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stroke-linecap="round" style="fill:#FFF" d="m320,350a153,153 0 1,0-2,2l170,170m-91-117 110,110-26,26-110-110"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-fip-done" class="wsprkl btn" title="Dismiss find">✘</a></nav><nav id="jr-fip-info-p"><a id="jr-fip-prev" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to previuos match">◀</a><button id="jr-fip-matches">no matches yet</button><a id="jr-fip-next" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style"><div class="fm-sec bkr_bottom_sep"><div class="bkr_thumb"><a href="https://www.nice.org.uk" title="National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)" class="img_link icnblk_img" ref="pagearea=logo&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-niceng225er12-lrg.png" alt="Cover of Evidence review for harm minimisation strategies" /></a></div><div class="bkr_bib"><h1 id="_NBK588192_"><span itemprop="name">Evidence review for harm minimisation strategies</span></h1><div class="subtitle">Self-harm: assessment, management and preventing recurrence</div><p><b>Evidence review L</b></p><p><i>NICE Guideline, No. 225</i></p><div class="half_rhythm">London: <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><span itemprop="publisher">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)</span></a>; <span itemprop="datePublished">2022 Sep</span>.<div class="small">ISBN-13: <span itemprop="isbn">978-1-4731-4702-7</span></div></div><div><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © NICE 2022.</div></div><div class="bkr_clear"></div></div><div id="bcms6507.s1"><h2 id="_bcms6507_s1_">Harm minimisation strategies</h2><div id="bcms6507.s1.1"><h3>Review question</h3><p>What is the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed?</p><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.1"><h4>Introduction</h4><p>Harm minimisation strategies can be used to prevent or minimise the severity of physical harm caused to a person during and after an episode of self-harm, which can reduce the incidence of more serious injuries and fatal self-harm. Harm minimisation is also sometimes used to refer to strategies that are seen as alternatives to self-harm, such as substituting for other behaviours, coping strategies, or distraction techniques. People who repeatedly self-harm without suicidal intent may find these strategies useful to reduce rates of repeat self-harm. However, in existing practice, self-harm prevention is usually seen as the highest priority when providing care for people who have self-harmed, whereas providing information about harm minimisation strategies to people who have self-harmed might not promote this overall goal if they can be seen as an acceptance that repeat self-harm is inevitable. Additionally, people self-harm for different reasons and using different methods, for which some harm minimisation strategies might not be possible or appropriate. As a result, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed in order to assess whether the benefits of implementing harm minimisation strategies outweigh the potential risks.</p></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.2"><h4>Summary of the protocol</h4><p>See <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK588192/table/bcms6507.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figbcms6507tab1" rid-ob="figobbcms6507tab1">Table 1</a> for a summary of the Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) characteristics of this review.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figbcms6507tab1"><a href="/books/NBK588192/table/bcms6507.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 1" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figbcms6507tab1" rid-ob="figobbcms6507tab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK588192/table/bcms6507.tab1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK588192/table/bcms6507.tab1/?report=previmg" alt="Table 1. Summary of the protocol (PICO table)." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="bcms6507.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK588192/table/bcms6507.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobbcms6507tab1">Table 1</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of the protocol (PICO table). </p></div></div><p>For further details see the review protocol in <a href="#bcms6507.appa">appendix A</a>.</p></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.3"><h4>Methods and process</h4><p>A modified version of the GRADE approach to rate the certainty of evidence in systematic reviews was used as part of a pilot project undertaken by NICE. Instead of using predefined clinical decision/minimal important difference (MID) thresholds to assess imprecision in GRADE tables, imprecision was assessed qualitatively during committee discussions. Other than this modification, GRADE was used to assess the quality of evidence for the selected outcomes and this evidence review developed using the methods and process described in <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/process/pmg20/chapter/introduction" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Developing NICE guidelines: the manual</a>. Methods specific to this review question are described in the review protocol in <a href="#bcms6507.appa">appendix A</a> and the <a href="/books/NBK588192/bin/NG225_Supplement1_Methods.pdf">methods</a> document (supplementary document 1).</p><p>Declarations of interest were recorded according to <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/about/who-we-are/policies-and-procedures" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">NICE’s conflicts of interest policy</a>.</p></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.4"><h4>Effectiveness evidence</h4><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.4.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>A systematic review of the literature was conducted but no studies were identified which were applicable to this review question.</p><p>See the literature search strategy in <a href="#bcms6507.appb">appendix B</a> and study selection flow chart in <a href="#bcms6507.appc">appendix C</a>.</p></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.4.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>Studies not included in this review are listed, and reasons for their exclusion are provided, in <a href="#bcms6507.appj">appendix J</a>.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.5"><h4>Summary of included studies</h4><p>No studies were identified which were applicable to this review question (and so there are no evidence tables <a href="#bcms6507.appd">Appendix D</a>).</p></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.6"><h4>Summary of the evidence</h4><p>No studies were identified which were applicable to this review question (and so there are no GRADE tables in <a href="#bcms6507.appf">Appendix F</a>).