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src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-niceng210er7-lrg.png" alt="Cover of Information provision related to the management of pelvic floor dysfunction (people’s views and experiences)" /></a></div><div class="bkr_bib"><h1 id="_NBK579554_"><span itemprop="name">Information provision related to the management of pelvic floor dysfunction (people’s views and experiences)</span></h1><div class="subtitle">Pelvic floor dysfunction: prevention and non-surgical management</div><p><b>Evidence review G</b></p><p><i>NICE Guideline, No. 210</i></p><p class="contrib-group"><h4>Authors</h4><span itemprop="author">National Guideline Alliance (UK)</span>.</p><div class="half_rhythm">London: <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><span itemprop="publisher">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)</span></a>; <span itemprop="datePublished">2021 Dec</span>.<div class="small">ISBN-13: <span itemprop="isbn">978-1-4731-4364-7</span></div></div><div><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © NICE 2021.</div></div><div class="bkr_clear"></div></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1"><h2 id="_niceng210er7_s1_">Information provision related to the management of pelvic floor dysfunction (people’s views and experiences)</h2><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1"><h3>Review question</h3><p>What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</p><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.1"><h4>Introduction</h4><p>Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is a taboo topic amongst women. Women typically do not seek help for their symptoms and accept it as part of getting older. The objective of this review is to determine what information is considered valuable by women with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners and/or their carers.</p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.2"><h4>Summary of the protocol</h4><p>See <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng210er7tab1" rid-ob="figobniceng210er7tab1">Table 1</a> for a summary of the Population, Interest, Context, Outcome (PICO) characteristics of this review.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng210er7tab1"><a href="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 1" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng210er7tab1" rid-ob="figobniceng210er7tab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab1/?report=previmg" alt="Table 1. Summary of the protocol (PICO table)." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng210er7.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng210er7tab1">Table 1</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of the protocol (PICO table). </p></div></div><p>For further details, see the review protocol in <a href="#niceng210er7.appa">appendix A</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.3"><h4>Methods and process</h4><p>This evidence review was developed using the methods and process described in <u>Developing NICE guidelines: the manual</u>. Methods specific to this review question are described in the review protocol in <a href="#niceng210er7.appa">appendix A</a> and the <a href="/books/NBK579554/bin/niceng210er7_bm1.pdf">methods</a> document (supplementary document 1).</p><p>Declarations of interest were recorded according to <u>NICE’s conflicts of interest policy</u>.</p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.4"><h4>Clinical evidence</h4><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.4.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>Fifteen qualitative studies were included for this review: <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref1" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref1">Andersson 2009</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref2" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref2">Bjork 2014</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref3" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref3">Buurman 2013</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref4" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref4">Cichowski 2014</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref5" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref5">Dunivan 2014</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref6" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref6">Kiyosaki 2012</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref7" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref7">Pakbaz 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref8" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref8">Pintos-Dias 2019</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref9" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref9">Rasmussen 2010</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref10" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref10">Sevilla 2013</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref11" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref11">Siddiqui 2016</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref12" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref12">Smith 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref13" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref13">Smith 2019</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref14" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref14">van den Muijsenbergh 2006</a> & <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref15" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref15">Weislander 2015</a>.</p><p>Five studies included women with urinary incontinence (UI), including 1 study of stress urinary incontinence only (SUI; <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref2" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref2">Bjork 2014</a>), 1 study with stress, urgency or mixed urinary incontinence (SUI, UUI, MUI; <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref8" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref8">Pintos-Dias 2019</a>) and 3 studies with unspecified UI (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref1" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref1">Andersson 2009</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref11" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref11">Siddiqui 2016</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref14" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref14">van den Muijsenbergh 2006</a>). Three studies included women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP; <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref5" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref5">Dunivan 2014</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref7" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref7">Pakbaz 2011</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref15" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref15">Wieslander 2015</a>), 2 studies included women with faecal incontinence (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref4" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref4">Cichowski 2014</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref9" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref9">Rasmussen 2010</a>) and 1 study included women with overactive bladder (OAB; <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref12" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref12">Smith 2011</a>). Four studies included a mixed population, with 2 studies including UI or POP (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref6" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref6">Kiyosaki 2012</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref10" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref10">Sevilla 2013</a>), 1 study including UI or UI and FI (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref13" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref13">Smith 2019</a>) and 1 study including varying pelvic floor problems (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref3" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref3">Buurman 2013</a>).</p><p>Seven studies were conducted in the USA (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref4" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref4">Cichowski 2014</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref5" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref5">Dunivan 2014</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref6" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref6">Kiyosaki 2012</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref10" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref10">Sevilla 2013</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref11" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref11">Siddiqui 2016</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref12" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref12">Smith 2011</a> and <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref15" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref15">Wieslander 2015</a>), 3 in Sweden (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref1" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref1">Andersson 2009</a>, <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref2" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref2">Bjork 2014</a> and <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref7" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref7">Pakbaz 2011</a>), 2 in The Netherlands (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref3" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref3">Buurman 2013</a> and <a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref14" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref14">Van den Muijenbergh 2006</a>) and 1 each in Denmark (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref9" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref9">Rasmussen 2010</a>), Canada (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref13" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref13">Smith 2019</a>) and Spain (<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref8" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref8">Pintos-Diaz 2019</a>)</p><p>The included studies are summarised in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng210er7tab2" rid-ob="figobniceng210er7tab2">Table 2</a>.