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id="_NBK588206_"><span itemprop="name">Evidence review for admission to hospital</span></h1><div class="subtitle">Self-harm: assessment, management and preventing recurrence</div><p><b>Evidence review H</b></p><p><i>NICE Guideline, No. 225</i></p><div class="half_rhythm">London: <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><span itemprop="publisher">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)</span></a>; <span itemprop="datePublished">2022 Sep</span>.<div class="small">ISBN-13: <span itemprop="isbn">978-1-4731-4702-7</span></div></div><div><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © NICE 2022.</div></div><div class="bkr_clear"></div></div><div id="bcms6503.s1"><h2 id="_bcms6503_s1_">Admission to hospital</h2><div id="bcms6503.s1.1"><h3>Review question</h3><p>What are the benefits and harms associated with admission to acute general hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care?</p><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.1"><h4>Introduction</h4><p>All children and young people who have self-harmed are admitted to hospital overnight and assessed fully the following day in current practice. However, concerns have arisen regarding this blanket admission for children and young people, with specific attention paid to whether admission causes distress and conflicts with therapeutic risk-taking strategies. The aim of this review is to evaluate the benefits and harms of admission to hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care.</p></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.2"><h4>Summary of the protocol</h4><p>See <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figbcms6503tab1" rid-ob="figobbcms6503tab1">Table 1</a> for a summary of the Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) characteristics of this review.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figbcms6503tab1"><a href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 1" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figbcms6503tab1" rid-ob="figobbcms6503tab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab1/?report=previmg" alt="Table 1. Summary of the protocol (PICO table)." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="bcms6503.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobbcms6503tab1">Table 1</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of the protocol (PICO table). </p></div></div><p>For further details see the review protocol in <a href="#bcms6503.appa">appendix A</a>.</p></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.3"><h4>Methods and process</h4><p>A modified version of the GRADE approach to rate the certainty of evidence in systematic reviews was used as part of a pilot project undertaken by NICE. Instead of using predefined clinical decision/ minimal important difference (MID) thresholds to assess imprecision in GRADE tables, imprecision was assessed qualitatively during committee discussions. Other than this modification, GRADE was used to assess the quality of evidence for the selected outcomes and this evidence review developed using the methods and process described in <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/process/pmg20/chapter/introduction" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Developing NICE guidelines: the manual</a>. Methods specific to this review question are described in the review protocol in <a href="#bcms6503.appa">appendix A</a> and the methods document (<a href="/books/NBK588206/bin/NG225_Supplement1_Methods.pdf">supplementary document 1</a>).</p><p>Declarations of interest were recorded according to <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/about/who-we-are/policies-and-procedures" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">NICE’s conflicts of interest policy</a>.</p></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.4"><h4>Effectiveness evidence</h4><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.4.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>One randomised controlled trial (RCT) was included for this review (<a class="bibr" href="#bcms6503.ref1" rid="bcms6503.ref1">Waterhouse 1990</a>). This study was conducted in England and compared admission to hospital with discharge home in patients who presented to the emergency department with self-harm and were assessed as having no immediate medical or psychiatric treatment need.</p><p>The included study is summarised in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figbcms6503tab2" rid-ob="figobbcms6503tab2">Table 2</a>.</p><p>See the literature search strategy in <a href="#bcms6503.appb">appendix B</a> and study selection flow chart in <a href="#bcms6503.appc">appendix C</a>.</p></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.4.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>Studies not included in this review are listed, and reasons for their exclusion are provided, in <a href="#bcms6503.appj">appendix J</a>.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.5"><h4>Summary of included studies</h4><p>A summary of the study that was included in this review is presented in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figbcms6503tab2" rid-ob="figobbcms6503tab2">Table 2</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figbcms6503tab2"><a href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 2" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figbcms6503tab2" rid-ob="figobbcms6503tab2"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab2/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab2/?report=previmg" alt="Table 2. Summary of included studies." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="bcms6503.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobbcms6503tab2">Table 2</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies. </p></div></div><p>See the full evidence tables in <a href="#bcms6503.appd">appendix D</a>.</p></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.6"><h4>Summary of the evidence</h4><p>Only 1 study was included (<a class="bibr" href="#bcms6503.ref1" rid="bcms6503.ref1">Waterhouse 1990</a>), reporting only the outcome of self-harm (self-poisoning) repetition and found no significant difference in this outcome between the admission and discharge groups either at 1 week or at 16 weeks (moderate quality).</p><p>See <a href="#bcms6503.appf">appendix F</a> for full GRADE tables.</p></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.7"><h4>Economic evidence</h4><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.7.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>A single economic search was undertaken for all topics included in the scope of this guideline but no economic studies were identified which were applicable to this review question. See the literature search strategy in <a href="#bcms6503.appb">appendix B</a> and economic study selection flow chart in <a href="#bcms6503.appg">appendix G</a>.</p></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.7.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>Economic studies not included in the guideline economic literature review are listed, and reasons for their exclusion are provided in <a href="#bcms6503.appj">appendix J</a>.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.8"><h4>Economic model</h4><p>No economic modelling was undertaken for this review because the committee agreed that other topics were higher priorities for economic evaluation.</p></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.9"><h4>Evidence statements</h4><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.9.1"><h5>Economic</h5><p>No economic studies were identified which were applicable to this review question.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.10"><h4>The committee's discussion and interpretation of the evidence</h4><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.10.1"><h5>The outcomes that matter most</h5><p>Self-harm repetition, suicide and service user satisfaction were prioritised as critical outcomes by the committee. Self-harm repetition and suicide were prioritised as critical outcomes because they are direct measures of any differential effectiveness associated with the interventions and captures both of fatal and non-fatal self-harm. Service user satisfaction was chosen as a critical outcome due to the importance of delivering services which are centred around the patients’ experiences and because patient satisfaction is likely to influence whether the patient engages with the intervention.</p><p>The committee agreed that family/carer satisfaction, receipt of biopsychosocial assessment, time to receipt of biopsychosocial assessment and perceived stigma/discrimination were important outcomes. Family/carer satisfaction was selected as an important outcome because self-harm often does not just affect the patient, but also their families and carers. Family members and carers are also often involved in the management of people who self-harm. It is therefore important to determine the impact of admission or discharge from the family’s or carers’ perspectives. Receipt of biopsychosocial assessment and time to receipt of biopsychosocial assessment were selected as important outcomes to determine if the decision to admit to hospital or discharge home after presentation at the emergency department affected whether patients were more likely to receive this assessment, and the timeliness of receiving this assessment, respectively. Perceived stigma/ discrimination were considered important outcomes due to the psychological impact this can have on patients who may already be suffering with their mental health.</p></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.10.2"><h5>The quality of the evidence</h5><p>The quality of the evidence was assessed with GRADE and was rated as moderate. The evidence was downgraded due to risk of bias as per Cochrane RoB 2.0 (uncertainty about the randomisation process).</p><p>No evidence was identified for the following outcomes: service user satisfaction; suicide; family/ carer satisfaction; receipt of biopsychosocial assessment; time to receipt of biopsychosocial assessment; perceived stigma/ discrimination.</p></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.10.3"><h5>Imprecision and clinical importance of effects</h5><p>The committee agreed that the evidence presented did not allow them to make strong recommendations on the overall benefit or potential harm of admission to hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care. Overall there was only 1 study on which to base recommendations which found no significant difference in repeat self-harm between the admission and discharge groups, and the committee agreed that there was serious imprecision for the evidence regarding this outcome.