</p></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.7"><h4>Economic evidence</h4><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.7.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>A single economic search was undertaken for all topics included in the scope of this guideline but no economic studies were identified which were applicable to this review question. See the literature search strategy in <a href="#bcms6507.appb">appendix B</a> and economic study selection flow chart in <a href="#bcms6507.appg">appendix G</a>.</p></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.7.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>Economic studies not included in the guideline economic literature review are listed, and reasons for their exclusion are provided in <a href="#bcms6507.appj">appendix J</a>.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.8"><h4>Economic model</h4><p>No economic modelling was undertaken for this review because the committee agreed that other topics were higher priorities for economic evaluation.</p></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.9"><h4>Evidence statements</h4><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.9.1"><h5>Economic</h5><p>No economic studies were identified which were applicable to this review question.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.10"><h4>The committee’s discussion and interpretation of the evidence</h4><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.10.1"><h5>The outcomes that matter most</h5><p>Frequency of self-harm, distress and suicide were prioritised as critical outcomes by the committee. The committee agreed that self-harming behaviours serve as coping mechanisms for many people who self-harm. Frequency of self-harm and distress were prioritised as critical outcomes because they are direct measures of any differential effectiveness associated with the interventions that can capture even minor changes in self-harming behaviour, which is one of the primary aims of harm minimisation interventions. Suicide was prioritised as a critical outcome because it is a direct measure of any differential effectiveness associated with the interventions that captures fatal self-harm associated with the attempted modification of the self-harming behaviour.</p><p>The committee agreed that severity of self-harm, quality of life, self-efficacy/ autonomy and hopelessness were important outcomes. Severity of self-harm, self-efficacy/ autonomy and hopelessness were chosen as important outcomes because these outcomes capture both whether harm-minimisation is successful in reducing the severity of self-harm as well as whether such a potential reduction comes at a cost in terms of feelings of self-efficacy/ autonomy and hopelessness. The committee agreed that self-efficacy/ autonomy would capture participants’ feelings of ownership of decisions relating to their care, collaboration of care, plus any coercion by caregivers, for example to prevent self-harm. Quality of life was chosen as an important outcome as this is a global measure of well-being and may capture aspects of effectiveness of the interventions not captured by any of the other outcome measures.</p></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.10.2"><h5>The quality of the evidence</h5><p>No studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria so the committee based the recommendations on their own knowledge and experience. The committee made a research recommendation on the experience, feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies because there was no available evidence on harm minimisation. The committee agreed that different kinds of evidence would be useful, including feasibility and acceptability evidence, because there is no current agreed definition of harm minimisation or well-known understanding of how to implement this complex intervention.</p></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.10.3"><h5>Benefits and harms</h5><p>Due to the lack of evidence available from this review that demonstrated the benefits or risks of harm minimisation strategies and the sensitive nature of this topic, the committee agreed not to make recommendations about the use of ‘safer’ self-harm. The committee acknowledged ‘safer’ self-harm strategies were most commonly associated with harm minimisation, but agreed there were a number of other approaches to harm-minimisation which had fewer risks associated with them. The committee wanted to acknowledge the utility of harm minimisation strategies, but discussed the risks of ‘safer’ self-harm approaches, such as implying the promotion, endorsement, or encouragement of self-harm. The committee agreed these methods could be useful for some people who frequently self-harmed, but without strong evidence for the benefits and harms of ‘safer’ self-harm, the committee did not feel comfortable making recommendations about them. Therefore, the use of ‘safer’ self-harm specifically is neither recommended nor recommended against in the guideline.</p><p>The committee wanted to acknowledge the importance of providing strategies to prevent future self-harm as an initial step before suggesting harm minimisation only when people are unable to resist the urge to self-harm. The committee discussed the potential risks of harm minimisation strategies, based on their own knowledge and experience. They noted that the provision of such advice without additional support or treatment could have the effect of implying therapeutic nihilism, as well as encouraging further episodes of self-harm, especially in people who do not have a prior history of self-harm. However, the committee also considered their experience of the positive impact of harm minimisation strategies for people who frequently self-harmed and noted that harm minimisation strategies could reduce the number of instances of infection or serious injury caused by self-harm, or fatal self-harm. The committee considered these benefits and risks before concluding that harm minimisation strategies should only be suggested to people after having considered their unique situation, with continued optimism and as part of an overall provision of support maintaining the expectation of recovery and not as a standalone intervention. The committee could not provide more specific recommendations about the time limits of harm minimisation due to the lack of evidence, however the committee agreed that the emphasis on collaborative care would ensure any approach to harm minimisation would be considered on a case-by-case basis. The committee agreed taking this approach would lower the risks associated with providing information on harm minimisation strategies.