</p><p>See the literature search strategy in <a href="#niceng210er7.appb">appendix B</a> and study selection flow chart in <a href="#niceng210er7.appc">appendix C</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.4.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>Studies not included in this review are listed, and reasons for their exclusion are provided in <a href="#niceng210er7.appk">appendix K</a>.</p></div></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.5"><h4>Summary of studies included in the evidence review</h4><p>Summaries of the studies that were included in this review are presented in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng210er7tab2" rid-ob="figobniceng210er7tab2">Table 2</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng210er7tab2"><a href="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 2" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng210er7tab2" rid-ob="figobniceng210er7tab2"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab2/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab2/?report=previmg" alt="Table 2. Summary of included studies." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng210er7.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng210er7tab2">Table 2</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies. </p></div></div><p>See the full evidence tables in <a href="#niceng210er7.appd">appendix D</a> and thematic map in <a href="#niceng210er7.appm">appendix M</a>. No meta-analysis was conducted (and so there are no forest plots in <a href="#niceng210er7.appe">appendix E</a>).</p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.6"><h4>Quality assessment of studies included in the evidence review</h4><p>See the evidence profiles in <a href="#niceng210er7.appf">appendix F</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.7"><h4>Economic evidence</h4><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.7.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>A single economic search was undertaken for all topics included in the scope of this guideline but no economic studies were identified which were applicable to this review question. See the literature search strategy in <a href="#niceng210er7.appb">appendix B</a> and economic study selection flow chart in <a href="#niceng210er7.appg">appendix G</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.7.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>Studies not included in this review are listed, and reasons for their exclusion are provided in <a href="#niceng210er7.appk">appendix K</a>.</p></div></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.8"><h4>Economic model</h4><p>No economic modelling was undertaken for this qualitative review because there would be no comparative effectiveness data to assess the relative efficiency of competing courses of action.</p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.9"><h4>Brief summary of the evidence</h4><p>A summary of the strength of evidence (overall confidence), assessed using GRADE-CERQual (see <a href="#niceng210er7.appf">Appendix F</a>), and quality of the evidence (overall methodological concerns), assessed using the critical appraisal skills programme (CASP) checklist for qualitative studies, is presented according to the main themes:
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – language. Methodological concerns ranged between minor and major for the sub-themes, and the overall confidence in the sub-themes was low. The sub themes included:
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Language barriers</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Medical terminology</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Use of aids (for example anatomy models)</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – difficulties with access. Methodological concerns ranged between moderate and major for the sub-themes, and the overall confidence in the sub-themes was low to moderate. The sub themes included:
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Not being able to access doctors</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Not being able to ask questions</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Not being taken seriously</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Not knowing when or where to seek help</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Perception that doctors are embarrassed to talk about pelvic floor disorders</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Style of communication. Methodological concerns ranged between moderate and major for the sub-themes, and the overall confidence in the sub-themes was low to moderate. The sub themes included:
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Characteristics of the healthcare professional</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Desire for direct communication</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Preferred format of information</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Wanting positive messages</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sources of information. Methodological concerns ranged between moderate and major for the sub-themes, and the overall confidence in the sub-themes was low to moderate. The sub themes included:
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sources of information are varying</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Women have differing levels of trust in the different sources</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Information from the internet can be overwhelming</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Support networks. Methodological concerns ranged between moderate and major for the sub-themes, and the overall confidence in the sub-themes was low to moderate. The sub themes included:
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Need for more support groups</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Support networks enable women to not feel alone</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Support networks as a source of information</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Pelvic floor disorders in the media. Methodological concerns ranged between minor and moderate for the sub-themes, and the overall confidence in the sub-themes was moderate. The sub themes included:
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Pelvic floor disorders are not prominent in the media</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Desire for more media visibility</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lack of information or knowledge. Methodological concerns ranged between moderate and major for the sub-themes, and the overall confidence in the sub-themes was low to moderate. The sub themes included:
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Information needs are not being met</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Women demonstrated a lack of understanding of their symptoms</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Women demonstrated a lack of understanding of their diagnosis</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Women demonstrated a lack of understanding of the treatment options</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Women demonstrated a lack of understanding of the causes of their PFD</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Women demonstrated a lack of understanding of diagnostic tests</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Prevalence. Methodological concerns were moderate for the sub-themes, and the overall confidence in the sub-themes was moderate. The sub themes included:
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Embarrassment inhibits help-seeking and information seeking</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Women want to know if their symptoms are normal</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Pelvic floor disorders in relation to pregnancy. Methodological concerns were moderate for the sub-themes, and the overall confidence in the sub-themes was low. The sub themes included:
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Pelvic floor disorders were viewed as normal</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Pelvic floor disorders were not a priority</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Information provides relief. Methodological concerns were major for the sub-themes, and the overall confidence in the sub-themes was low. The sub themes included:
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Information about the symptoms/diagnosis and treatment provides women with relief</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Information provides women with relief that they are not alone or abnormal</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.10"><h4>The committee’s discussion of the evidence</h4><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.10.1"><h5>Interpreting the evidence</h5><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.10.1.1"><h5>The outcomes that matter most</h5><p>The committee agreed that the views of women with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners and/or their carers should be considered to capture a broad range of perspectives.</p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.10.1.2"><h5>The quality of the evidence</h5><p>The quality of the evidence was assessed using GRADE CERqual and overall confidence in the review findings ranged from very low to moderate with the majority of the findings having low confidence.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Concerns about the methodological limitations of the primary studies were assessed with the CASP checklist and ranged from “major” to “minor”. The most common issues were: lack of consideration of the relationship between researcher and participants, no consideration of the role of the researcher on the research and analysis process, limited detail provided on data analysis, no discussion of ethical issues such as informed consent issues and confidentiality, no justification for the data collection methods and setting, and limited, or an absence of discussion of the contribution to the literature.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Concerns about coherence ranged from “minor” to “no or very minor”. For the majority of review findings concerns were no or very minor, as there was no data that contradicted the findings nor was there ambiguous data. A small number of review findings demonstrated minor concerns due to ambiguous or contradictory evidence without explanation for differences.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Concerns about relevance ranged from “minor” to “no or very minor”. For some of the review findings concerns were no or very minor, although the findings were not directly about the specific information valued by women with pelvic floor disorders. However, they were considered important as they had implications for the type of information that women may value.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Concerns about adequacy ranged from “minor” to “no or very minor”. There were minor concerns for review findings when some of the evidence was based on a small number of studies and participants. There were also some concerns regarding thin data, however it was noted that as most themes were not complex, so thin data may be adequate in most cases. All other review findings were based on moderately rich data and minor concerns were for review findings based on evidence from a small number of studies or participants. The number of studies used for each review finding ranged from 1 to 5.</div></li></ul></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.10.1.3"><h5>Benefits and harms</h5><p>Qualitative evidence from the style of communication and accessibility of information themes showed that women with pelvic floor dysfunction perceived some communication styles as unhelpful. Evidence from the lack of information or knowledge theme also indicated that some women are not given enough information to understand their symptoms, diagnosis, investigations or treatment. The quality of the evidence was mixed, due to concerns about methodological limitations in the design of the studies. The committee also made recommendations based on their own experience, in areas where there was no evidence (such as video and telephone consultations).</p><p>Low to moderate quality evidence from the style of communication theme and the information provides relief theme showed that women valued information provided during a face-to-face appointment. In addition, evidence from the prevalence theme indicated that due to the nature of pelvic floor dysfunction it can be perceived as embarrassing. However, the committee acknowledged the shift towards the provision of care virtually during the Covid-19 pandemic and discussed that in their experience this has been well received by some women. Particularly as it can remove the element of embarrassment and reluctance from both patients and clinicians to discuss pelvic floor dysfunction symptoms. Therefore, recommendations to establish the most effective mode of communication (including virtual consultations) were made based on both the evidence and committee consensus.</p><p>Pelvic floor dysfunction is a complex condition, with particular communication issues (such as embarrassment or cultural sensitvities). Moderate quality evidence from the accessibility of information – difficulties with access theme showed also that women believed that healthcare professionals feel embarrassed about talking about symptoms and body parts related to pelvic floor dysfunction and the committee decided to raise awareness of this. Some of this embarrassment was also related around not knowing the right terminology and the theme of accessibility of information – language provided evidence that women felt that the language that healthcare professionals use could be a barrier, particularly terminology used to describe symptoms and anatomical terminology. The committee, based on experience, also discussed that there can be cultural barriers to talking about topics related to pelvic floor dysfunction and that healthcare professionals should be aware of this. The committee therefore recommended that healthcare professionals tailor their language to the knowledge and preference of each woman.</p><p>The committee, based on experience, noted that women with cognitive impairments may find it difficult to follow a treatment plan and therefore recommended to ask the woman if they want their family and carers or other people involved (where appropriate) so that they can help them following the instructions in their management plan.</p><p>The qualitative evidence, particularly the theme lack of information or knowledge, consistently showed that women often lacked understanding of their symptoms, diagnosis, investigations and treatment. The committee discussed how pelvic floor dysfunction is a complex condition, therefore when relaying information to patients it is important that it is in a style and manner that the patient can understand. Based on the evidence and on their experience, the committee highlighted key issues to cover when discussing pelvic floor dysfunction with women. These key issues should cover a description of the pelvic anatomy as well as topics that cover the whole pathway of care ranging from potential causes management options and possible risk factors. The committee also noted that there is a general lack of awareness of the pelvic floor dysfunction and therefore improving this would also lead to better understanding (a topic which is covered in evidence report A).</p><p>The committee also noted that the type of information that is relevant would vary by age and circumstances and that the healthcare professional has to be sensitive to these different information needs and tailor the content and the communication style to each individual woman.</p><p>Evidence of moderate quality from the prevalence theme and low quality evidence from the PFD and pregnancy theme suggested that in pregnancy and in the postnatal period, symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction may be overlooked by women or they may be embarrassed to mention symptoms. The committee discussed how new symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction are a risk factor for the development of pelvic floor dysfunction later in life, taking into account the relevant section of this guideline (see evidence report B risk factors for pelvic floor dysfunction). Therefore, they agreed that it is important women should routinely be asked about the symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction in the postnatal period.</p><p>There was moderate quality evidence from the style of communication theme showing that women prefer to receive encouraging information, with less focus on negative messages The committee was conscious that for long-term benefit of non-surgical interventions for pelvic floor dysfunction like pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), patient motivation is key. Therefore, it is important that information is provided in a positive manner.</p><p>The committee were conscious that the available evidence did not address information valued by young women (aged 12 or over) or those with protected characteristics such a physical or learning disabilities. Therefore, a research recommendation was made to inform future guidance.</p><p>Several themes did not result in any recommendations, including support networks, PFD in the media and sources of information. This was because they covered areas that were already addressed by recommendations from other evidence reports (for example evidence report A: community information strategies).</p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.10.1.4"><h5>Cost effectiveness and resource use</h5><p>This was a qualitative review and the recommendations that came out of it were largely about information content and presentation of that information. Therefore, there is a negligible resource impact from these recommendations. The committee thought the recommendations would generally further cost-effective care by promoting a better understanding of symptoms to women with pelvic floor dysfunction. Whilst there may be resource consequences from the recommendations about communication format this in practice is likely to represent greater opportunity for remote formats than has traditionally been the case and the committee thought this would normally be cost saving and would be preferred by the women who agreed to non-face-to-face communication.