nervous system diseases and epilepsy: A retrospective cohort study of 4252 patients in Germany. Epilepsy & Behavior
|
|
117: 107879
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33711682" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 33711682</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>People with encephalitis, meningitis or brain abscess, and proportion of people with meningitis not reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Jatto
|
|
M. E., Adeyemo
|
|
A. A., Ogunkeyede
|
|
S. A.
|
|
et al (2020) Pediatric Hearing Thresholds Post-bacterial Meningitis. Frontiers in Surgery
|
|
7: 36
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7363762/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC7363762</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32733912" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32733912</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study from low or middle income country</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Jiang
|
|
H. Y., Zhang
|
|
X., Pan
|
|
L. Y.
|
|
et al (2020) Childhood infection and subsequent risk of psychotic disorders in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian Journal of Psychiatry
|
|
54 (no pagination) [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32663796" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32663796</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Jit
|
|
M. (2010) The risk of sequelae due to pneumococcal meningitis in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Infection
|
|
61(2): 114–24
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20433866" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20433866</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>No comparison between pneumococcal meningitis and healthy cohort</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Johansson Kostenniemi
|
|
U., Bazan
|
|
A., Karlsson
|
|
L.
|
|
et al (2021) Psychiatric Disabilities and Other Long-term Consequences of Childhood Bacterial Meningitis. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|
|
40(1): 26–31
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33021593" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 33021593</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Jung
|
|
Y. J. (2021) Bacterial meningitis in very low birthweight infants in the Korean Neonatal Network 2013–2016. Pediatrics International
|
|
15: 15 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34779089" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 34779089</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Kadambari
|
|
S., Trotter
|
|
C. L., Heath
|
|
P. T.
|
|
et al (2021) Group B Streptococcal Disease in England (1998 – 2017): A Population-based Observational Study. Clinical Infectious Diseases
|
|
72(11): e791–e798
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32989454" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32989454</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Kang
|
|
C. I., Song
|
|
J. H., Kim
|
|
S. H.
|
|
et al (2013) Association of levofloxacin resistance with mortality in adult patients with invasive pneumococcal diseases: a post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort. Infection
|
|
41(1): 151–7
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22821428" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22821428</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Kaplan
|
|
S. L., Schutze
|
|
G. E., Leake
|
|
J. A.
|
|
et al (2006) Multicenter surveillance of invasive meningococcal infections in children. Pediatrics
|
|
118(4): e979–84
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17015517" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17015517</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Kaplan
|
|
S. L., Smith
|
|
E. O., Wills
|
|
C.
|
|
et al (1986) Association between preadmission oral antibiotic therapy and cerebrospinal fluid findings and sequelae caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis. Pediatric Infectious Disease
|
|
5(6): 626–32
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3491977" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 3491977</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Khandaker
|
|
G. M., Stochl
|
|
J., Zammit
|
|
S.
|
|
et al (2015) A population-based prospective birth cohort study of childhood neurocognitive and psychological functioning in healthy survivors of early life meningitis. Annals of Epidemiology
|
|
25(4): 236–42
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4560168/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4560168</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25794764" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25794764</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>The study did not specify how many participants had bacterial meningitis</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Kim
|
|
B. G.; Jang
|
|
M. S.; Kim
|
|
J. (2021) Epidemiology of Pediatric Meningitis in South Korea From 2010 to 2018: A Population-based Retrospective Cohort Study. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|
|
40(10): 885–891
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33990524" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 33990524</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Kimia
|
|
A., Ben-Joseph
|
|
E. P., Rudloe
|
|
T.
|
|
et al (2010) Yield of lumbar puncture among children who present with their first complex febrile seizure. Pediatrics
|
|
126(1): 62–9
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20566610" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20566610</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Kirkham
|
|
F. J. (2017) Neurocognitive outcomes for acute global acquired brain injury in children. Current Opinion in Neurology
|
|
30(2): 148–155
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28212177" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28212177</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Kjersem
|
|
H., Bohr
|
|
V., Rasmussen
|
|
N.