</p><p>The committee felt strongly that it was important to note harm minimisation was more than just ‘safer’ self-harm methods, and that it is overall a person-centred approach about the individual better understanding and managing their urges to self-harm.. They agreed based on their experience that it can be helpful to provide advice on techniques that help to avoid, delay, or reduce self-harm, and no risks were identified from the use of these approaches. For example, the committee agreed that distraction techniques, coping strategies, and self-care could help avoid or delay self-harm, while providing information about the potential complications of self-harm and the interaction between drugs or alcohol and self-harm would give people knowledge that might reduce their urge to self-harm. Additionally, information about wound hygiene and aftercare could empower the person to care for themselves following self-harm, reducing distress and the potential for complications such as infection or bleeding. The committee agreed this approach carried the risk of discouraging people from help-seeking, and therefore information on aftercare should include help-seeking, to encourage people to present to services for care and support following self-harm. The committee also discussed whether the use of ‘alternatives’ to self-harm should be recommended, such as using ice-cubes or drawing lines instead of self-cutting. The committee agreed, based on their experience, not to include these approaches in the recommendation because people who self-harm do not tend to find them useful: they can be reminders of self-harm or even seen as self-harm in themselves. The committee agreed they would need strong evidence about the benefits and harms of these approaches in order to make recommendations about them.</p><p>The committee agreed that it was important to acknowledge the fact that harm minimisation strategies might not be appropriate to suggest to all people who have self-harmed. For example, wound hygiene and aftercare information might not be applicable for someone who regularly self-poisoned. The committee agreed the potential risks of attempting to implement certain harm-minimisation strategies for everyone regardless of their personal situation could include increased frequency of self-harm or distress for some people, and agreed that awareness should be brought to the inapplicability of harm-minimisation strategies for many people who self-harm. The committee discussed whether an age limit should be introduced for harm minimisation strategies but agreed there could be circumstances where the strategies would be useful for children and young people, and that the applicability of harm minimisation was based on the individual’s circumstances and not their age.</p></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.10.4"><h5>Cost effectiveness and resource use</h5><p>The committee noted that no relevant published economic evaluations had been identified and no additional economic analysis had been undertaken in this area. They recommended specific strategies to reduce the likely variation across the NHS in the current practice in terms of harm minimisation strategies. The committee agreed that there was unlikely to be a significant resource impact from the recommendations made, as these are in line with self-management and/or harm minimisation strategies that are currently used in the management of people with self-harm. Moreover, they highlighted how the provision of the recommended strategies is expected to have benefits for the person in terms of a reduction in the severity and/or recurrence of injury and associated resource use savings.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.1.11"><h4>Recommendations supported by this evidence review</h4><p>This evidence review supports recommendations 1.11.11-1.11.13 and research recommendation 5 on the experience, feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who self-harm.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.rl.r1"><h3>References – included studies</h3><ul class="simple-list"><div id="bcms6507.s1.rl.r1.1"><h4>Effectiveness</h4><ul class="simple-list"><p>No studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria.</p></ul></div><div id="bcms6507.s1.rl.r1.2"><h4>Economic</h4><ul class="simple-list"><p>No studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria.</p></ul></div></ul></div></div><div id="appendixesappgroup1"><h2 id="_appendixesappgroup1_">Appendices</h2><div id="bcms6507.appa"><h3>Appendix A. Review protocols</h3><p id="bcms6507.appa.et1"><a href="/books/NBK588192/bin/bcms6507-appa-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Review protocol for review question: What is the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 217K)</span></p></div><div id="bcms6507.appb"><h3>Appendix B. Literature search strategies</h3><p id="bcms6507.appb.et1"><a href="/books/NBK588192/bin/bcms6507-appb-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Literature search strategies for review question: What is the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 243K)</span></p></div><div id="bcms6507.appc"><h3>Appendix C. Clinical evidence study selection</h3><p id="bcms6507.appc.et1"><a href="/books/NBK588192/bin/bcms6507-appc-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Study selection for review question: What is the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 219K)</span></p></div><div id="bcms6507.appd"><h3>Appendix D. Evidence tables</h3><div id="bcms6507.appd.s1"><h4>Evidence tables for review question: What is the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed?</h4><p>No studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6507.appe"><h3>Appendix E. Forest plots</h3><div id="bcms6507.appe.s1"><h4>Forest plots for review question: What is the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed?</h4><p>No studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6507.appf"><h3>Appendix F. Modified GRADE tables</h3><div id="bcms6507.appf.s1"><h4>Modified GRADE tables for review question: What is the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed?</h4><p>No studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6507.appg"><h3>Appendix G. Economic evidence study selection</h3><p id="bcms6507.appg.et1"><a href="/books/NBK588192/bin/bcms6507-appg-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Study selection for review question: What is the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 157K)</span></p></div><div id="bcms6507.apph"><h3>Appendix H. Economic evidence tables</h3><div id="bcms6507.apph.s1"><h4>Economic evidence tables for review question: What is the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed?</h4><p>No evidence was identified which was applicable to this review question.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6507.appi"><h3>Appendix I. Economic model</h3><div id="bcms6507.appi.s1"><h4>Economic model for review question: What is the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed?</h4><p>No economic analysis was conducted for this review question.</p></div></div><div id="bcms6507.appj"><h3>Appendix J. Excluded studies</h3><div id="bcms6507.appj.s1"><h4>Excluded studies for review question: What is the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed?</h4></div><div id="bcms6507.appj.s2"><h4>Excluded effectiveness studies</h4><p id="bcms6507.appj.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK588192/table/bcms6507.appj.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobbcms6507appjtab1" class="figpopup">Table 3. Excluded studies and reasons for their exclusion</a></p></div><div id="bcms6507.appj.s3"><h4>Excluded economic studies</h4><p id="bcms6507.appj.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK588192/table/bcms6507.appj.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobbcms6507appjtab2" class="figpopup">Table 4. Excluded studies from the guideline economic review</a></p></div></div><div id="bcms6507.appk"><h3>Appendix K. Research recommendations – full details</h3><p id="bcms6507.appk.et1"><a href="/books/NBK588192/bin/bcms6507-appk-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Research recommendations for review question: What is the effectiveness of harm minimisation strategies for people who have self-harmed?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 153K)</span></p></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><div><p>Final</p></div><div><p>Evidence review underpinning recommendations 1.11.11 to 1.11.13 and research recommendation 5 in the NICE guideline</p></div><div><p><b>Disclaimer</b>: The recommendations in this guideline represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or service users. The recommendations in this guideline are not mandatory and the guideline does not override the responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or their carer or guardian.</p><p>Local commissioners and/or providers have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual health professionals and their patients or service users wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with compliance with those duties.</p><p>NICE guidelines cover health and care in England. Decisions on how they apply in other UK countries are made by ministers in the <a href="http://wales.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Welsh Government</a>, <a href="http://www.scotland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Scottish Government</a>, and <a href="http://www.northernireland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Northern Ireland Executive</a>. All NICE guidance is subject to regular review and may be updated or withdrawn.</p></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © NICE 2022.</div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK588192</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36595594" title="PubMed record of this title" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">36595594</a></span></div></div><div class="small-screen-prev"></div><div class="small-screen-next"></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobbcms6507tab1"><div id="bcms6507.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 1</span><span class="title">Summary of the protocol (PICO table)</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK588192/table/bcms6507.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__bcms6507.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><th id="hd_b_bcms6507.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Population</th><td headers="hd_b_bcms6507.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>
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<b>Inclusion:</b>
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</p>
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<p>All people who have self-harmed, including those with a mental health problem, neurodevelopmental disorder or a learning disability</p>
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<p>
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<b>Exclusion:</b>
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</p>
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<p>People displaying repetitive stereotypical self-injurious behaviour, for example head-banging in people with a significant learning disability</p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_bcms6507.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Intervention</th><td headers="hd_b_bcms6507.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Any harm minimisation strategy, including, for example:
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Strategies based on distraction (such as elastic band snapping)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Safer self-harming techniques (such as clean razor blades, showing where to cut)</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_bcms6507.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Comparison</th><td headers="hd_b_bcms6507.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No harm minimisation strategy</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_bcms6507.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcome</th><td headers="hd_b_bcms6507.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><b>Critical</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Frequency of self-harm</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Distress</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Suicide</div></li></ul>
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<b>Important</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Severity of self-harm</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Quality of life</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Self-efficacy/autonomy (person feeling like they are in control)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Hopelessness</div></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobbcms6507appjtab1"><div id="bcms6507.appj.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 3</span><span class="title">Excluded studies and reasons for their exclusion</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK588192/table/bcms6507.appj.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__bcms6507.appj.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Code [Reason]</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Barker, E.; Kolves, K.; De Leo, D. (2014) Management of suicidal and self-harming behaviors in prisons: systematic literature review of evidence-based activities. Archives of Suicide Research
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18: 227–40 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24611725" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24611725</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Birch, S., Cole, S., Hunt, K.