</p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.10.1.5"><h5>Other factors the committee took into account</h5><p>The evidence showed that there can be barriers to certain groups of people understanding information; such as those with physical or learning disabilities or those with difficulties understanding or speaking English. Therefore, the committee acknowledged that clinicians should refer to the NICE guideline on <u>Patient experience in adult NHS services: improving the experience of care for people using adult NHS</u> and <u>the NICE guideline on babies, children and young people’s experience of healthcare</u> for advice on how to tailor communication and information to each woman.</p></div></div></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.11"><h4>Recommendations supported by this evidence review</h4><p>This evidence review supports recommendations 1.4.1 to 1.4.6 (except first bullet of 1.4.5) as well as 1.5.3 and 1.6.4 and a research recommendation on the experiences and information needs of children and young women (between 12 and 17 years) in the NICE guideline.</p></div><div id="niceng210er7.s1.1.rl.r1"><h4>References</h4><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref1"><p id="p-273">
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<strong>Andersson 2009</strong>
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</p>Andersson, G, Johansson, J. E, Nilsson, K, Sahlberg-Blom, E., Perceptions of urinary incontinence among Syrian Christian women living in Sweden, Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 20, 296–303, 2009 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19372538" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19372538</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref2"><p id="p-274">
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<strong>Bjork 2014</strong>
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</p>Bjork, Anna-Bell, Sjostrom, Malin, Johansson, Eva E, Samuelsson, Eva, Umefjord, Goran, Women’s experiences of internet-based or postal treatment for stress urinary incontinence, Qualitative health research, 24, 484–93, 2014 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24598777" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24598777</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref3"><p id="p-275">
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<strong>Buurman 2013</strong>
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</p>Buurman, M. B. R, Lagro-Janssen, A. L. M., Women’s perception of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction and their help-seeking behaviour: A qualitative interview study, Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 27, 406–413, 2013 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22924517" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22924517</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref4"><p id="p-276">
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<strong>Cichowski 2014</strong>
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</p>Cichowski, Sara B, Dunivan, Gena C, Rogers, Rebecca G, Komesu, Yuko M., Patients’ experience compared with physicians’ recommendations for treating fecal incontinence: a qualitative approach, International Urogynecology Journal, 25, 935–40, 2014 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4562421/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4562421</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24573357" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24573357</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref5"><p id="p-277">
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<strong>Dunivan 2014</strong>
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</p>Dunivan, Gena C, Anger, Jennifer T, Alas, Alexandriah, Wieslander, Cecilia, Sevilla, Claudia, Chu, Stephanie, Maliski, Sally, Barrera, Biatris, Eiber, Karyn, Rogers, Rebecca G., Pelvic organ prolapse: a disease of silence and shame, Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, 20, 322–7, 2014 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4213231/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4213231</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25185629" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25185629</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref6"><p id="p-278">
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<strong>Kiyosaki 2012</strong>
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</p>Kiyosaki, K, Ackerman, A. L, Histed, S, Sevilla, C, Eilber, K, Maliski, S, Rogers, R. G, Anger, J., Patients’ understanding of pelvic floor disorders: what women want to know, Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, 18, 137–142, 2012 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3733672/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3733672</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22543763" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22543763</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref7"><p id="p-279">
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<strong>Pakbaz 2011</strong>
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</p>Pakbaz, Mojgan, Rolfsman, Ewa, Mogren, Ingrid, Lofgren, Mats, Vaginal prolapse--perceptions and healthcare-seeking behavior among women prior to gynecological surgery, Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 90, 1115–20, 2011 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21692758" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21692758</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref8"><p id="p-280">
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<strong>Pintos-Diaz 2019</strong>
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</p>Pintos-Diaz, Maria Zahara, Alonso-Blanco, Cristina, Paras-Bravo, Paula, Fernandez-de-Las-Penas, Cesar, Paz-Zulueta, Maria, Fradejas-Sastre, Victor, Palacios-Cena, Domingo, Living with Urinary Incontinence: Potential Risks of Women’s Health? A Qualitative Study on the Perspectives of Female Patients Seeking Care for the First Time in a Specialized Center, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, 2019 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6801418/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6801418</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31597365" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31597365</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref9"><p id="p-281">
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<strong>Rasmussen 2010</strong>
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</p>Rasmussen, J. L, Ringsberg, K. C., Being involved in an everlasting fight - a life with postnatal faecal incontinence. A qualitative study, Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 24, 108–115, 2010 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19824947" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19824947</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref10"><p id="p-282">
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<strong>Sevilla 2013</strong>
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</p>Sevilla, C, Wieslander, C. K, Alas, A. N, Dunivan, G. C, Khan, A. A, Maliski, S. L, Rogers, R. G, Anger, J. T., Communication between physicians and Spanish-speaking Latin American women with pelvic floor disorders: a cycle of misunderstanding?, Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, 19, 90–7, 2013 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3584345/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3584345</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23442506" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23442506</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref11"><p id="p-283">
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<strong>Siddiqui 2016</strong>
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</p>Siddiqui, Nazema Y, Ammarell, Natalie, Wu, Jennifer M, Sandoval, Juan S, Bosworth, Hayden B., Urinary Incontinence and Health-Seeking Behavior Among White, Black, and Latina Women, Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, 22, 340–5, 2016 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5002243/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5002243</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27171320" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27171320</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref12"><p id="p-284">
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<strong>Smith 2011</strong>
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</p>Smith, Ariana L, Nissim, Helen A, Le, Thuy X, Khan, Aqsa, Maliski, Sally L, Litwin, Mark S, Sarkisian, Catherine A, Raz, Shlomo, Rodriguez, Larissa V, Anger, Jennifer T., Misconceptions and miscommunication among aging women with overactive bladder symptoms, Urology, 77, 55–9, 2011 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3014400/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3014400</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20970839" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20970839</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref13"><p id="p-285">
