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<script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.boots.min.js"> </script><title>Pistachio - Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
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<meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]">
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<meta name="citation_title" content="Pistachio">
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<meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Institute of Child Health and Human Development">
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<meta name="citation_date" content="2024/08/15">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Pistacia vera">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Pistacia atlantica">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="pistachio">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Mt. Atlas mastic tree">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Atlas pistachio">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Atlantic pistachio">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Atlantic terebinth">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Cyprus turpentine tree">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Persian turpentine tree">
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class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK597795_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Pistachio</span></h1><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK597795_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p><p><em>Estimated reading time: 2 minutes</em></p></div></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><div id="pistachio.Drug_Levels_and_Effects"><h2 id="_pistachio_Drug_Levels_and_Effects_">Drug Levels and Effects</h2><div id="pistachio.Summary_of_Use_during_Lactatio"><h3>Summary of Use during Lactation</h3><p>This record has information on <i>Pistacia vera,</i> which is the common edible pistachio nut, as well as <i>Pistacia atlantica</i>. Maternal pistachio nut consumption can cause allergies in their breastfed infants and pistachio allergy is cross-reactive with cashews. Although not widely described as a galactogogue, one woman consumed 2 to 3 cups daily of a tea made from the buds of the <i>Pistacia vera</i> tree for 3 to 4 weeks as a galactogogue and developed liver toxicity, possibly from the tea.[<a class="bibr" href="#pistachio.REF.1" rid="pistachio.REF.1">1</a>]</p><p><i>Pistacia atlantica</i> ointment appeared to be more effective than expressed breastmilk in treating nipple pain and fissures.</p></div><div id="pistachio.Drug_Levels"><h3>Drug Levels</h3><p><i>Maternal Levels.</i> Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.</p><p><i>Infant Levels.</i> Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.</p></div><div id="pistachio.Effects_in_Breastfed_Infants"><h3>Effects in Breastfed Infants</h3><p>A study of 912 infants in Türkiye with food allergy were evaluated before 24 months of age. During the first 6 months of life, 83.7% were exclusively breastfed, 15.8% were mixed-fed with formula, and 0.5% were exclusively formula-fed. Overall, 13.2% of the infants with food allergies were allergic to pistachio. Out of 61 exclusively breastfed infants with food allergies, 1 had an allergy to pistachio in the first 3 months of life and 3 had allergy to pistachio during the period of 4 to 6 months of age.[<a class="bibr" href="#pistachio.REF.2" rid="pistachio.REF.2">2</a>]</p><p>A 22-month-old girl developed facial hives on twice during breastfeeding that resolved spontaneously within 2 hours. These events were two months apart and she tolerated breastfeeding between the events. On both occasions the mother had eaten a large quantity of pistachios an hour earlier. The mother then ingested 100 grams of pistachio nuts 12, 5 and 1 hour prior to collecting 150 mL of breastmilk and a 10 mL aliquot of this was fed to the child. The patient developed facial and neck erythema and wheals, which subsided spontaneously after 20 minutes. Skin prick tests with commercial antigens were positive for pistachio, cashew and walnut, but negative with the mother’s milk collected after pistachio ingestion. After instructing the mother to follow a pistachio- and cashew-free diet, the patient had no further reactions with breast milk feedings.[<a class="bibr" href="#pistachio.REF.3" rid="pistachio.REF.3">3</a>]</p></div><div id="pistachio.Effects_on_Lactation_and_Breas"><h3>Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk</h3><p><i>Pistacia atlantica</i> in an ointment was studied for nipple fissure and pain in lactating women. The ointment consisted of 7 grams of beeswax, 10 grams of ghee and 7 grams of Saqez (oleoresin made from scratching the trunks of <i>Pistacia atlantica</i> trees). Either the ointment or expressed breastmilk was applied 3 times daily to the nipple fissure and areola. Pain and serious nipple fissures were less severe in the treatment group than in the control group who applied expressed breastmilk to their fissures.[<a class="bibr" href="#pistachio.REF.4" rid="pistachio.REF.4">4</a>,<a class="bibr" href="#pistachio.REF.5" rid="pistachio.REF.5">5</a>]</p></div><div id="pistachio.References"><h3>References</h3><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="pistachio.REF.1">Altınsoy
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KE, Oktay
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MM. Acute hepatitis associated with intake of Pistacia vera L. bud tea; A case report.
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Arch Acad Emerg Med
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2023;11:e35.
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[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10197915/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC10197915</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37215235" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 37215235</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="pistachio.REF.2">Kahveci
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M, Koken
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G, Şahiner
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ÜM, et al.
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Immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergies differ in east Mediterranean children aged 0-2 years.
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Int Arch Allergy Immunol
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2020;181:365-74.
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32097952" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32097952</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="pistachio.REF.3">Villalobos
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V, Betancor
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D, Pastor-Vargas
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C, et al.
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Pistachio allergens: The long journey between mother and daughter.
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J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol
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2023;33:64-5.
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35332872" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 35332872</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="pistachio.REF.4">As'adi
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N, Kariman
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N, Mojab
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F, et al.
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The effect of Saqez (<em>Pistacia atlantica</em>) ointment on nipple fissure improvement in breastfeeding women during one-month follow-up.
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Avicenna J Phytomed
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2017;7:477-85.
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[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5745531/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5745531</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29299430" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29299430</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="pistachio.REF.5">As'adi
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N, Kariman
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N, Mojab
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F, et al.
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The effect of Saqez (Pistacia atlantica) ointment on the treatment of nipple fissure and nipple pain in breastfeeding women.
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Electron Physician
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2017;9:4952-60.
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[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5614278/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5614278</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28979728" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28979728</span></a>]</div></dd></dl></dl></div></div><div id="pistachio.Substance_Identification"><h2 id="_pistachio_Substance_Identification_">Substance Identification</h2><div id="pistachio.Substance_Name"><h3>Substance Name</h3><p>Pistachio</p></div><div id="pistachio.Scientific_Name"><h3>Scientific Name</h3><p>Pistacia vera</p><p>Pistacia atlantica</p></div><div id="pistachio.Drug_Class"><h3>Drug Class</h3><p>Breast Feeding</p><p>Lactation</p><p>Milk, Human</p><p>Complementary Therapies</p><p>Food</p><p>Phytotherapy</p><p>Plants, Medicinal</p></div></div><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_top_margin"><p><b>Disclaimer: </b>Information presented in this database is not meant as a substitute for professional judgment. You should consult your healthcare provider for breastfeeding advice related to your particular situation. The U.S. government does not warrant or assume any liability or responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information on this Site.</p></p></div></dd></dl></dl></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><h2 id="_NBK597795_pubdet_">Publication Details</h2><h3>Publication History</h3><p class="small">Last Revision: <span itemprop="dateModified">August 15, 2024</span>.</p><h3>Copyright</h3><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a><p class="small"><b>Attribution Statement:</b> LactMed is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.</p></div></div><h3>Publisher</h3><p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Institute of Child Health and Human Development</a>, Bethesda (MD)</p><h3>NLM Citation</h3><p>Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 2006-. Pistachio. [Updated 2024 Aug 15].<span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></p></div><div class="small-screen-prev"><a href="/books/n/lactmed/pirtobrutinib/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="small-screen-next"><a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM750/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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