|
|
et al (1986) Mortality in the years following bacterial meningitis. Infection
|
|
14(2): 55–9
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3710593" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 3710593</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Insufficient presentation of results</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Insufficient information about the number of people and events in the general population</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Klinger
|
|
G., Chin
|
|
C. N., Beyene
|
|
J.
|
|
et al (2000) Predicting the outcome of neonatal bacterial meningitis. Pediatrics
|
|
106(3): 477–82
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10969090" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10969090</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Kloek
|
|
A. T., Seron
|
|
M. V., Schmand
|
|
B.
|
|
et al (2021) Individual responsiveness of macrophage migration inhibitory factor predicts long-term cognitive impairment after bacterial meningitis. Acta Neuropathologica Communications
|
|
9(1): 4
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7789269/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC7789269</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33407905" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 33407905</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Same participants and data as <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref11" rid="niceng195er15.ref11">Kloek 2020</a>, which is already included</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Kohli-Lynch
|
|
M., Russell
|
|
N. J., Seale
|
|
A. C.
|
|
et al (2017) Neurodevelopmental Impairment in Children After Group B Streptococcal Disease Worldwide: Systematic Review and Meta-analyses. Clinical Infectious Diseases
|
|
65(suppl2): S190–S199
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5848372/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5848372</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29117331" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29117331</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Non comparative study</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Koomen
|
|
I., Grobbee
|
|
D. E., Roord
|
|
J. J.
|
|
et al (2003) Hearing loss at school age in survivors of bacterial meningitis: assessment, incidence, and prediction. Pediatrics
|
|
112(5): 1049–53
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14595044" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14595044</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Comparison group is not healthy cohort</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Koomen
|
|
I., Raat
|
|
H., Jennekens-Schinkel
|
|
A.
|
|
et al (2005) Academic and behavioral limitations and health-related quality of life in school-age survivors of bacterial meningitis. Quality of Life Research
|
|
14(6): 1563–72
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16110936" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16110936</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Insufficient presentation of results</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Continuous outcomes but not proportion of participants with outcomes of interest reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Legood
|
|
R., Coen
|
|
P. G., Knox
|
|
K.
|
|
et al (2009) Health related quality of life in survivors of pneumococcal meningitis. Acta Paediatrica
|
|
98(3): 543–7
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19046349" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19046349</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Insufficient presentation of results</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Continuous outcomes but not proportion of participants with outcomes of interest reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Lepur
|
|
D.; Kutlesa
|
|
M.; Barsic
|
|
B. (2011) Prospective observational cohort study of cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity in patients with inflammatory CNS diseases. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
|
|
30(8): 989–96
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7102361/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC7102361</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21279530" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21279530</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Insufficient presentation of results</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Continuous outcomes but not proportion of participants with outcomes of interest reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Lesnakova
|
|
A., Holeckova
|
|
K., Kolenova
|
|
A.
|
|
et al (2007) Bacterial meningitis after sinusitis and otitis media: ear, nose, throat infections are still the commonest risk factors for the community acquired meningitis. Neuroendocrinology Letters
|
|
28suppl3: 14–5 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18030266" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18030266</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Letson
|
|
G. W., Gellin
|
|
B. G., Bulkow
|
|
L. R.
|
|
et al (1992) Severity and frequency of sequelae of bacterial meningitis in Alaska Native infants. Correlation with a scoring system for severity of sequelae. American Journal of Diseases of Children
|
|
146(5): 560–6
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1621657" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 1621657</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Lopes-Junior
|
|
L. C.; Rosa
|
|
M. A. D. R. D. P.; Lima
|
|
R. A. G. D. (2018) Psychological and Psychiatric Outcomes Following PICU Admission: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
|
|
19(1): e58–e67
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29189670" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29189670</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Lundbo
|
|
L. F., Harboe
|
|
Z. B., Clausen
|
|
L. N.
|
|
et al (2016) Genetic Variation in NFKBIE Is Associated With Increased Risk of Pneumococcal Meningitis in Children. EBioMedicine
|
|
3: 93–99
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4739413/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4739413</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26870821" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26870821</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Meert
|
|
Kathleen L., Reeder
|
|
Ron, Maddux
|
|
Aline B.