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<strong>Smith 2019</strong>
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</p>Smith, N, Hunter, K. F, Rajabali, S, Milsom, I, Wagg, A., Where Do Women With Urinary Incontinence Find Information About Absorbent Products and How Useful Do They Find It?, Journal of Wound, Ostomy, & Continence NursingJ Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs, 46, 44–50, 2019 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30531409" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30531409</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref14"><p id="p-286">
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<strong>van den Muijsenbergh 2006</strong>
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</p>van den Muijsenbergh, M. E. T. C, Lagro-Janssen, T. A. L. M., Urinary incontinence in Moroccan and Turkish women: A qualitative study on impact and preferences for treatment, British Journal of General Practice, 56, 945–949, 2006 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1934055/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC1934055</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17132383" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17132383</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref15"><p id="p-287">
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<strong>Wieslander 2015</strong>
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</p>Wieslander, C. K, Alas, A, Dunivan, G. C, Sevilla, C, Cichowski, S, Maliski, S, Eilber, K, Rogers, R. G, Anger, J. T., Misconceptions and miscommunication among Spanish-speaking and English-speaking women with pelvic organ prolapse, International Urogynecology Journal, 26, 597–604, 2015 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4550586/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4550586</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25516231" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25516231</span></a>]</div></p></li></ul></div></div></div><div id="appendixesappgroup1"><h2 id="_appendixesappgroup1_">Appendices</h2><div id="niceng210er7.appa"><h3>Appendix A. Review protocol</h3><p id="niceng210er7.appa.et1"><a href="/books/NBK579554/bin/niceng210er7-appa-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Review protocol for review question: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 397K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng210er7.appb"><h3>Appendix B. Literature search strategies</h3><p id="niceng210er7.appb.et1"><a href="/books/NBK579554/bin/niceng210er7-appb-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Literature search strategies for review question: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers? (Qualitative)</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 588K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng210er7.appc"><h3>Appendix C. Clinical evidence study selection</h3><p id="niceng210er7.appc.et1"><a href="/books/NBK579554/bin/niceng210er7-appc-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Study selection for: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 222K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng210er7.appd"><h3>Appendix D. Evidence tables</h3><p id="niceng210er7.appd.et1"><a href="/books/NBK579554/bin/niceng210er7-appd-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Evidence tables for review question: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 723K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng210er7.appe"><h3>Appendix E. Forest plots</h3><div id="niceng210er7.appe.s1"><h4>Forest plots for review question: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</h4><p>No meta-analysis was conducted for this review question and so there are no forest plots.</p></div></div><div id="niceng210er7.appf"><h3>Appendix F. GRADE CERQual tables</h3><p id="niceng210er7.appf.et1"><a href="/books/NBK579554/bin/niceng210er7-appf-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">GRADE tables for review question: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 454K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng210er7.appg"><h3>Appendix G. Economic evidence study selection</h3><p id="niceng210er7.appg.et1"><a href="/books/NBK579554/bin/niceng210er7-appg-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Economic evidence study selection for review question: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 300K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng210er7.apph"><h3>Appendix H. Economic evidence tables</h3><div id="niceng210er7.apph.s1"><h4>Economic evidence tables for review question: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</h4><p>No evidence was identified which was applicable to this review question.</p></div></div><div id="niceng210er7.appi"><h3>Appendix I. Economic evidence profiles</h3><div id="niceng210er7.appi.s1"><h4>Economic evidence profiles for review question: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</h4><p>No economic evidence was identified which was applicable to this review question.</p></div></div><div id="niceng210er7.appj"><h3>Appendix J. Economic analysis</h3><div id="niceng210er7.appj.s1"><h4>Economic evidence analysis for review question: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</h4><p>No economic analysis was conducted for this review question.</p></div></div><div id="niceng210er7.appk"><h3>Appendix K. Excluded studies</h3><div id="niceng210er7.appk.s1"><h4>Excluded studies for review question: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</h4></div><div id="niceng210er7.appk.s2"><h4>Clinical studies</h4><p>It should look like this</p><p id="niceng210er7.appk.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.appk.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng210er7appktab1" class="figpopup">Table 15. Excluded studies and reasons for their exclusion</a></p></div><div id="niceng210er7.appk.s3"><h4>Economic studies</h4><p>No economic evidence was identified for this review.</p></div></div><div id="niceng210er7.appl"><h3>Appendix L. Research recommendations</h3><p id="niceng210er7.appl.et1"><a href="/books/NBK579554/bin/niceng210er7-appl-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Research recommendations for review question: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 311K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng210er7.appm"><h3>Appendix M. Thematic maps</h3><p id="niceng210er7.appm.et1"><a href="/books/NBK579554/bin/niceng210er7-appm-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Figure 3. Thematic map for the information valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 572K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng210er7.appn"><h3>Appendix N. Quotes supporting themes</h3><p id="niceng210er7.appn.et1"><a href="/books/NBK579554/bin/niceng210er7-appn-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Quotes supporting themes for the review question: What information is valued by women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction and their partners or carers?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 305K)</span></p></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><div><p>Final</p></div><div><p>Evidence review underpinning recommendations 1.4.1 to 1.4.6 (except first bullet of 1.4.5) as well as 1.5.3 and 1.6.4 and a research recommendation in the NICE guideline</p><p>These evidence reviews were developed by the National Guideline Alliance which is a part of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists</p></div><div><p><b>Disclaimer</b>: The recommendations in this guideline represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or service users. The recommendations in this guideline are not mandatory and the guideline does not override the responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or their carer or guardian.</p><p>Local commissioners and/or providers have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual health professionals and their patients or service users wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with compliance with those duties.</p><p>NICE guidelines cover health and care in England. Decisions on how they apply in other UK countries are made by ministers in the <a href="http://wales.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Welsh Government</a>, <a href="http://www.scotland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Scottish Government</a>, and <a href="http://www.northernireland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Northern Ireland Executive</a>. All NICE guidance is subject to regular review and may be updated or withdrawn.</p></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © NICE 2021.</div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK579554</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35438871" title="PubMed record of this title" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">35438871</a></span></div></div><div class="small-screen-prev"></div><div class="small-screen-next"></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng210er7tab1"><div id="niceng210er7.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 1</span><span class="title">Summary of the protocol (PICO table)</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng210er7.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><tbody><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng210er7.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng210er7.