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et al. (2011) Self-harm and the positive risk taking approach. Can being able to think about the possibility of harm reduce the frequency of actual harm?. Journal of Mental Health
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20: 293–303 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21574794" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21574794</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>- N<50 per group</p>
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<p>
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<i>Total N=45</i>
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</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Comtois, K. A. (2002) A review of interventions to reduce the prevalence of parasuicide. Psychiatric Services
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53: 1138–44 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12221313" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12221313</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Congdon, P. and Clarke, T. (2005) Assessing intervention effects in a community-based trial to reduce self-harm: A methodological case study. Public Health
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119: 1011–1015 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16084542" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16084542</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>- Intervention/comparison not in PICO</p>
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<p>
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<i>Routine care + a psychosocial assessment + a negotiated care plan + direct access to a case manager versus routine care alone</i>
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</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Edwards, S. D. and Hewitt, J. (2011) Can supervising self-harm be part of ethical nursing practice?. Nursing Ethics
|
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18: 79–87 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21285199" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21285199</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Ganeshalingam, Y. (2008) Assessing risk and managing patients who deliberately self harm. British Journal of Hospital Medicine
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69: M156–7 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18949943" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18949943</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Glenn, Catherine R., Esposito, Erika C., Porter, Andrew C.
|
|
et al. (2019) Evidence base update of psychosocial treatments for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in youth. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
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48: 357–392 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6534465/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6534465</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31046461" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31046461</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Gonzales, A. H. and Bergstrom, L. (2013) Adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) interventions. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing
|
|
26: 124–130 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23607824" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23607824</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>- Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<i>Not really meeting the criteria to be a systematic review, but included studies checked anyway</i>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Hanratty, Donal, Kilicaslan, Jan, Wilding, Helen
|
|
et al. (2019) A systematic review of efficacy of Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS) in managing suicide risk and deliberate self-harm in adult populations. Australasian Psychiatry
|
|
27: 559–564 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31184492" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31184492</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Holley, C., Horton, R., Cartmail, L.
|
|
et al. (2012) Self-injury and harm minimisation on acute wards. Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)
|
|
26: 50–56; quiz 58 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22787971" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22787971</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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Horgan, Aine (2013) Review: Service user involvement in the evaluation of psycho-social intervention for self-harm: A systematic literature review. Journal of Research in Nursing
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18: 131–132
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Howson, S. and Huline-Dickens, S. (2016) Do interventions reduce the risk of repeat self-harm or suicide in young people?: Commentary on… cochrane corner. BJ Psych Advances
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22: 287–291
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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Inckle, Kay (2011) The first cut is the deepest: A harm-reduction approach to self-injury. Social Work in Mental Health
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9: 364–378
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Qualitative study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Iyengar, U., Snowden, N., Asarnow, J. R.
|
|
et al. (2018) A further look at therapeutic interventions for suicide attempts and self-harm in adolescents: An updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Frontiers in Psychiatry
|
|
9: 1–16 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6266504/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6266504</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30532713" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30532713</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Mumme, T. A.; Mildred, H.; Knight, T. (2017) How Do People Stop Non-Suicidal Self-Injury? A Systematic Review. Archives of suicide research : official journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research
|
|
21: 470–489 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27610697" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27610697</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Ougrin, D., Tranah, T., Leigh, E.
|
|
et al. (2012) Practitioner review: Self-harm in adolescents. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines
|
|
53: 337–350 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22329807" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22329807</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Ougrin, D., Tranah, T., Stahl, D.