|
|
et al (2020) Trajectories and Risk Factors for Altered Physical and Psychosocial Health-Related Quality of Life After Pediatric Community-Acquired Septic Shock*. PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
|
|
21(10): 869–878
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9059316/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC9059316</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32667767" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32667767</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Merkelbach
|
|
S., Sittinger
|
|
H., Schweizer
|
|
I.
|
|
et al (2000) Cognitive outcome after bacterial meningitis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
|
|
102(2): 118–23
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10949529" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10949529</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No outcomes of interest</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Continuous outcomes reported 2.5 years after illness</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Metan
|
|
G., Hayran
|
|
M., Hascelik
|
|
G.
|
|
et al (2006) Which patient is a candidate for empirical therapy against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteraemia? An analysis of associated risk factors in a tertiary care hospital. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|
|
38(67): 527–31
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16798705" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16798705</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Miedzinska
|
|
Magdalena, Hnatyszyn
|
|
Grazyna, Konefal
|
|
Halina
|
|
et al (2012) Meningitis and chosen complications of neonatal period in preterm neonates born to single or multiple pregnancies. GINEKOLOGIA POLSKA
|
|
83(3): 202–208
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22568196" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22568196</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Non-English language article</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Mulder
|
|
C. J. and Zanen
|
|
H. C. (1986) Listeria monocytogenes neonatal meningitis in The Netherlands. European Journal of Pediatrics
|
|
145(12): 60–2
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3089798" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 3089798</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Mulder
|
|
C. J. and Zanen
|
|
H. C. (1984) A study of 280 cases of neonatal meningitis in The Netherlands. Journal of Infection
|
|
9(2): 177–84
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6438242" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 6438242</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Mwaniki
|
|
M. K., Atieno
|
|
M., Lawn
|
|
J. E.
|
|
et al (2012) Long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes after intrauterine and neonatal insults: A systematic review. The Lancet
|
|
379(9814): 445–452 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3273721/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3273721</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22244654" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22244654</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Non-comparative data</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Nelson
|
|
G. E., Pondo
|
|
T., Toews
|
|
K. A.
|
|
et al (2016) Epidemiology of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections in the United States, 2005–2012. Clinical Infectious Diseases
|
|
63(4): 478–86
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5776658/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5776658</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27105747" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27105747</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Neufeld
|
|
M. Y., Treves
|
|
T. A., Chistik
|
|
V.
|
|
et al (1999) Postmeningitis headache. Headache
|
|
39(2): 132–4
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15613206" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15613206</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Only 24% had bacterial meningitis and 76% had viral meningitis.</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Offringa
|
|
M., Beishuizen
|
|
A., Derksen-Lubsen
|
|
G.
|
|
et al (1992) Seizures and fever: can we rule out meningitis on clinical grounds alone?. Clinical Pediatrics
|
|
31(9): 514–22
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1468167" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 1468167</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Study about recognising meningitis, but not long-term complications</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Oostenbrink
|
|
R., Maas
|
|
M., Moons
|
|
K. G.
|
|
et al (2002) Sequelae after bacterial meningitis in childhood. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|
|
34(5): 379–82
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12069024" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12069024</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Pedersen
|
|
E. M. J., Kohler-Forsberg
|
|
O., Nordentoft
|
|
M.
|
|
et al (2020) Infections of the central nervous system as a risk factor for mental disorders and cognitive impairment: A nationwide register-based study. Brain, Behavior, & Immunity
|
|
88: 668–674
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32353515" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32353515</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Results not reported separately for those with bacterial meningitis and proportion of those with bacterial meningitis not reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Petersen
|
|
H., Patel
|
|
M., Ingason
|
|
E. F.
|
|
et al (2014) Long-term effects from bacterial meningitis in childhood and adolescence on postural control. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource]
|
|
9(11): e112016
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4236047/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4236047</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25405756" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25405756</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Insufficient presentation of results</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Outcomes are continuous apart from hearing impairment which has no comparative data</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Polat
|
|
T. B., Cetinkaya
|
|
F., Caliskan
|
|
M.