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Women and young women (aged 12 years and older) with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Partners of women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Carers of women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Parents or carers of young women (under 18 years) with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng210er7.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Phenomenon of interest</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng210er7.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Information which is considered valuable or helpful for women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction, their partners and/or their carers. This information should be specific to women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction. For example information regarding their symptoms or managing their symptoms.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng210er7.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Context</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng210er7.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Included studies will be relevant for developing and improving information provided to women with symptoms associated with pelvic floor dysfunction within a health care setting.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng210er7.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcome</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng210er7.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><b>Themes identified from the included literature. Themes considered potentially relevant by the committee included:</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Managing symptoms over time and in the day to day</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Empowering self-management</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>PFD in relation to pregnancy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessing information</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Having information that is understandable/accessible/adaptable to their own situation</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Understanding and explaining prognosis, and the anatomy of the pelvic floor (PF)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Understanding treatment options</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Understanding what the symptoms of PFD are</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Incidence of PFD, information about how “normal” their situation is and how common are their symptoms</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Support networks (including web support, support groups, being told what support is out there/if any)</div></li></ul>
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<p>The identified themes may not be found in the literature, and additional themes not listed may be identified.</p>
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</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">PF: pelvic floor; PFD: pelvic floor dysfunction</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng210er7tab2"><div id="niceng210er7.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 2</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng210er7.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Population</th><th id="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Methods</th><th id="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Themes applied after thematic analysis</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref1" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref1">Andersson 2009</a>
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</p>
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<p>Qualitative study</p>
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<p>Sweden</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>N=14 Syrian women living in Sweden who had either experienced UI themselves, or who had helped relatives with UI.</p>
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<p>Age (range): 30-80+ years</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p><b>Setting:</b> Not reported</p>
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<p><b>Data collection:</b> Three focus group discussions of 4-6 women</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – language</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – difficulties with access</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Style of communication</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Support networks</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lack of information or knowledge</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref2" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref2">Bjork 2014</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>Sweden</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=21 women aged 18 to 70 who had SUI at least once weekly</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean, range): 47.6, 30-69 years</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> Over the telephone</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> Telephone interviews</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – difficulties with access</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref3" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref3">Buurman 2013</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>The Netherlands</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N= 26 postpartum women with varying pelvic floor problems, including pain, sexual problems, UI, haemorrhoids, other micturition problems, prolapse, defecation problems, vaginal flatulence and anal flatulence</p>
|
|
<p>Age (n), years:
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>20-24: 3</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>25-29: 6</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>30-35: 10</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>36-40: 7</div></li></ul></p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> Not reported</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> face-to-face interviews</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Style of communication</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sources of information</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Support networks</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lack of information or knowledge</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Prevalence</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Pelvic floor disorders in relation to pregnancy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Information provides relief</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref4" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref4">Cichowski 2014</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=11 women diagnosed with FI, with symptoms for at least 3 months</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 56 years</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> Not reported</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> Two focus groups of 5-6 women</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Style of communication</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref5" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref5">Dunivan 2014</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=58 women with a diagnosis of POP who spoke either Spanish or English</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean, range):
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>English speaking women 63.8 (33-90) years</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Spanish speaking women 56.6 (46-77) years</div></li></ul></p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> Three separate academic urology and urogynaecology centres</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> Eight focus group of 6-8 women (4 in English, 4 in Spanish)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – language</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Support networks</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lack of information or knowledge</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Prevalence</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Information provides relief</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref6" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref6">Kiyosaki 2012</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=20 women with pelvic floor disorders (UI or POP)</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean, range): 60.5 (31-87) years</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> Clinical</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> Interviews before and after a physician visit</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lack of information or knowledge</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Information provides relief</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref7" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref7">Pakbaz 2011</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>Sweden</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=14 women with symptomatic POP</p>
|
|