</p><p>Given the lack of useful evidence, the committee discussed whether a research recommendation should be made. The committee agreed that new evidence regarding the effectiveness of admission to hospital for people who have self-harmed would likely have an effect on whether admission would be recommended after an episode of self-harm. In particular, the committee agreed that different populations, such as adults and children, might have different reactions to being admitted to hospital and the committee agreed it was important to know whether these populations should have specific recommendations made for them. As a result, the committee prioritised this area for research.</p></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.10.4"><h5>Benefits and harms</h5><p>Because of the lack of any evidence for children, the committee discussed current practice and agreed based on their knowledge and experience that it was no longer appropriate to admit all children and young people to hospital. The committee agreed based on their experience that the potential benefit of providing a safe setting after an episode of self-harm was outweighed by the potential risk that admission could cause significant distress to some people who had self-harmed, including children and young people. The committee also agreed there was a risk that blanket admission could conflict with a therapeutic risk-taking strategy if one was in place, particularly if the strategy involved discharge home with the understanding that doing so would support their personal resilience and growth. They discussed the risks and benefits of admission and agreed based on their expertise that safeguarding concerns and the risk of being discharged to an unsafe or potentially harmful environment should be considered when assessing whether to admit the person to hospital, including when admission was required to facilitate safeguarding planning or where there were concerns about the person’s safety due to distress or intoxication. The committee agreed this applied to children and young people as well as adults. They also agreed that admission to hospital could be considered when it facilitated a psychosocial assessment. An adequate psychosocial assessment may be completed for some individuals including children and young people who have self-harmed at presentation without the need for a full multi-disciplinary assessment and admission to hospital. However, the committee agreed that admission may be necessary if the relevant multidisciplinary agencies required to provide an adequate psychosocial assessment are not available out of hours.</p><p>Admission for individuals who have self-harmed should be to the most appropriate location to ensure optimal continuous assessment and care, which may include admission to a general hospital ward. The committee discussed the risk of 16/ 17 year-olds being admitted to adult wards inappropriately and agreed based on their expertise that when admitting young people of this age group to hospital, they should be admitted to wards where the needs of children could be met, primarily paediatric wards, teenage and young adult units, or a child or adolescent psychiatric inpatient unit where necessary.</p><p>The committee agreed based on their knowledge and experience that physical and mental health care should always be delivered concurrently as much as possible in order to prevent a delay in treatment and ensure the patient’s mental or physical needs are not prioritised at the expense of the other. The committee also agreed that treatment for physical injuries should never be used as a reason to delay or deny a psychosocial assessment, as this would be considered malpractice, potentially resulting in heightened distress or neglect of the person’s other healthcare needs.</p><p>The committee discussed current practice regarding what happens when a person self-harms while in hospital, and agreed that full investigations should continue to be recommended when an incident occurs, in order to consistently improve services and ensure further incidents are prevented. The committee also discussed the Patient Safety Incident Response Framework and agreed that local areas should be aware of the framework where it is being implemented, in order to facilitate its rollout.</p><p>The committee considered the fact that the majority of presentations for self-harm at the emergency department are out-of-hours and agreed that choosing not to admit someone carried a risk that the person who had self-harmed could be discharged without receipt of an adequate psychosocial assessment or a plan for further management. The committee agreed that this could lead to the person not receiving adequate follow-up or treatment as necessary, potentially leading to repeat self-harm or suicide, and reducing the likelihood that the person will engage with healthcare services in the future. The committee therefore agreed based on their knowledge and experience that people who had self-harmed should only be discharged once they had received an adequate psychosocial assessment and had a plan for further management drawn up. The committee agreed that any plans should be communicated to the primary care team to facilitate aftercare and ensure the appropriate staff can continue to provide the appropriate care and support. They also agreed that discharge planning meetings also enable the person to receive ongoing care after discharge, lowering the risk of hopelessness and repeat self-harm, and improving engagement with services post-discharge.</p><p>There is still a lack of research in this area not only for children and adolescents but across all age groups. Clinical practice appears to vary considerably. Working age adults who self-harm are not routinely admitted and it is unlikely to be feasible to do so in the current service context. However given the ongoing uncertainty about whether to admit children, young people and older adults the committee made a research recommendation.</p></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.10.5"><h5>Cost effectiveness and resource use</h5><p>The committee noted that no relevant published economic evaluations had been identified and no additional economic analysis had been undertaken in this area. They highlighted the considerable variation across the NHS in general hospital services. Therefore, they originally suggested this topic as a high priority for bespoke economic modelling. However, as identified clinical evidence was inadequate to support the development of a bespoke economic model, this topic was no further considered an economic priority.</p><p>The committee noted that discharging people who have self-harmed to other care settings is likely to incur lower costs compared with admitting them to general hospitals, either after a psychosocial assessment or not. However, they agreed that in some cases admitting people to a general hospital can be helpful in giving the person time to recover. The committee expressed the opinion that the recommendations they made may reduce variation in practice and reduce the potential for distress because of any unnecessary admissions. The committee expressed the view that recommendations could increase the number of beds available in hospitals and reduce overall costs related to overnight admissions to hospital for people who have self-harmed.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6503.s1.1.11"><h4>Recommendations supported by this evidence review</h4><p>This evidence review supports recommendations 1.9.1–1.9.6 and the research recommendation 3 on routine admission compared to automatic admission effective for young people or older adults who have self-harmed.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6503.rl.r1"><h3>References – included studies</h3><ul class="simple-list"><div id="bcms6503.rl.r1.1"><h4>Effectiveness</h4><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="bcms6503.ref1"><p id="p-66">
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<strong>Waterhouse 1990</strong>
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</p>Waterhouse, J., Platt, S., General hospital admission in the management of parasuicide. A randomised controlled trial, British Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 236–242, 1990 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2180527" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 2180527</span></a>]</div></p></li></ul></div><div id="bcms6503.rl.r1.2"><h4>Economic</h4><ul class="simple-list"><p>No studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria.</p></ul></div></ul></div></div><div id="appendixesappgroup1"><h2 id="_appendixesappgroup1_">Appendices</h2><div id="bcms6503.appa"><h3>Appendix A. Review protocols</h3><p id="bcms6503.appa.et1"><a href="/books/NBK588206/bin/bcms6503-appa-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Review protocol for review question: What are the benefits and harms associated with admission to acute general hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 176K)</span></p></div><div id="bcms6503.appb"><h3>Appendix B. Literature search strategies</h3><p id="bcms6503.appb.et1"><a href="/books/NBK588206/bin/bcms6503-appb-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Literature search strategies for review question: What are the benefits and harms associated with admission to acute general hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 695K)</span></p></div><div id="bcms6503.appc"><h3>Appendix C. Clinical evidence study selection</h3><p id="bcms6503.appc.et1"><a href="/books/NBK588206/bin/bcms6503-appc-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Study selection for review question: What are the benefits and harms associated with admission to acute general hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 14K)</span></p></div><div id="bcms6503.appd"><h3>Appendix D. Evidence tables</h3><p id="bcms6503.appd.et1"><a href="/books/NBK588206/bin/bcms6503-appd-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Evidence tables for review question: What are the benefits and harms associated with admission to acute general hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 201K)</span></p></div><div id="bcms6503.appe"><h3>Appendix E. Forest plots</h3><div id="bcms6503.appe.s1"><h4>Forest plots for review question: What are the benefits and harms associated with admission to acute general hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care?</h4><p>No meta-analysis was conducted for this review question and so there are no forest plots.