|
|
et al (2010) Assessment of hippocampal volumes in infants with a history of bacterial meningitis. Gazi Medical Journal
|
|
21(1): 34–37
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study from low or middle income country</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Rayanakorn
|
|
A., Goh
|
|
B. H., Lee
|
|
L. H.
|
|
et al (2018) Risk factors for Streptococcus suis infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific Reports
|
|
8(1): 13358
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6127304/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6127304</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30190575" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30190575</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study from low or middle income country</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Richardson
|
|
M. P., Reid
|
|
A., Williamson
|
|
T. J.
|
|
et al (1997) Acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion in children with bacterial meningitis. Journal of Laryngology & Otology
|
|
111(10): 913–6
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9425476" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9425476</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Insufficient presentation of results</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>No comparative data available for outcomes of interest</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Ritchi
|
|
L., Jennekens-Schinkel
|
|
A., van Schooneveld
|
|
M.
|
|
et al (2008) Behaviour is not really at risk after surviving meningitis in childhood. Acta Paediatrica
|
|
97(4): 438–41
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18307551" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18307551</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Insufficient presentation of results</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Continuous outcomes reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Robertson
|
|
F. C., Lepard
|
|
J. R., Mekary
|
|
R. A.
|
|
et al (2019) Epidemiology of central nervous system infectious diseases: A meta-analysis and systematic review with implications for neurosurgeons worldwide. Journal of Neurosurgery
|
|
130(4): 1107–1126 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29905514" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29905514</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- No outcomes of interest</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Rodenburg-Vlot
|
|
M. B. A., Ruytjens
|
|
L., Oostenbrink
|
|
R.
|
|
et al (2018) Repeated Audiometry After Bacterial Meningitis: Consequences for Future Management. Otology & Neurotology
|
|
39(5): e301–e306
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5959259/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5959259</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29659414" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29659414</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Comparison does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Comparison between cohorts with meningitis</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Rodenburg-Vlot
|
|
M. B., Ruytjens
|
|
L., Oostenbrink
|
|
R.
|
|
et al (2016) Systematic Review: Incidence and Course of Hearing Loss Caused by Bacterial Meningitis: In Search of an Optimal Timed Audiological Follow-up. Otology & Neurotology
|
|
37(1): 1–8
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26649601" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26649601</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Non-comparative data reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Roine
|
|
I., Pelkonen
|
|
T., Bernardino
|
|
L.
|
|
et al (2015) Ataxia and Its Association with Hearing Impairment in Childhood Bacterial Meningitis. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|
|
34(8): 809–13
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25933093" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25933093</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Samanta
|
|
S., Farrer
|
|
K., Breathnach
|
|
A.
|
|
et al (2011) Risk factors for late onset gram-negative infections: A case-control study. Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition
|
|
96(1): F15–F18
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20538712" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20538712</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Saxena
|
|
M., Young
|
|
P., Pilcher
|
|
D.
|
|
et al (2015) Early temperature and mortality in critically ill patients with acute neurological diseases: trauma and stroke differ from infection. Intensive Care Medicine. 03 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4414938/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4414938</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25643903" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25643903</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Schieveld
|
|
J. N. M.; van Tuijl
|
|
S.; Pikhard
|
|
T. (2013) On Nontraumatic Brain Injury in Pediatric Critical Illness, Neuropsychologic Short-Term Outcome, Delirium, and Resilience. CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
|
|
41(4): 1160–1161
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23528772" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23528772</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Schlesinger
|
|
L. S.; Ross
|
|
S. C.; Schaberg
|
|
D. R. (1987) Staphylococcus aureus meningitis: A broad-based epidemiologic study. Medicine
|
|
66(2): 148–156
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3821485" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 3821485</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Schmand
|
|
B., de Bruin
|
|
E., de Gans
|
|
J.
|
|
et al (2010) Cognitive functioning and quality of life nine years after bacterial meningitis. Journal of Infection
|
|
61(4): 330–4
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20659499" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20659499</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No outcomes of interest</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Continuous outcomes reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Schmidt
|
|
H., Cohrs
|
|
S., Heinemann
|
|
T.