|
|
et al. (2015) Therapeutic interventions for suicide attempts and self-harm in adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
|
|
54: 97–107.e2 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25617250" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25617250</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Padmanathan, Prianka, Hall, Katherine, Moran, Paul
|
|
et al. (2020) Prevention of suicide and reduction of self-harm among people with substance use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Comprehensive Psychiatry
|
|
96 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31810026" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31810026</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Pembroke, L. (2006) Limiting self harm. Emergency nurse : the journal of the RCN Accident and Emergency Nursing Association
|
|
14: 8–10 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17002010" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17002010</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Pengelly, Nicky, Ford, Barry, Blenkiron, Paul
|
|
et al. (2008) Harm minimisation after repeated self-harm: Development of a trust handbook. Psychiatric Bulletin
|
|
32: 60–63
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Qualitative study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Pickard, H. and Pearce, S. (2017) Balancing costs and benefits: a clinical perspective does not support a harm minimisation approach for self-injury outside of community settings. Journal of medical ethics
|
|
43: 324–326 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28183784" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28183784</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Shaw, C. (2012) Harm-minimisation for self-harm. Mental health today (Brighton, England): 19–21 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23163008" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23163008</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Sullivan, P. J. (2017) Should healthcare professionals sometimes allow harm? The case of self-injury. Journal of medical ethics
|
|
43: 319–323 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28183785" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28183785</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Sullivan, Patrick Joseph (2019) Risk and responding to self injury: Is harm minimisation a step too far?. The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice
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|
14: 1–11
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Narrative review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Timberlake, L. M.; Beeber, L. S.; Hubbard, G. (2020) Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: Management on the Inpatient Psychiatric Unit[Formula: see text. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association
|
|
26: 10–26 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31592703" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31592703</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Turner, B. J.; Austin, S. B.; Chapman, A. L. (2014) Treating nonsuicidal self-injury: A systematic review of psychological and pharmacological interventions. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
|
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59: 576–585 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4244876/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4244876</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25565473" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25565473</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Systematic review, included studies checked for relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Wadman, R., Nielsen, E., O’Raw, L.
|
|
et al. (2019) “These Things Don’t Work.” Young People’s Views on Harm Minimization Strategies as a Proxy for Self-Harm: A Mixed Methods Approach. Archives of suicide research : official journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research: 1–18 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31322056" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31322056</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">- Non-comparative study</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobbcms6507appjtab2"><div id="bcms6507.appj.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 4</span><span class="title">Excluded studies from the guideline economic review</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK588192/table/bcms6507.appj.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__bcms6507.appj.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Reason for Exclusion</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Adrian, M., Lyon, A. R., Nicodimos, S., Pullmann, M. D., McCauley, E., Enhanced “Train and Hope” for Scalable, Cost-Effective Professional Development in Youth Suicide Prevention, Crisis, 39, 235–246, 2018 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29183240" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29183240</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to any of the review questions in the guideline - this study examined the impact of an educational training ongoing intervention, and the effect of the post-training reminder system, on mental health practitioners’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour surrounding suicide assessment and intervention. As well, this study was not a full health economic evaluation</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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Borschmann
|
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R, Barrett
|
|
B, Hellier
|
|
JM, et al. Joint crisis plans for people with borderline personality disorder: feasibility and outcomes in a randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry. 2013;202(5):357–364. [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23637110" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23637110</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to any of the review questions in the guideline - this study examined the feasibility of recruiting and retaining adults with borderline personality disorder to a pilot randomised controlled trial investigating the potential efficacy and cost-effectiveness of using a joint crisis plan</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Bustamante Madsen, L., Eddleston, M., Schultz Hansen, K., Konradsen, F., Quality Assessment of Economic Evaluations of Suicide and Self-Harm Interventions, Crisis, 39, 82–95, 2018 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28914094" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28914094</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design - this review of health economics studies has been excluded for this guideline, but its references have been hand-searched for any relevant health economic study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Byford, S., Barrett, B., Aglan, A., Harrington, V., Burroughs, H., Kerfoot, M., Harrington, R. C., Lifetime and current costs of supporting young adults who deliberately poisoned themselves in childhood and adolescence, Journal of Mental Health, 18, 297–306, 2009