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6503.appf"><h3>Appendix F. Modified GRADE tables</h3><p id="bcms6503.appf.et1"><a href="/books/NBK588206/bin/bcms6503-appf-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Modified GRADE tables for review question: What are the benefits and harms associated with admission to acute general hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 26K)</span></p></div><div id="bcms6503.appg"><h3>Appendix G. Economic evidence study selection</h3><p id="bcms6503.appg.et1"><a href="/books/NBK588206/bin/bcms6503-appg-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Study selection for review question: What are the benefits and harms associated with admission to acute general hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 20K)</span></p></div><div id="bcms6503.apph"><h3>Appendix H. Economic evidence tables</h3><div id="bcms6503.apph.s1"><h4>Economic evidence tables for review question: What are the benefits and harms associated with admission to acute general hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care?</h4><p>No evidence was identified which was applicable to this review question.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6503.appi"><h3>Appendix I. Economic model</h3><div id="bcms6503.appi.s1"><h4>Economic model for review question: What are the benefits and harms associated with admission to acute general hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care?</h4><p>No economic analysis was conducted for this review question.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6503.appj"><h3>Appendix J. Excluded studies</h3><div id="bcms6503.appj.s1"><h4>Excluded studies for review question: What are the benefits and harms associated with admission to acute general hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care?</h4><div id="bcms6503.appj.s1.1"><h5>Excluded effectiveness studies</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figbcms6503appjtab1"><a href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.appj.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 6" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figbcms6503appjtab1" rid-ob="figobbcms6503appjtab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.appj.tab1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.appj.tab1/?report=previmg" alt="Table 6. Excluded studies and reasons for their exclusion." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="bcms6503.appj.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.appj.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobbcms6503appjtab1">Table 6</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Excluded studies and reasons for their exclusion. </p></div></div></div><div id="bcms6503.appj.s1.2"><h5>Excluded economic studies</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figbcms6503appjtab2"><a href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.appj.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 7" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figbcms6503appjtab2" rid-ob="figobbcms6503appjtab2"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.appj.tab2/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.appj.tab2/?report=previmg" alt="Table 7. Excluded studies from the guideline economic review." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="bcms6503.appj.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.appj.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobbcms6503appjtab2">Table 7</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Excluded studies from the guideline economic review. </p></div></div></div></div></div><div id="bcms6503.appk"><h3>Appendix K. Research recommendations</h3><p id="bcms6503.appk.et1"><a href="/books/NBK588206/bin/bcms6503-appk-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Research recommendations for review question: What are the benefits and harms associated with admission to acute general hospital for people who have self-harmed but no longer require physical care?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 242K)</span></p></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><div><p>Final version</p></div><div><p>Evidence review underpinning recommendations 1.9.1 to 1.9.6 and research recommendation 3 in the NICE guideline</p></div><div><p><b>Disclaimer</b>: The recommendations in this guideline represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or service users. The recommendations in this guideline are not mandatory and the guideline does not override the responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or their carer or guardian.</p><p>Local commissioners and/or providers have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual health professionals and their patients or service users wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with compliance with those duties.</p><p>NICE guidelines cover health and care in England. Decisions on how they apply in other UK countries are made by ministers in the <a href="http://wales.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Welsh Government</a>, <a href="http://www.scotland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Scottish Government</a>, and <a href="http://www.northernireland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Northern Ireland Executive</a>. All NICE guidance is subject to regular review and may be updated or withdrawn.</p></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © NICE 2022.</div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK588206</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36595609" title="PubMed record of this title" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">36595609</a></span></div></div><div class="small-screen-prev"></div><div class="small-screen-next"></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobbcms6503tab1"><div id="bcms6503.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 1</span><span class="title">Summary of the protocol (PICO table)</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__bcms6503.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><th id="hd_b_bcms6503.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population</th><td headers="hd_b_bcms6503.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">
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<p>Inclusion:</p>
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<p>All people who have self-harmed and have presented to the emergency department, but no longer require physical care, including those with a mental health problem, neurodevelopmental disorder or a learning disability</p>
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<p>Exclusion:<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>People who have self-harmed who require physical care</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>People displaying repetitive stereotypical self-injurious behaviour, for example head-banging in people with a significant learning disability</div></li></ul></p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_bcms6503.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention</th><td headers="hd_b_bcms6503.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Admission to acute general hospital</p>
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<p>Exclusion:</p>
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<p>Admission to psychiatric hospital</p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_bcms6503.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><td headers="hd_b_bcms6503.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Discharge to normal place of residence</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Discharge to alternative community or inpatient care</div></li></ul>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_bcms6503.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcome</th><td headers="hd_b_bcms6503.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>
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<b>Critical</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Self-harm repetition (for example, self-poisoning or self-cutting)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Service user satisfaction</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Suicide</div></li></ul>
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</p>
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<p>
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<b>Important</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Family/carer satisfaction</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Receipt of biopsychosocial assessment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Time to receipt of biopsychosocial assessment</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Perceived stigma/discrimination</div></li></ul>
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</p>
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</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobbcms6503tab2"><div id="bcms6503.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 2</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies.</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__bcms6503.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_bcms6503.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_bcms6503.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population</th><th id="hd_h_bcms6503.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention</th><th id="hd_h_bcms6503.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><th id="hd_h_bcms6503.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>
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<b>
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<a class="bibr" href="#bcms6503.ref1" rid="bcms6503.ref1">Waterhouse 1990</a>
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</b>
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</p>
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<p>RCT</p>
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<p>England</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">N=77 patients aged ≥16 years who had deliberately ingested a substance in excess of any prescribed or generally recognised therapeutic dose and did not require physical or psychiatric care.</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Admission: Patients received an initial assessment in the ED then were admitted to the district general hospital but did not receive any further treatment, referral, or counselling. Patients were advised to contact their GP as soon as possible if they required further support.</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Discharge: Patients received an initial assessment in the ED, then immediately discharged to their place of residence and advised to contact their GP as soon as possible if they required further support.</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>
