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organisation and delivery of care for people with PTSD" /></a></div><div class="bkr_bib"><h1 id="_NBK560207_"><span itemprop="name">Evidence reviews for organisation and delivery of care for people with PTSD</span></h1><div class="subtitle">Post-traumatic stress disorder</div><p><b>Evidence review I</b></p><p><i>NICE Guideline, No. 116</i></p><p class="contrib-group"><h4>Authors</h4><span itemprop="author">National Guideline Alliance (UK)</span>.</p><div class="half_rhythm">London: <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk" ref="pagearea=meta&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=publisher"><span itemprop="publisher">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)</span></a>; <span itemprop="datePublished">2018 Dec</span>.<div class="small">ISBN-13: <span itemprop="isbn">978-1-4731-3181-1</span></div></div><div><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> &#x000a9; NICE 2018.</div></div><div class="bkr_clear"></div></div><div id="ch9.s1"><h2 id="_ch9_s1_">Organisation and delivery or care for people with PTSD</h2><p>This evidence report contains information on 1 review relating to the treatment of PTSD.</p><ul id="ch9.l1"><li id="ch9.lt1" class="half_rhythm"><div>Review question 7.1 Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?</div></li></ul><div id="ch9.s1.1"><h3>Review question 7.1 Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?</h3><div id="ch9.s1.1.1"><h4>Introduction</h4><p>The committee agreed that by conducting an evidence review on the clinical and cost effectiveness of service delivery models for people with PTSD, that the recommendations should improve the care that people with PTSD currently receive, reinforce current best practice and help to reduce variation in clinical practice as provision is variable or non-existent in some cases.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.1.2"><h4>Summary of the protocol (PICO table)</h4><p>Please see <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab1" rid-ob="figobch9tab1">Table 1</a> for a summary of the population, intervention, comparison and outcomes (PICO) characteristics of this review.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 1" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab1" rid-ob="figobch9tab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab1/?report=previmg" alt="Table 1. Summary of the protocol (PICO table)." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab1">Table 1</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of the protocol (PICO table). </p></div></div><p>For full protocol, see <a href="#ch9.appa">Appendix A &#x02013; Review protocols</a></p></div><div id="ch9.s1.1.3"><h4>Methods and process</h4><p>This evidence review was developed using the methods and process described in Developing NICE guidelines: the manual; see the <a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/bm1.pdf">methods</a> chapter for further information. Methods specific to this review question are described in <a href="#ch9.appa">Appendix A &#x02013; Review protocols</a>.</p><p>Declarations of interest were recorded according to NICE&#x02019;s 2014 and 2018 conflicts of interest policies.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.1.4"><h4>Clinical evidence</h4><div id="ch9.s1.1.4.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>Out of 73 articles for full assessment, 31 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were identified and included in this review. For details of article selection, please refer to <a href="#ch9.appc">Appendix C</a>. Interventions included Technology based therapies, Collaborative Care, Engagement strategies, Information and support, Stepped care, School based therapies and Motivational enhancement strategies; these interventions are presented in separate sections below. Please refer to <a href="#ch9.appd">Appendix D</a> for characteristics of included studies.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.1.4.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>Five RCTs were identified and excluded from this review. Excluded studies and reasons for their exclusion can be found in <a href="#ch9.appk">Appendix K</a>.</p></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.2.1"><h4>Technology based therapies: Clinical evidence</h4><div id="ch9.s1.2.1.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>Eight RCTs were included; seven RCTs compared delivery of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) via telehealth versus in-person TF-CBT (Acierno 2016; Acierno 2017; Frueh 2007; Maieritsch 2015; Morland 2014; Morland 2015; Strachen 2012). One RCT compared electronically assisted TF-CBT to standard TF-CBT (Ruggiero 2016).</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.2.1.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>No RCTs were identified and excluded from this review.</p></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.2.2"><h4>Summary of clinical studies included</h4><p><a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab2" rid-ob="figobch9tab2">Table 2</a> and <i>BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; CBT=Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; CPT=Cognitive Processing Therapy; DSM=Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders; ICD= International statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problems; N=Number of participants; NR=Not reported; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; RCT=randomised controlled trial; TF-CBT =Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; TMH=Tele-Mental Health; VTC=Video Teleconferencing</i></p><p>
<i><sup>1</sup>Acierno 2016; <sup>2</sup>Acierno 2017; <sup>3</sup>Frueh 2007; <sup>4</sup>Maieritsch 2015; <sup>5</sup>Morland 2014; <sup>6</sup>Morland 2015; <sup>7</sup>Strachen 2012;</i>
</p><p><a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab3" rid-ob="figobch9tab3">Table 3</a> provide a brief summary of the included studies, and evidence from these are summarised in the clinical GRADE evidence profiles below (<a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab4" rid-ob="figobch9tab4">Table 4</a> and <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab5" rid-ob="figobch9tab5">Table 5</a>).</p><p>See also the literature search strategy in <a href="#ch9.appb">appendix B</a>, study selection flow chart in <a href="#ch9.appc">appendix C</a>, clinical evidence tables in <a href="#ch9.appd">appendix D</a>, forest plots in <a href="#ch9.appe">appendix E</a> and full GRADE tables in <a href="#ch9.appf">appendix F</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 2" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab2" rid-ob="figobch9tab2"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab2/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab2/?report=previmg" alt="Table 2. Summary of included studies: Telehealth versus in-person TF-CBT." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab2">Table 2</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies: Telehealth versus in-person TF-CBT. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab3"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 3" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab3" rid-ob="figobch9tab3"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab3/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab3/?report=previmg" alt="Table 3. Summary of included studies: Technology based TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab3"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab3">Table 3</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies: Technology based TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT. </p></div></div><p>See <a href="#ch9.appd">appendix D</a> for full evidence tables.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.2.3"><h4>Quality assessment of clinical studies included in the evidence review</h4><p>The clinical evidence profiles for this review (tele-health TF-CBT versus In-person TF-CBT and Technology supported TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT) are presented in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab4" rid-ob="figobch9tab4">Table 4</a> and <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab5" rid-ob="figobch9tab5">Table 5</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab4"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 4" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab4" rid-ob="figobch9tab4"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab4/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab4/?report=previmg" alt="Table 4. Summary clinical evidence profile: Telehealth TF-CBT versus In-person TF-CBT." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab4"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab4">Table 4</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary clinical evidence profile: Telehealth TF-CBT versus In-person TF-CBT. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab5"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 5" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab5" rid-ob="figobch9tab5"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab5/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab5/?report=previmg" alt="Table 5. Summary clinical evidence profile: Technology based TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab5"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab5">Table 5</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary clinical evidence profile: Technology based TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT. </p></div></div><p>See <a href="#ch9.appf">appendix F</a> for full GRADE tables.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.2.4"><h4>Collaborative Care: Clinical evidence</h4><div id="ch9.s1.2.4.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>Seven RCTs were included, these studies compared collaborative care programs to treatment as usual (TAU) (Battersby 2013; Browne 2013; Fortney 2015; Meredith 2016; Schnurr 2013; Zatzick 2013; Zatzick 2017).</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.2.4.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>One RCT was identified and excluded from this review, details of this study are presented in <a href="#ch9.appk">Appendix K</a>.</p></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.1"><h4>Summary of clinical studies included</h4><p>See also the literature search strategy in <a href="#ch9.appb">appendix B</a>, study selection flow chart in <a href="#ch9.appc">appendix C</a>, clinical evidence tables in <a href="#ch9.appd">appendix D</a>, forest plots in <a href="#ch9.appe">appendix E</a> and full GRADE tables in <a href="#ch9.appf">appendix F</a>.</p><p><a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab6" rid-ob="figobch9tab6">Table 6</a> provides a brief summary of the included studies, and evidence from these are summarised in the clinical GRADE profile below (<a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab7" rid-ob="figobch9tab7">Table 7</a>).</p><p>See also the literature search strategy in <a href="#ch9.appb">appendix B</a>, study selection flow chart in <a href="#ch9.appc">appendix C</a>, clinical evidence tables in <a href="#ch9.appd">appendix D</a>, forest plots in <a href="#ch9.appe">appendix E</a> and full GRADE tables in <a href="#ch9.appf">appendix F</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab6"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 6" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab6" rid-ob="figobch9tab6"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab6/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab6/?report=previmg" alt="Table 6. Summary of included studies: Collaborative Care." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab6"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab6">Table 6</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies: Collaborative Care. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.2"><h4>Quality assessment of clinical studies included in the evidence review</h4><p>The clinical evidence profiles for this review (collaborative care versus TAU) are presented in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab7" rid-ob="figobch9tab7">Table 7</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab7"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 7" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab7" rid-ob="figobch9tab7"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab7/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab7/?report=previmg" alt="Table 7. Summary clinical evidence profile: Collaborative care verse TAU." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab7"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab7">Table 7</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary clinical evidence profile: Collaborative care verse TAU. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.3"><h4>Engagement strategies: Clinical evidence</h4><div id="ch9.s1.3.3.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>Seven RCTs were included; six RCTs compared Engagement strategies to TAU (<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref16" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref16">Dorsey 2014</a>; <a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref17" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref17">Rosen 2013</a>; <a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref19" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref19">Stecker 2014</a>; <a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref21" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref21">Watts 2015</a>; <a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref22" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref22">Zatzick 2015</a>; <a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref18" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref18">Rosen 2017</a>) and one RCT compared Engagement strategies to Trauma informed care (TIC) (<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref20" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref20">Tecic 2011</a>)</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.3.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>No RCTs were identified and excluded from this review.</p></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.4"><h4>Summary of clinical studies included</h4><p><a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab8" rid-ob="figobch9tab8">Table 8</a> and <i>BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; CBT=Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; N=Number of participants; DSM=Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders; ICD= International statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problem; NR=Not Reported; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; TAU=Treatment as usual</i></p><p>
<i><sup>1</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref16" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref16">Dorsey 2014</a>; <sup>2</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref17" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref17">Rosen 2013</a>; <sup>3</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref19" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref19">Stecker 2014</a>; <sup>4</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref21" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref21">Watts 2015</a>; <sup>5</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref22" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref22">Zatzick 2015</a>; <sup>6</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref18" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref18">Rosen 2017</a>;</i>
</p><p><a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab9" rid-ob="figobch9tab9">Table 9</a> provide a brief summary of the included studies, and evidence from these are summarised in the clinical GRADE profiles below (<a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab10" rid-ob="figobch9tab10">Table 10</a> and <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab11" rid-ob="figobch9tab11">Table 11</a>).</p><p>See also the literature search strategy in <a href="#ch9.appb">appendix B</a>, study selection flow chart in <a href="#ch9.appc">appendix C</a>, clinical evidence tables in <a href="#ch9.appd">appendix D</a>, forest plots in <a href="#ch9.appe">appendix E</a> and full GRADE tables in <a href="#ch9.appf">appendix F</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab8"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 8" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab8" rid-ob="figobch9tab8"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab8/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab8/?report=previmg" alt="Table 8. Summary of included studies: Engagement strategies versus TAU." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab8"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab8">Table 8</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies: Engagement strategies versus TAU. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab9"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 9" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab9" rid-ob="figobch9tab9"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab9/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab9/?report=previmg" alt="Table 9. Summary of included studies: Engagement strategies versus TIC." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab9"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab9">Table 9</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies: Engagement strategies versus TIC. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.5"><h4>Quality assessment of clinical studies included in the evidence review</h4><p>The clinical evidence profiles for this review (Engagement strategies versus TAU and Engagement strategies versus TIC) are presented in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab10" rid-ob="figobch9tab10">Table 10</a> and <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab11" rid-ob="figobch9tab11">Table 11</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab10"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 10" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab10" rid-ob="figobch9tab10"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab10/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab10/?report=previmg" alt="Table 10. Summary clinical evidence profile: Engagement strategies versus TAU." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab10"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab10">Table 10</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary clinical evidence profile: Engagement strategies versus TAU. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab11"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 11" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab11" rid-ob="figobch9tab11"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab11/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab11/?report=previmg" alt="Table 11. Summary clinical evidence profile: Engagement strategies versus TIC." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab11"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab11">Table 11</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary clinical evidence profile: Engagement strategies versus TIC. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.6"><h4>Information and support: Clinical evidence</h4><div id="ch9.s1.3.6.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>Six RCTs were included; four RCTs compared information and support to TAU (<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref23" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref23">Carson 2016</a>; <a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref25" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref25">Colville 2010</a>; <a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref26" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref26">Jabre 2014</a>; <a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref28" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref28">Samuel 2015</a>), one RCT compared family conference with a nurse to family conference without a nurse (<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref25" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref25">Garrouste-Orgeas 2016</a>), and one RCT compared using decision aids to placebo (<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref27" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref27">Mott 2014</a>).</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.6.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>No RCTs were identified and excluded from this review.</p></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.7"><h4>Summary of clinical studies included</h4><p>See also the literature search strategy in <a href="#ch9.appb">appendix B</a>, study selection flow chart in <a href="#ch9.appc">appendix C</a>, clinical evidence tables in <a href="#ch9.appd">appendix D</a>, forest plots in <a href="#ch9.appe">appendix E</a> and full GRADE tables in <a href="#ch9.appf">appendix F</a>.</p><p><a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab12" rid-ob="figobch9tab12">Table 12</a>, <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab13" rid-ob="figobch9tab13">Table 13</a> and <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab14/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab14" rid-ob="figobch9tab14">Table 14</a> and provide a brief summary of the included studies. Evidence from these are summarised in the clinical GRADE profiles below (<a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab15" rid-ob="figobch9tab15">Table 15</a>, <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab16" rid-ob="figobch9tab16">Table 16</a> and <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab17" rid-ob="figobch9tab17">Table 17</a>).</p><p>See also the literature search strategy in <a href="#ch9.appb">appendix B</a>, study selection flow chart in <a href="#ch9.appc">appendix C</a>, clinical evidence tables in <a href="#ch9.appd">appendix D</a>, forest plots in <a href="#ch9.appe">appendix E</a> and full GRADE tables in <a href="#ch9.appf">appendix F</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab12"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 12" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab12" rid-ob="figobch9tab12"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab12/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab12/?report=previmg" alt="Table 12. Summary of included studies: Information and support versus TAU." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab12"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab12">Table 12</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies: Information and support versus TAU. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab13"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 13" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab13" rid-ob="figobch9tab13"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab13/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab13/?report=previmg" alt="Table 13. Summary of included studies: Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab13"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab13">Table 13</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies: Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab14"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab14/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 14" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab14" rid-ob="figobch9tab14"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab14/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab14/?report=previmg" alt="Table 14. Summary of included studies: Decision aids versus placebo session." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab14"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab14/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab14">Table 14</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies: Decision aids versus placebo session. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.8"><h4>Quality assessment of clinical studies included in the evidence review</h4><p>The clinical evidence profiles for this review (Information and support versus TAU, family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse and Decision aids versus placebo session) are presented in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab15" rid-ob="figobch9tab15">Table 15</a>, <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab16" rid-ob="figobch9tab16">Table 16</a>, and <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab17" rid-ob="figobch9tab17">Table 17</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab15"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 15" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab15" rid-ob="figobch9tab15"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab15/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab15/?report=previmg" alt="Table 15. Summary clinical evidence profile: Information and support versus TAU." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab15"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab15">Table 15</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary clinical evidence profile: Information and support versus TAU. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab16"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 16" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab16" rid-ob="figobch9tab16"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab16/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab16/?report=previmg" alt="Table 16. Summary clinical evidence profile: family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab16"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab16">Table 16</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary clinical evidence profile: family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab17"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 17" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab17" rid-ob="figobch9tab17"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab17/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab17/?report=previmg" alt="Table 17. Summary clinical evidence profile: Decision aids versus placebo session." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab17"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab17">Table 17</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary clinical evidence profile: Decision aids versus placebo session. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.9"><h4>Stepped Care: Clinical evidence</h4><div id="ch9.s1.3.9.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>One RCT was included comparing stepped care of TF-CBT to standard delivery of TF-CBT (<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref29" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref29">Salloum 2016</a>).</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.9.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>No RCTs were identified and excluded from this review.</p></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.10"><h4>Summary of clinical studies included</h4><p><a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab18/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab18" rid-ob="figobch9tab18">Table 18</a> provides a brief summary of the included study, and evidence from this study is summarised in the clinical GRADE profile below (<a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab19/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab19" rid-ob="figobch9tab19">Table 19</a>).</p><p>See also the literature search strategy in <a href="#ch9.appb">appendix B</a>, study selection flow chart in <a href="#ch9.appc">appendix C</a>, clinical evidence tables in <a href="#ch9.appd">appendix D</a>, forest plots in <a href="#ch9.appe">appendix E</a> and full GRADE tables in <a href="#ch9.appf">appendix F</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab18"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab18/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 18" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab18" rid-ob="figobch9tab18"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab18/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab18/?report=previmg" alt="Table 18. Summary of included studies: Stepped care versus standard TF-CBT." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab18"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab18/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab18">Table 18</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies: Stepped care versus standard TF-CBT. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.11"><h4>Quality assessment of clinical studies included in the evidence review</h4><p>The clinical evidence profile for this review (Stepped Care versus standard delivery of TF-CBT) is presented in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab19/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab19" rid-ob="figobch9tab19">Table 19</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab19"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab19/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 19" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab19" rid-ob="figobch9tab19"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab19/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab19/?report=previmg" alt="Table 19. Summary clinical evidence profile: Stepped Care versus standard delivery of TF-CBT." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab19"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab19/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab19">Table 19</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary clinical evidence profile: Stepped Care versus standard delivery of TF-CBT. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.12"><h4>School based therapies: Clinical evidence</h4><div id="ch9.s1.3.12.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>One RCT was included comparing TF-CBT delivered in school to standard, in-clinic delivery of TF-CBT (<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref30" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref30">Jaycox 2010</a>).</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.12.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>No RCTs were identified and excluded from this review.</p></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.13"><h4>Summary of clinical studies included</h4><p><a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab20/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab20" rid-ob="figobch9tab20">Table 20</a> provides a brief summary of the included study, and evidence from this study is summarised in the clinical GRADE profile below (<a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab21/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab21" rid-ob="figobch9tab21">Table 21</a>).</p><p>See also the literature search strategy in <a href="#ch9.appb">appendix B</a>, study selection flow chart in <a href="#ch9.appc">appendix C</a>, clinical evidence tables in <a href="#ch9.appd">appendix D</a>, forest plots in <a href="#ch9.appe">appendix E</a> and full GRADE tables in <a href="#ch9.appf">appendix F</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab20"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab20/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 20" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab20" rid-ob="figobch9tab20"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab20/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab20/?report=previmg" alt="Table 20. Summary of included studies: School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab20"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab20/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab20">Table 20</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies: School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.14"><h4>Quality assessment of clinical studies included in the evidence review</h4><p>The clinical evidence profile for this review (School based TF-CBT versus In-Clinic TF-CBT) is presented in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab21/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab21" rid-ob="figobch9tab21">Table 21</a></p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab21"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab21/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 21" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab21" rid-ob="figobch9tab21"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab21/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab21/?report=previmg" alt="Table 21. Summary clinical evidence profile: School based TF-CBT versus In-clinic TF-CBT." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab21"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab21/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab21">Table 21</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary clinical evidence profile: School based TF-CBT versus In-clinic TF-CBT. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.15"><h4>Motivational enhancement strategies: Clinical evidence</h4><div id="ch9.s1.3.15.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>One RCT was included comparing Motivational enhancement tools to TAU (<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref31" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref31">Murphy 2009</a>).</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.15.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>No RCTs were identified and excluded from this review.</p></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.16"><h4>Summary of clinical studies included</h4><p><a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab22/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab22" rid-ob="figobch9tab22">Table 22</a> provides a brief summary of the included study, and evidence from this study is summarised in the clinical GRADE profile below (<a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab23/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab23" rid-ob="figobch9tab23">Table 23</a>).</p><p>See also the literature search strategy in <a href="#ch9.appb">appendix B</a>, study selection flow chart in <a href="#ch9.appc">appendix C</a>, clinical evidence tables in <a href="#ch9.appd">appendix D</a>, forest plots in <a href="#ch9.appe">appendix E</a> and full GRADE tables in <a href="#ch9.appf">appendix F</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab22"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab22/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 22" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab22" rid-ob="figobch9tab22"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab22/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab22/?report=previmg" alt="Table 22. Summary of included studies: Motivational enhancement versus TAU." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab22"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab22/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab22">Table 22</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of included studies: Motivational enhancement versus TAU. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.17"><h4>Quality assessment of clinical studies included in the evidence review</h4><p>The clinical evidence profile for this review (Motivational enhancement versus TAU) is presented in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab23/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch9tab23" rid-ob="figobch9tab23">Table 23</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9tab23"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab23/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 23" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9tab23" rid-ob="figobch9tab23"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab23/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab23/?report=previmg" alt="Table 23. Summary clinical evidence profile: Motivational enhancement versus TAU." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.tab23"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab23/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9tab23">Table 23</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary clinical evidence profile: Motivational enhancement versus TAU. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.18"><h4>Economic evidence</h4><div id="ch9.s1.3.18.1"><h5>Included studies</h5><p>The systematic search of economic literature identified 1 study that assessed the cost effectiveness of collaborative care versus standard care for adults with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms (<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref13" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref13">Schnurr 2013</a>) and 1 study that assessed the cost effectiveness of stepped care versus standard care for children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms (<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref29" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref29">Salloum 2016</a>).</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.18.2"><h5>Excluded studies</h5><p>Three economic studies were reviewed at full text and excluded from this review. Two of the studies were excluded as they were non-comparative and one study because the intervention was not targeted at PTSD symptoms. Studies not included in this review with reasons for their exclusion are listed in <a href="#ch9.appk">Appendix K</a>.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.18.3"><h5>Summary of studies included in the economic evidence review</h5><p><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref13" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref13">Schnurr and colleagues (2013)</a> performed a cost consequence analysis alongside a RCT (<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref13" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref13">Schnurr 2013</a>) that compared collaborative care with standard care for veterans with PTSD in the US (N=195, n=146 at 6-month follow-up). The perspective of the analysis was that of the health service. Costs consisted of outpatient visits including intervention, outpatient pharmacy, inpatient care (including pharmacy), and fee-for-service care. National unit costs were used. The primary outcome measure of the analysis was the PTSD symptom severity, measured using the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS). Other outcomes included depression measured using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-20); functioning using the SF-12; and perceived quality of PTSD care and overall care. The time horizon of the analysis was 6 months.</p><p>Collaborative care was found to result in higher total costs, although the difference in costs between the two groups was not statistically significant. In terms of outcomes, there were no significant differences between collaborative and standard care, except in perceived quality of PTSD care, where results were less favourable for collaborative care. The study is partially applicable to the UK and the NICE context as it was conducted in the US and QALY was not used as the outcome measure. The study is characterised by potentially serious limitations, including the relatively small study sample and the rather short time horizon of the analysis.</p><p><a href="/books/n/niceng116er8/?report=reader" class="toc-item">Salloum and colleagues (2016)</a> performed a cost consequence analysis alongside a RCT (<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref29" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref29">Salloum 2016</a>) that compared stepped care with standard care for children with PTSD in the US (N=53; at 3-month follow up: n=47). The perspective of the analysis was reported to be societal and included provider, payer and parent payments including productivity losses. Costs included intervention-related costs only. National unit costs were used. The primary outcome measure of the analysis was the severity of trauma symptoms, rated using the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children (TSCYC, posttraumatic stress (PTS) subscale). Secondary outcomes included the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S), the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), the Diagnostic Infant and Preschool Assessment (DIPA), the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I), the treatment credibility and satisfaction using the ERF and the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ), and the parents&#x02019; assessment of PTSD diagnosis. The time horizon of the analysis was 3 months.</p><p>Stepped care was found to result in significantly lower total costs. In terms of outcomes, stepped care was not inferior to standard care on all variables, except for CBCL externalizing T-scores where stepped care was found to have a lower effect (p =0.09). The study is partially applicable to the UK and the NICE context as it was conducted in the US and QALY was not used as the outcome measure. The study is characterised by potentially serious limitations, including the small study sample, the short time horizon of the analysis and the fact that only intervention-related costs were considered.</p><p>The references of included studies and the economic evidence tables are provided in <a href="#ch9.apph">Appendix H</a>. The economic evidence profiles are shown in <a href="#ch9.appi">Appendix I</a>.</p></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.19"><h4>Economic model</h4><p>No economic modelling was conducted for this question because other topics were agreed as higher priorities for economic evaluation.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.20"><h4>Resource impact</h4><p>The recommendations made by the committee based on this review are not expected to have a substantial impact on resources</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.21"><h4>Clinical evidence statements</h4><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.1"><h5>Technology based intervention</h5><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.1.1"><h5>Telehealth versus in-person TF-CBT</h5><ul id="ch9.l8"><li id="ch9.lt34" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (7 RCTs; N=569) showed lower self-reported PTSD symptoms with Telehealth as compared to in-person care post-treatment, this was statistically significant, but not clinically important at 12 and 26 week time-points. At 52 weeks follow up, in-person therapy showed significantly lower self-reported PTSD symptoms.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt35" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (3 RCTs; N=300) showed a statistically significant improvement (but not clinically important), improvement in clinician rated PTSD symptomology with Telehealth as compared to in-person therapy post-treatment, at 12 and 26 week follow-up.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt36" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (5 RCTs; N=324) showed no significant difference in symptoms of depression with telehealth as compared to in-person therapy at post-treatment, at 12, 26 and 52 week follow-up.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt37" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=23) showed no significant difference in symptoms of anxiety with telehealth as compared to in-person therapy at post-treatment.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt38" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality (5 RCTs; N=673) evidence showed no significant difference in the number of participants who completed a set number of therapy sessions between Telehealth and in-person TF-CBT.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt39" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=21) showed no significant difference in the levels of patient satisfaction between those who received telehealth and those who received in-person TF-CBT.</div></li></ul></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.1.2"><h5>Technology supported TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT</h5><ul id="ch9.l9"><li id="ch9.lt40" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=26) showed those who received technology supported TF-CBT had clinically importantly reduced PTSD symptomology post-treatment as compared to those who received standard TF-CBT, which was statistically significant.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt41" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=26) showed no difference in symptoms of depression post treatment between those who received technology supported TF-CBT and those who received standard TF-CBT.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.2"><h5>Collaborative Care</h5><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.2.1"><h5>Collaborative care versus Treatment as usual</h5><ul id="ch9.l10"><li id="ch9.lt42" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (5 RCTs; N=72-803) showed significantly lower self-reported symptoms of PTSD with collaborative care as compared to TAU at 26, 39 and 52 week follow up. The difference was clinically important at 39 and 52 weeks.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt43" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=355) showed no significant difference in clinician rated PTSD symptomology with collaborative care as compared to TAU.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt44" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (5 RCTs; N=66-803) showed no difference in self-reported symptoms of depression between collaborative care and TAU post-treatment, at 4.3, 13 or 26-week follow up. Data from one study showed a significant difference at 39 and 52-week follow up.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt45" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (2 RCTs; N=460) showed the mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended by those in the collaborative care intervention was significantly higher than those in TAU.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt46" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (2 RCTs; N=460) showed the number of participants completing a set number of psychotherapy sessions was significantly higher in those receiving collaborative care as compared to those receiving TAU.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt47" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (2 RCTs; N=460) showed no difference in adherence to medication with collaborative care as compared to TAU.