<p>Age (median, range): 56.5 (42-79) years</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> Hospital (n=13) or the participants’ home (n=1)</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> In-depth semi-structured interviews</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Style of communication</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sources of information</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – difficulties with access</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Pelvic floor disorders in the media</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lack of information or knowledge</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Prevalence</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref8" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref8">Pintos-Diaz 2019</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>Spain</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=18 women attending a specialised UI centre for UI (SUI, UUI or MUI)</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean, range): 47.32 (23-58) years</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> A private room at the UI centre</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> In-depth interviews and participants’ letters</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – difficulties with access</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Prevalence</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref9" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref9">Rasmussen 2010</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>Denmark</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=9 women with FI caused by anal sphincter rupture due to a childbirth and lasting for at least 6 months</p>
|
|
<p>Age (median, range): 35 (28-50) years</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> Interviewer’s office (n=2) or the participants’ home (n=7)</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> Informal, conversational individual interviews</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Style of communication</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – difficulties with access</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref10" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref10">Sevilla 2013</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=27 Spanish speaking women with a chief complaint suggestive of POP or any type of UI</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean, range): 55.5 (41-71) years</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> Not reported</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> short interviews before and after an encounter with the physician</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – language</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sources of information</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lack of information or knowledge</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref11" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref11">Siddiqui 2016</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=113 White, Black or Latina women with frequent UI (UI daily or weekly)</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean, SD):
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>White women 48.1 (16.9)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Black women 47.12 (9.9)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Latina women 38.4 (14.4)</div></li></ul></p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> Not reported</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> Twelve focus groups</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Style of communication</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sources of information</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – difficulties with access</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Support networks</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Pelvic floor disorders in the media</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lack of information or knowledge</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Prevalence</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref12" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref12">Smith 2011</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=33 women with a confirmed diagnosis of OAB</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean, range): 67 (39-91 years)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> Not reported</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> Five focus groups</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sources of information</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Support networks</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lack of information or knowledge</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref13" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref13">Smith 2019</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>Canada</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=9 women who used some form of absorbent product to manage UI or dual UI and FI</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean, range): 70 (55-84) years</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> A private room in participating clinics, at the research team’s university office, or by telephone</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> Semi-structured interviews</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Style of communication</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sources of information</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – difficulties with access</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref14" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref14">Van den Muijenbergh 2006</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>The Netherlands</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=30 Moroccan and Turkish migrant women with UI</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean, SD): 45 (9) years</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> The patient’s home or at their doctor’s surgery</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> Semi-structured in-depth interviews</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Style of communication</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a class="bibr" href="#niceng210er7.s1.1.ref15" rid="niceng210er7.s1.1.ref15">Wieslander 2015</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Qualitative study</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>N=58 women with symptomatic POP</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean, range):
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>English speaking women 63.8 (33-90) years</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Spanish speaking women 56.6 (46-77) years</div></li></ul></p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p><b>Setting:</b> Four separate medical centres</p>
|
|
<p><b>Data collection:</b> Eight focus groups of 8 women</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – language</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Accessibility of information – difficulties with access</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sources of information</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Lack of information or knowledge</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Information provides relief</div></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">FI: faecal incontinence; MUI: mixed urinary incontinence; OAB: overactive bladder; POP: pelvic organ prolapse; SD: Standard deviation; UUI: urge urinary incontinence; UI: urinary incontinence; SUI: stress urinary incontinence</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng210er7appktab1"><div id="niceng210er7.appk.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 15</span><span class="title">Excluded studies and reasons for their exclusion</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK579554/table/niceng210er7.appk.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng210er7.appk.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Reason Tor exclusion</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Anger, J. T, Khan, A, Smith, A. L, Nissim, H. A, Le, T. X, Sarkisian, C. A, Maliski, S. L, Litwin, M. S, Raz, S, Rodriguez, L. V., Misconceptions and miscommunication among aging women with OAB, Journal of Urology, 181, 565, 2009 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3014400/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3014400</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20970839" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20970839</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No qualitative data on phenomena of interest.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Basu, M, Wise, B, Duckett, J., A qualitative study of women’s preferences for treatment of pelvic floor disorders, BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 118, 338–344, 2011 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21134102" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21134102</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No qualitative data on phenomena of interest.