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<b>Critical:</b>
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</p>
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<p>Self-harm repetition</p>
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<p>
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<b>Important:</b>
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</p>
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<p>None</p>
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</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">ED: emergency department; GP: general practitioner; RCT: randomised controlled trial</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobbcms6503appjtab1"><div id="bcms6503.appj.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 6</span><span class="title">Excluded studies and reasons for their exclusion</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.appj.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__bcms6503.appj.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Reason for Exclusion</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Abba, K., Church, E., Webster, J., What happens to patients who attend A and E with deliberate self-harm? - Tracking the follow-up they receive, Journal of Clinical Governance, 7, 68–73, 1999
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Full-text paper never provided</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Barr, W., Leitner, M., Thomas, J., Self-harm patients who take early discharge from the accident and emergency department: how do they differ from those who stay?, Accident & Emergency NursingAccid Emerg Nurs, 12, 108–13, 2004 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15041012" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15041012</span></a>]
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison/ analyses not in PICO: Patients who chose to remain in the hospital versus those who chose to leave prior to completion of their assessment and/or treatment (early discharge)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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|
Bennett, K., Rhodes, A. E., Duda, S., Cheung, A. H., Manassis, K., Links, P., Mushquash, C., Braunberger, P., Newton, A. S., Kutcher, S., Bridge, J. A., Santos, R. G., Manion, I. G., McLennan, J. D., Bagnell, A., Lipman, E., Rice, M., Szatmari, P., A youth suicide prevention plan for Canada: A systematic review of reviews, Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 60, 245–257, 2015 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4501582/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4501582</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26175322" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26175322</span></a>]
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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|
Bennewith, O., Peters, T. J., Hawton, K., House, A., Gunnell, D., Factors associated with the non-assessment of self-harm patients attending an Accident and Emergency Department: results of a national study, Journal of affective disorders, 89, 91–7, 2005 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16226810" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16226810</span></a>]
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Analyses not in PICO. Unclear why patients who were admitted were admitted (that is, whether they still required physical care)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Blake, D. R., Mitchell, J. R., Self-poisoning: management of patients in Nottingham, 1976, British Medical Journal, 1, 1032–5, 1978 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1603979/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC1603979</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/638588" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 638588</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Analyses/ comparison not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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|
Boschulte, J. C., Shannon, M. W., An innovative audit of overdose management in a general hospital, Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 32, 61–62, 1981 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6893976" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 6893976</span></a>]
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Narrative review/ non-randomised study, N=100</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Boyce, P., Australian and New Zealand clinical practice guidelines for the management of adult deliberate self-harm, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 38, 868–884, 2004 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15555020" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15555020</span></a>]
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Guideline/narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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Cantor, C., Compulsory admission and suicide [1], Psychiatric Bulletin, 23, 303, 1999
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Letter, no original data</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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|
Carroll, R., Corcoran, P., Griffin, E., Perry, I., Arensman, E., Gunnell, D., Metcalfe, C., Variation between hospitals in inpatient admission practices for self-harm patients and its impact on repeat presentation, Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 51, 1485–1493, 2016 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5101268/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5101268</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27300340" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27300340</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mixed population: All patients admitted or not admitted to a medical or psychiatric bed. Not further subdivided into patients who did not still require physical care</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Carroll, R., Metcalfe, C., Gunnell, D., Hospital management of self-harm patients and risk of repetition: Systematic review and meta-analysis, Journal of Affective Disorders, 168, 476–483, 2014 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25128754" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25128754</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance (systematic review itself performed between-study comparisons, not meta-analyses of within-study comparisons)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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|
Chang, B. P., Pany, M. J., Obermeyer, Z., Early death after emergency department discharge in patients with psychiatric illness, American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 35, 784–786, 2017 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5435542/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5435542</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27884584" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27884584</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-randomised study, N=184</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Choi, J. W., Park, S., Yi, K. K., Hong, J. P., Suicide mortality of suicide attempt patients discharged from emergency room, nonsuicidal psychiatric patients discharged from emergency room, admitted suicide attempt patients, and admitted nonsuicidal psychiatric patients, Suicide & life-threatening behavior, 42, 235–243, 2012 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22380459" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22380459</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison/ analyses not in PICO: Discharge versus psychiatric admission</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Cooper, Jayne, Steeg, Sarah, Gunnell, David, Webb, Roger, Hawton, Keith, Bennewith, Olive, House, Allan, Kapur, Navneet, Bennewith, Carroll
|
|
Cooper
|
|
Gunnell
|
|
Hawton
|
|
Hunter
|
|
Kapur
|
|
Kapur
|
|
Sedgwick
|
|
Taylor, Variations in the hospital management of self-harm and patient outcome: A multi-site observational study in England, Journal of Affective Disorders, 174, 101–105, 2015 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25496757" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25496757</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mixed population (patients admitted to a medical bed not further specified), results not reported separately for target population (those admitted to medical bed who did not need physical care)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Downes, M. A., Balshaw, J. K., Muscat, T. M., Ritchie, N., Isbister, G. K., Impact of an emergency short stay unit on emergency department performance of poisoned patients, American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 35, 764–768, 2017 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28139312" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28139312</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population not in PICO: Patients not medically cleared for discharge/ patients still requiring physical care</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Gardner, R., Hanka, R., Roberts, S. J., Allon-Smith, J. M., Kings, A. A., Nicholson, R., Psychological and social evaluation in cases of deliberate self-poisoning seen in an accident department, British Medical Journal Clinical Research Ed., 284, 491–3, 1982 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1496033/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC1496033</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6800509" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 6800509</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-randomised study, n<100 in at least one of the groups; admitted population also not very well-defined, appears to also include people who are not medically cleared for discharge</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Garlow, S. J., D’Orio, B., Purselle, D. C., The relationship of restrictions on state hospitalization and suicides among emergency psychiatric patients, Psychiatric Services, 53, 1297–1300, 2002 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12364678" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12364678</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mixed population, results not presented separately for the target population/ comparison</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Inagaki, M., Kawashima, Y., Kawanishi, C., Yonemoto, N., Sugimoto, T., Furuno, T., Ikeshita, K., Eto, N., Tachikawa, H., Shiraishi, Y., Yamada, M., Interventions to prevent repeat suicidal behavior in patients admitted to an emergency department for a suicide attempt: A meta-analysis, Journal of Affective Disorders, 175, 66–78, 2015 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25594513" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25594513</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Inagaki, Masatoshi, Kawashima, Yoshitaka, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yamada, Mitsuhiko, Allard, Arias