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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Byford, S., Leese, M., Knapp, M., Seivewright, H., Cameron, S., Jones, V., Davidson, K., Tyrer, P., Comparison of alternative methods of collection of service use data for the economic evaluation health care interventions, Health Economics, 16, 531–536, 2007 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17001749" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17001749</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Byford, Sarah, Barber, Julie A., Harrington, Richard, Barber, Baruch Beautrais Blough Brent Brodie Byford Carlson Chernoff Collett Fergusson Garland Goldberg Harman Harrington Hawton Huber Kazdin Kazdin Kerfoot Kerfoot Kerfoot Knapp Lindsey McCullagh Miller Netten Reynolds Sadowski Shaffer Simms Wu, Factors that influence the cost of deliberate self-poisoning in children and adolescents, Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics, 4, 113–121, 2001 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11967471" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11967471</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
Denchev, P., Pearson, J. L., Allen, M. H., Claassen, C. A., Currier, G. W., Zatzick, D. F., Schoenbaum, M., Modeling the cost-effectiveness of interventions to reduce suicide risk among hospital emergency department patients, Psychiatric Services, 69, 23–31, 2018 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5750130/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5750130</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28945181" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28945181</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to any of the review questions in the guideline - this study estimated the cost-effectiveness of outpatient interventions (Postcards, Telephone outreach, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy) to reduce suicide risk among patients presenting to general hospital emergency departments</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Dunlap, L. J., Orme, S., Zarkin, G. A., Arias, S. A., Miller, I. W., Camargo, C. A., Sullivan, A. F., Allen, M. H., Goldstein, A. B., Manton, A. P., Clark, R., Boudreaux, E. D., Screening and Intervention for Suicide Prevention: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the ED-SAFE Interventions, Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.), appips201800445, 2019 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31451063" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31451063</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to any of the review questions in the guideline - this study estimated the cost-effectiveness of suicide screening followed by an intervention to identify suicidal individuals and prevent recurring self-harm</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Fernando, S. M., Reardon, P. M., Ball, I. M., van Katwyk, S., Thavorn, K., Tanuseputro, P., Rosenberg, E., Kyeremanteng, K., Outcomes and Costs of Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit Due to Accidental or Intentional Poisoning, Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, 35, 386–393, 2020 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29357777" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29357777</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Flood, C., Bowers, L., Parkin, D., Estimating the costs of conflict and containment on adult acute inpatient psychiatric wards, Nursing economic$, 26, 325–330, 324, 2008 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18979699" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18979699</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Fortune, Z., Barrett, B., Armstrong, D., Coid, J., Crawford, M., Mudd, D., Rose, D., Slade, M., Spence, R., Tyrer, P., Moran, P., Clinical and economic outcomes from the UK pilot psychiatric services for personality-disordered offenders, International Review of Psychiatry, 23, 61–9, 2011 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21338300" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21338300</span></a>]
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to any of the review questions in the guideline</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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George, S., Javed, M., Hemington-Gorse, S., Wilson-Jones, N., Epidemiology and financial implications of self-inflicted burns, Burns, 42, 196–201, 2016 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26670160" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26670160</span></a>]
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Gunnell, D., Shepherd, M., Evans, M., Are recent increases in deliberate self-harm associated with changes in socio-economic conditions? An ecological analysis of patterns of deliberate self-harm in Bristol 1972-3 and 1995-6, Psychological medicine, 30, 1197–1203, 2000 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12027054" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12027054</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design - cost-of-illness study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Kapur, N., House, A., Dodgson, K., Chris, M., Marshall, S., Tomenson, B., Creed, F., Management and costs of deliberate self-poisoning in the general hospital: A multi-centre study, Journal of Mental Health, 11, 223–230, 2002
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Kapur, N., House, A., May, C., Creed, F., Service provision and outcome for deliberate self-poisoning in adults - Results from a six centre descriptive study, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 38, 390–395, 2003 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12861446" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12861446</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Kinchin, I., Russell, A. M. T., Byrnes, J., McCalman, J., Doran, C. M., Hunter, E., The cost of hospitalisation for youth self-harm: differences across age groups, sex, Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 55, 425–434, 2020 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31732765" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31732765</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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O’Leary, F. M., Lo, M. C. I., Schreuder, F. B., “Cuts are costly”: A review of deliberate self-harm admissions to a district general hospital plastic surgery department over a 12-month period, Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, 67, e109–e110, 2014 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24183058" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24183058</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Olfson, M., Gameroff, M. J., Marcus, S. C., Greenberg, T., Shaffer, D., National trends in hospitalization of youth with intentional self-inflicted injuries, American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 1328–1335, 2005 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15994716" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15994716</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Ostertag, L., Golay, P., Dorogi, Y., Brovelli, S., Cromec, I., Edan, A., Barbe, R., Saillant, S., Michaud, L., Self-harm in French-speaking Switzerland: A socio-economic analysis (7316), Swiss Archives of Neurology, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 70 (Supplement 8), 48S, 2019
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Conference abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Ougrin, D., Corrigall, R., Poole, J., Zundel, T., Sarhane, M., Slater, V., Stahl, D., Reavey, P., Byford, S., Heslin, M., Ivens, J., Crommelin, M., Abdulla, Z., Hayes, D., Middleton, K., Nnadi, B., Taylor, E., Comparison of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an intensive community supported discharge service versus treatment as usual for adolescents with psychiatric emergencies: a randomised controlled trial, The Lancet Psychiatry, 5, 477–485, 2018 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5994473/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5994473</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29731412" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29731412</span></a>]