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.3"><h5>Engagement strategies</h5><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.3.1"><h5>Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual</h5><ul id="ch9.l11"><li id="ch9.lt48" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from low quality evidence (2 RCTs; N=395) showed significantly lower self-reported PTSD symptoms with engagement strategies as compared to TAU at 13-week follow up; however, this was not considered clinically important. There was no difference at all other time-points.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt49" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from low quality evidence (2 RCTs; N=651) showed the mean number of psychotherapy sessions was generally higher in those receiving engagement strategies as compared to TAU, but this was not statistically significant.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt50" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=128) showed the number of participants who arrived at a treatment choice was significantly higher in those who received engagement strategies as compared to TAU.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt51" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT) showed the number of participants seeking PTSD treatment was significantly higher in those who received engagement strategies as compared to TAU.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt52" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (single-RCT analyses; N=209-273) showed the number of participants who completed a set number of psychotherapy sessions was significantly higher in those who received engagement strategies as compared to TAU.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt53" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=121) showed the number of people using the website (<a href="http://afterdeployment.org" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">afterdeployment.org</a>) was significantly higher in those who received engagement strategies as compared to TAU; however, there was no significant difference in the mean time spent using the website.</div></li></ul></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.3.2"><h5>Engagement strategies versus Trauma informed care</h5><ul id="ch9.l12"><li id="ch9.lt54" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=62-65) showed no significant difference in symptoms of PTSD with engagement strategies as compared to TIC (at 26-, 52- and 78-week follow-up).</div></li><li id="ch9.lt55" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=60-66) showed no significant difference in symptoms of depression or anxiety with engagement strategies as compared to TIC (at 26-, 52- and 78- week follow-up).</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.4"><h5>Information and Support</h5><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.4.1"><h5>Information and support versus Treatment as usual</h5><ul id="ch9.l13"><li id="ch9.lt56" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (2 RCTs; N=513) showed the number of people scoring &#x0003e;30 on IES was significantly lower with information and support as compared to TAU at 22-52 week follow-up.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt57" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=71) showed no difference in levels of PTSD symptoms with information and support as compared to TAU at 32-week follow-up.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt58" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (2 RCTs; N=513) showed the number of people scoring 8 or above on the HADS-D questionnaire was significantly lower with information and support as compared to TAU at 22-52 week follow-up.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt59" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (2 RCTs; N=383) showed no difference in symptoms of depression (HADS) with information and support as compared to TAU at 13-32 week follow-up.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt60" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (2 RCTs; N=513) showed no significant difference in the number of people scoring 8 or above on the HADS-A questionnaire with information and support as compared to TAU at 22-52 week follow-up.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt61" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from low quality evidence (2 RCTs; N=383) showed a significant difference in reported levels of anxiety with information and support as compared to TAU; however, this was not considered clinically important at 13-32 week follow-up.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt62" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=570) showed no difference in discontinuation (for any reason) at study/treatment endpoint with information and support as compared to TAU.</div></li></ul></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.4.2"><h5>Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse</h5><ul id="ch9.l14"><li id="ch9.lt63" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=86) showed no significant difference in the number of participants scoring 22 or above on IES-R at 13 week follow up with a family conference with a nurse or a family conference without a nurse.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt64" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=86) showed no significant difference in the number of participants scoring 8 or above on HADS-D questionnaire at 13 week follow up with a family conference with a nurse or a family conference without a nurse.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt65" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=86) showed no significant difference in the number of participants scoring 8 or above on HADS-A questionnaire at 13 week follow up with a family conference with a nurse or a family conference without a nurse.</div></li></ul></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.4.3"><h5>Decision aid session versus placebo session</h5><ul id="ch9.l15"><li id="ch9.lt66" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=20) showed no significant difference in the number of participants completing over 9 psychotherapy sessions between those who received a decision aids session as compared to those receiving a placebo session.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.5"><h5>Stepped Care</h5><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.5.1"><h5>Stepped care TF-CBT versus standard delivery of TF-CBT</h5><ul id="ch9.l16"><li id="ch9.lt67" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=53) showed no significant difference in symptoms of PTSD as measured by TSCYCC with stepped care as compared to TAU at endpoint or 13-week follow-up.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt68" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=53) showed significantly fewer symptoms of PTSD as measured by CGI with stepped care as compared to TAU at endpoint and 13-week follow-up.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.6"><h5>School based Therapies</h5><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.6.1"><h5>School based therapy versus in-clinic therapy</h5><ul id="ch9.l17"><li id="ch9.lt69" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=71) showed significantly fewer symptoms of PTSD with clinic based TF-CBT as compared to school based therapy at 43-week follow-up.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt70" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=71) showed no significant difference in reported levels of depression between school based therapy as clinic based therapy at 43-week follow-up.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt71" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=118) showed the number of children completing therapy sessions was significantly higher in the school based therapy sessions as compared to clinic-based sessions; this data should be regarded with caution due to the methodology discrepancies between interventions.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.7"><h5>Motivational enhancement strategies</h5><div id="ch9.s1.3.21.7.1"><h5>Motivational enhancement strategies versus Trauma informed care</h5><ul id="ch9.l18"><li id="ch9.lt72" class="half_rhythm"><div>Data from very low quality evidence (1 RCT; N=114) showed the number of participants who completed therapy sessions was not significantly different between those who received motivational enhancement or TIC.</div></li></ul></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.22"><h4>Economic evidence statements</h4><div id="ch9.s1.3.22.1"><h5>Collaborative care</h5><ul id="ch9.l19"><li id="ch9.lt73" class="half_rhythm"><div>Evidence from 1 US economic evaluation conducted alongside a RCT (N=195, n=146 at 6-month follow-up) suggests that collaborative care is unlikely to be a cost-effective model of delivery of care for adults with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms. This evidence is partially applicable to the UK context and is characterised by potentially serious methodological limitations.</div></li></ul></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.22.2"><h5>Stepped care</h5><ul id="ch9.l20"><li id="ch9.lt74" class="half_rhythm"><div>Evidence from 1 US economic evaluation conducted alongside a RCT (N=53; at 3-month follow up: n=47) suggests that stepped care is likely to be a cost-effective model of delivery of care for children with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms. This evidence is partially applicable to the UK context and is characterised by potentially serious methodological limitations.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23"><h4>The committee&#x02019;s discussion of the evidence</h4><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1"><h5>Interpreting the evidence</h5><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.1"><h5>The outcomes that matter most</h5><p>Critical outcomes were measures of PTSD symptom improvement on validated scales and prevention of PTSD (as measured by the number of people with a diagnosis or scoring above clinical threshold on a validated scale at endpoint or follow-up). Quality of life, access to treatment and uptake of treatment were also critical outcomes, although data for these outcomes was limited. The committee considered healthcare utilization, satisfaction/preference, anxiety about treatment, and symptoms of a coexisting condition (including anxiety and depression) as important but not critical outcomes. This distinction was based on the primacy of preventing PTSD and of improving access to effective treatment, whilst acknowledging that broader measures may be indicators of a general pattern of effect. Generally change scores were favoured over final scores as although in theory randomisation should balance out any differences at baseline, this assumption can be violated by small sample sizes. The committee also expressed a general preference for self-rated PTSD symptomatology over clinician-rated measures, however, in considering service delivery interventions (relative to pharmacological interventions) a greater emphasis was placed on triangulating effects on self-rated PTSD symptomatology with clinician-rated outcome measures, given that the latter but not the former could be blinded.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.2"><h5>The quality of the evidence</h5><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.2.1"><h5>Technology based therapies</h5><p>All interventions included in the review were assessed for risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. In addition, the evidence in the pairwise comparisons was assessed using the GRADE methodology. The quality of the evidence was all considered either low or very low quality. The committee agreed that evidence was generally downgraded due to a lack of blinding of participants, in many cases assessors were also not blinded, or outcomes were based on self-report. There was a high loss to follow up throughout and often studies were small in size, and data imprecise. The committee also wished to highlight the high level of heterogeneity observed across some of the outcomes. The quality for individual comparisons are outlined below.</p><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.2.1.1"><h5>Telehealth</h5><p>The data were considered very low quality due to lack of blinding of personnel and participants. Although the included studies were generally small in size, seven studies were included in total on PTSD symptomology, and results suggest a non-significant difference between telehealth and in person delivery, at least at endpoint and shorter-term follow-ups (up to 6 months). Therefore the evidence was considered convincing, and recommendations to be considered.</p><p>There was some discussion over the fact that the studies on Telehealth were all on US Military veterans, however the committee agreed that the findings were nevertheless relevant to a general UK PTSD population</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.2.1.2"><h5>Technology supported TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT</h5><p>No recommendation was made as data was provided from one very low quality study. The study included 26 participants, the type of trauma was unclear, randomisation methods were unclear, and both assessors and participants were aware of treatment allocation.</p></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.2.2"><h5>Collaborative Care</h5><p>The data was considered very low quality, assessors and participants were not blinded to treatment allocation, randomisation methods were often unclear and heterogeneity was high or very high across different outcomes. Data for PTSD symptomology was consistent across studies and time-points; however large degrees of inconsistency were observed for the number of participants completing therapy sessions.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.2.3"><h5>Engagement Strategies</h5><p>Data was considered either low or very low quality due to lack of blinding of assessors and participants, unclear randomisation methods and high heterogeneity. Six studies reported data on PTSD and depression symptomology, and data were consistent across studies and across time-points. The data on mean number of sessions attended and on the number of participants completing the intervention were less consistent.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.2.4"><h5>Stepped Care</h5><p>The evidence presented was seen to be encouraging by the committee; however, only one study was identified for this section and the outcomes were considered as very low quality due to small sample size, lack of blinding and unclear randomisation and allocation methods.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.2.5"><h5>School based therapies</h5><p>The committee agreed not to recommend school based therapies, as the evidence related to one small, very low quality study. The outcomes were considered very low quality due to small sample size, lack of blinding and unclear randomisation. The study was conducted on children who had a shared trauma, and may not be relevant in other non-shared trauma environments. In addition, the data was considered to be at high risk of bias due to large differences in follow up.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.2.6"><h5>Motivational enhancement strategies</h5><p>The committee agreed not to recommend motivational enhancement, as it was from evidence relating to one small, low quality study. The evidence was considered very low quality due to lack of blinding of participants, randomisation and allocation methods were unclear. In addition the committee discussed the risk of reporting bias due to the way data were presented in the article.</p></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.3"><h5>Benefits and harms</h5><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.3.1"><h5>Technology based therapies</h5><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.3.1.1"><h5>Telehealth</h5><p>The committee concluded that there were a reasonable number of studies with a significant sample size and that the studies consistently showed non-inferiority for trauma focused CBT delivered by video consultation.</p><p>The committee agreed that offering video consultation would facilitate uptake of services. People with PTSD can be quite avoidant of treatment and therefore offering treatment remotely may make therapy more accessible to those who are not comfortable being in a clinical setting. They pointed out that it could also improve access to people who are house bound and those living in remote communities or where there are challenges in travelling to services.</p><p>However, the committee was moderately concerned that telehealth might become the preferred choice to reduce cost if it were to be offered on a routine basis. They agreed that telehealth should then be considered where clinically appropriate, and where it is preferred by the person with PTSD. They also revised recommendations in the access to care section to highlight how video consultation can be considered as a modification to the method and mode of delivery of treatment interventions. Based on their clinical expertise, the committee pointed out that in some situations it may be important that the person with PTSD and therapist develop a working relationship face to face first, and then go onto use telehealth as an option of care, taking into consideration the person&#x02019;s preferences.</p><p>The committee also discussed that video consultation may be clinically inappropriate in some situations: when there are language barriers; where the person has no access to IT equipment; and when people have co-morbidities (for example, in people with a substance misuse problem which may not be picked up via video conferencing facilities). They also noted that in cases where the location of the trauma is the home, video consultation from there would also not be clinically appropriate, and so there was some level of clinical judgment required to establish when face-to-face intervention would be more appropriate, and always taking into account the person&#x02019;s preferences.</p><p>Whilst there was some discussion over the fact that studies on telehealth were all on US Military veterans, the committee believed that the findings were nevertheless relevant to a general UK PTSD population</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.3.1.2"><h5>Technology supported trauma focused CBT versus standard trauma focused CBT</h5><p>No recommendation was made as evidence related to one very low quality study.</p></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.3.2"><h5>Collaborative Care</h5><p>The committee discussed how although the data was supportive of collaborative care, this should really be regarded as a principle of good clinical practice. Co-ordinated care where there is collaboration across health care professionals should be carried out whenever required. Nonetheless, the committee also pointed out that although this should be at the core of good clinical practice, they were aware of inconsistent co-ordinated care in mental health departments across the UK. Therefore, although a specific recommendation was not developed, the committee reinforced the principles of collaboration of care in the recommendations contained under planning treatment (<a href="/books/n/niceng116/?report=reader" class="toc-item">section 1.6</a> of the short guideline).</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.3.3"><h5>Engagement Strategies</h5><p>The committee did not recommend specific engagement strategies, although the evidence comparing engagement strategies to TAU highlighted the importance of encouraging people to engage with services. Therefore, the committee agreed it was important to have systems and strategies in place to help people engage with care. It was discussed that people with PTSD as a group often avoid seeking help, and therefore this was of particular importance. The committee agreed that these engagement strategies were to be reinforced in the recommendations contained under access to care (<a href="/books/n/niceng116/?report=reader" class="toc-item">section 1.3</a> of the short guideline).</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.3.4"><h5>Stepped Care</h5><p>The committee noted that the evidence presented was encouraging. However, only one study was identified and so they agreed not to recommend stepped care. The committee agreed that this was an area for further research as stepped care approaches might address the challenges inherent to providing individual psychotherapies, by making less intensive forms of treatment more easily available to people who might benefit from them (see <a href="#ch9.appl">Appendix L</a>).</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.3.5"><h5>School based therapies</h5><p>The committee agreed that school based therapies should not be recommended as the evidence related to one small, very low quality study, and the data were at high risk of bias. They also noted that this was a collective trauma event and therefore may not be appropriate in single traumatic event. However, based on their clinical expertise and by consensus it was decided that although school based therapies could not be recommended on their own, they would be included within the delivery options, when discussing therapy provision as a whole. The evidence presented was from a study that looked at PTSD from a collective trauma event, and it was deemed that this may be the most appropriate time for school based therapies. The evidence supported school therapy as a viable option which can be considered in some circumstance.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.1.3.6"><h5>Motivational enhancement strategies</h5><p>Motivational enhancement was not recommended as the evidence related to only one small, low quality study.</p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.2"><h5>Cost effectiveness and resource use</h5><p>The committee considered the existing economic evidence, which was exclusively derived from studies conducted in the US. One US study conducted alongside a RCT indicated that collaborative care was unlikely to be a cost-effective model of delivery of care for adults with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms. On the other hand, another US study conducted alongside a RCT suggested that stepped care was likely to be a cost-effective model of delivery of care for children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms. The committee noted that both studies were characterised by potentially serious limitations, comprising a small study size and a short time horizon. Moreover, the committee noted that both studies were conducted in the US, where resource use, organisation of services and unit costs are different from those in the UK. Therefore, they considered all available economic evidence to be only partially applicable to the UK.</p><p>The committee expressed the view that modifying the delivery of trauma focused CBT using remote video consultation, text messages, emails or telephone contacts where it is preferred by the patient and is clinically appropriate may save resources without compromising the therapeutic outcome, in particular in remote areas where therapists need to travel longer distances to deliver trauma focused CBT in person.</p><p>The committee were concerned that video consultation might be introduced purely as a cost saving measure and not take into account the potential for additional therapeutic and engagement benefit in some situations of face to face consultation for this reason the recommendation was worded to require both patient preference and clinical appropriateness.</p><p>It was highlighted that in some situations, telehealth was provided in specialised clinics, not in the person&#x02019;s home, and these situations are unlikely to provide any benefit to those who have accessibility issues. It may be easier for a patient to access a local specialised telehealth clinic than a regional specialist PTSD clinic.</p></div><div id="ch9.s1.3.23.3"><h5>Other factors the committee took into account</h5><p>The committee considered the person&#x02019;s preference to be an important factor when developing recommendations.</p><p>The committee also discussed how little high-quality evidence there is to support trauma-informed care and agreed that it should be prioritised as an areas for further research (see <a href="#ch9.appl">Appendix L</a>).</p></div></div><div id="ch9.rl.r1"><h4>References for included studies</h4><ul class="simple-list"><div id="ch9.rl.r1.1"><h5>Technology based interventions</h5><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref1"><p id="p-838">
<strong>Acierno 2016</strong>
</p>Acierno
R, Gros
DF, Ruggiero
KJ, et al. (2016) Behavioral activation and therapeutic exposure for posttraumatic stress disorder: A noninferiority trial of treatment delivered in person versus home-based telehealth. Depression and anxiety
33(5), 415&#x02013;23 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26864655" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26864655</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref2"><p id="p-839">
<strong>Acierno 2017</strong>
</p>Acierno
R, Knapp
R, Tuerk
P, et al. (2017) A non-inferiority trial of Prolonged Exposure for posttraumatic stress disorder: In person versus home-based telehealth. Behaviour Research and Therapy
89, 57&#x02013;65 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5222772/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5222772</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27894058" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27894058</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref3"><p id="p-840">
<strong>Frueh 2007</strong>
</p>Frueh
BC, Monnier
J, Yim
E, et al. (2007) A randomized trial of telepsychiatry for post-traumatic stress disorder. Journal of telemedicine and telecare
13, 142&#x02013;147 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17519056" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17519056</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref4"><p id="p-841">
<strong>Maieritsch 2015</strong>
</p>Maieritsch
KP, Smith
TL, Hessinger
JD, et al. (2016) Randomized controlled equivalence trial comparing videoconference and in person delivery of cognitive processing therapy for PTSD. Journal of telemedicine and telecare
22(4), 238&#x02013;43 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26231819" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26231819</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref5"><p id="p-842">
<strong>Morland 2014</strong>
</p>Morland
L, Mackintosh
M-A, Greene
C, et al. (2014) Cognitive processing therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder delivered to rural veterans via telemental health: a randomised noninferiority clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
75, 470&#x02013;476 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24922484" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24922484</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref6"><p id="p-843">
<strong>Morland 2015</strong>
</p>Morland
LA, Mackintosh
MA, Rosen
CS, et al. (2015) telemedicine versus in-person delivery of cognitive processing therapy for women with posttraumatic stress disorder: A randomized non-inferiority trial. Depression and Anxiety
32, 811&#x02013;820 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26243685" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26243685</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref7"><p id="p-844">
<strong>Ruggiero 2016</strong>
</p>Ruggiero
K, Adams
Z, Danielson
C, et al. (2016) Technology-based tools to enhance quality of care in mental health treatment. (Final progress report)</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref8"><p id="p-845">
<strong>Strachen 2012</strong>
</p>Strachan
M, Gros
DF, Ruggiero
KJ, et al. (2012) An Integrated Approach to Delivering Exposure-Based Treatment for Symptoms of PTSD and Depression in OIF/OEF Veterans: Preliminary Findings. Behavior Therapy
43, 560&#x02013;569 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22697444" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22697444</span></a>]</div></p></li></ul></div><div id="ch9.rl.r1.2"><h5>Collaborative Care</h5><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref9"><p id="p-846">
<strong>Battersby 2013</strong>
</p>Battersby
MW, Beattie
J, Pols
RG, et al. (2013) A randomised controlled trial of the Flinders Program&#x02122; of chronic condition management in Vietnam veterans with co-morbid alcohol misuse, and psychiatric and medical conditions. Australian &#x00026; New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
47(5), 451&#x02013;62 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23307806" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23307806</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref10"><p id="p-847">
<strong>Browne 2013</strong>
</p>Browne
AL, Appleton
S, Fong
K, et al. (2013) A pilot randomized controlled trial of an early multidisciplinary model to prevent disability following traumatic injury. Disability and rehabilitation
35(14), 1149&#x02013;63 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23083416" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23083416</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref11"><p id="p-848">
<strong>Fortney 2015</strong>
</p>Fortney
JC, Pyne
JM, Kimbrell
TA, et al. (2015) Telemedicine-based collaborative care for posttraumatic stress disorder: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry
72, 58&#x02013;67 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25409287" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25409287</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref12"><p id="p-849">
<strong>Meredith 2016</strong>
</p>Meredith
LS, Eisenman
DP, Han
B, et al. (2016) Impact of Collaborative Care for Underserved Patients with PTSD in Primary Care: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of General Internal Medicine
31, 509&#x02013;517 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4835392/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4835392</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26850413" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26850413</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref13"><p id="p-850">
<strong>Schnurr 2013</strong>
</p>Schnurr
PP, Friedman
MJ, Oxman
TE, et al. (2013) RESPECT-PTSD: re-engineering systems for the primary care treatment of PTSD, a randomized controlled trial. Journal of general internal medicine
28, 32&#x02013;40 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3539037/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3539037</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22865017" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22865017</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref14"><p id="p-851">
<strong>Zatzick 2013</strong>
</p>Zatzick
D and McFadden
C (2013) Integrating Information Technology Advancements Into Early PTSD Interventions. Available at <a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">https:<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>&#8203;//clinicaltrials.gov</a> (In progress)</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref15"><p id="p-852">
<strong>Zatzick 2017</strong>
</p>Zatzick
D, Russo
J, Thomas
P, et al. (2017) Patient-Centred Care Transiotions after Injury Hospitalization: A comparative effectiveness Trial. Psychiatry, 1&#x02013;16</div></p></li></ul></div><div id="ch9.rl.r1.3"><h5>Engagement Strategies</h5><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref16"><p id="p-853">
<strong>Dorsey 2014</strong>
</p>Dorsey
S, Pullmann
MD, Berliner
L, et al. (2014) Engaging foster parents in treatment: A randomized trial of supplementing Trauma-focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with evidence-based engagement strategies. Child abuse &#x00026; neglect
38(9), 1508&#x02013;20 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4160402/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4160402</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24791605" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24791605</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref17"><p id="p-854">
<strong>Rosen 2013</strong>
</p>Rosen
CS, Tiet
QQ, Harris
AH, et al. (2013) Telephone monitoring and support after discharge from residential PTSD treatment: a randomized controlled trial. Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.), 64, 13&#x02013;20 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6540753/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6540753</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23117443" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23117443</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref18"><p id="p-855">
<strong>Rosen 2017</strong>
</p>Rosen
CS, Azevedo
KJ, Tiet
QQ, et al. (2017) An RCT of Effects of Telephone Care Management on Treatment Adherence and Clinical Outcomes Among Veterans With PTSD. Psychiatric Services
68(2), 151&#x02013;8 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27745535" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27745535</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref19"><p id="p-856">
<strong>Stecker 2014</strong>
</p>Stecker
T, McHugo
G, Xie
H, et al. (2014) RCT of a brief phone-based CBT intervention to improve PTSD treatment utilization by returning service members. Psychiatric Services
65, 1232&#x02013;1237 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4182109/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4182109</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24933496" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24933496</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref20"><p id="p-857">
<strong>Tecic 2011</strong>
</p>Tecic
T, Schneider
A, Althaus
A, et al. (2011) Early short-term inpatient psychotherapeutic treatment versus continued outpatient psychotherapy on psychosocial outcome: a randomized controlled trial in trauma patients. J Trauma
70(2), 433&#x02013;41[PMID: 21057336] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21057336" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21057336</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref21"><p id="p-858">
<strong>Watts 2015</strong>
</p>Watts
BV, Schnurr
PP, Zayed
M, et al. (2015) A randomized controlled clinical trial of a patient decision aid for posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)
66, 149&#x02013;154 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25322473" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25322473</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref22"><p id="p-859">
<strong>Zatzick 2015</strong>
</p>Zatzick
D, O&#x02019;Connor
SS, Russo
J, et al. (2015) Technology-Enhanced Stepped Collaborative Care Targeting Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Comorbidity After Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Traumatic Stress
28, 391&#x02013;400 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5549940/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5549940</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26467327" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26467327</span></a>]</div></p></li></ul></div><div id="ch9.rl.r1.4"><h5>Information and support</h5><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref23"><p id="p-860">
<strong>Carson 2016</strong>
</p>Carson
SS, Cox
CE, Wallenstein
S, et al. (2016) Effect of Palliative Care-Led Meetings for Families of Patients With Chronic Critical Illness: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA
316, 51&#x02013;62 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5538801/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5538801</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27380343" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27380343</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref24"><p id="p-861">
<strong>Colvielle 2010</strong>
</p>Colville
GA, Cream
PR, Kerry
SM (2010) Do parents benefit from the offer of a follow-up appointment after their child&#x02019;s admission to intensive care?: An exploratory randomised controlled trial. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing
26, 146&#x02013;153 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20347311" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20347311</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref25"><p id="p-862">
<strong>Garrouste-Orgeas 2016</strong>
</p>Garrouste-Orgeas
M, Max
A, Lerin
T, et al. (2016) Impact of proactive nurse participation in ICU family conferences: A mixed-method study. Critical care medicine
44, 1116&#x02013;1128 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26937860" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26937860</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref26"><p id="p-863">
<strong>Jabre 2014</strong>
</p>Jabre
P, Tazarourte
K, Azoulay
E, et al. (2014) Offering the opportunity for family to be present during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: 1-Year assessment. Intensive Care Medicine
40, 981&#x02013;987 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24852952" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24852952</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref27"><p id="p-864">
<strong>Mott 2014</strong>
</p>Mott
JM, Stanley
MA, Street
RL, et al. (2014) Increasing engagement in evidence-based PTSD treatment through shared decision-making: a pilot study. Military medicine
179, 143&#x02013;149 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24491609" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24491609</span></a>]</div></p></li><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref28"><p id="p-865">
<strong>Samuel 2015</strong>
</p>Samuel
V, Colville
G, Goodwin
S, et al. (2015) The Value of Screening Parents for Their Risk of Developing Psychological Symptoms After PICU: A Feasibility Study Evaluating a Pediatric Intensive Care Follow-Up Clinic. Pedaitric Critical Care Medicine
16, 808&#x02013;813 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26218258" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26218258</span></a>]</div></p></li></ul></div><div id="ch9.rl.r1.5"><h5>Stepped Care</h5><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref29"><p id="p-866">
<strong>Salloum 2016</strong>
</p>Salloum
A, Wang
W, Robst
J, et al. (2016) Stepped care versus standard trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for young children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
57(5), 614&#x02013;22 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4824681/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4824681</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26443493" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26443493</span></a>]<br />Salloum
A, Swaidan
V, Torres
A, et al. (2016) Parents&#x02019; perception of stepped care and standard care trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for young children. Journal of Child and Family Studies
25, 262&#x02013;274 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4788389/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4788389</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26977133" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26977133</span></a>]</div></p></li></ul></div><div id="ch9.rl.r1.6"><h5>School based therapies</h5><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref30"><p id="p-867">
<strong>Jaycox 2010</strong>
</p>Jaycox
LH, Cohen
JA, Mannarino
AP, et al. (2010) Children&#x02019;s mental health care following Hurricane Katrina: A field trial of trauma-focused psychotherapies. Journal of Traumatic Stress
23(2), 223&#x02013;31 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2860874/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2860874</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20419730" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20419730</span></a>]</div></p></li></ul></div><div id="ch9.rl.r1.7"><h5>Motivational enhancement strategies</h5><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><p><div class="bk_ref" id="ch9.s1.3.ref31"><p id="p-868">
<strong>Murphy 2009</strong>
</p>Murphy
RT, Thompson
KE, Murray
M, et al. (2009) Effect of a motivation enhancement intervention on veterans&#x02019; engagement in PTSD treatment. Psychological Services
6(4), 264</div></p></li></ul></div></ul></div></div></div><div id="appendixesappgroup9"><h2 id="_appendixesappgroup9_">Appendices</h2><div id="ch9.appa"><h3>Appendix A. Review protocols</h3><p>
<b>Review protocol for &#x0201c;Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with 4 clinically important post-traumatic stress syndrome?&#x0201d;</b>
</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appatab1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appa.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appatab1" rid-ob="figobch9appatab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appa.tab1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appa.tab1/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appa.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appa.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appatab1">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Women who have been exposed to sexual abuse or assault, or domestic violence Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual or transgender people</p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appb"><h3>Appendix B. Literature search strategies</h3><p>
<b>Search strategies for &#x0201c;Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?&#x0201d;</b>
</p><div id="ch9.appb.s1"><h4>Clinical evidence</h4><p>
<b>Database: Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process &#x00026; Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE(R) Daily and Ovid MEDLINE(R), Embase, PsycINFO</b>
</p><p id="ch9.appb.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appb.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appbtab1" class="figpopup">Date of last search: 31 January 2017</a></p><p>
<b>Database: CDSR, DARE, HTA, CENTRAL</b>
</p><p id="ch9.appb.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appb.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appbtab2" class="figpopup">Date of last search: 31 January 2017</a></p><p>
<b>Database: CINAHL PLUS</b>
</p><p id="ch9.appb.tab3"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appb.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appbtab3" class="figpopup">Date of last search: 31 January 2017</a></p></div><div id="ch9.appb.s2"><h4>Health economic evidence</h4><p>Note: evidence resulting from the health economic search update was screened to reflect the final dates of the searches that were undertaken for the clinical reviews (see review protocols).</p><p>
<b>Database: Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process &#x00026; Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE(R) Daily and Ovid MEDLINE(R), Embase, PsycINFO</b>
</p><p id="ch9.appb.tab4"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appb.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appbtab4" class="figpopup">Date of last search: 1 March 2018</a></p><p>
<b>Database: HTA, NHS EED</b>
</p><p id="ch9.appb.tab5"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appb.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appbtab5" class="figpopup">Date of last search: 1 March 2018</a></p></div></div><div id="ch9.appc"><h3>Appendix C. Clinical evidence study selection</h3><p>
<b>Clinical evidence study selection for &#x0201c;Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?&#x0201d;</b>
</p><p id="ch9.appc.fig1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appc.fig1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appcfig1" class="figpopup">Figure 1. Flow diagram of clinical article selection for review</a></p></div><div id="ch9.appd"><h3>Appendix D. Clinical evidence tables</h3><p>
<b>Clinical evidence tables for &#x0201c;Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?&#x0201d;</b>
</p><p id="ch9.appd.et1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-appd-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Table 24. Clinical evidence table: Telehealth versus in-person TF-CBT</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 102K)</span></p><p id="ch9.appd.et2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-appd-et2.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Table 25. Clinical evidence table: Technology supported TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 93K)</span></p><p id="ch9.appd.et3"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-appd-et3.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Table 26. Clinical evidence table: Collaborative care versus treatment as usual</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 112K)</span></p><p id="ch9.appd.et4"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-appd-et4.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Table 27. Clinical evidence table: Engagement strategies versus treatment as usual</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 98K)</span></p><p id="ch9.appd.et5"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-appd-et5.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Table 28. Clinical evidence table: Engagement strategies versus trauma informed care</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 84K)</span></p><p id="ch9.appd.et6"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-appd-et6.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Table 29. Clinical evidence table: information and support versus treatment as usual</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 99K)</span></p><p id="ch9.appd.et7"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-appd-et7.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Table 30. Clinical evidence table: family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 85K)</span></p><p id="ch9.appd.et8"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-appd-et8.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Table 31. Clinical evidence table: Decision aids versus placebo session</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 84K)</span></p><p id="ch9.appd.et9"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-appd-et9.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Table 32. Clinical evidence table: School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 84K)</span></p><p id="ch9.appd.et10"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-appd-et10.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Table 33. Clinical evidence table: Motivational enhancement versus Trauma informed care</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 86K)</span></p></div><div id="ch9.appe"><h3>Appendix E. Forest plots</h3><p>
<b>Forest plots for &#x0201c;Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?&#x0201d;</b>