|
|
Bannan Battaglia Beautrais Beck Bertolote Boudreaux Brown Carter Cedereke Christensen Crawford D’Onofrio Davidson DerSimonian Fleischmann Ghahramanlou-Holloway Gibbons Guthrie Hassanian-Moghaddam Hatcher Hawton Inagaki Isometsa Kapur Kawanishi Liberati Liberman McLeavey Meerwijk Milner Morthorst Mousavi Ougrin Posner Raj Ting Torhorst Vaiva van der Sande Van Heeringen Waterhouse Wei, Active contact and follow-up interventions to prevent repeat suicide attempts during high-risk periods among patients admitted to emergency departments for suicidal behavior: A systematic review and meta-analysis, BMC Psychiatry, 19, 2019 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6347824/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6347824</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30683075" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30683075</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance; review examined multiple different types of intervention after admission to an ED</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Kapur, N., Steeg, S., Turnbull, P., Webb, R., Bergen, H., Hawton, K., Geulayov, G., Townsend, E., Ness, J., Waters, K., Cooper, J., Hospital management of suicidal behaviour and subsequent mortality: A prospective cohort study, The Lancet Psychiatry, 2, 809–816, 2015 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26254717" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26254717</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mixed population (patients admitted to a medical bed not further specified), results not reported separately for target population (those admitted to medical bed who did not need physical care)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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|
Kennedy, P., Efficacy of a regional poisoning treatment centre in preventing further suicidal behaviour, British Medical Journal, 4, 255–7, 1972 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1788785/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC1788785</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5083883" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 5083883</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-randomised study, n<100 in at least one of the groups</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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|
Kudo, K., Otsuka, K., Endo, J., Yoshida, T., Isono, H., Yambe, T., Nakamura, H., Kawamura, S., Koeda, A., Yagi, J., Kemuyama, N., Harada, H., Chida, F., Endo, S., Sakai, A., Study of the outcome of suicide attempts: Characteristics of hospitalization in a psychiatric ward group, critical care center group, and non-hospitalized group, BMC Psychiatry, 10 (no pagination), 2010 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2821663/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2821663</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20064269" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20064269</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mixed population, results not reported separately for target population; unclear intervention (in terms of admission to hospital). Does not report on outcomes of interest, focused on characteristics of patients admitted/ not admitted</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Lepping, P., Woodworth, B., Roberts, L., Turner, J., Increasing psychosocial assessment by introducing a self-harm pathway, Psychiatric Bulletin, 30, 169–172, 2006
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison/ analyses not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Links, P. S., Hoffman, B., Preventing suicidal behaviour in a general hospital psychiatric service: priorities for programming, Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, Revue canadienne de psychiatrie. 50, 490–496, 2005 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16127967" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16127967</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Litt, Iris F., Cuskey, Walter R., Rudd, Shirley, Emergency room evaluation of the adolescent who attempts suicide: Compliance with follow-up, Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 4, 106–108, 1983 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6863105" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 6863105</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-randomised study, N=27</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
MacLay, T., A suicide prevention protocol for critical care, Nursing Critical Care, 7, 17–21, 2012
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Marks, I. M., Connolly, J., Muijen, M., Audini, B., McNamee, G., Lawrence, R. E., Home-based versus hospital-based care for people with serious mental illness, British Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 179–194, 1994 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7953031" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7953031</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison not in PICO: Home-based interventions (case management, 24-hour access to care, treatment at the site of breakdown) versus in-patient care</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Mazza, M., Capitani, S., Barbarino, E., De Risio, S., Bria, P., A treatment protocol for suicidal patients in a day hospital setting: preliminary results, Psychiatry Research, 143, 307–10, 2006 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16820215" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16820215</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-randomised study, N=70</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Newton, A. S., Hamm, M. P., Bethell, J., Rhodes, A. E., Bryan, C. J., Tjosvold, L., Ali, S., Logue, E., Manion, I. G., Pediatric suicide-related presentations: A systematic review of mental health care in the emergency department, Annals of Emergency Medicine, 56, 649–659.e2, 2010 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3012108/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3012108</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20381916" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20381916</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Newton, A. S., Hartling, L., Soleimani, A., Kirkland, S., Dyson, M. P., Cappelli, M., A systematic review of management strategies for children’s mental health care in the emergency department: Update on evidence and recommendations for clinical practice and research, Emergency Medicine Journal, 34, 376–384, 2017 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28119350" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28119350</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Owens, D. W., Jones, S. J., The Accident and Emergency department management of deliberate self-poisoning, British Journal of Psychiatry, 152, 830–833, 1988 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3167470" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 3167470</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mixed admitted population; results not presented separately for target population/ comparison</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Owens, D., Dennis, M., Jones, S., Dove, A., Dave, S., Self-poisoning patients discharged from accident and emergency: risk factors and outcome, Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London, 25, 218–222, 1991 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5377130/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5377130</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1920209" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 1920209</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mixed admitted population; results not presented separately for target population/ comparison</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Reith, D. M., Whyte, I., Carter, G., McPherson, M., Carter, N., Risk factors for suicide and other deaths following hospital treated self-poisoning in Australia, Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 38, 520–5, 2004 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15255824" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15255824</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Analyses not in PICO; unclear population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Robst, J., Suicide Attempts After Emergency Room Visits: The Effect of Patient Safety Goals, Psychiatric Quarterly, 86, 497–504, 2015 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25631155" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25631155</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Rosenbaum Asarnow, Joan, Berk, Michele, Zhang, Lily, Wang, Peter, Tang, Lingqi, Achenbach, Asarnow
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|