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not self-harm. In addition, the interventions evaluated in this economic analysis (a supported discharge service provided by an intensive community treatment team compared to usual care) were not relevant to any review questions</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Palmer, S., Davidson, K., Tyrer, P., Gumley, A., Tata, P., Norrie, J., Murray, H., Seivewright, H., The cost-effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder: results from the BOSCOT trial, Journal of Personality Disorders, 20, 466–481, 2006 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1852260/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC1852260</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17032159" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17032159</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not self-harm</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Quinlivan
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L, Steeg
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S, Elvidge
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J, et al. Risk assessment scales to predict risk of hospital treated repeat self-harm: A cost-effectiveness modelling analysis. J Affect Disord. 2019;249:208–215. [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30772749" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30772749</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to any of the review questions in the guideline - this study estimated the cost-effectiveness of risk assessment scales versus clinical assessment for adults attending an emergency department following self-harm</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Richardson
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JS, Mark
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TL, McKeon
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R. The return on investment of postdischarge follow-up calls for suicidal ideation or deliberate self-harm. Psychiatr Serv. 2014;65(8):1012–1019. [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24788454" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24788454</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not enough data reporting on cost-effectiveness findings</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Smits, M. L., Feenstra, D. J., Eeren, H. V., Bales, D. L., Laurenssen, E. M. P., Blankers, M., Soons, M. B. J., Dekker, J. J. M., Lucas, Z., Verheul, R., Luyten, P., Day hospital versus intensive out-patient mentalisation-based treatment for borderline personality disorder: Multicentre randomised clinical trial, British Journal of Psychiatry, 216, 79–84, 2020 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30791963" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30791963</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not self-harm</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Tsiachristas, A., Geulayov, G., Casey, D., Ness, J., Waters, K., Clements, C., Kapur, N., McDaid, D., Brand, F., Hawton, K., Incidence and general hospital costs of self-harm across England: estimates based on the multicentre study of self-harm, Epidemiology & Psychiatric Science, 29, e108, 2020 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7214546/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC7214546</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160934" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 32160934</span></a>]
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Tsiachristas, A., McDaid, D., Casey, D., Brand, F., Leal, J., Park, A. L., Geulayov, G., Hawton, K., General hospital costs in England of medical and psychiatric care for patients who self-harm: a retrospective analysis, The Lancet Psychiatry, 4, 759–767, 2017 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5614771/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5614771</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28890321" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28890321</span></a>]
|
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design – no comparative cost analysis</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Tubeuf, S., Saloniki, E. C., Cottrell, D., Parental Health Spillover in Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: Evidence from Self-Harming Adolescents in England, PharmacoEconomics, 37, 513–530, 2019 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30294758" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30294758</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">This study is not a separate study from one already included in the guideline for topic 5.2 (Cottrel 2018). This secondary analysis presents alternative parental health spillover quantification methods in the context of a randomised controlled trial comparing family therapy with treatment as usual as an intervention for self-harming adolescents of (Cottrel 2018), and discusses the practical limitations of those methods</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Tyrer, P., Thompson, S., Schmidt, U., Jones, V., Knapp, M., Davidson, K., Catalan, J., Airlie, J., Baxter, S., Byford, S., Byrne, G., Cameron, S., Caplan, R., Cooper, S., Ferguson, B., Freeman, C., Frost, S., Godley, J., Greenshields, J., Henderson, J., Holden, N., Keech, P., Kim, L., Logan, K., Manley, C., MacLeod, A., Murphy, R., Patience, L., Ramsay, L., De Munroz, S., Scott, J., Seivewright, H., Sivakumar, K., Tata, P., Thornton, S., Ukoumunne, O. C., Wessely, S., Randomized controlled trial of brief cognitive behaviour therapy versus treatment as usual in recurrent deliberate self-harm: The POPMACT study, Psychological medicine, 33, 969–976, 2003 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12946081" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12946081</span></a>]
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design - no economic evaluation</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Van Roijen, L. H., Sinnaeve, R., Bouwmans, C., Van Den Bosch, L., Cost-effectiveness and Cost-utility of Shortterm Inpatient Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Chronically Parasuicidal BPD (Young) Adults, Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics, 18, S19–S20, 2015
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</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Conference abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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van Spijker, B. A., Majo, M. C., Smit, F., van Straten, A., Kerkhof, A. J., Reducing suicidal ideation: cost-effectiveness analysis of a randomized controlled trial of unguided web-based self-help, Journal of medical Internet research, 14, e141, 2012 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3517339/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3517339</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23103835" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23103835</span></a>]
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_bcms6507.appj.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not self-harm</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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