</p><div id="ch9.appe.s1"><h4>Technology based Therapies</h4><div id="ch9.appe.s1.1"><h5>Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><p id="ch9.appe.fig1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig1" class="figpopup">Figure 2. Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptoms (self-report)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig2" class="figpopup">Figure 3. Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptoms (CAPS)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig3"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig3" class="figpopup">Figure 4. Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of Depression (BDI)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig4"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig4" class="figpopup">Figure 5. Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD at posttreatment: Symptoms of Anxiety (BAI)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig5"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig5/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig5" class="figpopup">Figure 6. Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number who completed set amount of session (defined by each author)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig6"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig6/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig6" class="figpopup">Figure 7. Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Satisfaction</a></p></div><div id="ch9.appe.s1.2"><h5>Technology supported TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><p id="ch9.appe.fig7"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig7/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig7" class="figpopup">Figure 8. Technology supported TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (UCLA Post-traumatic stress disorder index)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig8"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig8/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig8" class="figpopup">Figure 9. Technology supported TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of depression (Centre for epidemiological studies depression scale)</a></p></div></div><div id="ch9.appe.s2"><h4>Collaborative Care</h4><div id="ch9.appe.s2.1"><h5>Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><p id="ch9.appe.fig9"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig9/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig9" class="figpopup">Figure 10. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (self-report)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig10"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig10/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig10" class="figpopup">Figure 11. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (CAPS)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig11"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig11/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig11" class="figpopup">Figure 12. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Alcohol misuse (alcohol use disorders identification test)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig12"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig12/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig12" class="figpopup">Figure 13. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of depression (self-report)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig13"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig13/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig13" class="figpopup">Figure 14. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig14"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig14/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig14" class="figpopup">Figure 15. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number completing set number of sessions (defined by author)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig15"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig15/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig15" class="figpopup">Figure 16. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Medication adherence</a></p></div></div><div id="ch9.appe.s3"><h4>Engagement Strategies</h4><div id="ch9.appe.s3.1"><h5>Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><p id="ch9.appe.fig16"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig16/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig16" class="figpopup">Figure 17. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (self-report)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig17"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig17/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig17" class="figpopup">Figure 18. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Mental health (SF-12, mental component) at 26 week follow up</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig18"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig18/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig18" class="figpopup">Figure 19. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of depression (self-report)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig19"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig19/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig19" class="figpopup">Figure 20. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig20"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig20/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig20" class="figpopup">Figure 21. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number of participants who arrived at a treatment choice</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig21"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig21/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig21" class="figpopup">Figure 22. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number of participants seeking PTSD treatment</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig22"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig22/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig22" class="figpopup">Figure 23. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number of participants who completed set number of psychotherapy sessions</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig23"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig23/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig23" class="figpopup">Figure 24. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number of people using the website</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig24"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig24/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig24" class="figpopup">Figure 25. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Mean time using the website during hospital stay</a></p></div><div id="ch9.appe.s3.2"><h5>Engagement strategies versus trauma-informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><p id="ch9.appe.fig25"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig25/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig25" class="figpopup">Figure 26. Engagement strategies versus trauma-informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (IES-R)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig26"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig26/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig26" class="figpopup">Figure 27. Engagement strategies versus trauma-informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptom of depression (BDI)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig27"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig27/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig27" class="figpopup">Figure 28. Engagement strategies versus trauma-informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of anxiety (STAI)</a></p></div></div><div id="ch9.appe.s4"><h4>Information and support</h4><div id="ch9.appe.s4.1"><h5>Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><p id="ch9.appe.fig28"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig28/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig28" class="figpopup">Figure 29. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number meeting &#x0003e;30 on IES</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig29"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig29/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig29" class="figpopup">Figure 30. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (IES-R)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig30"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig30/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig30" class="figpopup">Figure 31. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring greater or above 8 on HADS-A</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig31"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig31/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig31" class="figpopup">Figure 32. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring 8 or above on HADS-D scale</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig32"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig32/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig32" class="figpopup">Figure 33. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Discontinuation (for any reason)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig33"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig33/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig33" class="figpopup">Figure 34. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Depression (HADS)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig34"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig34/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig34" class="figpopup">Figure 35. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Anxiety (HADS-A)</a></p></div><div id="ch9.appe.s4.2"><h5>Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><p id="ch9.appe.fig35"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig35/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig35" class="figpopup">Figure 36. Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring equal or above 22 on (IES-R) at 13 week follow up</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig36"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig36/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig36" class="figpopup">Figure 37. Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring 8 or above on HADS-D at 13 weeks follow-up</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig37"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig37/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig37" class="figpopup">Figure 38. Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring above 8 on symptoms HADS-A at 13 weeks follow-up</a></p></div><div id="ch9.appe.s4.3"><h5>Decision aids versus placebo session for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><p id="ch9.appe.fig38"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig38/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig38" class="figpopup">Figure 39. Decision aids versus placebo session for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number completing &#x0003e;9 sessions</a></p></div></div><div id="ch9.appe.s5"><h4>Stepped Care</h4><div id="ch9.appe.s5.1"><h5>Stepped care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><p id="ch9.appe.fig39"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig39/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig39" class="figpopup">Figure 40. Stepped care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (TSCYC)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig40"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig40/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig40" class="figpopup">Figure 41. Stepped care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (CGI)</a></p></div></div><div id="ch9.appe.s6"><h4>School based therapies</h4><div id="ch9.appe.s6.1"><h5>School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><p id="ch9.appe.fig41"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig41/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig41" class="figpopup">Figure 42. School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (CPSS)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig42"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig42/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig42" class="figpopup">Figure 43. School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of depression (CDI)</a></p><p id="ch9.appe.fig43"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig43/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig43" class="figpopup">Figure 44. School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number completing intervention</a></p></div></div><div id="ch9.appe.s7"><h4>Motivational Enhancement strategies</h4><div id="ch9.appe.s7.1"><h5>Motivational enhancement versus trauma informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><p id="ch9.appe.fig44"><a href="/books/NBK560207/figure/ch9.appe.fig44/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appefig44" class="figpopup">Figure 45. Motivational enhancement versus trauma informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number completing sessions</a></p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appf"><h3>Appendix F. GRADE tables</h3><p>
<b>GRADE tables for &#x0201c;Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?&#x0201d;</b>
</p><div id="ch9.appf.s1"><h4>Technology based therapies</h4><div id="ch9.appf.s1.1"><h5>Telehealth versus in-person TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appftab1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appftab1" rid-ob="figobch9appftab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab1/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appf.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appftab1">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">235/328 (71.6%)</p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appf.s1.2"><h5>Technology supported TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appftab2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appftab2" rid-ob="figobch9appftab2"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab2/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab2/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appf.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appftab2">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">CI=confidence interval; PTSD=post-traumatic stress disorder; TF-CBT=Trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy </p></div></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appf.s2"><h4>Collaborative Care</h4><div id="ch9.appf.s2.1"><h5>Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appftab3"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appftab3" rid-ob="figobch9appftab3"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab3/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab3/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appf.tab3"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appftab3">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">44/229 (19.2%)</p></div></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appf.s3"><h4>Engagement Strategies</h4><div id="ch9.appf.s3.1"><h5>Engagement strategies versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appftab4"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appftab4" rid-ob="figobch9appftab4"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab4/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab4/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appf.tab4"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appftab4">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">60/63 (95.2%)</p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appf.s3.2"><h5>Engagement strategies versus trauma-informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appftab5"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appftab5" rid-ob="figobch9appftab5"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab5/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab5/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appf.tab5"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appftab5">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">CI=confidence interval; PTSD=post-traumatic stress disorder; SMD=standard mean difference; STAI=State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; TIC=trauma informed care </p></div></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appf.s4"><h4>Information and Support</h4><div id="ch9.appf.s4.1"><h5>Information and support versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appftab6"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appftab6" rid-ob="figobch9appftab6"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab6/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab6/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appf.tab6"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appftab6">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">51/253 (20.2%)</p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appf.s4.2"><h5>Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appftab7"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appftab7" rid-ob="figobch9appftab7"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab7/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab7/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appf.tab7"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appftab7">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">21/42 (50%)</p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appf.s4.3"><h5>Decision aids versus placebo session for the treatment of clinically important PTSD symptoms</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appftab8"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appftab8" rid-ob="figobch9appftab8"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab8/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab8/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appf.tab8"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appftab8">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">4/9 (44.4%)</p></div></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appf.s5"><h4>Stepped Care</h4><div id="ch9.appf.s5.1"><h5>Stepped care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appftab9"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appftab9" rid-ob="figobch9appftab9"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab9/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab9/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appf.tab9"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appftab9">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">CI=confidence interval; CGI=Clinical Global Impression scale; MD=mean difference; SMD=standard mean difference; TAU=treatment as usual; TSCYC=Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children </p></div></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appf.s6"><h4>School based therapies</h4><div id="ch9.appf.s6.1"><h5>School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appftab10"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appftab10" rid-ob="figobch9appftab10"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab10/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab10/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appf.tab10"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appftab10">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">57/58 (98.3%)</p></div></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appf.s7"><h4>Motivational enhancement therapies</h4><div id="ch9.appf.s7.1"><h5>Motivational enhancement versus trauma informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appftab11"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appftab11" rid-ob="figobch9appftab11"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab11/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab11/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appf.tab11"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appftab11">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">42/60 (70%)</p></div></div></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appg"><h3>Appendix G. Economic evidence study selection</h3><p>
<b>Economic evidence study selection for &#x0201c;Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?&#x0201d;</b>
</p><p>A global health economics search was undertaken for all areas covered in the guideline. The flow diagram of economic article selection across all reviews is provided in <a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/bm1.pdf">Appendix A of Supplement 1 &#x02013; Methods Chapter</a>&#x02019;.</p></div><div id="ch9.apph"><h3>Appendix H. Economic evidence tables</h3><p>
<b>Economic evidence tables for &#x0201c;Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?&#x0201d;</b>
</p><div id="ch9.apph.s1"><h4>Collaborative care</h4><ul id="ch9.l24" class="simple-list"><li id="ch9.lt96" class="half_rhythm"><div>
Schnurr
PP, Friedman
MJ, Oxman
TE (2013) RESPECT-PTSD: Re-engineering systems for the primary care treatment of PTSD, A randomized controlled trial. Journal of General Internal Medicine
28(1), 32&#x02013;40 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3539037/" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3539037</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22865017" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22865017</span></a>]
</div></li></ul><p id="ch9.apph.et1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-apph-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Download PDF</a><span class="small"> (88K)</span></p></div><div id="ch9.apph.s2"><h4>Stepped-care</h4><ul id="ch9.l25" class="simple-list"><li id="ch9.lt97" class="half_rhythm"><div>
Salloum
A, Wang
W, Robst
J(2016) Stepped care versus standard trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for young children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
57(5), 614&#x02013;22 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4824681/" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4824681</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26443493" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26443493</span></a>]
</div></li></ul><p id="ch9.apph.et2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-apph-et2.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Download PDF</a><span class="small"> (87K)</span></p></div></div><div id="ch9.appi"><h3>Appendix I. Health economic evidence profiles</h3><p>
<b>Health economic evidence profiles for &#x0201c;Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?&#x0201d;</b>
</p><div id="ch9.appi.s1"><h4>Collaborative care</h4><p id="ch9.appi.et1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-appi-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Download PDF</a><span class="small"> (98K)</span></p></div><div id="ch9.appi.s2"><h4>Stepped care</h4><p id="ch9.appi.et2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9-appi-et2.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Download PDF</a><span class="small"> (100K)</span></p></div></div><div id="ch9.appj"><h3>Appendix J. Health economic analysis</h3><p>
<b>Health economic analysis for &#x0201c;Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?&#x0201d;</b>
</p><p>No health economic analysis was conducted for this review.</p></div><div id="ch9.appk"><h3>Appendix K. Excluded Studies</h3><p>
<b>Excluded studies for &#x0201c;Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?&#x0201d;</b>
</p><div id="ch9.appk.s1"><h4>Clinical studies</h4><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appktab1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appk.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appktab1" rid-ob="figobch9appktab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appk.tab1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appk.tab1/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appk.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appk.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appktab1">Table</a></h4></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appk.s2"><h4>Economic studies</h4><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appktab2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appk.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appktab2" rid-ob="figobch9appktab2"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appk.tab2/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appk.tab2/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appk.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appk.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appktab2">Table</a></h4></div></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appl"><h3>Appendix L. Research recommendations</h3><p>
<b>Research recommendations for &#x0201c;Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?&#x0201d;</b>
</p><div id="ch9.appl.s1"><h4>1. What is the clinical and cost effectiveness of stepped care for PTSD?</h4><p>
<b>Why is this important?</b>
</p><p>PTSD is a common disorder that affects a significant number of people in the UK. While some individual psychotherapies such as trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) are effective treatments, providing this type of intervention to everyone who needs it is a challenge. It can be expensive in terms of therapist time and it may take a long time to build up a workforce to deliver it. This means that people with PTSD can face a significant wait for treatment. Additionally, a treatment that is delivered over several sessions is difficult for many people with PTSD. A randomised controlled trial looking at stepped care approaches might address these issues, by making less intensive forms of treatment more easily available to people who might benefit from them. Less intensive therapies can be undertaken at home (for example online interventions) so they are easier to access. This allows therapist time to be focused on people with more severe presentations.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appltab1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appltab1" rid-ob="figobch9appltab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab1/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appl.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appltab1">Table</a></h4></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appltab2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appltab2" rid-ob="figobch9appltab2"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab2/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab2/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appl.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appltab2">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">To compare a lower intensity treatment to usual care (e.g. active case management) in first instance; if efficacious, then compare to &#x0201c;active&#x0201d; therapy (i.e. intensive one-to-one therapy) in a non-inferiority RCT. Clinic vs. school or subspecialist <a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appltab2">(more...)</a></p></div></div></div><div id="ch9.appl.s2"><h4>2. What is the clinical and cost effectiveness of trauma informed care or trauma informed approaches?</h4><p>
<b>Why is this important?</b>
</p><p>A trauma-informed approach to service delivery, or trauma-informed care, has been widely adopted in the US and is becoming increasingly common in the UK. However, it covers a large range of interventions and organisational changes, and there is little high-quality evidence to support its use. If effective, it could have a substantial impact on the experience of people with PTSD, reduce the length of hospital stays and outpatient visits, improve symptoms and reduce the number of restraints used in residential care.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appltab3"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appltab3" rid-ob="figobch9appltab3"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab3/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab3/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appl.tab3"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appltab3">Table</a></h4></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch9appltab4"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch9appltab4" rid-ob="figobch9appltab4"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab4/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab4/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch9.appl.tab4"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch9appltab4">Table</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">TIC should be compared to &#x02018;service as usual&#x02019;, i.e. without a trauma-informed approach. Alternatively different methods of TIC could be compared to each other.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><div><p>Final</p></div><div><p>Evidence reviews</p><p>These evidence reviews were developed by the National Guideline Alliance hosted by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists</p></div><div><p><b>Disclaimer</b>: The recommendations in this guideline represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or service users. The recommendations in this guideline are not mandatory and the guideline does not override the responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or their carer or guardian.</p><p>Local commissioners and/or providers have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual health professionals and their patients or service users wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with compliance with those duties.</p><p>NICE guidelines cover health and care in England. Decisions on how they apply in other UK countries are made by ministers in the <a href="http://wales.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">Welsh Government</a>, <a href="http://www.scotland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">Scottish Government</a>, and <a href="http://www.northernireland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">Northern Ireland Executive</a>. All NICE guidance is subject to regular review and may be updated or withdrawn.</p></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> &#x000a9; NICE 2018.</div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK560207</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32757549" title="PubMed record of this title" ref="pagearea=meta&amp;targetsite=entrez&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=pubmed">32757549</a></span></div></div><div class="small-screen-prev"></div><div class="small-screen-next"></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab1"><div id="ch9.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 1</span><span class="title">Summary of the protocol (PICO table)</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><th id="hd_b_ch9.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population</th><td headers="hd_b_ch9.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">People with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_ch9.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention</th><td headers="hd_b_ch9.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Service delivery models</p>
<p>(Including case management and co-ordination, collaborative care, community-based outreach clinics, clinics or services in non-health settings and trauma informed care)</p>
</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_ch9.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><td headers="hd_b_ch9.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Standard management strategy</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_ch9.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><td headers="hd_b_ch9.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Critical outcomes:
<ul id="ch9.l2"><li id="ch9.lt2" class="half_rhythm"><div>Efficacy (PTSD symptoms/diagnosis)</div></li><li id="ch9.lt3" class="half_rhythm"><div>Quality of life</div></li><li id="ch9.lt4" class="half_rhythm"><div>Access to treatment</div></li><li id="ch9.lt5" class="half_rhythm"><div>Uptake of treatment</div></li></ul>
Important outcomes:
<ul id="ch9.l3"><li id="ch9.lt6" class="half_rhythm"><div>Healthcare utilization</div></li><li id="ch9.lt7" class="half_rhythm"><div>Satisfaction, preference</div></li><li id="ch9.lt8" class="half_rhythm"><div>Anxiety about treatment</div></li><li id="ch9.lt9" class="half_rhythm"><div>Symptoms of a coexisting condition (including anxiety and depression)</div></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab2"><div id="ch9.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 2</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies: Telehealth versus in-person TF-CBT</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Telehealth versus in-person TF-CBT</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Total no. of studies (N randomised)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7 (857)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study ID</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Acierno 2016,<sup>1</sup> Acierno 2017,<sup>2</sup> Frueh 2007,<sup>3</sup> Maieritsch 2015,<sup>4</sup> Morland 2014,<sup>5</sup> Morland 2015,<sup>6</sup> Strachen 2012<sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Country</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">USA<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup><sup>,</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Diagnostic status</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD diagnosis according to ICD/DSM criteria (including self-report of diagnosis)<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean age (range)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">46,<sup>1</sup> 42,<sup>2</sup> 56,<sup>3</sup> 31,<sup>4</sup> 55,<sup>5</sup> 46,<sup>6</sup> 30<sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sex (% female)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5.6,<sup>1</sup> 3.8,<sup>2</sup> 0,<sup>3</sup> 6.7,<sup>4</sup> 0,<sup>5</sup> 100,<sup>6</sup> 7.5<sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ethnicity (% BME)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49.6,<sup>1</sup> 39.4,<sup>2</sup> 66,<sup>3</sup> NR,<sup>4</sup> 44.8,<sup>5</sup> 53,<sup>6</sup> 55<sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Type of traumatic event</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Military combat<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup><sup>,</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coexisting conditions (% present)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Depression ( 85%,<sup>3</sup> 28.8%<sup>5</sup>, 29.2%,<sup>6</sup> 22.5%<sup>7</sup> NR<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup>),</p>
<p>Anxiety (74%,<sup>3</sup> 19.2%,<sup>5</sup> 26.8%,<sup>6</sup> NR<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup>)</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention details</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><ul id="ch9.l4"><li id="ch9.lt10" class="half_rhythm"><div>Following the Behavioural Activation and Therapeutic exposure manual (based on situational and imaginal exposure), weekly sessions were delivered using participants own digital equipment.<sup>1</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt11" class="half_rhythm"><div>Home based tele-health using Prolonged exposure treatment manual.<sup>2</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt12" class="half_rhythm"><div>Tele-psychiatry: sessions conducted with a computer-based videoconferencing equipment. Patients received cognitive-behavioural groups therapy for veterans, (social skills, assertion, social communication, anger management).<sup>3</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt13" class="half_rhythm"><div>Tele-Mental health (TMH): The provision of mental health treatment over video conference.<sup>4</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt14" class="half_rhythm"><div>VTC-Video teleconferencing CPT. The CPT was a manual based protocol, a variant of CPT, which excludes the written trauma narrative.<sup>5</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt15" class="half_rhythm"><div>Video teleconferencing delivered CPT. Manualized evidence based treatment for PTSD (psycho-education, cognitive theory and emotions, rehearsing strategies to restructure thoughts, problematic beliefs and cognitions identified and challenged, safety, trust, control, esteem and intimacy).<sup>6</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt16" class="half_rhythm"><div>In-home video-conferencing technology. Behavioural Activation and Therapeutic Exposure (psycho-education, treatment rationale, life values, In vivo and imaginal exposure exercises, patients engage in prolonged imaginal exposure exercises). Homework task are also included.<sup>7</sup></div></li></ul>
Group<sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup>, Individual<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>In-person CBT, following the Behavioural Activation and Therapeutic exposure manual.<sup>1</sup></p>
<p>In-person prolonged exposure.<sup>2</sup></p>
<p>In-person group therapy.<sup>3</sup></p>
<p>In-Person CBT.<sup>4</sup></p>
<p>In-person CBT (same variant as intervention, excludes written trauma narrative).<sup>5</sup></p>
<p>In-person CBT<sup>6</sup></p>
<p>In-person CBT (based on Behavioural Activation and Therapeutic Exposure).<sup>7</sup></p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention length (weeks)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6 weeks,<sup>5</sup> 8 weeks,<sup>1</sup> 14 weeks<sup>3</sup>, NR<sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>8</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; CBT=Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; CPT=Cognitive Processing Therapy; DSM=Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders; ICD= International statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problems; N=Number of participants; NR=Not reported; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; RCT=randomised controlled trial; TF-CBT =Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; TMH=Tele-Mental Health; VTC=Video Teleconferencing</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab2_1"><p class="no_margin">Acierno 2016;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab2_2"><p class="no_margin">Acierno 2017;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab2_3"><p class="no_margin">Frueh 2007;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab2_4"><p class="no_margin">Maieritsch 2015;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab2_5"><p class="no_margin">Morland 2014;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab2_6"><p class="no_margin">Morland 2015;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>7</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab2_7"><p class="no_margin">Strachen 2012;</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab3"><div id="ch9.tab3" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 3</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies: Technology based TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab3_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Technology-based TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Total no. of studies (N randomised)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 (131)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study ID</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ruggiero 2016,<sup>1</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Country</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">USA</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Diagnostic status</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Clinically important PTSD symptoms (scoring above a threshold on validated scale)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean age (range)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sex (% female)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">22.9</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ethnicity (% BME)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">40.5</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Type of traumatic event</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Unclear</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coexisting conditions (% present)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention details</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">eTF-CBT: Tablet based resources. Content for providers, to assist in preparing sessions and creating checklists. Tools to use in session by providers with the child or caregiver; interactive tools included videos, quizzes, drag and drop activities, and drawing tools. Interactive versions of text, videos, these are intended to provide additional information. Sessions were based on PPRACTICE: Psychoeducation and Parenting, Relaxation, Affective Regulation, Cognitive Coping, Trauma Narrative and Processing, In vivo exposure, Conjoint Sessions, Enhancing Safely.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">The Sessions were based on PPRACTICE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention length (weeks)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; eTF-CBT=electronically assisted Trauma Focused-Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; N=number of participants; NR=Not Reported; PPRACTICE= Psycho-education and Parenting, Relaxation, Affective Regulation, Cognitive Coping, Trauma narrative and processing, In vivo exposure, Conjoint Sessions, Enhancing Safely; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab3_1"><p class="no_margin">Ruggiero 2016; Final progress report, (grant R34MH096907), data provided by author</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab4"><div id="ch9.tab4" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 4</span><span class="title">Summary clinical evidence profile: Telehealth TF-CBT versus In-person TF-CBT</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab4_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of Participants (studies)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Assumed risk In-person TF-CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Corresponding risk Telehealth TF-CBT</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptoms (self-report) &#x02013; post-treatment</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptoms (all tools combined) &#x02013; post-treatment in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.15 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.32 lower to 0.03 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>569</p>
<p>(7 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptoms (self-report) - 12-13 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 12.5 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptoms (all tools combined) - 12-13 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.22 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.4 to 0.04 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>524</p>
<p>(6 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptoms (self-report) - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptoms (all tools combined) - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.21 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.37 to 0.06 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>681</p>
<p>(4 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptoms (self-report) - 52 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptoms (all tools combined) - 52 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.31 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.14 to 0.49 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>492</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD (CAPS) &#x02013; Post-treatment</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD (CAPS) &#x02013; post-treatment in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.33 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.56 to 0.1 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>300</p>
<p>(3 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD (CAPS) - 1213 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 12.5 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD (CAPS) - 12-13 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.34 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.57 to 0.11 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>300</p>
<p>(3 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD (CAPS) - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD (CAPS) - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.35 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.6 to 0.1 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>249</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beck Depression Inventory &#x02013; Posttreatment</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean beck depression inventory &#x02013; post-treatment in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.1 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.34 lower to 0.15 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>324</p>
<p>(5 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Beck Depression Inventory - 12-13 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 12.5 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean beck depression inventory - 12-13 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.09 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.17 lower to 0.34 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>270</p>
<p>(4 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Beck Depression Inventory - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean beck depression inventory - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.69 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.08 to 1.29 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>77</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Beck Depression Inventory - 52 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean beck depression inventory - 52 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.1 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.23 lower to 0.43 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>140</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number completed set amount of session (defined by each author)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">754 per 1000</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>716 per 1000</p>
<p>(656 to 784)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.95 (0.87 to 1.04)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>673</p>