Asarnow Asarnow Asarnow Asarnow Batten Berk Brent Brent Brent Clarke Cleves Cox Czyz Daniel Finkelstein Glynn Goldstein Goldston Greenfield Gunlicks Hawton Hawton Horwitz Hughes Huth-Bocks Joiner Kerr King King Mars Nock Nock Olfson Ougrin Prins Prinstein Radloff Reinherz Robin Shaffer Sherbourne Spirito Stanley Van Orden Wilkinson Wong Yen, Emergency department youth patients with suicidal ideation or attempts: Predicting suicide attempts through 18 months of follow-up, Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 47, 551–566, 2017 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27813143" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27813143</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RCT-part of the study: Interventions/ comparisons not in PICO; non-randomised analyses: n<100 in at least one of the intervention groups</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Rost, K., Hsieh, Y. P., Xu, S., Harman, J., Gender differences in hospitalization after emergency room visits for depressive symptoms, Journal of Women’s Health, 20, 719–724, 2011 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21417934" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21417934</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison/ analyses not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Ryan, J., Clemmett, S., Perez-Avila, C., Managing patients with deliberate self harm admitted to an accident and emergency observation ward, Journal of Accident and Emergency Medicine, 13, 31–33, 1996 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1342604/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC1342604</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8821223" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8821223</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-comparative study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Salisbury, N., Improving emergency care for people who self harm, BMJ (Online), 353 (no pagination), 2016 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27143561" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27143561</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Letter, no original data</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Sanchez-Teruel, D., Muela-Martinez, J. A., Gonzalez-Cabrera, M., Herrera, M. F. Y., Garcia-Leon, A., Variables related to suicide attempt in a Spanish province over a three-year period (2009–2011), Ciencia & Saude Coletiva, 23, 277–286, 2018 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29267831" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29267831</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Analyses/ comparison not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Sanderson, M., Bulloch, A. G., Wang, J., Williams, K. G., Williamson, T., Patten, S. B., Predicting death by suicide following an emergency department visit for parasuicide with administrative health care system data and machine learning, EClinicalMedicine, (no pagination), 2020 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7152812/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC7152812</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32300738" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32300738</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Analyses not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Schmutte, T., Olfson, M., Xie, M., Marcus, S. C., Deliberate self-harm in older adults: A national analysis of US emergency department visits and follow-up care, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 34, 1058–1069, 2019 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6579649/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6579649</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30933388" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30933388</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison/ analyses not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Schmutte, T., Olfson, M., Xie, M., Marcus, S. C., Self-Harm, Suicidal Ideation, and Attempted Suicide in Older Adults: A National Study of Emergency Department Visits and Follow-Up Care, American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry., 2020 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7246137/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC7246137</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31917069" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31917069</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison/ analyses not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Schnyder, U., Valach, L., Suicide attempters in a psychiatric emergency room population, General Hospital Psychiatry, 19, 119–129, 1997 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9097066" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9097066</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison/ analyses not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Sheridan, Edward P., Teplin, Linda A., Recidivism in difficult patients: Differences between community mental health center and state hospital admissions, The American journal of psychiatry, 138, 688–690, 1981 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7235072" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7235072</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Analyses/ comparison/ population not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Shin, H., Kim, H. J., Kim, S., Choi, S., Oh, H., Lee, B., Should let them go? Study on the emergency department discharge of patients who attempted suicide, Psychiatry Investigation, 15, 638–648, 2018 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6018145/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6018145</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29940718" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29940718</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Analyses/ comparison not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Soomro, G. M., Kakhi, S., Deliberate self-harm (and attempted suicide), Clinical Evidence, 28, 28, 2015 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4451502/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4451502</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26032238" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26032238</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Spirito, A., Riggs, S., Lewander, W., Bond, A., Fritz, G., Simon, P., Surveillance of adolescent suicide attempters in the Rhode Island Hospital Pediatric Emergency Department, Rhode Island medical journal, 72, 401–405, 1989 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2587910" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 2587910</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Full-text paper never received</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Spittal, M. J., Pirkis, J., Miller, M., Carter, G., Studdert, D. M., The Repeated Episodes of Self-Harm (RESH) score: A tool for predicting risk of future episodes of self-harm by hospital patients, Journal of Affective Disorders, 161, 36–42, 2014 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24751305" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24751305</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Analyses/ comparison not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Steeg, S., Emsley, R., Carr, M., Cooper, J., Kapur, N., Routine hospital management of self-harm and risk of further self-harm: propensity score analysis using record-based cohort data, Psychological medicine, 48, 315–326, 2018 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28637535" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28637535</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mixed population (patients admitted to medical bed not divided into those with medical need and those without), results not reported separately for target population; comparison/ analyses not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Stewart, S. E., Manion, I. G., Davidson, S., Cloutier, P., Suicidal children and adolescents with first emergency room presentations: Predictors of six-month outcome, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 580–587, 2001 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11349703" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11349703</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-randomised study, n<100 in at least one of the groups</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Syer, Diane, Emergency ward treatment of suicidal patients, Ontario Psychologist, 7, 33–37, 1975
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Full-text paper never received</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Sztajnkrycer, M. D., Mell, H. K., Melin, G. J., Development and implementation of an emergency department observation unit protocol for deliberate drug ingestion in adults - Preliminary results, Clinical Toxicology, 45, 499–504, 2007 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17503255" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17503255</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-comparative study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Vayalirakkathu, A., Ng, B., The short stay unit: A potential solution in crisis intervention, Australasian Psychiatry, 18, 69–70, 2010 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20136542" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20136542</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-comparative study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Wallis, M., Akhtar, F., Azam, M., Emergency admissions of children and young people with mental health needs to the paediatric ward, Irish Medical Journal, 111, 795, 2018 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30520288" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30520288</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-randomised study, N=111</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Wang, M., Swaraj, S., Chung, D., Stanton, C., Kapur, N., Large, M., Meta-analysis of suicide rates among people discharged from non-psychiatric settings after presentation with suicidal thoughts or behaviours, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 139, 472–483, 2019 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30864183" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30864183</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Systematic review on non-comparative question (suicide rate after discharge from non-psychiatric facilities) with analyses examining between-study heterogeneity (that is, no within-study analyses examining the target comparison)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Weisman, G., Feirstein, A., Thomas, C., Three-day hospitalization--a model for intensive intervention, Archives of General Psychiatry, 21, 620–9, 1969 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5823484" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 5823484</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Full-text paper never received</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Westling, S., Daukantaite, D., Liljedahl, S. I., Oh, Y., Westrin, A., Flyckt, L., Helleman, M., Effect of Brief Admission to Hospital by Self-referral for Individuals Who Self-harm and Are at Risk of Suicide: A Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA Network Open, 2, e195463, 2019 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6563573/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6563573</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31173128" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31173128</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison not in PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Wilfond, B. S., Zabrowski, J., Johnson, L. M., A Pragmatic Trial of Suicide Risk Assessment and Ambulance Transport Decision Making Among Emergency Medical Services Providers: Implications for Patient Consent, The American journal of bioethics : AJOB, 19, 97–98, 2019 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31557089" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31557089</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Letter about a study yet to be conducted</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Wood, R., Wand, A. P. F., The effectiveness of consultation-liaison psychiatry in the general hospital setting: A systematic review, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 76, 175–192, 2014 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24529036" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24529036</span></a>]