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Chiarelli, P, Cockburn, J., The development of a physiotherapy continence promotion program using a customer focus, Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 45, 111–119, 1999 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11676756" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11676756</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Doshani, A, Pitchforth, E, Mayne, C. J, Tincello, D. G., Culturally sensitive continence care: A qualitative study among South Asian Indian women in Leicester, Family Practice, 24, 585–593, 2007 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17962234" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17962234</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Filipetto, Frank A, Fulda, Kimberly G, Holthusen, Amy E, McKeithen, Thomas M, McFadden, Pam, The patient perspective on overactive bladder: a mixed-methods needs assessment, BMC family practice, 15, 96, 2014 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4030445/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4030445</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24885491" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24885491</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Gonzalez, G, Vaculik, K, Khalil, C, Zektser, Y, Arnold, C, Almario, C. V, Spiegel, B. M. R, Anger, J. T., Women’s Experience with Stress Urinary Incontinence: Insights from Social Media Analytics, The Journal of urology, 2019 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9354536/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC9354536</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31855097" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31855097</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not a qualitative study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Gonzalez, G, Zekster, Y, Khalil, C, Vaculik, K, Arnold, C, Almario, C. V, Spiegel, B. M. R, Anger, J. T., A large-scale social media analysis of overactive bladder posts: what do patients know and want to know?, Journal of Urology, 201, e122–e123, 2019 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33710426" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 33710426</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Gonzalez, G, Zekster, Y, Khalil, C, Vaculik, K, Arnold, C, Almario, C. V, Spiegel, B. M. R, Anger, J. T., Using digital ethnography to understand the biopsychosocial illness experience of women suffering from pelvic organ prolapse, Journal of Urology, 201, e12, 2019
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Gonzalez, G, Zektser, Y, Khalil, C, Vaculik, K, Arnold, C, Almario, C. V, Spiegel, B. M. R, Anger, J. T., Using digital ethnography to understand the biopsychosocial illness experience of women suffering from pelvic organ prolapse, Neurourology and Urodynamics, 38, S231, 2019
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Gonzalez, G, Zektser, Y, Khalil, C, Vaculik, K, Arnold, C, Almario, C. V, Spiegel, B. M. R, Anger, J. T., Women’s experience with stress urinary incontinence: insights from a qualitative social media analysis, Neurourology and Urodynamics, 38, S91–S92, 2019 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9354536/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC9354536</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31855097" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 31855097</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Gonzalez, G, Zektser, Y, Vaculik, K, Khalil, C, Arnold, C, Almario, C. V, Spiegel, B. M. R, Anger, J. T., A large-scale social media analysis of overactive bladder posts: What do patients know and want to know?, Neurourology and Urodynamics, 38, S135–S136, 2019 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33710426" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 33710426</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Hatchett, Lena, Hebert-Beirne, Jennifer, Tenfelde, Sandi, Lavender, Missy D, Brubaker, Linda, Knowledge and perceptions of pelvic floor disorders among african american and latina women, Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, 17, 190–4, 2011 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22453850" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22453850</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Hazewinkel, M. H, Sprangers, M. A. G, Taminiau-Bloem, E. F, Van Der Velden, J, Burger, M. P. M, Roovers, J. P. W. R., Reasons for not seeking medical help for severe pelvic floor symptoms: A qualitative study in survivors of gynaecological cancer, BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 117, 39–46, 2010 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19874292" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19874292</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Heit, M, Blackwell, L, Kelly, S., Adapting the theory of care seeking behavior to the clinical problem of urinary incontinence, Journal of Pelvic Medicine and Surgery, 14, 29–35, 2008
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not a qualitative study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Khan, A, Sevilla, C, Rashid, R, Wieslander, C, Maliski, S, Rogers, R, Anger, J., Identifying barriers to communication and disease understanding among spanish-speaking latinas with pelvic floor disorders, Neurourology and Urodynamics, 30, 248–249, 2011
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Liapis, A, Bakas, P, Liapi, S, Sioutis, D, Creatsas, G., Epidemiology of female urinary incontinence in the Greek population: EURIG study, International Urogynecology Journal, 21, 217–222, 2010 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19936999" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19936999</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not a qualitative study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Lyatoshinskaya, P, Gumina, D, Popov, A, Koch, M, Hagmann, M, Umek, W., Knowledge of pelvic organ prolapse in patients and their information-seeking preferences: comparing Vienna and Moscow, International Urogynecology Journal, 27, 1673–1680, 2016 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5065889/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5065889</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27116197" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27116197</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not a qualitative study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Makara-Studzinska, M, Madej, A, Trypka, E, Leszek, J, Tarasov, V. V, Ashraf, G. M, Yarla, N. S, Samsonova, A. N, Aliev, G., Quality of life and social support in women with urinary incontinence, Current Women’s Health Reviews, 15, 123–129, 2019
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not a qualitative study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Pakbaz, M, Persson, M, Lofgren, M, Mogren, I., ‘A hidden disorder until the pieces fall into place’ - a qualitative study of vaginal prolapse, BMC Women’s Health, 10 (no pagination), 2010 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2887767/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2887767</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20497526" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20497526</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not a qualitative study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Paterson, J, Dunn, S, Kowanko, I, van Loon, A, Stein, I, Pretty, L., Selection of continence products: perspectives of people who have incontinence and their carers, Disability & Rehabilitation, 25, 955–63, 2003 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12851083" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12851083</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Santini, S, Andersson, G, Lamura, G., Impact of incontinence on the quality of life of caregivers of older persons with incontinence: A qualitative study in four European countries, Archives of Gerontology & Geriatrics, 63, 92–101, 2016 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26620553" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26620553</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population includes men and results not presented separately for women</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Sevilla, C, Horton, C, Volpe, K, Baezconde-Garbanati, L, Unger, J, Stern, M, Rodriguez, L., Factors contributing to health disparities in spanish-speaking latina women with pelvic floor disorders, Neurourology and Urodynamics, 38, S233–S234, 2019
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Sevilla, C, Horton, C, Volpe, K, Unger, J, Stern, M, Rodriguez, L., Factors contributing to health disparities in Spanish-speaking latina women with pelvic floor disorders, Journal of Urology, 201, e11, 2019
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Shaw, C, Williams, K. S, Assassa, R. P., Patients’ views of a new nurse-led continence service, Journal of Clinical Nursing, 9, 574–582, 2000 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11261138" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11261138</span></a>]
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Vardeman, J, Antosh, D, Muir, T, Spiers, A., Perceptions of pelvic floor disorders in community dwelling women in the United States, International Urogynecology Journal, 29, S120, 2018
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abstract</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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Vardeman, J, Antosh, D. D, Muir, T. W, Spiers, A., Perceptions of pelvic floor disorders in community dwelling women in the united states, Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, 24, S151–S152, 2018
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng210er7.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abstract</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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