<p>(5 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Satisfaction</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean satisfaction in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.3 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(1.17 lower to 0.57 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>21</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beck Anxiety Inventory (post-treatment)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean beck anxiety inventory in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.22 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(1.04 lower to 0.6 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>23</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CAPS= Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale; 95%CI= 95% confidence interval; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; RR=Risk ratio; SMD=Standard Mean Difference; TF-CBT=Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab4_1"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab4_2"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab4_3"><p class="no_margin">Heterogeneity; I2 &#x0003e; 50%</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab4_4"><p class="no_margin">Number of participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab4_5"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence interval crosses a line of imprecision (either &#x02212;0.5 or 0.5)</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab5"><div id="ch9.tab5" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 5</span><span class="title">Summary clinical evidence profile: Technology based TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab5_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of Participants (studies)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Assumed risk Standard TF-CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Corresponding risk Technology based TF-CBT</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (UCLA Post-traumatic stress disorder index)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomatology in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.92 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(1.8 lower to 0.05 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>26</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (Centre for epidemiological studies depression scale)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.55 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.3 lower to 1.4 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>26</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab5_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">95%CI= 95% Confidence interval; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; TF-CBT=Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab5_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab5_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab5_3"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab6"><div id="ch9.tab6" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 6</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies: Collaborative Care</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab6_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Collaborative care versus TAU</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Total no. of studies (N randomised)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7(1,466)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study ID</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref9" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref9">Battersby 2013</a><sup>1</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref10" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref10">Browne 2013</a>,<sup>2</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref11" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref11">Fortney 2015</a>,<sup>3</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref12" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref12">Meredith 2016</a>,<sup>4</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref13" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref13">Schnurr 2013</a>,<sup>5</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref14" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref14">Zatzick 2013</a>,<sup>6</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref15" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref15">Zatzick 2017</a>,<sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Country</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Australia,<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup> USA<sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Diagnostic status</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD diagnosis according to ICD/DSM criteria (including self-report of diagnosis)<sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></p>
<p>Clinically important PTSD symptoms (scoring above a threshold on validated scale)<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup></p>
<p>Unclear<sup>2</sup></p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean age (range)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">60,<sup>1</sup> 37,<sup>2</sup> 52,<sup>3</sup> 42,<sup>4</sup> 45,<sup>5</sup> 39,<sup>6</sup> 42,<sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sex (% female)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3.0,<sup>1</sup> 25,<sup>2</sup> 13.8,<sup>3</sup> 80.6,<sup>4</sup> 8.7,<sup>5</sup> 47.8,<sup>6</sup> 56.7,<sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ethnicity (% BME)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR,<sup>1</sup> 15.8,<sup>2</sup> 36.2,<sup>3</sup> 94,<sup>4</sup> 43.5,<sup>5</sup> 37.2,<sup>6</sup> 43.9,<sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Type of traumatic event</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Unintentional injury/illness/medical emergency<sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup><sup>,</sup> Military Combat<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup> Unclear (participants recruited from Federally Qualified Health Centres)<sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coexisting conditions (% present)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (79%,<sup>1</sup> 78.9%,<sup>3</sup> 51.6%,<sup>4</sup> 70.2%,<sup>5</sup>), Alcohol/drug abuse (53%,<sup>1</sup> 27.6%,<sup>4</sup>), Anxiety (10%,<sup>1</sup> 67.2%,<sup>3</sup> 45.2%,<sup>4</sup>), NR<sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention details</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<ul id="ch9.l5"><li id="ch9.lt17" class="half_rhythm"><div>Four part intervention, 1) Flinders Program (FP): Aims to engage the person in their own care, provides a structured clinical process for the health care provider to use, to motivate behaviour change for medical and psychosocial benefit. Follow up visits use motivational and problem solving skills to navigate the health care system. 2) Alcohol Practice Guidelines and other self-help material on alcohol consumption and use. 3) Stanford Chronic Disease Management Group Program (SCDSMP), an optional, 6 week group program to improve self-efficacy, 4) Usual care.</div></li><li id="ch9.lt18" class="half_rhythm"><div>A multidisciplinary screening and co-ordinated care intervention. Participants attended a review appointment assessing pain, psychological function and functional capacity. Treatment was individually tailored, (physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and psychological treatment). Participants received both verbal and written materials. Clinical diagnoses and treatment plans were discussed and a summary sent to the participants GP.<sup>2</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt19" class="half_rhythm"><div>TOP- Telemedicine outreach for PTSD. The care teams supported those on-site and included multi-disciplinary team. The telephone nurse managed care activates and was supported by a website. The tele-psychologists delivered CPT to those who wanted it. Care manager and pharmacist activates were delivered by phone, psychotherapy and psychiatric consultations were delivered by interactive video.<sup>3</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt20" class="half_rhythm"><div>PTSD Care Management. The care managers provided active patient education and engagement using NIMH brochures and motivational interviewing techniques, provided a link to community resources, provided structured communication with primary care clinician, and mental health providers, plus weekly case management meetings (supervised by the study psychiatrist).<sup>4</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt21" class="half_rhythm"><div>Three-component model of Collaborative Care (3CM): Participants received phone calls from care managers to identify barriers to adherence, and to help the patient overcome these barriers. Care managers contacted centrally located psychiatrists to discuss the participant&#x02019;s progress, entered the information onto the medical records.<sup>5</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt22" class="half_rhythm"><div>A multi-disciplinary team. Care managers engaged with participants in hospital, attempting to problem solve any post-injury concerns. PTSD treatment preferences were discussed. Study nurse and psychiatrist prescribed medication for PTSD and insomnia. CBT was delivered. Symptoms were regularly monitored and care managers remained in touch with participants to assess symptoms and care.<sup>6</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt23" class="half_rhythm"><div>Care management transition. Included 24 hour mobile phone availability of the research team. The strategies were flexible to target medical/surgical and psychiatric disorders, to target each patient&#x02019;s needs. A social worker enquired about treatment preferences and ongoing meetings were scheduled during their stay. The social worker coordinated care across surgical inpatient community and service delivery settings and reviewed care plans, aiming to enhance care coordination.<sup>7</sup></div></li></ul>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>TAU; Services available from public and private medical and mental health services, hospitals, GP&#x02019;s Drug and alcohol services<sup>1</sup></p>
<p>TAU; care was managed by their GP, attended outpatient reviews as related to injuries<sup>2</sup></p>
<p>TAU; Community based outpatient clinic<sup>3</sup></p>
<p>Enhanced TAU; participants in both arms had an education session about trauma and PTSD<sup>4</sup></p>
<p>TAU; at the care providers discretion<sup>5</sup></p>
<p>TAU; routine outpatient surgical, primary care and mental health services as required<sup>6</sup></p>
<p>Enhanced TAU; Participants assessed for emotional distress and the information passed to the nurse<sup>7</sup></p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention length (weeks)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13 weeks,<sup>2</sup> 39-weeks,<sup>1</sup> 52 weeks,<sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup> NR<sup>5</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; CBT=Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; CPT=Cognitive Processing Therapy; DSM=Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders; GP=General Practitioners; ICD= International statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problem; N=Number of participants; NR=Not reported; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; TAU=Treatment as usual;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab6_1"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref9" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref9">Battersby 2013</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab6_2"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref10" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref10">Browne 2013</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab6_3"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref11" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref11">Fortney 2015</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab6_4"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref12" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref12">Meredith 2016</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab6_5"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref13" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref13">Schurr 2013</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab6_6"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref14" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref14">Zatzick 2013</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>7</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab6_7"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref15" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref15">Zatzick 2017</a>; Psychiatry: 00; 1-16</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab7"><div id="ch9.tab7" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 7</span><span class="title">Summary clinical evidence profile: Collaborative care verse TAU</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab7_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of Participants (studies)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Assumed risk Treatment as usual</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Corresponding risk Collaborative care</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD Symptomology (self-report) - Post-treatment</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (self-report) - post-treatment in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.13 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.34 lower to 0.61 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>72</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD Symptomology (self-report) - 4.3 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 4.3 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 4.3 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.1 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.1 lower to 0.3 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>378</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD Symptomology (self-report) - 13 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 13 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 13 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.14 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.31 lower to 0.02 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>573</p>
<p>(3 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD Symptomology (self-report) - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.45 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.6 to 0.31 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>803</p>
<p>(4 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD Symptomology (self-report) - 39 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 39 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 39 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.79 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(1.07 to 0.51 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>207</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD Symptomology (self-report) - 52 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 52 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.51 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.7 to 0.32 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>432</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology (CAPS) - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (caps) - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.23 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.44 to 0.02 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>355</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology (CAPS) - 52 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (caps) - 52 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.31 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.1 to 0.52 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>355</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Alcohol misuse (Alcohol use disorders identification test) - Post-treatment</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean alcohol miss-use (alcohol use disorders identification test) - post-treatment in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.57 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(1.05 to 0.08 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>72</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Alcohol misuse (Alcohol use disorders identification test) - 4.3 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 4.3 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean alcohol miss-use (alcohol use disorders identification test) - 4.3 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.08 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.13 lower to 0.28 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>378</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Alcohol misuse (Alcohol use disorders identification test) - 13 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 13 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean alcohol miss-use (alcohol use disorders identification test) - 13 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.06 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.26 lower to 0.14 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>378</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Alcohol misuse (Alcohol use disorders identification test) - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean alcohol miss-use (alcohol use disorders identification test) - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.03 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.22 lower to 0.16 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>444</p>
<p>(3 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Alcohol misuse (Alcohol use disorders identification test) - 39 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 39 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean alcohol miss-use (alcohol use disorders identification test) - 39 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.5 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.22 to 0.77 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>207</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Alcohol misuse (Alcohol use disorders identification test) - 52 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean alcohol miss-use (alcohol use disorders identification test) - 52 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.34 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.06 to 0.61 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>207</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale [CES-D])) - post-treatment</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression (self-report) - post-treatment in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.75 higher</p>
<p>(3.18 lower to 4.68 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>66</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (Patient health questionnaire-9 item [PHQ-9]) - 4.3 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 4.3 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression (self-report) - 4.3 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.39 higher</p>
<p>(0.16 lower to 0.94 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>378</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 [HSCL-25]: Depression/ Patient health questionnaire-9 item [PHQ-9]) - 13 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 13 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression (self-report) - 13 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.01 higher</p>
<p>(0.14 lower to 0.16 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>573</p>
<p>(3 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 [HSCL-25]: Depression/ Patient health questionnaire-9 item [PHQ-9]) - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression (self-report) - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.01 lower</p>
<p>(0.12 lower to 0.1 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>803</p>
<p>(4 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (Patient health questionnaire-9 item [PHQ-9]) - 39 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 39 weeks</p>
<p>Symptoms of depression (Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 [HSCL-25]: Depression/ Patient health questionnaire-9 item [PHQ-9]) - 52 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression (self-report) - 39 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.9 lower</p>
<p>(1.59 to 0.21 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>207</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression (self-report) - 52 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.24 lower</p>
<p>(0.41 to 0.07 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>432</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended Better indicated by higher values</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.45 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.26 to 0.63 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>460</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number completing set number of sessions (defined by author)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">56 per 1000</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>191 per 1000</p>
<p>(106 to 347)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 3.4 (1.88 to 6.16)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>460</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>7</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Medication adherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">584 per 1000</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>567 per 1000</p>
<p>(485 to 660)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.97 (0.83 to 1.13)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>460</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CAPS=Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale; 95%CI=95% Confidence Interval; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; RR=Risk ratio; SMD=Standard Mean Difference;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab7_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab7_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab7_3"><p class="no_margin">Number of participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab7_4"><p class="no_margin">Heterogeneity; I2 &#x0003e; 50%</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab7_5"><p class="no_margin">Very high heterogeneity, I2 &#x0003e;80%</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab7_6"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence interval crosses a line of imprecision (either &#x02212;0.5 or 0.5)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>7</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab7_7"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence intervals cross both lines of impression (-0.5 and 0.5)</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab8"><div id="ch9.tab8" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 8</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies: Engagement strategies versus TAU</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab8_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Engagement strategies versus TAU</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Total no. of studies (N randomised)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6 (1,793)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study ID</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref16" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref16">Dorsey 2014</a>,<sup>1</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref17" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref17">Rosen 2013</a>,<sup>2</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref19" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref19">Stecker 2014</a>,<sup>3</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref21" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref21">Watts 2015</a>,<sup>4</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref22" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref22">Zatzick 2015</a><sup>5</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref18" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref18">Rosen 2017</a><sup>6</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Country</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">USA<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Diagnostic status</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD diagnosis according to ICD/DSM criteria (including self-report of diagnosis)<sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></p>
<p>Clinically important PTSD symptoms (scoring above a threshold on validated scale)<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></p>
<p>NR<sup>6</sup></p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean age (range)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10/46,<sup>1</sup> 51,<sup>2</sup> 29,<sup>3</sup> 49,<sup>4</sup> 43<sup>5</sup> 48<sup>6</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sex (% female)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">55.3%/85.2%,<sup>1</sup> 13,<sup>4</sup> 12.7,<sup>5</sup> 7.8,<sup>6</sup> 36<sup>7</sup> 14.9<sup>6</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ethnicity (% BME)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23.3%/31.1%,<sup>1</sup> 59.4,<sup>2</sup> 60,<sup>3</sup> 12,<sup>4</sup> 46<sup>5</sup> 51.3<sup>6</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Type of traumatic event</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Witnessing interpersonal violence,<sup>1</sup> Military combat,<sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup> Unintentional injury/illness/medical emergency<sup>5</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coexisting conditions (% present)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression: 80.8%,<sup>2</sup> 55%<sup>6</sup> Anxiety: 30.8%,<sup>2</sup> 25.9%<sup>6</sup> Bipolar: 12.8%,<sup>2</sup> 0.28%<sup>6</sup> Substance abuse disorder: 10.5%<sup>6</sup>, schizophrenia: 4.5%2 NR<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention details</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<ul id="ch9.l6"><li id="ch9.lt24" class="half_rhythm"><div>Evidence based engagement strategy based on McKay&#x02019;s engagement manualized intervention, &#x0201c;Training Intervention for the Engagement of Families.&#x0201d; Discussion of barriers, prior negative experiences with mental health services, identification of caregivers concern for the child.<sup>1</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt25" class="half_rhythm"><div>Following discharge from the PTSD treatment, standard referrals plus telephone monitoring and support every two weeks is provided. A scripted protocol assesses treatment attendance, medication compliance, and severity of symptoms, coping abilities, depression, anger, substance use, suicidality and risk of violence, problem areas addressed.<sup>2</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt26" class="half_rhythm"><div>A phone call intervention, a brief cognitive-behavioural intervention, designed to modify beliefs about treatment seeking to improve PTSD symptoms.<sup>3</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt27" class="half_rhythm"><div>Participants provided with a 26 page graphically rich booklet which describes PTSD and the different effective treatments. The booklet contains information about comparative risk, treatment burdens, and effectiveness of PTSD treatments.<sup>4</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt28" class="half_rhythm"><div>Participants provided with a laptop with a web browser with a bookmark to &#x0201c;<a href="http://afterdeployment.org" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">afterdeployment<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>&#8203;.org</a>&#x0201d;, a website which offers self-assessments, self-management strategies. They were also give LifeArmor, an accompanying smartphone app. The study care manager assisted participants in use of the website and app after screening. These care managers were also training in delivery of stepped CBT, these were delivered flexibly during inpatient stay and to outpatients.<sup>5</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt29" class="half_rhythm"><div>Participants received usual care plus telephone calls. Telephone care managers followed a scripted protocol to assess treatment attendance, medication compliance, side effects, symptom severity, self-efficacy for coping with symptoms, substance use, suicidality and risk of violence. Positive behaviours were reinforced, problem solving support and motivation were provided.<sup>6</sup></div></li></ul>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>TAU<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup></p>
<p>TAU; standard referral to outpatient counsellors, psychiatrists or both.<sup>2</sup></p>
<p>TAU; participants provided with a laptop whilst in hospital and offered usual post injury care<sup>5</sup></p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention length (weeks)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR,<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup> 15minutes,<sup>4</sup> 13 weeks,<sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; CBT=Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; N=Number of participants; DSM=Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders; ICD= International statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problem; NR=Not Reported; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; TAU=Treatment as usual</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab8_1"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref16" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref16">Dorsey 2014</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab8_2"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref17" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref17">Rosen 2013</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab8_3"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref19" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref19">Stecker 2014</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab8_4"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref21" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref21">Watts 2015</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab8_5"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref22" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref22">Zatzick 2015</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab8_6"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref18" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref18">Rosen 2017</a>;</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab9"><div id="ch9.tab9" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 9</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies: Engagement strategies versus TIC</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab9_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Engagement strategies versus TIC</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Total no. of studies (N randomised)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 (113)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study ID</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref20" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref20">Tecic 2011</a>
<sup>
1
</sup>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Country</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Germany</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Diagnostic status</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Clinically important PTSD symptoms (scoring above a threshold on validated scale)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean age (range)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35 (18-64)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sex (% female)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ethnicity (% BME)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Type of traumatic event</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Unintentional injury/illness/medical emergency</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coexisting conditions (% present)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention details</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Those in the intervention arm received both inpatient and outpatient psychotherapy. The inpatient, short-term psychotherapy consisted of up to eight sessions. The out-patient consisted six sessions of 50 minutes. Psychotherapy was manual based, tailored to the needs of severely injured accident victims, and follows the evidence based clinical practice for PTSD.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Those in the control arm received the same inpatient therapy sessions as the intervention arm</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention length (weeks)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">26 weeks</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; N=Number of participants; DSM=Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders; ICD=International statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problem; NR=Not Reported; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; TIC=Trauma Informed Care</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab9_1"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref20" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref20">Tecic 2011</a>;</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab10"><div id="ch9.tab10" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 10</span><span class="title">Summary clinical evidence profile: Engagement strategies versus TAU</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab10_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of Participants (studies)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Assumed risk Treatment as usual</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Corresponding risk Engagement strategies</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 4.3 weeks follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 4.3 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 4.3 weeks follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.23 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.42 to 0.03 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>395</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 13 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 13 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 13 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.36 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.56 to 0.16 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>395</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.14 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.31 lower to 0.04 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>523</p>
<p>(3 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 17 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 17 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 17 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.06 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.17 lower to 0.06 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>1193</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 52 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 52 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.09 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.21 lower to 0.02 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>1193</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 4.3 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 4.3 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression (self-report) - 4.3 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.15 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.34 lower to 0.05 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>395</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 13 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 13 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression (self-report) - 13 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.36 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.56 to 0.16 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>395</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 17 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 17 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression (self-report) - 17 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.1 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.22 lower to 0.01 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>1193</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression (self-report) - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.08 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.11 lower to 0.28 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>395</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 52 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression (self-report) - 52 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.18 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.29 to 0.06 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>1193</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - post-treatment Better indicated by higher values</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - post-treatment in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>1.14 higher</p>
<p>(0.26 to 2.02 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>378</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - 4.3 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 4.3 weeks</p>
<p>Better indicated by higher values</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - 4.3 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.18 higher</p>
<p>(0.01 lower to 0.37 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>274</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - 13 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
<p>Better indicated by higher values</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - 13 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.41 higher</p>
<p>(0.04 lower to 0.86 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>274</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
<p>Better indicated by higher values</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>1.59 higher</p>
<p>(0.56 lower to 3.74 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>274</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - 39 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 39 weeks</p>
<p>Better indicated by higher values</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - 39 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.56 higher</p>
<p>(1.52 lower to 2.64 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>354</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number of participants who arrived at a treatment choice Better indicated by higher values</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 2.48 (1.81 to 3.38)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>128</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Number of participants seeking PTSD treatment - 4.3 weeks follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 4.3 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">116 per 1000</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>214 per 1000</p>
<p>(116 to 396)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 1.85 (1 to 3.42)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>224</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Number of participants seeking PTSD treatment - 13 weeks follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 13 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">309 per 1000</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>383 per 1000</p>
<p>(263 to 559)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 1.24 (0.85 to 1.81)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>209</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Number of participants seeking PTSD treatment - 26 weeks follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">466 per 1000</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>587 per 1000</p>
<p>(461 to 745)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 1.26 (0.99 to 1.6)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>242</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number of participants who completed set number of psychotherapy sessions</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">171 per 1000</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>246 per 1000</p>
<p>(178 to 342)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 1.44 (1.04 to 2)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>403</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number of people using the website Better indicated by higher values</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 2.76 (1.25 to 6.08)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>121</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Mean time using the website during hospital stay</p>
<p>Better indicated by higher values</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean time using the website during hospital stay in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.24 higher</p>
<p>(0.11 lower to 0.6 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>121</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">95%CI=95% Confidence Interval; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; RR=Risk Ratio; SMD=Standard Mean Difference;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab10_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab10_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab10_3"><p class="no_margin">High heterogeneity; I2 &#x0003e;50%</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab10_4"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab10_5"><p class="no_margin">Very high heterogeneity, I2 &#x0003e;80%</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab10_6"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence interval crosses a line of imprecision (either 0.5 or 5.0)</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab11"><div id="ch9.tab11" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 11</span><span class="title">Summary clinical evidence profile: Engagement strategies versus TIC</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab11_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of Participants (studies)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Assumed risk TIC</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Corresponding risk Engagement Strategies</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.15 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.65 lower to 0.35 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>62</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology - 52 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology - 52 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.21 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.71 lower to 0.28 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>65</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology - 78 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 78 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology - 78 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.51 lower to 0.51 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>62</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (BDI) - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.05 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.45 lower to 0.55 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>61</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (BDI) - 52 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression - 52 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.2 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.69 lower to 0.29 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>66</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (BDI) - 78 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 78 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression - 78 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.32 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.85 lower to 0.2 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>60</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of anxiety (STAI) - 26 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 26 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of anxiety - 26 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.83 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(1.36 to 0.31 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>61</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of anxiety (STAI) - 52 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of anxiety - 52 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.5 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(1 lower to 0.01 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>63</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of anxiety (STAI) - 78 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 78 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of anxiety - 78 week follow up in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.34 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.86 lower to 0.18 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>61</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab11_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">BDI=Beck&#x02019;s Depression Inventory; 95%CI=95% Confidence Interval; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; STAI=State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; SMD=Standard Mean Difference; TIC=Trauma Informed Care</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab11_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab11_2"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab12"><div id="ch9.tab12" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 12</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies: Information and support versus TAU</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab12_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Information and support versus TAU</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Total no. of studies (N randomised)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4 (1,095)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study ID</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref23" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref23">Carson 2016</a>,<sup>1</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref25" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref25">Colville 2010</a>,<sup>2</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref26" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref26">Jabre 2014</a>,<sup>3</sup>