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison not in PICO (included studies also checked for relevance)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Woodside, M., Attempted suicides arriving at a general hospital, British Medical Journal, 2, 411–4, 1958 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2026024/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2026024</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13560884" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 13560884</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-randomised study, n<100 in at least one of the groups</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Wullemier, F., Kremer, P., Bover, J., Comparative study of two intervention modes on suicide attempters hospitalized in a general hospital, Proc 9th IASP congress helsinki
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1977, 1978
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Conference abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Wulliemier, F., Bovet, J., Meylan, D., The future of suicidal patients admitted to a general hospital. Comparative study of two methods of preventing recurrence and suicides. (Title translated), Sozial- und Praventivmedizin, 24, 73–88, 1979 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/425718" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 425718</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Article in French</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Wylie, K., House, A., Storer, D., Raistrick, D., Henderson, M., Deliberate self-harm and substance dependence: The management of patients seen in the general hospital, Journal of Mental Health Administration, 23, 246–252, 1996 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10172623" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10172623</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Analyses/ comparison not in PICO</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobbcms6503appjtab2"><div id="bcms6503.appj.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 7</span><span class="title">Excluded studies from the guideline economic review</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK588206/table/bcms6503.appj.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__bcms6503.appj.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Reason for Exclusion</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Adrian, M., Lyon, A. R., Nicodimos, S., Pullmann, M. D., McCauley, E., Enhanced “Train and Hope” for Scalable, Cost-Effective Professional Development in Youth Suicide Prevention, Crisis, 39, 235–246, 2018 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29183240" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29183240</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to any of the review questions in the guideline - this study examined the impact of an educational training ongoing intervention, and the effect of the post-training reminder system, on mental health practitioners’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour surrounding suicide assessment and intervention. As well, this study was not a full health economic evaluation</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Borschmann
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R, Barrett
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B, Hellier
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JM, et al
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Joint crisis plans for people with borderline personality disorder: feasibility and outcomes in a randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry. 2013;202(5):357–364. [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23637110" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23637110</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to any of the review questions in the guideline - this study examined the feasibility of recruiting and retaining adults with borderline personality disorder to a pilot randomised controlled trial investigating the potential efficacy and cost-effectiveness of using a joint crisis plan</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Bustamante Madsen, L., Eddleston, M., Schultz Hansen, K., Konradsen, F., Quality Assessment of Economic Evaluations of Suicide and Self-Harm Interventions, Crisis, 39, 82–95, 2018 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28914094" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28914094</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design - this review of health economics studies has been excluded for this guideline, but its references have been hand-searched for any relevant health economic study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Byford, S., Barrett, B., Aglan, A., Harrington, V., Burroughs, H., Kerfoot, M., Harrington, R. C., Lifetime and current costs of supporting young adults who deliberately poisoned themselves in childhood and adolescence, Journal of Mental Health, 18, 297–306, 2009
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Byford, S., Leese, M., Knapp, M., Seivewright, H., Cameron, S., Jones, V., Davidson, K., Tyrer, P., Comparison of alternative methods of collection of service use data for the economic evaluation health care interventions, Health Economics, 16, 531–536, 2007 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17001749" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17001749</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Byford, Sarah, Barber, Julie A., Harrington, Richard, Barber, Baruch
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Beautrais Blough Brent Brodie Byford Carlson Chernoff Collett Fergusson Garland Goldberg Harman Harrington Hawton Huber Kazdin Kazdin Kerfoot Kerfoot Kerfoot Knapp Lindsey McCullagh Miller Netten Reynolds Sadowski Shaffer Simms Wu, Factors that influence the cost of deliberate self-poisoning in children and adolescents, Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics, 4, 113–121, 2001 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11967471" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11967471</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Denchev, P., Pearson, J. L., Allen, M. H., Claassen, C. A., Currier, G. W., Zatzick, D. F., Schoenbaum, M., Modeling the cost-effectiveness of interventions to reduce suicide risk among hospital emergency department patients, Psychiatric Services, 69, 23–31, 2018 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5750130/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5750130</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28945181" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28945181</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to any of the review questions in the guideline - this study estimated the cost-effectiveness of outpatient interventions (Postcards, Telephone outreach, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy) to reduce suicide risk among patients presenting to general hospital emergency departments</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Dunlap, L. J., Orme, S., Zarkin, G. A., Arias, S. A., Miller, I. W., Camargo, C. A., Sullivan, A. F., Allen, M. H., Goldstein, A. B., Manton, A. P., Clark, R., Boudreaux, E. D., Screening and Intervention for Suicide Prevention: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the ED-SAFE Interventions, Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.), appips201800445, 2019 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31451063" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31451063</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to any of the review questions in the guideline - this study estimated the cost-effectiveness of suicide screening followed by an intervention to identify suicidal individuals and prevent recurring self-harm</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Fernando, S. M., Reardon, P. M., Ball, I. M., van Katwyk, S., Thavorn, K., Tanuseputro, P., Rosenberg, E., Kyeremanteng, K., Outcomes and Costs of Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit Due to Accidental or Intentional Poisoning, Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, 35, 386–393, 2020 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29357777" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29357777</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Flood, C., Bowers, L., Parkin, D., Estimating the costs of conflict and containment on adult acute inpatient psychiatric wards, Nursing economic$, 26, 325–330, 324, 2008 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18979699" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18979699</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Fortune, Z., Barrett, B., Armstrong, D., Coid, J., Crawford, M., Mudd, D., Rose, D., Slade, M., Spence, R., Tyrer, P., Moran, P., Clinical and economic outcomes from the UK pilot psychiatric services for personality-disordered offenders, International Review of Psychiatry, 23, 61–9, 2011 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21338300" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21338300</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to any of the review questions in the guideline</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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George, S., Javed, M., Hemington-Gorse, S., Wilson-Jones, N., Epidemiology and financial implications of self-inflicted burns, Burns, 42, 196–201, 2016 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26670160" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26670160</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Gunnell, D., Shepherd, M., Evans, M., Are recent increases in deliberate self-harm associated with changes in socio-economic conditions? An ecological analysis of patterns of deliberate self-harm in Bristol 1972–3 and 1995–6, Psychological medicine, 30, 1197–1203, 2000 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12027054" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12027054</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design - cost-of-illness study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Kapur, N., House, A., Dodgson, K., Chris, M., Marshall, S., Tomenson, B., Creed, F., Management and costs of deliberate self-poisoning in the general hospital: A multi-centre study, Journal of Mental Health, 11, 223–230, 2002