|
|
et al (2006) Sleep disorders are long-term sequelae of both bacterial and viral meningitis. JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
|
|
77(4): 554–558
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2077506/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2077506</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16543543" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16543543</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- No outcomes of interest</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Continuous outcomes reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Schmitt
|
|
B. (2004) Neurological sequelae after bacterial meningitis. MONATSSCHRIFT KINDERHEILKUNDE
|
|
152(4): 391–395
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Non-English language article</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Selz
|
|
P. A., Girardi
|
|
M., Konrad
|
|
H. R.
|
|
et al (1996) Vestibular deficits in deaf children. Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery
|
|
115(1): 70–7
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8758633" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8758633</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>The study did not specify whether participants had bacterial meningitis, and continuous outcomes reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Seminog
|
|
O. O. and Goldacre
|
|
M. J. (2013) Risk of pneumonia and pneumococcal disease in people with severe mental illness: English record linkage studies. Thorax
|
|
68(2): 171–6
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23242947" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23242947</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Sewell
|
|
Elizabeth; Roberts
|
|
Jessica; Mukhopadhyay
|
|
Sagori (2021) Association of Infection in Neonates and Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Outcome. CLINICS IN PERINATOLOGY
|
|
48(2): 251–261
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8260078/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC8260078</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34030812" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 34030812</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Silkes
|
|
E. D. and Chabot
|
|
J. (1985) PROGRESSIVE HEARING-LOSS FOLLOWING HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE MENINGITIS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY
|
|
9(3): 249–256
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4055259" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 4055259</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Smith
|
|
I., Bjornevik
|
|
A. T., Augland
|
|
I. M.
|
|
et al (2006) Variations in case fatality and fatality risk factors of meningococcal disease in Western Norway, 1985–2002. Epidemiology & Infection
|
|
134(1): 103–10
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2870352/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2870352</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16409656" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16409656</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Stoll
|
|
B. J., Hansen
|
|
N. I., Adams-Chapman
|
|
I.
|
|
et al
|
|
et al. (2004) Neurodevelopmental and growth impairment among extremely low-birth-weight infants with neonatal infection. JAMA
|
|
292(19): 2357–65
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15547163" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15547163</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>The study did not specify whether participants had bacterial meningitis</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Stoll
|
|
B. J., Hansen
|
|
N., Fanaroff
|
|
A. A.
|
|
et al (2004) To tap or not to tap: high likelihood of meningitis without sepsis among very low birth weight infants. Pediatrics
|
|
113(5): 1181–6
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15121927" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15121927</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Streharova
|
|
A., Krcmery
|
|
V., Kisac
|
|
P.
|
|
et al (2007) Predictors of inferior outcome in community acquired bacterial meningitis. Neuroendocrinology Letters
|
|
28suppl3: 2–4 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18030261" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18030261</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Strifler
|
|
L., Morris
|
|
S. K., Dang
|
|
V.
|
|
et al (2016) The Health Burden of Invasive Meningococcal Disease: A Systematic Review. Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Societ
|
|
5(4): 417–430 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26501470" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26501470</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Sumpter
|
|
R., Brunklaus
|
|
A., McWilliam
|
|
R.
|
|
et al (2011) Health-related quality-of-life and behavioural outcome in survivors of childhood meningitis. Brain Injury
|
|
25(1314): 1288–95
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21961570" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21961570</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Tagarro
|
|
A., Bote
|
|
P., Sanchez
|
|
A.
|
|
et al (2016) Complications of Pneumococcal Bacteremia After Thirteen-valent Conjugate Vaccine Withdrawal. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|
|
35(12): 1281–1287
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27434828" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27434828</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Tarvij Eslami
|
|
S., Nassirian
|
|
H., Mojgan
|
|
B. M.
|
|
et al (2012) Comparison of cerebrospinal fluid in newborns and in infants <= 2 months old with or without meningitis. Pediatrics International
|
|
54(3): 336–40
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22192569" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22192569</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study from low or middle income country</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Taylor
|
|
H. G.; Barry
|
|
C. T.; Schatschneider
|
|
C. (1993) SCHOOL-AGE CONSEQUENCES OF HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE TYPE-B MENINGITIS. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY
|
|
22(2): 196–206
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Same participants and data as <a class="bibr" href="#niceng195er15.ref23" rid="niceng195er15.ref23">Taylor 1990</a>, which is already included</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Taylor