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref28" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref28">Samuel 2015</a><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Country</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">USA,<sup>1</sup> UK,<sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup> France<sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Diagnostic status</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Clinically important PTSD symptoms (scoring above a threshold on validated scale)<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></p>
<p>Unclear<sup>2</sup></p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean age (range)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">51,<sup>1</sup> NR,<sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sex (% female)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">71,<sup>1</sup> 81,<sup>2</sup> NR,<sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ethnicity (% BME)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">24,<sup>1</sup> 25,<sup>2</sup>,NR<sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Type of traumatic event</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Family member or carer of person with life-threatening illness or injury<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></p>
<p>Family member of child with unintentional injury/illness/medical emergency<sup>2</sup></p>
<p>Unexpected severe injury or death of close family member or friend<sup>3</sup></p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coexisting conditions (% present)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention details</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<ul id="ch9.l7"><li id="ch9.lt30" class="half_rhythm"><div>A brochure describing chronic critical illness was provide to the family surrogate decision makers and two meetings were scheduled with the support and information team (palliative care physician and a nurse, they potentially also included social workers, chaplains). Topics included patient&#x02019;s condition, patient&#x02019;s prognosis, alternatives to continued intensive care, care settings for critically ill patients, discharge options, likely care needs, family discussion, and family understanding of the patient&#x02019;s values, goals and preferences.<sup>1</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt31" class="half_rhythm"><div>Parents were invited to an optional PICU follow up clinic. During the session the child was not examined, but the medical records were available. A PICU consultant, a senior PICU nurse and a psychologist were available to discuss the child&#x02019;s care during admission. Parents were encouraged to provide feedback on the admission, to ask questions and to reflect on how they had been affected emotionally.<sup>2</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt32" class="half_rhythm"><div>Participants in the intervention arm were asked if they would like to be present during their family member&#x02019;s resuscitation. They were accompanied by a supporting emergency staff member who provided technical information on the resuscitation. A communication guide was available to help introduce the resuscitation scene, and to help with the announcement of death (if it occurred).<sup>3</sup></div></li><li id="ch9.lt33" class="half_rhythm"><div>Families were offered a follow up clinic appointment (PICU clinical psychologist plus a PICU consultant and PICU nurse) two months after PICU discharge. Parents were given the opportunity to ask questions about their child&#x02019;s admission and could raise any concerns about their child&#x02019;s current health. Parents were also asked how their child&#x02019;s admission had impacted them. Families were given advice about accessing further support.<sup>4</sup></div></li></ul>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>TAU: Family decision makers also received the brouchure<sup>1</sup></p>
<p>TAU<sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></p>
<p>TAU: Family members are not routinely given the opportunity to witness the resuscitation; however 43% did so (these were not given the support provided to those in the intervention arm).<sup>3</sup></p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention length (weeks)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Two sessions 10 days apart,<sup>1</sup> one session<sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; N=Number of participants; DSM=Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders; ICD= International statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problem; NR=Not Reported; PICU=Paediatric Intensive Care Unit; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; TAU=Treatment as usual;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab12_1"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref23" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref23">Carson 2016</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab12_2"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref25" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref25">Colville 2010</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab12_3"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref26" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref26">Jabre 2014</a>;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab12_4"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref28" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref28">Samuel 2015</a>;</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab13"><div id="ch9.tab13" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 13</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies: Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab13_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Family conference with a nurse versus without a nurse</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Total no. of studies (N randomised)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 (100)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study ID</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref25" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref25">Garrouste-Orgeas 2016</a>,<sup>1</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Country</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">France</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Diagnostic status</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Clinically important PTSD symptoms (scoring above a threshold on validated scale)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean age (range)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">58</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sex (% female)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">60</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ethnicity (% BME)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Type of traumatic event</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Family member had been admitted to ICU and ventilated for over 48 hours</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coexisting conditions (% present)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention details</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Family conference, with a physician and nurse present. The physician explained diagnosis, planned care, possible changes and prognosis. The nurse described the patients&#x02019; condition as perceived at the bedside and explained how measures were taken to relief pain and stress.</p>
<p>The nurse also explained the organisation of the ICU. The nurse used &#x0201c;ask-to-tell&#x0201d; to verify comprehension. Standard conference guides were used. Open questions were used. Bad news was communicated according to the NURSE method: Naming emotions, expressing, understanding, showing respect, articulating support and exploring family&#x02019;s emotional state. The end of life conference followed the VALUE method: Value what the family members say, acknowledge their emotions, listen, understand the patient as a person, and Elicit questions. All family members who wanted to attend, could do so.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">The control family conference followed the same structure as that to the intervention, but was conducted by a physician only.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention length (weeks)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Conference was held on the day of admission, then on days 3 and 7, and weekly until discharge. Additional conferences could be held if the patients&#x02019; condition worsened, or was expected to die.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; N=Number of participants; DSM=Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders; ICD= International statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problem; ICU=Intensive Care Unit; NR=Not Reported; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab13_1"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref25" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref25">Garrouste-Orgeas 2016</a>;</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab14"><div id="ch9.tab14" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 14</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies: Decision aids versus placebo session</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab14/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab14_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Decision aids versus placebo</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Total no. of studies (N randomised)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 (27)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study ID</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref27" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref27">Mott 2014</a>,<sup>1</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Country</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">USA</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Diagnostic status</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD diagnosis according to ICD/DSM criteria (including self-report of diagnosis)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean age (range)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">29 (22-47)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sex (% female)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ethnicity (% BME)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Type of traumatic event</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Military Combat</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coexisting conditions (% present)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Depression: 37%</p>
<p>Anxiety: 19%</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention details</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Participants provided accurate information about their diagnosis, treatment options, outcomes and side effects. The provider helps the participant explore their treatment goals, benefits and risks of treatments, with a goal to select the preferred treatment. There is a 12 page decision aid which highlights CPT, PE, anxiety managements and PTSD education. Following the session the provider communicates the participants preferred treatment option to the PTSD clinic.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Placebo session: The participant completed neutral, clinician administered tasks assessing cognitive abilities. The participants had all usual treatment options available to them.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention length (weeks)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">One 30 minute session</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; CPT=Cognitive Processing Therapy; N=Number of participants; DSM=Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders; ICD= International statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problem; NR=Not Reported; PE=Prolonged Exposure; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab14_1"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref27" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref27">Mott 2014</a>; Military medicine 179, 143-149</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab15"><div id="ch9.tab15" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 15</span><span class="title">Summary clinical evidence profile: Information and support versus TAU</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab15_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of Participants (studies)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Assumed risk TAU</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Corresponding risk Information and support</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Number meeting &#x0003e;30 on IES</p>
<p>Follow-up: 0-52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">319 per 1000</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>201 per 1000</p>
<p>(150 to 271)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.63 (0.47 to 0.85)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>513</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Number scoring greater or above 8 on HADS-A</p>
<p>Follow-up: 0-52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">242 per 1000</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>199 per 1000</p>
<p>(145 to 269)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.82 (0.6 to 1.11)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>513</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Number scoring 8 or above on HADS-D scale</p>
<p>Follow-up: 0-52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">181 per 1000</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>108 per 1000</p>
<p>(70 to 168)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.6 (0.39 to 0.93)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>513</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology IES-R</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>3.45 higher</p>
<p>(5.2 lower to 12.1 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>71</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Depression self-report</p>
<p>Follow-up: 0-32 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.06 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.14 lower to 0.26 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>383</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Anxiety self-report</p>
<p>Follow-up: 0-32 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.21 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.01 to 0.41 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>383</p>
<p>(2 studies)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab15_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">95%CI=95% Confidence Interval; HADS(-A/D)=Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(-Anxiety/Depression); IES/IES-R=Impact of Events Scale-Revised; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; RR=Risk Ratio; SMD=Standard Mean Difference; TAU=Treatment as usual</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab15_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab15_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab15_3"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence interval crosses a line of imprecision (either 0.8 or 1.25)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab15_4"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab15_5"><p class="no_margin">High heterogeneity; I2 &#x0003e;50%</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab16"><div id="ch9.tab16" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 16</span><span class="title">Summary clinical evidence profile: family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab16_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of Participants (studies)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Assumed risk Family conference without a nurse</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Corresponding risk Family conference with a nurse</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Number scoring equal or above 22 on (IES-R) at 13 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 13 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.96 (0.63 to 1.45)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>86</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Number scoring 8 or above on HADS-D at 13 week follow up</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 13 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.62 (0.32 to 1.19)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>86</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Number scoring above 8 on Symptoms HADS-A at 13 weeks</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 13 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.64 (0.38 to 1.06)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>86</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab16_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">95%CI=95% Confidence Interval; HADS(-A/D)=Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(-Anxiety/Depression); IES-R=Impact of Events Scale-Revised; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab16_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab16_2"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab16_3"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence interval crosses a line of imprecision (either 0.8 or 1.25)</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab17"><div id="ch9.tab17" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 17</span><span class="title">Summary clinical evidence profile: Decision aids versus placebo session</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab17_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of Participants (studies)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Assumed risk Placebo</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Corresponding risk Decision aids</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number completing &#x0003e;9 sessions</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 4.89 (0.66 to 36.36)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>20</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab17_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">95%CI=95% Confidence Interval;</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab17_1"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab17_2"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab17_3"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence interval crosses a line of imprecision (either 0.8 or 1.25)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab17_4"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab18"><div id="ch9.tab18" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 18</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies: Stepped care versus standard TF-CBT</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab18/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab18_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Stepped care versus standard TF-CBT</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Total no. of studies (N randomised)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 (53)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study ID</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref29" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref29">Salloum 2016</a>
<sup>
1
</sup>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Country</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">USA</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Diagnostic status</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Clinically important PTSD symptoms (scoring above a threshold on validated scale)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean age (range)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5 (3-7)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sex (% female)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ethnicity (% BME)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35.8</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Type of traumatic event</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mixed (sexual abuse (33.9%), domestic violence (33.9%), death (11.3%), physical abuse (3.8%), accidents (5.7%), removal from parent/home (3.8%), community violence (1.9%), crime (1.9%), illness/medical (1.9%))</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coexisting conditions (% present)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention details</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Step one: 3 initial in-office therapist led sessions followed by 11 parent-child sessions at home over 6 weeks. Use an empirically informed workbook based on preschool PTSD treatment manual. Weekly phone support and Web-based psychoeducation, and videos demonstrating imaginal and in vivo exposure and relaxation exercises are provided. If the child responds, they proceed to the maintenance phase to practice skills. If the child does not respond, they proceed to Step Two: 9, weekly TF-CBT sessions, these are therapist led sessions.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Standard TF-CBT: Provided to the child with active parent involvement.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention length (weeks)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12 weeks</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; N=Number of participants; DSM=Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders; ICD=International statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problem; NR=Not Reported; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; TF-CBT=Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab18_1"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref29" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref29">Salloum 2016</a>;</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab19"><div id="ch9.tab19" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 19</span><span class="title">Summary clinical evidence profile: Stepped Care versus standard delivery of TF-CBT</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab19/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab19_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of Participants (studies)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Assumed risk TAU</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Corresponding risk Stepped care</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology (TSCYC)</p>
<p>Follow-up: 0-13 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.37 standard deviations lower</p>
<p>(0.77 lower to 0.04 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>106</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology (CGI)</p>
<p>Follow-up: 0-13 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.59 lower</p>
<p>(0.91 to 0.27 lower)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>106</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab19_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CGI=Clinical Global Impression; 95%CI=95% Confidence Interval; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; SMD=Standard Mean Difference; TSCYC=Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab19_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab19_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab19_3"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab20"><div id="ch9.tab20" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 20</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies: School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab20/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab20_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Total no. of studies (N randomised)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 (118)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study ID</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref30" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref30">Jaycox 2010</a>
<sup>
1
</sup>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Country</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">USA</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Diagnostic status</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Clinically important PTSD symptoms (scoring above a threshold on validated scale)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean age (range)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sex (% female)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">55.9</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ethnicity (% BME)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">53</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Type of traumatic event</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Participants had been exposed to Hurricane Katrina (74.6% had witnessed something upsetting such as seeing a dead body)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coexisting conditions (% present)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Clinical symptoms of depression: 52.5%</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention details</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CBITS: Cognitive-Behavioural Intervention for Trauma in Schools. Incorporates cognitive-behavioural skills which include: psycho-education, relaxation, affective modulation, cognitive coping, trauma narrative, in vivo mastery of trauma reminders and enhancing safety. Included group and individual sessions.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">The programme covered the same topics as CBITS, but were conducted in clinic. The sessions were tailored to the child, and were conjoint sessions between the parent and child.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention length (weeks)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; CBITS= Cognitive-Behavioural Intervention for Trauma in Schools; CPT=Cognitive Processing Therapy; N=Number of participants; NR=Not Reported; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; TF-CBT=Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab20_1"><p class="no_margin"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref30" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref30">Jaycox 2010</a>;</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab21"><div id="ch9.tab21" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 21</span><span class="title">Summary clinical evidence profile: School based TF-CBT versus In-clinic TF-CBT</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab21/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab21_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of Participants (studies)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Assumed risk In-clinic TF-CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Corresponding risk School-based TF-CBT</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>PTSD symptomology (CPSS)</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 43 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean PTSD symptomology in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.73 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.13 higher to 1.33 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>71</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Symptoms of depression (CDI)</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 43 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>The mean symptoms of depression in the intervention groups was</p>
<p>0.09 standard deviations higher</p>
<p>(0.49 lower to 0.68 higher)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>71</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Number completing intervention</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 43 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 6.55 (3.58 to 11.98)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>118</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab21_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">95%CI=95% Confidence Interval; CDI=Children&#x02019;s Depression Inventory; CPSS=Child PTSD Symptom Scale; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; TF-CBT=Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab21_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab21_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab21_3"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab22"><div id="ch9.tab22" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 22</span><span class="title">Summary of included studies: Motivational enhancement versus TAU</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab22/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab22_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Motivational Enhancement versus TAU</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Total no. of studies (N randomised)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 (115)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study ID</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref31" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref31">Murphy 2009</a>,<sup>1</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Country</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">USA</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Diagnostic status</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD diagnosis according to ICD/DSM criteria (including self-report of diagnosis)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean age (range)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">56 (34-80)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sex (% female)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ethnicity (% BME)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">63.2</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Type of traumatic event</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Military Combat</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coexisting conditions (% present)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention details</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD Motivation Enhancement, a manual based group protocol. 1) Rational and Review, 2) Pros and cons, 3) Comparison to the average guy, 4) Roadblocks. The sessions use decision making skills to help patients recognise the need to change any unacknowledged PTSD related problems. The main focus is to help patients generate a list of behaviours and beliefs, and use decision making tools to decide which of these need changing. The sessions form the second part of an ongoing PTSD treatment programme that the participants are enrolled in.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>TAU: Sessions were partly based on the Seeking Safety Manual: 1) Social Support, Communicating about PTSD, 2) Adopting Healthy Attitudes, 3) Meanings that Harm and 4) Moving forward.</p>
<p>As with the intervention arm, these sessions made up part of the treatment of a 12 month PTSD Treatment Program</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention length (weeks)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NR (both arms included were 4 sessions)</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">BME=Black and Minority Ethnic; DSM=Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders; ICD= International statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problem; N=Number of participants; NR=Not Reported; PTSD=Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; TIC=trauma informed care</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab22_1"><p class="no_margin">
<a class="bibr" href="#ch9.s1.3.ref31" rid="ch9.s1.3.ref31">Murphy 2009</a>
</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9tab23"><div id="ch9.tab23" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 23</span><span class="title">Summary clinical evidence profile: Motivational enhancement versus TAU</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.tab23/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.tab23_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of Participants (studies)</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Assumed risk TAU</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Corresponding risk Motivational enhancement</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Number completing sessions</p>
<p>Follow-up: mean 52 weeks</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 1.26 (0.94 to 1.68)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>114</p>
<p>(1 study)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.tab23_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very low<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">95%CI=95%Confidence Interval; TAU=Treatment as usual</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab23_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab23_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.tab23_3"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appatab1"><div id="ch9.appa.tab1" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appa.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appa.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Topic</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Organisation and delivery of care for people with PTSD</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Review question(s)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Review Question 7.1 Which service delivery models are effective at meeting the needs of adults, children and young people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms?</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sub-question(s)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Where evidence exists, consideration will be given to the specific needs of:
<ul id="ch9.l21"><li id="ch9.lt75" class="half_rhythm"><div>Women who have been exposed to sexual abuse or assault, or domestic violence</div></li><li id="ch9.lt76" class="half_rhythm"><div>Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual or transgender people</div></li><li id="ch9.lt77" class="half_rhythm"><div>People from black and minority ethnic groups</div></li><li id="ch9.lt78" class="half_rhythm"><div>People who are homeless or in insecure accommodation</div></li><li id="ch9.lt79" class="half_rhythm"><div>Asylum seekers or refugees or other immigrants who are entitled to NHS treatment</div></li><li id="ch9.lt80" class="half_rhythm"><div>People who have been trafficked</div></li><li id="ch9.lt81" class="half_rhythm"><div>People who are socially isolated (and who are not captured by any other subgroup listed)</div></li><li id="ch9.lt82" class="half_rhythm"><div>People with complex PTSD</div></li><li id="ch9.lt83" class="half_rhythm"><div>People with neurodevelopmental disorders (including learning disabilities and autism)</div></li><li id="ch9.lt84" class="half_rhythm"><div>People with coexisting conditions (drug and alcohol misuse, common mental health disorders, eating disorders, personality disorders, acquired brain injury, physical disabilities and sensory impairments)</div></li><li id="ch9.lt85" class="half_rhythm"><div>People who are critically ill or injured (for instance after a vehicle crash)</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Objectives</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To identify the most effective service delivery models and care pathways for people with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>People with clinically important post-traumatic stress symptoms</p>
<p>If some, but not all, of a study&#x02019;s participants are eligible for the review, where possible disaggregated data will be obtained. If this is not possible then the study will be included if at least 80% of its participants are eligible for this review.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Exclude</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<ul id="ch9.l22"><li id="ch9.lt86" class="half_rhythm"><div>Trials of people with adjustment disorders</div></li><li id="ch9.lt87" class="half_rhythm"><div>Trials of people with traumatic grief</div></li><li id="ch9.lt88" class="half_rhythm"><div>Trials of people with psychosis as a coexisting condition</div></li><li id="ch9.lt89" class="half_rhythm"><div>Trials of people with learning disabilities</div></li><li id="ch9.lt90" class="half_rhythm"><div>Trials of women with PTSD during pregnancy or in the first year following childbirth</div></li><li id="ch9.lt91" class="half_rhythm"><div>Trials of adults in contact with the criminal justice system (not solely as a result of being a witness or victim)</div></li></ul>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Service delivery models (including case management and coordination, collaborative care, community-based outreach clinics, clinics or services in non-health settings and trauma-informed care [TIC])</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Standard management strategy</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Critical outcomes</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Efficacy</p>
<p>PTSD symptomology (mean endpoint score or change in PTSD score from baseline on a validated scale)</p>
<p>Diagnosis of PTSD (number of people meeting diagnostic criteria for PTSD according to DSM, ICD or similar criteria)</p>
<p>Quality of life (as assessed with a validated scale including the 36-item Short-Form Survey [SF-36], Health Status Questionnaire-12 and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale [WEMWBS])</p>
<p>Access to treatment</p>
<p>Uptake of treatment</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Important, but not critical outcomes</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Healthcare utilization</p>
<p>Satisfaction, preference</p>
<p>Anxiety about treatment</p>
<p>Coexisting conditions (note that target of intervention should be PTSD symptoms):</p>
<p>Symptoms of and recovery from a coexisting condition</p>
<p>Self-harm</p>
<p>Suicide</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Systematic reviews of RCTs</p>
<p>RCTs</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Include unpublished data?</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Clinical trial registries (ISRCTN and <a href="http://ClinicalTrials.gov" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">ClinicalTrials<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>&#8203;.gov</a>) will be searched to identify any relevant unpublished trials and authors will be contacted to request study reports (where these are not available online). Unpublished data will only be included where a full study report is available with sufficient detail to properly assess the risk of bias. Authors of unpublished evidence will be asked for permission to use such data, and will be informed that summary data from the study and the study&#x02019;s characteristics will be published in the full guideline.</p>
<p>Conference abstracts and dissertations will not be included</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Restriction by date?</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Publication limit 2000-current</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minimum sample size</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">N = 10 in each arm</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study setting</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Primary, secondary, tertiary, social care and community settings.</p>
<p>Treatment provided to troops on operational deployment or exercise will not be covered.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">The review strategy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Reviews</p>
<p>If existing systematic reviews are found, the committee will assess their quality, completeness, and applicability to the NHS and to the scope of the guideline. If the committee agrees that a systematic review appropriately addresses a review question, a search for studies published since the review will be conducted.</p>
<p>Data Extraction (selection and coding)</p>
<p>Citations from each search will be downloaded into EndNote and duplicates removed. Titles and abstracts of identified studies will be screened by two reviewers for inclusion against criteria, until a good inter-rater reliability has been observed (percentage agreement =&#x0003e;90% or Kappa statistics, K&#x0003e;0.60). Initially 10% of references will be double-screened. If inter-rater agreement is good then the remaining references will be screened by one reviewer. All primary-level studies included after the first scan of citations will be acquired in full and re-evaluated for eligibility at the time they are being entered into a study database (standardised template created in Microsoft Excel). At least 10% of data extraction will be double-coded. Discrepancies or difficulties with coding will be resolved through discussion between reviewers or the opinion of a third reviewer will be sought.</p>
<p>Non-English-language papers will be excluded (unless data can be obtained from an existing review).</p>
<p>Data Analysis</p>
<p>Where data is available, meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model will be used to combine results from similar studies. Heterogeneity will be considered and if a random-effects model is considered more appropriate it will be conducted.</p>
<p>For risk of bias, outcomes will be downgraded if the randomisation and/or allocation concealment methods are unclear or inadequate. Outcomes will also be downgraded if no attempts are made to blind the assessors or participants in some way, i.e. by either not knowing the aim of the study or the result from other tests. Outcomes will also be downgraded if there is considerable missing data (see below).</p>
<p>Handling missing data:</p>
<p>Where possible an intention to treat approach will be used.</p>
<p>Outcomes will be downgraded if there is a dropout of more than 20%, or if there was a difference of &#x0003e;20% between the groups.</p>
<p>For heterogeneity: outcomes will be downgraded once if I2&#x0003e;50%, twice if I2 &#x0003e;80%</p>
<p>&#x02003;For imprecision: outcomes will be downgraded if:</p>
<p>Step 1: If the 95% CI is imprecise i.e. crosses 0.8 or 1.25 (dichotomous) or &#x02212;0.5 or 0.5 (for continuous). Outcomes will be downgraded one or two levels depending on how many lines it crosses.</p>
<p>Step 2: If the clinical decision threshold is not crossed, we will consider whether the criterion for Optimal Information Size is met, if not we will downgrade one level for the following.</p>
<p>for dichotomous outcomes: &#x0003c;300 events</p>
<p>for continuous outcomes: &#x0003c;400 participants</p>
<p>For clinical effectiveness, if studies report outcomes using the same scale mean differences will be considered, if not standardized mean differences (SMDs) will be considered and the following criteria will be used:</p>
<p>SMD &#x0003c;0.2 too small to likely show an effect</p>
<p>SMD 0.2 small effect</p>
<p>SMD 0.5 moderate effect</p>
<p>SMD 0.8 large effect</p>
<p>RR &#x0003c;0.8 or &#x0003e;1.25 clinical benefit</p>
<p>Anything less (RR &#x0003e;0.8 and &#x0003c;1.25), the absolute numbers will be looked at to make a decision on whether there may be a clinical effect.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Heterogeneity (sensitivity analysis and subgroups)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Where substantial heterogeneity exists, sensitivity analyses will be considered, for instance:</p>
<p>Studies with &#x0003c;50% completion data (drop out of &#x0003e;50%) will be excluded.</p>
<p>Where possible, the influence of subgroups will be considered, including subgroup analyses giving specific consideration to the groups outlined in the sub-question section and to the following groups:
<ul id="ch9.l23"><li id="ch9.lt92" class="half_rhythm"><div>Trauma type (including single incident relative to chronic exposure)</div></li><li id="ch9.lt93" class="half_rhythm"><div>Duration of intervention (for instance, short-term [&#x02264;12 weeks] relative to long-term [&#x0003e;12 weeks])</div></li><li id="ch9.lt94" class="half_rhythm"><div>Intensity of intervention (for instance, low intensity [&#x02264;15 sessions] relative to high intensity [&#x0003e;15 sessions])First-line treatment relative to second-line treatment and treatment-resistant PTSD (&#x02265;2 inadequate treatments)</div></li><li id="ch9.lt95" class="half_rhythm"><div>Acute PTSD symptoms (clinically important PTSD symptoms for less than 3 months) relative to chronic PTSD symptoms (clinically important PTSD symptoms for 3 months or more)</div></li></ul></p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Notes</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appbtab1"><div id="ch9.appb.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Date of last search: 31 January 2017</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appb.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appb.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Searches</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*acute stress/ or *behavioural stress/ or *emotional stress/ or *critical incident stress/ or *mental stress/ or *posttraumatic stress disorder/ or *psychotrauma/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 use emez</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">stress disorders, traumatic/ or combat disorders/ or psychological trauma/ or stress disorders, post-traumatic/ or stress disorders, traumatic, acute/ or stress, psychological/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3 use mesz</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp posttraumatic stress disorder/ or acute stress disorder/ or combat experience/ or &#x0201c;debriefing (psychological)&#x0201d;/ or emotional trauma/ or post-traumatic stress/ or traumatic neurosis/ or trauma/ or stress reactions/ or psychological stress/ or chronic stress/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5 use psyh</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(railway spine or (rape adj2 trauma*) or reexperienc* or re experienc* or torture syndrome or traumatic neuros* or traumatic stress).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(trauma* and (avoidance or grief or horror or death* or nightmare* or night mare* or emotion*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(posttraumatic* or post traumatic* or stress disorder* or acute stress or ptsd or asd or desnos or (combat neuros* or combat syndrome or concentration camp syndrome or extreme stress or flashback* or flash back* or hypervigilan* or hypervigilen* or psych* stress or psych* trauma* or psycho?trauma* or psychotrauma*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/2,4,6-9</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*case management/ or *cooperation/ or *patient care/ or *health care delivery/ or *integrated health care system/ or *multihospital system/ or *patient care/ or *health care planning/ or *health care policy/ or *hospital management/ or *health care planning/ or *patient care planning/ or *program development/ or *resource allocation/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11 use emez</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">case management/ or cooperative behavior/ or &#x0201c;continuity of patient care&#x0201d;/ or delivery of health care/ or delivery of health care, integrated/ or interprofessional relations/ or interinstitutional relations/ or multi-institutional systems/ or models, organizational/ or patient care team/ or patient centered care/ or community health planning/ or decision making, organizational/ or health care reform/ or health facility administration/ or health facility planning/ or health planning/ or health planning guidelines/ or health plan implementation/ or health resources/ or health services administration/ or exp health planning organizations/ or health systems plans/ or institutional management teams/ or national health programs/ or organizational innovation/ or patient care planning/ or planning techniques/ or program development/ or public health administration/ or regional health planning/ or regional medical programs/ or resource allocation/ or state health plans/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13 use mesz</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp case management/ or exp cooperation/ or exp &#x0201c;continuum of care&#x0201d;/ or exp health care delivery/ or exp integrated services/ or exp interdisciplinary treatment approach/ or exp teams/ or exp health care reform/ or exp treatment planning/ or exp resource allocation/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15 use psyh</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">17</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(algorithm* or careplan* or care plan* or pathway* or ((care or treatment) adj3 (delivery or guideline* or program* or protocol*))).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((assertive or proassertive) adj2 (communit* or outreach or treatment*)) or act model*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">19</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((augment* or collaborat* or coordinat* or co ordinat* or enhanc* or holistic* or 69 integrat* or interdisciplin* or inter disciplin* or interagenc* or inter agenc* or interorganis* or inter organis* or interprofessional* or inter professional* or intraprofessional* or intra professional* or multiagenc* or multi agenc* or multidimension* or multi dimension* or multidisciplin* or multi disciplin* or multifacet* or multi facet* or multiprofessional* or multi professional* or multiple or shared or stepped or tiered or transdisciplin* or trans discliplin*) adj3 (approach* or care or healthcare or intervention* or manag* or model* or program* or psychotherap* or service* or system* or team* or therap* or treatment* or work*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((care or case*) adj manag*) or managed care program* or (patient care adj (plan* or team*))).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">21</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(cluster adj3 health* adj3 social*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((complex or organi?ational) adj intervention*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((comprehensive adj2 (care or management or service or treatment)) or (managed adj (behavioral or behavioural) adj health) or (model* adj2 (approach* or care or consultation or integrated or service* or team* or treatment*))).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">24</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(co located team or co location or (joint service adj3 development) or linkwork* or multidisciplinary assessment or one stop shop or (pool* adj3 budget) or single assessment or strategic collaboration).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">25</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">consultation liaison.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">26</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((contin* or coordinated or co ordinated or joint* or joined up or progression or seamless* or structured or uninterrupted) adj3 (care or healthcare or service*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">27</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((continuous or integrated or joint or overlapping) adj commission*) or provider partnership*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">28</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(continuity adj2 (care or healthcare)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">29</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((cooperative or co operative) adj behav*) or ((interpersonal or inter personal or interprofession* or inter profession* or interinstitution* or inter institution*) adj (work* or relation*))).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(flexible partnership* or (joint* adj3 working) or joined up partnership* or (partnership* adj3 working) or partnership project*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">31</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((horizontal or vertical) adj integrat*) or horizontal communication*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">32</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(imhc or integrated psychiatry).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(integrat* adj3 health*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">34</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((model* or pathway*) adj3 (approach* or care or healthcare or program* or psychotherap* or service* or specialit* or therap* or treatment*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((parallel or serial) adj2 (care or healthcare or model* or service* or therap* or treatment*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((premobile or pre mobile) adj3 (approach* or care or communit* or healthcare or program* or service* or therap* or treatment or work*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(system* adj2 care).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((deliver* or implement* or needs or organi* or plan* or utili*) adj3 (care or healthcare or model* or program* or service* or system*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">39</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/12,14,16-38</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">40</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">meta analysis/ or &#x0201c;meta analysis (topic)&#x0201d;/ or systematic review/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">41</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">40 use emez</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">42</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">meta analysis.sh,pt. or &#x0201c;meta-analysis as topic&#x0201d;/ or &#x0201c;review literature as topic&#x0201d;/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">42 use mesz</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(literature review or meta analysis).sh,id,md. or systematic review.id,md.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">45</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44 use psyh</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">46</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(exp bibliographic database/ or (((electronic or computer* or online) adj database*) or bids or cochrane or embase or index medicus or isi citation or medline or psyclit or psychlit or scisearch or science citation or (web adj2 science)).ti,ab.) and (review*.ti,ab,sh,pt. or systematic*.ti,ab.)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">46 use emez</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">48</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(exp databases, bibliographic/ or (((electronic or computer* or online) adj database*) or bids or cochrane or embase or index medicus or isi citation or medline or psyclit or psychlit or scisearch or science citation or (web adj2 science)).ti,ab.) and (review*.ti,ab,sh,pt. or systematic*.ti,ab.)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">48 use mesz</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">50</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(computer searching.sh,id. or (((electronic or computer* or online) adj database*) or bids or cochrane or embase or index medicus or isi citation or medline or psyclit or psychlit or scisearch or science citation or (web adj2 science)).ti,ab.) and (review*.ti,ab,pt. or systematic*.ti,ab.)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">51</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">50 use psyh</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">52</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((analy* or assessment* or evidence* or methodol* or quantativ* or systematic*) adj2 (overview* or review*)).tw. or ((analy* or assessment* or evidence* or methodol* or quantativ* or systematic*).ti. and review*.ti,pt.) or (systematic* adj2 search*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">53</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(metaanal* or meta anal*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">54</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(research adj (review* or integration)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">55</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">reference list*.ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">56</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">bibliograph*.ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">57</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">published studies.ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">58</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">relevant journals.ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">59</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">selection criteria.ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">60</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(data adj (extraction or synthesis)).ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">61</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(handsearch* or ((hand or manual) adj search*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">62</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mantel haenszel or peto or dersimonian or der simonian).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">63</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(fixed effect* or random effect*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">64</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((pool* or combined or combining) adj2 (data or trials or studies or results)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">65</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/41,43,45,47,49,51-64</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">66</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp &#x0201c;clinical trial (topic)&#x0201d;/ or exp clinical trial/ or crossover procedure/ or double blind procedure/ or placebo/ or randomization/ or random sample/ or single blind procedure/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">67</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">66 use emez</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">68</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp clinical trial/ or exp &#x0201c;clinical trials as topic&#x0201d;/ or cross-over studies/ or double-blind method/ or placebos/ or random allocation/ or single-blind method/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">69</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">68 use mesz</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">70</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(clinical trials or placebo or random sampling).sh,id.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">71</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">70 use psyh</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">72</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(clinical adj2 trial*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">73</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(crossover or cross over).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">74</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((single* or doubl* or trebl* or tripl*) adj2 blind*) or mask* or dummy or doubleblind* or singleblind* or trebleblind* or tripleblind*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">75</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(placebo* or random*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">76</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">treatment outcome*.md. use psyh</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">77</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">animals/ not human*.mp. use emez</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">78</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">animal*/ not human*/ use mesz</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">79</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(animal not human).po. use psyh</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">80</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/67,69,71-76</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">81</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">80 not (or/77-79)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">82</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/65,81</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">83</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10 and 39 and 82</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appbtab2"><div id="ch9.appb.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Date of last search: 31 January 2017</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appb.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appb.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Searches</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: Stress Disorders, Traumatic this term only</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: Combat Disorders this term only</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: Psychological Trauma this term only</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#4</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic this term only</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#5</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute this term only</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#6</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: Stress, Psychological this term only</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#7</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(&#x0201c;railway spine&#x0201d; or (rape near/2 trauma*) or reexperienc* or &#x0201c;re experienc*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;torture syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;traumatic neuros*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;traumatic stress&#x0201d;):ti (Word variations have been searched)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#8</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(&#x0201c;railway spine&#x0201d; or (rape near/2 trauma*) or reexperienc* or &#x0201c;re experienc*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;torture syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;traumatic neuros*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;traumatic stress&#x0201d;):ab (Word variations have been searched)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#9</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(trauma* and (avoidance or grief or horror or death* or nightmare* or &#x0201c;night mare*&#x0201d; or emotion*)):ti (Word variations have been searched)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#10</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(trauma* and (avoidance or grief or horror or death* or nightmare* or &#x0201c;night mare*&#x0201d; or emotion*)):ab (Word variations have been searched)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#11</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(posttraumatic* or &#x0201c;post traumatic*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;stress disorder*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;acute stress&#x0201d; or ptsd or asd or desnos or (&#x0201c;combat neuros*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;combat syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;concentration camp syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;extreme stress&#x0201d; or flashback* or &#x0201c;flash back*&#x0201d; or hypervigilan* or hypervigilen* or &#x0201c;psych* stress&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;psych* trauma*&#x0201d; or psychotrauma* or psychotrauma*) or (posttrauma* or traumagenic* or &#x0201c;traumatic stress*&#x0201d;)):ti (Word variations have been searched)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#12</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(posttraumatic* or &#x0201c;post traumatic*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;stress disorder*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;acute stress&#x0201d; or ptsd or asd or desnos or (&#x0201c;combat neuros*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;combat syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;concentration camp syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;extreme stress&#x0201d; or flashback* or &#x0201c;flash back*&#x0201d; or hypervigilan* or hypervigilen* or &#x0201c;psych* stress&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;psych* trauma*&#x0201d; or psychotrauma* or psychotrauma*) or (posttrauma* or traumagenic* or &#x0201c;traumatic stress*&#x0201d;)):ab (Word variations have been searched)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#13</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#1 or #2 or #3 or #4 or #5 or #6 or #7 or #8 or #9 or #10 or #11 or #12</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appbtab3"><div id="ch9.appb.tab3" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Date of last search: 31 January 2017</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appb.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appb.tab3_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Searches</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s52</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s6 and s51</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s51</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s40 or s50</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s50</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s48 not s49</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s49</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mh &#x0201c;animals&#x0201d;) not (mh &#x0201c;human&#x0201d;)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s48</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s41 or s42 or s43 or s44 or s45 or s46 or s47</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s47</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( placebo* or random* ) or ab ( placebo* or random* )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s46</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( single blind* or double blind* or treble blind* or mask* or dummy* or singleblind* or doubleblind* or trebleblind* or tripleblind* ) or ab ( single blind* or double blind* or treble blind* or mask* or dummy* or singleblind* or doubleblind* or trebleblind* or tripleblind* )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s45</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( crossover or cross over ) or ab ( crossover or cross over )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s44</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti clinical n2 trial* or ab clinical n2 trial*</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s43</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mh &#x0201c;crossover design&#x0201d;) or (mh &#x0201c;placebos&#x0201d;) or (mh &#x0201c;random assignment&#x0201d;) or (mh &#x0201c;random sample&#x0201d;)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s42</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">mw double blind* or single blind* or triple blind*</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s41</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mh &#x0201c;clinical trials+&#x0201d;)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s40</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s7 or s8 or s9 or s10 or s11 or s12 or s13 or s14 or s15 or s16 or s17 or s18 or s19 or s20 or s21 or s22 or s23 or s29 or s30 or s31 or s34 or s35 or s36 or s37 or s38 or s39</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s39</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( analy* n5 review* or evidence* n5 review* or methodol* n5 review* or quantativ* n5 review* or systematic* n5 review* ) or ab ( analy* n5 review* or assessment* n5 review* or evidence* n5 review* or methodol* n5 review* or qualitativ* n5 review* or quantativ* n5 review* or systematic* n5 review* )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s38</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( pool* n2 results or combined n2 results or combining n2 results ) or ab ( pool* n2 results or combined n2 results or combining n2 results )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s37</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( pool* n2 studies or combined n2 studies or combining n2 studies ) or ab ( pool* n2 studies or combined n2 studies or combining n2 studies )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s36</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( pool* n2 trials or combined n2 trials or combining n2 trials ) or ab ( pool* n2 trials or combined n2 trials or combining n2 trials )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s35</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( pool* n2 data or combined n2 data or combining n2 data ) or ab ( pool* n2 data or combined n2 data or combining n2 data )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s34</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s32 and s33</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s33</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti review* or pt review*</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s32</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti analy* or assessment* or evidence* or methodol* or quantativ* or qualitativ* or systematic*</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s31</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti &#x0201c;systematic* n5 search*&#x0201d; or ab &#x0201c;systematic* n5 search*&#x0201d;</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s30</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti &#x0201c;systematic* n5 review*&#x0201d; or ab &#x0201c;systematic* n5 review*&#x0201d;</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s29</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(s24 or s25 or s26) and (s27 or s28)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s28</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti systematic* or ab systematic*</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s27</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">tx review* or mw review* or pt review*</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s26</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mh &#x0201c;cochrane library&#x0201d;)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s25</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( bids or cochrane or embase or &#x0201c;index medicus&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;isi citation&#x0201d; or medline or psyclit or psychlit or scisearch or &#x0201c;science citation&#x0201d; or web n2 science ) or ab ( bids or cochrane or &#x0201c;index medicus&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;isi citation&#x0201d; or psyclit or psychlit or scisearch or &#x0201c;science citation&#x0201d; or web n2 science )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s24</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( &#x0201c;electronic database*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;bibliographic database*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;computeri?ed database*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;online database*&#x0201d; ) or ab ( &#x0201c;electronic database*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;bibliographic database*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;computeri?ed database*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;online database*&#x0201d; )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s23</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mh &#x0201c;literature review&#x0201d;)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s22</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">pt systematic* or pt meta*</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s21</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( &#x0201c;fixed effect*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;random effect*&#x0201d; ) or ab ( &#x0201c;fixed effect*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;random effect*&#x0201d; )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s20</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( &#x0201c;mantel haenszel&#x0201d; or peto or dersimonian or &#x0201c;der simonian&#x0201d; ) or ab ( &#x0201c;mantel haenszel&#x0201d; or peto or dersimonian or &#x0201c;der simonian&#x0201d; )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s19</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( handsearch* or &#x0201c;hand search*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;manual search*&#x0201d; ) or ab ( handsearch* or &#x0201c;hand search*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;manual search*&#x0201d; )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s18</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ab &#x0201c;data extraction&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;data synthesis&#x0201d;</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s17</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ab &#x0201c;selection criteria&#x0201d;</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s16</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ab &#x0201c;relevant journals&#x0201d;</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s15</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ab &#x0201c;published studies&#x0201d;</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s14</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ab bibliograph*</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s13</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti &#x0201c;reference list*&#x0201d;</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s12</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ab &#x0201c;reference list*&#x0201d;</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s11</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( &#x0201c;research review*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;research integration&#x0201d; ) or ab ( &#x0201c;research review*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;research integration&#x0201d; )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s10</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( metaanal* or &#x0201c;meta anal*&#x0201d; or metasynthes* or &#x0201c;meta synethes*&#x0201d; ) or ab ( metaanal* or &#x0201c;meta anal*&#x0201d; or metasynthes* or &#x0201c;meta synethes*&#x0201d; )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s9</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mh &#x0201c;meta analysis&#x0201d;)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s8</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mh &#x0201c;systematic review&#x0201d;)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s7</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mh &#x0201c;literature searching+&#x0201d;)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s6</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s1 or s2 or s3 or s4 or s5</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s5</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( (posttraumatic* or &#x0201c;post traumatic*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;stress disorder*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;acute stress&#x0201d; or ptsd or asd or desnos or (&#x0201c;combat neuros*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;combat syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;concentration camp syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;extreme stress&#x0201d; or flashback* or &#x0201c;flash back*&#x0201d; or hypervigilan* or hypervigilen* or &#x0201c;psych* stress&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;psych* trauma*&#x0201d; or psychotrauma* or psychotrauma*) or (posttrauma* or traumagenic* or &#x0201c;traumatic stress*&#x0201d;)) ) or ab ( (posttraumatic* or &#x0201c;post traumatic*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;stress disorder*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;acute stress&#x0201d; or ptsd or asd or desnos or (&#x0201c;combat neuros*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;combat syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;concentration camp syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;extreme stress&#x0201d; or flashback* or &#x0201c;flash back*&#x0201d; or hypervigilan* or hypervigilen* or &#x0201c;psych* stress&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;psych* trauma*&#x0201d; or psychotrauma* or psychotrauma*) or (posttrauma* or traumagenic* or &#x0201c;traumatic stress*&#x0201d;)) )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s4</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( (trauma* and (avoidance or grief or horror or death* or nightmare* or &#x0201c;night mare*&#x0201d; or emotion*)) ) or ab ( (trauma* and (avoidance or grief or horror or death* or nightmare* or &#x0201c;night mare*&#x0201d; or emotion*)) )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ti ( (&#x0201c;railway spine&#x0201d; or (rape near/2 trauma*) or reexperienc* or &#x0201c;re experienc*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;torture syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;traumatic neuros*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;traumatic stress&#x0201d;) ) or ab ( (&#x0201c;railway spine&#x0201d; or (rape near/2 trauma*) or reexperienc* or &#x0201c;re experienc*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;torture syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;traumatic neuros*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;traumatic stress&#x0201d;) )</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mh &#x0201c;stress, psychological&#x0201d;)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">s1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mh &#x0201c;stress disorders, post-traumatic&#x0201d;)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appbtab4"><div id="ch9.appb.tab4" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Date of last search: 1 March 2018</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appb.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appb.tab4_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Searches</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*acute stress/ or *behavioural stress/ or *emotional stress/ or *critical incident stress/ or *mental stress/ or *posttraumatic stress disorder/ or *psychotrauma/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*acute stress/ or *behavioural stress/ or *emotional stress/ or *critical incident stress/ or *mental stress/ or *posttraumatic stress disorder/ or *psychotrauma/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 use emez</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">stress disorders, traumatic/ or combat disorders/ or psychological trauma/ or stress disorders, post-traumatic/ or stress disorders, traumatic, acute/ or stress, psychological/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3 use mesz, prem</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp posttraumatic stress disorder/ or acute stress disorder/ or combat experience/ or &#x0201c;debriefing (psychological)&#x0201d;/ or emotional trauma/ or post-traumatic stress/ or traumatic neurosis/ or &#x0201c;trauma&#x0201d;/ or stress reactions/ or psychological stress/ or chronic stress/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5 use psyh</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(railway spine or (rape adj2 trauma*) or reexperienc* or re experienc* or torture syndrome or traumatic neuros* or traumatic stress).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(trauma* and (avoidance or grief or horror or death* or nightmare* or night mare* or emotion*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(posttraumatic* or post traumatic* or stress disorder* or acute stress or ptsd or asd or desnos or (combat neuros* or combat syndrome or concentration camp syndrome or extreme stress or flashback* or flash back* or hypervigilan* or hypervigilen* or psych* stress or psych* trauma* or psycho?trauma* or psychotrauma*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/2,4,6-9</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">budget/ or exp economic evaluation/ or exp fee/ or funding/ or exp health care cost/ or health economics/ or exp pharmacoeconomics/ or resource allocation/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">151 use emez</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp budgets/ or exp &#x0201c;costs and cost analysis&#x0201d;/ or economics/ or exp economics, hospital/ or exp economics, medical/ or economics, nursing/ or economics, pharmaceutical/ or exp &#x0201c;fees and charges&#x0201d;/ or value of life/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">153 use mesz, prem</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp &#x0201c;costs and cost analysis&#x0201d;/ or cost containment/ or economics/ or finance/ or funding/ or &#x0201c;health care economics&#x0201d;/ or pharmacoeconomics/ or exp professional fees/ or resource allocation/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">155 use psyh</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">17</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(cost* or economic* or pharmacoeconomic* or pharmaco economic*).ti. or (cost* adj2 (effective* or utilit* or benefit* or minimi*)).ab. or (budget* or fee or fees or financ* or price or prices or pricing or resource* allocat* or (value adj2 (monetary or money))).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/12,14,16-17</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">19</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">decision theory/ or decision tree/ or monte carlo method/ or nonbiological model/ or (statistical model/ and exp economic aspect/) or stochastic model/ or theoretical model/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">159 use emez</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">21</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp decision theory/ or markov chains/ or exp models, economic/ or models, organizational/ or models, theoretical/ or monte carlo method/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">161 use mesz, prem</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp decision theory/ or exp stochastic modeling/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">24</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">163 use psyh</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">25</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((decision adj (analy* or model* or tree*)) or economic model* or markov).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">26</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/20,22,24-25</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">27</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">quality adjusted life year/ or &#x0201c;quality of life index&#x0201d;/ or short form 12/ or short form 20/ or short form 36/ or short form 8/ or sickness impact profile/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">28</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">167 use emez</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">29</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">quality-adjusted life years/ or sickness impact profile/</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">169 use mesz, prem</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">31</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((disability or quality) adj adjusted) or (adjusted adj2 life)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">32</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(disutili* or dis utili* or (utilit* adj1 (health or score* or value* or weigh*))).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(health year equivalent* or hye or hyes).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">34</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(daly or qal or qald or qale or qaly or qtime* or qwb*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">discrete choice.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(euroqol* or euro qol* or eq5d* or eq 5d*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hui or hui1 or hui2 or hui3).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((general or quality) adj2 (wellbeing or well being)) or quality adjusted life or qwb or (value adj2 (money or monetary))).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">39</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(qol or hql* or hqol* or hrqol or hr ql or hrql).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">40</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">rosser.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">41</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">sickness impact profile.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">42</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(standard gamble or time trade* or tto or willingness to pay or wtp).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf36 or sf 36 or short form 36 or shortform 36 or shortform36).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf6 or sf 6 or short form 6 or shortform 6 or shortform6).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">45</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf12 or sf 12 or short form 12 or shortform 12 or shortform12).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">46</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf16 or sf 16 or short form 16 or shortform 16 or shortform16).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf20 or sf 20 or short form 20 or shortform 20 or shortform20).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">48</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf8 or sf 8 or short form 8 or shortform 8 or shortform8).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/28,30-48</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">50</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/18,26,49</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appbtab5"><div id="ch9.appb.tab5" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Date of last search: 1 March 2018</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appb.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appb.tab5_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Searches</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: Stress Disorders, Traumatic this term only</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: Combat Disorders this term only</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: Psychological Trauma this term only</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#4</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic this term only</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#5</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute this term only</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#6</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: Stress, Psychological this term only</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#7</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(&#x0201c;railway spine&#x0201d; or (rape near/2 trauma*) or reexperienc* or &#x0201c;re experienc*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;torture syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;traumatic neuros*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;traumatic stress&#x0201d;):ti (Word variations have been searched)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#8</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(&#x0201c;railway spine&#x0201d; or (rape near/2 trauma*) or reexperienc* or &#x0201c;re experienc*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;torture syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;traumatic neuros*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;traumatic stress&#x0201d;):ab (Word variations have been searched)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#9</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(trauma* and (avoidance or grief or horror or death* or nightmare* or &#x0201c;night mare*&#x0201d; or emotion*)):ti (Word variations have been searched)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#10</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(trauma* and (avoidance or grief or horror or death* or nightmare* or &#x0201c;night mare*&#x0201d; or emotion*)):ab (Word variations have been searched)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#11</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(posttraumatic* or &#x0201c;post traumatic*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;stress disorder*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;acute stress&#x0201d; or ptsd or asd or desnos or (&#x0201c;combat neuros*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;combat syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;concentration camp syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;extreme stress&#x0201d; or flashback* or &#x0201c;flash back*&#x0201d; or hypervigilan* or hypervigilen* or &#x0201c;psych* stress&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;psych* trauma*&#x0201d; or psychotrauma* or psychotrauma*) or (posttrauma* or traumagenic* or &#x0201c;traumatic stress*&#x0201d;)):ti (Word variations have been searched)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#12</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(posttraumatic* or &#x0201c;post traumatic*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;stress disorder*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;acute stress&#x0201d; or ptsd or asd or desnos or (&#x0201c;combat neuros*&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;combat syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;concentration camp syndrome&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;extreme stress&#x0201d; or flashback* or &#x0201c;flash back*&#x0201d; or hypervigilan* or hypervigilen* or &#x0201c;psych* stress&#x0201d; or &#x0201c;psych* trauma*&#x0201d; or psychotrauma* or psychotrauma*) or (posttrauma* or traumagenic* or &#x0201c;traumatic stress*&#x0201d;)):ab (Word variations have been searched)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#13</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appb.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#1 or #2 or #3 or #4 or #5 or #6 or #7 or #8 or #9 or #10 or #11 or #12</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appcfig1"><div id="ch9.appc.fig1" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%201.%20Flow%20diagram%20of%20clinical%20article%20selection%20for%20review.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appcf1.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appcf1.jpg" alt="Figure 1. Flow diagram of clinical article selection for review." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 1</span><span class="title">Flow diagram of clinical article selection for review</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig1"><div id="ch9.appe.fig1" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%202.%20Telehealth%20versus%20in-person%20trauma-focused%20cognitive%20behavioural%20therapy%20(TF%20CBT)%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20PTSD%20symptoms%20(self-report).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef1.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef1.jpg" alt="Figure 2. Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptoms (self-report)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 2</span><span class="title">Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptoms (self-report)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig2"><div id="ch9.appe.fig2" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%203.%20Telehealth%20versus%20in-person%20trauma-focused%20cognitive%20behavioural%20therapy%20(TF%20CBT)%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20PTSD%20symptoms%20(CAPS).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef2.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef2.jpg" alt="Figure 3. Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptoms (CAPS)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 3</span><span class="title">Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptoms (CAPS)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig3"><div id="ch9.appe.fig3" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%204.%20Telehealth%20versus%20in-person%20trauma-focused%20cognitive%20behavioural%20therapy%20(TF%20CBT)%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Symptoms%20of%20Depression%20(BDI).