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Kapur, N., House, A., May, C., Creed, F., Service provision and outcome for deliberate self-poisoning in adults - Results from a six centre descriptive study, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 38, 390–395, 2003 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12861446" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12861446</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Kinchin, I., Russell, A. M. T., Byrnes, J., McCalman, J., Doran, C. M., Hunter, E., The cost of hospitalisation for youth self-harm: differences across age groups, sex, Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 55, 425–434, 2020 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31732765" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31732765</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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O’Leary, F. M., Lo, M. C. I., Schreuder, F. B., “Cuts are costly”: A review of deliberate self-harm admissions to a district general hospital plastic surgery department over a 12-month period, Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, 67, e109–e110, 2014 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24183058" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24183058</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Olfson, M., Gameroff, M. J., Marcus, S. C., Greenberg, T., Shaffer, D., National trends in hospitalization of youth with intentional self-inflicted injuries, American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 1328–1335, 2005 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15994716" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15994716</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Ostertag, L., Golay, P., Dorogi, Y., Brovelli, S., Cromec, I., Edan, A., Barbe, R., Saillant, S., Michaud, L., Self-harm in French-speaking Switzerland: A socio-economic analysis (7316), Swiss Archives of Neurology, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 70 (Supplement 8), 48S, 2019
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Conference abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Ougrin, D., Corrigall, R., Poole, J., Zundel, T., Sarhane, M., Slater, V., Stahl, D., Reavey, P., Byford, S., Heslin, M., Ivens, J., Crommelin, M., Abdulla, Z., Hayes, D., Middleton, K., Nnadi, B., Taylor, E., Comparison of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an intensive community supported discharge service versus treatment as usual for adolescents with psychiatric emergencies: a randomised controlled trial, The Lancet Psychiatry, 5, 477–485, 2018 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5994473/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5994473</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29731412" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29731412</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not self-harm. In addition, the interventions evaluated in this economic analysis (a supported discharge service provided by an intensive community treatment team compared to usual care) were not relevant to any review questions</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Palmer, S., Davidson, K., Tyrer, P., Gumley, A., Tata, P., Norrie, J., Murray, H., Seivewright, H., The cost-effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder: results from the BOSCOT trial, Journal of Personality Disorders, 20, 466–481, 2006 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1852260/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC1852260</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17032159" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17032159</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not self-harm</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Quinlivan
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L, Steeg
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S, Elvidge
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J, et al
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Risk assessment scales to predict risk of hospital treated repeat self-harm: A cost-effectiveness modelling analysis. J Affect Disord. 2019;249:208–215. [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30772749" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30772749</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to any of the review questions in the guideline - this study estimated the cost-effectiveness of of risk assessment scales versus clinical assessment for adults attending an emergency department following self-harm</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Richardson
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JS, Mark
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TL, McKeon
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R. The return on investment of postdischarge follow-up calls for suicidal ideation or deliberate self-harm. Psychiatr Serv. 2014;65(8):1012–1019. [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24788454" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24788454</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not enough data reporting on cost-effectiveness findings</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Smits, M. L., Feenstra, D. J., Eeren, H. V., Bales, D. L., Laurenssen, E. M. P., Blankers, M., Soons, M. B. J., Dekker, J. J. M., Lucas, Z., Verheul, R., Luyten, P., Day hospital versus intensive out-patient mentalisation-based treatment for borderline personality disorder: Multicentre randomised clinical trial, British Journal of Psychiatry, 216, 79–84, 2020 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30791963" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30791963</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not self-harm</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Tsiachristas, A., Geulayov, G., Casey, D., Ness, J., Waters, K., Clements, C., Kapur, N., McDaid, D., Brand, F., Hawton, K., Incidence and general hospital costs of self-harm across England: estimates based on the multicentre study of self-harm, Epidemiology & Psychiatric Science, 29, e108, 2020 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7214546/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC7214546</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160934" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32160934</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Tsiachristas, A., McDaid, D., Casey, D., Brand, F., Leal, J., Park, A. L., Geulayov, G., Hawton, K., General hospital costs in England of medical and psychiatric care for patients who self-harm: a retrospective analysis, The Lancet Psychiatry, 4, 759–767, 2017 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5614771/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5614771</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28890321" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28890321</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Tubeuf, S., Saloniki, E. C., Cottrell, D., Parental Health Spillover in Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: Evidence from Self-Harming Adolescents in England, PharmacoEconomics, 37, 513–530, 2019 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30294758" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30294758</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">This study is not a separate study from one already included in the guideline for topic 5.2 (Cottrel 2018). This secondary analysis presents alternative parental health spillover quantification methods in the context of a randomised controlled trial comparing family therapy with treatment as usual as an intervention for self-harming adolescents of (Cottrel 2018), and discusses the practical limitations of those methods</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Tyrer, P., Thompson, S., Schmidt, U., Jones, V., Knapp, M., Davidson, K., Catalan, J., Airlie, J., Baxter, S., Byford, S., Byrne, G., Cameron, S., Caplan, R., Cooper, S., Ferguson, B., Freeman, C., Frost, S., Godley, J., Greenshields, J., Henderson, J., Holden, N., Keech, P., Kim, L., Logan, K., Manley, C., MacLeod, A., Murphy, R., Patience, L., Ramsay, L., De Munroz, S., Scott, J., Seivewright, H., Sivakumar, K., Tata, P., Thornton, S., Ukoumunne, O. C., Wessely, S., Randomized controlled trial of brief cognitive behaviour therapy versus treatment as usual in recurrent deliberate self-harm: The POPMACT study, Psychological medicine, 33, 969–976, 2003 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12946081" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12946081</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design - no economic evaluation</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Van Roijen, L. H., Sinnaeve, R., Bouwmans, C., Van Den Bosch, L., Cost-effectiveness and Cost-utility of Shortterm Inpatient Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Chronically Parasuicidal BPD (Young) Adults, Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics, 18, S19–S20, 2015
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Conference abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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van Spijker, B. A., Majo, M. C., Smit, F., van Straten, A., Kerkhof, A. J., Reducing suicidal ideation: cost-effectiveness analysis of a randomized controlled trial of unguided web-based self-help, Journal of medical Internet research, 14, e141, 2012 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3517339/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3517339</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23103835" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23103835</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6503.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not self-harm</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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