|
|
H. G., Michaels
|
|
R. H., Mazur
|
|
P. M.
|
|
et al (1984) Intellectual, neuropsychological, and achievement outcomes in children six to eight years after recovery from Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. Pediatrics
|
|
74(2): 198–205
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6611537" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 6611537</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Insufficient presentation of results</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Continuous outcomes but not proportion of participants with outcomes of interest reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Taylor
|
|
H. G., Schatschneider
|
|
C., Petrill
|
|
S.
|
|
et al (1996) Executive dysfunction in children with early brain disease: Outcomes post Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
|
|
12(1): 35–51
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>A validation study for tests of executive function</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Teixeira
|
|
D. C., Diniz
|
|
L. M. O., Guimaraes
|
|
N. S.
|
|
et al (2020) Risk factors associated with the outcomes of pediatric bacterial meningitis: a systematic review. Jornal de Pediatria
|
|
96(2): 159–167
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9432045/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC9432045</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31437421" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31437421</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Tubiana
|
|
S., Varon
|
|
E., Biron
|
|
C.
|
|
et al (2020) Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults: in-hospital prognosis, long-term disability and determinants of outcome in a multicentre prospective cohort. Clinical Microbiology & Infection
|
|
26(9): 1192–1200
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31927117" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31927117</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Tucci
|
|
M., Lebel
|
|
M. H., Gauthier
|
|
M.
|
|
et al (1995) Admission to a pediatric intensive care unit for bacterial meningitis: Review of 168 cases. Journal of Intensive Care Medicine
|
|
10(5): 253–260
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Tunkel
|
|
A. R.; Wispelwey
|
|
B.; Scheld
|
|
W. M. (1990) Bacterial meningitis: recent advances in pathophysiology and treatment. Annals of Internal Medicine
|
|
112(8): 610–23
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2183667" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 2183667</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
van de Beek
|
|
D., Schmand
|
|
B., de Gans
|
|
J.
|
|
et al (2002) Cognitive impairment in adults with good recovery after bacterial meningitis. Journal of Infectious Diseases
|
|
186(7): 1047–52
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12232850" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12232850</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Insufficient presentation of results</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Continuous outcomes but not proportion of participants with outcomes of interest reported</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
van Vliet
|
|
E. O., de Kieviet
|
|
J. F., Oosterlaan
|
|
J.
|
|
et al (2013) Perinatal infections and neurodevelopmental outcome in very preterm and very low-birth-weight infants: a meta-analysis. JAMA pediatrics
|
|
167(7): 662–8
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23689313" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23689313</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Did not specify whether participants had bacterial meningitis</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Wald
|
|
E. R., Bergman
|
|
I., Taylor
|
|
H. G.
|
|
et al (1986) Long-term outcome of group B streptococcal meningitis. Pediatrics
|
|
77(2): 217–21
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3511445" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 3511445</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Conference abstract.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Wang
|
|
H. C., Lau
|
|
C. I., Lin
|
|
C. C.
|
|
et al (2016) Group a streptococcal infections are associated with increased risk of pediatric neuropsychiatric disorders: A Taiwanese population-based cohort study. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
|
|
77(7): e848–e854
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27464318" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27464318</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Population does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Yost
|
|
G. C., Kaplan
|
|
A. M., Bustamante
|
|
R.
|
|
et al (1986) Bacterial meningitis in Arizona American Indian children. American Journal of Diseases of Children
|
|
140(9): 943–6
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3488676" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 3488676</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Zielinski
|
|
A., Kwon
|
|
C. B., Tomaszunas-Blaszczykl
|
|
J.
|
|
et al (2003) Risk of Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis in Polish children varies directly with number of siblings: Possible implications for vaccination strategies. European Journal of Epidemiology
|
|
18(9): 917–922
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14561054" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14561054</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng195er15.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Study design does not meet inclusion criteria</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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