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef3.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef3.jpg" alt="Figure 4. Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of Depression (BDI)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 4</span><span class="title">Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of Depression (BDI)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig4"><div id="ch9.appe.fig4" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%205.%20Telehealth%20versus%20in-person%20trauma-focused%20cognitive%20behavioural%20therapy%20(TF%20CBT)%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%20at%20posttreatment%3A%20Symptoms%20of%20Anxiety%20(BAI).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef4.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef4.jpg" alt="Figure 5. Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD at posttreatment: Symptoms of Anxiety (BAI)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 5</span><span class="title">Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD at posttreatment: Symptoms of Anxiety (BAI)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig5"><div id="ch9.appe.fig5" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%206.%20Telehealth%20versus%20in-person%20trauma-focused%20cognitive%20behavioural%20therapy%20(TF%20CBT)%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20who%20completed%20set%20amount%20of%20session%20(defined%20by%20each%20author).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef5.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef5.jpg" alt="Figure 6. Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number who completed set amount of session (defined by each author)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 6</span><span class="title">Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number who completed set amount of session (defined by each author)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig6"><div id="ch9.appe.fig6" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%207.%20Telehealth%20versus%20in-person%20trauma-focused%20cognitive%20behavioural%20therapy%20(TF%20CBT)%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Satisfaction.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef6.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef6.jpg" alt="Figure 7. Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Satisfaction." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 7</span><span class="title">Telehealth versus in-person trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF CBT) for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Satisfaction</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig7"><div id="ch9.appe.fig7" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%208.%20Technology%20supported%20TF-CBT%20versus%20standard%20TF-CBT%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20PTSD%20symptomology%20(UCLA%20Post-traumatic%20stress%20disorder%20index).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef7.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef7.jpg" alt="Figure 8. Technology supported TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (UCLA Post-traumatic stress disorder index)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 8</span><span class="title">Technology supported TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (UCLA Post-traumatic stress disorder index)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig8"><div id="ch9.appe.fig8" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%209.%20Technology%20supported%20TF-CBT%20versus%20standard%20TF-CBT%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Symptoms%20of%20depression%20(Centre%20for%20epidemiological%20studies%20depression%20scale).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef8.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef8.jpg" alt="Figure 9. Technology supported TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of depression (Centre for epidemiological studies depression scale)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 9</span><span class="title">Technology supported TF-CBT versus standard TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of depression (Centre for epidemiological studies depression scale)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig9"><div id="ch9.appe.fig9" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2010.%20Collaborative%20care%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20PTSD%20symptomology%20(self-report).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef9.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef9.jpg" alt="Figure 10. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (self-report)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 10</span><span class="title">Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (self-report)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig10"><div id="ch9.appe.fig10" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2011.%20Collaborative%20care%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20PTSD%20symptomology%20(CAPS).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef10.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef10.jpg" alt="Figure 11. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (CAPS)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 11</span><span class="title">Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (CAPS)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig11"><div id="ch9.appe.fig11" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2012.%20Collaborative%20care%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Alcohol%20misuse%20(alcohol%20use%20disorders%20identification%20test).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef11.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef11.jpg" alt="Figure 12. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Alcohol misuse (alcohol use disorders identification test)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 12</span><span class="title">Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Alcohol misuse (alcohol use disorders identification test)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig12"><div id="ch9.appe.fig12" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2013.%20Collaborative%20care%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Symptoms%20of%20depression%20(self-report).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef12.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef12.jpg" alt="Figure 13. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of depression (self-report)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 13</span><span class="title">Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of depression (self-report)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig13"><div id="ch9.appe.fig13" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2014.%20Collaborative%20care%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Mean%20number%20of%20psychotherapy%20sessions%20attended.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef13.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef13.jpg" alt="Figure 14. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 14</span><span class="title">Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig14"><div id="ch9.appe.fig14" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2015.%20Collaborative%20care%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20completing%20set%20number%20of%20sessions%20(defined%20by%20author).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef14.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef14.jpg" alt="Figure 15. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number completing set number of sessions (defined by author)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 15</span><span class="title">Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number completing set number of sessions (defined by author)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig15"><div id="ch9.appe.fig15" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2016.%20Collaborative%20care%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Medication%20adherence.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef15.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef15.jpg" alt="Figure 16. Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Medication adherence." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 16</span><span class="title">Collaborative care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Medication adherence</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig16"><div id="ch9.appe.fig16" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2017.%20Engagement%20strategies%20versus%20Treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20PTSD%20symptomology%20(self-report).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef16.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef16.jpg" alt="Figure 17. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (self-report)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 17</span><span class="title">Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (self-report)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig17"><div id="ch9.appe.fig17" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2018.%20Engagement%20strategies%20versus%20Treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Mental%20health%20(SF-12%2C%20mental%20component)%20at%2026%20week%20follow%20up.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef17.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef17.jpg" alt="Figure 18. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Mental health (SF-12, mental component) at 26 week follow up." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 18</span><span class="title">Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Mental health (SF-12, mental component) at 26 week follow up</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig18"><div id="ch9.appe.fig18" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2019.%20Engagement%20strategies%20versus%20Treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Symptoms%20of%20depression%20(self-report).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef18.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef18.jpg" alt="Figure 19. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of depression (self-report)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 19</span><span class="title">Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of depression (self-report)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig19"><div id="ch9.appe.fig19" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2020.%20Engagement%20strategies%20versus%20Treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Mean%20number%20of%20psychotherapy%20sessions%20attended.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef19.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef19.jpg" alt="Figure 20. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 20</span><span class="title">Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig20"><div id="ch9.appe.fig20" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2021.%20Engagement%20strategies%20versus%20Treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20of%20participants%20who%20arrived%20at%20a%20treatment%20choice.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef20.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef20.jpg" alt="Figure 21. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number of participants who arrived at a treatment choice." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 21</span><span class="title">Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number of participants who arrived at a treatment choice</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig21"><div id="ch9.appe.fig21" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2022.%20Engagement%20strategies%20versus%20Treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20of%20participants%20seeking%20PTSD%20treatment.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef21.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef21.jpg" alt="Figure 22. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number of participants seeking PTSD treatment." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 22</span><span class="title">Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number of participants seeking PTSD treatment</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig22"><div id="ch9.appe.fig22" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2023.%20Engagement%20strategies%20versus%20Treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20of%20participants%20who%20completed%20set%20number%20of%20psychotherapy%20sessions.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef22.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef22.jpg" alt="Figure 23. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number of participants who completed set number of psychotherapy sessions." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 23</span><span class="title">Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number of participants who completed set number of psychotherapy sessions</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig23"><div id="ch9.appe.fig23" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2024.%20Engagement%20strategies%20versus%20Treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20of%20people%20using%20the%20website.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef23.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef23.jpg" alt="Figure 24. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number of people using the website." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 24</span><span class="title">Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number of people using the website</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig24"><div id="ch9.appe.fig24" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2025.%20Engagement%20strategies%20versus%20Treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Mean%20time%20using%20the%20website%20during%20hospital%20stay.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef24.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef24.jpg" alt="Figure 25. Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Mean time using the website during hospital stay." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 25</span><span class="title">Engagement strategies versus Treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Mean time using the website during hospital stay</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig25"><div id="ch9.appe.fig25" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2026.%20Engagement%20strategies%20versus%20trauma-informed%20care%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20PTSD%20symptomology%20(IES-R).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef25.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef25.jpg" alt="Figure 26. Engagement strategies versus trauma-informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (IES-R)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 26</span><span class="title">Engagement strategies versus trauma-informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (IES-R)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig26"><div id="ch9.appe.fig26" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2027.%20Engagement%20strategies%20versus%20trauma-informed%20care%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Symptom%20of%20depression%20(BDI).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef26.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef26.jpg" alt="Figure 27. Engagement strategies versus trauma-informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptom of depression (BDI)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 27</span><span class="title">Engagement strategies versus trauma-informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptom of depression (BDI)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig27"><div id="ch9.appe.fig27" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2028.%20Engagement%20strategies%20versus%20trauma-informed%20care%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Symptoms%20of%20anxiety%20(STAI).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef27.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef27.jpg" alt="Figure 28. Engagement strategies versus trauma-informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of anxiety (STAI)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 28</span><span class="title">Engagement strategies versus trauma-informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of anxiety (STAI)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig28"><div id="ch9.appe.fig28" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2029.%20Information%20and%20support%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20meeting%20%3E30%20on%20IES.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef28.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef28.jpg" alt="Figure 29. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number meeting &#x0003e;30 on IES." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 29</span><span class="title">Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number meeting &#x0003e;30 on IES</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig29"><div id="ch9.appe.fig29" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2030.%20Information%20and%20support%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20PTSD%20symptomology%20(IES-R).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef29.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef29.jpg" alt="Figure 30. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (IES-R)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 30</span><span class="title">Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (IES-R)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig30"><div id="ch9.appe.fig30" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2031.%20Information%20and%20support%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20scoring%20greater%20or%20above%208%20on%20HADS-A.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef30.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef30.jpg" alt="Figure 31. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring greater or above 8 on HADS-A." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 31</span><span class="title">Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring greater or above 8 on HADS-A</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig31"><div id="ch9.appe.fig31" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2032.%20Information%20and%20support%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20scoring%208%20or%20above%20on%20HADS-D%20scale.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef31.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef31.jpg" alt="Figure 32. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring 8 or above on HADS-D scale." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 32</span><span class="title">Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring 8 or above on HADS-D scale</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig32"><div id="ch9.appe.fig32" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2033.%20Information%20and%20support%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Discontinuation%20(for%20any%20reason).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef32.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef32.jpg" alt="Figure 33. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Discontinuation (for any reason)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 33</span><span class="title">Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Discontinuation (for any reason)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig33"><div id="ch9.appe.fig33" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2034.%20Information%20and%20support%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Depression%20(HADS).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef33.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef33.jpg" alt="Figure 34. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Depression (HADS)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 34</span><span class="title">Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Depression (HADS)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig34"><div id="ch9.appe.fig34" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2035.%20Information%20and%20support%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Anxiety%20(HADS-A).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef34.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef34.jpg" alt="Figure 35. Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Anxiety (HADS-A)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 35</span><span class="title">Information and support versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Anxiety (HADS-A)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig35"><div id="ch9.appe.fig35" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2036.%20Family%20conference%20with%20a%20nurse%20versus%20family%20conference%20without%20a%20nurse%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20scoring%20equal%20or%20above%2022%20on%20(IES-R)%20at%2013%20week%20follow%20up.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef35.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef35.jpg" alt="Figure 36. Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring equal or above 22 on (IES-R) at 13 week follow up." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 36</span><span class="title">Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring equal or above 22 on (IES-R) at 13 week follow up</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig36"><div id="ch9.appe.fig36" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2037.%20Family%20conference%20with%20a%20nurse%20versus%20family%20conference%20without%20a%20nurse%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20scoring%208%20or%20above%20on%20HADS-D%20at%2013%20weeks%20follow-up.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef36.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef36.jpg" alt="Figure 37. Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring 8 or above on HADS-D at 13 weeks follow-up." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 37</span><span class="title">Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring 8 or above on HADS-D at 13 weeks follow-up</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig37"><div id="ch9.appe.fig37" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2038.%20Family%20conference%20with%20a%20nurse%20versus%20family%20conference%20without%20a%20nurse%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20scoring%20above%208%20on%20symptoms%20HADS-A%20at%2013%20weeks%20follow-up.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef37.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef37.jpg" alt="Figure 38. Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring above 8 on symptoms HADS-A at 13 weeks follow-up." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 38</span><span class="title">Family conference with a nurse versus family conference without a nurse for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number scoring above 8 on symptoms HADS-A at 13 weeks follow-up</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig38"><div id="ch9.appe.fig38" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2039.%20Decision%20aids%20versus%20placebo%20session%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20completing%20%3E9%20sessions.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef38.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef38.jpg" alt="Figure 39. Decision aids versus placebo session for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number completing &#x0003e;9 sessions." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 39</span><span class="title">Decision aids versus placebo session for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number completing &#x0003e;9 sessions</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig39"><div id="ch9.appe.fig39" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2040.%20Stepped%20care%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20PTSD%20symptomology%20(TSCYC).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef39.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef39.jpg" alt="Figure 40. Stepped care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (TSCYC)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 40</span><span class="title">Stepped care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (TSCYC)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig40"><div id="ch9.appe.fig40" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2041.%20Stepped%20care%20versus%20treatment%20as%20usual%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20PTSD%20symptomology%20(CGI).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef40.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef40.jpg" alt="Figure 41. Stepped care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (CGI)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 41</span><span class="title">Stepped care versus treatment as usual for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (CGI)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig41"><div id="ch9.appe.fig41" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2042.%20School%20based%20TF-CBT%20versus%20in-clinic%20TF-CBT%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20PTSD%20symptomology%20(CPSS).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef41.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef41.jpg" alt="Figure 42. School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (CPSS)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 42</span><span class="title">School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: PTSD symptomology (CPSS)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig42"><div id="ch9.appe.fig42" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2043.%20School%20based%20TF-CBT%20versus%20in-clinic%20TF-CBT%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Symptoms%20of%20depression%20(CDI).&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef42.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef42.jpg" alt="Figure 43. School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of depression (CDI)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 43</span><span class="title">School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Symptoms of depression (CDI)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig43"><div id="ch9.appe.fig43" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2044.%20School%20based%20TF-CBT%20versus%20in-clinic%20TF-CBT%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20completing%20intervention.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef43.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef43.jpg" alt="Figure 44. School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number completing intervention." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 44</span><span class="title">School based TF-CBT versus in-clinic TF-CBT for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number completing intervention</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch9appefig44"><div id="ch9.appe.fig44" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2045.%20Motivational%20enhancement%20versus%20trauma%20informed%20care%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20clinically%20important%20symptoms%2FPTSD%3A%20Number%20completing%20sessions.&amp;p=BOOKS&amp;id=560207_ch9appef44.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK560207/bin/ch9appef44.jpg" alt="Figure 45. Motivational enhancement versus trauma informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number completing sessions." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 45</span><span class="title">Motivational enhancement versus trauma informed care for the treatment of clinically important symptoms/PTSD: Number completing sessions</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appftab1"><div id="ch9.appf.tab1" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appf.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Telehealth</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">in-person</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptoms (self-report) &#x02013; post-treatment (Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">240</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">329</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.15 lower (0.32 lower to 0.03 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptoms (self-report) - 12-13 week follow up (follow-up mean 12.5 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">237</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">287</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.22 lower (0.4 to 0.04 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptoms (self-report) - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">319</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">362</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.21 lower (0.37 to 0.06 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptoms (all tools combined) - 52 week follow up (follow-up mean 52 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">254</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">238</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.31 higher (0.14 to 0.49 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD (CAPS) &#x02013; Post-treatment (Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">147</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">153</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.33 lower (0.56 to 0.1 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD (CAPS) - 12-13 week follow up (follow-up mean 12.5 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">147</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">153</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.34 lower (0.57 to 0.11 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD (CAPS) - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">122</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">127</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.35 lower (0.6 to 0.1 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beck Depression Inventory &#x02013; Post-treatment (Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">123</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">201</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.1 lower (0.34 lower to 0.15 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beck Depression Inventory - 12-13 week follow up (follow-up mean 12.5 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">113</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">157</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.09 higher (0.17 lower to 0.34 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beck Depression Inventory - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">64</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.69 higher (0.08 to 1.29 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beck Depression Inventory - 52 week follow up (follow-up mean 52 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">69</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">71</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.1 higher (0.23 lower to 0.43 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number completed set amount of session (defined by each author)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>235/328</p>
<p>(71.6%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>260/345</p>
<p>(75.4%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.95 (0.87 to 1.04)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38 fewer per 1000 (from 98 fewer to 30 more)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Satisfaction (Better indicated by higher values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beck Anxiety Inventory (post-treatment) (Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>5</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab1_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CAPS=Clinician-administered PTSD scale; CI= confidence interval; PTSD=post-traumatic stress disorder; RR=risk ratio; SMD=standard mean difference</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab1_1"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab1_2"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab1_3"><p class="no_margin">Heterogeneity; I2 &#x0003e; 50%</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab1_4"><p class="no_margin">Number of participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab1_5"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence interval crosses a line of imprecision (either &#x02212;0.5 or 0.5)</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appftab2"><div id="ch9.appf.tab2" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appf.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Technology supported TF-CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Standard TF-CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (UCLA Post-traumatic stress disorder index) (Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (Centre for epidemiological studies depression scale) (Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CI=confidence interval; PTSD=post-traumatic stress disorder; TF-CBT=Trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab2_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab2_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab2_3"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab2_4"><p class="no_margin">No explanation was provided</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appftab3"><div id="ch9.appf.tab3" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appf.tab3_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Collaborative care</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Treatment as usual</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD Symptomology (self-report) - Post-treatment (Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">28</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.13 higher (0.34 lower to 0.61 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD Symptomology (self-report) - 4.3 week follow up (follow-up mean 4.3 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">189</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">189</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.1 higher (0.1 lower to 0.3 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD Symptomology (self-report) - 13 week follow up (follow-up mean 13 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">285</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">288</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.14 lower (0.31 lower to 0.02 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD Symptomology (self-report) - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>5</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">397</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">406</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.45 lower (0.6 to 0.31 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD Symptomology (self-report) - 39 week follow up (follow-up mean 39 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">104</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">103</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.79 lower (1.07 to 0.51 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD Symptomology (self-report) - 52 week follow up (follow-up mean 52 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">215</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">217</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.51 lower (0.7 to 0.32 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (CAPS) - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">184</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">171</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.23 lower (0.44 to 0.02 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (CAPS) - 52 week follow up (follow-up mean 52 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">184</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">171</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.31 higher (0.1 to 0.52 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Alcohol misuse (Alcohol use disorders identification test) - Post-treatment (Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">28</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.57 lower (1.05 to 0.08 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Alcohol misuse (Alcohol use disorders identification test) - 4.3 week follow up (follow-up mean 4.3 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">189</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">189</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.08 higher (0.13 lower to 0.28 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Alcohol misuse (Alcohol use disorders identification test) - 13 week follow up (follow-up mean 13 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">189</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">189</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.06 lower (0.26 lower to 0.14 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Alcohol misuse (Alcohol use disorders identification test) - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">220</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">224</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.03 lower (0.22 lower to 0.16 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Alcohol misuse (Alcohol use disorders identification test) - 39 week follow up (follow-up mean 39 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">104</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">103</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.5 higher (0.22 to 0.77 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Alcohol misuse (Alcohol use disorders identification test) - 52 week follow up (follow-up mean 52 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">104</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">103</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.34 higher (0.06 to 0.61 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (self-report) - post-treatment (Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">31</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.75 higher (3.18 lower to 4.68 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 4.3 week follow up (follow-up mean 4.3 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">189</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">189</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.39 higher (0.16 lower to 0.94 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 13 week follow up (follow-up mean 13 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious inconsistency<sup>5</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">285</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">288</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.01 higher (0.14 lower to 0.16 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>5</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">397</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">406</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.01 lower (0.12 lower to 0.1 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 39 week follow up (follow-up mean 39 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">104</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">103</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.9 lower (1.59 to 0.21 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 52 week follow up (follow-up mean 52 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">215</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">217</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.24 lower (0.41 to 0.07 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended (Better indicated by higher values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>5</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">229</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">231</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.45 higher (0.26 to 0.63 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number completing set number of sessions (defined by author)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>7</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>44/229</p>
<p>(19.2%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>13/231</p>
<p>(5.6%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 3.4 (1.88 to 6.16)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">135 more per 1000 (from 50 more to 290 more)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Medication adherence</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>130/229</p>
<p>(56.8%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>135/231</p>
<p>(58.4%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.97 (0.83 to 1.13)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18 fewer per 1000 (from 99 fewer to 76 more)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab3_1_1_45_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CAPS=clinician-administered PTSD scale; CI=confidence interval; MD=mean difference; PTSD=post-traumatic stress disorder; RR=risk ratio; SMD=standard mean difference</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab3_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab3_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab3_3"><p class="no_margin">Number of participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab3_4"><p class="no_margin">Heterogeneity; I<sup>2</sup> &#x0003e; 50%</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab3_5"><p class="no_margin">Very high heterogeneity, I<sup>2</sup> &#x0003e;80%</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab3_6"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence interval crosses a line of imprecision (either &#x02212;0.5 or 0.5)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>7</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab3_7"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence intervals cross both lines of impression (&#x02212;0.5 and 0.5)</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appftab4"><div id="ch9.appf.tab4" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appf.tab4_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Engagement strategies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Treatment as usual</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 4.3 weeks follow up (follow-up mean 4.3 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">183</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">212</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.23 lower (0.42 to 0.03 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 13 week follow up (follow-up mean 13 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">183</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">212</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.36 lower (0.56 to 0.16 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>5</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">246</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">277</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.14 lower (0.31 lower to 0.04 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 17 week follow up (follow-up mean 17 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">603</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">590</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.06 lower (0.17 lower to 0.06 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (self-report) - 52 week follow up (follow-up mean 52 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">603</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">590</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.09 lower (0.21 lower to 0.02 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 4.3 week follow up (follow-up mean 4.3 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">183</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">212</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.15 lower (0.34 lower to 0.05 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 13 week follow up (follow-up mean 13 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">183</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">212</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.36 lower (0.56 to 0.16 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 17 week follow up (follow-up mean 17 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">603</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">590</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.1 lower (0.22 lower to 0.01 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">183</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">212</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.08 higher (0.11 lower to 0.28 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (self-report) - 52 week follow up (follow-up mean 52 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">603</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">590</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.18 lower (0.29 to 0.06 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - post-treatment (Better indicated by higher values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">189</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">189</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.14 higher (0.26 to 2.02 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - 4.3 week follow up (follow-up mean 4.3 weeks; Better indicated by higher values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">123</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">151</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.18 higher (0.01 lower to 0.37 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - 13 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by higher values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">123</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">151</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.41 higher (0.04 lower to 0.86 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_25_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by higher values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">123</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">151</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.59 higher (0.56 lower to 3.74 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_27_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean number of psychotherapy sessions attended - 39 week follow up (follow-up mean 39 weeks; Better indicated by higher values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">189</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">165</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.56 higher (1.52 lower to 2.64 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_29_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number of participants who arrived at a treatment choice</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>60/63</p>
<p>(95.2%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>25/65</p>
<p>(38.5%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_31_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number of participants seeking PTSD treatment - 4.3 weeks follow up (follow-up mean 4.3 weeks)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>22/103</p>
<p>(21.4%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>14/121</p>
<p>(11.6%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 1.85 (1 to 3.42)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">98 more per 1000 (from 0 more to 280 more)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_33_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number of participants seeking PTSD treatment - 13 weeks follow up (follow-up mean 13 weeks)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>38/99</p>
<p>(38.4%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>34/110</p>
<p>(30.9%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 1.24 (0.85 to 1.81)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">74 more per 1000 (from 46 fewer to 250 more)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_35_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number of participants seeking PTSD treatment - 26 weeks follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>65/111</p>
<p>(58.6%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>61/131</p>
<p>(46.6%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 1.26 (0.99 to 1.6)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">121 more per 1000 (from 5 fewer to 279 more)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_37_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number of participants who completed set number of psychotherapy sessions</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>53/216</p>
<p>(24.5%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>32/187</p>
<p>(17.1%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 1.44 (1.04 to 2)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">75 more per 1000 (from 7 more to 171 more)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_39_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number of people using the website</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>4</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>6</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>19/60</p>
<p>(31.7%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>7/61</p>
<p>(11.5%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_41_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mean time using the website during hospital stay (Better indicated by higher values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">60</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">61</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab4_1_1_43_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CI=confidence interval; MD=mean difference; PTSD=post-traumatic stress disorder; RR=risk ratio; SMD=standard mean difference</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab4_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab4_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab4_3"><p class="no_margin">High heterogeneity; I2 &#x0003e;50%</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab4_4"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab4_5"><p class="no_margin">Very high heterogeneity, I2 &#x0003e;80%</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab4_6"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence interval crosses a line of imprecision (either 0.5 or 5.0)</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appftab5"><div id="ch9.appf.tab5" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appf.tab5_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Engagement strategies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TIC</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">32</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.15 lower (0.65 lower to 0.35 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology - 52 week follow up (follow-up mean 52 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">27</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.21 lower (0.71 lower to 0.28 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology - 78 week follow up (follow-up mean 78 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">24</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0 higher (0.51 lower to 0.51 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (BDI) - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">31</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.05 higher (0.45 lower to 0.55 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (BDI) - 52 week follow up (follow-up mean 52 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">28</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.2 lower (0.69 lower to 0.29 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (BDI) - 78 week follow up (follow-up mean 78 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.32 lower (0.85 lower to 0.2 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of anxiety (STAI) - 26 week follow up (follow-up mean 26 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">31</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.83 lower (1.36 to 0.31 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of anxiety (STAI) - 52 week follow up (follow-up mean 52 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">27</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.5 lower (1 lower to 0.01 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of anxiety (STAI) - 78 week follow up (follow-up mean 78 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.34 lower (0.86 lower to 0.18 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab5_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CI=confidence interval; PTSD=post-traumatic stress disorder; SMD=standard mean difference; STAI=State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; TIC=trauma informed care</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab5_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab5_2"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appftab6"><div id="ch9.appf.tab6" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appf.tab6_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Information and support</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TAU</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number meeting &#x0003e;30 on IES (follow-up 0-52 weeks)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>51/253</p>
<p>(20.2%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>83/260</p>
<p>(31.9%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.63 (0.47 to 0.85)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">118 fewer per 1000 (from 48 fewer to 169 fewer)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number scoring greater or above 8 on HADS-A (follow-up 0-52 weeks)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>52/253</p>
<p>(20.6%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>63/260</p>
<p>(24.2%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.82 (0.6 to 1.11)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44 fewer per 1000 (from 97 fewer to 27 more)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number scoring 8 or above on HADS-D scale (follow-up 0-52 weeks)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>28/253</p>
<p>(11.1%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>47/260</p>
<p>(18.1%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RR 0.6 (0.39 to 0.93)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">72 fewer per 1000 (from 13 fewer to 110 fewer)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (measured with: IES-R; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 3.45 higher (5.2 lower to 12.1 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 0-32 weeks; measured with: self-report; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>5</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">199</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">184</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.06 higher (0.14 lower to 0.26 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 0-32 weeks; measured with: self-report; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">199</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">184</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.21 higher (0.01 to 0.41 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CI=confidence interval; HADS(-A/D)=Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(-Anxiety/Depression); IES(-R)=Impact of Event Scale(-Revised); MD=mean difference; PTSD=post-traumatic stress disorder; RR=risk ratio; SMD=standard mean difference; TAU=treatment as usual</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab6_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab6_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab6_3"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence interval crosses a line of imprecision (either 0.8 or 1.25)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab6_4"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab6_5"><p class="no_margin">High heterogeneity; I2 &#x0003e;50%</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appftab7"><div id="ch9.appf.tab7" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appf.tab7_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Family conference with a nurse</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Family conference without a nurse</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number scoring equal or above 22 on (IES-R) at 13 week follow up (follow-up mean 13 weeks)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>21/42</p>
<p>(50%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>23/44</p>
<p>(52.3%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number scoring 8 or above on HADS-D at 13 week follow up (follow-up mean 13 weeks)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>10/42</p>
<p>(23.8%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>17/44</p>
<p>(38.6%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number scoring above 8 on Symptoms HADS-A at 13 weeks (follow-up mean 13 weeks)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>14/42</p>
<p>(33.3%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>23/44</p>
<p>(52.3%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CI=confidence interval; IES-R=Impact of Event Scale-Revised; HADS(-A/D)=Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(-Anxiety/Depression)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab7_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab7_2"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab7_3"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence interval crosses a line of imprecision (either 0.8 or 1.25)</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appftab8"><div id="ch9.appf.tab8" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appf.tab8_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Decision aids</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Placebo</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number completing &#x0003e;9 sessions</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>3</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>4</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>4/9</p>
<p>(44.4%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>1/11</p>
<p>(9.1%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CI=confidence interval</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab8_1"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab8_2"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab8_3"><p class="no_margin">95% confidence interval crosses a line of imprecision (either 0.8 or 1.25)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab8_4"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appftab9"><div id="ch9.appf.tab9" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appf.tab9_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Stepped care</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TAU</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (TSCYC) (follow-up 0-13 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">70</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.37 lower (0.77 lower to 0.04 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (CGI) (follow-up 0-13 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">70</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.59 lower (0.91 to 0.27 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab9_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CI=confidence interval; CGI=Clinical Global Impression scale; MD=mean difference; SMD=standard mean difference; TAU=treatment as usual; TSCYC=Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab9_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab9_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab9_3"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appftab10"><div id="ch9.appf.tab10" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appf.tab10_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">School based therapy</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">in-clinic therapy</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD symptomology (CPSS) (follow-up mean 43 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">57</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Symptoms of depression (CDI) (follow-up mean 43 weeks; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">57</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number completing intervention (follow-up mean 43 weeks)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>57/58</p>
<p>(98.3%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>9/60</p>
<p>(15%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CI=confidence interval; PTSD=post-traumatic stress disorder; CDI=Children&#x02019;s Depression Inventory; CPSS= Child PTSD Symptom Scale</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab10_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab10_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab10_3"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appftab11"><div id="ch9.appf.tab11" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appf.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appf.tab11_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Motivational enhancement</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TIC</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Number completing sessions (follow-up mean 52 weeks)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>42/60</p>
<p>(70%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>30/54</p>
<p>(55.6%)</p>
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not pooled</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VERY LOW</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5 hd_b_ch9.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">CI=confidence interval; TIC=trauma informed care</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab11_1"><p class="no_margin">Assessors and participants not blinded</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab11_2"><p class="no_margin">Unclear randomisation/allocation methods</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="ch9.appf.tab11_3"><p class="no_margin">Number of total participants less than 400</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appktab1"><div id="ch9.appk.tab1" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appk.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appk.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study ID</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Search</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Reason for exclusion</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Ref 1</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Ref 2</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Batka 2016</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Population outside scope: Trials of soldiers on active service</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Batka, C., Tanielian, T., Woldetsadik, M. A., Farmer, C., Jaycox, L. H. (2016) Stakeholder Experiences in a Stepped Collaborative Care Study Within U.S. Army Clinics, Psychosomatics, 57, 586-597</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Chan 2011</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Intervention not targeted at PTSD symptoms</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Chan, D., Fan, M. Y., Unutzer, J. (2011) Long-term effectiveness of collaborative depression care in older primary care patients with and without PTSD symptoms, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 26, 758-764</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Christofides 2006</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Handsearch</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Population outside scope: Trials of people without PTSD</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Christofides, N. J., Muirhead, D., Jewkes, R. K., Penn-Kekana, L., &#x00026; Conco, D. N. (2006). Women&#x02019;s experiences of and preferences for services after rape in South Africa: Interview study. British Medical Journal, 332, 209&#x02013;213. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38664.482060.55" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">http://dx<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>&#8203;.doi.org/10<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>&#8203;.1136/bmj.38664.482060.55</a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Simiola, V., Neilson, E., Thompson, R., Cook, J. (2015) Preferences for trauma treatment: A systematic review of the empirical literature, Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 7, 516-524</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Chorpita 2017</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 7.1-7.2_organisation and delivery of care</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Population outside scope: &#x0003c;80% of the study&#x02019;s participants are eligible for the review and disaggregated data cannot be obtained</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Chorpita BF, Daleiden EL, Park AL, Ward AM, Levy MC, Cromley T, Chiu AW, Letamendi AM, Tsai KH, Krull JL. Child STEPs in California: A cluster randomized effectiveness trial comparing modular treatment with community implemented treatment for youth with anxiety, depression, conduct problems, or traumatic stress. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology. 2017 Jan;85(1):13.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Curtis 2016</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Population outside scope: Trials of people without PTSD</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Curtis, J. R., Treece, P. D., Nielsen, E. L., Gold, J., Ciechanowski, P. S., Shannon, S. E., Khandelwal, N., Young, J. P., Engelberg, R. A. (2016) Randomized Trial of Communication Facilitators to Reduce Family Distress and Intensity of End-of-Life Care, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 193, 154-62</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Fann 2009</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Handsearch</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Intervention not targeted at PTSD symptoms</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Fann, J. R., Jones, A. L., Dikmen, S. S., Temkin, N. R., Esselman, P. C., &#x00026; Bombardier, C. H. (2009). Depression treatment preferences after traumatic brain injury. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 24, 272&#x02013;278. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0b013e3181a66342" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">http://dx<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>&#8203;.doi.org/10<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>&#8203;.1097/HTR.0b013e3181a66342</a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Simiola, V., Neilson, E., Thompson, R., Cook, J. (2015) Preferences for trauma treatment: A systematic review of the empirical literature, Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 7, 516-524</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Foster 2017</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Population outside scope: Trials of people without PTSD</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Foster, K., Young, A., Mitchell, R., Van, C., Curtis, K. (2017) Experiences and needs of parents of critically injured children during the acute hospital phase: A qualitative investigation, Injury, 48, 114-120</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Greene 2010</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Subgroup/secondary analysis of RCT already included</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Greene, C. J., Morland, L. A., MacDonald, A., Frueh, B. C., Grubbs, K. M., Rosen, C. S. (2010) How does tele-mental health affect group therapy process? Secondary analysis of a noninferiority trial, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 746-750</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Gros 2011</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Handsearch</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Protocol</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Gros DF, Strachan M, Ruggiero KJ, Knapp RG, Frueh BC, Egede LE, Lejuez CW, Tuerk PW, Acierno R. Innovative service delivery for secondary prevention of PTSD in at-risk OIF&#x02013;OEF service men and women. Contemporary clinical trials. 2011 Jan 31;32(1):122-8.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Gros 2013</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Subgroup/secondary analysis that is not relevant</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Gros DF, Price M, Yuen EK, Acierno R. Predictors of completion of exposure therapy in OEF/OIF veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Depression and anxiety. 2013 Nov 1;30(11):1107-13.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Hegel 2005</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Subgroup/secondary analysis that is not relevant</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Hegel, M. T., Unutzer, J., Tang, L., Arean, P. A., Katon, W., Noel, P. H., Williams, J. W., Jr., Lin, E. H. (2005) Impact of comorbid panic and posttraumatic stress disorder on outcomes of collaborative care for late-life depression in primary care, American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 13, 48-58</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Hernandez-Tejada 2014</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes are not of interest</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Hernandez-Tejada, M. A., Zoller, J. S., Ruggiero, K. J., Kazley, A. S., Acierno, R. (2014) Early treatment withdrawal from evidence-based psychotherapy for PTSD: Telemedicine and in-person parameters, International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 48, 33-55</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Hinton 2012</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Paper unavailable</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01542372" title="Study NCT01542372" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT01542372</a>. Two Stepped Care Models for PTSD Among Cambodian Refugees With PTSD</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Hume &#x00026; Platt 2007</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Handsearch</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Population outside scope: Trials of people without PTSD</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Hume, M., &#x00026; Platt, S. (2007). Appropriate interventions for the prevention and management of self-harm: A qualitative exploration of service users&#x02019; views. BMC Public Health, 7, 9. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-7-9" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">http://dx<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>&#8203;.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-7-9</a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Simiola, V., Neilson, E., Thompson, R., Cook, J. (2015) Preferences for trauma treatment: A systematic review of the empirical literature, Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 7, 516-524</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Kelly 2015</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Comparison outside protocol</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Kelly, J. M., Jakubovski, E., Bloch, M. H. (2015) Prognostic subgroups for remission and response in the Coordinated Anxiety Learning and Management (CALM) trial, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 76, 267-278</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Moreau 2004</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Handsearch</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Population outside scope: Trials of people without PTSD</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Moreau, D., Goldgran-Toledano, D., Alberti, C., Jourdain, M., Adrie, C., Annane, D.(2004) Junior versus senior physicians for informing families of intensive care patients, American Journal of Research in Critical Care Medicine, 169, 512-517</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Morland 2010</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Intervention not targeted at PTSD symptoms</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Morland, L. A., Greene, C., Rosen, C., Foy, D., Reilly, P., Shore, J., He, Q., Frueh, C. (2010) Telemedicine for anger management therapy in a rural population of combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomised noninferiority trial, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 71, 855-863</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Morland 2013</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Intervention not targeted at PTSD symptoms</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Morland, L. A., Raab, M., Mackintosh, M. A., Rosen, C. S., Dismuke, C. E., Greene, C. J., Frueh, B. C. (2013) Telemedicine: a cost-reducing means of delivering psychotherapy to rural combat veterans with PTSD, Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association, 19, 754-759</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00619255" title="Study NCT00619255" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT00619255</a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Subgroup/secondary analysis of RCT already included</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00619255" title="Study NCT00619255" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT00619255</a>. Maternal Child Health Bureau Adolescent Trauma Recovery and Stress Disorders Collaborative Care (ATRSCC) Model Program Trial</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00645047" title="Study NCT00645047" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT00645047</a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Paper unavailable</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00645047" title="Study NCT00645047" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT00645047</a>. Randomized controlled equivalence trial comparing videoconference and face-to-face delivery of cognitive processing therapy for PTSD</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00941629" title="Study NCT00941629" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT00941629</a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Paper unavailable</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00941629" title="Study NCT00941629" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT00941629</a>. Randomized Controlled Equivalence Trial Comparing Videoconference and Face-to-Face Delivery of Cognitive Processing Therapy for PTSD</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01158001" title="Study NCT01158001" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT01158001</a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Paper unavailable</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01158001" title="Study NCT01158001" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT01158001</a>. Telemedicine for Improved Delivery of Psychosocial Treatments for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01915160" title="Study NCT01915160" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT01915160</a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Handsearch</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Unpublished (registered on <a href="http://clinicaltrials.gov" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">clinicaltrials<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>&#8203;.gov</a> and author contacted for full trial report but not provided)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01915160" title="Study NCT01915160" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT01915160</a>. Technology-Based Tools to Enhance Quality of Care in Mental Health Treatment. 2013. Available from: <a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01915160" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01915160</a> [accessed 11.07.2015]</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02274688" title="Study NCT02274688" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT02274688</a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Handsearch</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Unpublished (registered on <a href="http://clinicaltrials.gov" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">clinicaltrials<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>&#8203;.gov</a> and author contacted for full trial report but not provided)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02274688" title="Study NCT02274688" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT02274688</a>. A Comparative Effectiveness Trial of Optimal Patient-Centered Care for US Trauma Care Systems. 2013. Available from: <a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02274688" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02274688</a> [accessed 11.05.2017]</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Powell 2017</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes are not of interest</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Powell, J. M., Wise, E. K., Brockway, J. A., Fraser, R., Temkin, N., Bell, K. R. (2017) Characteristics and concerns of caregivers of adults with traumatic brain injury, Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 32, e33-e41</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rissanen 2015</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Population outside scope: Trials of people without PTSD</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rissanen, R., Nordin, K., Ahlgren, J., Arving, C. (2015) A stepped care stress management intervention on cancer-related traumatic stress symptoms among breast cancer patients - A randomized study in group vs. individual setting, Psycho-Oncology, 24, 1028-1035</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Roy-Byrne 2010</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Intervention not targeted at PTSD symptoms</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Roy-Byrne, P., Craske, M. G., Sullivan, G., Rose, R. D., Edlund, M. J., Lang, A. J., Bystritsky, A., Welch, S. S., Chavira, D. A., Golinelli, D., Campbell-Sills, L., Sherbourne, C. D., Stein, M. B. (2010) Delivery of evidence-based treatment for multiple anxiety disorders in primary care: A randomized controlled trial, JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, 303, 1921-1928</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Sherman 2015</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes are not of interest</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Sherman, M., Larsen, J., Borden, L. (2015) Broadening the focus in supporting reintegrating Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Six key domains of functioning, Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 46, 355-265</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Simiola 2015</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Systematic review with no new useable data and any meta-analysis results not appropriate to extract</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Simiola, V., Neilson, E., Thompson, R., Cook, J. (2015) Preferences for trauma treatment: A systematic review of the empirical literature, Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 7, 516-524</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Stalker 2005</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Non-randomised group assignment</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Stalker CA, Palmer SE, Wright DC, Gebotys R. Specialized inpatient trauma treatment for adults abused as children: A follow-up study. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2005 Mar 1;162(3):552-9.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Starks 2016</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Handsearch</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Efficacy or safety data cannot be extracted</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Starks, H., Doorenbos, A., Lindhorst, T., Bourget, E., Aisenberg, E., Oman, N., Rue, T., Curtis, J., Hays, R. (2016) The Family Communication Study: A randomized trial of prospective pediatric palliative care consultation, study methodology and perceptions of participation burden, Contemporary Clinical Trials, 49, 15-20</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Thorp 2010</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 7.1-7.2_organisation and delivery of care</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Unpublished (registered on clinical trials registry and author contacted for full trial report but not provided)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Thorp SR. Telemedicine for Improved Delivery of Psychosocial Treatments for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder [<a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01158001" title="Study NCT01158001" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=clinical-trial">NCT01158001</a>]. Available from: <a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01158001" ref="pagearea=body&amp;targetsite=external&amp;targetcat=link&amp;targettype=uri">https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01158001</a> [accessed 23.11.17]</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Wetherell 2013</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Subgroup/secondary analysis that is not relevant</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Wetherell, J. L., Petkus, A. J., Thorp, S. R., Stein, M. B., Chavira, D. A., Campbell-Sills, L., Craske, M. G., Sherbourne, C., Bystritsky, A., Sullivan, G., Roy-Byrne, P. (2013) Age differences in treatment response to a collaborative care intervention for anxiety disorders, The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 203, 65-72</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Wikehult 2008</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Intervention not targeted at PTSD symptoms</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Wikehult, B., Hedlund, M., Marsenic, M., Nyman, S., Willebrand, M. (2008) Evaluation of negative emotional care experiences in burn care, Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17, 1923-1929</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Wilson 2015</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Intervention outside protocol</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Wilson, S. R., Gettings, P. E., Hall, E. D., Pastor, R. G. (2015) Dilemmas families face in talking with returning U.S. military service members about seeking professional help for mental health issues, Health Communication, 30, 772-783</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Yuen 2015</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Subgroup/secondary analysis of RCT already included</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Yuen, E. K., Gros, D. F., Price, M., Zeigler, S., Tuerk, P. W., Foa, E. B., Acierno, R. (2015) Randomized Controlled Trial of Home-Based Telehealth Versus In-Person Prolonged Exposure for Combat-Related PTSD in Veterans: Preliminary Results, Journal of clinical psychology, 71, 500-512</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Zatzick 2011</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Non-RCT (no control group)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Zatzick, D., Rivara, F., Jurkovich, G., Russo, J., Trusz, S. G., Wang, J., Wagner, A., Stephens, K., Dunn, C., Uehara, E., Petrie, M., Engel, C., Davydow, D., Katon, W. (2011) Enhancing the population impact of collaborative care interventions: Mixed method development and implementation of stepped care targeting posttraumatic stress disorder and related comorbidities after acute trauma, General Hospital Psychiatry, 33, 123-134</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Zatzick 2014</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">RQ 1.1-1.2 &#x00026; 2.1-2.2 (searches combined)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Population outside scope: Trials of people without PTSD</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Zatzick, D., Russo, J., Lord, S. P., Varley, C., Wang, J., Berliner, L., Jurkovich, G., Whiteside, L. K., O&#x02019;Connor, S., Rivara, F. P. (2014) Collaborative care intervention targeting violence risk behaviors, substance use, and posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms in injured adolescents a randomized clinical trial, JAMA Pediatrics, 168, 532-539</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appktab2"><div id="ch9.appk.tab2" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appk.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appk.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Reason for Exclusion</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Morland LA, Raab M, Mackintosh MA (2013) Telemedicine: a cost-reducing means of delivering psychotherapy to rural combat veterans with PTSD. Telemedicine journal and e-health: the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association 19, 754-9</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention not focused to PTSD symptoms</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Priebe S, Gavrilovic JJ, Matanov A (2010). Treatment outcomes and costs at specialized centers for the treatment of PTSD after the war in former Yugoslavia. Psychiatric Services 61, 598-604</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-comparative study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Salloum A., Robst J, Scheeringa MS (2014). Step one within stepped care trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for young children: a pilot study. Child psychiatry and human development 45, 65-77</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appk.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Non-comparative study</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appltab1"><div id="ch9.appl.tab1" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appl.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Research question</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">What is the clinical and cost effectiveness of stepped care for PTSD?</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Importance to &#x02018;patients&#x02019; or the population</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Stepped care options may make intervention more accessible (e.g. because treatment can be undertaken at home), may shorten waiting lists and for some may be a preferred therapy option (i.e. self-directed therapy, rather than with a therapist).</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance to NICE guidance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Would inform the development of future guidelines.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance to NHS</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Potential for greater clinical and cost-effectiveness, and reducing health burden through greater reach.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">National priorities</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Improving clinical and cost-effectiveness of mental health services.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Current evidence base</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">There is very little evidence that currently pertains to this question.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Equalities</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">May be easier for certain groups to access treatment.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appltab2"><div id="ch9.appl.tab2" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appl.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Criterion</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Explanation</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adults or children and young people meeting criteria (e.g. DSM) for a PTSD diagnosis.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Psychological therapies delivered in a less intensive format (e.g. computerised delivery, group therapy).</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>To compare a lower intensity treatment to usual care (e.g. active case management) in first instance; if efficacious, then compare to &#x0201c;active&#x0201d; therapy (i.e. intensive one-to-one therapy) in a non-inferiority RCT.</p>
<p>Clinic vs. school or subspecialist centre vs generalist institution or volume outcome relationships</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PTSD severity at post-treatment, and 12m follow up.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RCT/ Non-inferiority RCT.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Timeframe</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To inform a guidance review.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appltab3"><div id="ch9.appl.tab3" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appl.tab3_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Research question</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">What is the clinical and cost effectiveness of trauma informed care (TIC) or trauma informed approaches (TIA)?</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Importance to &#x02018;patients&#x02019; or the population</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Individuals who have been exposed to potentially traumatic events, may be at risk of having the traumatic event triggered, or even being re-traumatised, by the way in which services are delivered. Trauma informed care may reduce the likelihood of such adverse events.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance to NICE guidance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">If adopting a trauma-informed approach does indeed make a measurable difference to people who have experienced traumatic events, then NICE guidelines may need to be revised</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance to NHS</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">If adopting a trauma-informed approach is cost-effective, there may be cost-savings for the NHS as well as training implications</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">National priorities</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Improving clinical and cost-effectiveness of mental health services.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Current evidence base</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">There is very little evidence demonstrating measurable impact of TIC or TIA. The evidence that does exist is of a low quality and come almost exclusively from the US</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Equalities</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">None identified</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch9appltab4"><div id="ch9.appl.tab4" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK560207/table/ch9.appl.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch9.appl.tab4_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Criterion</th><th id="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Explanation</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adults or children and young people at risk of developing PTSD as a result of exposure to a potentially traumatic event, and receiving healthcare services other than those specifically for their PTSD</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Trauma-informed care or practice (TIC or TIP)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparator</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>TIC should be compared to &#x02018;service as usual&#x02019;, i.e. without a trauma-informed approach.</p>
<p>Alternatively different methods of TIC could be compared to each other.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
<p>Experience of service users.</p>
<p>Severity of PTSD symptoms.</p>
<p>Numbers of referrals to specialist mental health services</p>
<p>Academic outcomes for children and young people</p>
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">RCT and controlled (but not randomised) studies</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Timeframe</td><td headers="hd_h_ch9.appl.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To inform a guidance review</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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